The Tail Wagging the Dog? The Impact of Removing Infrequently Used Journal Titles on the Stability of the Consortial Core Journals List Yaşar Tonta & Yurdagül Ünal Department of Information Management Hacettepe University Ankara, Turkey {tonta, yurdagul}@hacettepe.edu.tr International Symposium on Academic Online Resources: Assessment and Use, 26-27 November 2009, Lille, France
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Outline Background Research setting and data sources Research questions Method Findings Conclusion
International Symposium on Academic Online Resources: Assessment and Use, 26-27 November 2009, Lille, France
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Background • Consortial licensing models – FTE-based – Usage-based – Others
• “Orderly retreat” • MESUR studies
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Research Setting and Data Sources • 115 Turkish universities, 2.5M students, 80K faculty • The Consortium of Anatolian University Libraries (ANKOS) (www.ankos.gen.tr ) • The National Academic License of Electronic Resources (EKUAL) • More than 27M articles downloaded from ScienceDirect (2001-2007), SpringerLink (20042007) and Wiley InterScience (2003-2006) ejournal databases by ANKOS members were analyzed International Symposium on Academic Online Resources: Assessment and Use, 26-27 November 2009, Lille, France
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Research Questions
Does incrementally removing the infrequently used journal titles from the tail jeopardize the stability of the core journals list of a consortium of academic libraries? How does this affect the consortium members’ core journal lists? Would consortium members be disenfranchised by removing rarely used titles from the tail?
International Symposium on Academic Online Resources: Assessment and Use, 26-27 November 2009, Lille, France
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Method • Distributions of downloads to journal titles for ScienceDirect, Springer Link and Wiley Interscience e-journal packages using Bradford curves • Core journal lists identified for ANKOS consortium and ANKOS member libraries • 5%, 10%, 20% and 30% of journal titles removed from the tails • Checked to see if ANKOS core journal lists as well as those of member libraries were disenfranchised International Symposium on Academic Online Resources: Assessment and Use, 26-27 November 2009, Lille, France
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Findings
International Symposium on Academic Online Resources: Assessment and Use, 26-27 November 2009, Lille, France
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F ull-te x t a rtic le dow nloa ds from e -journa l da ta ba s e s
E le c tro n ic jo u rn a l D o w n lo a d s b y A N K O S c o n so rtiu m u se r d a ta b a se # o f jo u rn a ls u se d N % S cie n ce D irec t 2 5 ,1 4 5 ,2 9 3 9 0 .1 2 ,0 9 7 6 .1 S p rin g e rL in k 1 ,7 7 9 1 ,7 1 5 ,1 6 4 3 .8 W iley In te rS c ie n c e 470 1 ,0 5 5 ,7 4 1 T o ta l
4 ,3 4 6
2 7 ,9 1 6 ,1 9 8 1 0 0 .0
International Symposium on Academic Online Resources: Assessment and Use, 26-27 November 2009, Lille, France
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Full-text downloads from ScienceDirect e-journals (2001-2007) 7.000.000
Number of downloaded articles
6.000.000
5,264,423
5,652,780
5,843,049 (est.)
