Acide phosphonique / Acide phosphoreux Fiche de données de sécurité conforme au Règlement (CE) n° 453/2010 Date d'émission: 31/05/2013

Date de révision: 31/05/2013

:

Version: 0.0

SECTION 1: Identification de la substance/du mélange et de la société/l’entreprise 1.1.

Identificateur de produit

Forme du produit

: Substance

Nom de la substance

: Acide phosphonique / Acide phosphoreux

Numéro d'enregistrement REACH

: 01-2119488030-46-0024

Numéro index

: 015-157-00-0

Numéro CE

: 237-066-7 / 233-663-1

n° CAS

: 13598-36-2 / 10294-56-1

1.2.

Utilisations identifiées pertinentes de la substance ou du mélange et utilisations déconseillées

1.2.1.

Utilisations identifiées pertinentes

Utilisation de la substance/mélange

: Formulation of fertilizers, biocides (including in cleaning products) and plant protection products ; Professional use of fertilizers ; Consumer use of fertilizers ; General formulation ; Industrial use as intermediate (non-SCC) ; Industrial use as (reactive) processing aid (such as catalysts) ; Professional use as (reactive) processing aid (such as catalysts)

Utilisation de la substance/mélange

: Les scénarios d´exposition détaillés sont joints en annexe.

1.2.2.

Usages déconseillés

Pas d'informations complémentaires disponibles 1.3.

Renseignements concernant le fournisseur de la fiche de données de sécurité

ALTICHEM 4 RUE JACQUES VAUCANSON 95310 SAINT-OUEN-L'AUMÔNE - FRANCE T +33 (0)1 34 40 12 80 - F +33 (0)1 34 64 56 99 [email protected] 1.4.

Numéro d’appel d’urgence

Numéro d'urgence

: N°ORFILA: +33 (0)1 45 42 59 59

SECTION 2: Identification des dangers 2.1.

Classification de la substance ou du mélange

Classification selon le règlement (CE) N° 1272/2008 [CLP] Met. Corr. 1

H290

Acute Tox. 4 (Oral)

H302

Skin Corr. 1A

H314

Eye Dam. 1

H318

Texte complet des phrases H: voir section 16 Classification selon les directives 67/548/CEE ou 1999/45/CE Xn; R22 C; R35 Texte complet des phrases R: voir section 16 Effets néfastes physicochimiques, pour la santé humaine et pour l’environnement Pas d'informations complémentaires disponibles

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2.2.

Éléments d’étiquetage

Etiquetage selon le règlement (CE) N° 1272/2008 [CLP] Pictogrammes de danger (CLP)

:

Mention d'avertissement (CLP)

: Danger

Mentions de danger (CLP)

: H290 - Peut être corrosif pour les métaux H302 - Nocif en cas d'ingestion H314 - Provoque des brûlures de la peau et des lésions oculaires graves

Conseils de prudence (CLP)

: Phrases P présentes sur l'étiquette (*) P234 - Conserver uniquement dans le récipient d’origine (*) P260 - Ne pas respirer les aérosols, brouillards, fumées, gaz, poussières, vapeurs (*) P264 - Se laver soigneusement après manipulation P270 - Ne pas manger, boire ou fumer en manipulant ce produit (*) P280 - Porter des gants de protection, des vêtements de protection, un équipement de protection des yeux, un équipement de protection du visage (*) P301+P312 - EN CAS D’INGESTION: appeler un CENTRE ANTIPOISON ou un médecin en cas de malaise P301+P330+P331 - EN CAS D’INGESTION: rincer la bouche. NE PAS faire vomir (*) P303+P361+P353 - EN CAS DE CONTACT AVEC LA PEAU (ou les cheveux): enlever immédiatement les vêtements contaminés. Rincer la peau à l’eau/se doucher (*) P304+P340 - EN CAS D’INHALATION: transporter la victime à l’extérieur et la maintenir au repos dans une position où elle peut confortablement respirer P305+P351+P338 - EN CAS DE CONTACT AVEC LES YEUX: rincer avec précaution à l’eau pendant plusieurs minutes. Enlever les lentilles de contact si la victime en porte et si elles peuvent être facilement enlevées. Continuer à rincer (*) P310 - Appeler immédiatement un CENTRE ANTIPOISON ou un médecin (*) P321 - Traitement spécifique (Voir le chapitre premiers soins de cette fiche de données de sécurité) P330 - Rincer la bouche P390 - Absorber toute substance répandue pour éviter qu’elle attaque les matériaux environnants (*) P405 - Garder sous clef P406 - Stocker dans un récipient avec doublure intérieure résistant à la corrosion P501 - Éliminer le contenu/récipient conformément à la réglementation locale/régionale/nationale/internationale.

GHS05

2.3.

GHS07

Autres dangers

Cette substance/mélange ne remplit pas les critères PBT de la directive REACH annexe XIII. Cette substance/mélange ne remplit pas les critères vPvB de la directive REACH annexe XIII.

SECTION 3: Composition/informations sur les composants 3.1.

Substances

Remarques

: Tautomère :

Type de substance

: Monoconstituant

Nom

: Acide phosphonique / Acide phosphoreux

acide phosphorique et acide phosphoreux

n° CAS

: 13598-36-2 / 10294-56-1

Numéro CE

: 237-066-7 / 233-663-1

Numéro index

: 015-157-00-0

Nom Acide phosphonique / Acide phosphoreux

Identificateur de produit

%

Classification selon la directive 67/548/CEE

(n° CAS)13598-36-2 / 10294-56-1

98,5 - 100

Xn; R22 C; R35

Identificateur de produit

%

Classification selon le règlement (CE) N° 1272/2008 [CLP]

(n° CAS)13598-36-2 / 10294-56-1

98,5 - 100

Met. Corr. 1, H290 Acute Tox. 4 (Oral), H302 Skin Corr. 1A, H314 Eye Dam. 1, H318

(Numéro CE)237-066-7 / 233-663-1 (Numéro index)015-157-00-0

Nom

Acide phosphonique / Acide phosphoreux

(Numéro CE)237-066-7 / 233-663-1 (Numéro index)015-157-00-0

Textes des phrases R-,H- et EUH: voir section 16

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3.2.

Mélange

Non applicable

SECTION 4: Premiers secours 4.1.

Description des premiers secours

Premiers soins après inhalation

: Amener la victime à l'air libre. Si la respiration est difficile, administrer de l'oxygène. Consulter immédiatement un médecin.

Premiers soins après contact avec la peau

: Laver immédiatement et abondamment avec de l'eau (15 min). Enlever immédiatement les vêtements contaminés. Consulter immédiatement un médecin. Laver les vêtements contaminés avant réutilisation.

Premiers soins après contact oculaire

: Rincer immédiatement avec beaucoup d'eau pendant 15 min. Consulter immédiatement un médecin.

Premiers soins après ingestion

: NE PAS faire vomir. Consulter immédiatement un médecin. Si la personne est pleinement consciente, lui faire boire de l'eau. Ne jamais donner à boire à un sujet inconscient.

4.2.

Principaux symptômes et effets, aigus et différés

Pas d'informations complémentaires disponibles 4.3.

Indication des éventuels soins médicaux immédiats et traitements particuliers nécessaires

Traitement symptomatique.

SECTION 5: Mesures de lutte contre l’incendie 5.1.

Moyens d’extinction

Agents d'extinction non appropriés 5.2.

Dangers particuliers résultant de la substance ou du mélange

Danger d'incendie 5.3.

: Utiliser les moyens adéquats pour combattre les incendies avoisinants. : Par combustion ou par décomposition thermique (pyrolyse), libère : des fumées irritantes, Gaz très toxiques. Non combustible.

Conseils aux pompiers

Instructions de lutte contre l'incendie

: Refroidir les conteneurs exposés par pulvérisation ou brouillard d'eau.

Protection en cas d'incendie

: Appareil de protection respiratoire autonome isolant, à adduction d'air. Protection complète du corps.

SECTION 6: Mesures à prendre en cas de déversement accidentel 6.1.

Précautions individuelles, équipement de protection et procédures d’urgence

Mesures générales 6.1.1.

: Porter un équipement de protection adéquat. Pour plus d'informations, se reporter à la section 8 : "Contrôle de l'exposition-protection individuelle".

Pour les non-secouristes

Pas d'informations complémentaires disponibles 6.1.2.

Pour les secouristes

Pas d'informations complémentaires disponibles 6.2.

Précautions pour la protection de l’environnement

Pas d'informations complémentaires disponibles 6.3.

Méthodes et matériel de confinement et de nettoyage

Procédés de nettoyage

6.4.

: Balayer, enlever à la pelle ou aspirer. Mettre dans un récipient étiqueté et procéder à l'élimination en sécurité. Nettoyer les fuites ou pertes, même mineures si possible sans prendre de risque inutile. Eviter toute formation de poussière. Absorber l'épandage avec : Sable, Chaux, Cendres de soude. Conserver le récipient bien fermé. Assurer une ventilation appropriée. Eloigner le personnel superflu.

Référence à d'autres sections

Pas d'informations complémentaires disponibles

SECTION 7: Manipulation et stockage 7.1.

Précautions à prendre pour une manipulation sans danger

Précautions à prendre pour une manipulation sans danger

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: Se laver les mains après toute manipulation. Enlever les vêtements contaminés et les laver avant réutilisation. Assurer une ventilation adéquate. Eviter toute formation de poussière. Ne pas respirer les Poussières, Vapeurs, Brouillard, Gaz. Eviter le contact avec la peau, les yeux ou les vêtements. Garder le récipient hermétiquement fermé. Détruire les chaussures contaminées. Ne pas utiliser: Métaux usuels.

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7.2.

Conditions nécessaires pour assurer la sécurité du stockage, tenant compte d’éventuelles incompatibilités

Conditions de stockage

: Garder le récipient hermétiquement fermé. Conserver fermé dans un endroit sec, frais et très bien ventilé. Tenir à l'écart de : Matières combustibles. Matières incompatibles. (alcalis. Agent oxydant ...). + métaux. Peut être conservé sous azote. Recommandation : Protéger de l’humidité. Corrosif.

Matériaux d'emballage

: Ne pas utiliser de récipients métalliques.

7.3.

Utilisation(s) finale(s) particulière(s)

Pas d'informations complémentaires disponibles

SECTION 8: Contrôles de l’exposition/protection individuelle 8.1.

Paramètres de contrôle

Acide phosphonique / Acide phosphoreux(13598-36-2) DNEL/DMEL (Travailleurs) A long terme - effets systémiques, cutanée 0,83 mg/kg de poids corporel/jour A long terme - effets systémiques, inhalation 2,94 mg/m³ DNEL/DMEL (Population générale) A long terme - effets systémiques,orale 0,42 mg/kg de poids corporel/jour A long terme - effets systémiques, inhalation 0,72 mg/m³ A long terme - effets systémiques, cutanée 0,42 mg/kg de poids corporel/jour PNEC (Eau) PNEC aqua (eau douce) 153 µg/L Facteur d'évaluation (AF) : 1000 PNEC aqua (eau de mer) 15,3 µg/L Facteur d'évaluation (AF) : 10000 PNEC aqua (intermittente, eau douce) 1,53 µg/L Facteur d'évaluation (AF) : 100 8.2.

Contrôles de l’exposition

Contrôles techniques appropriés

: Ne pas utiliser pour un usage autre que celui pour lequel le produit est prévu. Des rince-oeil de secours et des douches de sécurité doivent être installés au voisinage de tout endroit où il y a risque d'exposition. L'extraction locale et la ventilation générale doivent être suffisantes pour assurer la conformité aux normes d'exposition. Appliquer les mesures techniques nécessaires pour respecter les valeurs limites d'exposition professionnelle. Système clos, dans la mesure où cela est techniquement possible. Eliminer de la source d'émission par aspiration. Etiqueter les conteneurs et apposer des mentions de mise en garde contre tout contact. Nettoyer/sécher soigneusement l'installation avant l'emploi. Garder les conteneurs fermés en dehors de leur utilisation. Vérifier l'étanchéité / l'imperméabilité avant utilisation. Eviter tout déversement. Porter un équipement de protection individuel. (Vêtements étanches). Mettre l'emballage fragile dans un conteneur solide. Eviter toute formation de poussière. La poussière formée qui ne peut être évitée doit être collectée régulièrement. Recueillir à l'aide d'un aspirateur industriel approprié. Ne pas utiliser d'air comprimé pour nettoyer. Respecter les consignes de sécurité. Ne pas exposer les femmes enceintes ou allaitantes. Ne pas manger, boire ou fumer en manipulant ce produit. Éviter tout contact avec les yeux, la peau ou les vêtements. Après contact avec la peau, se laver immédiatement et abondamment à l'eau. Rincer les yeux à l'eau par mesure de précaution. Ne pas respirer les poussières. Enlever les vêtements contaminés et les laver avant réutilisation. Des douches de secours doivent être installés au voisinage de tout endroit où il y a risque d'exposition. Séparer les vêtements de travail des vêtements de ville. Laver les mains avant une pause et à la fin des travaux.

Protection des mains

: Gants de protection. Gants imperméables. Porter des gants appropriés résistants aux produits chimiques. Vérifier l'étanchéité / l'imperméabilité avant utilisation. Nettoyer les gants à l'eau et au savon avant de les retirer. Stocker dans un endroit bien ventilé. Soins pour la peau. Les crèmes protectrices ne sauraient remplacer les protections du corps. Matériaux incompatibles : textile. cuir. Matériel de gants. ([C]> 75%, >= 8h) : Caoutchouc naturel - NR (0,5 mm) /. Polychloroprène (CR). (0.5 mm) /. Caoutchouc nitrile NBR (0,35 mm) /. Caoutchouc butyle (0,5 mm) /. Caoutchouc fluorocarbone (FKM) (0.4 mm) / PVC (0.5mm). Consulter les préconisations du fabricant.

