SECOND INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP OF PEDOANTHRACOLOGY

18TH-20TH APRIL 2013 KIEL, GERMANY

In June 2010, the first International Workshop of Pedoanthracology took place in Aix-enProvence: “Pedoanthracology and environmental studies” (http://pedoanthracoworkshop.free.fr). At this meeting, researchers active in the analysis of charcoals in a soil/soil sediment context met for presentations and discussions, the results of which are published soon in a special issue of Quaternary International. To continue, we invite for the Second International Workshop of Pedoanthracology, at the Kiel University, in Germany, for next spring. One of the important issues of discussion during the first workshop was the connection between the geosciences and the palaeobotanical approach which is the charcoal analysis. We reached the conclusion that this connection is crucial for pedoanthracology. Indeed, it appears crucial to use soil / soil sediment description and stratigraphical context to interpret the soil / soil sediment charcoal assemblages. On the other hand, it equally appears important to have insights about the vegetation cover to interpret data sets about soil history. In other words, for both disciplinary scientists, the geoscientist and the pedoanthracologist, it is very useful to combine the abiotic and biotic data set to improve the global palaeo-environmental reconstruction. However, so far a standard combination of both geoscience and charcoal analysis (which would lead to a “Geoanthracology”) does not exist. Several issues of this crucial connection remain to be discussed, and may be detailed and probably improved, to name but a few: - What data from soil formation and / or soil sediment accumulation histories are necessary to interpret charcoal assemblages? - What sampling strategy is needed to combine both soil and charcoal analysis? - What the analysis of charcoal assemblages from soil / soil sediment can/should provide to geosciences analysis? - ... Every contribution dealing with the combination of geosciences and charcoal analysis are warmly welcome to this second International Workshop of Pedoanthracology: “Improving the link between charcoal analysis and geosciences - towards a geoanthracology?” Moreover, any contribution dealing with general soil / soil sediment charcoal analyses are also very welcome.

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SECOND INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP OF PEDOANTHRACOLOGY

18TH-20TH APRIL 2013 KIEL, GERMANY

18th April 10.00: Meeting (see the map below) and departure of the Excursion to Stodthagen Wald 19th of April – Lecture room 117 Session chair: Oliver Nelle 9:00 – 9:45

Invited speaker: Hans-Rudolf Bork

Contributions of geoarchaeology to pedoanthracological research

9:45 – 10:30

Invited speaker: Marie-Claude BalSerin

Open landscapes: the origin of the vegetation change from pedoanthracological and fire signal analyses in the Pyrenees (north and south slope), Massif central and Sierra de Gredos

10:30 – 11:00

COFFEE BREAK

11:00 – 11:30

Vincent Robin

Soil charcoal analysis: some recurrent questions and attempts of answers

11:30 – 12:00

Bobek Přemysl

Fire disturbance-driven vegetation dynamics under the sandstone landscape conditions in Northern Bohemia

12:00 – 13:30

LUNCH BREAK

Session chair: Vincent Robin 13:30 – 14:00

Thomas Feiss

Determining the minimal sampling effort for pedoanthracological studies: what does additive partitioning of spatially constrained accumulation curves teach us?

14:00 – 14:30

Freddy Damblon

Dating charcoal from palaeosols and loess deposits: new challenges

14:30 – 15:00

Raquel Cunill Artigas

Woodland history of Ste-Croix-Volvestre fir wood (Ariege, France) by interdisciplinary aproach. A late Holocene palaeoenvironmental reconstruction.

