Project Management David ROUMANET 22/01/2018 1
Gestion de Projets
Summary ●
Definitions
●
Opérations (phases)
●
Tools (Gantt, Pert, Mind...)
●
People and functions
●
Communications
●
Risks management
N° 2
Gestion de Projets
My first project
N° 3
Gestion de Projets
What is a project ? ●
Many tasks
●
One or more resources
●
A starting point... and a target
●
A fixed term
●
A link between all of that
N° 4
Gestion de Projets
What is a project ? ●
One task only isn't a project ! ●
●
But it could be if you can create sub-tasks
A project can't exist without a target ! ●
A project is a transformation (a change)
N° 5
Gestion de Projets
What is a project ? ●
A Task is... ●
A simple operation
●
Linked by a verb and a subject – – – –
●
Launch program xxxxx Copy text Modify document yyyyy ...
An act of change
N° 6
Gestion de Projets
What is a project ? ●
A resource is... ●
A person or a team
●
A budget or financial concept
●
A physical or logical element – – –
An equipment A software A tool, product, transport...
N° 7
Gestion de Projets
What is a project ? ●
A Target is... ●
A desire for change
●
a reliable and achievable vision – –
Notion of available time Notion of available resources
N° 8
Gestion de Projets
What is a project ? ●
A Duration is... ●
An element build with many unit of time – – –
●
Minuts (pour un plongeur) Days (pour un projet informatique) Month (pour une naissance)
A resource ! – –
It's possible to adjust time (more persons, deadline...) It's quantifiable (12d out of order = 12 M€)
N° 9
Gestion de Projets
What is a project ? Duration
Task 1 Existing
Resource A
Target
Task 2 Resource B Task 3
N° 10
Gestion de Projets
What is "My first project" ? Duration ~10 minuts
Break eggs
Cooker Eggs
Eat the pan Existing Empty plate
Stove
Target Succulent meal
Switch the induction Induction plate Cook 6 minuts
Saltz
Put Salt on Eggs
http://cuisine-facile.com/trucs_astuces/recette-comment-bien-cuire-oeufs-sur-plat.html
N° 11
Gestion de Projets
Next project…:)
N° 12
Gestion de Projets
What are operations ? ●
Determine the type of project
●
Define tasks and resources
●
Identify risks
●
Evaluate duration for each time
●
Determine order for each step
●
Knowing the status of project
●
Manage communication N° 13
Gestion de Projets
What are operations ? ●
Determination of project type: ●
●
Stable
Unstable
Resources –
internal
–
external (subcontractors)
External Synchronised Project
Critical project
Project Type –
Stable
–
Unstable (many years)
Internal
Simple Project
Driven Project
N° 14
Gestion de Projets
What are operations ? ●
●
Critical operations ●
Mandatory and unavoidable
●
High cost resources (no marge)
●
Non-Mastered (risks, aleas, weather...)
Non critical operations ● ●
No big impact on realisation (ex. personalisation) Easely replaceable or alterable (many ways to complete) N° 15
Gestion de Projets
What are operations ? ●
Criticity : ●
Criticity = Impact * Probability
IMPACT
Important
Faible
Peu probable
Probable
2
4
1
2
PROBABILITE
N° 16
Gestion de Projets
What are operations ? ●
Criticity :
Difference between Theory and reality
N° 17
Gestion de Projets
Qu'elles sont les opérations ? ●
Criticity :
Theory is when you know everything but nothing works practice is when everything works but no one knows why in our lab theory and practice are combined nothing works and no one knows why
La théorie, c'est quand on sait tout et que rien ne fonctionne. La pratique, c'est quand tout fonctionne et que personne ne sait pourquoi. Ici, la pratique et la théorie sont réunies, rien ne fonctionne et on ne sait pas pourquoi.
