Proto-Celtic ― English Proto-Celtic
English
- (*(s)olno-)
large
- (LW < Lat.)
babbler
- (LW < OE)
seal
(kom-)sart-e/o- (??)-
bark
(wala-)*
be powerful
* φlontā- > *bari- (??)
heavy
*basedo- (??)
boar
*baskjā- (?)
burden
*baskjo- (Br.), *basko- (Ir.)
burden
*basko-
neckband
*basko-
red
*bata-
dumb
*bat-e/o- (?)
speak
*bato-
death
*bat-we/o-, batt- (?)
strike
*bautro- (?)
dirty (?)
*bautrV- (???)
road
*bawano- (?)
good (*luck-bringing?)
*bawos- (?)
use
*bebro-
beaver
*bedg- (???) < *besg-???
dare
*bedo-
grave
*beg-e/o-, *bex-ske/o- (??)
ask
*bei-e/o- (??)
live
*beikk-je/o-, -ai- (??)
roar
*beikʷo-
penis
*beino- (?)
skin
*beisso- (?)
custom
*beja-, *bī- (?)
strike
*bejali-
axe
*beko-
bee
*belatu-
death
*belego-
marten
*belen(i)on- (?)
henbane (?)
*beljā- (?)
tree, leaf
*belo-, beleno- (?)
bright
*benā-
woman
*be-na-je/o-
strike
*bennā-
horn
*bennā-
wagon
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Proto-Celtic
English
*bennāko-
pointed
*berantī-
sow (pig)
*ber-e/o-
carry
*ber-e/o-
flow
*berg-o- (?)
kite
*bergo-; *bergno- (?) (CB)
heap
*bernā- (?)
cleft, rift
*ber-no- (?)
grief
*berro-
short
*berto-
burden
*berto-
shining
*bert-outV-/īto- (?)
wonder
*beru-
spit (stake)
*beruro- (?)
watercress
*ber-wa/o-
cook
*berw-o-
boil
*bēst(i) (?)
maybe
*betlo- (??)
lip
*betwā-
birch
*bewa-, bū-
be
*bī- (sic)
pitch
*bibedat- (?)
enemy
*bikko-, bikkakno-
small
*bikk-no-
small
*bikulijā- (?)
fear
*bili-
edge
*bili- (?)
good
*binjo- (?)
trespass
*birro-kʷeisl-o- (?)
rash
*biss- (?)
finger
*bistlo-, boistlo- (?)
gall
*bī-tā- 'cut'
hedge
*bit-amani- (?)
swarm of bees
*bīti- (?)
way
*bitu-
world
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Proto-Celtic
English
*biwo-
living
*biwoto- (?)
life, food
*biwotūt-
life
*bl(e)id-anī- (?)
year
*blad-e/o- (?!?)
break
*blaidā- (?) (not *blozgâ)
rejoice
*blaiskV- (Ir.), *blīskV- (W)
shells
*blakno- / *blag(e)no- (??)
top
*blāro-
white, gray
*blast-o-sag-e/o- (?)
taste
*blāto-
flower
*blawi- (?)
hair
*blāwo-
yellow
*bledo-, *bledjo-
wolf
*bleido-
year
*blenni-, blanno- (??)
spittle
*blew-āko- (?)
hairy
*blībo-
catapult
*blid-anī-wexto-
year's time
*blīno-
tired
*blīno-tero-
fatigue
*blogā- / *blugā- (??)
piece
*blon-eko- (??)
fat
*blungo- (?)
angry
*blusko- (/*blosko-?)
noise
*bodwā-, *bodwo-
fight
*boglo- (?) /*bVulo- (??)
water
*Bojī
ethnic name
*boldjā-
stroke
*bolgo-
bag
*bol-no- (?)
open
*bolo- (?)
strong
*bonn-eje/o- (?; LW??)
forbid
*bono-
strike
*Bormo-
river name
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Proto-Celtic
English
*borro-
large
*bos(s)man- (?)
bite
*bostā-
palm, fist
*bostā- (?)
hand
*bot-e/o- (?)
fear
*bou-
cow
*boud-ajā- (?)
churn
*boudi-
victory
*boudīko-
victorious
*bou-dino- (?)
herd
*bou-gorto- (?)
cow-pen
*boukanjā-
sea
*boukato-
noise
*bou-kʷoljo- (?)
herdsman
*bou-rigo- (?)
cow-shackle
*bousano- (??)
fast
*bousdo- (??)/*bonto- (???)
fire
*bousso-
cattle
*bou-tegos-
cow-stable
*bou-φku- (?)
cow
*bradī (??)
hardly
*brādo-
speech
*brāgant (?)-
neck, windpipe
*brag-e/o-
break wind
*bragi-
chain
*brag-je/o- (?)
fart
*bragno- (?) / *mrakno- (??)
stinking
*bragsman-
fart
*brājat- (??)
eat
*brākā-
trousers
*brak-āto-
bragget
*brakʷ- (???)
glitter
*branā-
raven
*branaro- (??)
fallow land
*bran-ī-jā- (??)
prow of ship
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Proto-Celtic
English
*bran-jo- (??)
prow
*brankā-
lie
*brasso-
large
*brātīr
brother
*bratto- (?)
cloak
*bratto-kū
mastiff
*brātu-
judgment
*brāwan-
grinding stone
*brazd-e/o-
sting (?)
*Bred-anjā- (?)
river name
*breg- (?)
break
*breito-
variegated
*brei-to- (?)
heddles of loom
*breitro-
word
*brem-e/o-
roar
*brendo- (?)
hill
*brenn(j)e/o- (?)
boil
*brestelo- (?)
fight
*bretto- (?)
cloth
*breuko-
?
*breust-āko-
with a broad chest
*brewant- (??)
spring
*brexsmi- (??)
cry
*bri/ekkā- (??)
pox
*brig-
mountain
*brīgā-, *brīgo-
power
*brigant-
high
*Brigantī-
goddess
*brigantīnos
king, prince
*brīko-
summit
*brisk-
congeal
*brist-e/o- (?)
break
*brito-/ -ā-
judgment
*britso-
haste
*Brittā-
country name
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Proto-Celtic
English
*Brittānī (nom. pl.)
ethnic name
*britu- (?)
birth
*brīwā- (?)
bridge
*briwo-
flame
*brīwo- (?)
fragment
*brixtā-
spell
*bro(to-) (??)
point
*Brokkagno-
personal name
*brokko-
badger
*brokkV- / *brukko-, -ā- (?)
dirt; anger
*bromb-āko-
foal
*brondjo-, brondā- (or -u- (?))
breast
*brongo- (?)
throat
*bronjā- (?)
prow of boat
*brosk-o-
strong
*brosko- (?)
noise
*brotto-, broto- (?)
prickle
*brotV-rego- (??)
rich garment
*broxd-īti- (Br.), -ro- (Ir.) (??)
dream
*brū-
edge, bank
*bru- (?)
stomach
*brū(s)-je/o- (?)
fight
*brugn-injo-
rush
*brugno-
worry
*brun- (??)
belly
*brunk-e/o- (?)
bring
*brusk-
piece
*brutu-
ardour
*brutV- (??)
point (?)
