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WELCOMETO THE WORLDOF TANDBERG...

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For over 45 years,Tandberg has continuouslyearnedand enjoyed its internationalreputationf6rihe highestqualityand integrityin audio products,a reputationthat is backed by a 30-yeartradition in tape recordingthat is unequalled anywhere. ln this brochureyou will see a range of receivers,tape recorders and related productsthat are second to none, regardlessof of manufacture.Productsthat are, in fact, consideredby both experts and loyal consumersto be among

the finestand most advancedin their field. Throughthe years,customers worldwidehave themselvescoined the concept "TandbergQuality" as

a synonym for productswith features and performancebeyondthe ordinary.lf you are not already familiarwith "TandbergQuality", we inviteyou to visit your authorizeddealerfor a first-handdemonstration. It's no coincidencethat probably more dealersand their salesmen have boughtTandbergequipment for their own personaluse than any other brand.

REGEIVERS The four new recivers you will read about in these Pages have all been desioned to meet the unique standards of TJndberg's design philosophy' Frankly' we do not seek the customer who is interested simply in the maximum number

More is involved in designing a Tandberg receiver than sophisticated cii'cuitry goat and close-tolerance parts' The key harmony a performance, is a balanced between the tuner section, the preamplifier section, and power amplifier sec-

design' Outside.the timeless beauty of classic Scandinavian

Tandberg feels that no matter which manuJacturer "wins" the power war' the customer always loses. We believe in quality instead of quantity' Tandberg won't plaY the numbers game because we feel the numbers don't add up cor-

Tandberg's dedication to sonlc excellence has required us to be a leader in i n ve sti g a ti n ga n d e l i m i n a ti n g so m e o f the subtler forms of distortion, such as sl e w - r a te l i m i ti n g a n d tr a n si e n t i n termodulation distortion (TlM)' The re-

tion. so that each comolementsthe rectly.We believethat more powergoing of watts his dollarwill buy,or who is more concernedto show off his hi-fi ac- otherwithin an integratedwhole that is into an amplifierwill be paid for by other q u is it iont han he i s to l i s te nto m u s i c more than the sum of its parts.This is componentsof the receiverand their Therefore,in keepingwith thr oughit .T he em p h a s i si n T a n d b e rg not a qualitythat can be specified,but it performance. receivershas alwaysbeenand continues will readilybe detectedand appreciated. our conceptof balancedperformance, to be on t he quali tye n g i n e e ri n g Someaudio manufacturers and are waging we have kept the output power at constructionbuilt into them,on the con- an open "power war" againstone optimum relativeto the other receiver venienceand pleasureof operating another.Theyfire an unendingbarrage comoonents. them,and on the understatedelegance of claimsand counterclaims. Eachescalationbringsannouncements of their appearance. of "even more amplifierpowerthan ever before".

Inside, three separate, superb audio components working together in harmonious balance, for unsurpassed quality, performance and reliabality. Amplifier

Preamplifier

Tuner

sult has beenthe developmentof sophisticatednew circuitrythat usesa DC poweramplifiersectionwith an extraordinarilyfast rise-timeand high slew rate.The FM tuner we havedeveloped replacesthe traditionalmulti-section tuning capacitorwith far more accurate all-electronic tuning.The ultra-lownoise of our preamplifierelectronicswill be most apparentin what you don't hear: hum and hiss. You cannotquantifythe solid,smooth "feel" of a volumecontrolor the musicality of the effect of a Tandberg-designedt one cont r ol,t houghyou will im mediatelyexperienceand valuethem. But in the engineeringareasthat can be specified,Tandbergcontinuesits conservativepolicyof providingspecificat ionsbasedon guar ant eed m inim um levelsof performance. Responsiblemanufacturers use specificationsto reproducethe same resultin each unit they produce.We describeour productsaccordingto internationally recognizedmeasurementstandards. Specifications establishedby the FTC, lHF,I EEE,DlN,ElA,NAB,RI AA,I ECand USNBS.And we go one step further.The specifications we give are not designaverages.Or theoreticalmaximums.Or figuresusing hand-pickedoptimizedunits. Our specsare guaranteedminimum performancestandards.This meansthat everysingleunit performsequalto-or betterthan-our soecifications. The olainfact is. we don't hide behind our specs.We standbehindthem.This is our assurancethat your laith in the integrityof Tandberg'sreceiverproducts is well placedand will be rewardedwith many yearsof lastingsatisfaction.

TR 2030

For music systemswhose intimatelisteningareas do not require enormous power outputs, but where no compromise in musicality is permitted, the Tandberg TR 2030 is an ideal choice.

Ratedat 30 watts per channel,min. RMS,both channelsdriveninto 8 ohms from 20 Hz to 20.000Hz,with no more than 0.097" total harmonicdistortion, the TR 2030will sound audiblycleaner in listeningtests than other receivers

A word about Tandberg's specifications is in order. A few,lessreputablemanufacturers havebeenknownto inflatetheirsoecification claims by using specially-selected units (often laboratory prototypes) as the

The FM presetpushbuafonslet you instantly select uD to live FM stations.

Signaland center-tune metersensure best poss,b/e FM reception. Thesignal meter also indicates the frequency of your stationselection.

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with comparablewattageratings.That is becauseTandbergmaintainsthe same high standardsof engineeringexcellence,craftsmanship in construction, and meticulousattentionto user-conveniencethroughoutall of its 2000seriesreceivers. For example,the sameTandberg ElectronicFM Tuner4 tuner section, with almostidenticalspecifications, is used in the TR 2030and in our top-ofthe-lineTR 2080.You do not haveto accept a "step-down"FM tuner simplybecauseyou do not needa very highpoweramplifier.

basisfor their reportedper{ormance. Many more use "designcenter"criteria, which meansthat for each unit that exceedsthe claim,therewill be one that falls short of it. Tandbergspecifications, on the other hand, always represent guaranteedminimum levels of performance, made according to intern ation alIy- recogn ized stand ards. The prcof of the importanceof Tandberg'sconservative approachwill be evident to your earswhen you auditionour products,and is the basisfor our ability to providemany,manyyearsof continuing productsatisfaction.

Amplifier distoftion as a tunction of trequency at full rated power. Total harmonic distoftion does not exceed 0.09"/".

Output power as a function of frequency,both channels driven.

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TR 2045

The TR 2045 proves that neither performance nor convenience need be sacrificed in a medium-powered receiver. Rated at 45 watts per channel, min. RMS, both channels driven into 8 ohms from 20 Hz to 20.000Hz, with no more than 0.09o/ototal harmonic distortion, the TR 2045 uses the acclaimed Tandberg Electronic FM Tuner 4 FM tuner section, and incorporates a host of flexible user features that will add to the pleasure of its use.

The FM section permitsyou to presetup to five FM stations,which you can thereafter instantlyselectat a touch of a pushbutton. meteris In this mode,the signal-strength switchedautomatically to indicatethe

The amplifiersectionof the TR 2045providesinput and monitoringfacilitiesfor two tape recorders,as well as for phono cartridge. To ensuremaximumsignal-to-noise ratio,each input connectoris directly

frequency of your station selection. In

mounted to the printed circuit board,

t,

ln this mode, the signal-strengthmeter is To ensuremaximumsignal-to-noise ratio,each input connectoris directly switched automaticallyto indicatethe

All 2no-series Tandbergreceivershave easy-to-read Separate,switch high- and low-cut lilters are prodial scalesand utilize heavy flywheel-assisted vided to suppressunwanted hiss or background electronic tuning rnechanismfor accuracy. Automat- rumble. ic indication ot stereoFM broadcastsis given by an LED, and large, legible meterc aid in precisetuning.

frequencyof your stationselection.In normaltuning operation,it indicatesthe relativestrength of the individualstations received.Precisetuning is facilitated by an accuratecenter-tunemeter. Once set, an automaticfrequencycontrol (AFC)circuit keepsthe station lockedin placefor cleanestreception. An FM mutingcircuitpreventsnoise bursts when going from one stationto another,and a heavyflywheel makes tuning a pleasure.Changeoverfrom monauralto stereo receptionis automatic when the receivedsignal is of adequate quality,and is indicatedwhen the "FM-stereo" section of the dial scale lightsup.

mountedto the printedcircuit board, and the phono connectorhas its own separateinput amplifier.High- and lowcut filtersare included,as is a switchable loudnesscontrolthat compensatesfor the ear's reducedsensitivityto very high and low frequencieswhen listeningat low levels.Accomodationsfor two oairs of loudspeakers are providedthrough high-quality, spring-loadedconnectors.

