ISBN 974-93664-9-2
November 2005
ISSN 1513-7112
Thailand Economic Information Kit
MAJOR ECONOMIC INDICATORS
LABOR FORCE
TRADE
FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT
STOCK EXCHANGE
NPL OUTSTANDING
Thailand Development Research Institute November 2005
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LIST OF TABLES Page TABLE 1 TABLE 2 TABLE 3 TABLE 4 TABLE 5 TABLE 6 TABLE 7 TABLE 8 TABLE 9 TABLE 10 TABLE 11 TABLE 12 TABLE 13 TABLE 14 TABLE 15 TABLE 16 TABLE 17 TABLE 18 TABLE 19 TABLE 20 TABLE 21 TABLE 22 TABLE 23 TABLE 24
MAJOR INDICATORS FOR THAILAND ................................................................................................ 3 GROSS NATIONAL PRODUCT AT CURRENT MARKET PRICES BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN .................. 4 QUARTERLY GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AT 1988 PRICES ....................................................... 5-6 QUARTERLY GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AT 1988 PRICES (PERCENTAGE CHANGE) ................ 7 BALANCE OF PAYMENTS (SUMMARY) ............................................................................................ 8 EXPORTS AND IMPORTS BY MAJOR SECTOR ................................................................................. 8 TRADE BY COUNTRY ........................................................................................................................ 9 MAJOR EXPORT ITEMS ..................................................................................................................... 9 CAPITAL FLOWS IN THAILAND ........................................................................................................ 10 NET FLOWS OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT, CLASSIFIED BY COUNTRIES ........................... 10 NET FLOWS OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN THAILAND, CLASSIFIED BY BUSINESS ....... 10 EXTERNAL DEBT OUTSTANDINGS .................................................................................................. 12 INTERNATIONAL RESERVES ........................................................................................................... 13 EXCHANGE RATE ............................................................................................................................ 13 DEPOSITS OR DEPOSITS EQUIVALENT AT FINANCIAL INSTITUTION ............................................. 13 NPL OUTSTANDING—CLASSIFIED BY FINANCIAL INSTITUTION GROUP .................................. 14-15 INVESTMENT PROMOTION IN THAILAND ........................................................................................ 15 INVESTMENT PROMOTION IN THAILAND (PERCENTAGE CHANGE) .............................................. 15 STOCK EXCHANGE OF THAILAND (SET) INDEX .............................................................................. 16 TOTAL EMPLOYMENT BY SECTOR AND EDUCATION: 2004 ........................................................... 16 AVERAGE PRIVATE EMPLOYEE WAGE PER MONTH .................................................................... 17 MINIMUM WAGE RATES IN THAILAND ....................................................................................... 17-19 POVERTY LINES AND POVERTY INCIDENCE ................................................................................. 20 INCOME SHARE BY QUINTILE GROUP ........................................................................................... 20
LIST OF FIGURES Page FIGURE 1 REAL GDP GROWTH ....................................................................................................................... FIGURE 2 PER CAPITA GNP: NOMINAL AND REAL ......................................................................................... FIGURE 3 SHARES OF GDP BY REGION: 2004 ............................................................................................... SHARES OF POPULATION BY REGION: 2004 ................................................................................. FIGURE 4 SHARE OF GDP BY SECTOR IN 2004 ............................................................................................. FIGURE 5 CONSUMER PRICE INDEX (PERCENTAGE CHANGE) ..................................................................... FIGURE 6 TOTAL EXPORTS & IMPORTS: 1985-2004 ........................................................................................ FIGURE 7 MERCHANDISE EXPORTS & IMPORTS: 1985-2004 ......................................................................... FIGURE 8 RATIO OF FOREIGN DEBT TO GDP: 1985-2004 ............................................................................... FIGURE 9 FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT TO THAILAND: 1985-2004 ............................................................. FIGURE 10 NUMBER OF PROMOTED PROJECTS: 1985-2004 ........................................................................... FIGURE 11 TOTAL INVESTMENT IN PROMOTED PROJECTS: 1985-2004 .......................................................... FIGURE 12 DOMESTIC INTEREST RATES.......................................................................................................... FIGURE 13 PRIVATE CONSUMPTION INDEX ......................................................................................................
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Thailand Economic Information Kit
TABLE 1
MAJOR INDICATORS FOR THAILAND Value 2001
2002
Growth (percent) 2003
2004e
2001
2002
2003
2004e
BASIC DATA Population of Thailand (million persons)
62.31
62.80
63.08
65.08
0.69
0.79
0.45
3.17
Labor Force (million persons)
33.92
34.25
34.85
35.72
2.11
0.97
1.75
2.49
Employment (million persons)
32.17
33.00
33.82
34.73
2.81
2.58
2.48
2.69
NATIONAL ACCOUNTS Gross Domestic Product (millions of baht)
5,133,502
5,446,043
5,930,362
6,576,834
4.28
6.09
8.89
10.90
Gross Domestic Product at 1988 Price (millions of baht)
3,073,601
3,237,559
3,460,044
3,671,661
2.17
5.33
6.87
6.12
80,558
84,846
91,420
99,094
3.46
5.32
7.75
8.39
Gross National Saving of GDP (percent)
29.41
29.41
30.48
n.a.
Private Investment of GDP (percent)
15.29
15.90
17.51
18.92
Public Investment of GDP (percent)
7.73
6.93
6.53
6.89
Per Capita GNP (baht)
FOREIGN TRADE 44.48
43.00
41.53
40.27
Merchandise Exports (f.o.b.) (millions of baht)
Exchange Rate (baht per US$)
2,802,530
2,837,663
3,233,116
3,868,600
2.62
1.25
13.94
19.66
Merchandise Imports (c.i.f.) (millions of baht) *
2,691,579
2,719,439
3,077,529
3,800,928
7.08
1.04
13.17
23.51
Current Account Deficit of GDP (percent)
5.35
5.55
5.55
4.32
Balance of Payment of GDP (percent)
0.00
0.00
0.00
3.50
Long-term Foreign Debt (billions of US$)
54.12
47.54
40.88
39.14
-16.76
-12.16
-14.01
-4.26
Debt Service Ratio (percent)
20.80
19.60
16.00
8.40
GOVERNMENT Government Revenue of GDP (percent)
15.11
16.10
17.07
16.99
Government Expenditure of GDP (percent)
17.70
17.54
16.80
16.87
Treasury of GDP (percent)
-2.59
-1.44
0.28
0.13
Consumer Price Index (2002=100)
99.40
100.00
101.80
104.60
1.64
0.60
1.80
2.75
Minimum Wage (baht per day) **
165.00
165.00
169.00
170.00
1.85
0.00
2.42
0.59
OTHER
Remarks: *
Excluding military aid imports.
** The areas concerned in this table are Bangkok, Samut Prakan, Nonthaburi, Pathum Thani, Nakhon Pathom, Samut
Sakhon and Phuket. e 2004 data on national accounts are calculated from quarterly GDP by the National Economic and Social Development Board. Sources: National Economic and Social Development Board; National Statistical Office; and Bank of Thailand.
November 2005
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TABLE 2
GROSS NATIONAL PRODUCT AT CURRENT MARKET PRICES BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN (millions of baht)
Industrial Origin Agriculture Agriculture, Hunting and Forestry Fishing Non-Agriculture Mining and Quarrying Manufacturing
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003p
438,119
447,176
498,587
435,507
444,185
468,905
513,094
595,004
350,172
351,974
390,604
332,045
326,389
357,979
407,046
491,026
87,947
95,202
107,983
103,462
117,796
110,926
106,048
103,978
4,172,922
4,285,434
4,127,860
4,201,572
4,478,546
4,664,597
4,932,949
5,335,358
63,410
82,402
84,318
87,362
116,726
126,232
135,851
154,564
1,370,438
1,427,657
1,428,323
1,514,030
1,653,658
1,715,926
1,831,903
2,060,447
Electricity, Gas and Water Supply
106,833
118,958
142,277
130,399
146,105
166,683
175,595
190,946
Construction
341,518
271,824
178,680
166,253
150,615
154,493
165,705
175,586
Wholesale and Retail Trade; Repair of Motor Vehicles, 762,898
812,214
785,928
801,340
847,564
856,098
865,964
914,328
Hotels and Restaurants
Motorcycles and Personal and Household Goods
248,960
245,872
230,921
255,738
275,214
289,175
309,626
300,414
Transport, Storage and Communications
341,051
369,949
360,918
376,111
395,926
427,049
449,603
465,204
Financial Intermediation
328,177
309,193
235,449
156,439
145,840
151,360
170,952
202,151
Real Estate, Renting and Business Activities
155,171
156,982
153,368
157,127
161,792
163,862
171,703
177,890
171,329
181,095
195,257
204,172
211,045
222,161
244,731
262,081
149,224
163,467
181,699
186,666
196,542
202,318
211,261
220,938
Health and Social Work
68,848
76,417
83,165
90,926
96,678
104,825
107,649
106,803
Other Community, Social and Personal Service Activities
58,902
62,754
60,581
68,089
73,813
77,118
84,951
96,184
6,163
6,650
6,976
6,920
7,028
7,297
7,455
7,822
Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
4,611,041
4,732,610
4,626,447
4,637,079
4,922,731
5,133,502
5,446,043
5,930,362
Gross National Product (GNP)
4,508,957
4,609,235
4,466,403
4,510,643
4,845,857
5,048,433
5,357,411
5,819,334
National Income (NI)
3,393,983
3,437,720
3,311,048
3,334,840
3,635,237
3,776,160
3,978,942
4,314,811
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003p 10.0
Public Administration and Defence; Compulsory Social Security Education
Private Households with Employed Persons
Share (percent) Industrial Origin Agriculture
9.5
9.4
10.8
9.4
9.0
9.1
9.4
Agriculture, Hunting and Forestry
7.6
7.4
8.4
7.2
6.6
7.0
7.5
8.3
Fishing
1.9
2.0
2.3
2.2
2.4
2.2
1.9
1.8
90.5
90.6
89.2
90.6
91.0
90.9
90.6
90.0
1.4
1.7
1.8
1.9
2.4
2.5
2.5
2.6
29.7
30.2
30.9
32.7
33.6
33.4
33.6
34.7
Electricity, Gas and Water Supply
2.3
2.5
3.1
2.8
3.0
3.2
3.2
3.2
Construction
7.4
5.7
3.9
3.6
3.1
3.0
3.0
3.0
Non-Agriculture Mining and Quarrying Manufacturing
Wholesale and Retail Trade; Repair of Motor Vehicles, 16.5
17.2
17.0
17.3
17.2
16.7
15.9
15.4
Hotels and Restaurants
Motorcycles and Personal and Household Goods
5.4
5.2
5.0
5.5
5.6
5.6
5.7
5.1
Transport, Storage and Communications
7.4
7.8
7.8
8.1
8.0
8.3
8.3
7.8
Financial Intermediation
7.1
6.5
5.1
3.4
3.0
2.9
3.1
3.4
Real Estate, Renting and Business Activities
3.4
3.3
3.3
3.4
3.3
3.2
3.2
3.0
Public Administration and Defence; Compulsory 3.7
3.8
4.2
4.4
4.3
4.3
4.5
4.4
Education
Social Security
3.2
3.5
3.9
4.0
4.0
3.9
3.9
3.7
Health and Social Work
1.5
1.6
1.8
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
1.8
Other Community, Social and Personal Service Activities
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.6
1.6
Private Households with Employed Persons
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Gross National Product (GNP)
97.8
97.4
96.5
97.3
98.4
98.3
98.4
98.1
National Income (NI)
73.6
72.6
71.6
71.9
73.8
73.6
73.1
72.8
Remark: p = Preliminary. Source: National Economic and Social Development Board. National Income of Thailand.