Protection oculaire

: Lunettes anti-éclaboussures ou écran facial.

Protection de la peau et du corps

: Bottes anti-acides. Utiliser un vêtement de protection chimiquement résistant. (des vêtements résistant aux acides). Eviter le contact avec la peau.

Protection des voies respiratoires

: En cas d'urgence: Porter un appareil de protection respiratoire. Porter un appareil respiratoire autonome (EN 149).

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SECTION 9: Propriétés physiques et chimiques 9.1.

Informations sur les propriétés physiques et chimiques essentielles

État physique

: Solide

Couleur

: blanc.

Odeur

: inodore.

Seuil olfactif

: Aucune donnée disponible

pH

: < 1 (20°C)

Vitesse d'évaporation relative (l'acétate butylique=1)

: Aucune donnée disponible

Point de fusion

: 73,6 °C

Point de congélation

: Aucune donnée disponible

Point d'ébullition

: 200 °C

Point d'éclair

: 100 °C

Température d'auto-inflammation

: Aucune donnée disponible

Température de décomposition

: 180 °C

Inflammabilité (solide, gaz)

: Ininflammable

Pression de la vapeur

: < 1 hPa (20°C)

Densité relative de la vapeur à 20 °C

: Aucune donnée disponible

Densité relative

: Aucune donnée disponible

Masse volumique

: 1,651 - 1,8 g/cm³ (20°C)

Solubilité

: soluble dans l'eau.

Log Pow

: Aucune donnée disponible

Log Kow

: Aucune donnée disponible

Viscosité, cinématique

: Aucune donnée disponible

Viscosité, dynamique

: Aucune donnée disponible

Propriétés explosives

: Non.

Propriétés comburantes

: Non comburant selon les critères CE.

Limites d'explosivité

: Aucune donnée disponible

9.2.

Autres informations

Pas d'informations complémentaires disponibles

SECTION 10: Stabilité et réactivité 10.1.

Réactivité

Réagit avec : métaux. Peut libérer : Hydrogène (H2). (Inflammable). 10.2.

Stabilité chimique

Stable à température ambiante et dans les conditions normales d'emploi. 10.3.

Possibilité de réactions dangereuses

Hygroscopique : Absorbe l'humidité ou l'eau de l'air. L'acide phosphoreux absorbe l'oxygène de l'air très facilement pour former l'acide phosphorique. Polymérisation dangereuse: Ne se produira pas. 10.4.

Conditions à éviter

Humidité. Contact avec l'air. 10.5.

Matières incompatibles

métaux. Bases fortes. 10.6.

Produits de décomposition dangereux

Oxydes de phosphore. Phosphine.

SECTION 11: Informations toxicologiques 11.1.

Informations sur les effets toxicologiques

Toxicité aiguë

: Nocif en cas d'ingestion.

Acide phosphonique / Acide phosphoreux(13598-36-2) DL50 orale 1560 mg/kg de poids corporel ATE (voie orale) 500,000 mg/kg de poids corporel Acide phosphonique / Acide phosphoreux (13598-36-2 / 10294-56-1) ATE (voie orale) 500,000 mg/kg de poids corporel

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Corrosion cutanée/irritation cutanée

: Provoque des brûlures de la peau et des lésions oculaires graves.

Lésions oculaires graves/irritation oculaire

: Provoque des lésions oculaires graves.

Sensibilisation respiratoire ou cutanée

: Non classé

Mutagénicité sur les cellules germinales

: Non classé

Cancérogénicité

: Non classé

Toxicité pour la reproduction

: Non classé

Toxicité spécifique pour certains organes cibles (exposition unique)

: Non classé

pH: < 1 (20°C) pH: < 1 (20°C)

Acide phosphonique / Acide phosphoreux(13598-36-2) NOAEL (oral, rat) 250 mg/kg bw/day Organe cible :estomac Toxicité spécifique pour certains organes cibles (exposition répétée)

: Non classé

Danger par aspiration

: Non classé

SECTION 12: Informations écologiques 12.1.

Toxicité

Acide phosphonique / Acide phosphoreux(13598-36-2) CL50 poisson 1 > 100 mg/l 96 h - Cyprinus carpio (Ligne directrice OCDE 203) CE50 Daphnie 1 > 1000 mg/l 48 h - Daphnia magna (Ligne directrice OCDE 202) CE50 autres organismes aquatiques 1 153 mg/L 72 h - Pseudokirchnerella subcapitata (Ligne directrice OCDE 201) NOEC chronique poisson >= 100 mg/l 96 h - Cyprinus carpio (Ligne directrice OCDE 203) NOEC chronique crustacé >= 1000 mg/l 48 h - Daphnia magna (Ligne directrice OCDE 202) NOEC chronique algues 1 mg/l 72 h - Pseudokirchnerella subcapitata (Ligne directrice OCDE 201) 12.2.

Persistance et dégradabilité

Pas d'informations complémentaires disponibles 12.3.

Potentiel de bioaccumulation

Pas d'informations complémentaires disponibles 12.4.

Mobilité dans le sol

Pas d'informations complémentaires disponibles 12.5.

Résultats des évaluations PBT et VPVB

Acide phosphonique / Acide phosphoreux(13598-36-2) Cette substance/mélange ne remplit pas les critères PBT de la directive REACH annexe XIII. Cette substance/mélange ne remplit pas les critères vPvB de la directive REACH annexe XIII. 12.6.

Autres effets néfastes

Pas d'informations complémentaires disponibles

SECTION 13: Considérations relatives à l’élimination 13.1.

Méthodes de traitement des déchets

Pas d'informations complémentaires disponibles

SECTION 14: Informations relatives au transport Conformément aux exigences de ADR / RID / ADNR / IMDG / ICAO / IATA 14.1.

Numéro ONU

N° UN

: 2834

N° UN (IATA)

: 2834

N° UN (IMDG)

: 2834

14.2.

Nom d’expédition des Nations unies

Désignation officielle pour le transport

: ACIDE PHOSPHOREUX

Désignation exacte d’expédition/Description (IATA)

: PHOSPHOROUS ACID

Description document de transport

: UN 2834 ACIDE PHOSPHOREUX, 8, III, (E)

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14.3.

Classe(s) de danger pour le transport

Classe (ONU)

: 8

Classe (IATA)

: 8

Classe (IMDG)

: 8

Etiquettes de danger (ONU)

: 8

14.4.

Groupe d’emballage

Groupe d'embllage (ONU) Groupe d'embllage (IMDG) 14.5.

: III : III

Dangers pour l'environnement

Autres informations

: Pas d'informations supplémentaires disponibles.

14.6.

Précautions particulières à prendre par l’utilisateur

14.6.1.

Transport par voie terrestre

Danger n° (code Kemler)

: 80

Code de classification (ONU)

: C2

Panneaux oranges

:

Catégorie de transport (ADR)

: 3

Code de restriction concernant les tunnels

: E

Quantités limitées (ADR)

: 5kg

Quantités exceptées (ADR)

: E1

Code EAC

: 2X

14.6.2.

Transport maritime

Pas d'informations complémentaires disponibles 14.6.3.

Transport aérien

Pas d'informations complémentaires disponibles 14.7.

Transport en vrac conformément à l’annexe II de la convention MARPOL 73/78 et au recueil IBC

Non applicable

SECTION 15: Informations réglementaires 15.1.

Réglementations/législation particulières à la substance ou au mélange en matière de sécurité, de santé et d’environnement

15.1.1.

Réglementations EU

Pas de restrictions selon l'annexe XVII de REACH Ne contient pas de substance candidate REACH

15.1.2.

Directives nationales

Pas d'informations complémentaires disponibles 15.2.

Évaluation de la sécurité chimique

Pas d'informations complémentaires disponibles

SECTION 16: Autres informations

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Textes des phrases R-,H- et EUH:: Acute Tox. 4 (Oral) Eye Dam. 1 Met. Corr. 1 Skin Corr. 1A H290 H302 H314 H318 R22 R35 C Xn

Toxicité aiguë (par voie orale), Catégorie 4 Lésions oculaires graves/irritation oculaire, Catégorie 1 Corrosif pour les métaux, Catégorie 1 Corrosif/irritant pour la peau, Catégorie 1A Peut être corrosif pour les métaux Nocif en cas d'ingestion Provoque des brûlures de la peau et des lésions oculaires graves Provoque des lésions oculaires graves Nocif en cas d'ingestion Provoque de graves brûlures Corrosif Nocif

FDS UE (Annexe II REACH) AVIS DE NON RESPONSABILITÉ

Les informations contenues dans cette fiche proviennent de sources fiables. Elles sont établies sur la base de nos connaissances à la date de mise à jour indiquée. Elles ont pour but d’aider l’utilisateur et ne doivent pas être considérées comme une garantie. Les conditions ou méthodes de manutention, stockage, utilisation ou élimination du produit sont hors de notre contrôle et nous déclinons toute responsabilité en cas de perte, dommage ou frais occasionnés par ou liés à celles-ci. Toutes les substances ou mélanges peuvent présenter des dangers inconnus et doivent être utilisés avec prudence. Nous ne pouvons pas garantir que les dangers soient décrits de manière exhaustive. Cette fiche a été rédigée et doit être utilisée uniquement pour ce produit. Si le produit est utilisé en tant que composant d’un autre produit, les informations s’y trouvant peuvent ne pas être applicables. Cette fiche ne dispense, en aucun cas, l’utilisateur du produit de respecter l’ensemble des textes législatifs, réglementaires et administratifs relatifs au produit, à la sécurité, à l’hygiène et à la protection de la santé humaine et de l’environnement.

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Phosphonic Acid

9. EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT (and related risk characterisation) 9.0. Introduction 9.0.1. Overview of uses and Exposure Scenarios Tonnage information: Assessed tonnage: 350.0 tonnes/year based on: x 350.0 tonnes/year manufactured Tonnage supplied per market sector: Fertilizers, biocides (including in cleaning products) and plant protection products (PC 8: Biocidal Products (e.g. Disinfectants, pest control); PC 12: Fertilizers; PC 27: Plant Protection Products; PC 35: Washing and Cleaning Products (including solvent based products)): 350.0 tonnes/year General use: 350.0 tonnes/year The following table list all the exposure scenarios (ES) assessed in this CSR. Table 37. Overview of exposure scenarios and contributing scenarios Identifiers

ES1 - M1

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Market Sector

Titles of exposure scenarios and the related contributing scenarios

Tonnage (tonnes per year)

Manufacture - Manufacture 350.0 - Manufacture (ERC 1) - Manufacture of phosphonic acid solution in closed batch process (PROC 3) - Drying of phosphonic acid solution for purification (creation of solid) (PROC 4) - Drying of phosphonic acid solution for purification (concentration of liquid) (PROC 4) - Transfer of phosphonic acid solution to bulk, IBCs and/or drums (PROC 8b) - Transfer of solid phosphonic acid to bulk, IBCs and/or drums (PROC 8b) - Quality control of manufactured phosphonic acid solution (PROC 15) - Quality control of manufactured solid phosphonic acid (PROC 15) - Transfer of phosphonic acid solution to small container (PROC 9) - Transfer of solid phosphonic acid to small container (PROC 9) - Storage of phosphonic acid solution in closed container (PROC 2) - Storage of solid phosphonic acid in closed container (PROC 2) - Rinsing and draining of equipment and containers prior to cleaning and maintenance (phosphonic acid solution) (PROC 8a) - Emptying of equipment and containers prior to cleaning and maintenance (solid phosphonic acid) (PROC 8a) - Handling of contaminated equipment for the purpose of cleaning and maintenance (phosphonic acid solution) (PROC 13) - Handling of contaminated equipment for the purpose of cleaning and maintenance (solid phosphonic acid) (PROC 13) - Wiping of cleaned equipment (phosphonic acid solution) (PROC 10)

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Identifiers

Market Sector

Titles of exposure scenarios and the related contributing scenarios

Tonnage (tonnes per year)

- Wiping of cleaned equipment (solid phosphonic acid) (PROC 10) ES2 - F1

PC 8; PC Formulation - Formulation of fertilizers, biocides (including in 350.0 12; PC cleaning products) and plant protection products 27; PC 35 - Formulation of fertilizers, biocides (including in cleaning products) and plant protection products (ERC 2) - Storage of phosphonic acid solution or liquid fertilizer in closed container (PROC 2) - Storage of solid phosphonic acid or fertilizer in closed container (PROC 2) - Formulation of liquid fertilizer in closed batch process (PROC 3) - Formulation of solid fertilizer in closed batch process (PROC 3) - Drying of phosphonic acid solution for purification (concentration of liquid) (PROC 4) - Formulation of liquid fertilizer mixtures (PROC 5) - Formulation of solid fertilizer mixtures (PROC 5) - Transfer of phosphonic acid solution / liquid fertilizer from/to bulk, IBCs and/or drums (PROC 8b) - Transfer of solid phosphonic acid or fertilizer from/to bulk, IBCs and/or drums (PROC 8b) - Transfer of phosphonic acid solution / liquid fertilizer from/to small container (PROC 9) - Transfer of solid phosphonic acid or fertilizer from/to small container (PROC 9) - Rinsing and draining of equipment and containers prior to cleaning and maintenance (liquid fertilizer) (PROC 8a) - Emptying of equipment and containers prior to cleaning and maintenance (solid fertilizer) (PROC 8a) - Handling of contaminated equipment for the purpose of cleaning and maintenance (liquid fertilizer) (PROC 13) - Handling of contaminated equipment for the purpose of cleaning and maintenance (solid fertilizer) (PROC 13) - Wiping of cleaned equipment (liquid fertilizer) (PROC 10) - Wiping of cleaned equipment (solid fertilizer) (PROC 10) - Treatment or coating of seed with liquid fertilizer (PROC 13) - Production of solid fertilizer pellets (PROC 14) - Quality control of received phosphonic acid solution or liquid fertilizer (PROC 15) - Quality control of received solid phosphonic acid or solid fertilizer (PROC 15)