Spring-loaded,heavy-duty terminalsprovide secure sDeakerconnections.

Totalharmonic distottion as a lunction of frequency

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10

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TR 2060 Brilliant Transient Reproduction Recentacoustic researchhas demonstratedthat conventionallymeasured forms of distortion-total harmonic distortionand intermodulation distortion-do not adequatelyindicatean

Advanced amplifierdesign,featuringhigh slew-rate,fast rise-time,and low Dynamic IntermodulationDistortion(DlM),Tandberg'sunique ElectronicFM Tuner 4 section,and a high-qualityAM tuner, are allcombined in the TR 2060.Rated at 60 watts per channel, min. RMS, both channels driven into 8 ohms from 20 Hz to 20,000Hz, with no more than 0.07o/ototal harmonic distortion, the TR 2060 also reduces dynamic intermodulationdistortionto an inaudible0.03%.

Sharp, percussiveattacksmay require an amplifierto go from essentiallyno outputto full output and back again in extremelybrief periodsof time-so brief, in fact,that the humanear does not perceivethe "true" instanteneous loud-

tion componentsof its own. But simply, the fasterthe risetime,the more faithful the transientreproduction.The risetime of the amplifiersin Tandberg's2000seriesreceiversis 1 microsecond-a millionthof a second.

ness levelsreached.The ear can detect

Slew rate,on the other hand, measures The AM tuner incorporated in the TR

a PLL (phase-locked loop) multiplexdemodulatorto provideoptimum selectivity, sensitivity, and channelseparation,alongwith high rejectionof crossmodulationand imaqefrequencies.

I

amplifier's ability to reproduce sharp, transient sorrnds withorrt arrdible flaw.

the faihr r e

of l he

am nl i fi er

tortion and intermodulationdistortion-do not adequatelyindicatean

in fact. that the human ear does not perceivethe "true" instanteneousloud-

seriesreceiversis 1 microsecond-a mil- crossmodulationand imaie trelionthof a second. o:"n","".

-

.

amplifier'sabilityto reproducesharp, transientsoundswithout audibleflaw. New measuringtechniqueshavehad to be devisedto show how well the amplifiercan handletheserapiddynamic changes,and the terms "DynamicIntermodulationDistortion"(DlM)or "TransientIntermodulation Distortion" (TlM) havecome into use to describethe distortion products generatedby dynamicstresses.

ness levelsreached.The ear can detect the failureof the amplifierto follow the instantaneous demandsupon it, however,sincethat failuregeneratesspurious signalsthat were not presentin the orginal-that is, distortion.Accordingto the most recenttests,the audibilitylimit for dynamicdistortionis approximately Q.2"/".The guaranteedspecification of the TR 2060 is 0.03%. Two measurementsintimatelyassociatedwith the abilityof an amplifier to handlerapiddynamicchangesare "rise time" and "slew rate".Rise-timeis a measurement that correlateswith an amplifier'sfrequencybandwidth-which must be manytimesthe conventional 20,000Hz limit of humanaudibilityif the amplifieris to follow steeprising waveformswithout introducinodistor-

Slew rate,on the other hand,measures the abilityof the amplifierto handlevery powerfulhigh frequencies.lt indicates how manyvolts'changethe amplifier can achievewithin the specifictime periodof 1 microsecond.The largerthe amplifier,the largerare the voltage swingsit must achieveto go from zero outputto full output,and so, the higher must be its slew rate.The slew rate of the TandbergTR 2060 is 20 volts/psec. The ElectronicFM Tuner4 of the TR 2060usesdual-gateMOSFETs,three phase-locked, 4-poleceramicfilters,and

The AM tuner incorporatedin the TR 2060featuresan optimally-tuned input circuitfor high sensitivity, selectivity, and imagerejection,togetherwith high overload capacityto preventdistortionand image-frequency responses. In additionto its directly-connected phono input,the TR 2060providesfull facilitiesfor two taoe recorders.Like all the modeisin the 2000-series, the output amplifierof the TR 2060is direct-coupledfor minimumlow-frequencyphase shift,and has a high dampingfactorto gnsurecleanbassreproduction.

The TR 2060 provides AM as well as FM reception. Presetbuttons provide instant selectionof up to tour FM stations.

Multiple protection circuits ensure the safety of both speakersand amplifier in the event ot a component failure. Thepowersupply circuit breakersare accessible without opening the receiver.

Phono signalsare connected directly to a separate RIAAeaualizer ci rcuit.

Stereoand mono signal/noise ratio and distottion curves for the Electronic FM Tuner4.

12

TR 2080 Norwayis an excellentcountryfor the developmentof advancedtuners,for its m ount ainous t er r a i np l a c e sma x i mu m difficultiesin the way of good FM recepti o n. The E lec t r onicF M T u n e r4 w h i c h T a n d -

The flagshipof the line, TandbergTR 2080receivercombines an extraordinarilyadvancedamplifierdesign with a tuner section so audibly superiorthat we could use nothing less for our other receivers.

Ratedat 75 watts per channel,min. N or i s thereany comprom iseon t he R M S,both channel sdri veni nto B ohms conveniencefeaturesthat makethe from 20 Hz to 20,000Hz,with lessthan TR 2080the most pleasurablereceiver 0.05% total harmonicdistortion,the you can use. amplifiersectionof the TR 2080provides Indi vi dual sensi ti vi ty contro lsequalize more-than-adequate poweroutput for the volumelevelsbetweendifferent

( t r eble,m id- r ange, and bass) individually , f or eachchannel,and usable adjust able in recording,as well as in playback,as are the two High and one Low filters.A separatetone-controldefeatswitch is also providedto bypassthe actionof the c

be r g d e v e l o p e d f o r th e T R 2 0 8 0 a p -

h o m e l i steni ng envi ronments,

and i ts ex-

sources, and w hen you sw i tc h from one

tone control circuitry, and each input is

tion. The ElectronicFM Tuner4 which Tand-

amplifiersection of the TR 2O8Oprovides Individualsensitivitycontrolsequalize the volume levelsbetweendifferent more-than-adequatepower output for

separatetone-controldefeat switch is also providedto bypassthe action of the

home listeningenvironments, and its exberg developedfor the TR 2080 approachesthe theoreticallimitsof physics ceptionalrisetime (1 USec)and slewensure in termsof its sensitivityand signal-to- rate(20V/ Sec)specifications noiseratio,producing50 dB of quieting that no orchestralcrescendoor steeorisingtransientwaveformwill everexwith an input as low as 3 p V, and an ceedthe amplifier'scapacityfor audiblyratioof ultimatestereosignal-to-noise 75 dB. The signal-strength meterused in pedectsound reproduction.(lf some of our ElectronicFM Tuner4 operatesover theserathernew specificationparametan extremelywide sensitivityrange,giv- ers are unfamiliarto you, seethe discusing usefulindicationson signalsas weak sion on pp. 10-1 1. The TR 2060section on BrilliantTransientReproduction.) as 0. 5pV ,and no t re a c h i n gm a x i m u m readingsuntil a 200 mV levelis attained. For precise,distortion-freereception,a second,center-tunemeteris included, with markingsof -50 kHz,to centerthe receivedsignalwithin the tuner'spassband.

sources,and when you switchfrom one to the other,thereare not only a total absenceof annoying"clicks" (whichcan harm loudspeakers as well as your listeningsatisfaction), there is actually automaticelectronicfading.This means that you can alternatebetweentwo turntablesfor blendingand cueingjust as the professionals do. The phono input connectorsfor Phono 1 and Phono2 are mounteddirectlyon the printedcircuit board,with each signalsourcehavingits ensuringm axim um ow n i nputampl i fi er, signal-to-noiseratio.Two recorderscan be usedwith the built-incircuitsof the TR 2080,with full freedomto monitor either,copy from one to the other,or copy tapeswhile you listento a completelydifferentprogram.And, if you wish, unlikemost receivers, the TR 2080 providesyou with threetone controls

tone controlcircuitrv.and each input is providedwith a sepirate "buffer" amplifierstage,ensuringoptimalsignal-tonoiseratio.Two high-cutfilters(which can be usedjointly)and a low-cutfilter, all switchable,are providedfor lessthan-optimumsources,and a total of sevenspeaker/receiverprotectioncircuits are incorporatedto preventdamage in the eventof any mishap.A hum-free shieldedtoroidaltransformer,provides powerwithout noiseto the highlyregulatedpowersupply.