15:00 – 15:30

Juan Manuel Rubiales

Vegetation history in the mountains of Gredos (Central Spain) during the last 5000 years: palaeoecological evidences, uncertainties and the pedoanthracological approach

15:30 – 16:00

COFFEE BREAK

Session chair: Marie-Claude Bal-Serin 16:00 – 16:30

Oliver Nelle

Origin and continuity of dry grasslands in Western Europe, investigated by soil charcoal

16:30 – 17:00

Doris Jansen

Influence of fragmentation and quantities of determinations on charcoal data – Results from pedo- and archaeological samples

17:00 – 17:30

Tim Schrödter

Charcoal from alluvial profiles and drillings in the Malatya plain, southern Turkey. Results of a first (promising?) attempt

17:30 – 18:30

General discussion

20th April 9.00-13.00: Microscope session 2

SECOND INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP OF PEDOANTHRACOLOGY

18TH-20TH APRIL 2013 KIEL, GERMANY

Contributions of geoarchaeology to pedoanthracological research Hans-Rudolf Bork Institute for Ecosystem Research, working group ecosystem research and geoarchaeology, Olshausenstrasse 75, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, D24118, Germany, [email protected]

Invited speaker Geoarchaeology investigates qualitatively and quantitatively the spatial and temporal distribution and the characteristics of sediments, soils and anthropogenic layers (Anthrosols) in cultural landscapes. In the past decades geoarchaeologists mainly practised intensive cooperation with archaeologists, geophysicists, palaeoclimatologists and geochronologists. In the low mountain ranges of Central Europe debris covers are widespread in the uppermost one or two meters. Geomorphologists earlier identified periglacial processes as causative for their formation. Thus they dated these slope deposits to the Weichselian (LGM and late glacial) by traditional chronostratigraphical methods. Recently established pedoanthracologicalgeoarchaeological cooperation proves that at least the upper debris layers were deposited by runoff of extreme rainfall events during early Holocene (Bond events) or middle Holocene (in agriculturally used areas). In the central highland of Easter Island (Chile) hundreds of pits were found in a small and deeply incised dry valley. They are filled with pure iron oxide, fine layers of phytolithes and charcoal. A gravel layer with a thickness of approximately one meter covers the pit fillings. Radiocarbon-dating attest their prehistoric origin. Pedoanthracological-geoarchaeological research indicates that Rapanui (the Polynesian inhabitants of Easter Island) burned the roots of Totora reed to generate iron oxide, which was used than as a pigment probably to colourise their skin. As igniter huge amounts of grass were used. Accordingly integrated process-orientated pedoanthracological-geoarchaeological research gives important new insight views into the development of landscapes.

Open landscapes: the origin of the vegetation change from pedoanthracological and fire signal analyses in the Pyrenees (north and south slope), Massif central and Sierra de Gredos Marie-Claude Bal-Serin GEOLAB, University of Limoges, 39E rue Camille Guérin, 87036 Limoges, France [email protected]

Invited speaker

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SECOND INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP OF PEDOANTHRACOLOGY

18TH-20TH APRIL 2013 KIEL, GERMANY

Soil charcoal analysis: some recurrent questions and attempts of answers Vincent Robin1, Brigitte Talon², and Oliver Nelle² 1

Institute for Ecosystem Research, working group palaeoecology, Olshausenstrasse 75, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, D-24118, Germany, [email protected] ²Mediterranean Institute of Biodiversity and Ecology, University of Aix-Marseille, France

The possibilities of the soil charcoal analyses appear to be still subject of much skepticism within the paleo-environmental and environmental scientific communities. And actually, most of the time, this skepticism is based on relevant critical aspects of the method. Like for any others paleoecological / paleo-environemental approaches, the taphonomical processes constitute key “filters” of the use of the approach. Such “filters” induce several issues which must be considered when developing study protocol: What are the available archives? What types? What is the repeatability and representativeness of the used paleo-records? What are the expectable spatial resolutions? Etc. However, in the case of the pedoantharcolgy, those issues appear to induce considerable limitations (highly discussed), notably related to the much complexity of an archiving context such as soil – soil sediment context. Moreover, regarding to others paleoecological approaches, the pedoanthracology is a “young” method. Its contribution to the state of the “global scientific knowledge” is still weak. Also the still lacking standard protocol, either for field and laboratory treatment, limits the visibility of the method. Various soil charcoal investigations using various protocols are not identifiable as a common research approach. Therefore, whereas several of the skepticism are not simply solving, inhere we would like to stress some key questions related to the soil charcoal analysis. Those questions are of course not exhaustive, and deal mainly with method and data interpretation. In the communication, we do not have the ambition to solve any of the here developed question. Nevertheless, it is attempt to, at least, highlight some hypothesis to answer, and to discuss those hypothesis in the aim to identified know orientations.