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Thailand Economic Information Kit
TABLE 3
QUARTERLY GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AT 1988 PRICES (millions of baht)
1997 Industrial Origin Agriculture
1998
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
74,957
64,046
55,638
92,192
75,242
56,946
52,554
97,864
Agriculture, Hunting and Forestry
62,554
53,418
44,147
78,939
62,763
46,967
41,726
82,678
Fishing
12,403
10,628
11,491
13,253
12,479
9,979
10,828
15,186
699,162
705,144
709,837
671,639
644,063
605,469
606,345
611,201
13,881
14,772
16,297
15,023
13,955
13,611
14,760
13,918
271,355
259,726
260,240
244,831
241,551
224,440
222,758
234,853
Electricity, Gas and Water Supply
20,097
23,302
22,465
20,841
21,719
23,325
21,002
20,071
Construction
34,108
37,130
45,574
29,326
24,447
20,880
26,326
18,582
Non-Agriculture Mining and Quarrying Manufacturing
Wholesale and Retail Trade; Repair of Motor Vehicles, 128,745
131,573
128,110
122,158
115,678
110,226
107,826
109,349
Hotels and Restaurants
Motorcycles and Personal and Household Goods
28,313
27,517
24,666
25,169
25,986
24,050
24,313
26,160
Transport, Storage and Communications
66,045
67,761
74,300
71,839
65,350
59,865
62,576
66,671
Financial Intermediation
46,666
52,939
46,203
50,256
40,712
38,542
33,479
25,360
Real Estate, Renting and Business Activities
28,196
29,164
29,823
29,239
28,714
28,371
28,671
27,461
22,462
20,560
20,781
21,318
24,139
21,657
22,507
23,389
17,610
18,030
18,663
18,793
19,388
18,867
19,849
22,495
8,365
8,946
8,856
9,132
8,774
8,850
9,793
9,947
12,428
12,740
13,109
12,998
12,794
11,874
11,649
12,147
891
984
750
716
856
911
836
798
774,119
769,190
765,475
763,831
719,305
662,415
658,899
709,065
Public Administration and Defence; Compulsory Social Security Education Health and Social Work Other Community, Social and Personal Service Activities Private Households with Employed Persons Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
1999
Agriculture
2000
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
78,086
60,103
55,700
95,289
80,517
68,274
60,458
100,699
Agriculture, Hunting and Forestry
64,663
50,206
44,150
81,751
67,852
56,611
48,766
85,983
Fishing
13,423
9,897
11,550
13,538
12,665
11,663
11,692
14,716
639,703
625,142
658,640
659,317
683,822
658,955
671,231
684,445
14,050
14,980
15,952
15,883
16,000
16,160
16,493
15,582
254,412
246,788
262,222
270,009
278,407
266,656
269,749
281,356
Electricity, Gas and Water Supply
20,849
22,079
23,692
22,203
23,238
25,037
24,325
24,970
Construction
18,289
21,560
26,336
17,875
19,807
19,012
22,958
14,546
Non-Agriculture Mining and Quarrying Manufacturing
Wholesale and Retail Trade; Repair of Motor Vehicles, 119,308
111,744
113,049
114,162
123,590
118,298
116,161
116,740
Hotels and Restaurants
Motorcycles and Personal and Household Goods
27,183
24,736
25,916
28,742
29,215
26,600
27,327
30,299
Transport, Storage and Communications
66,341
65,897
66,603
71,306
71,452
68,900
70,854
79,182
Financial Intermediation
23,250
23,157
25,270
19,518
20,998
21,242
23,147
18,622
Real Estate, Renting and Business Activities
28,168
27,904
30,771
30,172
30,164
29,484
30,188
30,492
24,400
22,866
23,763
23,107
24,551
22,913
23,588
24,230
19,976
20,096
20,551
20,434
21,094
20,166
20,739
21,812
9,545
9,442
10,059
10,728
10,188
9,699
10,475
11,076
13,045
13,097
13,601
14,345
14,162
13,954
14,380
14,799
887
796
855
833
956
834
847
739
717,789
685,245
714,340
754,606
764,339
727,229
731,689
785,144
Public Administration and Defence; Compulsory Social Security Education Health and Social Work Other Community, Social and Personal Service Activities Private Households with Employed Persons Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
(Continued on page 6)
November 2005
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TABLE 3
(CONTINUED) (millions of baht)
2001
Agriculture
2002
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4 104,597
82,368
69,480
60,528
107,640
83,970
71,328
63,456
Agriculture, Hunting and Forestry
69,093
58,213
49,016
93,836
71,186
60,485
52,309
89,596
Fishing
13,275
11,267
11,512
13,804
12,784
10,843
11,147
15,001
695,155
673,658
686,356
698,416
727,914
710,800
726,330
749,164
14,832
16,585
17,184
16,021
17,271
18,117
19,036
17,317
282,105
271,300
272,831
285,221
294,908
287,247
293,772
311,882
Electricity, Gas and Water Supply
24,728
26,562
26,525
26,122
26,384
28,052
27,302
28,399
Construction
18,659
17,325
24,663
15,824
19,483
20,630
24,669
15,826
Non-Agriculture Mining and Quarrying Manufacturing
Wholesale and Retail Trade; Repair of Motor Vehicles, 125,065
117,665
113,135
113,704
126,273
118,586
115,896
117,647
Hotels and Restaurants
Motorcycles and Personal and Household Goods
31,095
28,029
28,382
31,158
32,338
28,941
29,616
33,150
Transport, Storage and Communications
75,314
74,669
75,582
84,493
80,358
78,623
80,107
92,181
Financial Intermediation
20,836
21,448
23,825
19,648
22,591
23,715
26,813
23,088
Real Estate, Renting and Business Activities
30,303
29,844
31,119
31,165
31,440
31,374
32,788
32,688
Public Administration and Defence; Compulsory 25,309
24,035
24,580
24,923
27,990
26,718
25,923
26,175
Education
Social Security
20,822
20,445
21,656
22,033
21,328
21,546
21,942
22,171
Health and Social Work
10,580
10,408
11,392
12,093
11,219
10,701
11,614
11,257
Other Community, Social and Personal Service Activities
14,576
14,464
14,610
15,253
15,388
15,684
15,988
16,606
931
879
872
758
943
866
864
777
777,523
743,138
746,884
806,056
811,884
782,128
789,786
853,761
Private Households with Employed Persons Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
2003p Q1 Agriculture
Q2
2004p1 Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
2005p1 Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
92,420
78,405
69,268
111,419
90,595
73,845
65,635
107,776
83,410
72,145
Agriculture, Hunting and Forestry
78,833
67,284
57,876
96,086
75,132
63,531
55,141
90,745
66,645
60,879
Fishing
13,587
11,121
11,392
15,333
15,463
10,314
10,494
17,031
16,765
11,266
753,251 774,236
852,181
Non-Agriculture Mining and Quarrying Manufacturing
773,153 18,565 325,080
807,892
832,997
811,329
829,257
860,227
871,085
19,958
19,051
19,661
20,162
20,747
20,090
20,926
21,278
319,360 321,057
345,704
358,303
342,665
348,075
372,093
370,978
364,702
19,033
Electricity, Gas and Water Supply
27,511
30,007
28,509
29,203
28,536
31,632
30,792
30,642
30,963
33,771
Construction
18,415
20,656
26,241
17,938
21,053
22,161
28,711
21,926
23,835
24,122
123,228 119,758
Wholesale and Retail Trade; Repair of Motor Vehicles, 121,651
135,322
126,515
123,159
125,177
139,278
129,427
Hotels and Restaurants
Motorcycles and Personal and Household Goods
130,730 31,525
25,158
29,234
33,480
32,099
32,307
34,003
35,533
31,467
33,249
Transport, Storage and Communications
85,164
79,087
83,566
95,844
90,212
87,348
90,564
102,051
94,589
91,669
Financial Intermediation
25,825
27,274
30,892
27,758
29,168
31,822
34,481
32,105
34,325
34,151
Real Estate, Renting and Business Activities
32,965
32,837
34,278
34,770
34,912
35,400
37,242
37,453
37,390
36,931
Public Administration and Defence; Compulsory 27,904
27,010
28,161
27,806
29,041
27,500
27,223
27,351
30,173
28,104
Education
Social Security
21,893
22,306
22,136
22,309
22,571
23,300
22,118
21,993
23,256
23,456
Health and Social Work
10,384
9,978
11,616
11,348
11,047
10,627
11,400
11,484
12,002
10,765
Other Community, Social and Personal Service Activities 16,246
16,423
17,927
20,222
20,095
18,959
19,806
21,492
20,902
19,643
894
903
808
977
931
936
837
1,001
913
831,656 843,504
919,311
923,592
885,174
894,892
968,003
954,495
924,326
Private Households with Employed Persons Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
946 865,573
Remarks: p = Preliminary based on annual figure. p1 = Without annual figure. Source: National Economic and Social Development Board.