Separatepreamplifier outputs and power amplifier nputs permit interlacing such accesso/lesas equalizersor reverberationamplifiers. The newly-designed preamplifier is capable ot an output of up to 5 volts with /ess than 0.1ok distortion.

fhe large signal-strengthmeter gives easy to read indications up to 200 mV, and can be switched to read outDut Dower.An accurate center-tune meter ensuresc/eareslreception of FM stereo broadcasts.

Thebuilt-in ferrite-rod AM antenna can be rotateci through 270" lor optimum reception,and terminals are Drovided for external FM and AM antennae.

Tandberg'sshielded toroidal transformer,prevents strav fields that can cause hum.

14

THE NEW AGTILINEAR REGORDAMPLIFIER

Tape recording developments take place at two different, though ultimately related levels. On the one hand, improvements in magnetic tapes themselves often require the manufacturers of recording equipment to modify and upgrade their products to gain the full advantage of new oxide formulations. On the other hand, improvements in low-noase,low distortion recorder electronics can make a system-open-reel or cassette-"tape limited" by imperfections in existing tape media.

The greatestlimitationson the qualityof tape recordingtoday lie in signal-tonoiseratioand in reducedhigh frequency response,especiallyat slow tape soeeds.lt can be shown that these two factors are reciprocallyrelated;that is, if we improvethe frequencyresponse,the signal-to-noise ratiowill deteriorate,and vice-versa. Today's recordingtapes use a plastic film, usuallypolyester,as their base material.For open-reelit is generallyabout 20 pm in thickness,and is coated on one side with an emulsionapproximately 1 2pm t hic kwhich c o n ta i n sth e m a g netic particles.An inert,flexible material known as the "binder" servesto bond the particlesto the base film while isolating them from each other. In terms of total volume,the emulsioncontains about 40 % magneticmaterialand 60 % binder.The magnetic particles themselvesare needle-shaped,and have an averagelengthof about 0.5prm,and a diameterof about 0.'l pm. Duringmanufacture,while the coatingis stillwet, these particlesare oriented in a longitudinaldirectionby passingthem througha powerfulmagneticfield.The physicaland rnagneticqualitiesof the particles,and the way they are appliedto the basefilm (orientation, density, surfacesmoothness,etc.) determinethe ultimatequality of the tape. Two of the most importantqualitiesof the magneticparticlesare their retentivity(abbreviated86) and their coercivity (H6).Retentivityis an indication of how much magneticenergy is re-

how well the tape will retainhigh frequency informationat slow tape speeds. As tapes have improvedover the years, coercivitieshavesteadilyclimbed,from the 250 Oerstedlevelof early cassette formulationsto the 500-550 Oersted rangecharacteristic of chromiumdioxide and today'spremiumcobalt-modified ferrit formulations.Table 1 shows this progress,and also indicatesthat advanced"fine metal particle" tapes with a coercivityof approximately1000 Oersteds,are currently nearing production. At each stage,recordermanufacturershave had to increasethe capabilitiesof their decks to accomodate the more coercive(higher bias) tapes. As we looked to the reouirementsfor the new generationof "metal" tapes,as well as to how best to optimize recorder performancewith existingformulations, Tandbergperformeda stage-by-stage analysisof how the audio signalcan best be processedbefore it is fed to the record head.We reachedthe conclusion that existingcircuitdesignswereweak in threespecificareas:(1)confiningthe flow of bias current to the record head, where it belongs;(2) providingadequate overloadmarginin the recordoutput stageto accomodatethe required recordingcurrent;and (3) propermatching the signalcurrentfrom the record amplifierto the recordhead.Tandberg's answer has been the developmentof the ACTILINEAR RecordAmplifiercircuitry. As you know, for proper recording,two signalsmust actuallyflow throughthe

t-r-+

tained by the tape after it has been ex-

record head simultaneously: the audio

a high-qualityfilterwhich permitsthe properflow of the audio signaltoward the record head while sharply rejecting the backwardflow of bias current to the record head, meetingdesign objective (1). lf you look at Fig. 1, you will noticethat betweenthe output of a conventional RecordAmplifier and record head itself, there is a "constant current resistor". Making this resistorrather large in value (in comparisonwith the a.c. resistance of the record head itself.which risesdirectly in proportion to frequence),one can more or lessensurethat at all audio frequenciesthe audio currentflowing through the record head to magnetize the tape will accuratelyreflectthe input signal voltage.This ensuresoverallflat frequenceresponse.This is the almost universalmethod of connectingthe output from the RecordAmplifierto the record head. Still, common sensemust protestthat some penaltymust be paid if you waste a good deal of audio power destinedfor the record head (where it would be used to record informationon the tape) by burningit up in a largefixed-valueresistor.At the very least,you will haveto providea record amplifiercapableof producingan abnormallyhigh amount of audio power:enough not only to record the tape,but enoughto burn up in a resistorwhose only function is to swamp out the frequency-dependent variationsin the record head'sa.c. resistanceby being much larger than any of them.Whenthis requirementof

abnormallyhigh power is coupledwith the additionalrequirementthat the record amplifiermust sharplyboostthe treble frequencies(so that overall record/playbackresponsewill be flat),the penaltypaid by conventionalsystems liesin insufficientoverloadmarginand slew-ratelimitingin the recordamplifier, Tandberg'sACTILINEAR recording systemprovidesa solution to this common problem.Insteadof using a large, power-wastingpassiveresistorto convert the voltageoutput of the record amplifierinto a constantcurrent, a 2transistor"transconductanceamplifier" stageis employed.(Fig.2.)This circuit eliminatesthe excessivepower requirement (especiallyat the boosted high frequencies),thus eliminatingthe slew-rate limitingthat causesRecordAmplifier distortion.Indeed,the additionalTandberg circuitry providesthe Record Amplifier with a full 20 dB better overload margin!Sincethe resultis "linear" (undistorted)recording,and the meansto produce it is an "active" (transistorized) ratherthan a passive(resistance)circuit, we call the processthe "ACTILINEAR RecordingSystem".(Of coursethis is a completelysimplified explaination. The uniquenessof the ActilinearSystemand thereforeits successlies in the completecircuitry. Furthertechnicaldetails are availableupon request.)ACTILINEARhelpsensurethat, not only with today'sformulations,but with tomorrow's as well, Tandbergrecorderswill only be limited in performancecapacity

orJn"j*"; avairabre'

coerciyity (H6). Retentivity is an indicaAs you know, for proper recording, two tion of how much magneticenergy is re- signals must actuallyflow through the the audio recordheadsimultaneously: tained by the tape after it has been exposed to the field generatedby the resignalto be recorded,and a steady, cord heat-The highera tape's86 rating, ultrasoniccurrentcalled"bias". while the strongerwill be the playbacksignal, In the traditionalarrangement, the betterwill be the most of the bias currentflows through and consequently, ratio.Coercivity(H6)is a the recordhead,as it should,some of it signal-to-noise direct measureof how much force is re- flows backwards,throughthe "constant current" resistor,and entersinput of the quiredto erasea tape,but becauseof the way in which recordingsare actually re c o rdampl i fi erthroughthe equal i zi ng network,where its presencecan cause made in the presenceof a.c.bias, (distortion)in the record non-linearities coercivityis indirectlyan indicatorof The first amplifier. step in the developa required by how much energywill be recordamotape low-distortionrecording,as well as ment of the "ACTILINEAR" lifier,therefore,was the developmentof

sistanceby being much largerthan any of them. When this reouirementof

only be limited in performance capacity by the tapes available.

The impressivedynamic range ol the patent pending Actilinear recording system,as compared to the dynamics ol a conventional recorder ot high quality.

Fig.2. Actilinear

Fig. 1. Conventional

E q u a l . R e c. a m p l.

E qual .amp.

Recordinghead

R ec ordi ng head I U

It is customary to divide ditferent tapes into groups This table reviewssome of the most imporlant data conceming groups of cassette-tapesand tapes tor reel-to-reel rccorders.