*brū-wāje/o- (?)
break
*bruwi- (?)
brow
*bruwo- (sic)
strong
*budā-
will
*budaro- (?)
deaf
*buddākko- (??)
loathsome person
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Proto-Celtic
English
*budīnā- (?)
band, army
*budno- (??)
root
*bug-lā-(j)e/o-
strike
*bukkā- (< Lat.?)
cheek
*bukkijā- (?)
life
*bukko-
buck
*bukko-, buko- (??)
soft
*bulakā- (?)
swelling
*bulato- (?)
smell
*bulko-, -ā-
cleft
*bunato- (??)
origin
*bundo-
floor
*bung-e/o-
break
*bunno-
bittern
*bur-we/o- (??)
throw
*bussu-
mouth, lip
*būsti-
tree trunk
*butā-
house
*buti-
being
*butto- (?) / *bosdo- (?)
penis
*buwano- (?)
lasting
*buzdo-
nave
*bwā-
be
*bwo- (?)
life
*-d(e)-em- (?)
pronoun
*dabākā-
pot
*dago-, *dego-
good
*dakr-
tear
*dāl-(je/o-)
part
*dalg-e/o-
hold
*dāli-
part
*dal-injo-
leaf
*dāmā-, *dāmo-
host
*damato-
sheep
*dam-je/o-
allow
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Proto-Celtic
English
*dam-n-a-
bind
*damnjo- (*do-?)
material
*damo-
cow
*dang-e/o-
press
*dangino- (?)
solid
*dan-ī- (??)
deer
*dano-
striker (?)
*dāno-
gift
*-danos
distributing
*dant-
tooth
*dant-(V?)galo-
grinding the teeth
*dant-āko-
betony (Stachys betonica)
*danto-
disposition, temperament
*Dānu, *Danoos
river name
*dari(k)-
oak
*dar-je/o- (?)
jump
*Dārjo-
personal name
*darn-āje/o-
break in pieces
*darno-
piece
*daru-
oak
*dasti-
heap
*datlo-tegos-
assembly(-hall)
*datlu- (?)
assembly
*daw-je/o-
burn
*de
pronoun
*de-da-
die away
*de-d-e (pf.)
put
*dedmā-
statute (?)
*deget- (?)
fire
*dego-wiro- (?)
brave, splendid
*degu- (?)
drink
*deik-
show
*deino-
fast
*Deiwā-
river name
*deiwo-
god
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Proto-Celtic
English
*dejastā- (?!?)
ear of grain
*dekam
ten
*dekameto-
tenth
*deko-
good
*delgos-
thorn
*deli- (?)
rod
*dellorato- (??)
shine
*delto-
wet
*delwā-
form
*delw-ato-
form
*demātā- (?)
ceremony
*demi-
dim
*demo- (?)
house
*dengwo-
mist, smoke
*der-, *dren-s-, daro- (?)
sound
*der-der-je/o-
clamour
*derg-ā-
redness
*dergo-
red
*derk- (??)
hold
*derk-e/o-
see
*derkos-
berry
*derwā-
oak
*derwitā-
tetter
*derwo-wid- (?)
druid
*desos- (?)
god
*dewjo- (?)
strong
*dexso-
south
*dexso-, *dexsiwo-
right
*dī
from
*dī-
particle (de-, from)
*dī-(?)
clothes
*dī-(?)
has
*dia- (??)
prefix
*dī-ad-ber-e/o-
deprive
*dī-āk-ī- (?)
laziness
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Proto-Celtic
English
*dī-āku-
lazy
*dī-anami- (, -o-?)
unblemished?
*dī-arken-āje/o-
take off one's shoes
*dī-arkeno- (?)
without shoes
*dī-ask- (?)
healthy
*dī-ātV-
drink
*dī-bag-sage/o- (?)
destroy
*dī-ber-e/o-
drop, flow
*dī-berg-o-
deceit
*dī-brig-
serious
*diddi- (??)
teat
*dī-don-a- (?)
comfort (?)
*dī-do-n-eie/o- (?)
wean
*dī-exs-bād-e/o-
extinguish
*dī-exs-ber-e/o-
defend
*dī-exs-glend-e/o-
choose
*dī-galā-
revenge
*dī-gand-īko-
abundant
*digino- (?)
solid
*dī-glenn-e/o- (?)
gather, collect
*dī-gustu-
choice
*dijarā- (?)
earth
*dīko-
angry
*dī-kʷeislo-
senseless
*dī-kʷenn-e/o- (?)
behead
*dī-kʷenno-
end
*dili-
pleasant
*dī-litso- (?)
genuine
*dilo-
teat
*dī-lubno- (?)
rough
*din-
day
*dī-nammo- (??)
blameless
*dindu- (??)
hill, height
*dindu- / *dinnu-
hill
*dī-n-e/o- (?)
suck
12 June 2002
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Proto-Celtic
English
*dinno- (??)
hill
*dī-re- (?)
fine
*dī-reig-n-
wind
*dīro-
due
*dī-ro-mik-e/o-
despise
*dī-samalo-
unique
*dī-sedi-
idle
*dīs-kiro- (??)
common
*dīs-klai-r-je/o- (?)
shine
*dī-song-lo- (??)
explain
*dī-soudo- (?)
force
*dīssomutto- (???)
sudden
*dī-suφn-āje/o-
awake
*dīto-
death
*dī-trebo-
desert
*dī-u(φ)o-kel-e/o-
secure
*dī-wed-o-
end
*diwjo- (?)
day
*diwo-
day
*dī-φro-
prefix
*dī-φro-ber-e/o-
renounce
*dlig-e/o-
deserve
*dligeto- (??)
law
*dlog-(e)je/o- (?)
split
*dlūto-
thread
*dog-jo- (?)
bur
*doklo-
hair
*dolā- (?)
valley
*domo-
tame
*donjo-
person
*dorso-
rough
*dou-dek-am (?)
twelve
*dous-
arm
*dousjo- (?)
slow
*dowjo- (?)
slow
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Proto-Celtic
English
*dowo-glīno- (?)
knees
*dra(g)smo- (-ā-?)
