A WEEKLY JOURNAL OF PRACTICAL INFORMATION, ART, SCIENCE, MECHANICS, CHEMISTRY, AND MANUFACTURES. Vol. XXXVII.-No. .

[NEW SERlES.]

THE NEW BELL

14.-]. ..

_

NEW YORK, OCTOBER 6, 1877.

BELL'S

APPLICATIONS

OF

NEW

PROFESSOR

TELEPONE.

BELL'S

NEW

© 1877 SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN, INC

l)er AJllllllll.

coil, B, is a soft iron disk, E. Finally the whole is inclosed in a wooden cas­ ing having an aperture in front of the disk, and which, be3ides serving to protect the magnet, etc., acts some­ what as a resonator. The principle of the apparatus we have alrcady explained in some detail, but it may be summarized here as fol­ lows: The influence of the magnet in­ duces all around it a magnetic field, and the iron diaphragm, E, is attracted to­ wards the pole. Any alteration in the normal condition of the diaphragm, produces an alteration in the magnetic field, by strengthening or weakening it, and any such alteration of the magne­ tic field causes the induction of a cur­ rent of electricity in the coil, B. The strength of this induced current is de­ pendent upon the amplitude and rate of vibration of the disk, and these de­ pend in turn upon the air disturbance made by the voice in speaking, or in any other similar source. Therefore, first, a wave of air throws the dia­ phragm into vibration ; second, each movement produces a change in the magnetic field; and third, an induced [Oontinued on page 212' -J

TELEPHONE.

Professor Graham Bell's telephone has of late been somewhat simplified in construction and also arranged in more compact portable form. It con­ sists now of but three metal portions and is contained in a ca.sing of wood or light hard rubber, but five and five eighths inches in length and two and seven eighths inches in diameter at the enlarged end. It will be remembered that this telephone differs from all others in that it involves the use of no battery nor of any extraneous source of electricity whatever. The only cur­ rent employed is that generated by the voice of the speaker himself. The simplicity of the constructiOll is clearly shown in Fig. 1 of our engrav­ ings, in which both sectional and ex­ terior views of the device are given. Referring to the sectional view, A is a permanent magnet, held by the screw shown in the rear. Around one end of this magnet is wound a coil, B, of fine insul ated copper wire (silk covered), the ends of which are attached to the larger wires, 0, which extend to the rear and terminate in the binding screws, D. In front of the pole and

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=======

TELEPHONE.

Jtitufifit �Uttritau.

208

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I

can

N O T.! C E T O I N V E· N T 0 R S . .

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WESTON DYNAMO-ELECTRIC

Engineering Construction .

H ide R o l ler Hay Cutters. Corn SheJler�, Bo'i'ing Macbines, Wine and Cider Presses, 'ltailroad, Store, Cotton, Bag, Platform, and Block Trncks. COPYI N C

P R ESSES

s ished. �����1a�e:t���Ug�·gi��� ;��:fe�:�������r1�rn H . N. HUBBARD, Manufacturer, 823 E. 22d

St., New Yor k .

Sta n d a r d S c al e s

We

Sell the Watch without the Ohain for no. J . B R I D E &, CO. CLIN'l'ON l'LACE, If NO. II EIGIl'l'Il STREET,' NEW YOU.

WANTED. For J!�rticulars address K Ij . AGF�NTS WILSON SEWING MACHINE CO.,

Broadway, New York city, New Orleans, La. Chicalro, Ill. Or :San FI'ancisco, Cal. LARGE MIXED CARDS, with name, 13c. 40 In case 13c. 25 styles Acquaintance Cards 10c.· Ag'ts outfit 10c. DOWD &; CO., Bristol, Conn. STEUI HAMME RS, day at home. Samples worth $5 of all sizes, for Iron or $5 to $20 Der free. STINSON & Co., Portland, Me. Steel Forging. . . SPARE THE CROTON AND. SAVE THE COST . W. B. BE�IENT &, SON,

50

trolling the motion of a watchman orforpatrolman different st.ations of his beat. Send circular. J . E . H U EIl K , P .O. HoX II '1 9 , H o s t o n , Masli N. H.-The suit against Imbaeuser & Co., of New York, was decided in my favor, Jilne 10 1874. A fine was assessed a.f,ainst them Nov. llj1876, for selling contrary s u t s �yo�:: i��rf��g �: ��U�aten£�rlf b� l��ft �it� ��� cording to law. ----------

