Anglais
ICNA
2009­Correction
 


http://la.taupe.remoise.free.fr/
 
 Partie1
:


1.
By
the
time
the
police
arrived
the
man
had
calmed
down
and
was
standing
still.
 2.
Critics
say
the
General
has
shown
no
commitment
to
democracy
in
the
past.
 3.
Too
much
water
has
gone
under
the
bridge.
 4.
Two
boys
and
an
adult
died
when
gunfire
broke
out
during
a
démonstration.
 5.
He
has
changed
the
whole
system,
sacking
several
judges
who
spoke
against
him.
 6.
The
car
includes
a
self‐drive
funcion
which
allows

drivers
the
possibility
of
automated
 driving.
 7.
How
often
do
designers
come
up
with
something
that’s
easy
to
wear
?
Never
!
 8.
The
documents
reveal
the
détermination
to
cover
on
what
really
happened.
 9.
On
land,
éléphants
are
being
employed
to
clear
some
of
the
heavier
debris
from
roads.
 10.
If
targets
are
met,
this
would
be
a
record
total
for
a
charity
TV
programme.
 11.
I
have
cried
every
day
for
the
first
three
months
after
his
death.
 12.
The
overwhelming
feeling
is
that
they
want
to
leave
it
where
it
is
because
in
a
sensé
 everything
has
been
done.
 13.
Among
their
conclusions
are
that
carbon
dioxide
émissions
are
rising
more
quickly
than
they
 were
a
decade
ago.
 14.
Researchers
found
that
during
the
2005
drought,
many
parts
of
the
rainforest
greened,
 apparently
growing
faster
than
previoulsy.
 15.
Writing
in
the
journalScience,
the
researchers
say
it’s
unclear
how
the
forest
would
respond
 to
a
long
drought.
 16.
It
has
been
thought
that
stressed
trees
in
drought
conditions
would
try
to
preserve
their
 water
by
reducing
loss
of
water
through
leaves.

 17.
The
Island
site,
1000
km
north
of
Mainland
Norway,
was
chosen
as
the
location
for
the
seed
 vault.
 18.
No
deal
can
be
done
till
he
makes
his
mind
up
about
how
long
he
is
prepared
to
sustain
the
 enormous
financial
support
he
has
offered.
 19.
Detectives
have
appealed
for
any
résidents
who
lived
in
the
area
at
the
same
time
as
Peter
 Tobin
to
get
in
touch
with
them.
 20.
There
are
major
projects
trying
to
imrove
M
record,
bt
it
will
take
many
more
years
to
 reverse
décades
of
poor
health.

 


Partie
2
:
Too
much
spending
…
 It is a remarkable shopping list by any standards. And it has landed the Saudi ambassador to Britain with a possible £3m debt, and the embarrassment of having allegations about the ostentatious spending habits of the royal family laid bare [...]. Last month, he was ordered to pay more than £3m to his family's former private secretary, Walid El Hage, a Briton of Lebanese extraction and a former director of an Arab bookshop in the UK, who spent many years as confidante to the ambassador and his father. He claims he spent the money on their behalf. [...] As well as conventional, if large, bills for hotels, cars and security guards, the lists include charges for a variety of the world's most sophisticated brand-name items [...]. The PR grandee Lord Bell last night issued a statement on the ambassador's behalf. It said that El Hage had worked for the prince's father for 27 years until he suffered a stroke in 2002. "The nature of the relationship subsequently changed." Lawyers in Saudi Arabia were handling the claim, and had asked for receipts "in order to consider the expenses claimed and as appropriate to seek to reach an amicable settlement".

