AFRIAT David

BOIFFIN Juliette

DEETJEN Eric

COCHET Pauline

FARHAOUI Mehdi

JACQUIER Thibault

SCHAFF Pierre

MARQUIS Helene




Production of food, feed, fiber, by growing animals or harvesting plants




Employment: 

France: 

4.3% in 2002



3.5% in 2005

Decreasing




France: first European country for agriculture




CAP 3




"meets the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs"




Sustainable agriculture 

Natural and local resources



Reduction of waste production



Respect of living beings



Economic benefits permit



Limitation of erosion and soil degradation

4

Demand

Designing an innovative sustainable tillage tool

Creation of concepts

Final product

Combining with an EEIGM project

Project over 3 years 5

Project Group:   

4 different roles work in pairs Self Directed English (e-mail+platform)

8people, 4 pairs, 4 ENSAIA, 4 ENSGSI

Combining of knowledge and skills

6

7

Actors of the project Buying / Selling spares Buying / Selling farming materials

Decides conventions

Gives farming instructions

Debrief

Brings grants-in-aid Advising farmers Resale Bargain or lending

Flows of materials (products and raw materials) Financial flows Flows of information

8

9

Ploughing Ploughing Switch Switch the the layers layers

yes yes

Simplified Simplified farming farming

Direct Direct sowing sowing

no no

TILLAGE Break Break up up the the soil soil

• Seedbed preparation • Mechanical weed control • Stubble management

[Arvalis] Good Good increase increase observed observed since since 1990’s 1990’s (+) (+) costs costs (+) (+) time time

But But :: (-) (-) Conditioning Conditioning factors factors (-) (-) Habits Habits of of farmers farmers difficult difficult to to change change 11

Middle age

XVII-XVIII

+ Forepart

Introduction of iron and steel Handle Plowshare Frame

Ploughing depth regulation system

Nowadays

- New wear and tear parts before the plowshare

-Automation (no more handles) - Improvement - Enlargement - Diversification

XIX-XX

Stubble clearing Stubble clearer

Plough

Decompacting

Decompactor

13

Heavy harrow

Rotative harrow Seedbed preparation Vibrocultor

Roller 14

We don’t know anything about the know-how of the future enterprise There is no single tool which aggregates all the functions and work every time

17

19

23

Robust Simple

Rond- edged

Sharp

Multiple Multiple Thin

24

Little game in team to begin : place yourselves all together on a small sheet of paper every time more tiny

On little sheet of paper in order to keep them, throw out all your ideas from your mind (spontaneous and first ideas), ten minutes alone to write them.

Subject : How to turn over an object ? ( every kind of objects, every kind of techniques)

Subject : compare labour work with sex, a field with the ocean, a fisher with a farmer and to finish tillage with digging animals Example of analogy : tillage and digging animals

During the session a lot of new ideas have emerged, it is time to work on them

Discussion on every new concepts about advantages and disadvantages of it (you can choose the main important factors)

Goal:

define the duties that the new farming tool will have to do.

Steps: •Identify the exterior environment •Define functions •Characterize functions by defining criterions
For every criterion  level
For every level a flexibility from 0 to 3 Imperative way •Organize the functions in a hierarchy

Indicative way

Identify the exterior environment

35

Define functions F1

F2

36

F7

F1

F4 F5

F6

F2 F3

37

Characterize functions by defining criterions

Criterion Level

Flexibility

Good situation Criterions

passages of the Number of functions tool per tool and per Time hectare Ratio weight/width of tool Labouring dry soil Labouring wet soil Diameter of clumps Labouring a very clayey soil Labouring athe sloping Preserving faunasoil of the soil New needed skills Stage of innovation Technical perfecting Nature of energy Decreasing in the consumption Purchasing cost Using cost only for the tool Total cost Overall dimensions when it is not used Useful life Disponilbility of spare parts Compatibility of spare parts

Medium situation Level

Flexibility

≤3 ≥2 ≤45 min/ha ≤1 tonne/ m of tool water content ≤ 30% water content ≥70% 15 ans

1 1

> at less with 8 brands of producers

0

39

Organize the functions in a hierarchy F1

F2

F3

F4

F5

F6

F7

F1(1)

F1(2)

F1(2)

F5(1)

F1(1)

F7(2)

10

F7

F2

F2(1)

F2(1)

F5(2)

F2(1)

F7(1)

9

F5

F3

F3(2)

F5(2)

F3(1)

F3(1)

6

F1

F4

F5(2)

F6(1)

F7(3)

4

F3

F5

F5(2)

F7(1)

3

F2

F6

F7(2)

1

F6

F7

0

F4

9% 3%

40






Meeting Efficiency Concepts Reciprocal skills trade

End of a good collaboration

42