Tapes

Cassette-tapes

tl

Group , i c k n e s su m B ac k ingm at er ia l th net ic c oat in g ,th i c k n e s sp m widt h, m m R et ent iv it y81 , Gauss

6

A

3.81

M a qn etic co atin q

yFe2 03

Ex am ple,t ape t y p e

M a xel lU D X LI Ma ster| (3M) T C D 310 MK II TCD 330 TCD 320 rcD 340 A

yhFe2O3(C rOr) Maxel lU D X Ll l Masterl l (3M) TC D 310 MK II TCD 330 TCD 320 TCD 340 A

S uit edt or m ode l s

' After readiustment. " Tape selectorin difterent positionsduring recoding and playback. "' "Metafine" is a registeredtrademarkof 3M Company, USA

15

tl

IV 23

3 .8 1 1400 320

Coercivity,H c 9" t:lgg.Q" )

ill

1500 A6n

3.8 3.81 1500 3000 1000 320/550 yFe2O.+ C rO, Fe S ony Ferri chrome Metaf ine. - " Masterl l l (3M) TC D 310 MK II-TCD 340 ATC D 330.' TC D 320" . TC D 340 A -' a^ Tl ta

3.81

6. 25 1260

21 14 6. 25

1350 325

yFe203

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UD-35 10x 1OXD TD 20 A-

16

TANDBERG

TAHDBEBG

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Tandberghas| ongbeenbest - knownlor t hecr af t sm anshipandinnova-

T D 2O A

Tandberghas long been best-knownfor the craftsmanshipand innovative excellenceof its tape recorders.For years, Tandberg's"crossfield" recordingtechniquehas set a performancestandardfor the industry, looking always for the best possible performance, not only of today's finest tapes, but of the coming generationof "metal particle" tapes. We determinedthat this could best be met through a radicallynew process we call ACTILINEARRecording(Patentpending).

olthe TD mA eratethe pinchrollerandtapegate,acTheTD 20A isTandberg's lirsl open-reelwill alwaysknowthe lrue signal levelbe- Thetransportmechanism as its hievingsmooth,noiseless controlimthe ACTILINEARing led to thetape,and havebeengrap- isasadvancedandnoteworthy recorderto incorporale possiblewith the convenlional process. solenoidelectronics. hicallyredesigned foreasierreading Described moretullyon pp. 14-15 of thaneverbefore.A new,phase-co rrec- Capableol acceptingreelsup to 10'/2' activaledsystem.Tandbergs lu lflog ic buttonconlrolpelmitsyouto go rrom thiscalalogue,lhebenefitsof tion networkhasbeenaddedto sharpen in diameter, the TD20 Atransportcon ACTILINEAR recordingincludeadrama- stereoimageryand preventphaseuntainsrour moto6 lalherthanthree.The rewindinlo playbackwilh complete safely,andallowstheinclusionof 'steptic increase(20dB)in lhe signalhand- linearity.Fourseparaterecord-levelcon-capstanis drivenby a brushless molor,and usesabell synchronous stop editingwith tullmoniloringcapalingcapacityof the recordelectronics, trols,plusa masterrecordcontrol, permitlull mic/lineand line/linemixing, driveandheavytlywheelto eliminale bility.An optionalPCMwirelessremotemakingthemess€ntially immuneto vibrationsfrom beingtranslerred from conlrolthaloperatesby infra-redsignals dew ratelimitingandtransientinanda switchable 25 dB microphone at is available, so youwill nol be limitedby termodulation distortion{TlM).this lenuatoris providedto preventpossible the motorlo the capstan.Thelwo reel motorsaredirectlycoupledto the reel the lengthand inconvenience ot a cable. meansbeilertransientrespons€ and overloadwhenusinghighoutpuispeandarecontrolledby a TheTD mA isTandbergs answerlolhe lowerdistorlionoverall. cialitymicrophones. Evena switchable turntables, ofthe futurein the present. Fronlpanelbiasadjuslment controls PROlr" (programreadonly memory) challenge Sel-Sync'featurehasbeenincluded, havebeenincludedto lacililateoptimum makingseparale, synchronized record- wiih airialoutputto provideconstant performance tapelension(regardless with anyknownor ing ofthe two channelspossible. oflhe amount prospective tape.Tandbergs equalized, oftapeon the reel)bothin record/ p aybackand in high-speed peakreadingrecordlevelindicalors winding havebeenretained, modes.Thelourthmotoris used10op ensuringlhat you fand|E|g'srvalu|ianarnewAcTlL1NEAhsy9mfhepha|ocaupler|halcontols|heaulonacendAcadlesin||a.Edrnote.6n|mlaeesfrpbvi Nmi|shmdlk9si9nalle|dsappDxinately2adBs|opope,ationo|theID2aAaperat*byrnla@ddasna'inunlexibilnyandeealap6E|ionwnh. hishq than BJrtd by hy ot today s.ap* Ihe hsht.preveminqtat@ stop cdhhandstnggeted bl aut nte eing ||nh sanats dunng .9otd at play ttontpmet [email protected] contb/J iltt pamft sunliqht at anilicial liqht. ba.k. ahd .ts6 pemns ose ol a titu swnch bl prcpet eguipnent ta optinize taked &tnnnetwith autanatrc stan a.d stop tn ptay at rc@td.

cadins

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Successor to the famed TCD 330,Tandberg's new TCD 340 A offers even higher performancethan the cassettedeck many experts believedcould successfullychallengethe supremacyof open-reelrecorders.To the 3-head,3-motordual-capstandesign that brought such critical acclaim, we have added Tandberg'sremarkablenew ACTILINEARrecording system.

ACTILINEAR recording(Patentpending) i s dis c us s edin m o red e ta i lo n p p 1 4 1 5,but it br ingst o th e T C D3 4 0A s o me which are particularlyimadvantages oofiantfor the cassetteformat. p ro c e s sb, u i l t T andber g' A s CT IL IN E AR

and permitsan unusuallyhigh fastwind- The 4 Dolby. noisereductioncircuitsin ing speed.The closed-loopdual-capstanthe TCD340 A allowyou to monitora properlydecodedplaybacksignalwhen driveeffectivelyisolatesthe tape at the criticalpoint whereit passesacrossthe the Dolbysystemis in use,and an FM heads,and reducesmotionaldisswitchpermitsdecodingFM Dolby turbances(wow and flutter)to an inbroadcastswhethervou wish to record

into the TCD 340 A, increases the total qinnal handlino canacitv of the record

and a playbackof that samesignalfrom the tape. Of the relativelyfew cassette decksthat providethis feature,most installthe playbackheadand the record head in the same physicalcase.This compromise,however,leadsto bias-interference effects between such closelyspaced heads,and to high frequency

significant level. All transport control functions are logic-operated for smooth,

them or not. A sharp multiplex filter eliminates FM subcarrier interference

I andberg's ACTILINEAR process, built

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switch permits decoding FM Dolby broadcasts whether you wish to record \-.r

into the TCD 340 A, increasesthe total terferenceeffectsbetweensuch closelysignalhandlingcapacityof the record spacedheads,andto high frequency lossesin the uppermostregisterdue to amplifierby some 20 dB more than the presenttapesrequire,ensuringthat the azimuthmisalignment. Tandberg,by amplifierwill not be overloadedat any contrast,uses headsof its own design and constructionthat are entirelysepafrequency.This meansextremelylow distortion,especiallyat high frequencies,rate,and providesa 10 kHz testfreedomfrom transientintermodulation generatorto permitthe userto optimize distortion(TlM)and slew rate limiting; recordedoerformancedesoitethe no interference from biasvoltage,and mechanicalvariationsfound in different overall,a truer,more faithfulrecording cassettes. than has been oossiblebefore. The use of separate,directly-coupled Tandberg'strue 3-headdesignis motors for fast-forwardand rewind, plus anotherexamoleof its refusalto coma third,synchronousmotor for the promisethe requirements of good music closed-loopdual-capstandrive,is recordingand reproduction. anotherindicationof the extraordinary By usingseparaterecordand playback engineeringand craftsmanship that has heads,the TCD 340 A permitsyou to gone into the designof the TCD 340 A. makean instantaneous comoarisonbe- The separatespoolingmotorseliminate tweenthe signalbeingfed to the tape the complexlinkagesthat are usually employed(andcan often breakdown),

significantlevel.All transportcontrol functionsare logic-operated for smooth, '100% fail-safeoperation. The TCD 340 A also incorporatesTandberg'sequalized,peak-readingmeters,a uniquedesignthat permitsyou to monitorthe true levelof the signalgoing to the tape, ratherthan the customary averagevalue (VU-meters)beforethe applicationof the recordtreblepreemohasis.

them or not. A sharp multiplexfilter eliminatesFM subcarrieri nterference with the Dolby operation.A tape-type switch adjuststhe recorderfor the best of today's premium tapes,and a memory rewind switch allows you to return quicklyto any selectedpoint on the tape. An optional remote-controlaccessoryis available, and the unit can be timerprogramedfor unattendedrecording. The TCD 340 A can be operatedeither verticallyor horizontally, for maximum flexibilityin installation, and an optional rack-mountingkit is available.

