Forschungszentrum Jülich in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
EURISOL WP 5: Safety and Radioprotection & SAFERIB
Progress since October `05 K.Bongardt, S.Chiriki, J.Fachinger, M.Herbst, B.Heuel-Fabianek, R.Moormann, R.Nabbi, N.Prolingheuer, H.Schaal, B.Schlögl EURISOL-WP5/SAFERIB meeting Warszawa 05./06.06.2006
Institut für Sicherheit sforschung und Reaktortechnik - ISR
Rainer Moormann
1
Forschungszentrum Jülich in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
Content • Radioactive Inventories and Radiotoxicities • Oxidation Behaviour in Targets • Shielding Issues • Disposal • Migration of Activitiy with Groundwater
Institut für Sicherheit sforschung und Reaktortechnik - ISR
Rainer Moormann
2
Forschungszentrum Jülich in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
Radioactive Inventories and Toxicities (WP5 A) • A draft report on radioactive inventories of Hg-targets, on
radiotoxicities, conventional toxicities and legislation items was submitted to the partners end of 2005 • No further activities were performed so far with respect to this item
Institut für Sicherheit sforschung und Reaktortechnik - ISR
Rainer Moormann
3
Forschungszentrum Jülich in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
Oxidation of target materials (WP5 A) • The collection of
oxidation rates of target materials in
air/oxygen and in steam was extended by data for tantalum and by additional data for graphites: 1 There is a pronounced increase in oxidation rate of graphite in air at 1200°C (factor 4 – 6) despite of mass transfer control, but due to CO burning in the boundary layer. Because of the large graphite cladding around the production target, A draft report on this item will be ready after the summer break.
Institut für Sicherheit sforschung und Reaktortechnik - ISR
Rainer Moormann
4
Forschungszentrum Jülich in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
……….Oxidation of target materials (WP5 A) •
Schematics of graphite oxidation rate enhancement in air at temperatures > 1200°C Institut für Sicherheit sforschung und Reaktortechnik - ISR
Rainer Moormann
5
Forschungszentrum Jülich in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
Shielding issues (WP5 A) •
A report on shielding items mainly for the EURISOL driver LINAC is ready and a draft was submitted to the partners. This report is based on ESS experience and contains: 1. Part I: Physical background and main results of ESS shielding estimations . 2. General shielding guidelines for large spallation based facilities 1 Selected, not yet presented results are shown in the following viewgraphs
Institut für Sicherheit sforschung und Reaktortechnik - ISR
Rainer Moormann
6
Forschungszentrum Jülich in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
………….Shielding issues (WP5 A)
Shieding calculations (Moyer model) for an accelerator with 0.6 m of concrete and additional soil shielding for a hypothetical continuous complete local beam loss compared to a continuous 1 W/m loss: 1 W/m is concerning shielding equivalent to 6 W (ESS beam diameters) Institut für Sicherheit sforschung und Reaktortechnik - ISR
Rainer Moormann
7
Forschungszentrum Jülich in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
………….Shielding issues (WP5 A) Validation of the Moyer model
Comparison of dose rates behind a 60 cm concrete and 680 cm earth shield calculated with Sullivan’s model and with Moyer’s model. The graph shows the dose rate for a 10 MW, 1.334 GeV local loss as a function of the angle 1 between the incident beam and the scattered radiation. Institut für Sicherheit sforschung und Reaktortechnik - ISR
Rainer Moormann
8
Forschungszentrum Jülich in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
………….Shielding issues (WP5 A) Dose rates at a RF duct mouth
Integrated dose at the duct mouth, for a full 10 MW, 5 pulses beam loss in front of the RF duct, as a function of the distance from the duct mouth: Result is, that RF ducts do require major changes in s the overall shielding design Institut für Sicherheit sforschung und Reaktortechnik - ISR
Rainer Moormann
9
Forschungszentrum Jülich in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
Disposal items (WP 5 D) 1 Within of the PhD work on disposal of proton irradiated mercury,
started in October `05, HgS and amalgames (Cu) were selected as most suitable candidates concerning chemical form for disposal 1 First experiments were started for final selection: HgS and amalgame specimen were taken into aqueous solutions, typical for repositories (pure water, salt brine, opalinus clay water). In order to simulate accident conditions, the specimen are irradiated in a strong γ–field (spent fuel element sorage of a fission reactor). Radiolysis of water forms atomic oxygen, which might attack and dissolve the mercury in the respecive environment. After 2 month of irradiation, the mercury concentration in the aqueous solution will be determined. Analysis of these specimen is expected for the summer Institut für Sicherheit sforschung und Reaktortechnik - ISR
Rainer Moormann
10
Forschungszentrum Jülich in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
Solidification