bundle
*drabo-
husk
*dragino-, -ā-
blackthorn
*drang- (??)
climb
*draskā- (?)
a kind of malt
*draugo- / *drougo-
spirit
*drenxtā- (?)
song
*dress- (?)
blackberry
*drettillo-
weakling
*dreuto- (/drouto-)
brave
*dreuto- / *drouto-, *drūto-
dear
*drew- (??)
rot
*drigu-
hair
*driko-, *drikā-
face
*drinno-/drenno- (?)
quarrel
*drito-
frugal
*drits-i- (?)
brambles
*drixsmā-
view
*drogo- (??)
wheel
*dru(t)sman- (?)
back
*dru(w)- (?)
run
*druko-
bad
*druko-garjo-
bad reputation
*drullo- (< -sl-)
part
*drungo- (?)
troop
*drūto-
fool
*druwid-
druid
*druxtu-
drop
*dubjā-
blackness
*dubno-, *dubni-
deep
*dubno-tero-
depth
*dubo-glasto-
dark blue
*dubro-
water
*dubro-jarā-
water-hen
12 June 2002
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Proto-Celtic
English
*dubro-kwon-
otter
*dubu-
dark, black
*dubu-litso- (?)
horse-parsley
*duk-e/o-
bring
*dukli- (?)
make
*duknā- (?)
poem
*du-kʷritu-
ugly
*dulā-, duljo- (??)
leaf
*dūli-
wish
*dulisko- (??)
edible seaweed
*dumāko- (?)
mist
*dumjo- (?)
hill
*dunno-
brown
*dūno-, *dūnos-, dūnastu-
fort
*durā-
door
*durd-e/o- (??)
roar
*durdo- (!)
sound
*durn-āje/o-
beat
*durnāko-
having big fists/hands
*durno-
fist
*dūro-
hard
*dus-
prefix (bad-)
*dus-garo- (?)
unhappy
*dusjo-
spirit
*dwā(w) (?)
two (m.)
*dwallo-
blind
*dwāst-aje/o- (?)
make insane
*dwei (?)
two (f.)
*dwei-φlo-
double
*dwei-φlo-
two times
*dweno-
strong
*dwijat-
smoke
*dwoilo- (?)
beetle
*dwoilo- (?)
fear
*dworestu- (?)
door, gate
12 June 2002
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Proto-Celtic
English
*eburn-īkā-
yearling goat in milk
*eburo- (?)
yew
*ed-e/o-
eat
*egi-
maggot
*egl-jā- (?)
building
*ei
interjection
*ei-
be
*ei-, *e-
pron. 3 sg. m./n.
*eig- (?)
cry
*eixtā-je/o-
groan, cry
*ekorV- (W), *ekari- (Ir.) (??)
key
*ekwo-
horse
*ekʷo-reid-i-
riding a horse > fast (?)
*elajo- (??)
swan
*elawar (?)
river name
*elko- (?)
bad
*ell(ā)-e/o- (?)
go
*el-lant-ī- (?), *el-an-ī
deer
*ell-je/o- (?)
deserve
*elnā-
herd
*elV-
loss?
*elVt-n- (?)
brass
*elwo-
gain, profit
*em-e/o-
hold
*em-em
he, him, it
*emo- (?)
that
*en
in
*en-brexto-
bite
*endo (?)
in
*enekʷo-
face
*en-gna-to-
judge
*eni
in
*eni-bero-
mouth of a river
*eni-genā- (?)
daughter
*eni-kʷenni-
brain
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Proto-Celtic
English
*eni-sekʷjā-
speech
*enissī- (?)
island
*en-ītero- (??)
entrails
*ēnk- (?)
reach
*en-lo-n-g-e/o- (?)
join
*ennākā- (?)
crow
*en-sedo-
chariot
*en-sto- (??)
under
*enter
between
*entereto- (?)
entrails
*erb-je/o- (?)
let
*erbo- (?)
goat
*eretsV- (??)
wonderful
*erg-e/o-, rig-ā-
go
*erko-
heaven
*errā-
tail
*erret- (?)
chariot-warrior
*eruro-
eagle
*erwo- (?)
grain
*es-
be
*esāk-
salmon
*esātsā- (??)
nightingale
*esjo, esjās (Gen.)
pronoun
*eskarī- (?)
leg
*esom
their
*esti emos (?)
that is
*esweid- (???)
time of day when (also place where)
*eti
beyond, also
*ett(n)jo- (??)
kernel
*ex(s)-tamo-
extreme
*exs-
out of
*exs-
preposition (out)
*exs-āko-
insipid
*exs-ben-tī- (Ir.); *bonī- (?) (Br.)
hitting implement
*exs-bu-
fail
12 June 2002
Page 28 of 103
Proto-Celtic
English
*exs-dī-sed-e/o-
sit
*exs-karant-
enemy
*exs-karto-
tow
*exs-obno-
fearless
*exs-reg-e/o-
climb up
*exstero-
besides
*exs-φed-ijo- (?)
lark
*eφero- (?)
later
*eφi (??)
preposition
*gabalī-
tongs
*gabalī- (??)
tongs
*gabalu- (?)
branch
*gab-e/o- (?)
give, take
*gabro-
goat
*gad- (?)
go
*gaiso-
spear
*gait-
hair
*gajamo- (?)
winter
*galā-
power
*galanatsā-
murder
*galaro-
sorrow
*galbā-
pot-belly
*gal-e/o- (?), *gal-we/o-
call
*gallo-
stone
*gallo- (?)
foreigner
*gal-ne/o-
be able
*gal-s-ā- (?)
swan
*gando-
narrow
*gan-je/o-
bear (child)
*gann(j)o- (??)
scale of fish
*gan-n-d-e/o- (?)
take
*gansi-
swan
*gar(s)man-
call
*garanu- (-o-?)
crane
*gar-e/o-
speak
12 June 2002
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Proto-Celtic
English
*gari-
short
*gāri-
call
*gar-jo-
word, speech
*garri-
leg
*gartā-
head
*garwo-
rough
*garwo-tero-
roughness
*gasdo-
rod
*gāsrjā-
laugh
*gastā-
shoot (plant)
*gat-e/o-
let, leave
*gatsā- (??)
whore
*gatV- (??)
hare
*gauljo- (?)
pot
*gaurjo- (?)
noble
*gawo-
lie
*gdijes
yesterday
*geg(u)rannā- (?)
barnacle goose
*gegni-
laugh
*geidā- / *gigdā- (??)
goose
*geidelo- (LW < Br.)