' The name "Dolby" is a registered trademarkof DolbyLaboratories, Inc Light-touch pushbuttonswith LED indicators/control Theproblem of fifting three separateheads and dual all the tunctions ol the TCD 340 A. capstansinto the tape openings of the standard cassetteis completely solved in the TCD 340 A design.

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7

TGD 32O

Tandberg'sreputationfor sonic excellenceand durable design engineering will not be compromised, even in its least costly cassette deck. Thus, the TCD 320 also uses the dual-capstanclosed-looptape drive system which Tandberg was the first to develop.

By isolatingthe lengthof tape actuallyin The input circuitsof the TCD 320 aucontactwith the recorderheadsfrom tomaticallyadjustto the differentlevels in the cassetteshellor pr oducedby phono,t uner ,or m icr oany irregularities phonesour ces,ensur ingf ull dynam ic i n the tapew i ndi ng,and by usingt he differentialtensiongeneratedbetween rangeand lowestpossibleinput noise the two capstan/pinch-roller assemblies fo,rall sources.A switchablemultiplex to provideoptimal tape-to-headpressure,stable,qentle,low-wow tape mo-

filtereliminatesany possibleinterference to the built-inDolbv-svstemfrom the 19

differentialtension generatedbetween ran ge and towest p"""ib:t; j; ;;i ;;i"; the two capstan/pinch-roller assemblies for all sources. A switchable multiplex to provideoptimaltape-to-headpresfiltereliminatesany possibleinterJerence sure,stable,gentle,low-wowtape moto the built-inDolby-systemfrom the 19 ti on i s assured.A smooth- r unning, kHZ FM steromultiplexcarrier.Tandsynchronousdrive motor keepstape berg'sequalizedpeak-readingrecordinspeedaccurateto within +1 yo.Separate dicators,unlikeconventionalVU meters, wind and rewindmotors,direct-coupled indicatethe precisesignallevelthe tape to their respectivespindles,eliminate is actuallyreceiving,makingit possible wear-pronemechanicalclutch linkages, to maximizethe signal-to-noise ratio and reducethe high-speedwindingtime without introducingdistortion.A tape of a C-60 cassetteto lessthan 45 sectypeselectorswitchoptimizes onds. performancewith today'sleadingcassettes,and separateplaybackcontrols matchthe levelsfrom the TCD 320to other componentsin your systemand adjustthe front-panelheadphonelistening level. The TandbergTCD 320 may be mounted ver t ically ( usingt he legssupplied)or hor izont ally, and an opt ional19 inch rack-mountingkit is available.

- The name "Dolby" is a registered trademarkof DolbyLaboratories, Inc. Dual-capstanclosed-loop drive systemin combination with 3 motors,aTandberginnovation,ensures smooth, gentle tape tlow across the head, where it maftersmost.

The three specially-designedmotorseliminate the need for mechanical clutches that will wear out and degradeperformance.

Theseparaterecord and playback level controls ol the TCD 320 help integrate it into your overall system. Theplayback control also adjuststhe volume at the front-panel headphonejack.

The complete mechanicalstabilitv of the TCD 320 permits it to be used as a front loader, with the standa.rd.legsprovided, as a top-loader,or at any

angte tn between. You can even hanq it trom a wall

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Right from the early days when the firm was founded, Tandberg has

sTuDro

MONITORS

When a loudspeakersystemis being designed,a numberof problemsmust be solved.The systemconsistsof relatively few parts, but even a small changeto one detailcan mean a largechangein the sound picture.The final designis thereforea very careful compromisebetween many factors. Tandberghas compileda list of 6 target featuresfor the designand construction of Hi-Filoudspeakers: 1) Low cut-offfor the bassfrequencies 2) Low distortionover the entire frequencyrange 3) High power handlingcapabilityover the entire frequencyrange 4) Good transientresponse 5) Homogeneoussound distributionover a largeroom angle 6) Good tonal balance

23

1. Low bass cut-off Everyloudspeakersystemhas a pafticular bassresonancewhich is a functionol the cabinetsize(volume)and the construction of the woofer (the stiffnessof the diaphragmsuspensionand the mass of the moving unit).Thesefactors also affect the bass cut-off frequencyand fixing them alwaysinvolvesa compromise betweentheir variouseffects. A large part of the researchthat went into the TandbergStudioMonitorwas devotedto findingthe idealcompromise betweenthese factors to achievea low bass cut-off frequencyin a cabinet of this volume.The woofer has a very long axial movementand a large magnet. Thereforethe bass reproductionis good and the distortionis low - evenat hioh powers.

Right from the early days when the firm was founded, Tandberg has developed and manufactured loudspeakers.We have always had stringent requirements for test and inspection. Our object is to make loudspeakers with the same high quality as the other products which have made the name Tandberg known throughout the world.

3. High power handling capability over the entire frequency range A loudspeakersystemdesignedto deliverhigh power must withstandthe mechanicaland thermal effectsthat go with high power.At very high powersthe temoeraturein the voice-coiland in the filter is high,at the sametime as the axialexcursionof the diaphragmis large.Theseconditionscan leadto permanentdeformationor destructionof vital partsin the system.This is why for the StudioMonitorwe were verycareful to choosehigh qualitydrive unitsand to set stringentrequirements on the design of the filter.

(uniform)sound 5. Homogeneous distribution In a loudspeakersystemthe sound reproductionis also dependenton the locationof the driveunits.In the Studio Monitorthe driveunitsare mounted slightlyoff-centerwith regardto the middleaxis of the front panel.This avoidsundesirableedge resonances from the cabinet.Eachdrive unit has beencarefullyselectedand matchedto the systemso that the circularsound distributionpatternfor its own frequency rangeis optimum.This meansthat the StudioMonitorproducesvery uniform sound distributionoverthe entirefrequencyrange.

4. Goodtransientresponse

Transientresponseis an expressionthat describeshow the loudspeakersystem respondsto a suddenchangein the programsignalfrom the amplifier.We 2. Low distortion over the entire frequency range saythe transientresponseis good when Distortionin a loudspeakersystemcan the systemreactsvery quickly to a havemanycauses,includingweaknes- changein the signaland convertsit to ses in the filter,non-linearityin the sound without itselfaffectingor distortmagneticfield and/or in the diaphragm ing the sound.A verydecisivefactorfor suspension. Theseproblemscan be a good transientresponseis a large overcomeby selectingloudspeakerdrive magnetsuch as the one we havein the unitswith largemagnetsbecauselarge w ooferi n the S tudi oMonit or . magnetsproducea homogeneous magneticfield.In the crossoverfilterthe coilsare one of the commonestsources of distortion.The filter in the Studio Monitorhas air-coredcoils.Theydo not havethe disadvantagesof iron-cored coils such as distortionat high sound levelscaused by magneticsaturation. Theseare some of the reasonswhy the StudioMonitorhasvery low distortion.

6. Good tonal balance I n t he opinionof m anypeoplet his is t he most importantcharacteristic in the design and choiceof loudspeakersystems. The frequencyresponseof a systemdependson the acousticsof the room it is in. With the mid-frequency and treble controlsin the neutralpositionthe Tandberg StudioMonitoris suitedto the acousticsof an averagelisteningroom. But to givethe listenerthe opportunity to adjustthe Studio Monitorso that it producesthe best possiblesound pattern in a particularroom,the mid-frequencyand treblerangescan be tuned by ! 2 dB. The controls,which are convenientlyplacedat the front, provide verysmoothtuning. See specs.for TandbergStudioMonitor on p. 3'1.

24

TL S'2OIFASETT

Loudspeakers-created for all kinds of music.The TL 3520are top qual' ity loudspeakersfrom Tandberg,techniqueand design are in line with the other products.The TL 3520has been tested by the Germantechnicaljournal "Hi-FiStereophonie"and by the State ResearchLaboratory (Sweden),and was introducedin the SwedishHi-Fi Handbook1977.The tests have given excellent results.

