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6. Polymer pairs miscible at room temperature that appear to have a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) above room temperature. These polymer pairs are also listed in one of the earlier tables, usually Table 1 or 2. 7. Polymer pairs that appear to have both lower and upper critical solution temperatures. 8. Polymer pairs that cocrystallize and form mixed crystals. These blends are generally composed of polymers with similar subunits that can substitute for each other in the same unit cells; this is generally called "isomorphous replacement'*. This Table is probably incomplete even though cocrystallization is expected to be rare.
Abbreviations DSC FTIR
Differential scanning calorimetry Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy
IGC LS MW Mn Mw NMR NRET PALS SAXS SALS SANS SEM rg Tm WAXD
Inverse gas chromatography Light scattering Molecular weight (unspecified) Number-average molecular weight Weight-average molecular weight Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Nonradiative energy transfer fluorospectroscopy Positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy Small-angle X-ray scattering Small-angle light scattering Small-angle neutron scattering Scanning electron microscopy Glass transition temperature Melting temperature Wide-angle X-ray diffraction
D. TABLES TABLE 1. CHEMICALLY DISSIMILAR POLYMER PAIRS MISCIBLE IN THE AMORPHOUS STATE AT ROOM TEMPERATURE Polymer I of 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid Acrylic acid
Acrylic acid-co-ethylene Acrylic acid-c^-styrene
Acrylonitrile-ctf-butadiene
Polymer II of
Method
Comments
Refs.
Vinylpyridine
Single Tg
Acrylamide Acrylarnide-c0-W,/V-dirnethylacrylamide Caprolactam (nylon 6) /V,/V-dimethylacrylamide Ethylene glycol
NMR Fluorescence study Single 7 g ; WAXD Fluorescence study Single Tg; FTIR; NMR
Vinyl alcohol Vinyl methyl ether Af-vinyl pyrrol idone Caprolactam (nylon 6) Caprolactone Ester
FTIR; Tm-depression; NMR Single Tg NMR Single Tg Single Tg Single Tg
Ethyl methacrylate Ethyl methacrylate-co4-vinylpyridine Ethylene glycol Isobutyl methacrylate-a?4-vinylpyridine Methyl methacrylate /7-Propyl methacrylate Vinyl methyl ether Cellulose acetate-butyrate
Single Tg, IGC Single Tg; IGC
II was 2- or 4-vinylpyridine 354 (2 blend systems); formed complexes Formed complexes 1012 Formed complexes; II had 6.0-55 859 mol% acrylamide Semicrystalline 1140 Formed complexes 859 Semicrystalline when >50% II 374,712,953, 1115,1128 Semicrystafline 197,1211,1255,1256,1257 Formed 1:1 complexes 160 Formed complexes 1128 I had 19 wt.% acrylic acid 564 I had 11.4-20.8 wt.% acrylic acid 383 I had 20% acrylic acid; II was nylon 6, 471,884 nylon 11 or nylon 12 (3 miscible blend systems) I had 2.65-20 wt.% acrylic acid 72,1001 I had 20 mol% acrylic acid 1001
Single Tg Single Tg; IGC
I had 21 wt.% acrylic acid I had 20 mol% acrylic acid
Single Tg Single 7g Single Tg Some compositions appeared homogeneous Single Tg when I had 18% acrylonitrile; sorption of solvent vapors
I had 8-20 wt.% acrylic acid I had 2.65-8.84 wt.% acrylic acid I had 8-20 wt.% acrylic acid -
Chloroprene
Epichlorohydrin Nitrocellulose Vinyl acetate-covinyl chloride
384 1001 72,382,384 70 576 30,249,452,651
Two phases in electron micrograph 93,797 when I had 18% acrylonitrile may indicate a crystalline phase; two torsional transitions when I had > 28% acrylonitrile Single Tg II had 26-54 wt.% acrylonitrile 966 Transparent films when I had Immiscible when I had 18.4% 93,296,398,399 28.6-44.4% acrylonitrile acrylonitrile 452 Single loss peak when < 40% Two loss peaks when > 50% vinyl 296,452 vinyl acetate in II; clear films acetate in II 539,651 for some mixtures of commercial polymers
References page VI -461
TABLE 1. cont'd Polymer I of
Polymer II of
Method
Comments
Vinyl chloride
Single Tg; IGC
Vinyl chloride
Single Tg\ microscopy