ES3 - PW1

PC 8; PC Use by professional worker - Professional use of fertilizers 1400.0 12; PC - Professional use of fertilizers (ERC 8d) 27; PC 35 - Storage of liquid fertilizer in closed container (PROC 2) - Storage of solid fertilizer in closed container (PROC 2) - Use of liquid fertilizer in greenhouse irrigation systems prior to application (PROC 2) - Mixing and/or diluting liquid fertilizer by end-user (PROC 5) - Mixing and/or diluting solid fertilizer by end-user (PROC 5) - Transfer of liquid fertilizer from bulk, IBCs and/or drums (PROC 8a) - Transfer of solid fertilizer from bulk, IBCs and/or drums (PROC 8a) - Transfer of liquid fertilizer through dedicated pipes at open field (PROC 8b) - Transfer of small quantities of liquid fertilizer (PROC 9) - Transfer of small quantities of solid fertilizer (PROC 9) - Spraying of liquid fertilizer (PROC 11)

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Identifiers

Market Sector

Titles of exposure scenarios and the related contributing scenarios

Tonnage (tonnes per year)

- Rinsing and draining of equipment and containers prior to cleaning and maintenance (liquid fertilizer) (PROC 8a) - Emptying of equipment and containers prior to cleaning and maintenance (solid fertilizer) (PROC 8a) - Handling of contaminated equipment for the purpose of cleaning and maintenance (liquid fertilizer) (PROC 13) - Handling of contaminated equipment for the purpose of cleaning and maintenance (solid fertilizer) (PROC 13) - Wiping of cleaned equipment (liquid fertilizer) (PROC 10) - Wiping of cleaned equipment (solid fertilizer) (PROC 10) - Treatment of objects with fertilizer, such as seeds and soil (PROC 13) - Hand-mixing of liquid fertilizer for non-automated use (PROC 19) - Hand-mixing of solid fertilizer for non-automated use (PROC 19) - Handling of solid fertilizer (PROC 26) ES4 - C1

PC 8; PC Consumer Use - Consumer use of fertilizers 350.0 12; PC - Consumer use of fertilizers (ERC 8d) 27; PC 35 - Consumer use of liquid fertilizers containing phosphonic acid (PC 12) - Consumer use of solid fertilizers containing phosphonic acid (PC 12)

ES5 - F2

-

Formulation - General formulation 350.0 - General formulation (ERC 2) - Storage of phosphonic acid solution or liquid mixture in closed container (PROC 2) - Storage of solid phosphonic acid in closed container (PROC 2) - Drying of product for purification (concentration of liquid) (PROC 4) - Formulation of liquid mixtures for the purpose of use other than fertilizing (non-SCC) (PROC 5) - Transfer of phosphonic acid solution or liquid mixture from/to bulk, IBCs and/or drums (PROC 8b) - Transfer of solid phosphonic acid from bulk, IBCs and/or drums (PROC 8b) - Transfer of phosphonic acid solution or liquid mixture from/to small container (PROC 9) - Transfer of solid phosphonic acid from small container (PROC 9) - Rinsing and draining of equipment and containers prior to cleaning and maintenance (phosphonic acid solution or mixture) (PROC 8a) - Handling of contaminated equipment for the purpose of cleaning and maintenance (PROC 13) - Wiping of cleaned equipment (PROC 10) - Quality control of phosphonic acid solution or liquid mixture (PROC 15) - Quality control of solid phosphonic acid (PROC 15)

ES6 - IW1

-

Use at industrial site - Industrial use as intermediate (non-SCC) - Industrial use as intermediate (non-SCC) (ERC 6a) - Storage of liquid intermediate in closed container (PROC 2) - Storage of solid intermediate in closed container (PROC 2) - Transfer of liquid intermediate to closed system (PROC 8a) - Transfer of solid intermediate to closed system (PROC 8a) - Use as intermediate in production of other substances (closed system) (PROC 1)

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350.0

60

Phosphonic Acid

Identifiers

Market Sector

Titles of exposure scenarios and the related contributing scenarios

Tonnage (tonnes per year)

- Use as intermediate in production of other substances (closed batch process) (PROC 3) - Use as intermediate in production of other substances (batch process) (PROC 4) - Mixing of liquid intermediate with other substances (PROC 5) - Mixing of solid intermediate with other substances (PROC 5) - Transfer of reaction product from production system to vessel / container (PROC 8b) - Transfer of reaction product from production system to vessel / container (small quantities) (PROC 9) - Rinsing and draining of equipment and containers prior to -cleaning and maintenance (PROC 8a) - Handling of contaminated equipment for the purpose of cleaning and maintenance (PROC 13) - Wiping of cleaned equipment (PROC 10) - Quality control of liquid intermediate (PROC 15) - Quality control of solid intermediate (PROC 15) ES7 - IW2

-

Use at industrial site - Industrial use as (reactive) processing aid 350.0 (such as catalysts) - Industrial use as (reactive) processing aid (such as catalysts) (ERC 4) - Use in production of other substances (closed system) (PROC 1) - Storage in closed container (PROC 2) - Use in a closed batch process for synthesis or formulation (PROC 3) - Use in a batch process for synthesis (PROC 4) - Mixing in batch process (PROC 5) - Transfer through man-hole (PROC 8a) - Transfer from/to closed system (PROC 8b) - Transfer of small quantities (PROC 9) - Rinsing and draining of equipment and containers prior to cleaning and maintenance (PROC 8a) - Handling of contaminated equipment for the purpose of cleaning and maintenance (PROC 13) - Wiping of cleaned equipment (PROC 10) - Quality control (PROC 15)

ES8 - PW2

-

Use by professional worker - Professional use as (reactive) 350.0 processing aid (such as catalysts) - Professional use as (reactive) processing aid (such as catalysts) (ERC 8a) - Storage in closed container (PROC 2) - Transfer to mixing vessel (PROC 8a) - Introduction in a reactor to use as a processing aid (PROC 4) - Mixing of processing aid in batch process (PROC 5) - Transfer of small quantities (PROC 9) - Rinsing and draining of equipment and containers prior to cleaning and maintenance (PROC 8a) - Handling of contaminated equipment for the purpose of cleaning and maintenance (PROC 13) - Wiping of cleaned equipment (PROC 10)

Manufacture: M-#, Formulation: F-#, Industrial end use at site: IW-#, Professional end use: PW-#, Consumer end use: C-#, Service life (by workers in industrial site): SL-IW-#, Service life (by professional workers): SL-PW-#, Service life (by consumers): SL-C-#.)

9.0.2. Introduction to the assessment

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9.0.2.1. Environment Scope and type of assessment The scope of exposure assessment and type of risk characterisation required for the environment are described in the following table based on the hazard conclusions presented in section 7. Table 38. Type of risk characterisation required for the environment Protection target

Type of risk characterisation

Hazard conclusion (see section 7)

Freshwater

Quantitative

PNEC aqua (freshwater) = 153 μg/L

Sediment (freshwater)

Not needed

No hazard identified

Marine water

Quantitative

PNEC aqua (marine water) = 15.3 μg/L

Sediment (marine water)

Not needed

No hazard identified

Sewage treatment plant

Not needed

No data: aquatic toxicity unlikely

Air

Not needed

No hazard identified

Agricultural soil

Qualitative testing proposal

No or insufficient data available at present

Predator

Not needed

No potential for bioaccumulation

Comments on assessment approach: The regional concentrations are reported in section 10.2.1.2 (see Table 141, “Predicted regional exposure concentrations (Regional PEC)”). The local Predicted Exposure Concentrations (PECs) reported for each contributing scenario correspond to the sum of the local concentrations (Clocal) and the regional concentrations (PEC regional). Phosphonic acid is an inorganic substance and therefore information on among other log Kow and ready biodegradability are not available for this substance. However this information is required for the environmental exposure assessment and risk characterisation using EUSES / Chesar. Therefore the following information was used for this purpose: • Log Kow = -1 (the minimum value accepted by EUSES) •Biodegradability: Under test conditions no biodegradation observed Information from the so-called A- and B-tables, as included in Appendix 1 of the EU Technical Guidance Document on Risk Assessment 2003 Part II, was used to refine the assessments. For fertilizer uses, the tables for agricultural industry (IC = 1) were used. For other uses, the tables for chemicals used in synthesis (IC = 3) were used. The exact table applied for each use is mentioned in the relevant contributing scenario. For each industrial downstream use (formulation of fertilisers and other mixtures, and industrial use of fertilisers, as an intermediate or as a processing aid) the maximum volume per site leading to safe use under the conditions of that contributing scenario was determined. For these industrial sites, the STP discharge rate and receiving surface water flow rate were refined based on the Exposure scenario for IC3 (Chemicals used in synthesis), as included in the Technical Guidance Document on Risk Assessment 2003, part IV. According to this exposure scenario, for substances being used in chemical industry, IC2 and IC3, the parameters of the default local aquatic exposure scenario can be altered as follows: • Effluent discharge rate of STP EFFLUENTSTP = 10,000 m3/d. • Dilution at the point of complete mixing DILUTION = 40. 9.0.2.2. Man via environment The substance is manufactured at less than 1000 tonnes/year and is not classified R48, STOT RE or CMR. Therefore, in accordance with CSR guidance R16, the assessment of indirect exposure of man via environment is not required. 9.0.2.3. Workers Scope and type of assessment

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Phosphonic Acid The scope of exposure assessment and type of risk characterisation required for workers are described in the following table based on the hazard conclusions presented in section 5.11. Table 39. Type of risk characterisation required for workers Route

Type of effect

Type of risk characterisation

Systemic Long Term Quantitative Inhalatio Systemic Acute n Local Long Term Local Acute

Dermal

Eye

Hazard conclusion (see section 5.11) DNEL (Derived No Effect Level) = 2.94 mg/m³

Not needed

No hazard identified

Not needed

No hazard identified

Qualitative

High hazard (no threshold derived)

Systemic Long Term Quantitative

DNEL (Derived No Effect Level) = 0.83 mg/kg bw/day

Systemic Acute

Not needed

No hazard identified

Local Long Term

Not needed

No hazard identified

Local Acute

Qualitative

High hazard (no threshold derived)

Local

Qualitative

High hazard (no threshold derived)

Comments on assessment approach related to toxicological hazard: Worker exposure estimates were made using Tier 1 and 2 tools. All dermal assessments were performed using ECETOC TRA worker v3.0. For the inhalation assessments also primarily the ECETOC TRA worker v3.0 tool was used. For the scenarios that remained unsafe for the inhalation route using this Tier 1 tool, the exposure assessment was refined using the higher Tier Advanced REACH Tool (ART) v1.5. More specifically for PROC26 (handling of inorganic materials) the MEASE model was used, while for dermal exposure in PROC11 (professional spraying of fertilizer) the Riskofderm model was used. For PROC19 (hand-mixing of fertilizer; professional use) a linear concentration correction was applied (deviation from standard ECETOC TRA factor in line with the ART model) for the inhalation and dermal route to be able to demonstrate safe use. Comments on assessment approach related to physicochemical hazard: There is no physicochemical hazard of phosphonic hazard, other than its corrosivity to metals. This effect is considered to be covered by the risk assessment of the corrosiveness to skin/eye/respiratory tract. General information on risk management related to toxicological hazard: The following risk management measures are required to work safely with the corrosive substance phosphonic acid, based on its high hazard (reference: ECHA Guidance on Information Requirements and Chemical Safety Assessment Part E Risk Characterisation). Organisational measures: - Any measure to eliminate exposure should be considered; - Very high level of containment required, except for short term exposures e.g. taking samples; - Design closed system to allow for easy maintenance; - If possible keep equipment under negative pressure; - Control staff entry to work area; - Ensure all equipment well maintained; - Permit to work for maintenance work; - Regular cleaning of equipment and work area; - Management/supervision in place to check that the RMMs in place are being used correctly and OCs followed; - Training for staff on good practice; - Procedures and training for emergency decontamination and disposal; - Good standard of personal hygiene - Recording of any 'near miss' situations - Sensitizers - Without prejudice to relevant national legislation, pre-employment screening and appropriate health surveillance Personal protective equipment:

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Phosphonic Acid - Substance/task appropriate respirator (deviation from guidance document); - Face shield; - Substance/task appropriate gloves; - Full skin coverage with appropriate barrier material; - Chemical goggles. It is assumed that specific activity training is feasible for professionals using phosphonic acid products. Which personal protective equipment is considered appropriate is to be documented in the relevant sections of the safety data sheet. General information on risk management related to physicochemical hazard: There are no risk management measures required as phosphonic acid has no physicochemical hazard within the boundaries of the identified uses. 9.0.2.4. Consumers Scope and type of assessment The scope of exposure assessment and type of risk characterisation required for consumers are described in the following table based on the hazard conclusions presented in section 5.11. Table 40. Type of risk characterisation required for consumers Route

Type of effect

Type of risk characterisation

Systemic Long Term Quantitative Inhalatio Systemic Acute n Local Long Term Local Acute

Dermal

Eye Oral

Hazard conclusion (see section 5.11) DNEL (Derived No Effect Level) = 0.72 mg/m³

Not needed

No hazard identified

Not needed

No hazard identified

Qualitative

High hazard (no threshold derived)

Systemic Long Term Quantitative

DNEL (Derived No Effect Level) = 0.42 mg/kg bw/day

Systemic Acute

Not needed

No hazard identified

Local Long Term

Not needed

No hazard identified

Local Acute

Qualitative

High hazard (no threshold derived)

Local

Qualitative

High hazard (no threshold derived)

Systemic Long Term Quantitative

DNEL (Derived No Effect Level) = 0.42 mg/kg bw/day

Comments on assessment approach: The consumer use of fertilizer was considered not to take place on working days and therefore there is no need to add up RCRs for worker and consumer. To estimate the consumer exposure due to use of phosphonic acid as a fertilizer, the Consexpo scenario Pest control products – Sprays – General surface was used. As no information was available with respect to the weight fraction of PA in the product, several weight fractions were used to find the maximum weight fraction for safe use. The maximum weight fraction was found to be 78%, for which the exposure estimate is documented here. The scenario was adjusted by setting the total exposure time equal to the application time (60 minutes), as the actual use as a fertilizer will be outdoor, while Consexpo uses indoor scenarios. For the same reason, ventilation rate was set to 1. No distinction could be made between liquids or solids. When the product would be mixed/loaded, this distinction can be calculated by Consexpo. The conditions of use were included in this CSR where a deviation from the default scenario in Consexpo was made.