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SECOND INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP OF PEDOANTHRACOLOGY

18TH-20TH APRIL 2013 KIEL, GERMANY

Fire disturbance-driven vegetation dynamics under the sandstone landscape conditions in Northern Bohemia Přemysl Bobek Institute of Botany of the ASCR v.v.i., Charles University of Prague, Benátská 2, Praha 2, 128 01, Czech Rep. [email protected]

Extensive areas of North Bohemia are situated on sandstone bedrock shaped by weather erosion giving them a highly variable relief of deep gorges and exposed rock plateaus. This strongly affects vegetation composition which reflects local site conditions and produces a patchy mosaic of forest types. One question that has not been answered is the former extent and fire history of relict Pinus sylvestris forests that are expected in extreme habitats. According to palynological research carried out within the given region, the Holocene vegetation development followed classical scheme of continuous transition of Atlantic mixed oak forest to the fir- and beech-dominated stands during the Subboreal period. This vegetation change was triggered by the gradual soil leaching and impoverishment which is typical to sandy soil found in the area. In contrast with other sandstone landscapes in Bohemia, there is no evidence of the process acceleration by human impact. However, this near-natural process was substantially shaped in consequence of frequent fire disturbances. Macroscopic charcoal (> 125 μm) records from four peat cores that were taken from topogenous mires situated at the bottom of gorges, show a continuous presence of local forest fire. An extensive soil sampling within the study area provides an evidence of a significant correlation between charcoal content and specific topographic features. Hot spots of the former fire activity were found on the exposed rock ridges and margins of the sandstone plateaus. According to thirteen pedoanthracological profiles covering the major habitat variability and radiocarbon dating of the 27 samples, the Holocene vegetation dynamics of the sandstone area were driven by the fire disturbances. The soil charcoal record showed the dominance of Pinus sylvestris and long continuity of this type of vegetation going back to the Preboreal period. These forests were frequently burnt which prevented expansion of fire-intolerant species. On the other hand, the sites with nutrient rich soils that developed on the basaltic bedrock were colonized by Fagus sylvatica during the Subboreal, probably as a result of lower fire frequency. The fire disturbance-driven vegetation change is not usually considered by the forest ecosystem models in the European temperate zone. Nevertheless, there is a strong evidence for such fire-dependent system caused by the specific environmental conditions of the sandstone landscape.

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SECOND INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP OF PEDOANTHRACOLOGY

18TH-20TH APRIL 2013 KIEL, GERMANY

Determining the minimal sampling effort for pedo-anthrocological studies: what does additive partitioning of spatially constrained accumulation curves teach us? Thomas Feiss, Hélène Horen, Boris Brasseur, Guillaume Decocq Unité de recherche Ecologie et Dynamique des Systèmes Anthropisés, Jules Verne University of Picardie Jules, 1 rue des Louvels 80037 AMIENS, France, secretariat-edysan@u-picardie