2006
2007
4,575,094
5.000.000 4.000.000
3,346,381
3.000.000 2.000.000 1.000.000
1,362,934 810,203
0
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
Ye ar
ANKOS International 9. Yıllık Symposium Toplantısı,on 24-26 Academic Nisan Online 2009, İnönü Resources: Üniversitesi, Assessment Malatya and Use, 26-27 November 2009, Lille, France
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Bradford curves for use of ScienceDirect journals 2001/07
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
100
Cumulative percentage of downloaded articles (%)
90 80 70
Re g io n 2 0 0 1 /0 7 2 0 0 1 1 105 77 2 273 206 3 1719 950 2097 1233 Total
60 50 40
Nu m b er o f jo u r n a ls 2002 2003 2004 2005 83 95 103 103 225 255 271 274 1292 1304 1409 1498 1600 1654 1783 1875
2006 92 262 1553 1907
2007 93 257 1663 2013
30 20 10 0 0
150
300
450
600
750
900
1050 1200 1350 1500 1650 1800 1950 2100 2250 Cumulative number of journals
International Symposium on Academic Online Resources: Assessment and Use, 26-27 November 2009, Lille, France
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Yearly distributions of ScienceDirect journal titles by region 1st region
2nd region
3rd region
Percentage of journals (%)
100
10
1 2001-2007
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
Year
International Symposium on Academic Online Resources: Assessment and Use, 26-27 November 2009, Lille, France
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Common core ScienceDirect journals Ranks by years Journal name
2001/07
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
Food Chemistry
1
9
9
12
1
1
2
1
European Journal of Operational Research
2
5
5
4
2
2
3
2
Lancet, The
3
29
11
1
3
3
5
6
Journal of Materials Processing Technology
4
6
2
2
4
6
7
3
Journal of Food Engineering
5
26
24
21
6
8
4
5
Tetrahedron Letters
6
19
13
15
12
4
10
15
Journal of Chromatography A
7
13
10
11
10
11
9
14
Analytica Chimica Acta
10
7
12
6
18
17
12
13
Water Research
11
3
4
10
15
16
22
30
Cement and Concrete Research
12
27
6
5
19
5
30
52
Materials Science and Engineering A
13
15
23
19
16
20
17
8
Tetrahedron
15
32
27
23
25
7
14
17
Polymer
16
18
22
16
23
19
15
11
Biomaterials
17
49
19
20
14
15
20
26
Surface and Coatings Technology
18
24
16
36
26
18
18
10
Bioresource Technology
20
36
28
39
28
21
16
7
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Removing 30% from the tail of ScienceDirect journal titles makes almost no effect on heavily or intermediately used titles 100 Cumulative percentage of use
90
A ll = 2097 5% = 1992 10% = 1887 20% = 1678 30% = 1468
80 70 60 50 Num ber of journa ls
40
A ll R egion
30
1 2
20
5%
10%
20%
30%
N
%
N
%
N
%
N
%
N
%
105 274
5.0 13.1
105 274
5.3 13.8
105 274
5 .6 14.5
104 271
6.2 16.2
103 266
7.0 18.1
3 1,718 81.9 1,613 81.0 1,508 79.9 1,303 77.7 1,099 74.9 T o tal 2,097 100.0 1,992 100.1 1,887 100.0 1,678 100.1 1,468 100.0
10 0 0
150
300
450
600
750
900 1050 1200 1350 1500 1650 1800 1950 2100 2250
Cumulative number of journal titles - 13
Top 30 ScienceDirect core journals 1. Food Chemistry 2. European J. of Operational Research 3. Lancet, The 4. J. of Materials Processing Technology 5. Journal of Food Engineering 6. Tetrahedron Letters 7. Journal of Chromatography A 8. J.of the Americ.Coll. of Cardiology 9. Clinical Biochemistry 10. Analytica Chimica Acta 11. Water Research 12. Cement & Concrete Research 13. Materials Science & Engineering A 14. Applied Math. & Computation 15. Tetrahedron