TL 3520 is a three-way system with dome tweeter,mid-rangespeaker and woofer. loudspeakers Theindividual havebeen

sound levels.This has alwaysbeen an importantobjectivein the construction of Tandbergloudspeakers! TandbergFasettcombinesfaithful sound reproductionand noveldesignin Fasetthas been one small loudspeaker.

new to modernloudspeakerproduction. with bass The Fasettis a dual-system and trebledrivingunits.Furthermorethe Fasettemploysthe bass-reflexprinciple (seeexplanationunderthe paragraph TechnicalTerms,lastpage)which means

designedand constructedwith many

the loudspeakerboastsan impressive

The tone controlsof the amplifiermust be set in neutralposition(mid-position), so that they do not compensatefor weaknessin individualspeakers.Make specially selected to give the best possi- sure that the sound intensityis the same ble results in relation to the size of the when you changebetweendifferent cabinet. We consider it imperative tnat

speakers.Take care that the speakers

specially selected to give the best possible results in relation to the size of the 0 cabinet. We consider it imperative that the sound oicture for all loudsoeakers have the same character. The TL 3520 has real wood cabinet, black fabric in front and an aluminum trim on the sides.

It is important to make the right choice. in a Hi-Fi The task of the loudspeakers systemis to convertthe program from record,tape or radiointo soundvia the amplifier.lf you havea good program sourceand a good amplifier,the speakers must be at leastas good to accomolishthis task.lt is thereforeunwiseto savemoneyon this last link of the sound reproductionchain.lt may be difficultto makethe right choice.Thereare many factorsto consider,but if you choosethe loudspeakers which the manufacturer recommendsfor the amplifier,a good resultis guaranteed. Tandberg'sloudspeakershave been developedfor use with Tandberg'samplifiers.Theytake full advantageof the performance characteristics of the amolifier.

Howto evaluateand compare loudspeakers Listento differenttypesof music.Make surethat the programsourceis good, a good recordfor instanceand that the playbackequipmentis of high quality.

25

sure that the sound intensity is the same when you change between different

sound reproductionand novel design in (see explanation under the paragraph one small loudspeaker.Fasetthas been Technical Terms, last page) which means

I

the loudspeakerboastsan impressive designedand constructedwith many bass responsedespiteits small size. small surfacesjoined together at different angles.Consequentlythe Fasettcan Living sound be tilted and turnedto many positions dependenton where it is placedand With the Tandberg Fasettall the advanhow the sound is requiredto flow tagesof directand indirectsound distrithrough the room. This makesthe Fasett butioncan be exploited.In the concert hall the soundflows out from the instrua very versatilesound source. lt can be hung from the ceiling,fixed to the wall mentsin all directions.lt spreadsout in (keyholeslotson the back),or placedin the room, partlybeameddirectlyat the a bookshelfor on the floor. SeveralFa- listenersand partlyreflectedas indirect setts can be placedtogether in clusters soundfrom the walls,ceilingand floor. Relation between loudspeaker and ot 2,4,6 or 7. Usedin this way the Fasett The total sound in a concerthall is is an interestingalternativeto ordinary thereforea combinationof directand inamplifier loudspeakers installations, in big music directsound.The strengthof the indirect quality All high amplifierstoday havean discotheques,departmentstores,hotels sound in comparisonwith the direct almost distortionlesssound reproducsound dependsupon the hardnessof tion. One of the most importanttasksfor and restaurants. the reflectingsurfaces-the walls,ceilthe speakermanufactureris to make ing and floor.The sound reflectedfrom loudspeakers which do not themselves Newtechniques a hard surface(glass,concrete)is add any audibledistortion-even at high The technicaldesignand the appearstrongerthan the sound reflectedfrom a ance of the Tandberg Fasettare both soft surface(curtains,perforatedtiles). With the Fasettthis living"sound picture" can be re-createdin the home. speakers.Take care that the speakers which are being comparedare placedin the same way in the room, and one of them is not in a corneror closerto the floor than the other.Listencarefullyto the bass,trebleand mid-frequency ranges.The bass must be clean and clearlyaudible.lf you have a record player,tape recorderand amplifierwith a wide frequencyrange,then choose a loudspeakerwhich can reproduceit.

Colors Tandberg Fasettis deliveredin three colors,black,antiquewhite and orange. The surfacesof the Fasettare treated with matt lacouer.The shapeand choice of colorswith the Fasettmake it suitable for a wide varietyof interiors.

Playback Mode Lell E

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Tandberg'snew remotecontrol meanscordlessremotecontrol

With cordlessremotecontrolyou needn'tbe limitedto remainingwithin a Not everyonewants remotecontrolwith certaindistanceof the instrument.You a tape recorder.This featureis therefore can moveabout freelyin the room and an optionalaccessory. Thosewho requ- still havethe vitalfunctionsunderfull ire remotecontrolfor the TD 20 A, will control. receivereallyadvancedunitswhich offera high degreeof operatingcomfort.Tandberghas designedinfrared transmitterand receiverunitswhich are extremelyeasyto operate-the RC 20svstem.

TAITITRETG

rAI

Tandberg Microphone TM 6 Complete TM 6 has an elegantcaseof extruded al umi ni umand i t i s w el l s;i t ed f or r eor oducti onof speaki ngvoi ce,singingvoice and music.The TM 6 is not overlysensitiveto movementnoise,and it mutes wind noiseand breathingsounds.The TM 6 is ball shaoed,and it can, in fact. recordsoundscoming from all directions in an equallysatisfactorymanner. The TM 6 comeswith a plasticcarrying case,a tablestandand a holderwith which to mount it to a lloor stand holder. A largertablestandcomesas supplementaryequipment.lt has many uses.

-25d.

Mtc Sens

Everysinglemicrophonemust pass strictqualitycontroltests,and no microphone leavesthe factory before it satisfiesthe technicalrequirements we demand.Frequencyresponse:50-1 5.000 Hz ( +3, - 6 dB) .Dir ect ional f or m : Ball (omnidirectional). Principle:Electrodynamic.Sensitivity: 0.1 mV/bar (at 1000 Hz) .lm pedance: 250ohm s.Coupling: Fixedmounting,4 metersof cord with DI Nplug.Dim ensions: Lengt h185m m , largestdiameter23.5mm. Weight:160 gramswith cord and plug.

A lar96r tabt€ stand @|lB 6 suppte. menrary€quipment.lt ha6 many us€s_

TANDBERGQUALTTY The word qualityis difficultto define. But for most people it meansthat the productwill performaccordingto the specification, that it will be reliableoperatesatisfactorilyover a long period-and last but not leastthat it will continue to perform according to specification even when it is no longer new.

To achieveall this puts strongdemands Learninglaboratoriesand data products on the individualcomponentsand the way they are assembled.This is precisely In recentyearsTandberghas developed the area of productionthat gives rise to and producedspecial products for the the products from some factoriesbeing non-domesticelectronicmarket.Best betterthan the products from other fac- known are the Tandberglearninglabortories.What we are reallytalking about atories,which have been marketedfor is "concealedquality"-not the quality more than 15 years.So far Tandberg has that is concernedwith operationalfacili- installedlearninglaboratories with about ties and features,but the quality that re- 90,000student placesin more than 50 veals itselfonly when you use the prod- countries.Today Tandbergis one of the uct over and overagain. world's largestproducersof learninglaboratories. Tandbergalso producesa range of data products for the professionalmarket, and the range includesdisplayterminals and digital cartridge recorders.

It has alwaysbeen Tandberg'sobjective to design and produce quality products. It is a reward in itselfthat satisfiedcustomers in marketsall over the world have themselvescoined the concept "Tandberg Quality" as a synonymfor reliable productswith featuresout of the ordinary.

28

TECHNIGALEXPRESSIONS RECEIVERS Tandberg'sTR 2000sare a complete seriesof advancedreceivers. A receiverconsistsof three parts:Tuner, preamplifierand poweramplifier.To understanda receiver'soedormance completely,it is necessaryboth to listen to the qualityof sound and to studythe for eachseparatepart. specifications

TUNER ratio. Thesignal/noase The signal/noiseratioin the tuner is a measurement showinghow clearlythe signal(the radio program)soundsin relationto the electronicdisturbances surroundingit. The higherthe measurement,the betterthe sound quality. Sensitivity for a Sensitivityis a furthermeasurement reallyadvancedtuner.The degreeof tells how clearlya weak signal sensitivity can be reproduced.This specification showsthe weakestsignalwhich can be receivedand reproducedin stereowith 46 dB signal/noiseratio.For all tunersin the 2000series,the guaranteedminifor sensitivityis mum measurement 20 pV. Selectivity showing Selectivityis a measurement how accuratelythe tuner separatesthe differentstations.The higherthe selecand the tivity,the lessthe interference betterthe soundand the tuner.Tuner4, which is a oart of all the receiversin the 2000series,is measuredafterlHF. ,t400 kHz as high as 80 dB.

