economics .fr

ff an effective ceiling price is placed on hamburgers then: a) the quantity demanded will exceed the quantity supplied. b) a black market for hamburger may ...
4MB taille 205 téléchargements 903 vues
Department of Eeonomies, Management and Humanities Czeeh Teehnical University in Prague

ECONOMICS S!-C\)Eg LECTURE No.3

DEMAND AND SUPPLY: ELASTICITIES Handout

Ooe. Ing. Helena Fialová, CSc. Ing. Jan Jandera

Prague

2000/200 ]

Lecture 3 DEMAND and SUPPLY: ELASTICITIES PRlCE ELASTICITY OF DEMAND Price elasticity of demand measures the sensitivity of consumers to changes in the price of a p.-oduct. Price elasticity of demand is the ratio of the percentage change in quantity demanded to the percentage change in price. (Fig.3.1) The price elasticity formula (coefficient Ed) percentage change in Qdat product X Ed = -------------------------------------------------

percentage change in P at product X

change in Qdat praduct X % change in Qd= ------------------------------------Oliginal Qdat product X

change in P at product X % change in P = -------------------------------------ariginal P at product X

By using percentages we can campare price elasticity at demand at ditterent praducts.

Interpretation of the formula Elastic demand:

Ed> I

Inelastic demand:

Ed

14 12

Q)

'-

10

!II ....

{?

8 6 4 2 012345678 Quantity demanded (b) Total-revenue

curve

.

Fig. 3.2 Demand CUI'ves with Different Elasticities

StraightLine Demand Curve

o ~ 4 m o ~ 3

\E D\>.1

Q) u

&

IEDFl ""

2

~ D\