A WEEKLY JOURNAL OF PRACTICAL INFOR�iATION, ART, SCIENCE, MECHANICS, CHEMISTRY, AND MANUFACTURES. [NEW SERIES.)

Vol. XXXVI.--No.

13'J

NEW YORK, MARCH

[$3.20 [POSTAGE PREPAID.j

31, 1877.

per Annum.

THE TELEPHONE. 1 nets, and the substitution of the permanent magnet, the elec- 1 to or from plate, A. F is a bar of soft iron or magnet; G is a coil We have already laid before our readers accounts of the tric wave used in transmitting the sounds being generated of insulated copper wire around the extremity, H, of said bar, wonderful performances of Professor Bell's telephone, an by the voice itself. The construetion of the instrument and I is an adjusting screw by whieh the end, H, may be instrument remarkable not merely for its phenomenal capa- will be readily understood from the detailed drawings, Figs. placed as desIred in relation to plate, A. Several of these instru m e n t s a l' e bilities but also beplaced at different cause of its having stations upon a line been brought to its as represented in present stage of deFig 3 velopment within When sounds are the period which made at the mouthhas elapsed since pieee of the instruJune last. During ment, the plate, A, that month, Profesis set in motion besor Bell exhibited fore the poles of F, the apparatus at the which may be a perCentennial, workmanent compound ing it over short dis magnet and artances only, and ranged as shown in causing it to transFig. 2. A current mit sound, which of electricity is thus reached the opposite created in the coils, terminus very much G, surroundmg the diminished in inpoles, and the duratensity. Without tion of the eurrent undertaking to folof electricity coinlow the inventor cides with the duthrough his various ration of the motion improvement s , i t of the plate as it will suffice here to vibrates. When the state that the telehuman voice causes phone has recently the diaphragm to vicarried the human brate, electrical unvoice over a distance dulations are inof 143 miles (from duced, in the coils Boston to North around the magnets, Conway, N. H.), so precisely similar to that ordinary conthe undulations of versational tones utthe air producE;d by tered at one end the voice. The coils were distinctly audare connected with ible at the other. the line wire, and Further even than the undulations inthis, the inventor duced in them travel and his assistant through that wire; have talked through and passing through a wire arranged to the coils of another give an artificial re· instrument of simisistance equal to f I a l' construction, 40,000 ohms, which _I they are again reis more resistance solved into air unthan the entire dulations by the dilength of the Ataphragm, A, of the lantic cable would second instrument. offer. There are, So perfectly is this however, other obstacles than the reresolution effe cted sistance, whic h that even a whisper is audible over long checks the transmisdistances, and soft sion of the voice tones are even more over such immense distinct than loud distances. These ones. the inventor is now It will be evident endeavoring to over­ that it is possible to come; and at the send by the tele­ first fitvorable op­ phone multiple tele­ portunity, a practi­ graphic messages or cal test of the pow­ multiple verbal com­ ers of the instru­ munications simul­ ment over one of taneously. In Fig. the transatlantic ca­ 3, we have reprebles will be at­ sented a number tempted. PROFESSOR .A. GRAHAM BELL'S TELEPHONE.-Fig. 1. of telephones conIn the telephone n ec te d together, which we illustrat­ 2 and 4. A, Fig 2, is a plate of iron or steel which is each one, for instance, at a different station, the sta­ ed recently lUfastened to the sounding box, D, Fig. 4 (see page 200). tions being several hundred miles, perhaps, apart. To send the SCIENTIFIC E is the speaking tube by which sounds are conveyed multiple telegraphic messages, let it be supposed that a cer­ AMERICAN Sup­ certain musical PLEMENT, a bat­ sound is uttered tery current was before the tele­ d i r e c t l y em­ phone No. 1 : ployed. The then telephones most important Nos. 2, 3, etc. , i m p r a v ement will all repeat yet made in the that sound. Now apparatus is the let two musical entire abolition [Oontinued on of the battery page 200.] and electro-mag·

I

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[NEW SERIES.]

TMrty-second Year.

NEW YORK, SATURDAY, MARCH 31, 1877.' Contents.