Source:
http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2007/nov/16/saudiarabia.uk

Partie
3
:
And
too
little
…
 Tens
of
millions
of
people
across
more
than
half
the
states
in
sub‐Saharan
Africa
need
urgent
 food
aid,
but
the
causes
are
often
complex
and
varied.
Food
crises
were
once
primarily
triggered
 by
natural
disasters
like
droughts.
But
according
to
research
by
the
UN
Food
and
Agriculture
 Organization,
man‐made
causes
are
increasingly
to
blame.
These
include
conflict
and
poor
 governance,
as
well
as
HIV/Aids.
Rural
poverty,
international
trade
barriers,
overpopulation,
 deforestation,
poor
use
of
land
and
environmental
problems
can
also
be
factors.
 Source:
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/shared/spl/hi/africa/05/crisis_map/html/1.stm 


Partie
4
:
Concern
grows
for
smallest
bear


Habitat
loss
and
commercial
hunting
have
been
blamed
for
a
decline
in
the
number
of
sun
 bears
‐
the
world's
smallest
species
of
bear.
 An
assessment
by
World
Conservation
Union
(IUCN)
has
re‐classified
the
animal
as
"vulnerable".
 Experts
estimate
that
sun
bears,
found
in
south‐east
Asia,
have
declined
by
at
least
30%
in
the
 past
30
years.
The
IUCN's
bear
expert
groups
warn
that
six
out
of
the
world's
eight
bear
species
 are
threatened
with
extinction.
 "Although
we
still
have
a
lot
to
learn
about
the
biology
and
ecology
of
this
species
(Helarctos
 malayanus),
we
are
quite
certain
it
is
in
trouble,"
said
Rob
Steinmetz,
a
member
of
the
IUCN
bear
 specialist
group.
 "We
estimate
that
sun
bears
have
declined
by
at
least
30%
over
the
past
30
years
and
continue
 to
decline
at
this
rate."
Mr
Steinmetz
said
deforestation
had
reduced
the
size
and
quality
of
the
 bears'
habitat.
"Where
habitat
is
now
protected,
commercial
poaching
remains
a
significant
 threat,"
he
added.
 "We
are
working
with
governments,
protected
area
managers,
conservation
groups
and
local
 people
to
prevent
extinctions
of
the
many
small,
isolated
sun
bear
populations."
Until
this
 latest
assessment,
the
bears
had
been
classified
as
"data
deficient"
because
not
enough
was
 known
about
the
state
of
the
species.
The
assessment
of
the
seven
terrestrial
bear
species
and
 polar
bear
(technically
classified
as
a
marine
mammal)
was
published
on
Sunday
following
a
 meeting
in
Mexico.
The
findings
will
be
used
to
update
the
bears'
entries
in
the
2007
edition
 Red
List
of
Threatened
Species,
which
is
considered
to
be
the
most
authoritative
audit
of
more
 than
41,000
species.
 Source:
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/7087345.stm

Partie
5
:



41.
Pope
Benedict
made
a
pressing
appeal
on
Saturday
for
an
end
to
the
war
in
Iraq.
 42.
To
bomb
attacks
carried
out
by
Al
Qaeda
militants
in
the
nothern
Iraqi
city
of
Mosul
on
 Friday
killed
21
people.
 43.
A
winning
bid
of
almost
40,800
dollars
bought
the
right
to
name
a
newly
discovered
race
 «
Owl
»
butterfly.
 44.
Nearly
a
third
of
Swaziland’s
children
are
considered
orphaned
and
vulnérable
as
AIDS
 takes
its
toll
on
the
country.
 45.
It’s
now
thought
that
the
mysterious
Angolan
illness
could
be
bromide
poisoning.
 46.
Indonesia’s
vast
forests
have
long
been
seen
by
governements
and
businesses
alike
as
a
 ressource
to
be
exploited
for
massive
profit.
 47.
Northerb
Ireland’s
only
salmon
farm
was
completely
wiped
out
by
a
freak
jellyfish
attack.