6
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TABLE 4
QUARTERLY GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AT 1988 PRICES (PERCENTAGE CHANGE) 1999 Q1
Agriculture
2000
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
2001 Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4 6.9
3.8
5.5
6.0
-2.6
3.1
13.6
8.5
5.7
2.3
1.8
0.1
Agriculture, Hunting and Forestry
3.0
6.9
5.8
-1.1
4.9
12.8
10.5
5.2
1.8
2.8
0.5
9.1
Fishing
7.6
-0.8
6.7
-10.9
-5.6
17.8
1.2
8.7
4.8
-3.4
-1.5
-6.2
Non-Agriculture Mining and Quarrying Manufacturing Electricity, Gas and Water Supply Construction
-0.7
3.2
8.6
7.9
6.9
5.4
1.9
3.8
1.7
2.2
2.3
2.0
0.7
10.1
8.1
14.1
13.9
7.9
3.4
-1.9
-7.3
2.6
4.2
2.8
5.3
10.0
17.7
15.0
9.4
8.1
2.9
4.2
1.3
1.7
1.1
1.4
-4.0
-5.3
12.8
10.6
11.5
13.4
2.7
12.5
6.4
6.1
9.0
4.6
-25.2
3.3
0.0
-3.8
8.3
-11.8
-12.8
-18.6
-5.8
-8.9
7.4
8.8 -2.6
Wholesale and Retail Trade; Repair of Motor Vehicles, 3.1
1.4
4.8
4.4
3.6
5.9
2.8
2.3
1.2
-0.5
-2.6
Hotels and Restaurants
Motorcycles and Personal and Household Goods
4.6
2.9
6.6
9.9
7.5
7.5
5.4
5.4
6.4
5.4
3.9
2.8
Transport, Storage and Communications
1.5
10.1
6.4
7.0
7.7
4.6
6.4
11.0
5.4
8.4
6.7
6.7
-42.9
-39.9
-24.5
-23.0
-9.7
-8.3
-8.4
-4.6
-0.8
1.0
2.9
5.5
-1.9
-1.6
7.3
9.9
7.1
5.7
-1.9
1.1
0.5
1.2
3.1
2.2 2.9
Financial Intermediation Real Estate, Renting and Business Activities Public Administration and Defence; Compulsory
1.1
5.6
5.6
-1.2
0.6
0.2
-0.7
4.9
3.1
4.9
4.2
Education
Social Security
3.0
6.5
3.5
-9.2
5.6
0.3
0.9
6.7
-1.3
1.4
4.4
1.0
Health and Social Work
8.8
6.7
2.7
7.9
6.7
2.7
4.1
3.2
3.8
7.3
8.8
9.2
2.0
10.3
16.8
18.1
8.6
6.5
5.7
3.2
2.9
3.7
1.6
3.1
3.6
-12.6
2.3
4.4
7.8
4.8
-0.9
-11.3
-2.6
5.4
3.0
2.6
8.4
6.4
6.5 6.1 2003p
2.4
4.0
1.7 2004p1
2.2
2.1 2.7 2005p1
Other Community, Social and Personal Service Activities Private Households with Employed Persons Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
-0.2 Q1
Agriculture
3.4 2002 Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
1.9
2.7
4.8
-2.8
10.1
9.9
9.2
6.5
-2.0
-5.8
-5.2
-3.3
-7.9
-2.3
3.0
3.9
6.7
-4.5
10.7
11.2
10.6
7.2
-4.7
-5.6
-4.7
-5.6
-11.3
-4.2
-3.7
-3.8
-3.2
8.7
6.3
2.6
2.2
2.2
13.8
-7.3
-7.9
11.1
8.4
9.2
4.7
5.5
5.8
7.3
6.2
6.0
6.6
7.8
7.7
7.7
7.1
6.5
4.6
5.0
16.4
9.2
10.8
8.1
7.5
5.1
4.8
10.0
5.9
5.9
4.0
5.5
6.4
5.5
Manufacturing
4.5
5.9
7.7
9.3
10.2
11.2
9.3
10.8
10.2
7.3
8.4
7.6
3.5
6.4
Electricity, Gas and Water Supply
6.7
5.6
2.9
8.7
4.3
7.0
4.4
2.8
3.7
5.4
8.0
4.9
8.5
6.8
Construction
4.4
19.1
0.0
0.0
-5.5
0.1
6.4
13.3
14.3
7.3
9.4
22.2
13.2
8.8
Agriculture, Hunting and Forestry Fishing Non-Agriculture Mining and Quarrying
Wholesale and Retail Trade; Repair of Motor Vehicles, 1.0
0.8
2.4
3.5
3.5
3.9
3.3
3.4
3.5
2.7
2.8
2.9
2.9
2.3
Hotels and Restaurants
Motorcycles and Personal and Household Goods
4.0
3.3
4.3
6.4
-2.5
-13.1
-1.3
1.0
1.8
28.4
16.3
6.1
-2.0
2.9
Transport, Storage and Communications
6.7
5.3
6.0
9.1
6.0
0.6
4.3
4.0
5.9
10.4
8.4
6.5
4.9
4.9
Financial Intermediation
8.4
10.6
12.5
17.5
14.3
15.0
15.2
20.2
12.9
16.7
11.6
15.7
17.7
7.3
Real Estate, Renting and Business Activities
3.8
5.1
5.4
4.9
4.9
4.7
4.5
6.4
5.9
7.8
8.6
7.7
7.1
4.3
Public Administration and Defence; Compulsory 10.6
11.2
5.5
5.0
-0.3
1.1
8.6
6.2
4.1
1.8
-3.3
-1.6
3.9
2.2
Education
Social Security
2.4
5.4
1.3
0.6
2.6
3.5
0.9
0.6
3.1
4.5
-0.1
-1.4
3.0
0.7
Health and Social Work
6.0
2.8
1.9
-6.9
-7.4
-6.8
0.0
0.8
6.4
6.5
-1.9
1.2
8.6
1.3
Other Community, Social and Personal Service Activities Private Households with Employed Persons Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
5.6
8.4
9.4
8.9
5.6
4.7
12.1
21.8
23.7
15.4
10.5
6.3
4.0
3.6
1.3
-1.5
-0.9
2.5
0.3
3.2
4.5
4.0
3.3
4.1
3.7
3.6
2.5
-1.9
4.4
5.2
5.7
5.9
6.6
6.3
6.8
7.7
6.7
6.4
6.1
5.3
3.3
4.4
Remarks: p = Preliminary based on annual figure. p1 = Without annual figure. Source: Calculated from Table 3.
November 2005
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7
TABLE 5
BALANCE OF PAYMENTS (SUMMARY) (millions of baht)
Exports (f.o.b.)
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
1,378,902
1,789,833
2,181,082
2,150,049
2,730,943
2,802,530
2,837,663
3,233,116
3,868,600
0
30
22
-1
27
3
1
14
20
-1,796,549
-1,874,598
-1,677,953
-1,800,131
-2,513,501
-2,691,579
-2,719,439
-3,077,529
-3,800,928
(% change) Imports (c.i.f.) (% change) Trade Balance Net Services Income & Transfers Receipts Payments Current Account Balance Capital and Financial Account Monetary Authorities
2
4
-10
7
40
7
1
13
24
-417,647
-84,765
503,129
349,918
217,442
110,951
118,224
155,587
67,672 216,171
45,488
44,543
89,041
120,070
154,070
163,859
183,805
173,593
573,456
641,347
714,596
700,761
764,347
792,253
847,457
833,646
990,318
-527,968
-596,804
-625,555
-580,691
-610,277
-628,394
-663,652
-660,053
-774,147
-372,159
-40,222
592,170
469,988
371,512
274,810
302,029
329,180
283,843
493,530
-161,971
-413,435
-297,502
-405,448
-203,550
-181,574
-334,456
31,422
0
55,750
159,270
148,828
-6,701
-18,052
172,115
104,512
118,681 -66,396
1/
Government
10,246
62,802
24,662
39,110
2,909
14,405
-63,634
-25,761
126,771
-227,095
-524,633
-397,846
-263,983
-89,678
73,463
-98,406
37,571
356,513
-53,428
-72,734
-87,594
-137,673
-110,225
-363,518
-314,801
-58,434
Net Errors & Omissions
-66,763
-97,017
-121,112
209
-24,504
-13,694
60,366
7,455
-85,338
Balance of Payments
54,608
-299,210
57,623
172,695
-58,440
57,566
180,821
2,179
229,927
Bank
2/
Others
3/
Remarks:
1/ 2/ 3/
Including Bank of Thailand’s borrowing and other offshore transactions. Starting from 2001 onwards, the items include also IBF’s out-out transactions. Including non-bank and state enterprises.
Source: Bank of Thailand.
TABLE 6
EXPORTS AND IMPORTS BY MAJOR SECTOR
EXPORTS (millions of baht) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
Agriculture Fisheries Forestry Mining Manufacturing Samples and Other Unclassified Goods Re-export
8. Total Exports 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
SHARE (percent) Agriculture Fisheries Forestry Mining Manufacturing Samples and Other Unclassified Goods Re-export
8. Total Exports 1. 2. 3. 4.
IMPORTS (millions of baht) Consumer Goods Intermediate Products Capital Goods Other Imports
5. Total Imports 1. 2. 3. 4.
SHARE (percent) Consumer Goods Intermediate Products Capital Goods Other Imports
5. Total Imports
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
167,131 63,511 1,002 10,404 1,151,365 16,106 2,592
183,962 72,227 1,285 16,561 1,489,055 37,509 6,100
211,092 89,268 1,355 17,869 1,849,753 71,892 6,225
184,947 78,851 2,448 13,886 1,865,705 64,551 4,790
197,117 91,744 3,429 31,425 2,371,869 74,529 3,713
212,423 89,983 4,197 26,314 2,454,202 95,433 4,242
221,350 70,422 6,306 30,329 2,504,718 84,585 6,230
275,571 72,989 7,897 38,156 2,854,351 71,589 5,461
321,302 71,384 10,521 50,465 3,403,816 58,453 6,469
1,412,111
1,806,699
2,247,454
2,215,178
2,773,826
2,886,794
2,923,940
3,326,014
3,922,410
11.84 4.5 0.07 0.74 81.54 1.14 0.18
10.18 4 0.07 0.92 82.42 2.08 0.34
9.39 3.97 0.06 0.8 82.3 3.2 0.28
8.35 3.56 0.11 0.63 84.22 2.91 0.22
7.11 3.31 0.12 1.13 85.51 2.69 0.13
7.36 3.12 0.15 0.91 85.01 3.31 0.15
7.57 2.41 0.22 1.04 85.66 2.89 0.21
8.29 2.19 0.24 1.15 85.82 2.15 0.16
8.19 1.82 0.27 1.29 86.78 1.49 0.16
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
192,720 473,619 844,509 321,988
204,839 496,328 941,143 281,971
202,410 484,029 894,279 193,358
210,631 532,546 908,336 255,879
265,325 672,559 1,164,483 391,775
278,063 705,512 1,311,598 457,257
293,658 734,956 1,276,341 469,885
321,084 837,178 1,419,386 560,275
358,343 1,071,250 1,649,428 760,733
1,832,836
1,924,281
1,774,076
1,907,392
2,494,142
2,752,430
2,774,840
3,137,923
3,839,754
10.51 25.84 46.08 17.57
10.64 25.79 48.91 14.65
11.41 27.28 50.41 10.9
11.04 27.92 47.62 13.42
10.64 26.97 46.69 15.71
10.10 25.63 47.65 16.61
10.58 26.49 46.00 16.93
10.23 26.68 45.23 17.85
9.33 27.90 42.96 19.81
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
Source: Bank of Thailand. Monthly Bulletin.
8
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TABLE 7
TRADE BY COUNTRY (millions of baht)
Canada China France Germany Hong Kong
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
Exports
15,176
19,875
25,504
26,605
31,226
35,026
34,599
38,969
42,628
Imports
13,812
12,887
10,688
12,663
13,821
15,372
16,816
16,163
20,130
Exports
47,371
55,497
72,854
70,569
113,282
127,204
152,591
236,058
285,918
Imports
49,501
69,466
74,806
94,595
135,701
165,060
211,706
251,071
329,772
Exports
25,142
28,961
36,367
31,449
35,809
36,982
35,219
39,468
48,435
Imports
28,931
25,938
34,330
49,463
31,078
41,365
36,379
41,748
42,029
Exports
40,827
44,639
63,997
55,199
65,921
69,574
65,896
74,418
72,349
Imports
92,608
91,071
76,256
60,167
78,442
113,829
105,411
105,080
114,366 198,956
Exports
82,121
107,539
115,187
112,791
139,780
146,405
158,164
179,136
Imports
21,641
25,403
31,613
26,720
35,579
36,639
39,046
44,458
53,609
Japan
Exports
237,523
270,765
308,415
312,843
408,341
441,918
427,025
472,263
543,567
Imports
518,107
492,079
420,297
464,573
615,662
613,580
639,104
755,894
906,052
Malaysia
Exports
51,071
77,679
73,247
80,460
113,406
120,983
121,629
160,509
213,256
Imports
91,380
91,579
90,297
95,221
134,622
136,698
156,372
187,616
222,710
Exports
45,384
58,149
89,608
83,145
90,537
89,961
81,195
98,240
104,084
Imports
15,097
20,353
18,420
19,905
21,311
23,258
21,262
25,517
26,217
Singapore
Exports
171,042
199,446
194,487
192,177
241,868
233,072
238,241
243,109
282,188
Imports
101,409
96,916
98,781
113,038
137,050
126,626
124,683
135,322
167,683
South Korea
Exports
25,661
30,808
25,743
34,498
50,834
54,602
60,016
65,816
74,585
Imports
67,991
68,718
61,921
66,816
87,171
94,243
108,460
120,642
144,350
Exports
36,024
49,368
71,368
77,348
96,669
85,130
84,597
107,193
104,583
Imports
79,682
88,141
92,277
89,409
116,412
115,559
124,752
133,718
160,427
Exports
46,561
66,442
88,453
79,196
95,060
103,417
102,635
107,116
121,882
Imports
40,340
39,678
29,626
27,662
38,210
43,659
36,635
38,526
51,234
Exports
253,800
354,552
500,788
479,361
591,687
584,481
579,069
565,097
623,047
Imports
228,974
267,303
249,747
243,463
293,581
318,732
265,804
296,331
291,564
Netherland
Taiwan United Kingdom U. S. A.