The historical ecology of forests aims at reconstructing former land uses in forest and their influence on community composition, dynamics, and functioning. As a discipline, pedo-anthracology provides important information on the woody component of forests, which structures ecosystems, and also on the soils. However, it is still unclear how far archaeo-environmental reconstructions that are based on charcoals retrieved from the different edaphic horizons are representative from tree and shrub communities of the past. The objective of this study was to determine the minimal sampling effort to obtain a pedo-anthracological picture which is representative of specific richness and composition in forests. The vertical and horizontal distribution of charcoals was considered. We sampled 3 soil types (cambisol, luvisol, podzol) in 3 ancient forests from North France (Compiègne, Saint-Gobain, Creuse). For each site, to investigate the charcoal spatial distribution we sampled vertically on the soil pit (20 samples of 1L/horizon) and a plot of 1000 m2 surrounding the soil pit to collect 30 topsoil samples using an auger of 15 cm depth. At the lab, soil samples were dried, weighed and sieved at 4, 2 and 0.8mm under wet conditions. The total number of charcoal fragments extracted per liter was weighed. The specific anthracomass per liter (ASL) was then calculated as the ratio between the charcoal mass and the total mass of soil. The charcoals were identified with an incident light microscope, using the key of determination (Schoch,W.,Heller,I.,Schweingruber,F.H.,Kienast,F.,2004: Wood anatomy of central European Species). We used the species x sample matrices of abundance to construct spatially-contrained accumulation curves, subsequently followed by additive partitioning of diversity. The parameters of the curves (slope and intercept) were then compared to determine the minimal sampling effort. Diversity values were used to compare this minimal sampling effort among soil types. We will only present the result on one of the sites (Compiègne, luvisol) in order to highlight the heuristic value of this approach. The spatial distribution of the anthacomass among soil types will complement these preliminary results. Finally a comparison between the actual vs fossil dendroflora will be shown. We discuss and conclude on the need to take into account the density of the charcoals and their vertical and horizontal spatial distribution to determine the minimum sampling effort needed to provide unbiased interpretations in historical ecology, paleo-geoecology and pedological dynamics.

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SECOND INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP OF PEDOANTHRACOLOGY

18TH-20TH APRIL 2013 KIEL, GERMANY

Dating charcoal from palaeosols and loess deposits: new challenges Freddy Damblon1, Paul Haesaerts1, Philip Nigst2,3, Johann van der Plicht4, Jean-Jacques Hublin3 1

Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium, [email protected] Department of Archaeology and Anthropology, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom 3 Department of Human Evolution, Max-Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany 4 Centre for Isotope Research, University of Groningen, the Netherlands and Faculty of Archaeology, Leiden University, the Netherlands. 2

Charcoal and charred wood remains are present in various loess deposits of the Last Glacial period both in natural and archaeological conditions from west Europe to Siberia. Dating charcoal/wood concentrations from well-known pedostratigraphical sequences has become an efficient tool to apprehend the chronology of the climatic events on the continent. However gaining accurate radiocarbon dates needs special care not only to detailed stratigraphical approach for safe sampling strategy but also specific cleaning, selection and chemical pre-treatment depending from the origin and nature of the material in the wood/charcoal laboratory as well as in the radiocarbon laboratory. The importance of identification and selection of the best charcoal fragments for dating has been discussed previously (Damblon & Haesaerts, 2002). Actually the challenge lies in assessing the quality and reproducibility of the radiocarbon dates, especially for the time window 50-30 ka BP taking the new pre-treatment methods (ABOx/ABA) into account (Haesaerts et al., in press). The results of comparison tests on charcoal for 3 sites of Central Europe (Willendorf in Austria, Vedrovice in Moravia and Molodova in Ukraine) will be discussed. Another problem comes from variations in the 14C content of the atmosphere in the past, a wellknown phenomenon from tree rings during the Holocene and Lateglacial periods but much more difficult to apprehend for older ages, especially around and older than 30 ka BP. Such variations are put in evidence on large wood pieces from Kurtak (Siberia). Moreover rare bugs in the 14C AMS measurements, higher than natural statistical variations, may also disturb the quality of the results. Only close comparison with pedostratigraphical data may give coherent answer to possible incoherence in the chronological sequences. This is a prime importance in the identification of the climatic events that affected the Eurasian continent during the Last Glacial period.