Irishman
*geistlo-
hostage
*geitsl-āje/o-
pledge
*gel-antī
leech
*geld-e/o-
promise
*geldo-
pledge
*gel-e/o- (?)
eat up
*gello-
yellow, brown
*gelmo-
knife, dagger
*gelo- (?)
white
*gelorā- (?)
bier
*gel-tā-
grass
*gemelo- (?)
chain
*genet(t)ā-
daughter
*geni-
wedge
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English
*geno-, genjo-
birth
*gen-owes (pl.)
mouth
*genti- (?)
child
*genu-, genawā- (?)
mouth
*genV- (?)
laugh
*gerbāko-
wrinkled
*Gerontjo-
personal mane
*gerrjo- (?)
driving (cattle)
*gerro-
short
*gerto-
milk
*gestu- (?)
carrying
*getto- (*gesdo- ??)
buttocks (/rump)
*gi-gen-ā-
will be born
*gigro-
sharp, sour
*gījokkV- (???)
snipe
*glād- (?!?)
speak
*glagmā- (?)
shout
*glaistā- (?)
agony
*glakko-
hand
*glando- (?)
river-bank
*glanjā-
stillness
*glanjo- (?)
glass, jewel
*glan-n-d-e/o- (?)
make clear
*glano-
clean
*glasīnā- (?)
blue thing (?)
*glast-āje/o-
become pale
*glast-īno-
green
*glasto-
green
*glatsino-
common borage
*glāw-ato- (??)
dried cow-dung
*glāwo- (?)
ball
*glaxtā- (?)
milk
*gleino-
clear
*gleiso-, *gleisto-
shining (?)
*gleiwo- (?)
gleaming, clear
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English
*glejo-
green lawn
*glennos-
valley
*glikki- (?)
clever
*glina-
remain hanging
*glinā-
adhere
*gli-wā-
sharp
*gliwo-
battle
*gloido- (?)
glue
*glomaro-
bridle
*glouro- (?!?)
clear
*glouwo- (?)
coal
*glugno- (??)
knee
*Glūno-māro-
personal name
*glustu-
light
*gnā- (?)
know
*gnāto-
known
*-gnāto-, *-gnātā-
son, daughter
*gnawjo- (?)
excellent
*gnā-wo- (?)
clear
*gnī-mo-
labour, pain
*-gno-
descendant
*gnōto-
relative
*gnubo-
knot in wood
*gnūtsi- (?)
jaw
*gobalī- (??)
smithy
*gobn- (?)
smith
*goglo-
coal
*goisd-jo-
wound(ed)
*goppo- (?)
mouth
*gor(s)mo-
dark
*gorgo- (, *gergo-?)
rough
*gorsti- (?)
bitter
*gorto-
garden
*goru-
pus
*got- (?)
sting (?)
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English
*got-je/o- (?)
sexual intercourse
*gotto-
stammer
*gourjo-
(*curly) hair
*-grago-
neck
*grag- (?)
horse-herd
*grandā- (?)
beard
*grān-injo-
single grain
*gran-n-d-e/o- (?)
step
*grāno-
grain
*grat-jo-
ardour
*grawV-
crow
*gred(s)man- (??)
strength
*greisano- (???)
grit
*grendjo- (?)
bundle
*grens-
impel
*gresman- (?)
bite
*gri/ennā- (PBr.) (?)
big vessel
*gri-tu-
cry
*gro- (??)
chirping
*gron(s)nā- (?)
bog
*groudos-
chin, cheek
*growjo- (?)
grit
*gruggo- (??)
wrinkle
*grundo- (?) / grondo- (??)
ridge in a field
*grutu-
curds
*grVu(s)man-
darkness
*grgni- (?)
disgust
*gublon-
shoulder
*gulban- (?)
thorn
*gulbi(ā)- (?)
point (?)
*gurdon-īko- (???)
rough
*gus-
choose
*gust-(e)je/o- (?)
choose
*gustu-
danger, illness
*gustu-
force
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Proto-Celtic
English
*gʷan-e/o-
wound
*gʷani-
wound
*gʷano-
weak
*gʷed-je/o-
ask
*gʷer-(e)je/o- (?)
warm
*gʷjā- (?)
tendon, nerve
*gʷon-eje/o- (?)
wound, kill
*gʷormo- (?)
warm
*gworo-
civilised
*gʷrātu- (?)
love
*gʷritu-
heat
*gʷutu-
voice
*ī
deictic particle
*i-de (??)
particle
*ijuluko- // *eluko- (??)
victory cry
*īljo-
swell?
*-ī-mā-
(verbal noun ending)
*ind-
ignite
*indo- (??)
end
*ioudo-walo-
*battle-leader
*isarno-
iron
*Isaro-
personal name
*iskā-
water
*iso-
needle
*i-tā-(je/o-) (?)
go
*itaro- (?)
ferry
*iwo-
yew
*iφāno- (??)
right
*ja (?)
thus
*jagi-
ice
*jakkito-
health
*jakko-
healthy
*jalo-
clearing
*jantu-
zeal
*jaro- (?)
chicken
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English
*jātu-
ford
*jaxtī- (?)
language
*jei (?)
pronoun
*jem-e/o- (?)
roof
*jemno-
twin
*jestā- (?)
foam
*jes-t-īn-o- (?)
bright
*jeu(j)os- (?)
younger
*jewā-
grain
*jīkkā- (??)
healing
*joini- (?)
rush
*joino-
fasting
*joudV- (??)
fight
*jowanko-
young
*jowantūt-
youth
*jugo-, *jugā- (??)
yoke
*jurko- / *jorko- (?)
deer
*justjo-
just
*juto- (??)
broth
*juw-amo- (?)
youngest
*k(ʷ)erk(ʷ)ā-
chicken
*kā(k)n-je/o- (?)
defame
*ka(n)kstikā- (?)
mare
*ka/inteklV- (??)
blanket-like garment
*kabagli-
hold
*kaballo-
horse
*kād(j)o- (?)
sacred
*kād-at-īko- (?)
angry
*kādo(s)-
anger
*kadro-
decorated
*kagi-
fence
*kagVlo- (?)
dung
*kaiko-
one-eyed
*kailā- (??)
(good) omen
*kailjāko- (?)
augur
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English
*kailomanjā- (?)
good news?