Source: Bank of Thailand. Monthly Bulletin.
TABLE 8
MAJOR EXPORT ITEMS
Principal Expor7ts
Major Export Items
Growth
(millions of baht)
(percent)
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004p
2001
2002
2003
2004p
Textile Products
189,167
195,860
179,589
183,570
205,947
3.54
-8.31
2.22
12.19
Computers and Parts
338,641
342,823
311,799
332,839
362,118
1.23
-9.05
6.75
8.80
Integrated Circuits and Parts
179,287
154,810
141,737
191,540
199,360
-13.65
-8.44
35.14
4.08
63,379
74,789
76,585
80,175
90,899
18.00
2.40
4.69
13.38
Precious Stones and Jewelry Footwear
33,479
37,244
33,129
33,189
30,629
11.25
-11.05
0.18
-7.71
Electrical Appliance
211,307
219,173
242,499
267,252
340,005
3.72
10.64
10.21
27.22
Canned Food
103,655
109,873
108,025
114,287
116,687
6.00
-1.68
5.80
2.10
Rice
65,557
70,095
70,003
75,774
108,393
6.92
-0.13
8.24
43.05
Tapioca Products
20,281
21,686
14,870
18,259
23,989
6.93
-31.43
22.79
31.38
Rubber
60,712
58,705
74,603
115,798
137,606
-3.31
27.08
55.22
18.83
Shrimp
60,255
54,733
34,406
35,917
32,523
-9.16
-37.14
4.39
-9.45
Frozen Fowl
15,806
24,073
23,060
24,836
1,754
52.30
-4.21
7.70
-92.94
Telecommunication Equipment
35,530
35,354
37,534
44,987
42,761
-0.50
6.17
19.86
-4.95
Vehicle Parts and Accessories
101,300
122,874
128,825
171,409
240,410
21.30
4.84
33.06
40.26
Plastic Products
110,380
112,365
117,889
141,564
186,435
1.80
4.92
20.08
31.70
1,588,736
1,634,457
1,594,553
1,831,396
2,119,516
2.88
-2.44
14.85
15.73
TOTAL PRINCIPAL EXPORTS Remark:
p = Preliminary.
Source:
Bank of Thailand. Monthly Bulletin.
November 2005
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9
TABLE 9
CAPITAL FLOWS IN THAILAND
CAPITAL FLOWS (millions of baht)
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004 31,422
493,530
-161,971
-413,435
-297,502
-405,448
-203,550
-181,574
-334,456
1. Direct Investment
35,597
109,737
300,162
217,989
137,581
157,950
37,014
60,545
42,240
2. Portfolio Investment (Equity Securities)
28,437
122,303
14,270
35,589
35,295
15,404
23,212
72,283
-19,412
429,496
-394,011
-727,867
-551,080
-578,324
-376,904
-241,800
-467,284
8,594
3. Loans SHARE (percent) 1. Direct Investment
7.21
-67.75
-72.60
-73.27
-33.93
-77.60
-20.39
-18.10
134.43
5.76
-75.51
-3.45
-11.96
-8.71
-7.57
-12.78
-21.61
-61.78
87.03
243.26
176.05
185.24
142.64
185.17
133.17
139.71
27.35 109.39
2. Portfolio Investment 3. Loans GROWTH RATE (percent) Total 1. Direct Investment 2. Portfolio Investment
-9.58
-132.82
-155.25
28.04
-36.28
49.80
10.80
-84.20
20.99
208.28
173.53
-27.38
-36.89
14.81
-76.57
63.57
-30.23
-49.29
330.08
-88.33
149.40
-0.83
-56.36
50.69
211.40
-126.86
-6.70
-191.74
-84.73
24.29
-4.94
34.83
35.85
-93.25
101.84
3. Loans Source: Bank of Thailand. Monthly Bulletin.
TABLE 10 NET FLOWS OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT, CLASSIFIED BY COUNTRIES 1/ 2/ 3/ 4/ (millions of baht)
COUNTRY
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004p
ASEAN 6/ Australia Canada China European Union 5/ Hong Kong Japan South Korea Switzerland Taiw an United States of America Others
7,920 864 28 99 4,257 5,444 13,250 628 1,316 3,492 10,870 9,304
10,669 3,824 53 -284 10,696 14,816 42,371 914 3,943 4,605 25,835 254
24,052 1,526 128 217 37,529 16,571 60,478 2,799 3,078 4,073 51,800 7,636
21,352 490 113 -81 51,940 8,862 18,558 205 2,268 4,582 24,137 2,165
16,336 1,112 370 305 20,997 13,356 35,493 -166 1,338 6,286 25,577 -5,719
159,930 602 182 83 -34,579 9,757 100,371 1,135 2,108 5,224 40,379 -112,551
52,760 -591 757 834 -17,828 1,087 27,298 1,781 663 3,144 -10,134 -14,841
27,982 451 718 866 1,083 14,168 33,643 1,153 2,300 3,274 -7,285 -824
13,380 3,453 282 38 2,905 2,281 27,578 1,403 3,190 4,621 -1,156 -24,880
Total
57,472
117,696
209,888
134,592
115,286
172,640
44,929
77,529
33,094
Growth COUNTRY ASEAN 6/ Australia Canada China European Union 5/ Hong Kong Japan South Korea Switzerland Taiw an United States of America Others Total Remarks:
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004p
93.18
34.71
125.44
-11.23
-23.49
878.99
-67.01
-46.96
-52.18
37.78 -147.78 113.36 -5.02 -21.65 -4.37 103.89 231.80 45.19 67.98 -9.72
342.83 88.42 -387.23 151.26 172.16 219.77 45.50 199.62 31.88 137.67 -97.27
-60.11 142.72 -176.40 250.87 11.85 42.73 206.17 -21.93 -11.55 100.50 2,901.85
-67.89 -11.62 -137.37 38.40 -46.52 -69.31 -92.67 -26.32 12.49 -53.40 -71.64
127.00 227.24 -475.96 -59.57 50.71 91.26 -180.69 -40.99 37.19 5.97 -364.13
-45.88 -50.98 -72.78 -264.68 -26.94 182.79 -784.95 57.54 -16.90 57.87 1,867.91
-198.19 317.24 903.07 -48.44 -88.86 -72.80 56.99 -68.55 -39.81 -125.10 -86.81
-176.38 -5.26 3.90 -106.08 1,204.00 23.24 -35.24 246.96 4.12 -28.11 -94.45
665.02 -60.74 -95.67 168.24 -83.90 -18.03 21.64 38.69 41.15 -84.13 2,918.19
15.20
104.79
78.33
-35.87
-14.34
49.75
-73.98
72.56
-57.31
The figures cover investment in non-bank sector only. Direct investment = Equity investment plus loans from related companies. 3/ From November 2000 onwards, data on direct investment through non-resident baht account are more complete due to the change in the foreign transaction reporting form. 4/ From April 2004 onwards inputs for private financial flow data are obtained through data sets electronically. 5/ Since May 2004, EU comprises 25 countries: Austria, Belgium, Germany, Denmark, Spain, Finland, France, United Kingdom, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Sweden, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Slovakia, Poland and Slovenia. 6/ Since 1999, ASEAN comprises 9 countries including: Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar and Vietnam. p = Preliminary. 1/ 2/
Source: Bank of Thailand.
10
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TABLE 11 NET FLOWS OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN THAILAND, CLASSIFIED BY BUSINESS 1/ 2/ 3/ 4/ (millions of baht)
SECTOR
1995
FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS TRADE CONSTRUCTION MINING AND QUARRYING AGRICULTURE MANUFACTURING
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004p
643
1,822
3,733
34,506
9,253
5,267
-9,118
-12,384
-10,253
-9,430
11,112
13,797
3,398
42,646
39,384
2,090
42,610
20,249
19,444
-10,277
906
1,782
5,797
8,235
-5,853
-5
-140
150
1,340
2,251
1,419
490
653
1,011
-1,587
-11,052
23,158
-4,167
-217
1,023
232
51
37
19
70
28
79
45
827
-422
14,114
17,943
58,321
89,566
47,949
74,940
99,114
22,083
21,248
20,283
- Food and Sugar
973
1,143
6,966
3,038
3,523
3,776
4,699
-3,136
4,007
7,402
- Textiles
941
1,247
1,493
4,910
774
-168
2,518
1,047
1,492
-29
- Metallic & Nonmetallic Products
2,302
2,851
6,607
14,091
9,862
-3,387
15,743
3,934
1,482
7,514
- Electrical Appliances
5,812
6,095
18,436
10,878
16,443
21,083
29,597
-3,232
-4,549
-4,568
- Machinery & Transport Equipment
3,597
2,749
12,873
26,515
14,690
27,058
19,168
9,445
5,366
14,062
2,333
4,632
6,053
9,434
234
16,697
2,613
3,510
2,442
-99
-4,019
-6,332
453
13,134
314
1,408
12,468
1,423
202
-14,650
- Chemicals - Petroleum Products - Construction Materials - Others SERVICES
626
88
-394
863
1,414
2,189
-155
951
-1,542
321
1,549
5,470
5,836
6,703
694
6,284
12,463
8,140
12,348
10,328
2,186
3,162
9,076
11,474
18,207
18,697
6,922
27,416
-556
9,078
INVESTMENT & HOLDING COMPANY
-1,954
-540
994
14,749
21,878
4,006
-2,124
-27,134
12,758
-8,394
REAL ESTATE
21,246
19,054
3,467
1,126
5,660
2,725
4,861
1,106
5,886
1,694
OTHERS TOTAL
-17
-89
1,657
6,556
-368
18,589
7,277
17,564
27,053
27,289
49,887
57,472
117,696
209,888
134,592
115,286
172,640
44,929
77,529
33,094
(Growth rate) SECTOR FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS TRADE CONSTRUCTION MINING AND QUARRYING AGRICULTURE MANUFACTURING - Food and Sugar - Textiles
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004p
276.02
183.36
104.88
824.35
-73.19
-43.07
-273.09
35.82
-17.21
-8.02
29.80
24.16
-75.37
1,155.03
-7.65
-94.69
1,938.82
-52.48
-3.98
-152.86
-48.29
96.69
225.31
42.06
-171.08
-99.92
2,894.82
-207.18
795.05
68.01
8.32
-65.47
33.27
54.82
-257.01
596.21
-309.54
-117.99
-94.79
-570.88
-246.84
-78.02
-27.45
-48.65
270.08
-59.86
181.26
-43.21
1,735.49
-151.03
9.64 -10.82
27.13 17.47
225.03 509.45
53.57 -56.39
-46.47 15.98
56.29 7.16
32.26 24.46
-77.72 -166.73
-3.78 -227.78
-4.54 84.74
8.29
32.52
19.73
228.87
-84.23
-121.69
-1,599.22
-58.41
42.42
-101.92
- Metallic & Nonmetallic Products
103.18
23.85
131.74
113.27
-30.01
-134.34
-564.81
-75.01
-62.32
406.93
- Electrical Appliances
289.02
4.87
202.48
-41.00
51.16
28.22
40.38
-110.92
40.76
0.42
1,103.01
-23.58
368.28
105.97
-44.60
84.20
-29.16
-50.73
-43.19
162.07
- Machinery & Transport Equipment - Chemicals
178.40
98.54
30.68
55.86
-97.52
7,031.67
-84.35
34.32
-30.44
-104.04
- Petroleum Products
-613.94
57.55
-107.15
2,799.34
-97.61
348.43
785.51
-88.58
-85.78
-7,338.78
- Construction Materials
385.27
-85.94
-547.73
-319.04
63.90
54.78
-107.07
-713.98
-262.25
-120.84
- Others
-75.17
253.13
6.69
14.86
-89.64
805.23
98.34
-34.69
51.70
-16.36
55.70
44.65
187.03
26.42
58.68
2.69
-62.98
296.10
-102.03
-1,731.59
-153.24
-72.36
-284.07
1,383.80
48.33
-81.69
-153.03
1,177.41
-147.02
-165.79
SERVICES INVESTMENT & HOLDING COMPANY REAL ESTATE OTHERS TOTAL Notes:
79.09
-10.32
-81.80
-67.52
402.65
-51.86
78.42
-77.25
432.23
-71.23
-99.79
423.53
-1,961.80
295.65
-105.61
-5,154.28
-60.85
141.37
54.02
0.88
50.08
15.20
104.79
78.33
-35.87
-14.34
49.75
-73.98
72.56
-57.31
The figures cover investment in non-bank sector only. From November 2000 onwards, data on direct investment through non-resident baht account are more complete due to the change in the foreign transaction reporting form. 3/ Direct investment = Equity investment plus loans from related companies. 4/ From April 2004 onwards inputs for private financial flow data are obtained through data sets electronically. p = Preliminary. 1/ 2/
Source: Bank of Thailand. Monthly Bulletin.