References Damblon, F., Haesaerts, P. 2002. Anthracology and radiochronology of the Upper Pleistocene in the loessic areas of Eurasia. BAR International Series 1063 : 65-71. Haesaerts, P., Damblon, F., Nigst, P., Hublin, J.-J. ABA and ABOx radiocarbon cross-dating on charcoal from Middle Pleniglacial loess deposits in Austria, Moravia and Western Ukraine, Radiocarbon, in press.

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SECOND INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP OF PEDOANTHRACOLOGY

18TH-20TH APRIL 2013 KIEL, GERMANY

Woodland history of Ste-Croix-Volvestre fir wood (Ariege, France) by interdisciplinary aproach. A late Holocene palaeo-environmental reconstruction Raquel Cunill1, Jean-Paul Métailié1, Didier Galop1, Sébastien Poublanc2 1

GEODE, University of Toulouse II-le Mirail, 5 allées Antonio Machado, 31058 Toulouse, France, [email protected] 2 FRA.M.ESPA, University of Toulouse II-le Mirail, 5 allées Antonio Machado, 31058 Toulouse, France

The presented research focuses on the study of the environmental geohistory of Volvestre fir wood. Fir (Abies alba Mill) occupies an important place in the Pyrenees where he finds the right conditions in mountain zone (800-1800m). In this Pyrenean context, the fir wood of Ste-CroixVolvestre (Ariege, France) has a peculiar interest because of its location: first, this forest is too far north compared to the natural location of fir on the Pyrenean central axis, and second it is found at a very low altitude, between 330-440m. This localization has given rise to various theories, some considering the fir as glacial relic and other pointing to anthropogenic interference and a possible planting during the Middle Ages (presence of an abbey at St. Croix-Volvestre). To know the origin and history of this woodland environment, a multiproxy approach has been chosen, which consisted in the use of pedoanthracology, palynology, historical sources and geomorphological study of the area. This way, each of these methodologies allows us to obtain different and complementary results, going in depth in the understanding of the environmental geohistory of the area. Simultaneously, multiproxy analysis allows us to be critical on the application of different methodologies and the interpretation of their results. The main fir woodlands of Volvestre are located in two nearby communes: Ste Croix Volvestre and Montbrun-Bocage. This last forest was chosen to begin the pédoanthracology study due to the close existence of a peat area suitable for a palynological study. Two pedoanthracology holes were dug in the Montbrun forest, one in a present fir forest soil and the other in a soil sediment (alluvial and colluvial terraces) downstream the river pouring from the forest. As for palynology, two meters of core sample were taken in a peat area one kilometer away from the pedoanthracology points. This site is the only one known and studied in the foothills of the central Pyrenees. The identified charcoal mostly belonged to Abies, Quercus, Castanea and Fagus. Less frequently appeared samples of Juniperus, Populus, Alnus, Corylus, .... The radiocarbon dates correspond to the Bronze age (3900-3840 Cal BP), Gallo-romana period(1870-1720 Cal BP) and, specially, Middle Ages (910-660 Cal BP). Regarding the individual analysis of the two sampling points we can see how the pedological and geomorphological contexts are essential to the interpretation of the results. While the two sampling points are close, differentiated nature (soil, sediment soil) plots differentiated results. Far from being contradictory, they are complementary and allow us to go further in the knowledge of spatial and temporal dynamics of geomorphologic features and vegetal landscape. Charcoal dates show significant erosion and colluvation occuring from the Middle Ages on. This fact shows the necessity of taking into account the geographical context when designing the sampling strategy and interpreting the results. Referring to the palynological results, these have shown a changing landscape where formations of deciduous and fir have been happening for the last 5,000 years. The basis of palynological profile is just prior to the onset of Fagus in this part of the Pyrenees. However, Abies was then abundant in a forest composed also of Quercus, Corylus and Tilia. Subsequently, there is a growth on the population of Alnus and Fagus, while Abies decrease parallel to the increase on markers of human activity. The age of fir shows that its presence is consistent with the colonization history by this species in the Pyrenees.