*kaini-
beautiful
*kairā-
berry
*kaito-
forest
*kajo- (?)
house
*kakkā-
excrement
*kakk-āje/o-
defecate
*kakljo- (?)
servant
*kakʷkʷjā- (???)
mattock
*kalamon- (?)
stalk
*kaldit- (?)
wood
*kaleto-
hard
*kalgā- (?)
penis
*kaljāko-
cock
*kaljāko-geidā- (?)
gander
*kaljo-
spot
*kall-es(t)ro- (??)
flint
*kalljo- (?)
testicle
*kallo-
agile
*kallukko- (?)
stallion
*kalmjo-
energetic
*kal-on-ā- (?)
heart
*kal-
spear
*kamawo- (?)
sorrow
*kamb-atsu-
bend in a river
*kambito-
felloe
*kambjo-
change
*kambo-
crooked
*kamisjā- (?)
shirt
*kamulā- (?)
female servant
*Kamulo-
god
*kan(s)to- (?)
white
*kanawon-
young animal
*kan-e/o-
sing
*kang(s)man-
step
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English
*kang-e/o- (?)
go
*kanīnā- (?)
onion
*kan-jato- (?)
singer
*kan-je/o- (??)
insult
*kankī-
branch
*kāno-, konnallo- (?) < Lat.
cane
*kansti-
conversation
*kanta (< *kth₂?)
with
*kantairV- (??)
carpenter's tool
*kantlo-
song
*kanto- (W), *kantjā- (Ir.)
host, gathering
*kantom
hundred
*kanto-meto-
hundredth
*kant-se/o- (?)
suffer
*kantV-buti- (?)
perceive
*kanxtu-
plough
*kappo-
box
*kar-a(j)e/o-
love
*karant-
friend
*kar-ant-ijo-
friendship
*kar-at-assu-
friendship
*karato-, karatāko-
pleasing
*karatu-
love
*karb-agno-
weaver's beam; gum (of teeth)
*karbanto-, *karbito- (?)
wagon
*kar-etsā-
kinswoman
*karīso-
kernel of fruit
*karjā-
blame
*karnajo- (??) (LW?)
meat
*karno-
hoof of a solid-hoofed animal
*karo- (?)
dear
*karotīno-
rowan-tree
*karrāko-
mangy
*karrek- (?)
stone
*karro-
car
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English
*karro-talī- (?)
carted manure
*kart-āje/o-
clean
*kartiljā- (?)
ball of yarn
*karw-et-ī (?)
stags
*karwo-
deer
*karφjo-, *karφimon-
shoe-maker
*kasegilo- jugo- (??)
axillary yoke
*kaskl- (???)
gathering
*kasnā- (?)
hare
*kāsni-
law
*kassarī- (?)
hail
*kassrik-
fort
*kasti-
hate
*Kasti-,-o- (?)
personal name
*kasto-
fast
*katāko-
warlike
*katarno-
brave
*kat-je/o- (?)
enjoy
*kato-
wise
*katsal-ī-, -o- (?)
armpit
*katsVnotV- (?)
piece
*katto-, *kattā-
cat
*katu-
fight
*Katu-māro-
personal name
*katu-mīlet- (mīlet- LW < Lat.)
warrior
*katu-rīgjā- (?)
battle-king
*katu-sīl-V-
caltrop (*seed of battle)
*katu-slougo-
battle-host
*katu-walo-
battle-lord
*katu-wiro-
battle-hero
*kaulljo-
post
*kawaro-
hero, giant
*kawat(o)-
shower
*kaxtā-je/o-
obtain
*kaxto-
caught, servant
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English
*kaxto-nāto-
captivity
*kaφ-e/o-
attain
*kaφno-
(sea-)harbour
*kaφro-
goat
*kaφrk-
sheep
*kebbo- (??)
garden
*kebno-
back
*kegino- (??)
back
*kei
pronoun (this)
*kei
there
*kei-
go
*kei, *ki (?)
although
*keid-e/o-
fall
*kei-e/o- (?)
cry
*keiljo-
companion
*keinV-man- (??)
lament
*keiro-
dark brown
*keissi-
furrow
*keiwo-
man
*kekīnā- (?)
green woodpecker
*kekitā- (??)
hemlock
*kekʷurā-; *kekʷari- (?)
swamp; mud, dung
*kel(j)o- (?)
death
*kelb/mV- (??)
pillar
*kel-e/o-
conceal
*kelgā-
cunning
*Kelto-, *Keltā-
ethnic name
*kelφurno-
pot
*kenetlo-
family
*keng(j)ā- (?)
rack
*kenget- (?)
warrior
*ken-je/o-
rise (from)
*kenni-
skin
*keno-
empty
*kentatā- (?)
permission
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English
*kento-gijamo-
autumn (*before winter)
*kentr- (LW < Lat. centrum ?)
thorn
*kentu- (?)
first
*ken (??)
as
*kerbbo- (?)
cut
*kerb-o-
sharp
*kerd-ā-
journey
*kerdā-
craft
*kerd-e/o-
swing
*kerdi-
step
*kerk- (??)
approach
*kerk-injo-
circle
*kerkinn- (?)
circle
*kernā-
head
*kerro-
left
*kerto-
right
*kerto- 2
short
*kerφ-e/o- (?)
hew off, mutilate
*kes-je/o- (?)
see
*kestā-
spear
*kesti- (?)
spear
*kesφil-āko- (???)
woodcock
*keternā- (?)
troop
*ketorā- (???)
pubic hair
*kewok- (??)
fog
*kī(n)srā-
comb
*kid-e/o- (?)
?
*kīkā-
meat
*kīk-āko-
meaty
*kintu-lung- (?)
hunger
*kintu-samīno-
beginning of summer
*kintu-samo-
first
*kintu-sed-o-
porch
*kirko- (??)
goal
*kīro-
clean
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English
*kistā-
basket, hurdle
*kitt- (??)
sheep
*ki-tu-
joining
*kladimo- (?)
sword
*klad-je/o-
dig
*klādo-
ditch
*klado-, klādo-
ditch
*klam-ito-
sickness
*klamo-
sick
*klanī- (?)
desire
*klāro-
table
*klaser-injo- (??)
gadfly
*klatsi- (< *klad-ti-)
groove
*klāw-je/o- (?)
close
*klāwo- (?)
nail
*kledo-
sword
*kleijo- (?)
left
*kleitā- (?)
fence
*klew-e/o-
hear
*klewos-
fame
*klijaro- (?)
lukewarm
*klit(j)o- (?)
warm
*kli-trā-
lath, fence
*kloino-
slanting
*kloker-ī (?)
rocks
*klokir-āko- (?)
rocky place
*klokjā- (?)
joke
*kloppo- (?)
lame
*klouni-
haunch
*klouni-
meadow
*kloustā-
ear
*Kloutā-
river name
*klout-e/o- (?)
put together?