November 2005
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11
TABLE 12 EXTERNAL DEBT OUTSTANDINGS (millions of U.S. dollars)
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
16,402
16,801
24,082
31,578
36,228
33,913
28,306
23,305
16,959
14,930
16,317
16,747
24,062
31,428
36,098
33,887
28,159
22,918
16,574
14,642
85
54
20
150
130
26
147
387
385
288
External Debt Public Sector Long-term Short-term
1/
General Government
4,876
5,152
6,051
6,947
8,888
8,886
8,734
7,612
7,306
5,779
Long-term
4,791
5,118
6,051
6,947
8,888
8,860
8,587
7,250
6,921
5,491
Short-term
85
34
-
-
-
26
147
362
385
288
11,526
11,649
10,874
13,427
14,523
13,008
11,247
10,791
9,653
9,151
Long-term
11,526
11,629
10,854
13,277
14,393
13,008
11,247
10,766
9,653
9,151
Short-term
-
20
20
150
130
-
-
25
-
-
Monetary Authorities
-
-
7,157
11,204
12,817
12,019
8,325
4,902
-
-
Use of IMF Credit
-
-
2,429
3,239
3,431
3,062
1,679
389
-
-
Others
-
-
4,728
7,965
9,386
8,957
6,646
4,513
-
-
Private Sector
State Enterprises
5/
84,430
91,941
85,194
73,484
58,823
45,802
39,203
36,154
34,824
36,382
Long-term
32,117
44,252
46,920
45,213
39,414
31,134
25,961
24,622
24,305
24,496
Short-term
52,313
47,689
38,274
28,271
19,409
14,668
13,242
11,532
10,519
11,886
Commercial Bank
14,436
10,682
9,141
6,486
4,596
3,921
3,262
2,963
2,790
3,043
Long-term
4,443
2,314
3,923
3,940
2,967
2,580
1,765
1,529
1,271
1,733
Short-term
9,993
8,368
5,218
2,546
1,629
1,341
1,497
1,434
1,519
1,310
27,503
31,187
30,080
21,836
13,106
8,236
6,092
5,173
4,255
4,026
Long-term
3,799
10,697
10,895
6,945
5,269
4,151
2,569
2,400
2,458
2,651
Short-term
23,704
20,490
19,185
14,891
7,837
4,085
3,523
2,773
1,797
1,375
3/ 5/
42,491
50,072
45,973
45,162
41,121
33,645
29,849
28,018
27,779
29,313
Long-term
23,875
31,241
32,102
34,328
31,178
24,403
21,627
20,693
20,576
20,112
BIBF
2/
Non-Bank
Short-term Total
4/
Long-term Short-term
1/
18,616
18,831
13,871
10,834
9,943
9,242
8,222
7,325
7,203
9,201
100,832
108,742
109,276
105,062
95,051
79,715
67,509
59,459
51,783
51,312
48,434
60,999
70,982
76,641
75,512
65,021
54,120
47,540
40,879
39,138
52,398
47,743
38,294
28,421
19,539
14,694
13,389
11,919
10,904
12,174
Debt / GDP (%)
60
60
70
93
78
67
56
49
40
36
International Reserves / Short-term Debt (%)
71
81
70
104
178
222
247
327
387
409
Debt Service Payments
8,253
9,024
11,629
14,430
14,136
12,893
16,081
16,273
15,284
9,861
Principal
4,059
3,822
6,071
8,951
9,623
8,811
12,718
13,887
13,423
8,175
Interest
4,194
5,202
5,558
5,479
4,513
4,082
3,363
2,386
1,861
1,686
Public Sector
2,029
1,845
1,959
2,192
2,877
3,355
6,233
6,576
7,220
2,222
Principal
1,125
987
1,077
906
1,373
1,682
4,760
5,534
6,483
1,618
904
858
882
1,286
1,504
1,673
1,473
1,042
737
604
Interest Private Sector
6,224
7,179
9,670
12,238
11,259
9,538
9,848
9,697
8,064
7,639
Principal
2,934
2,835
4,994
8,045
8,250
7,129
7,958
8,353
6,940
6,557
Interest
3,290
4,344
4,676
4,193
3,009
2,409
1,890
1,344
1,124
1,082
72,287
73,497
74,169
67,518
72,917
83,454
77,347
82,863
95,514
116,737
Export of Goods and Services Debt Service Ratio (%)
11.4
12.3
15.7
21.4
19.4
15.4
20.8
19.6
16.0
8.4
Public Sector
2.8
2.5
2.7
3.3
4.0
4.0
8.1
7.9
7.6
1.9
Private Sector
8.6
9.8
13.0
18.1
15.4
11.4
12.7
11.7
8.4
6.5
Remarks:
1/ 2/ 3/ 4/ 5/
Short-term external debt is defined as debt that has an original maturity of one year or less. BIBF’s debt, which was compiled according to remaining maturity since the establishment of BIBF’s activities in 1993 has been adjusted to original maturity basis since January 1996, consistent with other external debt items. Non-bank debt is based on BOT’s external debt survey result as of end-1998. Historical series have been adjusted back to 1995 using flow data obtained through the International Transactions Reporting System (ITRS). Commencing 1999 debt statistics released are quarterly series. In the case where quarterly survey result is not yet finalized, monthly series are estimated by applying ITRS’s flow data with survey result of the previous quarter. Starting December 1998, debt of the suspended financial institutions has been removed from non-bank sector and reclassified as FIDF’s debt, which is part of state enterprises. The figure has regularly been adjusted to keep track of existing nonresident holders.
Source: Bank of Thailand.
12
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Thailand Economic Information Kit
TABLE 13 INTERNATIONAL RESERVES
1/
(millions of U.S. dollars)
Monetary Authorities : Gold 2/ SDRs Reserve Position in the IMF Foreign Exchange Total Monetary Authorities : Gold 2/ SDRs Reserve Position in the IMF Foreign Exchange Total Remarks:
1/
2/
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
949 16 30 1,561 2,555
768 2 28 1,890 2,689
813 2 32 2,157 3,004
972 33 35 2,736 3,776
1,204 60 41 3,906 5,212
1,015 61 39 5,997 7,112
993 17 38 9,461 10,509
968 13 45 13,247 14,273
899 8 222 17,287 18,416
823 12 334 20,012 21,182
967 22 373 24,078 25,439
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
947 32 416 28,884 30,279
963 45 556 35,463 37,027
914 60 559 37,192 38,725
713 482 75 25,697 26,968
711 391 0 28,434 29,536
718 258 0 33,805 34,781
645 83 0 31,933 32,661
686 5 0 32,357 33,048
869 4 0 38,051 38,924
1,071 0 112 40,965 42,148
1,167 2 166 48,498 49,832
- From April 2000 onwards, all components of reserves are marked to market. - Non interest-baring deposits worth SDR 6.1 million which has previously been reported under “SDRs” category is now reclassified as “Foreign exchange.” The series has been adjusted back to December 2001. For the period December 1978 through December 1979, the national practice was to revalue gold monthly on the basis of the London market price on the last working day of the month. From January 1980 through March 2000, this revaluation has been made annually at the end of the year.
Source: Bank of Thailand.
TABLE 14 EXCHANGE RATE * (baht per U.S. dollar)
1996 25.27 25.22 25.21 25.25 25.27 25.32 25.32 25.25 25.34 25.44 25.43 25.53
January February March April May June July August September October November December
1997 25.69 25.90 25.92 26.03 25.84 25.75 30.16 32.41 36.27 37.55 39.30 45.29
1998 53.71 46.30 41.33 39.48 39.14 42.36 41.18 41.58 40.41 38.14 36.46 36.25
1999 36.59 37.06 37.51 37.60 37.02 36.91 37.11 37.98 39.88 39.47 38.77 38.18
2000 37.35 37.71 37.90 37.97 38.95 39.06 40.22 40.87 41.88 43.21 43.73 43.09
2001 43.12 42.64 43.90 45.46 45.48 45.24 45.62 44.90 44.33 44.72 44.41 43.91
2002 44.02 43.82 43.39 43.42 42.79 42.15 41.20 42.18 42.82 43.66 43.32 43.28
2003 42.77 42.88 42.75 42.88 42.15 41.65 41.78 41.67 40.50 39.73 39.90 39.71
2004 39.09 39.10 39.45 39.44 40.57 40.80 40.94 41.50 41.47 41.31 40.34 39.22
2005 38.75 38.48 38.61 39.53 39.84 40.92 41.76 41.19
Remark: * Monthly average. Source: Bank of Thailand.
TABLE 15 DEPOSITS OR DEPOSITS EQUIVALENT AT FINANCIAL INSTITUTION 1/ (millions of baht)
(End of period)
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
Commercial Banks Government Savings Bank Government Housing Bank Bank for Agricuture and Agricutural Cooperatives Finance and Finance & Securities Companies Credit Foncier Companies Life Insurance Companies Total
1,135,073 107,676 19,345 13,018 192,863 1,790 29,973 1,499,738
1,440,809 112,827 26,206 17,978 260,091 1,810 36,759 1,896,479
1,751,472 120,553 33,784 24,728 337,661 2,489 44,867 2,315,554
2,035,076 131,288 38,255 33,473 415,393 3,720 55,671 2,712,876
2,427,289 143,563 47,348 43,882 541,997 5,172 67,417 3,276,668
2,760,935 158,083 56,459 60,516 747,450 4,905 82,502 3,870,850
3,249,978 182,082 72,299 82,658 914,567 5,513 99,084 4,606,181
3,683,100 208,753 101,793 118,417 1,040,075 6,321 117,445 5,275,904
(End of period)
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
Commercial Banks Government Savings Bank Government Housing Bank Bank for Agricuture and Agricutural Cooperatives Finance and Finance & Securities Companies Credit Foncier Companies Life Insurance Companies Total
4,308,697 246,809 155,915 123,721 505,612 5,451 139,655 5,485,860
4,688,356 334,001 206,895 148,986 462,250 3,653 154,099 5,998,240
4,672,127 377,682 186,942 158,095 359,825 3,268 166,336 5,924,275
4,912,942 422,417 213,840 196,400 308,343 3,485 196,853 6,254,280
5,109,973 483,272 193,423 242,291 328,777 4,394 233,716 6,595,846
5,221,476 522,542 192,969 274,653 168,162 4,306 276,895 6,661,003
5,472,819 554,175 239,371 306,860 202,850 1,619 345,522 7,123,216
5,699,696 560,623 309,970 341,371 253,740 1,310 407,095 7,573,804
Remark:
1/
Excluding Export-Import Bank, Industrial Finance Corp. of Thailand and Small Industry Finance Corporation since they do not accept deposit taking money.
