Safety & Radioprotection

4 sub-tasks

Task 5: Safety & Radioprotection

schedule

4y (D) Conformity to legislation

3y (C) Decommissioning (B) Radioactivity control, safety & risks

2y

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Participants: GANIL, France FZJ, Germany LMU, Germany CERN, EU CEA, France NIPNE, Romania FI, Lithuania Univ. Warsaw, Poland

role - sub-task D - sub-task C - sub-task B - sub-task A - coordination - contribution - contribution - contribution

External partners: ORNL, ANL, TRIUMF, JAERI, KAERI

(A) Radiation, activation, shielding & doses

15 June 2006, PSI, Switzerland; contact: [email protected]

1y

Safety & Radioprotection

2006: sub-task A

• radiation characterization (primary beam, targets, beam dump, secondary beam lines) • activation estimates (primary and secondary beam lines, targets, beam dump, environment) • optimization of shielding against prompt radiation, dose rates

** Deliverable/

** Deliverable/Milestone Name

Milestone No

** Workpackage

** Lead

/Subtask No

Contractor(s)

** Planned in months

Expected in months

M1.1

Validation of MC codes

5/A

CERN, CEA, NIPNE, WU, FI

6

12 1 OK

M1.2

Radiation & activation estimates

5/A

CERN, CEA, NIPNE, WU, FI

12

36 1 ?

M1.3

Shielding guidelines

5/A

CERN, CEA, NIPNE, WU, FI

22

22 1 OK

15 June 2006, PSI, Switzerland; contact: [email protected]

Safety & Radioprotection

Sub-task A; M1.1; validation of MC codes

TN-06-01 "Validation of FLUKA calculated cross-sections for radioisotope production in proton-ontarget collisions at proton energies around 1 GeV“, M. Felcini, A. Ferrari, CERN, January 2006

TN-06-02 "Monte-Carlo validation on accelerator shielding experiments“, A. Plukis, A. Zukauskaite, R. Plukiene, FI Vilnius , Jan. 2006

TN-06-04 “Benchmark calculations on particle production within the EURISOL DS project ” , B. Rapp, J.C. David , V. Blideanu, D. Doré, D. Ridikas, N. Thiolliere, CEA Saclay, March 2006

OK 1 Recommendations/improvements for both MCNPX and FLUKA 15 June 2006, PSI, Switzerland; contact: [email protected]

Safety & Radioprotection

Sub-task A; M1.2; radiation and activation

TN-06-05 “Radiotoxic and conventional toxic inventories of an Hg target“, R. Moorman et al., FZJ 1.

Nuclide inventories in Hg-targets

2.

Radiotoxic inventories of Hg targets

3.

Dose calculations for an accident-typical nuclide vector released from Hg targets

4.

Thermo-chemical studies of mercury/iodine system

5.

Hg toxicity: the legal situation as in 2003

TN-06-? “Thick target spallation residual products of the Hg and UCx”, B. Rapp et al., CEA Saclay + CERN, July 2006; SATIF-8 workshop TN-06-? “Dose estimates and shielding design for the EURISOL facility”, M. Felcini et al., CERN, August 2006; SATIF-8 workshop TN-06-? “Activation of air, soil and ground water for the EURISOL facility”, B. Rapp et al., CEA Saclay + CERN, August 2006 …

Work is in progress by CERN, CEA, FZJ

15 June 2006, PSI, Switzerland; contact: [email protected]

Sub-task A; M1.2; radiation and activation Safety & Radioprotection

Geometry 2006

p(1GeV; 4MW) Hg UCx

Total activity

3

H

148Gd

Importance of model validation-benchmarking! 15 June 2006, PSI, Switzerland; contact: [email protected]

Safety & Radioprotection

Sub-task A; M1.3; shielding guidelines

Action

Leading institute & support

Planned

1. Proton driver

CERN (support CEA/FI)

Month 24

2. TIS and beam dump

CERN (support CEA/FI)

Month 24

3. Mass separator and post-accelerator

CEA (support CERN/NIPNE)

Month 36

4. Experimental halls

CEA (support CERN/NIPNE)

Month 36

Note: 4 MW and 100 kW targets are addressed.