16. Polymer 17. Biomaterials 18. Surface & Coatings Technology 19. Fertility & Sterility 20. Bioresource Technology 21. Annals of Thoracic Surgery, The 22. American J. of Cardiology, The 23. Journal of Hazardous Materials 24. Chemosphere 25. Energy Conversion & Management 26. Aquaculture 27. Urology 28. International Journal of Production Economics 29. Thin Solid Films 30. Brain Research
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Cumulative percentage of use (%)
Bradford curves for use of Springer Link and Wiley Interscience journals 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
S p r in g e r L in k : 2 0 0 4 / 0 7 W ile y I n te r S c ie n c e : 2 0 0 3 / 0 6
0
150
300 450 600
750 900 1050 1200 1350 1500 1650 1800 1950
C u m u la tiv e n u m b e r of jou r n a l title s
International Symposium on Academic Online Resources: Assessment and Use, 26-27 November 2009, Lille, France
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Yearly distributions of SpringerLink and Wiley InterScience journal titles by region S L 1s t re g io n
S L 2nd re g io n
S L 3rd re g io n
W 1s t re g io n
W 2nd re g io n
W 3rd re g io n
Percentage of journals (%)
100
10
1 2003/06
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2004/07
Year International Symposium on Academic Online Resources: Assessment and Use, 26-27 November 2009, Lille, France
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Removing 30% from the tail of Springer Link journal titles makes almost no effect on heavily or intermediately used titles 100 90
All = 1779 5% = 1737 10% = 1703 20% = 1617 30% = 1545
Cumulative percentage of use
80 70 60 50 40
Number of journals All
30
Region
20
1 2
10
3 T otal
5%
10%
20%
30%
N
%
N
%
N
%
N
%
N
%
39 147
2.2 8.3
38 144
2.2 8.3
38 143
2 .2 8 .4
38 142
2.4 8.8
38 141
2.5 9.1
1,593 1,779
89.5 100.0
1,555 1,737
89.5 100.0
1,522 1,703
89.4 100.0
1,437 1,617
88.9 100.1
1,366 1,545
88.4 100.0
0 0
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900
C u m u lative n um be r of jou rn al title s
International Symposium on Academic Online Resources: Assessment and Use, 26-27 November 2009, Lille, France
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Top 39 Springer Link core journals 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing European Radiology Pediatric Nephrology World Journal of Surgery Pediatric Surgery International Pediatric Radiology Intensive Care Medicine Environmental Geology Journal of Neurology Aesthetic Plastic Surgery European Food Research & Technology European Journal of Pediatrics Surgical Endoscopy Clinical Rheumatology Rheumatology International The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology European Journal of Nuclear Medicine & Molecular Imaging Theoretical & Applied Genetics Abdominal Imaging Osteoporosis International
21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37.
Applied Microbiology & Biotechnology Diseases of the Colon & Rectum Acta Neurochirurgica Journal of Materials Science Surgery Today Neuroradiology Journal of Medical Systems Annals of Biomedical Engineering Child's Nervous System European Spine Journal Diabetologia Pediatric Cardiology Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry Skeletal Radiology Hydrobiologia Annals of Hematology European Archives of Oto-RhinoLaryngology 38. Digestive Diseases & Sciences 1. European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases
International Symposium on Academic Online Resources: Assessment and Use, 26-27 November 2009, Lille, France
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Consortial use of Springer Link and Wiley Interscience journal packages
% o f t it le s u s e d b y a ll # o f jo u r#n ao lf A N K O S J o u r n a l p a c k a gt ite le s m e m b e r sX S D M e d iaMn in .M a x . S p r in g e r L in k 1 , 7 7 9 77 40 23 45 1 79 W ile y I n t e r s c ie n4 c7 e0 48 74 15 77 15 95
International Symposium on Academic Online Resources: Assessment and Use, 26-27 November 2009, Lille, France
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8 SL journals affected by removal of tail % of total # of journal journal titles University no. titles used used (N=1,779) 1 605 34 2 873 49 3 822 46 951 53 4 5 925 52 1274 72 6 7 1076 60 160 9 8 462 26 9 10 445 25 829 47 11 12 1027 58 13 1261 71 606 34 14 15 832 47 16 701 39 17 131 7 18 1081 61 831 47 19 20 680 38 66 4 21 1296 73 22 23 301 17 1376 77 24 25 1038 58 906 26 51 548 27 31 28 919 52 286 29 16 30 1347 76 31 849 48 796 32 45 33 826 46 34 502 28 35 1286 72 36 509 29 133 37 7 38 896 50 632 39 36 179 40 10 41 1204 68 29 42 2 43 1332 75 54 44 3 773 45 43 46 55 3 117 47 7 48 95 5 49 1039 58 50 509 29 51 1051 59 52 1021 57 53 21 1 54 342 19 871 55 49 56 43 2 57 531 30
Journals J1* 23 58 186 32 328 21 85 43 457 682 13 51 351 81 47 30 55 38 34 406 31 28 62 56 361 34 32 66 8 284 45 62 24 37 63 30 11 30 91
J2* 251 104 236 130 168 119 280 418 271 175 194 119 99 201 249 113 111 220 361 200 273 210 213 83 248 105 259 172 148 201 779 142 90 171 253 327 163 325 262 332 314 362 88 45 492
J3* 382 260 564 175 157 127 255 140 327 165 647 94 237 270 248 551 413 46 249 228 372 405 374 134 173 130 246 90 109 249 266 161 809 20 104 526 82 133 63 333 -
J4* 363 637 228 320 253 326 174 209 353 399 325 287 145 176 265 492 73 190 262 362 346 662 115 271 342 290 130 311 165 239 176 102 286 41 588 347 210 23 7 260 180
J5* 154 148 593 205 268 303 107 165 373 334 234 16 380 124 192 416 367 280 190 245 284 438 324 110 302 339 622 158 404 120 229 392 232 263 -
J6* 314 469 307 4 182 588 43 237 119 34 38 498 2 704 62 29 45 962 43 121 765 462 247 628 716 327 646 8 643 501 114 336 124 493 232 778 156 116 11 -
J7* J8* 209 187 254 390 394 292 112 65 393 289 190 109 117 70 13 8 631 383 298 202 162 137 78 377 316 115 61 394 707 194 215 315 639 196 90 124 127 776 118 145 149 175 618 388 33 675 96 228 104 51 240 137 470 140 1089 287 124 39 29 900 129 224 55 167 270 654 167 282 183 107 -
J 1 E: u r o p e a n J o u r n a l o f C l in ic a l M ic r o b io lo g y & I n f e c t io u s J 2: P f l ü g e r s A r c h iv E u r o p e a n J o uyr n a l o f P h y s io lo g J 3: E u r o p e a n C h il d & A d o l e s c e n t P s y c h ia tr y J 4 : A c c r e d i taQti ou na l it& y A s s u r a n cl ef:o Jr oQu runaali ty , C o m p a r a b i liRtye li&a b il it y i n C h e m i c a l M e a s u r e m e n t J 5 :C a n c e r I m m u n o l o g y , I m m u n o t h e r a p y J 6 :G e n e r a l R e la ti v i ty a n d G r a v it a t io n J 7 :C a t a l y s is L e t te r s J8 :E m e r g e n c y R a d i o lo g y
8 Springer Link journals dropped from the list were heavily used (red cells) by only a few libraries (ie, in the first region). They were rarely used by the great majority of libraries (pink cells).