Source: Bank of Thailand. November 2005
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TABLE 16 NPL OUTSTANDING—CLASSIFIED BY FINANCIAL INSTITUTION GROUP (millions of baht)
Private Banks (% to total loans) State-owned Banks (% to total loans) Foreign Banks (full branch) (% to total loans) Total Commercial Banks (% to total loans) Finance Companies (% to total loans)
Jan. Feb. Mar. 885,442 876,785 841,678 30.67 30.32 29.33 1,045,943 1,029,488 1,012,705 62.15 61.32 60.72
Apr. 828,356 28.75 997,884 59.87
May 825,256 28.49 971,003 58.02
2000 Jun. 570,645 21.67 943,016 56.54
45,736 7.34
44,287 6.91
43,209 7.34
Jul. 572,403 21.59 920,698 55.34
Aug. 574,012 21.66 916,247 55.22
Sep. 528,320 20.19 494,453 33.21
Oct. 531,819 20.17 485,457 32.63
Nov. 528,452 20.12 487,973 32.92
Dec. 476,360 18.00 308,053 21.63
47,173 7.49
46,704 7.38
39,310 6.28
40,052 6.17
39,345 6.22
38,176 6.60
1,991,864 1,965,367 1,910,912 1,871,976 1,840,546 1,556,870 1,540,274 1,536,963 1,062,083 1,057,328 1,055,770 38.28 37.79 37.01 36.20 35.32 31.84 31.15 31.11 22.44 22.15 22.27
822,589 17.70
60,479 9.56
95,037 52.14
59,094 9.39
90,208 50.46
56,529 9.03
85,994 47.90
84,561 47.23
69,695 43.07
60,639 38.75
58,772 37.41
58,305 37.16
57,236 35.70
56,906 34.65
57,247 34.97
34,752 24.48
Total Financial Institutions Excluding New IBFs and Credit Foncier Companies 2,086,901 2,055,575 1,996,906 1,956,537 1,910,241 1,617,509 1,599,046 1,595,268 1,119,319 1,114,234 1,113,017 (% to total loans) 38.75 38.22 37.37 36.57 35.56 32.05 31.34 31.29 22.88 22.57 22.70
857,341 17.90
New IBFs (% to total loans)
n/a
n/a 0.00
n/a 0.00
n/a 0.00
n/a 0.00
n/a 0.00
4,626 6.41
4,343 5.92
4,641 6.54
4,602 6.09
3,659 4.63
4,960 6.40
Credit Foncier Companies (% to total loans)
n/a
n/a 0.00
n/a 0.00
n/a 0.00
n/a 0.00
n/a 0.00
1,773 51.99
1,583 49.27
1,596 49.66
1,675 50.51
1,626 46.74
1,362 40.92
Total Financial Institutions (% to total loans)
n/a
n/a 0.00
n/a 0.00
n/a 0.00
n/a 0.00
n/a 1,605,445 1,601,194 1,125,556 1,120,511 1,118,302 0.00 31.00 30.94 22.66 22.34 22.43
863,663 17.73
Private Banks (% to total loans) State-owned Banks (% to total loans)
Jan. 481,768 18.21 304,428 21.34
Feb. 481,496 18.16 306,274 21.58
Mar. 481,481 18.13 304,824 21.16
Apr. 485,928 18.23 308,430 21.45
May 495,029 18.72 309,167 21.55
2001 Jun. 470,466 17.78 89,863 6.26
Jul. 476,860 17.95 92,532 6.39
Aug. 475,380 17.88 91,615 6.32
Sep. 472,279 17.77 102,427 7.49
Oct. 440,573 16.82 84,568 6.53
Nov. 428,444 16.56 83,734 6.55
Dec. 370,480 14.42 71,468 5.59
Foreign Banks (full branch) (% to total loans) Total Commercial Banks (% to total loans)
38,218 6.37 824,414 17.65
36,560 6.04 824,330 17.63
28,495 4.89 814,800 17.42
28,365 4.69 822,723 17.47
27,912 4.61 832,108 17.77
22,470 4.06 582,799 12.58
20,941 3.58 590,333 12.58
20,780 3.48 587,775 12.49
20,550 3.50 595,256 12.91
19,469 3.42 544,610 12.15
18,367 3.25 530,545 11.98
16,590 3.20 458,538 10.50
Finance Companies (% to total loans) Total Financial Institutions Excluding New IBFs and Credit Foncier Companies (% to total loans)
34,235 24.29
32,637 22.97
32,358 22.61
31,940 21.52
32,368 21.33
24,176 15.95
24,861 15.98
22,484 14.34
20,579 12.67
17,702 10.62
16,248 9.91
15,453 9.46
858,649 17.84
856,967 17.79
847,158 17.57
854,663 17.60
864,476 17.88
606,975 12.68
615,194 12.69
610,259 12.55
615,835 12.90
562,312 12.09
546,793 11.90
473,991 10.46
New IBFs (% to total loans) Credit Foncier Companies (% to total loans)
5,825 7.40 1,388 40.03
5,115 6.99 1,417 39.77
4,634 5.78 1,613 45.48
4,483 5.60 1,413 37.97
4,507 5.79 874 28.58
4,439 5.75 932 29.44
4,782 7.12 925 28.43
3,599 5.81 907 27.32
2,969 5.26 909 27.31
2,281 3.98 929 26.12
2,239 4.17 998 26.62
2,462 4.81 952 24.30
Total Financial Institutions (% to total loans)
865,862 17.70
863,499 17.64
853,405 17.40
860,559 17.42
869,857 17.69
612,346 12.58
620,901 12.63
614,765 12.48
619,713 12.82
565,523 12.00
550,030 11.83
477,405 10.41
Private Banks (% to total loans) State-owned Banks (% to total loans)
Jan. 373,644 14.55 71,717 5.66
Feb. 375,034 14.56 69,719 5.46
Mar. 370,023 14.43 73,299 5.71
Apr. 375,919 14.36 78,813 5.86
May 386,227 14.79 85,889 6.43
2002 Jun. 362,928 13.89 77,217 5.88
Jul. 369,919 14.12 75,733 5.87
Aug. 368,428 13.94 74,313 5.75
Sep. 366,150 13.74 74,386 5.73
Oct. 368,366 13.83 77,068 5.88
Nov. 364,922 13.67 71,024 5.32
Dec. 583,098 20.56 116,683 8.31
Foreign Banks (full branch) (% to total loans) Total Commercial Banks (% to total loans)
16,615 3.04 461,976 10.54
11,787 2.19 456,540 10.39
11,993 2.28 455,315 10.41
11,463 2.14 466,195 10.37
11,281 2.09 483,397 10.78
14,476 2.90 454,621 10.27
14,696 2.81 460,348 10.39
14,671 2.85 457,412 10.28
15,030 2.95 455,566 10.18
17,813 3.58 463,247 10.36
18,142 3.64 454,088 10.08
42,843 8.91 742,624 15.73
Finance Companies (% to total loans) Total Financial Institutions Excluding New IBFs and Credit Foncier Companies (% to total loans)
15,362 9.20
14,754 8.74
14,667 8.78
13,629 9.73
14,459 10.15
13,780 9.59
13,683 9.34
13,698 9.08
12,998 8.44
12,704 8.11
12,580 7.82
24,022 13.96
477,338 10.49
471,294 10.33
469,982 10.35
479,824 10.35
497,856 10.76
468,401 10.25
474,031 10.35
471,110 10.24
468,564 10.12
475,951 10.29
466,668 10.00
766,646 15.67
New IBFs (% to total loans) Credit Foncier Companies (% to total loans)
2,062 4.41 895 21.54
2,028 4.44 943 21.05
2,077 5.01 1,087 24.27
1,185 3.05 1,029 21.72
1,901 4.92 1,143 23.89
1,548 4.53 1,248 25.83
1,637 5.03 1,145 23.55
1,755 5.36 1,656 34.43
1,767 6.22 1,801 37.16
1,633 6.21 1,981 41.16
1,638 6.23 1,895 39.39
844 3.54 2,792 58.72
Total Financial Institutions (% to total loans)
480,295 10.44
474,265 10.28
473,146 10.31
482,038 10.30
500,900 10.72
471,197 10.23
476,813 10.33
474,521 10.23
472,132 10.13
479,565 10.29
470,201 10.01
770,282 15.65
(Continued on page 15)
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TABLE 16 (CONTINUED) (millions of baht)
2003 As of
2004* Quarter 2 Quaeter 3 (Jun.) (Sep.) 450,301 451,461 14.66 13.90 141,520 140,004 9.75 9.64
Quarter 4 (Dec.) 419,426 12.82 137,572 9.56
2005* Quarter 1 (Mar.) 421,830 12.75 140,505 9.77
12,063 2.33 603,528 11.57
13,389 2.63 570,387 10.92
11,712 2.26 574,047 10.91
24,471 9.60
24,213 9.09
21,485 7.64
21,803 7.26
617,142 11.98
641,236 12.23
627,741 11.45
591,873 10.76
595,850 10.71
0 0.00 473 37.77
468 36.26
268 26.59
269 25.00
0 0.00 298 27.59
342 29.84
641,883 12.70
617,610 11.94
641,504 12.18
628,010 11.41
592,171 10.73
596,192 10.68
Quarter 1 (Mar.) 598,688 21.04 119,609 8.29
Quarter 2 (Jun.) 610,158 21.27 107,193 7.63
Quaeter 3 (Sep.) 580,828 20.20 113,662 8.02
Quarter 4 (Dec.) 495,268 16.91 95,760 6.64
Quarter 1 (Mar.) 473,490 15.87 95,901 6.50
Foreign Banks (full branch) (% to total loans) Total Commercial Banks (% to total loans)
35,116 7.52 753,413 15.85
33,495 7.27 750,846 15.86
32,409 7.02 726,899 15.29
28,132 6.39 619,160 12.87
25,240 5.61 594,631 12.11
24,944 5.36 616,765 12.36
Finance Companies (% to total loans) Total Financial Institutions Excluding New IBFs and Credit Foncier Companies (% to total loans)
23,463 13.00
21,706 11.36
23,442 11.43
22,250 10.07
22,511 9.41
776,876 15.74
772,552 15.69
750,341 15.13
641,410 12.74
New IBFs (% to total loans) Credit Foncier Companies (% to total loans)
422 2.01 3,497 80.58
413 2.10 3,443 81.94
393 2.22 489 40.62
Total Financial Institutions (% to total loans)
780,795 15.74
776,408 15.69
751,223 15.09
Private Banks (% to total loans) State-owned Banks (% to total loans)
Remarks: 1. NPL are loans classified as substandard, doubtful, doubtful of loss, and loss. 2. Not including the NPL under the FIDF’s yield maintenance and gain/loss sharing agreement, of which the bank shares 15 % of losses if occur. * Revised Data. Source: Bank of Thailand.