Vinyl chloride, head-to-head Ethylene-a/f-maleic anhydride
Single Tg Single Tg\ microscopy
Acrylonitrile-co-butadiene-costyrene
Propylene-co-vinyl chloride
Single Tg
Acrylonitrile-co-methyl methacrylate
MiV-dimethylacrylamide
Single Tg; transparency
Maleic anhydride Vinyl chloride N-vinylpyrrolidone Vinyl chloride
Single Single Single Single
AIkyl methacrylate
Single Tg; transparency
rc-Butyl methacrylate rc-Butyl methacrylate-comethyl methacrylate Ethyl methacrylate Ethyl methacrylate-cfl-methyl methacrylate Ethylene, chlorinated Maleic anhydride-co-styrene
Single Tg Single Tg; transparency
Single Tg Single Tg
Methyl methacrylate
Single 7 g
Methyl methacrylate-co-2,2,6,6tetramethyl-piperidinyl methacrylate n-Propyl methacrylate Vinyl chloride
Single Tg, transparency
Single Tg Single Tg
Acetonyl methacrylate
Single Tg\ transparency
I had 17-20 wt.% AN I had 30 wt.% AN; miscible when melt blended or cast from methyl ethyl ketone; immiscible when cast from tetrahydrofuran; I had 11.9-30 wt.% AN (Ref. 1010) I had 43-61 wt.% AN
2-Bromoethyl methacrylate rt-Butyl methacrylate 2-Chloroethyl methacrylate Chloromethyl methacrylate Cyclohexyl methacrylate 2,6-Dimethyl-l,4-phenylene ether Ethyl methacrylate Methyl methacrylate Methylthiomethyl methacrylate H-Propyl methacrylate Tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate Tetrahydropyranyl-2-methyl methacrylate
Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single
I had I had I had I had 1 had I had I had I had I had I had I had I had
Acrylonitrile-ctf-biitadiene-o?methyl acrylate
Acrylonitrile-co-methyl methacrylate-co-amethylstyrene Acrylonitrile-co-a-methylstyrene
Acrylonitrile-a?-/?methylstyrene
Tg; transparency Tg\ transparency Tg; transparency Tg
Single Tg Single 7 g ; transparency
Tg; transparency J g ; transparency Tg\ transparency T g ; transparency Tg\ transparency Tg\ transparency T g ; transparency Tg\ transparency Tg\ transparency Tg\ transparency Tg, transparency Tg; transparency
Refs.
I had 29-45 wt.% acrylonitrile
9,79,85,161,196, 452,484,520,561, 614,615,632,682,755 799,860,867,885,1186 I was hydrogenated; I had 38 wt.% 1191 acrylonitrile I had 23.5-56.6 wt.% acrylonitrile 158 I was made from a copolymer of 1156 AN/MA (75/25) grafted onto BD/AN (70/30) copolymer I was Blendex 701; II had 3.2 or 3.8% 107 propylene; electron micrographs may indicate two phases I had 70 wt.% acrylonitrile (AN) 648 I had 70 wt.% AN 648 II had 2-17 wt.% AN 1091 I had 70 wt.% "AN 648 I had 8/58/34 or 32.3/8.1/59.6/ 93,1078 acrylonitrile/methyl methacrylate/ a-methylstyrene I had 30 wt.% acrylonitrile (AN); II 266,268,279 had an alkyl group of acetonyl, chloromethyl, 2-chloroethyl, 2hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxypropyl, methoxymethyl, methylthiomethyl or tetrahydrofurfuryl (8 miscible blend systems) I had 12 wt.% AN 152 I had 30 wt.% AN; II had 70 wt.% 289 methyl methacrylate I had 10-28 wt.% AN 152,277 I had 30 wt.% AN; II had 30 or 60 287 wt.% methyl methacrylate Depended on AN and Cl contents 154 Region of miscibility was sensitive 1011 to MW I had 10-37 wt.% AN; I had 30 wt.% 152,277, AN and II was atactic or isotactic 1010 (Ref. 277); I had 6.5-30 wt.% AN (Ref. 1010) I had 30 wt.% AN; II had > 76.2 wt.% 272,274 methyl methacrylate
14-61 wt.% AN 13.6 wt.% AN 18.3-46 wt.% AN 13-42 wt.% AN 80% vinylidene chloride 407,812 I was made from 2,2,4-trimethyl1,6-hexanediamine and terephthalic acid (Trigamid T); semicrystalline; II was nylon 6, nylon 6,6, nylon 6,12, nylon 6,9 or nylon 6,10 (5 miscible blend systems) I was Trogamid T; semicrystalline I was Trogamid T; II had 43.8-55.6 mol% caprolactam; semicrystalline I was Trogamid T; II had 93.5 mol% caprolactam; semicrystalline I was Trogamid T; II was made from 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol/ethylene glycol/terephthalic acid (PETG 6763) I was Trogamid T; II was made from 1,4- and 1,3-benzenedicarboxylic acids and a mixture of 1,6-hexanediamine and bis(4-aminocydohexyl)methane (Bexloy AP C-803) I was Trogamid T; semicrystalline I was made from 1,6-hexanediamine and a mixture of isophthalic and terephthalic acids (Zytel 330); semicrystalline; II was nylon 6, nylon 6,6, nylon 6,9 or nylon 4,6 (4 miscible blend systems) I was Zytel 330; II was Bexloy AP C-803 I was poly[2,2'-bis(trifluoromethyl)-4,4'biphenylene dicarboxamide]; II was nylon 6, nylon 4,6, nylon 6,6, nylon