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9.1. Exposure scenario 1: Manufacture – Manufacture of phosphonic acid Environment contributing scenario(s): Manufacture of phosphonic acid

ERC 1

Worker contributing scenario(s): Manufacture of phosphonic acid solution in closed batch process

PROC 3

Drying of phosphonic acid solution for purification (creation of solid)

PROC 4

Drying of phosphonic acid solution for purification (concentration of liquid)

PROC 4

Transfer of phosphonic acid solution to bulk, IBCs and/or drums

PROC 8b

Transfer of solid phosphonic acid to bulk, IBCs and/or drums

PROC 8b

Quality control of manufactured phosphonic acid solution

PROC 15

Quality control of manufactured solid phosphonic acid

PROC 15

Transfer of phosphonic acid solution to small container

PROC 9

Transfer of solid phosphonic acid to small container

PROC 9

Storage of phosphonic acid solution in closed container

PROC 2

Storage of solid phosphonic acid in closed container

PROC 2

Rinsing and draining of equipment and containers prior to cleaning and maintenance (phosphonic acid solution)

PROC 8a

Emptying of equipment and containers prior to cleaning and maintenance (solid phosphonic acid)

PROC 8a

Handling of contaminated equipment for the purpose of cleaning and maintenance (phosphonic acid solution)

PROC 13

Handling of contaminated equipment for the purpose of cleaning and maintenance (solid PROC 13 phosphonic acid) Wiping of cleaned equipment (phosphonic acid solution)

PROC 10

Wiping of cleaned equipment (solid phosphonic acid)

PROC 10

9.1.1. Environmental contributing scenario 1: Manufacture of phosphonic acid 9.1.1.1. Conditions of use Amount used, frequency and duration of use (or from service life) • Daily use at site: = 1.8E4 m3/d 9.1.1.2. Releases The local releases to the environment are reported in the following table. Table 41. Local releases to the environment Release

Release factor estimation method

Explanation / Justification

Water

Release factor

Initial release factor: 2% Final release factor: 2% Local release rate: 2.91 kg/day Explanation / Justification: EU Technical Guidance Document on Risk Assessment 2003. Part II, Appendix 1, Table A1.1 (25%

TRA Worker v3

Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: < 8 hours

TRA Worker v3

Technical and organisational conditions and measures • General ventilation: Basic general ventilation (1-3 air changes per hour)

TRA Worker v3

• Containment: Semi-closed process with occasional controlled exposure

TRA Worker v3

• Local exhaust ventilation: no [Effectiveness Inhal: 0%]

TRA Worker v3

• Occupational Health and Safety Management System: Advanced

TRA Worker v3

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation • Dermal Protection: Yes (chemically resistant gloves conforming to EN374 with basic employee training) [Effectiveness Dermal: 90%]

TRA Worker v3

• Respiratory Protection: Yes (Respirator with APF of 10) [Effectiveness Inhal: 90%]

TRA Worker v3

Other conditions affecting workers exposure • Place of use: Indoor

TRA Worker v3

• Process temperature (for liquid): 25%

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: < 8 hours

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Technical and organisational conditions and measures • General ventilation: Basic general ventilation (1-3 air changes per hour)

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Containment: Semi-closed process with occasional controlled exposure

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Local exhaust ventilation: no [Effectiveness Inhal: 0%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Occupational Health and Safety Management System: Advanced

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation • Dermal Protection: Yes (chemically resistant gloves conforming to EN374 with basic employee training) [Effectiveness Dermal: 90%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Respiratory Protection: Yes (Respirator with APF of 10) [Effectiveness Inhal: 90%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Other conditions affecting workers exposure • Place of use: Indoor

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Process temperature (for solid): Ambient

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Skin surface potentially exposed: Two hands face (480 cm2)

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

9.1.10.2. Exposure and risks for workers The exposure concentrations and risk characterisation ratios (RCR) are reported in the following table. Table 51. Exposure concentrations and risks for workers Route of exposure and type of Exposure concentration effects

Risk characterisation

Inhalation, systemic, long-term

RCR < 0.01

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Route of exposure and type of Exposure concentration effects

Risk characterisation

Inhalation, local, acute

Qualitative (see below)

Dermal, systemic, long-term

0.686 mg/kg bw/day (External Tool (TRA RCR = 0.826 Worker v3))

Dermal, local, acute

Qualitative (see below)

Eye, local

Qualitative (see below)

Combined routes, systemic, long-term

RCR = 0.83

Conclusion on risk characterisation Qualitative risk characterisation: Where direct contact with the substance may occur, substance task appropriate respirator is required for substance concentrations above 5% and gloves and face shield are required for working with substance concentrations above 1%. Quantitative risk characterisation: Risk is controlled, as the combined dermal and inhalation RCR for long term systemic effects is below 1.

9.1.11. Worker contributing scenario 10: Storage of phosphonic acid solution in closed container (PROC 2) 9.1.11.1. Conditions of use Method Product (article) characteristics • Concentration of substance in mixture: >25%

TRA Worker v3

Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: < 8 hours

TRA Worker v3

Technical and organisational conditions and measures • General ventilation: Basic general ventilation (1-3 air changes per hour)

TRA Worker v3

• Containment: Closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure

TRA Worker v3

• Local exhaust ventilation: no [Effectiveness Inhal: 0%]

TRA Worker v3

• Occupational Health and Safety Management System: Advanced

TRA Worker v3

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation • Dermal Protection: Yes (chemically resistant gloves conforming to EN374 with basic employee training) [Effectiveness Dermal: 90%]

TRA Worker v3

• Respiratory Protection: Yes (Respirator with APF of 10) [Effectiveness Inhal: 90%]

TRA Worker v3

Other conditions affecting workers exposure • Place of use: Indoor

TRA Worker v3

• Process temperature (for liquid): 25%

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: < 8 hours

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Technical and organisational conditions and measures • General ventilation: Basic general ventilation (1-3 air changes per hour)

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Containment: Closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Local exhaust ventilation: no [Effectiveness Inhal: 0%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Occupational Health and Safety Management System: Advanced

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation • Dermal Protection: Yes (chemically resistant gloves conforming to EN374 with basic employee training) [Effectiveness Dermal: 90%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Respiratory Protection: Yes (Respirator with APF of 10) [Effectiveness Inhal: 90%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Other conditions affecting workers exposure • Place of use: Indoor

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Process temperature (for solid): Ambient

External Tool (TRA

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Method Worker v3) • Skin surface potentially exposed: Two hands face (480 cm2)

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

9.1.12.2. Exposure and risks for workers The exposure concentrations and risk characterisation ratios (RCR) are reported in the following table. Table 53. Exposure concentrations and risks for workers Route of exposure and type of Exposure concentration effects Inhalation, systemic, long-term

0.001 mg/m³ (External Tool (TRA Worker RCR < 0.01 v3))

Inhalation, local, acute Dermal, systemic, long-term

Risk characterisation

Qualitative (see below) 0.137 mg/kg bw/day (External Tool (TRA RCR = 0.165 Worker v3))

Dermal, local, acute

Qualitative (see below)

Eye, local

Qualitative (see below)

Combined routes, systemic, long-term

RCR = 0.166

Conclusion on risk characterisation Qualitative risk characterisation: Where direct contact with the substance may occur, substance task appropriate respirator is required for substance concentrations above 5% and gloves and face shield are required for working with substance concentrations above 1%. Quantitative risk characterisation: Risk is controlled, as the combined dermal and inhalation RCR for long term systemic effects is below 1.

9.1.13. Worker contributing scenario 12: Rinsing and draining of equipment and containers prior to cleaning and maintenance (phosphonic acid solution) (PROC 8a) 9.1.13.1. Conditions of use Method Product (article) characteristics • Concentration of substance in mixture: >25%

TRA Worker v3

Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: < 8 hours

TRA Worker v3

Technical and organisational conditions and measures • General ventilation: Basic general ventilation (1-3 air changes per hour)

TRA Worker v3

• Containment: No

TRA Worker v3

• Local exhaust ventilation: no [Effectiveness Inhal: 0%]

TRA Worker v3

• Occupational Health and Safety Management System: Advanced

TRA Worker v3

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation • Dermal Protection: Yes (chemically resistant gloves conforming to EN374 with specific activity training) [Effectiveness Dermal: 95%]

TRA Worker v3

• Respiratory Protection: Yes (Respirator with APF of 10) [Effectiveness Inhal:

TRA Worker v3

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Method 90%] Other conditions affecting workers exposure • Place of use: Indoor

TRA Worker v3

• Process temperature (for liquid): 25%

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: < 8 hours

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Technical and organisational conditions and measures • General ventilation: Basic general ventilation (1-3 air changes per hour)

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Containment: No

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

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Method • Local exhaust ventilation: no [Effectiveness Inhal: 0%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Occupational Health and Safety Management System: Advanced

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation • Dermal Protection (including APF50): Yes (chemically resistant gloves External Tool (TRA conforming to EN374 with specific activity training) [Effectiveness Dermal: 95%] Worker v3) • Respiratory Protection: Yes (Respirator with APF of 10) [Effectiveness Inhal: 90%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Other conditions affecting workers exposure • Place of use: Indoor

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Process temperature (for solid): Ambient

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Skin surface potentially exposed: Two hands (960 cm2)

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

9.1.14.2. Exposure and risks for workers The exposure concentrations and risk characterisation ratios (RCR) are reported in the following table. Table 55. Exposure concentrations and risks for workers Route of exposure and type of Exposure concentration effects

Risk characterisation

Inhalation, systemic, long-term

RCR = 0.017

0.05 mg/m³ (External Tool (TRA Worker v3))

Inhalation, local, acute Dermal, systemic, long-term

Qualitative (see below) 0.686 mg/kg bw/day (External Tool (TRA RCR = 0.826 Worker v3))

Dermal, local, acute

Qualitative (see below)

Eye, local

Qualitative (see below)

Combined routes, systemic, long-term

RCR = 0.843

Conclusion on risk characterisation Qualitative risk characterisation: Where direct contact with the substance may occur, substance task appropriate respirator is required for substance concentrations above 5% and gloves and face shield are required for working with substance concentrations above 1%. Quantitative risk characterisation: Risk is controlled, as the combined dermal and inhalation RCR for long term systemic effects is below 1.

9.1.15. Worker contributing scenario 14: Handling of contaminated equipment for the purpose of cleaning and maintenance (phosphonic acid solution) (PROC 13) 9.1.15.1. Conditions of use Method Product (article) characteristics

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80

Phosphonic Acid

Method • Concentration of substance in mixture: >25%

TRA Worker v3

Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: < 8 hours

TRA Worker v3

Technical and organisational conditions and measures • General ventilation: Basic general ventilation (1-3 air changes per hour)

TRA Worker v3

• Containment: No

TRA Worker v3

• Local exhaust ventilation: no [Effectiveness Inhal: 0%]

TRA Worker v3

• Occupational Health and Safety Management System: Advanced

TRA Worker v3

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation • Dermal Protection: Yes (chemically resistant gloves conforming to EN374 with specific activity training) [Effectiveness Dermal: 95%]

TRA Worker v3

• Respiratory Protection: Yes (Respirator with APF of 10) [Effectiveness Inhal: 90%]

TRA Worker v3

Other conditions affecting workers exposure • Place of use: Indoor

TRA Worker v3

• Process temperature (for liquid): 25%

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: < 8 hours

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Technical and organisational conditions and measures • General ventilation: Basic general ventilation (1-3 air changes per hour)

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Containment: No

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Local exhaust ventilation: no [Effectiveness Inhal: 0%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Occupational Health and Safety Management System: Advanced

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation • Dermal Protection: Yes (chemically resistant gloves conforming to EN374 with specific activity training) [Effectiveness Dermal: 95%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Respiratory Protection: Yes (Respirator with APF of 10) [Effectiveness Inhal: 90%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Other conditions affecting workers exposure • Place of use: Indoor

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Process temperature (for solid): Ambient

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Skin surface potentially exposed: Two hands face (480 cm2)

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

9.1.16.2. Exposure and risks for workers The exposure concentrations and risk characterisation ratios (RCR) are reported in the following table. Table 57. Exposure concentrations and risks for workers Route of exposure and type of Exposure concentration effects

Risk characterisation

Inhalation, systemic, long-term

RCR < 0.01

0.01 mg/m³ (External Tool (TRA Worker v3))

Inhalation, local, acute Dermal, systemic, long-term

Qualitative (see below) 0.686 mg/kg bw/day (External Tool (TRA RCR = 0.826 Worker v3))

Dermal, local, acute

Qualitative (see below)

Eye, local

Qualitative (see below)

Combined routes, systemic, long-term

RCR = 0.83

Conclusion on risk characterisation Qualitative risk characterisation: Where direct contact with the substance may occur, substance task appropriate respirator is required for substance

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82

Phosphonic Acid concentrations above 5% and gloves and face shield are required for working with substance concentrations above 1%. Quantitative risk characterisation: Risk is controlled, as the combined dermal and inhalation RCR for long term systemic effects is below 1.