TABLE 17 INVESTMENT PROMOTION IN THAILAND
APPLICATIONS No. of Applications Total Investment (millions of baht) APPLICATIONS APPROVED No. of Approvals Total Investment (millions of baht) PROMOTION CERTIFICATES ISSUED No. of Certificates Issued Total Investment (millions of baht) PROJECTS STARTING OPERATIONS No. of Projects Starting Operations Total Investment (millions of baht) Note:
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
1,193 833,818
993 490,828
521 224,595
743 169,114
709 228,104
853 184,900
788 262,500
961 304,700
1,268 656,100
970 531,198
868 469,515
647 287,315
679 162,182
1,111 279,192
819 266,200
721 162,500
839 283,800
1,227 600,700
939 426,401
836 412,300
569 244,500
554 139,500
784 290,300
766 183,700
797 221,900
717 228,700
1,053 371,300
609 229,790
465 267,398
696 283,095
525 205,282
625 304,895
612 267,800
626 203,700
251 74,600
279 83,000
Since 1998, FDI value is derived from total investment of all projects which have foreign equity participation of one particular nation or the sum of all foreign registered capital from more than two nations of at least 10%.
Source: Board of Investment.
TABLE 18 INVESTMENT PROMOTION IN THAILAND (PERCENTAGE CHANGE) APPLICATIONS No. of Applications Total Investment (millions of baht) APPLICATIONS APPROVED No. of Approvals Total Investment (millions of baht) PROMOTION CERTIFICATES ISSUED No. of Certificates Issued Total Investment (millions of baht) PROJECTS STARTING OPERATIONS No. of Projects Starting Operations Total Investment (millions of baht)
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
-15.21 -7.50
-16.76 -41.13
-47.53 -54.24
42.61 -24.70
-4.58 34.88
20.31 -18.94
-7.62 41.97
21.95 16.08
31.95 115.33
-19.50 -9.15
-5.26 -9.36
-25.46 -38.81
4.95 -43.55
63.62 72.15
-26.28 -4.65
-11.97 -38.96
16.37 74.65
46.25 111.66
-3.99 29.90
-10.97 -3.30
-31.94 -40.70
-2.64 -42.94
41.52 108.10
-2.30 -36.72
4.05 20.79
-10.04 3.06
46.86 62.35
89.13 73.43
-21.18 -19.90
49.68 5.87
-24.57 -27.49
19.05 48.52
-2.08 -12.17
2.29 -23.94
-59.90 -63.38
11.16 11.26
Source: Table 17.
November 2005
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TABLE 19 STOCK EXCHANGE OF THAILAND (SET) INDEX * (1975=100)
1990
January April July October
SET Idex 853.72 855.97 1,115.73 649.37
Change 22.84 0.26 30.35 -41.80
1998
January April July October
SET Idex 495.23 412.13 266.72 331.29
Change -37.16 -37.68 -59.93 24.21
1991
January April July October
658.47 876.01 728.70 638.84
1.40 33.04 -16.82 -12.33
1999
January April July October
363.00 459.35 456.81 395.55
9.57 26.54 -0.55 -13.41
1992
January April July October
763.45 760.97 744.42 940.35
19.51 -0.32 -2.17 26.32
2000
January April July October
477.57 390.40 284.67 271.84
20.74 -18.25 -27.08 -4.51
1993
January April July October
974.48 845.29 928.20 1,260.91
3.63 -13.26 9.81 35.84
2001
January April July October
332.77 300.63 297.69 275.09
22.41 -9.66 -0.98 -7.59
1994
January April July October
1,493.45 1,266.67 1,376.88 1,528.83
18.44 -15.18 8.70 11.04
2002
January April July October
340.82 371.42 376.02 357.22
23.89 8.98 1.24 -5.00
1995
January April July October
1,217.74 1,208.69 1,383.10 1,270.76
-20.35 -0.74 14.43 -8.12
2003
January April July October
370.01 374.63 484.11 639.45
3.58 1.25 29.22 32.09
1996
January April July October
1,410.33 1,292.61 1,064.04 910.33
10.98 -8.35 -17.68 -14.45
2004
January April July October
698.90 648.15 636.70 628.16
9.30 -7.26 -1.77 -1.34
1997
January April July October
788.04 661.29 665.62 447.21
-13.43 -16.08 0.65 -32.81
2005
January April July
701.91 658.88 675.67
11.74 -6.13 2.55
Remark: * Index refers to end of month. Source: Stock Exchange of Thailand.
TABLE 20 TOTAL EMPLOYMENT BY SECTOR AND EDUCATION: 2004 (unit: thousands)
Elementary and Lower Secondary Vocational Teacher Training University Others *** TOTAL SHARE BY EDUCATION (percent) Elementary and Lower Secondary Vocational Teacher Training University Others TOTAL
Agriculture 12,295.0 2,504.7 126.2 7.2 109.7 11.8
Industry* 4,041.8 2,440.2 378.8 7.1 437.6 47.8
Services** 5,645.9 4,113.3 719.2 38.5 2,673.1 93.3
Total 21,982.7 9,058.2 1,224.2 52.8 3,220.4 152.9
15,054.6
7,353.3
13,283.3
35,691.2
55.9 27.7 10.3 13.6 3.4 7.7
18.4 26.9 30.9 13.4 13.6 31.3
25.7 45.4 58.7 72.9 83.0 61.0
100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
42.2
20.6
37.2
100.0
Share (percent) 61.6 25.4 3.4 0.2 9.0 0.4 100.0
Remarks: * Includes Mining and Quarrying, Manufacturing, Construction, and Electricity. * * Includes Services, Commerce, Transport, Storage, and Communications. * * * Includes those whose educational level is unclassified. Source: Calculated from Labor Force Survey (2003 Round 3), National Statistical Office.
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TABLE 21 AVERAGE PRIVATE EMPLOYEE WAGE PER MONTH (unit: baht)
WHOLE KINGDOM
Agriculture
Industry
Services
1984
1,209.4
2,160.3
2,153.7
1,828.8
Total
1985
1,061.6
2,136.9
2,287.2
1,805.2
1986
1,040.5
2,287.8
2,271.0
1,837.5
1987
1,106.1
2,137.4
2,328.5
1,855.6
1988
1,191.6
2,530.8
2,468.2
2,062.5
1989
1,369.4
2,425.4
2,634.7
2,154.8
1990 1991
1,130.3 1,272.4
2,494.7 2,901.4
3,374.8 3,758.0
2,463.3 2,827.8
1992
1,466.6
3,277.2
4,481.7
3,257.0
1993
2,049.4
3,932.8
4,871.0
3,822.2
1994
2,439.6
4,158.5
5,153.2
4,089.5
1995
2,604.7
4,875.5
5,472.8
4,650.6
1996
2,888.0
4,794.2
6,159.4
4,903.1
1997
3,315.8
5,301.1
6,834.6
5,496.4
1998
2,938.3
5,675.4
6,943.3
5,558.3
1999
2,907.7
5,669.9
6,958.6
5,586.8
2000
3,093.9
5,632.9
7,118.1
5,541.7
2001
2,443.4
6,048.2
8,029.9
5,995.2
2002
2,585.6
6,129.2
7,993.3
6,063.2
2003
2,923.9
6,332.3
8,185.2
6,384.3
2004
2,745.7
6,544.9
8,173.9
6,395.7
Source: Calculated from Labor Force Survey (2003 Round 3), National Statistical Office.
TABLE 22 MINIMUM WAGE RATES IN THAILAND Notification Number a/ 1
Date of Effectiveness April 15, 1973
Rate (baht per day) 12
Province in Effect Bangkok, Nonthaburi, Pathum Thani, Samut Prakan
2
January 1, 1974
16
Bangkok, Nonthaburi, Pathum Thani, Samut Prakan
3
June 14, 1974
20
Bangkok, Nonthaburi, Pathum Thani, Samut Prakan, Samut Sakhon, Nakhon Pathom
4
October 1, 1974
20 18
16
Same as No. 3 Kanchanaburi, Nakhon Nayok, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya, Prachin Buri, Lop Buri, Ratchaburi, Prachuap Khiri Khan, Chai Nat, Chachoengsao, Chiang Mai, Phetchaburi, Suphan Buri, Sing Buri, Saraburi, Samut Songkhram, Ang Thong, Trat, Rayong, Chon Buri, Chanthaburi, Udon Thani, Nakhon Ratchasima, Khon Kaen, Ubon Ratchathani, Krabi, Trang, Chumphon, Pattani, Narathiwat, Satun, Songkhla, Ranong, Yala, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Phatthalung, Surat Thani, Phangnga and Phuket All other provinces
5
January 16, 1975
25 18 16
Same as No. 4 Same as No. 4 but excluding Udon Thani, Nakhon Ratchasima, Khon Kaen, and Ubon Ratchathani All other provinces
6
October 1, 1977
28 21 19
Same as No. 5 Same as No. 5 Same as No. 5
7
August 28, 1978
28 21 19 16
Same as No. 5 Same as No. 5 Same as No. 5 except Phayao Phayao
8
October 1, 1978
9
October 1, 1979
35 28 25 45 38 35
Same Same Same Same Same Same
10
October 1, 1980
54 47 44
Same as No. 5 Same as No. 5 Same as No. 5
as as as as as as
No. No. No. No. No. No.
5 5 5 5 5 5
(Continued on page 18)
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TABLE 22 (CONTINUED) Notification Number a/ 11
Date of Effectiveness October 1, 1981
Rate (baht per day) 61
Province in Effect
52
Same as No. 3 and including Ranong, Phangnga, Phuket, Chon Buri, Saraburi, Nakhon Ratchasima, Chiang Mai All other provinces
12
September 27, 1982
61 52
Same as No. 11 Same as No. 11
13
October 1, 1982
64 61 52
Same as No.11 but excluding Chon Buri, Saraburi, Nakhon Ratchasima and Chiang Mai Chon Buri, Saraburi, Nakhon Ratchasima, Chiang Mai All other provinces
14
October 1, 1983
66 63 56
Same as No. 13 Same as No. 13 Same as No. 13
15
January 1, 1985
70 65 59
Same as No. 13 Same as No. 13 Same as No. 13
16
April 1, 1987
73 67 61
Bangkok, Nonthaburi, Samut Prakan, Samut Sakhon, Nakhon Pathom, Ranong, Phangnga, Phuket Chon Buri, Saraburi, Nakhon Ratchasima, Chiang Mai All other provinces
17
January 1, 1989
76 73 69 63 78 75 70 65
Bangkok, Nonthaburi, Samut Prakan, Pathum Thani, Samut Sakhon, Nakhon Pathom Ranong, Phangnga, Phuket Chon Buri, Saraburi, Nakhon Ratchasima, Chiang Mai All other provinces Bangkok, Nonthaburi, Samut Prakan, Pathum Thani, Samut Sakhon, Nakhon Pathom, Phuket Ranong, Phangnga Chon Buri, Saraburi, Nakhon Ratchasima, Chiang Mai All other provinces Bangkok, Nonthaburi, Samut Prakan, Pathum Thani, Samut Sakhon, Nakhon Pathom, Phuket Ranong, Phangnga Chon Buri, Saraburi, Nakhon Ratchasima, Chiang Mai All other provinces
December 1, 1989 April 1, 1989
18
April 1, 1990
90 84 79 74
19
April 1, 1991
100 93 88 82
Same Same Same Same
as as as as
No. No. No. No.
18 18 18 18
20
April 1, 1992
115 107 101 94
Same Same Same Same
as as as as
No. No. No. No.