N° 18
Gestion de Projets
What are operations ? ●
Notion of critical path ●
Critical path is the link between unavoidable tasks – – –
It give the minimal duration for the project It shows all unavoidable tasks It permit to order all mandatory tasks
N° 19
Gestion de Projets
What are operations ? ●
Exercise : find links between tasks Space shuttle take off
Filling tanks
120 mn
Check levels
1 mn
Instructions to crew
Bunk filling (food)
Flight simulation
5 mn
Evacuation takeoff area
5 mn
Check Weather
2 mn
Computers flight programming
50 mn
Crew checkup Final countdown (europe) Doors lock
50 mn
25 mn 3 mn 2 mn
35 mn
N° 20
Gestion de Projets
What are operations ? ●
Tip 1 : start to link tasks Space shuttle take off
Fill Tank
120 mn
Check Levels
1 mn
Crew checkup
25 mn
Flight simulation
50 mn
Check Weather
2 mn
Computers flight programming
35 mn
Doors lock
2 mn
Evacuation takeoff area
5 mn
Bunk filling (food)
50 mn
Countdown
3 mn
Instructions to crew
5 mn
N° 21
Gestion de Projets
What are operations ? ●
Tip 2 : search for longest path Space shuttle take off
Fill Tank
120 mn
Crew checkup
25 mn
Check levels Flight simulation
1 mn
50 mn Décollage
Check Weather Doors lock Bunk filling (food)
2 mn
2 mn Evacuation takeoff area
Computers flight prog
35 mn
5 mn
50 mn
Countdown
Instructions to crew
3 mn
5 mn
N° 22
Gestion de Projets
What are operations ? ●
Here is our critical path ! Décollage
Space shuttle take off : 124 mn minimum
Fill Tank Crew checkup
25 mn
Flight simulation
Check Weather Doors lock Bunk filling (food)
120 mn
2 mn
2 mn Evacuation takeoff area
Check levels
1 mn
50 mn Computers flight prog
35 mn
5 mn
50 mn
Countdown
Instructions to crew
3 mn
5 mn
N° 23
Gestion de Projets
What are operations ? ●
successive, parallel and convergent tasks Décollage
Space shuttle take off : 124 mn minimum
Fill Tank Crew checkup
Check levels Flight simulation Check Weather
Computers prog
Doors lock Evacuation takeoff area
Countdown
Bunk filling (food)
N° 24
Gestion de Projets Définitions
Opérations
Outils
Applications
Projet SVN
Conclusion
What are operations ? ●
Notion de tâche successive, parallèle et convergente ●
Successive : Cannot be done before previous one
●
Parallel : Could be done while another task is done
●
Convergent : Cannot be done before all other needed previous tasks
N° 25
Gestion de Projets
What are operations ? ●
Resume ●
Inventory of tasks –
●
Scheduling of tasks – –
●
Duration, resources, ... Priorities, criticities, durations... Previous / Next
Critical path search –
Défine minimum time size (used for reverse scheduling)
N° 26
Gestion de Projets
What are operations ? ●
Resume ●
Inventory of tasks –
●
Duration, resources, ... Tasks on critical path must be securised :
Scheduling of tasks
- By –availability (équipement dedurations... secours, remplaçant…) Priorities, criticities, - By –integrity (limit stakeholders) Previous / Next - By authentication (one responsible) ●
Critical path search –
Défine minimum time size (used for reverse scheduling)
N° 27
Gestion de Projets
What are operations ? ●
Driving project ●
Cycle
●
Indicators
●
Reports
Drive
Init
Plan
Act
Close
N° 28
Gestion de Projets
What are operations ? ●
Driving project ●
Organisation (R, A, S, I [,C]) – – – – –
Responsible : Manage the project (costs, resources, ...) Accountable : take final decisions (ultime ownership) Support : gives resources mandatory for the project Informed : follow the project status (could be implied in a later phase) Consulted : must be consulted before a sensible phase or action is coming
N° 29
Gestion de Projets
What are operations ? ●
Example ●
MOE
Team 3 is waiting Team 2
MOA
R
A
Cust.
Drive
I
Init
Plan
Eq. 1 Eq. 2 Eq. 4 S
Eq. 3
Clos R.EX
N° 30
Gestion de Projets
What are operations ? ●
Project closeout checklist – – – – –
Formalize the end of the client project Validate the solution in place is operationnal Note gaps with target solution Put an end to the Projet Start the Support
N° 31
Gestion de Projets
What are operations ? ●
Project closure ●
REX : Retour d'Expérience (internal feedback) – – – – –
Allow to share strengths and weaknesses of the project Validate duration (planned / effectives) Analyze errors and aftermath (consequences) anticipate for next projects (teams, resources, etc.) ... Celebrate the end of the project!