9.1.17. Worker contributing scenario 16: Wiping of cleaned equipment (phosphonic acid solution) (PROC 10) 9.1.17.1. Conditions of use Method Product (article) characteristics • Concentration of substance in mixture: 1-5%

TRA Worker v3 External Tool (ART v1.5)

• Substance product type: Liquids

External Tool (ART v1.5)

• Viscosity: Liquids with low viscosity (like water)

External Tool (ART v1.5)

Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: < 8 hours

TRA Worker v3 External Tool (ART v1.5)

Technical and organisational conditions and measures • Containment: No

TRA Worker v3

• Occupational Health and Safety Management System: Advanced

TRA Worker v3

• Surface Contamination/Fugitive Emission Sources: The process is not fully External Tool (ART v1.5) enclosed or the integrity of that enclosure is not regularly monitored but demonstrable and effective housekeeping practices are in place (Demonstrable and effective housekeeping practices (examples include daily cleaning using appropriate methods (eg vacuum), preventive maintenance of machinery and control measures, and use of protective clothing that will repel spills and reduce personal cloud).) • Dispersion - Indoors: Ventilation rate of the general ventilation system in the work External Tool (ART v1.5) area: 3 ACH (ACH = air changes per hour.) Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation • Dermal Protection: Yes (chemically resistant gloves conforming to EN374 with specific activity training) [Effectiveness Dermal: 95%]

TRA Worker v3

Other conditions affecting workers exposure • Skin surface potentially exposed: Two hands (960 cm2)

TRA Worker v3

• Activity Class: Spreading of liquid products (Activities where a liquid product is External Tool (ART v1.5) directly spread on surfaces using e.g. a roller, brush or wipe.) • Spreading of Liquid Products - Activity: Spreading of liquids at surfaces or work External Tool (ART v1.5) pieces > 3 m² / hour (Examples: Painting of walls or ships Removing (large) graffiti Cleaning of oil residue from bulk tanks) • Dispersion - Indoor: Room size of the work area: Any size workroom

External Tool (ART v1.5)

• Process temperature (for liquid): 3 m² (Examples: Tank dipping)

External Tool (ART v1.5)

• Activity Class: Transfer of liquid products - Falling liquids (Activities where a External Tool (ART v1.5) stream of liquid product is transferred from one reservoir to the next. The stream may either fall or glide from high to a lower point (falling liquids) or is transferred with pressure (pressurized transfer: e.g. bottom loading).) Duration of activity: 60 minutes/day (total duration: 8 hours/day). This activity is considered to take place inside the breathing zone of the worker (near field exposure). • Falling Liquids - Activity: Transfer of liquid product with flow of: 100 - 1000 l/minute (Examples: Filling of drums)

External Tool (ART v1.5)

• Falling Liquids - Level of containment of the process: Open process

External Tool (ART v1.5)

• Transfer Loading Type: Splash loading, where the liquid dispenser remains at the External Tool (ART v1.5) top of the reservoir and the liquid splashes freely • Dispersion - Indoor: Room size of the work area: Any size workroom

External Tool (ART v1.5)

• Process temperature (for liquid): 25%

TRA Worker v3 External Tool (ART v1.5)

• Substance product type: Liquids

External Tool (ART v1.5)

• Viscosity: Liquids with low viscosity (like water)

External Tool (ART v1.5)

• Vapour pressure at elevated temperature: < 1.4 Pa External Tool (ART v1.5) The vapour pressure at elevated temperature was calculated using the Clausius-Clapeyron Equation, the vapour pressure at 20 °C and the boiling point of 258 °C (at the atmospheric pressure of 1013 hPa). Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: < 8 hours

TRA Worker v3 External Tool (ART v1.5)

Technical and organisational conditions and measures • Containment: No

TRA Worker v3

• Occupational Health and Safety Management System: Advanced

TRA Worker v3

• Surface Contamination/Fugitive Emission Sources: The process is not fully External Tool (ART v1.5) enclosed or the integrity of that enclosure is not regularly monitored but demonstrable and effective housekeeping practices are in place (Demonstrable and effective housekeeping practices (examples include daily cleaning using appropriate methods (eg vacuum), preventive maintenance of machinery and control measures, and use of protective clothing that will repel spills and reduce personal cloud).) • Dispersion - Indoors: Ventilation rate of the general ventilation system in the work External Tool (ART v1.5) area: 3 ACH (ACH = air changes per hour.) Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation

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94

Phosphonic Acid

Method • Dermal Protection: Yes (chemically resistant gloves conforming to EN374 with specific activity training) [Effectiveness Dermal: 95%]

TRA Worker v3

• Respiratory Protection: Yes (Respirator with APF of 20) [Effectiveness Inhal: 95%]

External Tool (ART v1.5)

Other conditions affecting workers exposure • Skin surface potentially exposed: Two hands face (480 cm2)

TRA Worker v3

• Activity Class: Activities with open liquid surfaces or open reservoirs - Activities External Tool (ART v1.5) with agitated surfaces (Handling of a liquid product in a bath or other reservoir. The liquid may either be relatively undisturbed (e.g. manual stirring, dipping in bath) or agitated (e.g. gas bubbling, mechanical mixing in vessel).) • Open Surface: Surface > 3 m² (Examples: Tank dipping)

External Tool (ART v1.5)

• Dispersion - Indoor: Room size of the work area: Any size workroom

External Tool (ART v1.5)

• Process temperature (for liquid): 25%

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: < 8 hours

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Technical and organisational conditions and measures • General ventilation: Basic general ventilation (1-3 air changes per hour)

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Containment: No

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Local exhaust ventilation: no [Effectiveness Inhal: 0%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Occupational Health and Safety Management System: Advanced

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation • Dermal Protection (including APF50): Yes (chemically resistant gloves External Tool (TRA conforming to EN374 with specific activity training) [Effectiveness Dermal: 95%] Worker v3) • Respiratory Protection: Yes (Respirator with APF of 10) [Effectiveness Inhal: 90%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Other conditions affecting workers exposure • Place of use: Indoor

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Process temperature (for solid): Ambient

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Skin surface potentially exposed: Two hands face (480 cm2)

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

9.2.8.2. Exposure and risks for workers The exposure concentrations and risk characterisation ratios (RCR) are reported in the following table. Table 68. Exposure concentrations and risks for workers Route of exposure and type of Exposure concentration effects

Risk characterisation

Inhalation, systemic, long-term

RCR = 0.017

0.05 mg/m³ (External Tool (TRA Worker v3))

Inhalation, local, acute Dermal, systemic, long-term

Qualitative (see below) 0.686 mg/kg bw/day (External Tool (TRA RCR = 0.826 Worker v3))

Dermal, local, acute

Qualitative (see below)

Eye, local

Qualitative (see below)

Combined routes, systemic, long-term

RCR = 0.843

Conclusion on risk characterisation Qualitative risk characterisation: Where direct contact with the substance may occur, substance task appropriate respirator is required for substance

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96

Phosphonic Acid concentrations above 5% and gloves and face shield are required for working with substance concentrations above 1%. Quantitative risk characterisation: Risk is controlled, as the combined dermal and inhalation RCR for long term systemic effects is below 1.

9.2.9. Worker contributing scenario 8: Transfer of phosphonic acid solution / liquid fertilizer from/to bulk, IBCs and/or drums (PROC 8b) 9.2.9.1. Conditions of use Method Product (article) characteristics • Concentration of substance in mixture: >25%

TRA Worker v3 External Tool (ART v1.5)

• Substance product type: Liquids

External Tool (ART v1.5)

• Viscosity: Liquids with low viscosity (like water)

External Tool (ART v1.5)

• Vapour pressure at elevated temperature: < 1.4 Pa External Tool (ART v1.5) The vapour pressure at elevated temperature was calculated using the Clausius-Clapeyron Equation, the vapour pressure at 20 °C and the boiling point of 258 °C (at the atmospheric pressure of 1013 hPa). Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: < 8 hours

TRA Worker v3 External Tool (ART v1.5)

Technical and organisational conditions and measures • Containment: Semi-closed process with occasional controlled exposure

TRA Worker v3

• Occupational Health and Safety Management System: Advanced

TRA Worker v3

• Surface Contamination/Fugitive Emission Sources: The process is not fully External Tool (ART v1.5) enclosed or the integrity of that enclosure is not regularly monitored but demonstrable and effective housekeeping practices are in place (Demonstrable and effective housekeeping practices (examples include daily cleaning using appropriate methods (eg vacuum), preventive maintenance of machinery and control measures, and use of protective clothing that will repel spills and reduce personal cloud).) • Dispersion - Indoors: Ventilation rate of the general ventilation system in the work External Tool (ART v1.5) area: No restriction on general ventilation characteristics Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation • Dermal Protection: Yes (chemically resistant gloves conforming to EN374 with specific activity training) [Effectiveness Dermal: 95%]

TRA Worker v3

• Respiratory Protection: Yes (Respirator with APF of 10) [Effectiveness Inhal: 90%]

External Tool (ART v1.5)

Other conditions affecting workers exposure • Skin surface potentially exposed: Two hands (960 cm2)

TRA Worker v3

• Activity Class: Transfer of liquid products - Falling liquids (Activities where a External Tool (ART v1.5) stream of liquid product is transferred from one reservoir to the next. The stream may either fall or glide from high to a lower point (falling liquids) or is transferred with pressure (pressurized transfer: e.g. bottom loading).) • Falling Liquids - Activity: Transfer of liquid product with flow of: 100 - 1000 l/minute (Examples: Filling of drums)

External Tool (ART v1.5)

• Falling Liquids - Level of containment of the process: Handling that reduces External Tool (ART v1.5) contact between product and adjacent air (Note: This does not include processes that are fully contained by localised controls (see next questions). Example situation: Transfer of liquid through a small filling opening (e.g. refuelling of vehicles) )

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97

Phosphonic Acid

Method • Transfer Loading Type: Submerged loading, where the liquid dispenser remains below the fluid level reducing the amount of aerosol formation

External Tool (ART v1.5)

• Dispersion - Indoor: Room size of the work area: Any size workroom

External Tool (ART v1.5)

• Process temperature (for liquid): 25%

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: < 8 hours

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External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

CHEMICAL SAFETY REPORT

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98

Phosphonic Acid

Method Technical and organisational conditions and measures • General ventilation: Basic general ventilation (1-3 air changes per hour)

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Containment: Semi-closed process with occasional controlled exposure

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Local exhaust ventilation: no [Effectiveness Inhal: 0%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Occupational Health and Safety Management System: Advanced

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation • Dermal Protection: Yes (chemically resistant gloves conforming to EN374 with specific activity training) [Effectiveness Dermal: 95%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Respiratory Protection: Yes (Respirator with APF of 10) [Effectiveness Inhal: 90%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Other conditions affecting workers exposure • Place of use: Indoor

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Process temperature (for solid): Ambient

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Skin surface potentially exposed: Two hands (960 cm2)

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

9.2.10.2. Exposure and risks for workers The exposure concentrations and risk characterisation ratios (RCR) are reported in the following table. Table 70. Exposure concentrations and risks for workers Route of exposure and type of Exposure concentration effects

Risk characterisation

Inhalation, systemic, long-term

RCR < 0.01

0.01 mg/m³ (External Tool (TRA Worker v3))

Inhalation, local, acute Dermal, systemic, long-term

Qualitative (see below) 0.686 mg/kg bw/day (External Tool (TRA RCR = 0.826 Worker v3))

Dermal, local, acute

Qualitative (see below)

Eye, local

Qualitative (see below)

Combined routes, systemic, long-term

RCR = 0.83

Conclusion on risk characterisation Qualitative risk characterisation: Where direct contact with the substance may occur, substance task appropriate respirator is required for substance concentrations above 5% and gloves and face shield are required for working with substance concentrations above 1%. Quantitative risk characterisation: Risk is controlled, as the combined dermal and inhalation RCR for long term systemic effects is below 1.

