Variability of Harengula spp. school reactions to boats
Jun 5, 1991 - (e.g. predators) induce different behavioural patterns according to the number of .... school shape did not change throughout the passage of.
Variability of Harengula spp. school reactions to boats or predators in shallow water Pierre Fréon, François Gerlotto, and Marc Soria Fréon, P.,Gerlotto, F., and Soria, M. 1993. Variability of Harerzgula spp. school reactions to boats or predators in shallow water. -ICES mar. Sci. Symp., 196: 30-35. The internal structure and behaviour of clupeid schools has been observed in situ during unstressed periods followed either by natural predation or by applying a controlled stress (a realistically painted model predator). Combined acoustic and visual (aerial and underwater) observation techniques were used. In situ observations are characterized by a high variability of fish reactions in space and time. The variability in space is obviously due to the large scale of observation which allows the simultaneous occurrence of different types of behaviour in different regions. The variability in time is probably due to a large number of physiological or environmental influences changing unexpectedly between repeated experiments. The variability of fish reaction depends on the characteristics of the source of the stimuli: some sources (e.g. predators) induce different behavioural patterns according to the number of stimuli; others (e.g. boats) induce a single pattern, varying only in intensity. Consequences for acoustic signal identification are discussed. Pierre Fréon, François Gerlotto, and Marc Soria (alphabetical order): Centre ORSTOM, Laboratoire HOT, Route du Val-de-Montferrand, BP 5045, 34032 Montpellier, France.
Weill, A. C., Scalabrin, C., and Diner, N. 1993. MOVIES-B: an acoustic detection description software. Application to shoal species classification. Aquatic Living ...
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