(Illustrated articles are marked with an asterisk.) Ammonia from gas liquor.... . ... 199 Mushrooms'..... . ............... 194 Answers to correspondents...... 203 National trial and its results, our 192 u Art intelligence................... 198 ... �ft�0��0���6f �.���.�I���: . � j}:��:��t!tri:����!;}Ji� (iil)::::: � Oidium, antidote for....... ....... 201 Business and personal � Paint, cement (5).. . .. . .. .... . .. ... 203 Patent decisions, recent. ... ...... 201 an g:n�i� ��:v�(l\) ��.���::::::: � Patents, American and foreign.. 202 Cement for vulcanite (15). ........ 203 Patents, oIDcial list of....... .. ... 204 Cement, waterproof....... ...... 199 Patent.s,- the Commissioner of.... 193 Chilblains, cure for............... 203 Peas, poisonous .... ........ .. 193 Chloroxynaphthalic acid (27).... 203 Perpetual motion, an editor's.... 193 Correspondence. Washington. ... 196 Photographs in the eye ........... 193 and poisonolls plants. .. ... .. 200 £�1��?:. �':..�l���'Jd�::: : : : : : : : : � Pigs Planing mill machinery ... ... 200 Dairy interests, our.... . ..... . .... 199 Practical mechanism-No. 23*... 195 Preaching, the science of........ 1 97 i c B����e�UJ¥ �\\)�:.����:::::::: Ws Electrical balance an... ... ....... 196 ru�p, :h�X��I�:� �����::d*::: WJ Refflgerator, to make a (14)...... 203 o i Rice culture in China 194 I::;�; ;;�:cl:���sh����)::�:::: � Fireworks", poisonous............. 197 Roses, grafting................ . .. 194 n ( .. Force, atmospheric (2) ...... ..... 203 Fruit trees, wash for...... . . . . .... 200 ii�����: r���� l�.. ���::::: :::: � Glass tubes, cutting (3). ........... 200 Rubber, white (27)................ 203 Heat from 5 . N ew Y ork CIty claimed was, as stated by the patentee, fnll, clear, and exact, and tile claim by means in the possession of every one at all times. 3. The second edition of an exceIlent standard work . It takes account of covered the specification-the one corresponded with the other. The There should not be several kinds of this ink in market, one all the recent advances in the science, embodies 8 large number of the chauge made in the old specification by eliminating the necessity of using tables which euter into the daily practice of mechanical engineers, and, in the fat liquor in a heated condition, and making in tile new specification of which is developed by light, another by heat, a third brief, is a haudbook, a thorough knowledge of the contents of which its use in that condition a mere matter of convenience, and the insertion by common salt solution, etc. , so that, on receiving a blank would be invaluable to any one in a mechanical profession . W e can com- of an Independent claim for the use of fat liquor in the treatment of leather generally, operated to enlarge the character and scope of the invention. card, the receiver would be at a loss to know how to de­ mend It to the many correspondents who frequently ask us what books The evident object of the patentee iu seeking a reissue was not to correct young engineers should study. any defects In specification or claim, but to clIange both, and thus obtain, velop it. This writer then goes on to recommend the use c� � n : difl'erent invention. This result tile law, as we have of a solution of nitrate or chloride of cobalt, mixed with a CELESTIAL DYNAMICS. By James W. Hanna. Price 30 cts. ��e�, o�f� t �� . The decision of the Commissioner in granting the reissue is, it is true, little sugar or gum to make it flow easily from the pen. Such The author, who says he knew nothing about astronomy a year ago, now so far conclusive as to preclude In the present suit for infringement auy undertakes to upset the science by afllrming the non-revolution of planets inquiry into its correctuess outside of the patents themselves. His action writing is made visible by moderate heat, even a burning about the sun . in auy case, within the limite of his authority, is not open to collateral immatch being sufficient. Dr. Bottger, in a note to this article, FIRE S IN THE A'l �RS . B Y Eyre M ' Shaw, R . E . , Ch'Ief 