Using history of science to implement inquiry-based teaching
to implement inquiry-based teaching. C. de Hosson and D. ... A caricatural way of using the history of science. History of science is often used as anecdotal and.
Using history of science to implement inquiry-based teaching C. de Hosson and D. Jasmin (19/05/2010)
A caricatural way of using the history of science History of science is often used as anecdotal and almost caricatural. Its use is limited to a few biographical details of famous scientists associated with anecdotes far from the reality (E.g. the bathtub of Archimedes, Newton's apple ...). The textbooks are full of examples of this type (see Slisko).
2
A caricatural way of using the history of science
3
3 groups (45 min) G1 : historical context of the immergence water pump
G2 : Description of Al Jazari’s water pump
G3 : Implementing the discovery of Al Jazari’s water pump as a clasroom activity Presentation of the work performed by the group in the form of a poster (10 min each) 4
Implementing the discovery of Al Jazari’s water pump in the classroom, by the use of a children’s story. 5
Step 1 : Problem to be solved after the reading
“My problem is : I do not know how to draw the water up. Nabil will be tired by sucking the water”
Step 1 : Problem to be solved after the reading
“We will raise the water through the mills. Problem : If the hill is very high, it seems I need yet other mills since the water will not be strong enough to climb up the hill”.
“It takes wind to make it works”
Step 1 : Problem to be solved after the reading
Two problems have to be solved : • Raise the water and conserve it • Force the conserved water up Principle of a « force and suction pump »
Technical devices have to be found to : • Raise the water and conserve it (suction) • Force the conserved water up (forcing)
Step 2 : Suggest technical devices How can we conserve the water that has managed to raise a certain height ?
9
Step 2 : Suggest technical devices
taps
Raising the water
10
Forcing the water
L’animation sur la pompe
11
Step 3 : Using a video
12
Step 4 : Maintaining the back and forth movement
> Discovering the « Rod and Crank system »
13
Step 5 : Diagram of al-Jazari’s water pump
14
Step 6 : Performing the water pump with gear
15
Steps 1 to 7 : Retrieval
Al-Jazari’s water pump: 1. 2. 3. 4.
16
The scientist The discovery The time Applications
Science and language
Publishing and reporting on wiki website Posters realization Letter adressed to Nabil and Fadela My dear Fadela and Nabil,
I wrote you to explain how to build the Al-Jazari waterpump. There is a waterwheel which will turn thanks to the water fo the river…
Science fair 17
18
Conclusions
Give a concrete reality to science, to be taken in a historical perspective Develop a multidisciplinary project, linking science and history, and covering many parts of the curriculum. Valorize immigrant cultures. Implement IBSE in class by coupling experiment / retrieval / debate / object fabrication / drafting .. Introduce children to IT publishing their works on a website. 19
Discoveries Scientific discoveries in Islamic countries
A K4 to K7 project Ten major scientific discoveries and inventions coming from the “golden age” of Islamic science( VIII° to XVI° centuries)
www.lamap.fr/decouvertes 20
The 10 discoveries Vision theory - Ibn al-Haytham (965-1038) Water pump - Al-Jazari (XIIth century) Islamic contribution to distillation Al-Razi (864-932) Rainbow theory - Al-Farisi (1260-1320) Balance of wisdom - Al-Khazini (????-1121) Pulmonary circulation - Ibn al-Nafis (1210-1288) Symmetry in oriental art. Islamic contribution to astrolabe - Abu Behr Ibn Yussuf (1208) Pharmacology and Botanic - Ibn al-Baytar (11971248) Samarkand observatory - Ulugh Beg (1394-1449) 21
Objectives
Documentary research on the scientist and its discovery ( or invention) Reproduce the discovery in class Publish the results on a website Exchange with the other classes involved in the project
22
Tools for teachers A book • • •
Historical background Learning activities for the class Story for the pupils
Multimedia • •
website Flash animation for the pupils
Collaborative tools : • • • •
23
Sharing pupils works Publication (wiki) To help each other (forum) Exchange (community)
History of science in science education History of science
? Tool for a learning pathway 24
History of science in science education
Provides teachers difficulties
with
the
students’
Provides students with a more comprehensive and consistant view of science Gives turning-points that can inspire teachers with pedagogical strategy 25
Thematic project : a multidiscplinary approach
The thematic projects emphasize a multidisciplinary and experimental approach with sometimes international exchanges. The implementation of these projects is done over a period ≥ 6 weeks.