PIttsburgh, Pa., Manu· facturers of improved wrought iron Beams and Girders (patented). 'l'he great fall which has taken place in the prices of d a �fWiit� pir8o� llti11Hf���,������s �;oC��l�\�eC�kOe� cial attention of Engineers, Architects, and Builders to the undoubted advantages of now erecting Fire Proof i r r r c �i�e�il��s -�:g�h :f� £����� P��e::;lfc�ig�°t� ���! e i �'W�,F'Wl� ¥fi�c"61'?N1�,�t� 8�fb'tfr1\¥i'b-:'l'K! cost of Insurance avoided,and ·tpe serious losses and in­ terruption to business caused by fire; these and like con­ siderations fully justify any additional It is firstofcost. believed, that were owners fully aware the small difference which now exists between the use of Wood AllAPTED TO THE STANDARD OF ALL and Iron, that in many cases the latter would be adopted. NATIONS. pleased to furnish estimates for all the Beams W e shall befor complete, any speci C structure, sothat the difference in cost may at once be fiascertained. Address FAIRBANKS & co., New York . CARNEGIE, BROS. &; CO., Pittsburgh, Pa. FAIRBAN K S & CO., London, Eng. SECOND·HAND ENGINES AND BOILERS FOR SALE, Portable and Stationary. Junius Harri S , Titusville, Pa.

or

�29

Wells Philadelphia, Pa. Driv e n or Tube a so e t name, E CJ�lR�s��Jw:3:aI �� ��t������ ��( � t��. & �s A'W ��?��l*� w�!�� , ���: � �. 2 5 fo� pfstp�r who control the patent forGreen'sAmerican Driven Well

THE UNION IRON M::J.LS,

Iron Foundry For Sale

ANOIENT

.

I MANF'� CONCERNS.- Buel'l0 Broadway, N. Y. e S ��� ������:�kn1�:��l���pl:t�� ��Ih ������¥O�f$rJ�O� Several of these dwellings, on both plans, have been built at the prices stated. This valuable paper also con­ tains the Report of the City Authorities of Chicago, certifying to the fireproof nature of these buildings, with other useful particulars. Contained in SCIEK'1'IFIO AMERICAN SUPPLE""NT No. 91 . Price 10 cts. To be had at this office and of all newsdealers.

PATENT M I N ERAL WOO L. CATALOGUE OF

Reliable Attorneys. •

Fonrth Annnal Revised an(l COI'rected Edition Now Publisbed.

C i v i n g t h e n a m e a n d a d d ress of a good a n d re lJ a b l e atto r n ey i n eve ry co u n ty i n t h e U n i ted States. •

Jar This book is of great value to inventors, as it fur­

Baker Rotary Pressure Blower. (FORCED

BLAST )

Warranted superior to any other.

WILBRAHAM BROS. 2318 Fran kford

Ave.

PHILADELI'HIA.

A:oSuperior Quality of

nishes the address of a responsible lawyer acquainted B O LT S , with the business community in which he lives from S C R E W Lag Screws, Tap Bolts, whom can be obtained any information needed for Set Screws, Bolt Ends, Turn Buckles, &;c. safety or protection. lIWnufactured by PUblished at No. 88 Wall St., New York. SA M U E L H A L L'S SO N , Address, witb price, ONE DOLLAR, Established 1839. 229 W. 10th Street, N. Y. FRUEAUFF & BANCKER,

A.ttorneys a t L a w and General Collection Agents,

P. O. B ox 1 922 , N . Y.

© 1877 SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN, INC

[OCTOBER . 6, I �77 .

222

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Inside Palle, each insertion - - - 7 ii cents a line. Back Palle, eaell insertion - - - $1.00 a line.

C o ffee, Malt. Corn, Cocoa, and G rain­ Dr.yhi� Macbine . (; o fl"ee�H n l l in g and P O l ishi n g llIacbine". • : o ffee-Wa"bing Machine. HeU� S ugar Evapol·ator.

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