0f peachment. But that autilority being limited to a reissue for the same invention as that embraced in the OrIginal patent, a reis.ue for anything . . recommends the use of ferrocyauide of potassium, or yellow the London FIfe Brigade. Pnce 50 cents. New York more is necessarily inoperative and void. To determine the identity of the invention the two patents may be compared. Thus compared tile reissue city : E. & F. N. Spon ' 446 Broome street. prussiate of potash, which is readily developed by the sul­ here appears on its face to be for a difl'erent invention, and th e Commis. phates of copper and iron (blue or green vitriol), the former A ve� sensible tre�tise ou au important subject, by a writer of great . sioner, tilerefore, excee�ed his autilority in issuing it. (Seymour VS. Oshorne, 11 Wall' 544 j WICks V8. Steve�t 2 Wood's C. C. Reports, 312.) knoWledge and experIence . J yielding brown, the latter blue, letters. In the case or Klem VS. Russell (19 w all. , 463), t h e question w a s n o t be. . . O n page 359, volume XXVI., we deSCrIbed and IIlustrated Mr. C. Balliarge , s fore the court whether tile reissued patent was invalid because not for the Dr. Bottger is an exceedingly ingE;nious chemist, and moot new system of mensuration . We are in receipt of a " Key to Baillarge's same invention. The point was not made in that case in the court below of his suggestions are very practical, but we beg to differ Stereometrical 'l'ableau , " relating to the same subject. Published by C ' aud for that reasonl it 'Yas s.tated, the p,?int could not be made here. It was t o b e presumea, saId tillS court, until the contrar¥ was made to appear, Darveau, 82 Mountain Hill, Quebec, Canada . with him this time. Very few persons, except chemists, JIlay that the Commissioner did his duty correctly in granting the reissue. What . . . .. Cleamng . the title of a handy little and Scouring " IS book of . re mpes for was subse q uently said of the character of the first claim so far as it con­ be supposed to have solutions of either blue or green vitriol laundresses and othcrs. Published by E . & F. N. Spon, 446 Broome.street , flicte with the constl'llction here given does not meet our approval after the always at hand ; and even a chemist, unless notified to this New York city . Price 20 cents . extended consideration the subject has siuce reccived. But assuming that the reissue is not void for the reasons stated, the effect beforehand, would not think to try the effect of these patent is still invalid for want of novelty in the alleged invention. The use of fat liquor in the treatment of bark-tanned skIllS was general with solutions until he had tried several other reageuts. This DECISIOliS OF THE COURTS. . manufacturers for many years previous to the alleged inventIOn. Testi­ could be remedied by writing 011 the back of the card with Supreme Court of the United States. mony to this efl'ect is given by numerous witues.es. It would subserve no useful purpose to state this testimony. It is set forth with ample fullness LEATHER PATl�lN�1.-NATHAN C. RUSSELL, APPELLANT, VB . SAM.UEL common black ink an ambiguous or nonsensical sentence in the opinion of the circuit court. It is sufficient for us to say that it is DODGE, SR . , AND SAMUEL DODGE, JR . containing the name of the developer to be employed. For [Appeal from the Circuit Court of the !Jnited States for the Northern entirely satisfactory to our minds. The decree is affirmed. District of New York.-Decided October Term, 1876 .] chemists, a convenient ink would be a solution of some lead Where a useful result is produced in any art, manufacture. or composi­ salt, which is developed by sulphuretted hydrogen. United States Circuit Court-District of' Connectleut. tion of mstter, by the use of certain means for which the inventor or dis­ For ordinary use the most convenient ink is an iron salt ; coverer obtains a pateut, the means described must be the essential and BOLT PATENT .