26
On the footsteps of Eratostenes ( 2000)
27
Eratosthenes: sizing the Earth (1)
The European discoveries
www.lamap.fr/europe 29
Europe of discoveries
Major discoveries by famous scientists from European countries 0- list a priori ideas The Sun is always the same Galileo Galilei: It does not move around the Earth Observing with a telescope 1-Observations with the telescope • Moon craters & mountains The image moves ! • Sun spots There are black dots ! 2-Hypotheses • Satellites of Jupiter The telescope is not stable • Venus phases The lenses are duty reproduce Galileo’s findings 3-Experimentation Stabilize the mount Clean the lens 4-Re-observe and draw Conclusions: The image still moves • the spots belong to the sun Thecenter, spots are still there (rather around equator, darker in their move along! with days) The spots move along with days • images move because the sun moves
(rotation of the Earth to compensate) • what is inside the telescope ? => dismount & built own telescope !
The climate, my planet and I
Learning units Multimedia animation Collaborative tools
A Case Study in Migrating from Linux to a Microkernel OS ... (RTOS). A primary goal of the study was to provide an indication of how much, if any, of an existing.
Specialized software. 4. ... Easier access to specialized information ... Other: Our system is on a server accessible from the Visual Arts and Technology ... There is an open computer lab in this building that students may use at any time and may ...
Intel's Terms and Conditions of Sale for such products ... Contact your local Intel sales office or your distributor to obtain the latest ... Mt Prospect IL 60056-7641.
20 How many people use the digital materials available a week ? Teachers. Students. WWW users. Others, please specify. 21 If you have had any feedback, ...
possible in the source language â apart from standard short words such as ... beginners tend to perceive his approach as an interpreter's shorthand and give.
... branches of school themselves; from grammar schools to vocational schools, from ... and particularly in countries such as Germany, France, England and Spain â .... http://www.palumboeditore.it/Portals/0/download/riviste/Mundus01_1_9.pdf.
Many authors have proposed a new model of the machine taking ... Using the electromotive force vector (emf) dqr dq d e dt λ. = ..... Each term of this matrix has ...
in higher education, especially among non-traditional students, has placed a new ... For all these reasons, C&IT is becoming an important component of teaching and ... collaborative projects using email, videoconferencing, a shared Web site or a ...
list: egg, box. N.B. If only the word box was used in the assignment, it would not ... therefore successfully used as the method of teaching children how to add and.
The Design is in the System ... -The system is written in itself ... I used Smalltalk as the basis for my object-oriented programming course in the years 1992. -1998.
recently restated this old question, while improvements in the tools at the disposal of the macroeconomists ... 110 J.-O. Hairault et al. IJournal of ... by Duffie and Singleton (1993) to estimate the parameters of the stochastic pro- cesses and to .
Most general standard histories of mathematics speak indiscriminately of “Babylonian” mathematics, presenting together the mathematics of the Old Babylonian ...Termes manquants :
I. INTRODUCTION. More and more electrical systems need a high level of reliability. Among the potential solutions, multi-phase machines take a particular place ...
Boyer/Merzbach, recognizes that the great majority of Mesopotamian mathematical tablets are ..... corpus is not of much help if we want to build at least a tentative diachronic ... needed being served by free-lance scribes), and of personal seals (as
Science Education Goals: Paris/ French schools'Perspective ... standards for Universities .... A reform of primary school by the minister for national education,.
A private object Private::GeometricElementFactory. GeometricElement given an identifier. ⣠Each such object gets a ReadMeditFormat() that calls under the ...
11 juil. 2014 - Description : You will consider various techniques which help to assess student learning. The course also will help you to acquire the skills to develop and use appropriate assessment procedures. This course is part of the Foundations