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SECOND INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP OF PEDOANTHRACOLOGY

18TH-20TH APRIL 2013 KIEL, GERMANY

Vegetation history in the mountains of Gredos (Central Spain) during the last 5000 years: palaeoecological evidences, uncertainties and the pedoanthracological approach Juan M. Rubiales1, Marie Claude Bal-Serin2, Salvia García Álvarez1, Ignacio García Amorena1, Philippe Allée2 , Fernando Gómez Manzaneque1 1

Technical University of Madrid, U.D. Botánica, E.T.S. Ingenieros de Montes, 28040 Madrid, Spain. [email protected] 2 GEOLAB, University of Limoges. 39E rue Camille Guérin, 87036 Limoges, France

The natural vegetation of the mountains of central Spain has long been a matter of debate among plant biogeographers. The Gredos mountain range, the largest and highest mountain range of Central Spain (>2500 m asl), hosts, by far and away, the most anthropogenically modified mountain landscapes of Central Iberia. Livestock activity has been intensively developed since the fourteenth century in the mid- and high altitudes of the range, which remain one of the most important spots to understand the long term vegetation history in the submediterranean Iberia. Pollen studies, together with dendrochronological and historical information provide a body of data that suggests the dominance of pinewoods during the early- to mid- Holocene, and its subsequent demise during the late-Holocene. Additionally, the finding of ~40 Holocene sites in wet soils, with macro and megafossils, allowed to detail the palaeodistribution of trees, making special reference to the last 3000 years. The study of fossil cones and fruits also served to identify the chief species of these mountain forests (i.e. Pinus sylvestris, Pinus nigra and Betula alba). Thus, palaeoecological evidence pointed to several extant pine stands as priorities for conservation. However, although today there is no scientific doubts to recognize the naturalness of pinewoods and their needs to be conserved, several important questions raise as important for managers and policy makers of the mountains of Gredos, including: i) the mechanisms (purportedly human-induced) responsible for the forest demise and its timing ii) the amplitude of altitude fluctuations of the treeline through time, and iii) the Holocene tree distribution in areas with a lack of information due to the absence of wet soils. To respond to this questions, a pedoanthracological approach is being performed in this territory, which will provide key information on the altitudinal limits of tree development through time and the role of humans in the late-Holocene vegetation turnover.

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SECOND INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP OF PEDOANTHRACOLOGY

18TH-20TH APRIL 2013 KIEL, GERMANY

Origin and continuity of dry grasslands in Western Europe, investigated by soil charcoal Oliver Nelle1, Brigitte Talon1, Thierry Dutoit2 1

Mediterranean Institute of Biodiversity and Ecology, University of Aix-Marseille, France, [email protected] Mediterranean Institute of Biodiversity and Ecology, University of Avignon, France

2

Dry grasslands have been a wide-spread ecosystem type in Europe’s past due to agronomical management. Land-use changes make these species-rich habitats decrease, and their loss endanger many plants and animals which are specialized to open, dry, nutrient-poor conditions. Much effort is put by nature conservation management to conserve and restore these ecosystems, which mostly implies the simulation or quasiapplication of historic land-use techniques, such as grazing with sheep and goats. However, it is questioned whether these systems are all made by man, or whether there are – especially in Southern France – some grasslands with a natural origin, and their continuity was ensured by the action of man. Though common knowledge is that most grasslands originated by cutting down forested areas and implementing a pasture management, the time of origin of these vegetation types remains usually unknown. In addition, the climatic influence has been neglected so far. While for northern Europe dry grasslands are the result of anthropogenic forest clearings since the Late Neolithic, we challenge the pure man-made origin of Mediterranean grasslands and test the hypothesis of a continuity of grassland systems since their natural origin in early post glacial times. Here, we compare from Atlantic and Continental Europe to western Mediterranean (Southern France), local soil wood charcoal analyses realised in different grassland types (chalk grasslands, acidic uplands, calcareous grasslands, pre-steppic supramediterranean grasslands and steppic Mediterranean grasslands) to estimate the 14 respective impact of Holocene global climatic changes and societies on their origin. 112 soil wood charcoal C AMS dating have been extracted from the bibliography and from our own results for four sites in Europe (Upper-Normandy, Vosges mountains, Franconian Jura, Grands Causses plateaux and Lower-Provence/Crau). All these sites have been subjected to soil wood charcoal analyses in the recent past where they have been sampled by the same methodology with the same objective to detect the origin of their present vegetation (Dutoit et al., 2009, Henry et al., 2010, Goepp 2007, Poschlod and Baumann, 2010).