9.2.11. Worker contributing scenario 10: Transfer of phosphonic acid solution / liquid fertilizer from/to small container (PROC 9)

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99

Phosphonic Acid

9.2.11.1. Conditions of use Method Product (article) characteristics • Concentration of substance in mixture: >25%

TRA Worker v3 External Tool (ART v1.5)

• Substance product type: Liquids

External Tool (ART v1.5)

• Viscosity: Liquids with low viscosity (like water)

External Tool (ART v1.5)

• Vapour pressure at elevated temperature: < 1.4 Pa External Tool (ART v1.5) The vapour pressure at elevated temperature was calculated using the Clausius-Clapeyron Equation, the vapour pressure at 20 °C and the boiling point of 258 °C (at the atmospheric pressure of 1013 hPa). Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: < 8 hours

TRA Worker v3 External Tool (ART v1.5)

Technical and organisational conditions and measures • Containment: Semi-closed process with occasional controlled exposure

TRA Worker v3

• Occupational Health and Safety Management System: Advanced

TRA Worker v3

• Surface Contamination/Fugitive Emission Sources: The process is not fully External Tool (ART v1.5) enclosed or the integrity of that enclosure is not regularly monitored but demonstrable and effective housekeeping practices are in place (Demonstrable and effective housekeeping practices (examples include daily cleaning using appropriate methods (eg vacuum), preventive maintenance of machinery and control measures, and use of protective clothing that will repel spills and reduce personal cloud).) • Dispersion - Indoors: Ventilation rate of the general ventilation system in the work External Tool (ART v1.5) area: No restriction on general ventilation characteristics Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation • Dermal Protection: Yes (chemically resistant gloves conforming to EN374 with basic employee training) [Effectiveness Dermal: 90%]

TRA Worker v3

• Respiratory Protection: Yes (Respirator with APF of 10) [Effectiveness Inhal: 90%]

External Tool (ART v1.5)

Other conditions affecting workers exposure • Skin surface potentially exposed: Two hands face (480 cm2)

TRA Worker v3

• Activity Class: Transfer of liquid products - Falling liquids (Activities where a External Tool (ART v1.5) stream of liquid product is transferred from one reservoir to the next. The stream may either fall or glide from high to a lower point (falling liquids) or is transferred with pressure (pressurized transfer: e.g. bottom loading).) • Falling Liquids - Activity: Transfer of liquid product with flow of: 1 - 10 l/minute External Tool (ART v1.5) (Examples: Filling of bottles, filling of paint gun) • Falling Liquids - Level of containment of the process: Handling that reduces External Tool (ART v1.5) contact between product and adjacent air (Note: This does not include processes that are fully contained by localised controls (see next questions). Example situation: Transfer of liquid through a small filling opening (e.g. refuelling of vehicles) ) • Transfer Loading Type: Splash loading, where the liquid dispenser remains at the External Tool (ART v1.5) top of the reservoir and the liquid splashes freely • Dispersion - Indoor: Room size of the work area: Any size workroom

External Tool (ART v1.5)

• Process temperature (for liquid): 25%

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: < 8 hours

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Technical and organisational conditions and measures • General ventilation: Basic general ventilation (1-3 air changes per hour)

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Containment: Semi-closed process with occasional controlled exposure

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Local exhaust ventilation: no [Effectiveness Inhal: 0%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Occupational Health and Safety Management System: Advanced

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

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101

Phosphonic Acid

Method Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation • Dermal Protection: Yes (chemically resistant gloves conforming to EN374 with basic employee training) [Effectiveness Dermal: 90%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Respiratory Protection: Yes (Respirator with APF of 10) [Effectiveness Inhal: 90%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Other conditions affecting workers exposure • Place of use: Indoor

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Process temperature (for solid): Ambient

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Skin surface potentially exposed: Two hands face (480 cm2)

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

9.2.12.2. Exposure and risks for workers The exposure concentrations and risk characterisation ratios (RCR) are reported in the following table. Table 72. Exposure concentrations and risks for workers Route of exposure and type of Exposure concentration effects

Risk characterisation

Inhalation, systemic, long-term

RCR < 0.01

0.01 mg/m³ (External Tool (TRA Worker v3))

Inhalation, local, acute Dermal, systemic, long-term

Qualitative (see below) 0.686 mg/kg bw/day (External Tool (TRA RCR = 0.826 Worker v3))

Dermal, local, acute

Qualitative (see below)

Eye, local

Qualitative (see below)

Combined routes, systemic, long-term

RCR = 0.83

Conclusion on risk characterisation Qualitative risk characterisation: Where direct contact with the substance may occur, substance task appropriate respirator is required for substance concentrations above 5% and gloves and face shield are required for working with substance concentrations above 1%. Quantitative risk characterisation: Risk is controlled, as the combined dermal and inhalation RCR for long term systemic effects is below 1.

9.2.13. Worker contributing scenario 12: Rinsing and draining of equipment and containers prior to cleaning and maintenance (liquid fertilizer) (PROC 8a) 9.2.13.1. Conditions of use Method Product (article) characteristics • Concentration of substance in mixture: >25%

TRA Worker v3

Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: < 8 hours

TRA Worker v3

Technical and organisational conditions and measures

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102

Phosphonic Acid

Method • General ventilation: Basic general ventilation (1-3 air changes per hour)

TRA Worker v3

• Containment: No

TRA Worker v3

• Local exhaust ventilation: no [Effectiveness Inhal: 0%]

TRA Worker v3

• Occupational Health and Safety Management System: Advanced

TRA Worker v3

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation • Dermal Protection: Yes (chemically resistant gloves conforming to EN374 with specific activity training) [Effectiveness Dermal: 95%]

TRA Worker v3

• Respiratory Protection: Yes (Respirator with APF of 10) [Effectiveness Inhal: 90%]

TRA Worker v3

Other conditions affecting workers exposure • Place of use: Indoor

TRA Worker v3

• Process temperature (for liquid): 25%

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

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103

Phosphonic Acid

Method Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: < 8 hours

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Technical and organisational conditions and measures • General ventilation: Basic general ventilation (1-3 air changes per hour)

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Containment: No

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Local exhaust ventilation: no [Effectiveness Inhal: 0%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Occupational Health and Safety Management System: Advanced

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation • Dermal Protection (including APF50): Yes (chemically resistant gloves conforming to EN374 with intensive management supervision controls) [Effectiveness Dermal: 98%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Respiratory Protection: Yes (Respirator with APF of 10) [Effectiveness Inhal: 90%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Other conditions affecting workers exposure • Place of use: Indoor

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Process temperature (for solid): Ambient

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Skin surface potentially exposed: Two hands (960 cm2)

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

9.2.14.2. Exposure and risks for workers The exposure concentrations and risk characterisation ratios (RCR) are reported in the following table. Table 74. Exposure concentrations and risks for workers Route of exposure and type of Exposure concentration effects

Risk characterisation

Inhalation, systemic, long-term

RCR = 0.017

0.05 mg/m³ (External Tool (TRA Worker v3))

Inhalation, local, acute Dermal, systemic, long-term

Qualitative (see below) 0.686 mg/kg bw/day (External Tool (TRA RCR = 0.826 Worker v3))

Dermal, local, acute

Qualitative (see below)

Eye, local

Qualitative (see below)

Combined routes, systemic, long-term

RCR = 0.843

Conclusion on risk characterisation Qualitative risk characterisation: Where direct contact with the substance may occur, substance task appropriate respirator is required for substance concentrations above 5% and gloves and face shield are required for working with substance concentrations above 1%. Quantitative risk characterisation:

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104

Phosphonic Acid Risk is controlled, as the combined dermal and inhalation RCR for long term systemic effects is below 1.

9.2.15. Worker contributing scenario 14: Handling of contaminated equipment for the purpose of cleaning and maintenance (liquid fertilizer) (PROC 13) 9.2.15.1. Conditions of use Method Product (article) characteristics • Concentration of substance in mixture: >25%

TRA Worker v3

Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: < 8 hours

TRA Worker v3

Technical and organisational conditions and measures • General ventilation: Basic general ventilation (1-3 air changes per hour)

TRA Worker v3

• Containment: No

TRA Worker v3

• Local exhaust ventilation: no [Effectiveness Inhal: 0%]

TRA Worker v3

• Occupational Health and Safety Management System: Advanced

TRA Worker v3

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation • Dermal Protection: Yes (chemically resistant gloves conforming to EN374 with specific activity training) [Effectiveness Dermal: 95%]

TRA Worker v3

• Respiratory Protection: Yes (Respirator with APF of 10) [Effectiveness Inhal: 90%]

TRA Worker v3

Other conditions affecting workers exposure • Place of use: Indoor

TRA Worker v3

• Process temperature (for liquid): 25%

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: < 8 hours

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Technical and organisational conditions and measures • General ventilation: Basic general ventilation (1-3 air changes per hour)

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Containment: No

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Local exhaust ventilation: no [Effectiveness Inhal: 0%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Occupational Health and Safety Management System: Advanced

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation • Dermal Protection: Yes (chemically resistant gloves conforming to EN374 with specific activity training) [Effectiveness Dermal: 95%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Respiratory Protection: Yes (Respirator with APF of 10) [Effectiveness Inhal: 90%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Other conditions affecting workers exposure • Place of use: Indoor

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Process temperature (for solid): Ambient

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Skin surface potentially exposed: Two hands face (480 cm2)

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

9.2.16.2. Exposure and risks for workers The exposure concentrations and risk characterisation ratios (RCR) are reported in the following table. Table 76. Exposure concentrations and risks for workers Route of exposure and type of Exposure concentration effects

Risk characterisation

Inhalation, systemic, long-term

RCR < 0.01

0.01 mg/m³ (External Tool (TRA Worker v3))

Inhalation, local, acute Dermal, systemic, long-term

Qualitative (see below) 0.686 mg/kg bw/day (External Tool (TRA RCR = 0.826 Worker v3))

Dermal, local, acute

Qualitative (see below)

Eye, local

Qualitative (see below)

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Route of exposure and type of Exposure concentration effects

Risk characterisation

Combined routes, systemic, long-term

RCR = 0.83

Conclusion on risk characterisation Qualitative risk characterisation: Where direct contact with the substance may occur, substance task appropriate respirator is required for substance concentrations above 5% and gloves and face shield are required for working with substance concentrations above 1%. Quantitative risk characterisation: Risk is controlled, as the combined dermal and inhalation RCR for long term systemic effects is below 1.

9.2.17. Worker contributing scenario 16: Wiping of cleaned equipment (liquid fertilizer) (PROC 10) 9.2.17.1. Conditions of use Method Product (article) characteristics • Concentration of substance in mixture: 1-5%

TRA Worker v3 External Tool (ART v1.5)

• Substance product type: Liquids

External Tool (ART v1.5)

• Viscosity: Liquids with low viscosity (like water)

External Tool (ART v1.5)

Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: < 8 hours

TRA Worker v3 External Tool (ART v1.5)

Technical and organisational conditions and measures • Containment: No

TRA Worker v3

• Occupational Health and Safety Management System: Advanced

TRA Worker v3

• Surface Contamination/Fugitive Emission Sources: The process is not fully External Tool (ART v1.5) enclosed or the integrity of that enclosure is not regularly monitored but demonstrable and effective housekeeping practices are in place (Demonstrable and effective housekeeping practices (examples include daily cleaning using appropriate methods (eg vacuum), preventive maintenance of machinery and control measures, and use of protective clothing that will repel spills and reduce personal cloud).) • Dispersion - Indoors: Ventilation rate of the general ventilation system in the work External Tool (ART v1.5) area: 3 ACH (ACH = air changes per hour.) Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation • Dermal Protection: Yes (chemically resistant gloves conforming to EN374 with specific activity training) [Effectiveness Dermal: 95%]

TRA Worker v3

Other conditions affecting workers exposure • Skin surface potentially exposed: Two hands (960 cm2)

TRA Worker v3

• Activity Class: Spreading of liquid products (Activities where a liquid product is External Tool (ART v1.5) directly spread on surfaces using e.g. a roller, brush or wipe.) • Spreading of Liquid Products - Activity: Spreading of liquids at surfaces or work External Tool (ART v1.5) pieces > 3 m² / hour (Examples: Painting of walls or ships Removing (large) graffiti Cleaning of oil residue from bulk tanks) • Dispersion - Indoor: Room size of the work area: Any size workroom

External Tool (ART v1.5)

• Process temperature (for liquid): 25%

TRA Worker v3

Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

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Phosphonic Acid

Method • Duration of activity: < 8 hours

TRA Worker v3

Technical and organisational conditions and measures • General ventilation: Basic general ventilation (1-3 air changes per hour)

TRA Worker v3

• Containment: No

TRA Worker v3

• Local exhaust ventilation: no [Effectiveness Inhal: 0%]

TRA Worker v3

• Occupational Health and Safety Management System: Advanced

TRA Worker v3

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation • Dermal Protection: Yes (chemically resistant gloves conforming to EN374 with specific activity training) [Effectiveness Dermal: 95%]

TRA Worker v3

• Respiratory Protection: Yes (Respirator with APF of 10) [Effectiveness Inhal: 90%]

TRA Worker v3

Other conditions affecting workers exposure • Place of use: Indoor

TRA Worker v3

• Process temperature (for liquid): 25%

External Tool (TRA

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Phosphonic Acid

Method Worker v3) Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: < 8 hours

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Technical and organisational conditions and measures • General ventilation: Basic general ventilation (1-3 air changes per hour)

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Containment: No

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Local exhaust ventilation: no [Effectiveness Inhal: 0%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Occupational Health and Safety Management System: Advanced

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation • Dermal Protection (including APF50): Yes (chemically resistant gloves External Tool (TRA conforming to EN374 with basic employee training) [Effectiveness Dermal: 90%] Worker v3) • Respiratory Protection: Yes (Respirator with APF of 10) [Effectiveness Inhal: 90%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Other conditions affecting workers exposure • Place of use: Indoor

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Process temperature (for solid): Ambient

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Skin surface potentially exposed: Two hands face (480 cm2)

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

9.2.20.2. Exposure and risks for workers The exposure concentrations and risk characterisation ratios (RCR) are reported in the following table. Table 80. Exposure concentrations and risks for workers Route of exposure and type of Exposure concentration effects

Risk characterisation

Inhalation, systemic, long-term

RCR < 0.01

0.01 mg/m³ (External Tool (TRA Worker v3))

Inhalation, local, acute Dermal, systemic, long-term

Qualitative (see below) 0.343 mg/kg bw/day (External Tool (TRA RCR = 0.413 Worker v3))

Dermal, local, acute

Qualitative (see below)

Eye, local

Qualitative (see below)

Combined routes, systemic, long-term

RCR = 0.417

Conclusion on risk characterisation Qualitative risk characterisation: Where direct contact with the substance may occur, substance task appropriate respirator is required for substance concentrations above 5% and gloves and face shield are required for working with substance concentrations above 1%. Quantitative risk characterisation:

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111

Phosphonic Acid Risk is controlled, as the combined dermal and inhalation RCR for long term systemic effects is below 1.