International Symposium on Academic Online Resources: Assessment and Use, 26-27 November 2009, Lille, France
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Ranks of 8 SL journals in each university when 30% of journal titles removed from the consortial journal list J1
J3
J4
J5
J6
J7
J8
J1: European Journal of Clinical Micro biology & Infectious Diseases J2: Pflügers Archiv European Journal of Physiology J3: European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry J4: Accreditation & Quality Assurance: Journal for Quality, Comparability & Reliability in Chemical Measurement J5: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy J6: General Relativity and Gravitation 100% line, 1,593 journals J7: Catalysis Letters J8: Emergency Radiology
10000
Rank of journals (N)
J2
1000
67% line, 147 journals
100 33% line, 39 journals
10
1 U n iv e rs ity
International Symposium on Academic Online Resources: Assessment and Use, 26-27 November 2009, Lille, France
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Cumulative percentage of use
Removing 30% from the tail of Wiley Interscience journal titles makes almost no effect on heavily or intermediately used titles 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
A ll = 4 7 0 5% = 467 10% = 462 20% = 455 30% = 446
Number of journals All
5%
10% %
Region
N
%
N
%
N
1 2
21 64
4.5 13.6
21 64
4.5 13.7
21 64
4.5 13.9
3 T otal
385 470
81.9 100.0
382 467
81.8 100.0
377 462
81.6 100.0
20% %
N
21 4.6 63 13.8
21 63
4.7 14.1
362 446
81.2 100.0
N
371 455
81.5 99.9
30% %
0 2 5 5 0 7 5 1 0 0 1 2 5 1 5 0 1 7 5 2 0 0 2 2 5 2 5 0 2 7 5 3 0 0 3 2 5 3 5 0 3 7 5 4 0 0 4 2 5 4 5 04 7 5 5 0 0 Cumulative number of journal titles
International Symposium on Academic Online Resources: Assessment and Use, 26-27 November 2009, Lille, France
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Top 21 Wiley Interscience core journals 1. Journal of Applied Polymer Science 2. Cancer 3. American Journal of Medical Genetics 4. Journal of Polymer Science 5. Hepatology 6. Arthritis & Rheumatism 7. Journal of the Science of Food & Agriculture 8. Journal of Research in Science Teaching 9. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology 10. Muscle & Nerve 11. Science Education
12. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 13. Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics 14. Prenatal Diagnosis 15. Angewandte Chemie International Edition 16. Biotechnology & Bioengineering 17. Pediatric Blood & Cancer 18. British Journal of Surgery 19. Strategic Management Journal 20. International Journal of Energy Research 21. Microwave & Optical Technology Letters
International Symposium on Academic Online Resources: Assessment and Use, 26-27 November 2009, Lille, France
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Macromolecular Symposia University no. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48
# of journal titles used 275 385 324 398 346 383 306 374 368 324 346 221 337 412 433 406 308 374 69 438 332 390 397 277 384 373 429 345 349 387 380 376 377 243 138 432 292 359 446 330 341 390 359 442 341 337 378 244
% of total journal titles used (N=470) 59 82 69 85 74 81 65 80 78 69 74 47 72 88 92 86 66 80 15 93 71 83 84 59 82 79 91 73 74 82 81 80 80 52 29 92 62 76 95 70 73 83 76 94 73 72 80 52
Journal Macromolecular Symposia 264 63 114 178 324 274 203 96 61 90 83 95 55 153 115 185 191 99 134 129 181 38 89 169 17 68 33 215 49 38 269 150 58 51 166 179 14 90 82 202 102 39 137 27 71 57
Macromolecular Symposia was heavily used (red cells) by only two libraries (ie, in the first region). It was rarely used by the great majority of libraries (pink cells).
International Symposium on Academic Online Resources: Assessment and Use, 26-27 November 2009, Lille, France
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Ranks of Macromolecular Symposia in each university when 30% of journal titles removed from the consortial journal list 1000 Mac rom olec ular Sym posia
100% line, 385 journals
Rank of journals (N)
100 67% line, 64 journals 33% line, 21 journals
10
1 Un iv e rs it y
International Symposium on Academic Online Resources: Assessment and Use, 26-27 November 2009, Lille, France
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Conclusion • Removing 30% of journal titles from the tail makes almost no effect on consortial core journal list of ANKOS • Individual ANKOS members can function perfectly well without those titles • Download requests to a small number of disenfranchised journal titles can be satisfied by other means (i.e., pay-per-view) • Consortial licensing models should take this into account International Symposium on Academic Online Resources: Assessment and Use, 26-27 November 2009, Lille, France
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The Tail Wagging the Dog? The Impact of Removing Infrequently Used Journal Titles on the Stability of the Consortial Core Journals List Yaşar Tonta & Yurdagül Ünal Department of Information Management Hacettepe University Ankara, Turkey {tonta, yurdagul}@hacettepe.edu.tr International Symposium on Academic Online Resources: Assessment and Use, 26-27 November 2009, Lille, France
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