-WILLIAM J. CLARK V8. H E KENNEDY MAN UFACTURING absolutely necessary means, and not mere adjuncte, which may be used or COMPANY AND EDWIN HILLS. the common tincture of iron of the drug store will answer, abandoned at pleasure. Where a reissued patent is granted upon a surrender of the original, for LIn Eqwity.-Bejore SHIPMAN, J.-Decidea Janual'f/ l, 1877.] if diluted. This writing is scarcely perceptible when dry, . . . its alleged defective or insufficieut specification, such specification cannot . . The mventlOn . des�r lb ed m the o!igIua� patent to. Wm. J. Clark, Febrnbut comes out a beautiful black on pouring over it some ordi­ be substautially changed iu the reissued patent, either by the addition of new matter or the omIssion of important particulars, so as to enlarge the ary 2 , 1864, conSIsts III the manner m WhICh �e applIed lateral c�mpresslOn nary green or black tea: The tannin in the tea unites with scope of the invention as originally claimed. A defective specification can to . the mauufact!,re of an RI!gular neck, and m t�e manner m whlch.he per­ or mltted the shapmg mecham sm to become anvil ends, upon WhICh tile the iron to form a black ink precisely like that used for ordi­ be rendered more definite aud certain so as to embrace the claim imade the claim can be so modified as to correspond with the specificat on ; bJlt, header .could op�rate to form a he8;d upon the �JOlt. He dId uot dlscov�r that swagIng round Iron would form an an!(!'lar nary correspondence. except under s�ecial circumstances, this Is the extent to WhICh the operaneck, and that upsettmg w,?ul!i form a head, and tb at both operatIOns of the origmal patent can be changed by tbe reissue. Another ink, less convenient for the writer, but more con­ tion Where the pateut was for a process of treatiug bark-tanne d lamb or sheep woul9- form a bolt ; bu� he dId ,!'vent what was before unknown-the me­ hamcal . means by 'Yhl Ch swagmg wou)d form an.angu�ar neck f,:om round venient for the receiver, is to write on the card with thin skin b¥ means of a compound, in which heated fat liquor was an e ssential- �Iron, wh�ch ,?,echamsm could De used m COlllectIOn WIth upsettI!,g. ingredIent, and a chane:e was made in the original specification by elimi starch paste. When perfectly dry, the card is flowed with a nating the necessity ofusing the fat liquor in a heated condition . and mak- . The t1!mg mven.ted and p'atented was not any mode of . swagmg com­ ing ·in the new specification Its use in tilat condition a mere matter of con- bm � d wI �h upsettmg; but It was �he employmeut . of speCIfied means, or solution of iodine in very strong alcohol. This imparts a venience, and by inserting an independent claim for the use of fat liquor thmr eqmvalen ts, for the acc?,!,plIshm.ent of a deSIred end. . . canuot, by obtammg a reI�sue for a process, enlarge hIS rIght reddish color to the card, but .does not develop the writing, in the treatment of leather generally the character and scope of the inven- toAa patentee monopoly beyond the actnal mve!"tIOn. tion as originally claimed were held' to b e so enlarged as to constit ute a The claIms �or t1!e proces.s of formmg the angular neck and prot�berant owing to the absence of water. The receiver has only to dip different invention. f to action of tile Commissioner of Patents in granting a reissue within head,. as conta:ned ! n the rel ss!,e, c,?nstrued . be to .the use substantially o the card in water, when the writing will appear in blue theThe . limits of his authority is not open to collateral impeachment b ut his the dIes deSCrIbed III !he speCIfication, �r thmr eqUIvalents. G square the constructed and dIes Wlt� porti round T ns covers patent e � ' characters. We offer this as a suggestion to manufacturers authority being limited to a reissue for the same invention, the two pat of SImUar area , 'Yhereqy t1!e lateral swagmg IS. �fl'ected before the 1!eader ents may be compared to determine the ideutity of the invention. If the . of magic inks. Of course, the operation of flowing with reissued patent, when thus compared, appears on its face to be for a difl'er- op projects out­