Collaboration with all corresponding tasks is crucial!

“Proton driver” and “Target assemblies” 1 feasible by 2007 2

Not sufficient information for “3” and “4” ! 3 • beam ions/energy/intensity and expected losses • simplistic geometry/material configuration 15 June 2006, PSI, Switzerland; contact: [email protected]

Safety & Radioprotection

Sub-task A; M1.3; shielding guidelines

15 June 2006, PSI, Switzerland; contact: [email protected]

Safety & Radioprotection

Sub-task A; M1.3; shielding guidelines (example from ESS by P. Berkvens et al. (2006))

42 458 462 49  7 9 8 7 2 8738  17 28 962 888µ 1234546475873829 68 42 45837 898425875 26286452 800 height earth berm [cm]

700 600 500 400 300 200

Cross check: MC versus deterministic

100 0 -1500

-1000

-500

260 cm

0

500

300 cm

300 cm

300 cm

60 cm

15 June 2006, PSI, Switzerland; contact: [email protected]

1000

position from beam axis [cm]

42 45 6452

"88 75 2628#8 "$8829 6

%75628 '9

7

!8µ

%7&2 8 72

 8µ

Sub-task A; M1.3; shielding guidelines (example from CERN by T. Otto et al.)

Safety & Radioprotection

Point source, line-of-sight attenuation formula

R

123456789 585 8758 8 88 7 687885

Z • •

R

RIB to ioniser/separator

Z

graphite

UCx targets 4 MW proton beam

• far shielding (?) • close shielding (?)

mercury

UCx targets

Only 2 m of iron shielding are represented To be complemented with concrete and/or earth

used target to hot cell

graphite 1m

15 June 2006, PSI, Switzerland; contact: [email protected]

Bulk shielding can be planned with line-of-sight formulae!

Safety & Radioprotection

2006: sub-task B

• activity dispersion, contamination, migration • oxidation of target materials • containment of volatile radioactivity • target preparation, handling, confinements, ventilation • waste production • risk and failure scenarios ** Deliverable/

** Deliverable/Milestone Name

Milestone No

** Workpackage

** Lead

/Subtask No

Contractor(s)

** Planned in months

Expected in months

M2.1

Dispersion of radioactivity

5/B

LMU, NIPNE, CERN, FZJ, CEA

17

17 ok

M2.2

Test of purification system

5/B

LMU, CERN, NIPNE, FZJ, CEA

31

31

M2.3

Containment of radioactivity

5/B

LMU, CERN, NIPNE, FZJ, CEA

17

17 (ok)+3

M2.4

Activity transport in ground water

5/B

LMU, FZJ, CEA

17

17 (ok) + 3

15 June 2006, PSI, Switzerland; contact: [email protected]

FI,

Safety & Radioprotection

Sub-task B; M2.1: dispersion of radioactivity

TN-06-06 "Dispersion of radio-elements, contamination, migration: experience gained from NPPs“, Dan V. Vamanu, Valentin T. Acasandrei and Bogdan I. Vamanu, NIPNE Bucharest, Jan. 2006 + 1st version of the software available on CD SOURCE:

Oak Ridge National Laboratories. The CONDOS code. U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, International RTM-95 Response Technical Manual

Exposure / Dose to distance Isotope / Mix

Shielding Lead Iron Aluminium Water Air Concrete

ECF DCF

• Exposure • EDE • BDE

OK: in time (NIPNE) 15 June 2006, PSI, Switzerland; contact: [email protected]

Safety & Radioprotection

Sub-task B; M2.3: Containment of radioactivity

(2 6)25 394 46&8968%**8+,9 45-

12 23 42 967 

.  &7/952 / 7676&/2870/ 2867812 408 23 42 967

. 34 6877 45862 6 82468 &7/952 02 30

3 955285246896475 

. 29 0 2256873862/2 960 284 6 4)06475 /0/4589/946& 4 767/48 26945256 3967

79 459647589/9)4 46&84589 287389008 296 7525 9628)04 .0/80 458 7562  7/2 96475 /2 37 952 458/ 2 252873876834 4758 70 2 15 June 2006, PSI, Switzerland; contact: [email protected]

OK: in time (LMU)

Safety & Radioprotection

Sub-task B; M2.4: activity transport in the ground water

764964758738 74  70582962 6 4 96475873896446&82468 70582962

898:; 4 756 4)06475 Main goal is the development of a code system for calculation of the groundwater contamination at the EURISOL fence (tap water quality is required there). 1

By preliminary activation calculations the most relevant nuclides were identified:

Air, soil and ground water activation (source) will be done shortly for typical soils at CERN, GANIL and FZJ!