18 18 18 18
21
January 1, 1993
22
April 1, 1993
125 110 102
Bangkok, Nonthaburi, Samut Prakan, Pathum Thani, Samut Sakhon, Nakhon Pathom, Phuket Ranong, Phangnga, Saraburi, Chon Buri, Nakhon Ratchasima, Chiang Mai All other provinces
1
February 7, 1994
102
Sa Kaeo, Amnat Charoen, Nong Bua Lam Phu
2
April 1, 1994
132 116 106
Bangkok, Nakhon Pathom, Nonthaburi, Pathum Thani, Phuket, Samut Prakan, Samut Sakhon Chon Buri, Chiang Mai, Nakhon Ratchasima, Phangnga, Ranong, Saraburi All other provinces
3
October 1, 1994
135 118 110
Same as No. 2 (April 1, 1994) Same as No. 2 Same as No. 2
4
July 1, 1995
5
October 1, 1996
145 126 118 157 137 128
Same Same Same Same Same Same
6
January 1, 1998
162 140 130
Same as No. 2 Same as No. 2 Same as No. 2
Change in section 8 of Notification No. 20 to “Section 8: Employers are prohibited from paying their employees less than the minimum wage rates.”
as as as as as as
No. No. No. No. No. No.
2 2 2 2 2 2
(Continued on page 19)
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TABLE 22 (CONTINUED) Notification Number a/ 7
Note:
Date of Effectiveness January 1, 2001
Rate (baht per day) 165 143 133
Province in Effect Same as No. 2 Same as No. 2 Same as No. 2
8
July 1, 2001
168 165 146 143 138 137 135 133
Phuket Bangkok and Municipal area Chon Buri Chiang Mai, Nakhon Ratchasima, Phangnga, Ranong, Saraburi Ang Thong Chachoengsao Sing Buri and Narathiwat The rest of the country
9
January 1, 2002
10
January 1, 2003
168 162 146 143 138 137 135 133 168 165 150 143 138 137 135 133
Phuket Bangkok and Municipal area Chon Buri Chiang Mai, Nakhon Ratchasima, Phangnga, Ranong, Saraburi Ang Thong Chachoengsao Sing Buri and Narathiwat The rest of the country Phuket Bangkok and Municipal area Chon Buri Chiang Mai, Nakhon Ratchasima, Phangnga, Ranong, Saraburi Ang Thong Chachoengsao Sing Buri and Narathiwat The rest of the country
11
August 1, 2003
168 169 150 143 138 137 135 133
Phuket Bangkok and Municipal area Chon Buri Chiang Mai, Nakhon Ratchasima, Phangnga, Ranong, Saraburi Ang Thong Chachoengsao Sing Buri and Narathiwat The rest of the country
12
January 1, 2004
13
January 1, 2005
14
August 1, 2005
168 170 153 145 138 140 136 133-135 173 175 157 155 150 149 147 146 144 142-137 178 181 163 161 156 153 152 150 148 147-139
Phuket Bangkok and Municipal area Chon Buri Chiang Mai, Nakhon Ratchasima, Phangnga, Ranong, Saraburi Ang Thong Chachoengsao Sing Buri and Narathiwat The rest of the country Phuket Bangkok and Municipal area Chon Buri Saraburi Nakhon Ratchasima Chiang Mai, Phangnga Rayong, Ranong Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Chachoengsao, Krabi The rest of the country Phuket Bangkok and Municipal area Chon Buri Saraburi Nakhon Ratchasima Chiang Mai, Phangnga, Rayong, Ranong Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Chachoengsao Krabi, Kanchanaburi The rest of the country
a/
Notification numbers 1-22 are issued by the Ministry of Interior until September 23, 1993 when the Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare was established and became the authority to issue the minimum wage rate notification and the number of minimum wage notification started to run from no. 1 again in 1994.
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TABLE 23 POVERTY LINES AND POVERTY INCIDENCE* Poverty lines (baht per person per month) Location Rural
Regi on Central North Northeast South
Urban
BMR & Vicinity Central North Northeast South
Rural Urban Whole Country
1990 703 623 538 618
1992 791 705 645 694
1994 822 729 684 745
1996 934 835 784 860
1998 1,132 984 973 986
1999 1,149 982 960 989
2000 1,142 974 966 985
2001 1,155 996 972 1,004
2002 1,184 1,032 1,009 1,041
2004 1,243 1,089 1,043 1,116
1,105 886 762 692 748
1,227 990 860 787 837
1,346 1,044 913 836 903
1,502 1,173 1,023 952 1,029
1,696 1,368 1,178 1,128 1,197
1,706 1,366 1,181 1,130 1,196
1,736 1,389 1,199 1,131 1,201
1,761 1,413 1,221 1,141 1,228
1,801 1,457 1,252 1,181 1,265
1,853 1,525 1,294 1,229 1,313
604 903 692
697 1,009 790
733 1,084 838
839 1,216 953
1,012 1,397 1,130
1,010 1,399 1,130
1,009 1,417 1,135
1,023 1,431 1,153
1,058 1,471 1,190
1,110 1,525 1,242
Poverty Incidence (headcount) Location Rural
Regi on Central North Northeast South
1990 36.37 39.12 53.77 42.47
1992 25.54 39.80 50.45 33.39
1994 18.68 26.76 39.59 29.18
1996 13.28 18.06 27.66 19.57
1998 14.42 18.58 31.51 23.16
1999 12.17 21.20 38.66 23.74
2000 12.64 25.65 37.73 19.85
2001 11.07 20.14 33.74 21.09
2002 9.53 20.72 26.20 15.99
2004 6.01 18.31 18.72 8.88
Urban
BMR & Vicinity Central North Northeast South
10.94 22.88 27.65 35.69 22.61 45.20 21.35 38.18
6.00 11.96 19.21 29.81 14.01 40.27 14.10 32.50
2.86 11.75 20.08 22.89 12.12 30.75 11.70 25.04
1.58 6.96 11.88 14.84 8.67 21.26 7.28 17.03
1.69 6.94 10.86 15.90 9.48 23.74 7.49 18.78
3.13 7.59 9.36 19.39 8.92 26.87 8.58 21.26
1.62 6.40 14.82 21.36 7.61 26.96 8.70 21.32
2.50 7.56 14.84 17.07 9.33 23.80 8.86 19.05
2.22 5.14 11.04 12.98 7.26 19.72 6.66 15.55
1.64 3.29 8.31 10.30 4.56 14.26 4.86 11.25
Rural Urban Whole Country Note:
* The calculation of poverty incidence has been revised from the previous issue. The detailed calculation can be found in “Alternative Approach to Poverty Measurement: An Experiment with Thai Data,” TDRI Quarterly Review (2000) vol. 15 no. 1: 18-22.
Source: Calculated from the National Statistical Office’s socio-economic survey data tapes.
TABLE 24 INCOME SHARE BY QUINTILE GROUP (percent)
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2004
1. Top Income Group
56.97
58.98
57.23
56.53
56.13
58.19
57.45
55.20
55.91
54.86
2. Second Income Group
19.50
18.90
19.68
19.91
19.82
19.29
19.83
20.54
20.07
20.16
3. Third Income Group
11.70
11.11
11.67
11.83
12.00
11.44
11.50
12.22
12.07
12.41
4. Fourth Income Group
7.54
7.06
7.35
7.55
7.75
7.19
7.27
7.79
7.72
8.04
5. Lowest Income Group
4.29
3.96
4.07
4.18
4.30
3.88
3.95
4.25
4.23
4.54
6. Ratio of Top 20 to Lowest 20 Income Group
13.28
14.90
14.07
13.52
13.06
14.99
14.55
13.00
13.23
12.10
7. Top 40 Income Share
76.47
77.88
76.91
76.44
75.95
77.48
77.28
75.74
75.98
75.02
8. Bottom 60 Income Share
23.53
22.12
23.09
23.56
24.05
22.52
22.72
24.26
24.02
24.98
Source: Calculated from the National Statistical Office’s socio-economic survey data tapes.
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FIGURE 1 REAL GDP GROWTH
15
10
PERCENT
5
0
-5
-10
-15 1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
YEAR Source: National Economic and Social Development Board. National Income of Thailand, various issues.
FIGURE 2 PER CAPITA GNP: NOMINAL AND REAL 100,000 90,000 80,000 70,000
BAHT
60,000 50,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000 0 1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
Nominal
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004 YEAR
Real
Source: National Economic and Social Development Board. National Income of Thailand, various issues.
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FIGURE 3 SHARES OF GDP BY REGION: 2004
Northern 8.99% Bangkok 44.08%
Northeastern 10.62% Southern 9.33%
Central 26.98%
SHARES OF POPULATION BY REGION: 2004
Bangkok 17.36%
Northern 18.15%
Central 17.09%
Southern 13.50%
Northeastern 33.90%
Source: National Economic and Social Development Board. Gross Regional and Provincial Product.
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FIGURE 4 SHARES OF GDP BY SECTOR IN 2004
Agriculture 9.91%
Services 49.17%
Industry 40.92%
Source: National Economic and Social Development Board. Quarterly GDP, 2004.
FIGURE 5 CONSUMER PRICE INDEX (PERCENTAGE CHANGE) 25
20
PERCENT
15
10
5
0 1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
YEAR
Source: Bank of Thailand. Annual Economic Report, various issues.
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FIGURE 6 TOTAL EXPORTS & IMPORTS: 1985-2004
4,000
3,500
BILLIONS OF BAHT
3,000
2,500
2,000
1,500
1,000
500
0 1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995 YEAR
1997
Total Exports
1999
2001
2003
Total Imports
Source: Bank of Thailand. Monthly Bulletin, various issues.
FIGURE 7 MERCHANDISE EXPORTS & IMPORTS: 1985-2004
4,000
3,500
BILLIONS OF BAHT
3,000
2,500
2,000
1,500
1,000
500
0 1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
YEAR Merchandise Exports
Merchandise Imports
Source: Bank of Thailand. Monthly Bulletin, various issues.
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FIGURE 8 RATIO OF FOREIGN DEBT TO GDP: 1985-2004
100 90 80 70
PERCENT
60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 YEAR
Source: Bank of Thailand. Monthly Bulletin, various issues.
FIGURE 9 FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT TO THAILAND: 1985-2004
250
BILLIONS OF BAHT
200
150
100
50
0 1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
YEAR Source: Bank of Thailand. Monthly Bulletin, various issues.
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FIGURE 10 NUMBER OF PROMOTED PROJECTS: 1985-2004 1,600
1,400
NUMBER OF PROJECTS
1,200
1,000
800
600
400
200
0 1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
YEAR Approved
Proj. Started
Source: Board of Investment.
FIGURE 11 TOTAL INVESTMENT IN PROMOTED PROJECTS: 1985-2004
700
600
BILLIONS OF BAHT
500
400
300
200
100
0 1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
YEAR Approved
Proj. Started
Source: Board of Investment.
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FIGURE 12 DOMESTIC INTEREST RATES 25
Interbank Rate 20
15
Time Deposit Rate
10
Loan Rate
5
0 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 YEAR Source: Bank of Thailand. Monthly Bulletin, various issues.
FIGURE 13 PRIVATE CONSUMPTION INDEX 125
120 115
Aug 05
INDEX
110
105 100
95
90 85
80 Jan-93 Jan-94 Jan-95 Jan-96 Jan-97 Jan-98 Jan-99 Jan-00 Jan-01 Jan-02 Jan-03 Jan-04 Jan-05 YEAR Source: Bank of Thailand. Key Economic Indicators, various issues.
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Thailand Development Research Institute 565 Ramkhamhaeng Soi 39, Wangthonglang Bangkok 10310 Thailand Tel: (662) 718 5460 Fax: (662) 718 5461-2 E-mail:
[email protected] Web site: http://www.info.tdri.or.th
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