48.
Rock
band
Arcade
fire
recently
unveiled
the
first
vidéo
for
a
song
from
its
sophomore
album,
 «
Neon
Bible
».
 49.
He
worked
with
six
basketball
players,
who
all
ran
faster
and
made
more
shots
over
a
period
 in
which
they
slept
at
least
10
hours
a
night.
 50.
The
football
team,
Aston
Villa’s,
manger
MON
has
ruled
himself
out
of
the
running
for
the
 vacant
England
manager’s
position.
 


Partie
6
:
Iceberg
blamed
as
passengers
flee
holed
ship
 They
had
paid
more
than
£4,000
each
for
an
adventure
in
the
Antarctic
Ocean.
Last
night
the
24
 Britons
who
had
kept
their
spirits
up
by
telling
Titanic
jokes
as
they
drifted
for
hours
in
icy
 waters
must
have
felt
that
they
had
got
their
money’s
worth.
The
ship
on
which
they
were
 awoken
by
a
loud
bang
soon
after
midnight
became
the
focus
of
a
huge
rescue
operation
off
King
 George
Island
involving
the
Chilean
Navy
and
coastguards
from
Argentina,
Britain
and
America.
 With
67
fellow
passengers,
nine
“expedition
staff”
and
the
54
crew
on
board
the
stricken
MV
 Explorer,
they
had
been
hustled
into
lifeboats
at
the
crack
of
the
polar
dawn
to
float
on
a
 freezing
sea
beside
the
iceberg
that
crippled
their
vessel.
Hours
later,
the
abandoned
cruise
 liner
sank.

 Source:
http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/article2928759.ece


Partie
7
:
Extract
from
«
Thomas
Hardy
»


He
liked
to
work
in
old
clothes,
and
particularly
a
pair
of
trousers
that
went
back
to
the
turn
of
 the
century
and
which
he
mended
himself
with
string.
He
also
kept
an
ancient
shawl,
crocheted
 from
fawn
or
beige
wool,
to
put
over
his
shoulders,
and
sometimes
his
head
too,
against
the
 cold.
There
was
an
open
fire,
laid
but
not
lit
by
the
maid
because
he
liked
to
get
it
going
himself.
 No
other
heat,
since
neither
gas
nor
electricity
had
reached
Max
Gate,
and
light
was
provided
by
 oil
lamps.
No
telephone,
although
one
was
installed
downstairs
in
1920,
which
he
refused
to
 answer.
In
the
same
year
the
house
acquired
a
wireless
set,
of
which
Wessex,
his
dog,
became
so
 passionately
fond
that
Hardy
sometimes
got
up
early
and
went
down
in
his
long
night‐shirt
and
 short
dressing‐gown
to
turn
it
on
for
him.
He
slept
in
an
unheated
bedroom
and
had
his
hot
 water
brought
up
in
jugs.
His
second
wife
Florence
would
join
him
for
early
morning
tea
at
7.45,
 coming
through
the
dressing
room
between
their
rooms.
 
 Source: http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/2006/sep/30/biography.thomashardy 


Partie
8
:
Correction
 According to tradition, Mazari Sharif owes its existence to a dream. At the beginning of the 1100s, a local mulla had a dream in which Ali bin Abi Talib, the Muhammad's cousin and son-in-law and one of the four Rightly Guided Caliphs appeared to reveal that he had been secretly buried near the city of Balkh. After investigation, the Seljuk sultan Sanjar ordered a city and shrine to be built on the spot, where it stood until its destruction by Genghis Khan. The city is the capital of Balkh province, and is Afghanistan's fourth largest city. During the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, Mazari Sharif was a strategic base for the Soviet Army, as they used its airport to launch air strikes on Afghan mujahideen. In the early 1990s, after the Soviet Union withdrew from Afghanistan, control of Mazar was contested by the Tajik militias (Jamiat-e Islami of Ahmad Shah Massoud and Burhanuddin Rabbani, and the Uzbek militia Jumbesh-e Melli led by Abdul Rashid Dostum. As a garrison for the communist Afghan army, the city was under the command of Dostum, who mutinied against Najibullah's regime in 1992 and established the