OK: in time (FZJ, CEA) 15 June 2006, PSI, Switzerland; contact: [email protected]

Safety & Radioprotection

2006: sub-task D

• licensing and permission procedures (country dependence) • guidelines on technical options, implementations and execution conditions • potential risk and delay estimates

** Deliverable/

** Deliverable/Milestone Name

Milestone No M3.1

Conformity to legislation

** Workpackage

** Lead

/Subtask No

Contractor(s)

5/D

GANIL, CERN, CEA, FZJ

Specific request by G. Fortuna: legal issues related to the use/production of 233U, 235U and 239Pu 1. 2. 3. 4.

For Switzerland: CERN 1 OK For Germany: FZJ 1 OK For France: GANIL 1promised For Italy: INFN 1 promised

15 June 2006, PSI, Switzerland; contact: [email protected]

** Planned in months 45

Expected in months 45

Safety & Radioprotection

2006: sub-task D

The following handling/production/storage limits of fissile materials would require Nuclear Facility Authorizations/Licensing: • for construction, operation and decommissioning • constant supervision by the safety authorities • decree by the government • fall under the safeguard rules derived from the non-proliferation treaty • demonstration: if >10-4/year probability accident 2 accidental exposure < 1 mSv; Examples: PSI in Switzerland, ILL Grenoble in France, … Fissile Material

Switzerland

Germany

France

Italy

Pu-239, g

15-150

15

375

-

U-233, g

15-150

15

375

-

U-235, g

15-150

15

600

-

Total fissile, g

15-150

15

375-600

-

Final note: Proton accelerator with • Ep > 300MeV and • Pbeam > 0.5kW 2 subject to Nuclear Facility Authorizations in France 15 June 2006, PSI, Switzerland; contact: [email protected]

Task 5: some propositions (CEA) Safety & Radioprotection

3 options tried: natU, natTh, enrichedU (93 %)

p(1GeV; 4MW) Hg UCx

Initial material

Fissions/s Actinides produced, g/year (for 1 MW) (for 4 MW; irradiation 210 days)

1

natUCx;

3.76 x 1014

239Pu

2

natThCx;

0.84 x 1014

233U

3

enrichedUCx;

5.26 x 1014

236U(3.9);

~ 13 kg 238U; 100 g 235U; V~ 5 L ~ 13 kg 232Th; V ~ 5 L ~ 200 g 235U; V ~ 1 L

15 June 2006, PSI, Switzerland; contact: [email protected]

(39), 236U(1.4), 237Np(0.9)

(57), 233Pa(13), 231Pa(1.3) * modified geometry *

Meetings held in 2006

Safety & Radioprotection

Date 5-6.06.06

Title/subject of meeting T5-04-WU-05-06.06.06

Location WU

Number of attendees

Website address 10

http://eurisol.wp5.free.fr/

Meetings planned in 2006 12-13 October 2006, LMU, T5 + Saferib

External partners: ORNL and TRIUMF have already contributed External partners: KAERI and JAEA (former JAERI) to be invited in October

15 June 2006, PSI, Switzerland; contact: [email protected]

Deviations from Annex 1

Safety & Radioprotection

Request by B. Rannou (GANIL): Advance of sub-task E “conformity to legislation” Planned in 4th year 1 shift to 2nd year, i.e. 2006 1 3

Request by T. Otto (CERN): 67.5 kEuros of “personnel” 1 "travel and subsistence“ Decision in the coming MB meeting in June 2006

Request by D. Ridikas (CEA): Delay in deliverable D1: “Radiation, activation and doses” Planned in 2006 1 expected 2007 15 June 2006, PSI, Switzerland; contact: [email protected]