Oligonucleotides: used for priming and should be at least 20-24 nucleotides in length. â Standard Buffer for PCR. â Taq DNA polymerase: this enzyme purified ...
The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Prepared by: H.M.Naimi
Purpose The PCR is a powerful technique that is capable of amplifying as little as single molecule of DNA in to a large amount by repeating a simple three step process: Denaturation (95) Annealing (Priming)(50-60) Synthesis (72)
PCR is frequently employed to detect pathogens in laboratory
the PCR is done in an equipment named Thermo cycler
Replication of DNA molecule
Components of Polymerase chain reaction Oligonucleotides: used for priming and should be at least 20-24 nucleotides in length. Standard Buffer for PCR Taq DNA polymerase: this enzyme purified from thermus aquaticus(a heat stable bacterium) and a genetically engineered form of the enzyme synsethized in E.coli (AmpliTaq) and have 5’---3’ polymerization activity.
Deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate:dNTPs Target sequence: DNA containing the target sequences can be added to the PCR mixture in single or double stranded form.
Reaction: Template 1ML Primer 1 2.5ML Primer 2 2.5ML dNTPs 4ML Taq enzyme 0.5-1ML Buffer 5ML H2O QSP 50ML Mineral oil 1Drop
Advantages PCR has high sensitivity due to exponential amplification of template DNA PCR is highly specific due to the specificity of primer annealing The PCR techinque can be completed in one working day, providing rapid results
Disadvantages Minute mounts of contamination can lead to false positive results The PCR techinque is expensive Inhibitors of the PCR reaction can lead to false negative results
Fluorogenic 5’ Nuclease PCR
Real Time PCR
purpose Sensitive and specific assay capable of quantitating PCR products. Gaining popularity in diagnostic laboratories.
method DNA is isolated from the sample Denaturation of DNA Hybridization probes Reporter fluorescent dye ant 5’ and quencher dye ant 3’ Annealing of the oligonucleotides primers 5’nuclease activity and synthesis of new DNA
Advantages Very sensitive and specific The assay is quantitative Rapid turn around time No post PCR processing ( eg gel electrophoresis) is required
Disadvantages Cross contamination can easily lead to false positive results. The technique is expensive and requires specialized instrumentation.
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This particular Technique De Laboratoire Reaction En Chaine Par Polymerase Immunoprecipitation Methode De. Bertrand Vivisection Distillation Titrage PDF start with Introduction, Brief Session till the Index/Glossary page, look at the table of content
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