autonomous administration of North Afghanistan with the aid of Massoud. […] From the early 1990s to early 1997, Mazar was an oasis of peace during the civil war, and as the rest of the country disintegrated and was slowly taken over by the Taliban, Dostum strengthened political ties with the newly independent central Asian states and Turkey, printed his own currency and established his own airline. This peace was shattered in May 1997, when he was betrayed by one of his generals, Abdul Malik Pahlawan, and he fled Mazar as the Taliban were getting ready to take the city. Between May and July 1997, the Taliban unsuccessfully attempted to take Mazar, leading to approximately 3,000 Taliban soldiers being massacred by Abdul Malik and his Shia followers.[3] In retaliation for this incident, the Taliban on August 8, 1998, reportedly returned and led a six-day killing frenzy of Hazaras and other local people. Soon after, the city was occupied and taken over by the Taliban. It was this capture of Mazar, the last major city in Afghanistan to fall to the Taliban, that prompted Pakistan's recognition of the Taliban regime. […] Following 9/11, Mazar was the first Afghan city to fall to the Northern Alliance (former militias). […] Mazari Sharif is currently in full control of the Military of Afghanistan, under the new Afghan government that is led by US backed President Hamid Karzai. There are also NATO peacekeeping forces in and around the city providing assistance to the new government. The local economy is dominated by agriculture and karakul production Karakul or QaraQul is a breed of domestic sheep which originated in Central Asia. The city is a traditional centre for Buzkashi. Buzkashi is a traditional Central Asian team sport played on horseback. The steppes' people were skilled riders who could grab a goat or calf from the ground while riding a horse at full gallop. The goal of a player is to grab the carcass of a headless goat or calf and then get it clear of the other players and pitch it across a goal line or into a target circle or vat. The modern city of Mazar-i Sharif is centered around the Shrine of Hazrat Ali. Much restored, it is one of Afghanistan’s most glorious monuments. Outside Mazar-i Sharif lies the ancient city of Balkh. 
 


Réponses

 
 1B 2C 3D 4B 5A 6B 7E 8C 9A 10B 11C 12C 13A 14C 15D 16B 17E 18C

19B 20A

21B Has landed 22D Bare 23C Claims 24B was issued, la phrase est construite à la voie passive dans le texte ICNA donc B et non A. (Pas C car “Last night”) 25E Subsequently
 26C Triggered 27B According to 28A ou E Boundaries ou lines? 29D Factors 30B Probablement “Due to grinding poverty” 31B have been blamed 32A threatened with 33C Although 34B about 35D in 36C rate 37D prevent the 38A Populations 39B will be used to 40E The most 41D 42D 43D 44A 45C 46A 47 D 48C 49B 50E 
 51C spirits 52C worth 53E coastguards 54D crack 55B crippled 56D turn 57A against 58C lit 59B so 60D would join 61D

was
having
 had
 62A
on
which 
in
which
 63C
builded
 built
 64D
larger 
largest
 65E?
“airstrikes”
et
“air
strikes”
donnent
800
000
et
1
300
000
résultats
dans
google,
est‐ce
 l’erreur
ou

fallait‐il
répondre
E?
 66C

begun began
 67A
1990 
1990s
 68A
was
took 
was
taken
 69B
it’s its
(et
non
his
comme
dans
wikipedia
et
l’autre
lien)
 70C
At
firstly
c'est
moche!


71D
a
six
days a
six‐day
 72B
taken
over
of 
taken
over
by
 73A
who 
that
(ou
which?)
 74C
who that
 75D
gouvernment government
 76B
Is is
même
si
“sources”
ne
me
plaisait
pas,
on
met
pas
une
majuscule
en
plein
milieu
 d’une
phrase
!
 77D
is
grab is
to
grab
 78A
of

headless of
a
headless
 79D?

La
virgule?
 80B
monument monuments
 
 
 
 
 By
http://la.taupe.remoise.free.fr/