Chemical stabilization of Hg as an inorganic compounds e.g. HgS, HgSe, HgO Hg2Cl2, HgCl2
Institut für Sicherheit sforschung und Reaktortechnik - ISR
Stabilization by dissolution in metals called amalgamation e.g. Cu, Zn, Sn, Ag,
Rainer Moormann
11
Forschungszentrum Jülich in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
Ionic Mercury compounds and Solubility data in water
Mercuric oxide
HgO
Mercuric selenide
HgSe
395
chemical safety data list ,2004
0.0041
chemical safety data list ,2004
Solubility data for common industrial Hg compounds
HgS and HgSe are highly insoluble in water and other aq. solutions, therefore they belong to promising options for disposal of Hg Institut für Sicherheit sforschung und Reaktortechnik - ISR
Rainer Moormann
12
Forschungszentrum Jülich in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
……..Disposal items (WP 5 D) 1Experimental work on the chemical engineering details of mercury solidification – next steps:
1Continuation of experimental studies on commercial HgS and cement matrix for the irradiation effects in final disposal; leach test, solubility tests, thermal tests 1Lab scale experimental set up study and construction for the synthesis of HgS from elemental mercury and sulfur or sulfur source compounds (suitable for irradiated mercury) 1Studies on pros and cons of separation of other nuclides than mercury before of disposal (with PSI) 1Working on copper amalgam process simultaneously and design study experimental set up 1Simulation experiments for synthesis of HgS from activated elemental mercury
Institut für Sicherheit sforschung und Reaktortechnik - ISR
Rainer Moormann
13
Forschungszentrum Jülich in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
Activity migration in ground water (SAFERIB and EURISOL WP 5B) • For Juelich soil, improved calculations of the activation
vector were performed as a Master thesis (Bärbel Schlögl); a report on that will be ready second halve of this year at the latest. These calculations cover the whole mass range up to 200, and extend the existing calculations (up to mass numbers of 59). A higher mass nuclide formed in Juelich soil in larger amounts is Cu-64, which however has a halve life of 12.7 h only. • Work on coupling TRACE/PARTRACE with the water/soil activation module was started by a Diploma thesis (Nils Prolingheuer); improved results are expected for september ‘06 Institut für Sicherheit sforschung und Reaktortechnik - ISR
•
Rainer Moormann
14
Forschungszentrum Jülich in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
…Activity migration in ground water (SAFERIB and EURISOL WP 5B) • Calculations on activation profiles in CERN-type soil around a 10 MW/1.334 GeV LINAC were documented and a respective draft report was submitted to the partners (SAFERIB-contribution) 1 Selected results are presented in the following viewgraphs
Institut für Sicherheit sforschung und Reaktortechnik - ISR
Rainer Moormann
15
Forschungszentrum Jülich in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
…Activity migration in ground water (SAFERIB and EURISOL WP 5B) Saturation activities of long lived isotopes in CERN soil around high energy proton accelerators: Conversion to 1.334 GeV/1 W
Institut für Sicherheit sforschung und Reaktortechnik - ISR
Rainer Moormann
16
Forschungszentrum Jülich in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
…Activity migration in ground water (SAFERIB and EURISOL WP 5B) Variation of the specific soil activity as a function of the cooling time after the final shutdown
Geometry used to calculate the spatial distribution of the soil activation around the proton accelerator Institut für Sicherheit sforschung und Reaktortechnik - ISR
Rainer Moormann
17
Forschungszentrum Jülich in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
…Activity migration in ground water (SAFERIB and EURISOL WP 5B) Actual geometry used in activation calculations for the linac tunnel
Institut für Sicherheit sforschung und Reaktortechnik - ISR
Rainer Moormann
18
Forschungszentrum Jülich in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
…Activity migration in ground water (SAFERIB and EURISOL WP 5B)
Institut für Sicherheit sforschung und Reaktortechnik - ISR
Rainer Moormann
Specific activities for all isotopes except H-3 at the outer surface of the linac tunnel shield walls after a cooling down period of 5 years, for various values for the concrete thickness
19
Forschungszentrum Jülich in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
…Activity migration in ground water (SAFERIB and EURISOL WP 5B) Specific activities for H-3 at the outer surface of the linac tunnel shield walls after a cooling down period of 5 years, for various values for the concrete thickness
Institut für Sicherheit sforschung und Reaktortechnik - ISR
Rainer Moormann
20
Forschungszentrum Jülich in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
…Activity migration in ground water (SAFERIB and EURISOL WP 5B) • A report on partition coefficients between soil and ground water for relevant nuclides is in preparation – main results: 84#
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Kd values [L/kg] for different soil types - overview
Rainer Moormann
21
