The Media and Northern Ireland by Marielle Gisclard and David ROUSSE Wednesday, 6 February 2002
Université des Sciences Sociales Université Paul SABATIER TOULOUSE
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The Media and Northern Ireland
Université des Sciences Sociales Université Paul SABATIER TOULOUSE
I. Introduction II. Media coverage • British Press • Terrorism • List • The Press and the IRA III. Censorship • Direct censorship • Indirect censorship • Self censorship IV. Reasons of censorship V. Consequences of censorship VI. Conclusion 2
Plan
Introduction • The Conflict in Northern Ireland : considered as « troubles » by the media a war in reality • World- wide media attention : hihg level of media coverage wrong analysis • Journalists as political actors : propaganda censorship I. II. III. IV. V. VI.
Introduction Media coverage Censorship Reasons Consequences Conclusion
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Media coverage
I. II. III. IV. V. VI.
• The British Press : supposed to be « the guardians of liberty » manipulated and controlled by British governments • The Northern Ireland Press : the News Letter, unionist the Irish News, nationalist the Belfast Telegraph and the Sunday Life, neutral about 50 local newspapers, for each communities • Impacts on the conflict : half truths presented as hard fact important factors in the persistence of crisis Introduction Media coverage • The Press and the IRA Censorship Reasons Consequences Conclusion
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Censorship • Direct censorship : ban on interviews with representatives of Sinn Fein over 100 TV programmes banned (1969 to 1993) • Indirect censorship : economic context of media production intimidation propaganda • Self censorship : policy of censorship imposed in the national interest. self censorship became natural I. II. III. IV. V. VI.
Introduction Media coverage Censorship Reasons Consequences Conclusion
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Reasons of censorship
• The press in general serves a certain interest : for instance the British press is a constant state of adaptation to the needs of the British ruling class • There is no free press : the ultimate control to big business newspapers industry is a part of the capitalist system I. II. III. IV. V. VI.
Introduction Media coverage Censorship Reasons Consequences Conclusion
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Consequences of censorship • In the interest of the British state : pressure in order to support government policy manipulation to fight against terrorism • The consequences of this policy : loss of the British press’s independence convince the world of the normality of life in Ireland a distorted view of the Northern Ireland Conflict serves the political needs of British government • media complicit in the maintenance of the crisis I. II. III. IV. V. VI.
Introduction Media coverage Censorship Reasons Consequences Conclusion
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Conclusion • Media coverage : a political solution might have been reached sooner with a better media coverage. • Censorship : winnig the war of the media policy of censorship imposed in the national interest • Living life in peace : if only Catholics and Protestants learn to live together then everything would be fine ... I. II. III. IV. V. VI.
Introduction Media coverage Censorship Reasons Consequences Conclusion
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Questions …
The Media and Northern Ireland by Marielle Gisclard and David ROUSSE Thank you for your attention
Université des Sciences Sociales Université Paul SABATIER TOULOUSE
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