211,212, 595
596 213,214 213,214 596
212
596 212,213
212 1013
TABLEI. cont'd Polymer I of
Arylate
Polymer II of
Method
Aramide
Single Tg
Aramide-S
Single Tg
Aramide-M
Single T g
Aramide Aramide-S Aramide-M
Single Tg Single Tg Single Tg
Aramide Aramide-S Aramide
Single Tg Single Tg Single Tg
Aramide Carbonate of bisphenol-A
Single Tg Single Tg
Copolyester
Single Tg
Copolyester
Single Tg
Ethyiene terephthalate
Single Tg
Hydroxyether of bisphenol-A (Phenoxy) Butylene sebacate
Single Tg Single Tg
Hexamethylene sebacate Etherimide
Single Tg Single T g
Etherimide
Single T%
Aryl sulfone Y-Benzyl glutamate
Imide y-Butyl glutamate
Bis(methyoxyethoxyethoxy) phosphazene
Acrylic acid-c^-methyl methacrylate
Arylate of tetramethylbisphenol-A Aryl ether ketone
Methacrylic acid-co-methyl methacrylate Styrene-co-styrene-4-carboxylic acid
Comments
Refs.
6,9, nylon 6,10 or nylon 11 (6 blend systems) I was made from bisphenol-A and a 188 mixture of terephthalic acid/isophthalic acid/5-terf-butyl-isophthalic acid = 44/ 44/12 (Polyarylate C); II was Trogamid T I was Polyarylate C; II was made from 189 5-terf-butylisophthalic acid/isophthalic acid 90/10 and 1,12-diaminododecane (Aramide-S) I was made from bisphenol-A and a 189 mixture of terephthalic acid/isophthalic acid/5-terf-butyl-isophthalic acid = 42.5/ 42.5/15 (Polyarylate D); II was made from adipic acid and ra-xylene-diamine/ hexamethylene diamine 80/20 (Aramide-M) I was Polyarylate D; II was Trogamid T 189 I was Polyarylate D; II was Aramide-S 189 I was made from bisphenol-A and a 189 mixture of terephthalic acid/isophthalic acid/5-terf-butyl-isophthalic acid = 37.5/ 37.5/25 (Poiyarylate E); II was Aramide-M I was Polyarylate E; II was Trogamid T 189 I was Polyarylate E; II was Aramide-S 189 I was made from bisphenol-A and a 189 mixture of terephthalic acid/5-terf-butylisophthalic acid 50/50 (Polyarylate F); II was Trogamid T I was Polyarylate F; II was Aramide-S 189 I was made from bisphenol-A and a 687 mixture of terephthalic acid/isophthalic acid 50/50 (Ardel DlOO); miscibility arised from transesterification I was Ardel D-100; II was made 687 from cyclohexane dimethanol and terephthalic acid/isophthalic acid (80-87% tere) (Kodar A-150) and another copolymer with tere/iso ratio of 70/30 I was Ardel D-100; II was made from 291,687 cyclohexane dimethanol, ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid (molar ratio 1:2:3, PETG-6763) I was Ardel D-100; miscibility arised 687 from transesterification I was Ardel D-100; miscibility arised 687 from transesterification Semicrystalline 907
Single T% Dynamic mechanical methods; DSC Single Tg; transparency
Semicrystalline I was made from 4,4'difluoro-benzophenone and hydroquinone; II was Ul tern 1000 I was made from p-phenoxybenzoyl chloride; II was Ultem 1000 I was Radel A; II was XU-218 Miscible as random coils but not as a-helics II had 10, 20 or 30 mol% acrylic acid
906 334
1087
Single 7 g ; transparency
II had 20 mol% methacrylic acid
1087
Single 7 g ; transparency
II had 75 mol% styrene
1087
334 375 813
References page VI-461
TABLE 1. cont'cl Polymer I of
Bis(methoxyethoxyethoxyethoxy)phosphazene 3-Bromo-2,6-dimethyl1,4-phenylene ether 3-Bromo-2,6-dimethyl1,4-phenylene oxide-co2,6-dimethy 1-1,4-phenylene ether
Polymer II of
p-Bromostyrene
Single T g ; microscopy
-
402
p-Bromostyrene-co-styrene p-Bromostyrene
Single T g ; microscopy Single T g ; microscopy
II had < 85 mol% styrene I had