IMPROVED CARPET SWEEPER.

be adjnsted to correspond in length with the len
VANDERBURGH,

WELLS

York, Pa.

& CO. , lYrA-

CH[NIS'l'S' Pattern and Brand I.etters, etc Complete Newspaper Outfits, Engravers' Bo)(wood, etc. 18 Dutch Street, COl'. Fulton, New York. 1 & ;{,J'd���'furlIg�lN�''arcg:w�ilha�, �:s�:

ADlE

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N. Y. STENCIL WORKS, 81 N assau St"

N. y,

THE '· BO S S " BUSIN ESS

Ne1/) Haven Journal.­

N . W.Allo� M]jj��s��_Ji>��tEg1t�m� ��fr���� �l)�ir�':i!rn!>s�f�el�:!����li���e=::f. pa.ssed. Prices the lowest. Terms the best.

da y at home. Agents wanted. Outfl and $ 12 aterms free. 'l'RUE & CO., Augusta, Maine.

Lathes, Pl aners, Shapers, Drills, (' ear &; Bo l t C u tters, &c.E.GOULD, Newark,N.J. .r::::::1 � "'II::""I!! PHOTOGRAPHIC AP P A­

.:::p ..a::...I � n,A'I' U S �s :Wi���jrig;���U�l}�) ' No toy i takes pictures �����

B . MORGAN, 428 Monmouth St., Jersey City, N. J. year to Agents. Ou'fit and a $25 Shot Gun fra . ]'01' terms ad­

S 2500adress,

$ 55

J. n�orth &: Co . , St.Louis, Mo.

to Agents. $10 $'7'1I aP. week O. VICKERY, Augusta. Maine.

0 r,.
1 D!' '. , Sav, money.! Do 'TrJJ ��/:'I1>'''i :mR �-!!. ��'�� � �lllore advertlslDg

(ir' First Pl'nniU'/n an,rae( (!f A II at Centenrp:al, Hand andSelj�lnking.

£!

3

p

Press for cards, labels, euvelopes, etc. Large sizes for large work. Anybody can work them, have �ood pastime for spare hours, and can make Iftoney by taking in small jobs. make money D) A' "1'U' �I have much fun and t S��� a flJ .If �I S��l� ��� �l!;: s irNfr��:t�Sl����:

M A C H AND I N IMPROVED I S T S' ATrERNS. TOO LS.

A. S. CA M E RO N ' S REDUCED PRICE

Is th e Standard of Excellence at home and abroad.

NE\V P Send for new iilustrated catalogue.

Lathes, Planer s . Dril l 8 , &0.

Number.

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arc the largest in the United States. They make Burr Millstones, Portable Mills, Smut Machines, Packers, ).fill

� E " . - P R OV E -"" N 'I' . ,.. H. .. C ALMERS SP:R NCE 90 ., N:_Y_.�, 1202 N . 2d St St. LOUIS, Mo.

A IR. S P A •.

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The most durable and effective non-conductors in use-proved superior to all others in U. S. Government tests-a perfect insulator for hair felts, rendering them mdestructible. ), i ll i n g F e t (in rolls 6 to 4� inches wide) , sl A s be t o s C elll e n t · F el t i ng (in,barrels). A s A sb e s l o s l , i n ed Hair .,. " I t . We guarantee these improved NON-COND UCTING COVERINGS for Hot-Air and Steam Pipes, Locomotive and other B oilers, etc" to be the beEt and cheapest in usc.

b"

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S5YJ�E SP&i���\ i��tlli�i��

JOSEPH C TODD, ENGINEER

STYLES

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.t . C. TOD D , S t . , ew York, o r Paterso n ,

AND

Machinas

Circular.

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Weissport, PA.

T E-I E

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108 Liberty St.

Send Cor Circular.

B A I. A N C E D FOh

N. J.

V A LV E .

C / � C l/ L. A R �

TheJ.C.HOADLEY C O . LAW R E N C E , M A S S, .. STAT E W H E R E Y O U S AW TH I S .

PATENT VALUABLE

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Shaping Machines

AND

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Have novel device for ehan�ng length of stroke while in motIon, also, automatic down feed, and quick return. Four sizes. Patented 1868, 1871, 187+

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S HING-LES, HEADING and Sr:PA YES ; also GUAGE L A'rUES for 'l'URNING HANDLES. Sole makers of Law's Pat. Shingle and H�adirw Sawing Ma­ chine. Address TRlDVOR & C O . , Lockport, N. Y.

Send for

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OF

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m aln n g

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N. B . -'l'he suit against Imhaeuser &: Co., of New York, d C n ' P e e ! n r & r ing, contrary to the order of the Court. Persons using clocks infringing on my patent, will b e dealt with accordinv to law.

