Advantages and disadvantages of FRP composite ... 2.6. Applications of FRP strengthening. 36. 2.7 ... Fatigue of long span plated 2.3m beams using FRP plates.
Role of bonded fibre-reinforced composites in strengthening of structures
ix xiii 1
J J DARBY
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 2
Introduction What is ‘strengthening with bonded fibre reinforced polymer composite plates’? The market for strengthening Strengthening techniques Advantages and disadvantages of FRP composite plate bonding Client concerns when introducing new techniques Risk to clients when adopting FRP composite plate bonding Conclusions
1
8 10
Review of materials and techniques for plate bonding
11
1 2 3 4 8
L C HOLLAWAY AND M B LEEMING
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8
Introduction Structural adhesive bonding External strengthening using steel plates External strengthening using composite materials Strengthening of reinforced concrete members in shear Applications of FRP strengthening Summary and conclusions of literature review References
11 11 17 21 34 36 38 39
3
Materials
46
A R HUTCHINSON AND J QUINN
v
vi
Contents
3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9
Adhesive bonded connections Composite materials Adhesive materials Adhesion and surface preparation The bonding operation Durability and fire Painting Summary References
46 47 57 68 75 80 80 80 81
4
Structural strengthening of concrete beams using unstressed composite plates
83
L C HOLLAWAY AND G C MAYS
4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 5
Introduction Part A Laboratory tests General form and behaviour of loaded beams Geometric parameters Discussion Part B Field investigation Testing programme for 18m beam Observations Concluding remarks References
83 84 84 91 107 109 109 131 132 132
Structural strengthening of concrete beams using prestressed plates
135
H N GARDEN AND G C MAYS
5.1 5.2
135
5.6 5.7 5.8
Introduction Review of previous prestressing studies using composite plates Prestressing technique employed in the laboratory Results of laboratory tests for concrete beams strengthened with prestressed plates in the ROBUST programme Results of field investigations of concrete beams strengthened with prestressed plates in the ROBUST programme Observations Concluding remarks References
6
Environmental durability
156
5.3 5.4
5.5
A R HUTCHINSON AND L C HOLLAWAY
137 138
140
146 149 154 154
Contents
vii 156 157 158 160
6.8 6.9 6.10
Introduction Environmental and service conditions Factors affecting joint durability Environmental durability of adhesive bonded joints Procedures for assessing environmental effects on materials and on bonded joints Effect of environment on the component materials used in the ROBUST system Influence of surface treatment and effects of environment on joints and interfaces Other factors affecting service performance Summary References
Introduction PART A Time-dependent behaviour Introduction Time-dependent characteristics of concrete Time-dependent characteristics of steel Time-dependent characteristics of adhesives Time-dependent characteristics of plated beams using steel plates Time-dependent characteristics of FRP component materials and FRP composites Time-dependent characteristics of plated beams using polymer composite plates Creep tests conducted during the ROBUST project PART B Fatigue behaviour Introduction Fatigue of unplated beams Fatigue of adhesives Fatigue of FRP materials Fatigue of plated beams using steel plates Fatigue of short span plated beams using FRP plates Fatigue of long span plated 2.3 m beams using FRP plates Concluding summary References Analytical and numerical solutions to structural strengthening of beams by plate bonding P S LUKE
Introduction Classical analysis Finite element analysis Effect of adhesive material Prestressed 18.0m concrete beams Beams with unstressed plates Beams with stressed plates Concluding remarks References Bibliography
222 223 223 231 231 234 237 240 241 241
9
Design and specifications for FRP plate bonding of beams
242
M B LEEMING AND J J DARBY
9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 9.7 9.8 9.9 10
Introduction Practical design rules and guidelines Application of the technique Materials Workmanship Quality control In-service inspection and maintenance References Bibliography
242 242 257 258 260 261 266 267 268
Site construction techniques
270
A P RIMOLDI
10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 10.6 11
Introduction Steel plate bonding Adhesive bonding of carbon fibre composite plates – site requirements Economics Conclusion References
270 270
Case studies of carbon fibre bonding worldwide
288
272 286 287 287
M A SHAW AND J F DREWETT
11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4
Introduction System properties Case histories References
Not only does this give us a vector space structure on Tx but it makes ^U an isomorphism. We will make use of this isomorphism later, so it is worth summarizing ...
Passing data to Excel 2007 application . ... Simple 12-bit digitizing system . ... The simple device driver for the parallel port . .... Configuring IIS and ASP. NET .
effect of power arcs should be considered in the design of metal fittings. ..... bonded to the core, then it shall be removed and the remaining core thoroughly ...
Dimensions, interior and exterior, 14 .... The Mark IV series of the British Ford Zephyr and Zodiac models were ... Compact six-cylinder 249Scc (2 S-litre) engine arranged in 60 degrees ... Iically operated disc brakes are fitted on all wheels and a
Milestones in the life of François Malkovsky. 13. Seeking a new dance. 23. “To dance” by Malkovsky. 29. A “harmonious” dance: the logic of harmony. 31.
22 1. 223. 226. 229. Singular elements by mapping for fracture mechanics, etc. 234 ... Incompressible materials, mixed methods and other procedures of solution.
Jul 10, 2010 - The following text is a piece of my forthcoming book (updated with respect to .... violated without this arousing much discussion (§§Erreur ! Source du renvoi introuvable.,Erreur ! Source du renvoi introuvable.). We have seen that ..
Axiom Event dec : â e e' : Event, {e = e'}+{e = e'}. Definition Object := Var + Event. Values. Parameter Val : Set. Axiom Val dec : â x y : Val, {x = y}+{x = y}.
superclass is the generalized class, while the subclasses are specified classes. ..... Listed are the core metadata elements required to identify a dataset, typically for ..... Figure A.11 defines metadata about the portrayal catalogue(s) used to dis
Toggle Low. Lid must be closed and locked for this to be enabled. Speed Spin. Note: The basket must be empty for this function. 011. Toggle Mid. Lid must be ...
Simple thermostat system . ... Measuring temperature with the DS1722 digital sensor . ..... Simple remote control system using FM transmitter and receiver .
any sufficiently regular one-scale function u(x) and two-scale function v(Ëx,y), .... spectrum for an N-cantilevers array, we suggest to operate a truncation in the mode list so that to retain a simple infinity of ...... spond to the Tellegen theore
Annex J (informative) Multilingual support for free text metadata element. .... determining data fitness for use, data access, data transfer, and use of digital data); .... superclass is the generalized class, while the subclasses are specified class
The most natural configuration for an audio system in the automobile places the ... electrical environment in an automobile is one that is inherently noisy and filled .... Aux Out: Auxiliary output to provide conditioned signal for another amp. 10.
audio.mp3â]. Want to know what somebody is called? You have three main ways to do that: You can ask: â« Comment s'appelle-t-il/elle? What is his/her name?
here, generalises the Theorem of Schinzel, in what concerns the number n .... a projective space Pn and defined over some algebraically closed field K, the .... We are ready now to define the height of an algebraic number α. ...... we form the row .
approximately 3000V. ... When repackaging main control assembly in anti-static bag, observe above instructions. ...... the following notes to identify the switch(es).
Jun 8, 2013 - This book covers the fundamental theory and techniques for digital video ..... absorption function of the camera be denoted by ac(λ), then the light intensity ..... in designing the color TV system is that it must be compatible with th
General remarks and classification of fluid mechanics problems ... 2.6 Characteristic-based methods. 2.7 ... Numerical approximations and the CBS algorithm ... Steady-state field problems - heat conduction, electric and magnetic potential,. 8.