N° 32
Gestion de Projets
How to let the Project Manager Believe that he has the right tools !
N° 33
Gestion de Projets
Tools for tasks research ●
●
●
Brain Storming : creative way to search, with strange idea inspiring great ideas. Brown Paper : Cap Gemini method that permit to show all operations on a simple "document" SWOT : method that help to decide if the company could start the project or not. N° 34
Gestion de Projets
Tools for project preparation ●
Focus sur SWOT ●
Strengths (Forces)
●
Weaknesses (Faiblesses)
●
Opportunities (Opportunités)
●
Threats (Menaces)
More used for strategic rather operational project May help on keys point of the project.
N° 35
Gestion de Projets
Tools for tasks research ●
Focus sur Brown Paper ●
All around the wall of a room
●
Post-it
●
CapGemini patent. Used before computer tools. Post-It are easy to move on the brawn paper. Post-it could have differents colours depends of categories, sites, resources, costs...
N° 36
Gestion de Projets
Tools for tasks research ●
●
●
●
Mind Mapping : A way to search and organize ideas. "Google" : Search for similar project (in the world) Knowledge Base : Search for similar project (in your organisation) Common sens : Use the Force (and your experiences) N° 37
Gestion de Projets
Tools for tasks organisation
N° 38
Gestion de Projets
Tools for tasks organisation ●
●
●
●
Mind Mapping : Create a tree with all ways to works. Méthode Einsenhower : 2 axes, where are important/urgent tasks Méthode de la Rache : french standard (widely known) (http://www.la-rache.com/) QQOQCC (WWWWHH) : Empirical method of questioning N° 39
Gestion de Projets Définitions
Opérations
Outils
Applications
Projet SVN
Conclusion
Tools for tasks organisation ●
Eisenhower urgent 1
3
7
4 6
important 2
5
N° 40
Gestion de Projets
Tools for tasks organisation ●
Accronym* ●
Rapid
●
Application
●
Conception
●
Heuristic
●
Extreme-programming
* joke N° 41
Gestion de Projets
Tools for tasks organisation ●
QQOQCC ●
Qui
●
Quoi
●
Où
●
Quand
●
Comment
●
Combien
By the way… Strategic plan Operationnal plan
► next 10 years ► next year
N° 42
Gestion de Projets
N° 43
Gestion de Projets
Tools for planning (Gantt, Pert, ...) ●
Gantt ●
Microsoft Project
●
GanttProject
●
●
http://www.ganttproject.biz/
ProjectLibre http://www.projectlibre.com/product/projectlibr e-open-source
ToDo ●
EssentialPIM
http://www.essentialpim.com
●
HiTask (*)
http://hitask.com/ N° 44
Gestion de Projets
N° 45
Gestion de Projets
Collaborative Tools ●
GoogleDocs
●
DoodleDo
●
Chamillo (IUT)
●
Trello
●
SurveyMonkey
●
SharePoint (Microsoft)
●
SubVersion, SVN, GIT
N° 46
Gestion de Projets
SubVersion
N° 47
Gestion de Projets
SubVersion
N° 48
Gestion de Projets
SubVersion
N° 49
Gestion de Projets
Dev methods : Leans and Agile ●
Kanban
●
Scrum
●
XP
Backlog
WIP
Waiting
Done
Task ID Task ID
Who
Task ID Who Task ID Who
Who
Task ID Task ID
Who
Who Task ID Who Task ID Who Task ID Task ID
Who
Who
N° 50
Gestion de Projets
Dev methods : Leans and Agile ●
Kanban
●
Scrum
●
XP
Each task is presented to The customer when it’s done
Finnished tasks are presented to The customer after a full cycle. Fast cycles are scrum (team review)
N° 51
Gestion de Projets
Dev methods : Leans and Agile ●
Kanban
●
Scrum
●
XP
Backlog
WIP
Waiting
Done Task ID
Task ID
Who Task ID
Who Task ID Who Task ID
Who
Task ID
Task ID Who Who Task ID Who
Who
Task ID Who
Task ID Who
N° 52
Gestion de Projets
Dev methods : Leans and Agile ●
In details comparaison
N° 53