REFERENCES: Dutoit, T., Thinon, M., Talon, B., Buisson, E., Alard, D., 2009. Sampling soil wood charcoals at a high spatial resolution: a new methodology to investigate the origin of grassland plant communities. Journal of Vegetation Science 20, 349–358. Goepp, S. Origine, histoire et dynamique des Hautes-Chaumes du massif vosgien - Déterminismes environnementaux et actions de l’Homme. Thèse Docteur, Louis Pasteur Strasbourg I, Geographie, Strasbourg, 288 pp. Henry, F., Talon, B., Dutoit, T., 2010. The age and history of the French Mediterranean steppe revisited by soil wood charcoal analysis. The Holocene 20 (1), 25–34. Poschlod, P., Baumann, A., 2010. The historical dynamics of calcareous grasslands in the central and southern Franconian Jurassic mountains: a comparative pedoanthracological and pollen analytical study. The Holocene 20 (1), 13–23.

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SECOND INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP OF PEDOANTHRACOLOGY

18TH-20TH APRIL 2013 KIEL, GERMANY

Influence of fragmentation and quantities of determinations on charcoal data – Results from pedo- and archaeological samples Doris Jansen Institute for Ecosystem Research, Olshausenstrasse 75, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, D-24118, Germany, [email protected]

Charcoal from alluvial profiles and drillings in the Malatya plain, southern Turkey. Results of a first (promising?) attempt Tim Schrödter1, Stefan Dreibrodt1, Oliver Nelle² 1

Institute for Ecosystem Research, Olshausenstrasse 75, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, D-24118, Germany, [email protected] ²Mediterranean Institute of Biodiversity and Ecology, University of Aix-Marseille, France

In collaboration with geomorpholigsts of the CAU Kiel, an attempt for anthracological investigations has been conducted in the surroundings of the Tell Arslantepe, in the Malatya plain, Southern Turkey. The geomorphological investigations revealed vast changes in the landscape during the Holocene. In order to obtain insight into the vegetation during the sedimentation phases sediment samples were taken from waterholes nearby and a drilling at the margins of the Tell. Despite the low number of radiocarbon dates and the limitations for the investigation of alluvial sediments, promising insights charcoal content and catchments of the investigated sediments could be gained. Although only few charcoals could be determined, a wide assemblage of taxa was found, reflecting only marginal changes in the taxa assemblage within the last 2000 years. A semi-quantitative attempt used for the analysis of the drilling suggests a change in sediments, which is not clearly visible in the soil record.

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SECOND INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP OF PEDOANTHRACOLOGY

18TH-20TH APRIL 2013 KIEL, GERMANY

PRACTICAL INFORMATION  Workshop venue: Room 117 (buidling: see the maps – Room: first floor, backside corridor) Christian-Albrachts-Universität zu Kiel Olshausenstrasse 75, D-24118 Kiel  For lunch: Proximity of a bakery and of the university canteen (Mensa 2). The lunch for the excursion of the 18th is not provided by the workshop organization. So bring with you food and drinks (there is a bakery near the meeting place, see the map).  Publique transport in Kiel: http://www.kvg-kiel.de/en/index.ph

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