levelas they enterthe apparatus,and the stant,can be very irritating- especially basisfor comparison. lf a manufacturerdoes not statewhich forthcomingresultis a superbqualityof in quieterpassagesof musicor in pauses.This noisecan be reducedby kind of measurementhe usesit can be souno. increasingthe recordinglevelso that the assumedthat it is a weightedmeasurement usedto presentthe productin a distancebetweenthe programsignal Amplifier most favorableway. Apartfrom the output and distortionre- and the noiseis madegreater. sults.it is imoortantto take a closerlook Distortion at the data for the transientreoroducDynamic range tion. This explainsthe amplifier'sdyna- The constructionof tapesis such that mic capacity,i.e.how it dealswith sud- distortionwill increasewith increased A program'sdynamicrangeis the den signalchanges. strengthof the recordingsignal.Distor- relationshipbetweenthe strongestand tion changesthe characterof the sound. weakestsignalsin the program.In orchestramusicthe dynamicrangeis This phenomenonoccursespeciallyat Rise Time, Slew Rate and DIM RiseTime showshow long (or short)a high signallevelsand can be reducedby wide. A tape recorder'sdynamicrangeis limittime is requiredfor the amplifierto rea mutingof the recordinglevel.As is producea high frequencytone. Rise illustratedin the previousparagraph, ed in the lower part of the scaleby tape Time for the amolifierin the 2000series however,this has an undesirableeffect noiseand by distortionin the upper part. is 1 ;r sec or 1 millionthof a second. Becausehighertonesare more difficult on the signal/noiseratio. to record,they are speciallystrengthSlew Ratetells how well the amplifier Becauseof the relationshipbetween reproducesstrong high frequencysigthesefactors,the signal/noiseratioand enedduring recording.Theytherefore nals.Slew Rateis given in V per. second. the distortionshouldalwaysbe evalureachthe distortionlevelmore quickly.lf The Tandberg2000 seriesspecifiesa ated together.lt is thereforenecessaryto the recordingis done properly,the sigminimumof 20 V/p sec. know at what levelof distortionthe sig- nal/noiseratio is the sameas the dvnaDIM is an expressionusedfor dynamic nal/noiseratio is measured.Recognized mrc range. intermodulation and tellswhich distormanufacturers of Hl-Flequipment tions occur as a resultof suddensignal alwaysgive the levelof distortion. range Frequency changes.The audibilitylimit for DIM is The greaterthe frequencyrangea tape 0.2'h, but all the modelsin the Tandberg Distortion and signal/noise ratio recorderhas,the morethe recording 2000serieshavea DIM of no more than Thereare manydifferentmethodsof soundwill resemblethe Program 0.05%. measuringthe signal/noiseratio.Each sound.I n addit ion,all t he t oneswit hin of theserepresentsa clearlydefined this rangemust be reproducedwith the TAPE RECORDERS/CASSETTE standard.And each of thesestandards correctreciprocalstrengthrelationship. DECKS of the frecan be givenweightedor unweighted.A Therefore,the specifications SIGNAL/NOISE RATIO quencyrangeare insufficientif the weightedmeasurementis one where The signal/noiseratiocan be definedas certaintypesof noiseare removed.This measurementmethodor tolerancelevel givesthe highestmeasurement the relationshipbetweenthe required and also, for deviationsin strengthrelationships signallevel(the program)and the noise apparently, the best result.The unare not givenat the sametime.Therelevel.The signal/noiseratio is given in for the weightedmeasurementrepresentsan fore,in readingthe specifications dB and the measurements should be as un-filteredresult. frequencyrange,the figurefor tdB high as possible. Keeothis in mind when lookinoat data should be observed.This figure shows tD

Capture ratio

Noise

which does not specifywhether it is

the tolerancelevel.The lessthe toler-

kHz as high as 80 dB.

and the measurements should be as high as possible.

Captureratio

Noise In additionto the programwhich is Capture ratio is an expressionused to show how well the tuner rejectsdisturb- recorded,there will alwaysbe a certain ing reflectedsignals.Low valuesare best. amountof noiseon the recording.The noisecomes mainlyfrom the tape itself a n d i s usual l ya hummi ngsound.Thi s Channel separation h u mmi ngsound,w hi ch i s al mostconThis is a measurement showinghow well the tuner can separatesignals meantfor the right channelfrom the signalsmeantfor the left channelduring *Dolbynoisereduction(TCD320 stereo broadcasts.Tandberg measures and TcD 340A) this over a frequencyrangefrom 60 to Recording without Dolby. 10,000Hz and not only at 1000Hz.The The signalis blended with the tary noise. When channelseoarationin the 2000seriesis playing, the noise will drown the weak tones in high at a minimumlevelof 40 dB. freouencies.

un-filteredresult. Keepthis in mind when lookingat data which does not specifywhetherit is weightedor not. As is indicatedby the technicaldata givenby Tandberg,there is a great differencebetweenresultswith and withoutfiltering.Tandberggivesthe resultsaccordingto both methodsof measurement to givethe best possible

frequency range, the figure for +dB should be observed. This fiqure shows

the tolerancelevel.The lessthe tolerance,the more precisethe measurement.lf the toleranceis not given,the specificationshould be lookedupon with sceoticism.

.The name "Dolby" is a registered trade m ar k f or Dolby I nc. , U. S. A. Recording with Dolby. Playback with Dolby. The weaker high frequency tones are strengthened in The tones are played on their original level. The noise such a way that they drown the tape noise. is subdued accordingly.

Preamplifier The input signalswhich the preamplifier is concernedwith, are weak.They are thereforeextremelysensitivetowards noiseand disturbancesfrom the electric fieldswhich are invariablyformed in electricequipment.Evenso, Tandberg has succeededin creatinga preamplifier which is unusuallyfree from noise. First,the 2000serieshas a preamplifier part with a separatepreamplifierunit on eachsingleoutput.In addition,these unitsare coupleddirectlyto the inputs. The weak input signalsreachthe correct

Phasecorrectaon The electroniccorrectingcircuitswhich are necessary for the recordingand playingof programson a tape recorder alwaysgive a certain phasetorsion resultingin bad transientresponse. To improvethis,the TandbergTD 20 A is fittedwith speciallydevelopedphase correctioncircuits.The transientresponsecan be examinedby recordinga clearsquare wave signal from a signal generatorand then playthe tape and studythis signalon an oscilloscope. The more it resemblesthe original square wave signal from the generator, the betterthe transient resoonse.

Signal lrom signalsource fed into the tape recorder. (Square wave)

Thesquare wave after recording and play-back on a typical tary recorder without phase correction circutts.

Similarsquare wave alter recording and playback on TD 20 A with phase correction circuits. There is a

I

TEGHNICALDATA RECEIVERS

TA

AMPLIFIERSECTION

TR 2080

TR 2060

TR2045

TR2030

O ut pu tp o w e r p e rc h a n n e l,sin ewa ve{ r o m2 0 to 2 0 ,0 0 0Hz in 8 o h ms B ot hc h a n n e l sc j r i v e n ( F T C) .Disto r tioin s i m u lta n e o u sly n %.

75W 0.05%

60w o.o7%

45W 0.09%

30w 0.09%

Distortion at 1 dB undernominaloutputoowerand lowerat 1 kHz and 8 ohms

0.01%

0.03%

0.o3 Yo

0.03%

Intermodulationaccordinqto IHF Oampingfactor by nominaloutputpowerin 8 6hms

0.05%

0.07%

0.09%

0.09%

OU

55 20-20,000H z

55 20-2O.O0O Hz

55 20-20.000 Hz

Ope

20-20,000H z Frequencyresponse from linearinputs( - 1.5 dB)

6-80,000 H z

8-50,000 H z

8-50,000 H z

8-50.000 H z

Chann € ls e p a r a t i o na t 1 k H z,m in im u m .