*kloφni- 1
meadow
*kloφni- 2
deception
12 June 2002
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Proto-Celtic
English
*kluggā- (??)
stone
*klukko-, klukkā-
bell
*klukko-tegos-
bell-tower
*klukko-tegos-
bell-tower
*kluko-jaro- (?)
partridge
*klu-n-je/o- (?)
hear
*klus-e/o-
hear
*kluto-
famous
*knab-īje/o-
shear
*knab-jā- (?)
fleece
*knā-je/o-
bite
*knāmi-
bone
*knāto-
flesh
*knetsV-
skin
*knidā-
wound
*knokko-
hill
*knuto-
crop, produce
*knuwjā- (?)
nut
*ko(m)- (?)
prefix
*kobo-
victory
*koiljā-
thinness
*koilo-
thin
*koimo-
dear
*koin-je/o-, *kein- (?)
cry
*koisi- ?
guardian
*kokalī- (?)
distaff
*kokko-, *kokki-
red
*kolanī-
meat; corpse
*koldo-
damage
*kolgo-, kalgo- (?)
sword
*kolinno- (?)
holly
*koll-at-īk-axtā-
destruction
*koll-etā- (?)
loss
*kollo-
hazel
*kollo-
leader
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English
*kollo-
one-eyed
*kollo-
one-eyed
*kolombo- (or < Lat.?)
dove
*kolto-
nourishment
*kom-
preposition (with)
*kom-ad-reg-e/o- (?)
raise
*kom-ad-treb-o-
home
*kom-aiwestu-
of the same age
*kom-akusā- (?)
close
*kom-al-tijā-
union
*kom-altjo-
foster brother
*kom-amsterā- (?)
interval
*kom-angjo- (?)
narrow
*kom-anman-
nickname
*kom-ardu/o-talo- (??)
equal
*kom-arī- (??)
place (?)
*kom-ar-o-
joint ploughing
*kom-bāgo-
battle
*kom-bāgo- (?)
fight
*kom-ber-e/o- (?)
need, wish
*kom-bero-
confluence
*kom-berr-sag-e/o- (?)
shorten, delete
*kom-bi-n-a-
cut down
*kom-bī-to- (?)
battle
*kombo-
cover
*kom-bru-to-
mortar
*kom-buti-
community
*kom-datlā-
conference
*kom-datl-āje/o-
assemble
*kom-ed-o-
feast
*kom-elīnV-
length of fore-arm doubled
*kom-exs-dī-sed-o-
seat
*kom-exs-kar-
hostility
*kom-geistlo-
obligation
*kom-kan-jā-
a kind of metre
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English
*kom-katu-
battle
*kom-knā-(j)e/o- (?)
gnaw
*kom-kor-o-
advice
*kom-kʷeislā-
consideration
*kom-labaro-
conference
*kom-logV- (??)
in calf
*kom-lugjā-
joint oath
*kom-mannV- (??)
company
*kom-man-o- (?)
memory
*kom-mantī-
same size
*kom-mest- (< *-med-t-)
fitting
*kom-met- (pass.)
measure
*kom-mi(k)sk-e/o-
mix
*kom-netsamo-
neighbour
*kom-nixtā-(?)-
first cousin (female)
*kom-okjo-
pick-axe
*kom-oxt-āko-
rich
*kom-oxto-
power
*kom-rādo-
conversation
*kom-randā- (?)
division
*kom-ranko-
meeting
*kom-ret-e/o-
run with
*kom-rigo-
chain
*kom-rigo- (Ir., B), *kom-reigo- (W) chain secret *kom-rūno*kom-samali-
similar
*kom-ser-ī (pl.) (??)
muscle
*kom-sit-ijā- (?)
equal length
*kom-sit-ouno- (?)
as far as
*kom-sitV-
of equal length
*kom-sketlo-
tale
*kom-skʷo-
reprimand
*kom-snij-
growth
*kom-snīmo- (?)
conflict
*kom-soud-e/o- (?)
accuse
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*kom-statlo-
worth as much (< *equal standing)
*kom-stlond-
kindred
*kom-trāno-
maggot
*kom-trumb-
equal
*kom-wed-e/o-
bring along
*kom-wex-tijo- (?)
company
*kom-widu-
harmony
*kom-wiro-
right
*kom-wīro- (sic)
true
*kom-wo-lig(j)o- (?)
bedfellow
*kom-φadasto- (?)
same
*kom-φar(x)-ske/o-
ask
*kom-φari-org-no-
mistake
*kom-φro-dano- (?)
conversation
*kond-(ei)e/o- (?)
burn
*kondimon- (?)
eat
*kondo-
sense
*koneto- (??)
glory
*korajet- (?)
basket
*korb-
stain
*korbo-
wagon
*kordā-
band, host, family
*kor-eie/o-
put
*korjo-
army
*kork- ?
heron
*korkākā-
swamp
*korkjo-
oats
*kormiljā- ?
service tree
*korno-
horn
*korokasto-, *korVsto- (??)
reed
*korro-
stunted, dwarfish
*korro-
top, summit
*koslo-wido-
hazel-tree
*kostā- (??)
haunch
*kosto-korjā- (?)
retinue
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English
*kots-āje/o- (??)
scratch, itch
*kou(d)-je/o-
hide
*koud-jato- (?)
concealment
*koudo-
beat
*koudo-
concealment
*kougleno- (??)
lock of hair
*kouko-, kukā-
cuckoo
*kouno-
beautiful
*kounV- (?) < *kwonV- (??)
pack of dogs or wolves
*kourano-
shoe
*koutino- (?)
lock of hair
*kowanno- (?)
owl
*kowko- (?)
fight
*krab-
scrape
*krabidu- (?)
religion
*kragi- (??)
clear (?)
*krakko-
scab; hillock
*krakko-swijat- (?)
teal
*krākni-
sow (pig)
*krako-
stone
*krampeittV- (PBr.???)
pancakes
*kran-je/o- (?)
wallow
*krankko- (??)
crab
*krāsjano- (??)
skull
*krasrī- (?)
wasp
*krast-āje/o- (?)
bake
*krasto- (?)
dry
*krauφennā- (?)
crust
*krāφo- (?)
stable
*kred(d)-ā-
belief
*kred-dī-
believe
*kredrā-
relic
*kreikʷ-ro- (??)
rime; honey-comb
*kreitro-
sieve
*kreiwo- (?)
flesh
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English
*krekto-
wound
*kremo-, *kramo- (?)
garlic
*krettā- (??)
form
*kribbo-
fast
*krid-
shrink
*kridjo-
heart
*krigā-
cry
*kriko-
hoarse
*kriko- (?)
hoarse
*krikso-
curly
*krikso- (?!?)
curl
*krīkʷā-
border
*krīkʷ-āje/o- (?)
comb, card
*krīkʷ-īnā- (?)
rake
*krimo- (?)