9.2.21. Worker contributing scenario 20: Quality control of received phosphonic acid solution or liquid fertilizer (PROC 15) 9.2.21.1. Conditions of use Method Product (article) characteristics • Concentration of substance in mixture: >25%

TRA Worker v3

Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: < 8 hours

TRA Worker v3

Technical and organisational conditions and measures • General ventilation: Basic general ventilation (1-3 air changes per hour)

TRA Worker v3

• Containment: No

TRA Worker v3

• Local exhaust ventilation: no [Effectiveness Inhal: 0%]

TRA Worker v3

• Occupational Health and Safety Management System: Advanced

TRA Worker v3

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation • Dermal Protection: Yes (chemically resistant gloves conforming to EN374 with specific activity training) [Effectiveness Dermal: 95%]

TRA Worker v3

• Respiratory Protection: Yes (Respirator with APF of 10) [Effectiveness Inhal: 90%]

TRA Worker v3

Other conditions affecting workers exposure • Place of use: Indoor

TRA Worker v3

• Process temperature (for liquid): 25%

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: < 8 hours

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Technical and organisational conditions and measures • General ventilation: Basic general ventilation (1-3 air changes per hour)

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Containment: No

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Local exhaust ventilation: no [Effectiveness Inhal: 0%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Occupational Health and Safety Management System: Advanced

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation • Dermal Protection: Yes (chemically resistant gloves conforming to EN374 with basic employee training) [Effectiveness Dermal: 90%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Respiratory Protection: Yes (Respirator with APF of 10) [Effectiveness Inhal: 90%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Other conditions affecting workers exposure • Place of use: Indoor

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Process temperature (for solid): Ambient

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Skin surface potentially exposed: One hand face only (240 cm2)

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

9.2.22.2. Exposure and risks for workers The exposure concentrations and risk characterisation ratios (RCR) are reported in the following table. Table 82. Exposure concentrations and risks for workers Route of exposure and type of Exposure concentration effects

Risk characterisation

Inhalation, systemic, long-term

RCR < 0.01

0.01 mg/m³ (External Tool (TRA Worker v3))

Inhalation, local, acute Dermal, systemic, long-term

Qualitative (see below) 0.034 mg/kg bw/day (External Tool (TRA RCR = 0.041 Worker v3))

Dermal, local, acute

Qualitative (see below)

Eye, local

Qualitative (see below)

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113

Phosphonic Acid

Route of exposure and type of Exposure concentration effects

Risk characterisation

Combined routes, systemic, long-term

RCR = 0.045

Conclusion on risk characterisation Qualitative risk characterisation: Where direct contact with the substance may occur, substance task appropriate respirator is required for substance concentrations above 5% and gloves and face shield are required for working with substance concentrations above 1%. Quantitative risk characterisation: Risk is controlled, as the combined dermal and inhalation RCR for long term systemic effects is below 1.

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Phosphonic Acid

9.3. Exposure scenario 3: Use by professional worker - Professional use of fertilizers Market sector: Fertilizers, biocides (including in cleaning products) and plant protection products PC 8: Biocidal Products (e.g. Disinfectants, pest control); PC 12: Fertilizers; PC 27: Plant Protection Products; PC 35: Washing and Cleaning Products (including solvent based products) Environment contributing scenario(s): Professional use of fertilizers

ERC 8d, ERC 8a

Worker contributing scenario(s): Storage of liquid fertilizer in closed container

PROC 2

Storage of solid fertilizer in closed container

PROC 2

Use of liquid fertilizer in greenhouse irrigation systems prior to application

PROC 2

Mixing and/or diluting liquid fertilizer by end-user

PROC 5

Mixing and/or diluting solid fertilizer by end-user

PROC 5

Transfer of liquid fertilizer from bulk, IBCs and/or drums

PROC 8a

Transfer of solid fertilizer from bulk, IBCs and/or drums

PROC 8a

Transfer of liquid fertilizer through dedicated pipes at open field

PROC 8b

Transfer of small quantities of liquid fertilizer

PROC 9

Transfer of small quantities of solid fertilizer

PROC 9

Spraying of liquid fertilizer

PROC 11

Rinsing and draining of equipment and containers prior to cleaning and maintenance (liquid fertilizer)

PROC 8a

Emptying of equipment and containers prior to cleaning and maintenance (solid fertilizer) PROC 8a Handling of contaminated equipment for the purpose of cleaning and maintenance (liquid PROC 13 fertilizer) Handling of contaminated equipment for the purpose of cleaning and maintenance (solid PROC 13 fertilizer) Wiping of cleaned equipment (liquid fertilizer)

PROC 10

Wiping of cleaned equipment (solid fertilizer)

PROC 10

Treatment of objects with fertilizer, such as seeds and soil

PROC 13

Hand-mixing of liquid fertilizer for non-automated use

PROC 19

Hand-mixing of solid fertilizer for non-automated use

PROC 19

Handling of solid fertilizer

PROC 26

9.3.1. Environmental contributing scenario 1: Professional use of fertilizers 9.3.1.1. Conditions of use Amount used, frequency and duration of use (or from service life) • Daily wide dispersive use: = 2E3 m3/d • Application of the STP sludge on agricultural soil: Yes Conditions and measures related to treatment of waste (including article waste)

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• Particular considerations on the waste treatment operations: No (low risk) (ERC based assessment demonstrating control of risk with default conditions. Low risk assumed for waste life stage. Waste disposal according to national/local legislation is sufficient.) Other conditions affecting environmental exposure • Receiving surface water flow rate: >= 1.8E4 m3/d 9.3.1.2. Releases The local releases to the environment are reported in the following table. Table 83. Local releases to the environment Release

Release factor estimation method

Explanation / Justification

Water

Release factor

Initial release factor: 0% Final release factor: 0% Local release rate: 0 kg/day Explanation / Justification: EU Technical Guidance Document on Risk Assessment 2003. Part II, Appendix 1, Table A4.1 (Use Category 19). 100% of fertilizer is applied to (agricultural) soil

(EU TGD 2003)

Air

Release factor

Initial release factor: 0% Final release factor: 0% Explanation / Justification: EU Technical Guidance Document on Risk Assessment 2003. Part II, Appendix 1, Table A4.1 (Use Category 19). 100% of fertilizer is applied to (agricultural) soil

(EU TGD 2003)

Soil

Release factor

Final release factor: 100% Explanation / Justification: EU Technical Guidance Document on Risk Assessment 2003. Part II, Appendix 1, Table A4.1 (Use Category 19). 100% of fertilizer is applied to (agricultural) soil

(EU TGD 2003)

9.3.1.3. Exposure and risks for the environment The exposure concentrations and risk characterisation ratios (RCR) are reported in the following table. Table 84. Exposure concentrations and risks for the environment Protection target

Exposure concentration

Risk characterisation

Freshwater

Local PEC: 0.007 mg/L

RCR = 0.048

Marine water

Local PEC: 7.278E-4 mg/L

RCR = 0.048

Agricultural soil

Qualitative risk characterisation (see below)

Conclusion on risk characterisation Insufficient information is available to determine a PNECsoil. As adsorption to soil is unlikely, PNECaquatic is leading. Therefore an RCR 25%

TRA Worker v3

Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure

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Phosphonic Acid

Method • Duration of activity: < 8 hours

TRA Worker v3

Technical and organisational conditions and measures • General ventilation: Basic general ventilation (1-3 air changes per hour)

TRA Worker v3

• Containment: Closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure

TRA Worker v3

• Local exhaust ventilation: no [Effectiveness Inhal: 0%]

TRA Worker v3

• Occupational Health and Safety Management System: Basic

TRA Worker v3

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation • Dermal Protection: Yes (chemically resistant gloves conforming to EN374 with basic employee training) [Effectiveness Dermal: 90%]

TRA Worker v3

• Respiratory Protection: Yes (Respirator with APF of 10) [Effectiveness Inhal: 90%]

TRA Worker v3

Other conditions affecting workers exposure • Place of use: Indoor

TRA Worker v3

• Process temperature (for liquid): 25%

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: < 8 hours

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Technical and organisational conditions and measures • General ventilation: Basic general ventilation (1-3 air changes per hour)

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Containment: Closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Local exhaust ventilation: no [Effectiveness Inhal: 0%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Occupational Health and Safety Management System: Basic

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation • Dermal Protection: Yes (chemically resistant gloves conforming to EN374 with basic employee training) [Effectiveness Dermal: 90%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Respiratory Protection: Yes (Respirator with APF of 10) [Effectiveness Inhal: 90%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Other conditions affecting workers exposure • Place of use: Indoor

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Process temperature (for solid): Ambient

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Skin surface potentially exposed: Two hands face (480 cm2)

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

9.3.3.2. Exposure and risks for workers The exposure concentrations and risk characterisation ratios (RCR) are reported in the following table. Table 86. Exposure concentrations and risks for workers Route of exposure and type of Exposure concentration effects Inhalation, systemic, long-term

0.001 mg/m³ (External Tool (TRA Worker RCR < 0.01 v3))

Inhalation, local, acute Dermal, systemic, long-term

Risk characterisation

Qualitative (see below) 0.137 mg/kg bw/day (External Tool (TRA RCR = 0.165 Worker v3))

Dermal, local, acute

Qualitative (see below)

Eye, local

Qualitative (see below)

Combined routes, systemic, long-term

RCR = 0.166

Conclusion on risk characterisation Qualitative risk characterisation: Where direct contact with the substance may occur, substance task appropriate respirator is required for substance concentrations above 5% and gloves and face shield are required for working with substance concentrations above 1%.

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118

Phosphonic Acid Quantitative risk characterisation: Risk is controlled, as the combined dermal and inhalation RCR for long term systemic effects is below 1.

9.3.4. Worker contributing scenario 3: Use of liquid fertilizer in greenhouse irrigation systems prior to application (PROC 2) 9.3.4.1. Conditions of use Method Product (article) characteristics • Concentration of substance in mixture: >25%

TRA Worker v3

Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: < 8 hours

TRA Worker v3

Technical and organisational conditions and measures • General ventilation: Basic general ventilation (1-3 air changes per hour)

TRA Worker v3

• Containment: Closed continuous process with occasional controlled exposure

TRA Worker v3

• Local exhaust ventilation: no [Effectiveness Inhal: 0%]

TRA Worker v3

• Occupational Health and Safety Management System: Basic

TRA Worker v3

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation • Dermal Protection: Yes (chemically resistant gloves conforming to EN374 with basic employee training) [Effectiveness Dermal: 90%]

TRA Worker v3

• Respiratory Protection: Yes (Respirator with APF of 10) [Effectiveness Inhal: 90%]

TRA Worker v3

Other conditions affecting workers exposure • Place of use: Indoor

TRA Worker v3

• Process temperature (for liquid): 25%

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: < 8 hours

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Technical and organisational conditions and measures • General ventilation: Basic general ventilation (1-3 air changes per hour)

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Containment: No

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Local exhaust ventilation: no [Effectiveness Inhal: 0%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Occupational Health and Safety Management System: Basic

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation • Dermal Protection (including APF50): Yes (chemically resistant gloves External Tool (TRA conforming to EN374 with specific activity training) [Effectiveness Dermal: 95%] Worker v3) • Respiratory Protection: Yes (Respirator with APF of 10) [Effectiveness Inhal: 90%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Other conditions affecting workers exposure • Place of use: Indoor

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Process temperature (for liquid): 25%

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: < 8 hours

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Technical and organisational conditions and measures • General ventilation: Basic general ventilation (1-3 air changes per hour)

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Containment: No

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Local exhaust ventilation: no [Effectiveness Inhal: 0%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Occupational Health and Safety Management System: Basic

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation • Dermal Protection (including APF50): Yes (chemically resistant gloves External Tool (TRA conforming to EN374 with specific activity training) [Effectiveness Dermal: 95%] Worker v3) • Respiratory Protection: Yes (Respirator with APF of 10) [Effectiveness Inhal: 90%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Other conditions affecting workers exposure • Place of use: Indoor

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Process temperature (for solid): Ambient

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Skin surface potentially exposed: Two hands face (480 cm2)

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

9.3.6.2. Exposure and risks for workers The exposure concentrations and risk characterisation ratios (RCR) are reported in the following table.

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Table 89. Exposure concentrations and risks for workers Route of exposure and type of Exposure concentration effects

Risk characterisation

Inhalation, systemic, long-term

RCR = 0.034

0.1 mg/m³ (External Tool (TRA Worker v3))

Inhalation, local, acute Dermal, systemic, long-term

Qualitative (see below) 0.686 mg/kg bw/day (External Tool (TRA RCR = 0.826 Worker v3))

Dermal, local, acute

Qualitative (see below)

Eye, local

Qualitative (see below)

Combined routes, systemic, long-term

RCR = 0.86

Conclusion on risk characterisation Qualitative risk characterisation: Where direct contact with the substance may occur, substance task appropriate respirator is required for substance concentrations above 5% and gloves and face shield are required for working with substance concentrations above 1%. Quantitative risk characterisation: Risk is controlled, as the combined dermal and inhalation RCR for long term systemic effects is below 1.