60 dB

60 dB

60 dB

60 dB

+15 dB + 3dB + 7dB +15d8 + 8dB

+15 dB + 3dB

+15dB + 3dB

+ 15d8 + 3dB

+'15dB + 8dB

+15 dB + 8dB

+ 15 dB + 8dB

Tone controls. Treblecontrolat 10 kHz: Loud n e s sa t 10 k H z ,m a xim u m : Mid-freouencv controlat 1 kHz: Basscohtrolat 50 Hz: Lou d n e s a s t 5 0 H z .m a x im u m : Low tone filter 12 dB per octave, 3 dB at High t o n e f i l t e r 1 - 1 2 d B pe r o cta ve-, 3 d B a l High tone filter 2 - 6 dB per octave,- 3 dB at Input sensitivity for nominaloutpulpowerin 8 ohms T A P E1 : TAPE2', P HON O1 : P HON O2 : S igna l / h u ma n d n o i s e r a tio ,IHFA- n e two r k lv ax .o u t p u t8. o h m sl o a d .sh o r te din p u t T A P E1 : TAPE2: P HON O1 : P HON O2 :

30 H z 9,000H z

70 H z

70 H z

70 Hz

8,000 Hz

8,000H z

8,000H z

240 mV 240 mV 3.5 mV

210mV 210mV 3.0 mV

180mV 180mV 2.5 mV

150-600 mV 150-600 mV 2.2-10 mV 3.0 mV

Wave band

87.5- 108 M H z

Tonef r e q u e n c v r a n g e ( 3d B) . Usablesensitivity,300 ohms,mono 50 dB quieting sensitivity,300 ohms MONO: STE R E O :

94 dB 94 dB 86 dB

94 dB 94 dB 86 dB

87 5- 1O8 M H 7

87.5-108MH z

87.5-108MH z

20-15,000H 2 1.7pV /9.8dB t

20-15,000H z 1.9sV l 10.8dB .f

20-15.000H z

?0- 15,00qH 2

1 .9 pVl 10.8 dBf

1. 9 p V l 1 0 . 8 d B l

3pY/14.8dBl 32pY/35 dBt

3.5 pV/16.2 dBt 4OpY/37.3 dBl

3.5 pV l 16.2dB l 4OrtV/37.3 dBl

3.5 pV l 16.2dB f 40 pY/37.3dBf

78 dB 75 dB

76 dB 74 dB

74 dB

FM SECTION

/b otJ

76 dB 74 dB

0.5 % ( 0.4 0/.\

0.5% @ .4 % \

0.5 % (0.4 o/..)

! . 5 % (0 4 % \

80 dB

80 dB

80 dB

80 dB

100dB 70 dB

100dB 70 dB

100dB

AM suppression according to IHF

70 dB

100dB 70 dB

Mid-fre q u e n c yd a m p i n g . Lim it in g( - 3 d B ) a t 7 5 o h msa e r ia im l p e d a n ce

100d8 0.7pY

100dB 0.7pY

100dB 0.7 pY

Noise suppression level at 75 ohms aerialimpedance.

3 pV

3pV

3aV

CaDtureratio.

0.9 dB

1.5dB

1,5dB

Chann e sl e p a r a t i o n , 6 0H z - 1 0 kHz,m e a su r e dse le ctive ly Pjlqt]ol! e r uppless io n

40 dB

40 dB

40 dB

40 dB

70 dB

62 dB

62 dB

62 dB

38kHzsuppression

62 dB

62 dB

62 dB

62 dB

518-1600kH z

518-1600kH z 40 dB

51.5 14.5 32.0 2.0 9.6

51.5 14.5 32.0 2.O 8.3

,.

Sensitivitya!1 MHz,30 % modulationand 20 dB signal/noiseratio.

Spe W .R

W.R Freq +3 d

Sign withI lECr

rEct Cro

42 dB 0.8%

0.8%

25 pY

25 pY

51.5 15.5 35.5 z.c 12.5

51.5 14.5 oz.v

2.0 10.0

Harr From Inpu (The acco Micr

Radk

Linei Linei

Outp or ou Radk Line( Head

sc

widtf Heig Dept Weis

') By

0.7uY J !V

scal=EANDWElg_fr Widthcm Height Depth (+ k no b sc m ) Weightkg

Tap

100dB

AM SECTION Wavebands: _Nlediumwave S.glectivitI alllllHz I 9 ktz pisto4io4 ql30 % modulalion

spe

Trac

at 10 94 dB 94 dB 86 dB

lmage f requency reiection,

Pow

8,000 Hz

98 dB 98 dB 88 dB 88 dB

Signal/noise ratioby 1 mV aerialvoltage(65 dBf) Ac c o r d i n tgo I H F M O N O: S T E R E O: Distortion. lHF.65 dBf 30 Hz - 15 kHz,stereo(mono) Selectivityaccordinq to IHF + 400 kHz

Allc Ple

rol

Oule Len wid Cle Encl Frcq Rclor Scnr iltx. r Murk lmpo Loud Bas Mid liol

) Noc

r

TAPERECORDERS I

All databetterthan DIN 45,500P.4. Pleasenotethatthe technicaldata figuresshownare relatedto the measurirrgmethodsused,

Hz?

;l

TCD340A

1 1 5V + 10 %

115V +10%

115V t10%

Powerconsumption

110w

40w

40w

+ 0.5 0/.

10.5%

I I

1 I

ma x.r

Incnes second Speedvariations,ma)( (Wow& Flutter) W . R. M . S . 1 5 " p e r se c 71/2" pe( sec 33/a"per sec '118"per sec

15- 7 112

71lz-33/a

0.03 7o

o.o5%

Frequencyranges + 3 dB

0.1 5%

65 dB 55 dB si de 1-2: 60 dB trackI-2: 35 dB

20- 18,000H z

Cross tack at 1000Hz. minimum.

64 dB (mono) 54 dB (stereo)

65 dB 55 dB si de 1-2: 60 dB track1-2: 35 dB

Harmonicdistortion,max. From taoe at 0 at dB recordinolevel

2o/o

3%

3%

0.15mV -20 mV

0.15mV -20 mV

47 kohm/8mV - 1V

47 kohm/8mV-1 V

470 kohm/8omV -10 V

220k ohm/4omV -5V

5 kohm/775mV 1 0 0ohm/1.5V 8 o hm/1.3V

5 kohm/775mV 100ohm/1.5V 8ohm/1.5V

1.5k ohm/775mV 1.5k ohm/775mV I oh m/2.3V

43.5 45.0 1 9 .5 1 7 .0

47.0 10.5 23.0

47.0 10.5 230 6.6

M

66 dB 60 dB

69 dB 6 0 dB

Inputs. Inputimpedance/sensitivity/maximurr voltageat 400 Hz. (Thesensitivity of the microphoneinputsadjustsitself accordingto the impedanceol the microphones). (0 dB): 800 ohm/0.2mV-20 mV Microohone ( - 25 dB ):15 kohm/3mV -300 mV (0 dB): 22 kohm/s mV-500 mV Radio ( - 25 dB ):38 kohm/l 0 mV -1 V 150 kohm/somV-5 V Linein 1 250 kohm/somV-5 V Linein 2 Outputs.Min.loadimpedance/voltage by unloadedoutput, or outputpowerperchannel. Radio Lineout Headohone

I dBf ,dBf

o.12% 0.08%

20-30,000 Hz 20-30,000H z 20-25.OOO Hz 20-25.000 Hz 20-25,000H z

1 5 " p e r se c 7112"petsec 334" persec

Signal/tapenoiseratiominimumat max.speed, withrecommended for use laoe.see instructions IEC-A-CURVE

H. I dBf

17/a

o.05% 0 . 1 0%

back

itHz

TCD320

TD 2 0 A Operatingvoltage: 60 Hz

SCALE AND WEIGHT Widthcm Heightcm Depthcm Weiqhtkq

16)

o.o

1)By nominalmainsvoltageand nominaloperatingtemperature. L__ I

:

!

? I

I

I I

LOUDSPEAKERS STUDIO MONITOR

TL 3520

FASETT

4 7 .O

59.0

28.0

/ c.6

JC .C

z4.c

34.2

26.0

22.0

Enclosed volume, litres

80

JC

6.5

Frequency range

2 5 - 2 0 .0 0 0Hz

50-20,000H z

Resonance frequency

30 Hz 6 watts

38-20,000H z 53 Hz 4 wans

6 watts

100watts

50 watts

Music power

160watts

75 watts

25 watts 40 watts

lmpedance Loudspeaker aplication Bass Mid-frequency Treble

8 ohms

8 ohms

4 ohms

12" 2"Dome 2 x 1"Dome

10" 33/a' 1" Oome

21/q"

Outer dimensions, cm Length: width: Depth:

Sensitlvlty.) Max. glne wave driving power

I

85 Hz

5"

') Necessarypowerto reacha determinedsoundlevel(96 dB), measuredat a distanceof 1 metrefromthe loudspeaker

(tj

ft &a w ,- . ' ' q-

--. t-

--

E. ..!IE**..

)BERG TR IiANDBERG

AM/FM

Slers

Rrc€iwt

Tandbergof A me r ica,lnc. Labri ol aC ourt Armonk,New York 10504 Tel .:(914)273-9150

Dietrichson/ H, Y&R Centrum/ Wezdta Printed in Sweden