The H 'O A D: L E V' P O RTA B L E S T E A M E N G I N E .. WITH AUTOMATI CAL CUT - OFF R E G 1.1 LAHli' '

Great reduction in prices. Send for catalogue. The U Knowles " has always been the best steam pump made.

M A CHINERY

�:� t��� ��t!���

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wish to place a consignment of their 'l�annate of Soda BOlLEN SCAI,E PREVEN'1'!VE in all i mportant towns in the United States, t.o be sold on eommission. Applica­ tions solicited. Send for book on Boiler IncrUstation.

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trolling the motion of a watchman or patrolman at the different stations of his beat. Send for circular .

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The fact that this shafting has 75 per cent. greater strength, a finer fInish , and is truer to gauge, than any other in use, renders it undoubtedly th e most economical V\'� e are also the sale manufacturers of the C�jL li;}ntArl'ED COJ...J... INS'PAT. and furnish Pulleys, Hangers, on ost approved i t 'rry :-;treet, 2d and 3rd Avenues, Pittsburgh, Pa. 190 S. Canal Street, Chica.go, 111., and Milwaukie, Wis. IJ:1r' Stocks of this shafting in store and for sale by FULLlr �� ��:�:

With Scroll and Circular Saw Attachl O t ' e a r Neatest designs, superior finish. L o 'w ' '' rice '''' _ Our n e w Catalogue describes these and every tool necessary for the Amateur or Artisan. Send for it . W M . L. CHASE & C O ., 95 & 9 7 Libertv St . New York.

" SPECIAL " Steam Pump

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Samples worth $5 Der d a y a t h o m e . free. STINSON & Co., Portland, Me.

PATENT

to Mfrs, KELSEY & (JO. Meriden, COlln

N E 'Y H A V E N

pricea

E A G L E F O O T L A T H ES,

WN

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$2 0

to

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A FIBRO U S

This article i s now well known in .a11 parts of the country as th e only reliable standard, low-priced Ro ofing, It is fu i s h e d in ro ll ready for nailing to the roof, weighs only about fiO o un ds to 100 square feet, and when finished with th e F i re - P r o n C A sb est o s Coating, presents a handsome white or light-gray surface. It. is adapted for s te ep aud fiat Roofs in all climates, costs only about half a s much a s 'l'in, and can b e 'readily applied by any one. �Do not be deceived by worthless materials which are represented by nnscrupnlous parties as enuine ASBEST OS ROO FIN G . 7'HER E 18 NO O THER RELIA B L E P O R TA BL E J( {J OF'INU IN THE J}fA II­ KET. The cheap, tarred felts, petroleum oil paims, etc., which are sold as Roofings under various names, and warranted by irre 'ponsible venders to be lIlore durable than the standard articles, are a source of constant annoyance and expense, while a reliable HOe)fing from reputable manufactnrers can be purchased at about the same price asked for these worthless articles.

(s=::::;:::::='::=?'H� Best Tempered Cast Steel. Fisher

IS

A SB E ST O S R O OFIN G.

Messrs. C. A D O I,PHE I, OW & C O . , 42 Cedar Street, M essr •• ill U NOZ & Et-ll'RIEJ, .I.,A, 52 Pine Street, New York, are Mr. Guardiola's Agents, and they will give prompt attention to all orders for any of th e bo e machine s . Retail Price,

E M E R Y w H E E LS A N D C R I N D E R S. GEO. PLACE, 121 ChamberS St., New York Agent.

BOlT c�p�nORKS, HOWZ;�u��� [UTT[R" [ .1

Adver

as li'riday morn:ing to appear in next issue.

,VARRAN TED.

1 8 7 7.

se n d fo r S a m p l e s T H E T A N I TE 0 0 . , I P ri c e- L i st of STRO U D S B URG, FA.

tisements must be received at publication office as early

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[MARCH 3 1 ,

Wood k Light Machine Co.