strong
*krimo-tero-
strength
*kri-n-a-
split
*kri-n-e/o-
separate
*kri-n-e/o-
shake
*krīno-
withered
*krip(p)- (???)
strong
*krisso-
belt
*kris-t-āje/o- (?)
shake
*kri-t-
shake
*kri-tr-i- (?)
shaking
*krittā- (?)
frame
*kritu- (-i-?)
shaking, fever
*krīφo- (??)
basket
*kro(k)k-āno-
pot
*krobjo-
a kind of tree
*krobV- (??)
claw
*krokenā-
cockle
*krok-inā-
garment made of sheepskin
*krokk-akno- (?)
pot
*krokkenno-
back, skin
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English
*krokko-
vehement
*krokno-
back, skin
*krokV- (< Lat.) + *kʷrenno-
gallows
*krott(j)ā-je/o-
shake
*kroudi-
hard
*kroukā-
mound
*krowo- (?)
crow
*krumbano-
sickle
*krumb-āno- (?)-
sickle
*krumbo-
crooked
*krundi-
round
*kruno-tero-
roundness
*kruppelo- (??)
armoured gladiator
*kruttā-
harp
*kruwo-
hoof
*krūwo- (?)
raw
*kruwos- (?)
blood
*krknik-
grunt
*kudalo- (?)
skin
*kukko- (?)
boat
*kukro- (or *kVuro-(?))
crooked
*kuleino-
whelp
*kuli-
fly
*kūlī- (?)
corner, recess
*kuljā- (?)
storeroom
*kulmbo- (?)
thread
*kulo-
sin
*kūlo-
back
*kūlo- danto-
molar tooth
*kulor- (?)
earth-nut
*kulVm-āje/o- (?)
bind
*kumbā-
valley
*Kunagno-
personal name
*kuno- (?)
high
*kuno-darijā- (?)
anger
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English
*kuno-dar-jāko-
furious
*Kuno-gustu- ("dog"?)
personal name
*kuno-kʷenno-
dog-head
*Kuno-māro- ("dog")
personal name
*Kuno-walo-
personal name
*Kurkagno- (?)
personal name
*kurmen- (?)
beer
*kurmi-tegos-
ale-house
*kuro- (?)
circle
*kurro- < *kurso- (?)
corner
*kuruko-
boat
*kusk-āje/o-
sleep
*kusko- (??)
sleep
*kutV-
scrotum
*kuwo-
young animal
*kuzdro-
anus, rectum
*kuφlā- (???)
burden
*kuφnā-
heap
*kʷa(s)ir (??)
why
*kʷākʷo-
all, every
*kʷal-e/o-
dig
*kʷalo- (?)
spade
*kʷan-
when
*kʷā-nī
not?
*kʷani (??)
when
*kʷanto- (?)
valley
*kʷar-je/o-
make
*kʷarjo-
kettle
*kʷarφo- (?)
spear
*kʷasto-
cough
*kʷasto-
plait
*kʷāti-
winnow
*kʷe
and
*kʷe
relative particle
*kʷe-ageti (???)
if; or
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Proto-Celtic
English
*kʷebro- (??)
clear
*kʷei
to where
*kʷei(-jo)
who
*kʷeillā-
understand
*kʷeisl-jato- (?)
intention
*kʷeislo-
gather
*kʷekʷ-
cook
*kʷekʷro-
strong
*kʷekʷ-to-
cooked, hot
*kʷekʷto-
strength
*kʷelatri- (?)
post
*kʷel-s-o- (?)
far
*kʷenkʷ(e)to-
fifth
*kʷenkʷe
five
*kʷenkʷe-dekan
fifteen
*kʷenkʷ-kont- (??)
fifty
*kʷenkʷ-wiro-
five people
*kʷenn-axto-
ruling
*kʷenno-
head
*kʷenno-galo- (?)
pain in the head (??)
*kʷenno-glīno- (?)
knee
*kʷenno-kouxso- (??)
hood
*kʷenno-mīk-ā- (??)
jealousy
*kʷenno-rigo-
halter
*kʷenno-rindo- (?)
cape
*kʷenno-tamīko-
lord
*kʷenno-windo-
white-headed
*kʷentīlo- (??)
stable
*kʷerk-eno- (??)
owner
*kʷerkʷ-t- (?)
bush, hedge
*kʷer-nā-
vessel
*kʷero-
purchase (noun)
*kʷeti
how many
*kʷeti- (??)
how many
*kʷetr-anī(-) (?)
(hind)quarter (?)
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Proto-Celtic
English
*kʷetru-
four-
*kʷetru-meto- (Ir.), *kʷetwarjo- (G fourth piece *kʷetti- (?) *kʷetweres (m.), *kʷetesres (f.)
four
*kʷinnako- (??)
(who/what)soever
*kʷin-u- (?)
blame
*kʷi-ow- (??)
whose is
*kʷīt- (??)
penis
*kʷlan(n)tā- (?)
descendants
*kʷo-, *kʷe-
interrogative
*kʷokʷ-er- (?)
baker
*kʷokʷo-tegos-
bakery
*kʷol-ō
car
*kʷonton- (?)
boat??
*kʷoud-e/o- (?)
go
*kʷowitso- (??)
rest
*kʷowitso-magos- (?)
resting-place
*kʷranno- (?)
tree
*kʷreid-, *kʷrīd- (?)
clay
*kʷrendo-galā- (?)
fight with spears?
*kʷrestjo-
copse
*kʷrimi-
worm
*kʷrina-
buy
*kʷristo-
grove, wood
*Kʷritenjā-
ethnic name
*kʷrit-er-āje/o- (?)
consider, look after
*kʷritero- (?)
care?
*kʷrit-jo- (?)
poet
*kʷrito-
poetry
*kʷrīto-
expensive
*kʷritu-
form
*kʷu (?)
to
*kwū, *kun-
dog
*kʷus- (??)
preposition (until)
*kʷuts (?)
where, how
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English
*l(e)i-je/o-
insult
*l(e)nt-ro-
smooth, shining
*lā-(j)e/o- (?)
send
*labar-aje/o- (?)
speak
*ladgo- (-ā-?) (?)
snow
*laggo- (??)
slack
*lagīnā-
spear
*lagisamo- (??)
least
*lagj-āno- (?)
nun
*lagu- (?)
small
*laid-je/o- / *loid-je/o-
insult
*lak-ā-
bend
*laknet- (?)
shirt
*laku- (?)
lake
*landā-
surface (?)