9.3.7. Worker contributing scenario 6: Transfer of liquid fertilizer from bulk, IBCs and/or drums (PROC 8a) 9.3.7.1. Conditions of use Method Product (article) characteristics • Concentration of substance in mixture: >25%

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: < 8 hours

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Technical and organisational conditions and measures • General ventilation: Basic general ventilation (1-3 air changes per hour)

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Containment: No

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Local exhaust ventilation: no [Effectiveness Inhal: 0%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Occupational Health and Safety Management System: Basic

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation • Dermal Protection (including APF50): Yes (chemically resistant gloves External Tool (TRA conforming to EN374 with specific activity training) [Effectiveness Dermal: 95%] Worker v3) • Respiratory Protection: Yes (Respirator with APF of 10) [Effectiveness Inhal: 90%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Other conditions affecting workers exposure • Place of use: Indoor

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Method Worker v3) • Process temperature (for liquid): 25%

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: < 8 hours

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Technical and organisational conditions and measures • General ventilation: Basic general ventilation (1-3 air changes per hour)

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Containment: No

External Tool (TRA

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Method Worker v3) • Local exhaust ventilation: no [Effectiveness Inhal: 0%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Occupational Health and Safety Management System: Basic

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation • Dermal Protection (including APF50): Yes (chemically resistant gloves External Tool (TRA conforming to EN374 with specific activity training) [Effectiveness Dermal: 95%] Worker v3) • Respiratory Protection: Yes (Respirator with APF of 10) [Effectiveness Inhal: 90%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Other conditions affecting workers exposure • Place of use: Indoor

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Process temperature (for solid): Ambient

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Skin surface potentially exposed: Two hands (960 cm2)

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

9.3.8.2. Exposure and risks for workers The exposure concentrations and risk characterisation ratios (RCR) are reported in the following table. Table 91. Exposure concentrations and risks for workers Route of exposure and type of Exposure concentration effects

Risk characterisation

Inhalation, systemic, long-term

RCR = 0.017

0.05 mg/m³ (External Tool (TRA Worker v3))

Inhalation, local, acute Dermal, systemic, long-term

Qualitative (see below) 0.686 mg/kg bw/day (External Tool (TRA RCR = 0.826 Worker v3))

Dermal, local, acute

Qualitative (see below)

Eye, local

Qualitative (see below)

Combined routes, systemic, long-term

RCR = 0.843

Conclusion on risk characterisation Qualitative risk characterisation: Where direct contact with the substance may occur, substance task appropriate respirator is required for substance concentrations above 5% and gloves and face shield are required for working with substance concentrations above 1%. Quantitative risk characterisation: Risk is controlled, as the combined dermal and inhalation RCR for long term systemic effects is below 1.

9.3.9. Worker contributing scenario 8: Transfer of liquid fertilizer through dedicated pipes at open field (PROC 8b) 9.3.9.1. Conditions of use Method

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Method Product (article) characteristics • Concentration of substance in mixture: >25%

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: < 8 hours

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Technical and organisational conditions and measures • General ventilation: Basic general ventilation (1-3 air changes per hour)

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Containment: Semi-closed process with occasional controlled exposure

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Local exhaust ventilation: no [Effectiveness Inhal: 0%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Occupational Health and Safety Management System: Basic

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation • Dermal Protection (including APF50): Yes (chemically resistant gloves External Tool (TRA conforming to EN374 with specific activity training) [Effectiveness Dermal: 95%] Worker v3) • Respiratory Protection: Yes (Respirator with APF of 10) [Effectiveness Inhal: 90%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Other conditions affecting workers exposure • Place of use: Indoor

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Process temperature (for liquid): 25%

TRA Worker v3

Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: < 8 hours

TRA Worker v3

Technical and organisational conditions and measures • General ventilation: Basic general ventilation (1-3 air changes per hour)

TRA Worker v3

• Containment: Semi-closed process with occasional controlled exposure

TRA Worker v3

• Local exhaust ventilation: no [Effectiveness Inhal: 0%]

TRA Worker v3

• Occupational Health and Safety Management System: Basic

TRA Worker v3

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation • Dermal Protection: Yes (chemically resistant gloves conforming to EN374 with basic employee training) [Effectiveness Dermal: 90%]

TRA Worker v3

• Respiratory Protection: Yes (Respirator with APF of 10) [Effectiveness Inhal: 90%]

TRA Worker v3

Other conditions affecting workers exposure • Place of use: Indoor

TRA Worker v3

• Process temperature (for liquid): 25%

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: < 8 hours

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Technical and organisational conditions and measures • General ventilation: Basic general ventilation (1-3 air changes per hour)

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Containment: Semi-closed process with occasional controlled exposure

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Local exhaust ventilation: no [Effectiveness Inhal: 0%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Occupational Health and Safety Management System: Basic

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation • Dermal Protection: Yes (chemically resistant gloves conforming to EN374 with basic employee training) [Effectiveness Dermal: 90%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Respiratory Protection: Yes (Respirator with APF of 10) [Effectiveness Inhal: 90%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Other conditions affecting workers exposure • Place of use: Indoor

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Process temperature (for solid): Ambient

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Skin surface potentially exposed: Two hands face (480 cm2)

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

9.3.11.2. Exposure and risks for workers The exposure concentrations and risk characterisation ratios (RCR) are reported in the following table. Table 94. Exposure concentrations and risks for workers Route of exposure and type of Exposure concentration effects

Risk characterisation

Inhalation, systemic, long-term

RCR = 0.017

0.05 mg/m³ (External Tool (TRA Worker v3))

Inhalation, local, acute Dermal, systemic, long-term

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Qualitative (see below) 0.686 mg/kg bw/day (External Tool (TRA RCR = 0.826 Worker v3))

CHEMICAL SAFETY REPORT

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127

Phosphonic Acid

Route of exposure and type of Exposure concentration effects

Risk characterisation

Dermal, local, acute

Qualitative (see below)

Eye, local

Qualitative (see below)

Combined routes, systemic, long-term

RCR = 0.843

Conclusion on risk characterisation Qualitative risk characterisation: Where direct contact with the substance may occur, substance task appropriate respirator is required for substance concentrations above 5% and gloves and face shield are required for working with substance concentrations above 1%. Quantitative risk characterisation: Risk is controlled, as the combined dermal and inhalation RCR for long term systemic effects is below 1.

9.3.12. Worker contributing scenario 11: Spraying of liquid fertilizer (PROC 11) 9.3.12.1. Conditions of use Method Product (article) characteristics • Substance product type: Liquids

External Tool (ART v1.5)

• Viscosity: Liquids with low viscosity (like water)

External Tool (ART v1.5)

• Concentration of substance in mixture: >25%

External Tool (Riskofderm 2.0) External Tool (ART v1.5)

Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: < 1 hour The ECETOC TRA reduction factor of 0.2 was used.

External Tool (Riskofderm 2.0)

• Duration of activity: < 8 hour

External Tool (ART v1.5)

Technical and organisational conditions and measures • Surface Contamination/Fugitive Emission Sources: The process is not fully enclosed or the integrity of that enclosure is not regularly monitored and no demonstrable and effective housekeeping practices are in place but general housekeeping practices are in place (General good housekeeping practices.)

External Tool (ART v1.5)

• Dispersion - Indoors: Ventilation rate of the general ventilation system in the work External Tool (ART v1.5) area: No restriction on general ventilation characteristics • Direction of airflow from source: Not clearly away from worker (The airflow does External Tool (Riskofderm not clearly move the contamination emitted from the source away from the worker.) 2.0) Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation • Respiratory Protection: Yes (Respirator with APF of 10) [Effectiveness Inhal: 90%]

External Tool (ART v1.5)

• Dermal Protection (including APF50): Yes (chemically resistant gloves conforming to EN374 with intensive management supervision controls) [Effectiveness Dermal: 98%]

External Tool (Riskofderm 2.0)

Other conditions affecting workers exposure • Activity Class: Spray application of liquids - Surface spraying of liquids (Activities External Tool (ART v1.5) used to atomise liquids into droplets for dispersion on surfaces (surface spraying) or into air (space spraying). Spraying techniques may be used for dispersion of e.g. pesticides, biocides, and paints.) • Application rate: Low application rate (0.03 - 0.3 l/minute)

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External Tool (ART v1.5)

128

Phosphonic Acid

Method • Spray direction: Downward only

External Tool (ART v1.5)

• Spray Technique: Spraying with no or low compressed air use

External Tool (ART v1.5)

• Dispersion - Indoor: Room size of the work area: Any size workroom

External Tool (ART v1.5)

• Skin surface exposed: Hands (820 cm2)

External Tool (Riskofderm 2.0)

9.3.12.2. Exposure and risks for workers The exposure concentrations and risk characterisation ratios (RCR) are reported in the following table. Table 95. Exposure concentrations and risks for workers Route of exposure and type of Exposure concentration effects

Risk characterisation

Inhalation, systemic, long-term

0.59 mg/m³ (External Tool (ART v1.5))

RCR = 0.201

0.428 mg/kg bw/day (External Tool (Riskofderm 2.0))

RCR = 0.516

Inhalation, local, acute Dermal, systemic, long-term

Qualitative (see below)

Dermal, local, acute

Qualitative (see below)

Eye, local

Qualitative (see below)

Combined routes, systemic, long-term

RCR = 0.716

Remarks on exposure data External Tool (ART v1.5) x Inhalation, systemic, long-term: The inter-quartile confidence interval is 2.7 mg/m³ to 14 mg/m³. The predicted 90th percentile full-shift exposure is 5.9 mg/m³. The exposure value was corrected by a factor 10 for the use of respiratory protection. External Tool (Riskofderm 2.0) x Dermal, systemic, long-term: Riskofderm 8 hours amount applied: 8013 mg. Application rate: 0.3 l/min Gloves: 98% effective. Time reduction: 25%

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External Tool (TRA

129

Phosphonic Acid

Method Worker v3) Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: < 8 hours

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Technical and organisational conditions and measures • General ventilation: Basic general ventilation (1-3 air changes per hour)

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Containment: No

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Local exhaust ventilation: no [Effectiveness Inhal: 0%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Occupational Health and Safety Management System: Basic

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation • Dermal Protection (including APF50): Yes (chemically resistant gloves External Tool (TRA conforming to EN374 with specific activity training) [Effectiveness Dermal: 95%] Worker v3) • Respiratory Protection: Yes (Respirator with APF of 10) [Effectiveness Inhal: 90%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Other conditions affecting workers exposure • Place of use: Indoor

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Process temperature (for liquid): 25%

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: < 8 hours

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Technical and organisational conditions and measures • General ventilation: Basic general ventilation (1-3 air changes per hour)

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Containment: No

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Local exhaust ventilation: no [Effectiveness Inhal: 0%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Occupational Health and Safety Management System: Basic

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation • Dermal Protection (including APF50): Yes (chemically resistant gloves External Tool (TRA conforming to EN374 with specific activity training) [Effectiveness Dermal: 95%] Worker v3) • Respiratory Protection: Yes (Respirator with APF of 10) [Effectiveness Inhal: 90%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Other conditions affecting workers exposure • Place of use: Indoor

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Process temperature (for solid): Ambient

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Skin surface potentially exposed: Two hands (960 cm2)

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

9.3.14.2. Exposure and risks for workers The exposure concentrations and risk characterisation ratios (RCR) are reported in the following table. Table 97. Exposure concentrations and risks for workers Route of exposure and type of Exposure concentration effects

Risk characterisation

Inhalation, systemic, long-term

RCR = 0.017

0.05 mg/m³ (External Tool (TRA Worker v3))

Inhalation, local, acute Dermal, systemic, long-term

Qualitative (see below) 0.686 mg/kg bw/day (External Tool (TRA RCR = 0.826 Worker v3))

Dermal, local, acute

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Qualitative (see below)

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131

Phosphonic Acid

Route of exposure and type of Exposure concentration effects

Risk characterisation

Eye, local

Qualitative (see below)

Combined routes, systemic, long-term

RCR = 0.843

Conclusion on risk characterisation Qualitative risk characterisation: Where direct contact with the substance may occur, substance task appropriate respirator is required for substance concentrations above 5% and gloves and face shield are required for working with substance concentrations above 1%. Quantitative risk characterisation: Risk is controlled, as the combined dermal and inhalation RCR for long term systemic effects is below 1.

9.3.15. Worker contributing scenario 14: Handling of contaminated equipment for the purpose of cleaning and maintenance (liquid fertilizer) (PROC 13) 9.3.15.1. Conditions of use Method Product (article) characteristics • Concentration of substance in mixture: >25%

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Amount used (or contained in articles), frequency and duration of use/exposure • Duration of activity: < 8 hours

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Technical and organisational conditions and measures • General ventilation: Basic general ventilation (1-3 air changes per hour)

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Containment: No

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Local exhaust ventilation: no [Effectiveness Inhal: 0%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Occupational Health and Safety Management System: Basic

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Conditions and measures related to personal protection, hygiene and health evaluation • Dermal Protection (including APF50): Yes (chemically resistant gloves External Tool (TRA conforming to EN374 with specific activity training) [Effectiveness Dermal: 95%] Worker v3) • Respiratory Protection: Yes (Respirator with APF of 10) [Effectiveness Inhal: 90%]

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

Other conditions affecting workers exposure • Place of use: Indoor

External Tool (TRA Worker v3)

• Process temperature (for liquid):