A S B E ST O S S T E A M P A C K I N C . b r n

Mad e from pnre long-fibre ASBESTOS. S elf-Ln ric ating ; Indestrnctible. Will save ten times its cost in th e one item of epacki g, besides requiring less oil than any other packing in n se . L oo se, J)'lat, and Round, all size s . A SBESTOS F I R E- P R.OO F P ..\ I N'I', for wood·work. A S R E S 'I'O S C E llI E NT, for R repairing aCid and gas retorts, leaky roofs, etc. A !il R E S'I' O S ROARDS, PAP E ill , TH E AD , C L O '.I' H , S H E A 'I'H I N G , a n d L I I G F E L 'I'S , etc. Ali these materials ar prepared re(ld,!! for use , i f! neat and compact form, are suitable for all climates, and can be e".,ily applied by an,!! on.. Li r l inducement,. to General M,rchants, Dealers, and Large COf!sumers. � O nr goods are in use by the following, among thousands of other well known parties T. Kings ford. & Son, Oswego Starch Factory, Oswego ; N Y ; E R emi ngton & Sons, Ilion, N. Y. ; D e n is on Paper Mfg Co . . Mechanic Falls, Me . ; Amoskeag M'f'g Co .. �l anchester, N. H. ; Old Colony Iron C o . , T aun to n. Mas s . ; A . & W, Sprague & Co" Providence, R. L ; Cheney Bros , Silk Mfrs . , So, Manchester, C on n , ; Garner & Co . Print Mfrs. , Haverstraw N. Y. ; Passaic Rolling Mill Co. , Paterson, N . •1 . ; M iller. Thomas & C o . , Bnilding M aterials, Akron, 0 . ; Anltman & 'raylor Mfg. C o . , M an s el , 0 . ; C omstock, C a tle & Co" Qnincy, Ill. ; East Pennsylvania Iron Co" Lyons, Pa. ; Kmney, Haley & C o . , Yarmonth. N, S ; C. B. Rec o Iron Mfr., MOllCtOIl, N . B. ; N. Y. Herald, Harper Bros., P. L ori lard & ons . , A. T, tew rt & C o . , New York city.

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SEND

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SAMPLES,

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ILLUSTRATED

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PAMPHLETS,

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PRICE-LISTS,

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H . W. J O H N S M A N U F A CT U R I N C CO., 8 7 Maiden Lane , New York.

Also for sale by DO W I E , TRAI N E R &; C O . , R o st o n ; S , 'V. H E MPSTED &; CO., C o l n lll b us, 0 . ; T . S . &; A • .T . K IRK WOOD, C hi go ; M . M . R U C K &; CO • . S t . L O ll i s ; H. D . C L E M A &; R R O . , N e w O rl e a n s ; 'I'HOMPSON &; UP S O N , San F r a n c l .. c o . � G A UTION.- The public are cautioned against purchasing o r using any mat81ials for the above or similar purp08eS purporting to contain A SBESTo.S unless they bear our name and dates of patents. When writing, pleas. staw you 8aw this aavertisement in the SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN.

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© 1877 SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN, INC.

Worcester, M a ss. Manufacturers of all kin of

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ron Worki ng M achinery EY'-'C:h�f+;" Pulleys, &c. C OMMON SENSE C HAIRS AND ROCK-

ERS.

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Solid comfort all around the house. Send stamp for lIlustrated Price I.ist to �'. A. SINCLAIR, Mott ille , N. Y. For sale by the Traae.

Vertical

Engines, off and on Wheels.

wf:���:: ;'Jc:�7ili�s, �hWfe7.,J''iIo''iiz��i i�;{::B. °8� Hoise Power Climax, on wheel s , $925. Builders of StaesF:�ii �;g ��tgffseEl�i�:�: gg�IT� 8 � �t���l���: !t n Ii���\�� � :lain Finished Engines, Boilers, Clipper

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c Successors to Utica Steam Engine Co., formerly W oo Established 1857. We have the largest l ne Engine Patterns ite States. \loo d , responsible ent8 wa.nted.

& Mann.

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HE " Scientific American" is printed with CHAS. T enth and Lom­ ts., Philadelphia, and 59 Gold St., New York.

T ENEU JOHNSON & CO. 's INK. bard

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