*land-erkā- (??)
clearing
*langos- (?)
insult
*langsman- (?)
jump
*lang-sman-īko-
jumping
*lannā- (??)
scale
*lannā- (-nd-?)
grill
*largo-
generous
*lāro- (??)
only, alone
*lasko-, lesko-
slack
*las-ni-
greedy
*lat-
day
*latākā-, *latjo-
mud
*lati-
liquor
*lāto-
lust
*lātro-
trousers
*laudo-
saying
*lawenjā-
happiness
*laweno- (?)
happy
*laweno-sag-e/o-
rejoice
*lawero- (?)
enough
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Proto-Celtic
English
*lawo-
water
*laxsaro-
flame
*laxto- (or LW < Lat.?)
milk
*le(n)gʷ- ??
eat
*le(φ)mo- (?)
voice
*leg-ā- / -o-
place
*leg-e/o-
lie
*leg-e/o-, lexto-
melt
*leg-je/o- (??)
tear
*leg-jo-
bed
*leg-jo-
grave
*legos-
bed
*legu- (?)
small
*lei(φ?)mā-
linden
*leig-(j?)e/o-, *lig-a-
lick
*leigā-
spoon
*lei-ko-
cross
*leino-
fields
*leino-
soft
*leiri- (?)
complete
*lekkā- (??)
binding
*lemrixto- (??)
sweet milk
*lengro- (?)
intestinal worm
*lenkʷ-je/o- (?)
leave
*lergo- (?)
path, track
*lesanjo- (?)
shirt
*lestro-
pot
*leto-biwo-
half alive
*leto-kʷenno-
cheek
*letos-
half
*letos-
side
*letro-
leather
*lettrek- (?)
hill
*leugā- (?)
league
*Leuketjo- (/ *-ou-)
personal name
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English
*leuko-
white
*lewo- (??) (< Lat.?)
lion
*lexsk-jo- (?)
weakness
*lexsko- (?)
sluggish, languid
*lexsowjo-
slant
*lexto-
bed
*lexto-
death
*lī(φ)agi- (??)
doctor
*liguru- (?)
tongue
*lijank- (??)
stone
*lījant-
flood, sea
*likkon- (?)
cheek
*likʷ(kʷ)i- (??)
similar
*limo-
elm
*līmo-
flood
*li-n-a-
stick to
*lī-no-
pus
*līno- (?)
linen
*linom (?)
blot, erasure
*liro- (?)
sea
*lisd-
slide
*list(V)nabed- (???)
phlegm
*listo-
nickname
*līto-
feast
*litsu-
disgust
*līweto- (??)
host
*līwo(s)-
colour
*lixto-
bait
*lo(x)-ske/o- (?)
burn
*lo(x)-sk-et-īko- (?)
burnt; burning
*lo(x)-sk-o- (?)
burn
*lo(x)sman- (?)
swallow
*logā-
grave
*log-e/o- (?)
obtain
*log-eje/o-
melt
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Proto-Celtic
English
*loigo- (??)
calf
*lok- (?)
blame
*lomb(a)ro- (?)
bare, bald
*long-(e)je/o- (?)
jump
*lonko- (?)
cave
*lono-
elk (?, CW)
*lord-skāko- (??)
lame-footed
*lorgo-
stick
*lorgo- / *lurgo- (??)
track
*losko-
lame
*losto-, *lostā-
tail
*lostV-
tail
*lou(k)bro- (?)
light
*loudetā- / *louditā-
tiredness
*loudjā-
lead
*loud-o-
hindrance
*loukarnā-
light, lamp
*loukno- / *louxsno- (?)
light
*loukno- / *louxsno- (?)
moon
*louko-
white
*lous- (?)
louse
*lou-sk-e/o- (?)
drag
*lou-ske/o- (?)
shake
*lousk-o-
dragging
*louts-ā- (?)
bilberries
*loutwi-
ashes
*lowano- (?)
dirt
*lowatro-
bath
*lu/isφ-ant- (???)
toad, frog
*lubi-gorto-
garden
*lubjo- (?)
herb, plant
*lubro-
coward
*lubro- (sic)
weak
*lud-e
go
*lug-
deceive
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Proto-Celtic
English
*lugjo-, *lugo-
oath
*lug-rā-
moon
*lug-rā/o-kando-
moonlight
*Lugu-
god
*lukato-
eye
*luko-
black
*luko-
bright
*luko-
lake
*lukot-
mouse
*lumanā- (??)
rope
*lummo-
bare, naked
*lungā- / *longā- (?)
pot
*lustu- / *luxsu-
herb, plant
*lutā-
mud
*lutno- (?)
(young) animal
*lūto-
anger
*luttā-
whore
*luwijo- (??)
rudder
*luxtaro- (?)
boat (made from bark)
*luxterjo- (?)
wrestler
*luφerno-
fox
*lwak(k)V- (??)
stone
*lno- ?? (cf. lono-)
sheep
*m(e)nt-lā-
stomach, intestines
*m(w)eido- (??)
fame
*ma/ekno- (??) / *mīnV- (??)
mouth
*mad-je/o- (?) (sic)
break
*mag-e/o-
increase
*maged- (?)
press
*magesīno- (?)
fat
*maginjāko- (Ir.), *magino- (G.)
big
*mag-injo-
place
*magjo-
big
*maglo-
noble
*Magon-
great
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Proto-Celtic
English
*magos-
field
*magu- (not *mogu-)
servant
*magu-essā- (?)
girl, woman
*magutaxtā- (??)
virgin(ity)
*mailjā-
baldness
*mai-lo-
bald
*mailo-
bald
*maini- (??)
gift
*māji-samo-
most
*mājos-
larger
*makajā- (??)
plain
*mak-e/o-
nourish
*makīnā-
bellows
*makko- (?)
surety
*makljo- (?)
insult
*maKnV- (??)
stone
*makro-
finger
*makʷ(kʷ)-agno-
baby
*makʷ(kʷ)o-
son
*makʷ-īno-
youth
*malag- (?)
brow
*malasdr-ī- (???)
chilblain
*malawo-
soft
*maljo-
evil
*malk(ʷ)-(āj)e/o- (?)
rot
*mallo-
depraved
*mallo-
slow
*mallo- (?)
member
*malwā- < Lat.?
mallow
*malxjon- (?)
clover
*malxwit- (?)
skylark
*mammā-
mother
*mammo-maxtā- (?)
nurse
*manako- (?)
information
*manatlo-
sheaf, spray of flowers (?)
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Proto-Celtic
English
*manatlo- (?)
hand
*mandā(ri)-
stain
*mando- (??)
ounce (*alone)
*mangā-
deception
*mantalo-
road (pounded earth)
*mantī-
size
*mantī-
size
*mantjon- (?)
opinion
*manto- (??) (Ir. LW < Br.?)
jaw
*mantr-e/o- (?)
trample
*mar-e/o- (?)
remain
*margā-
marl
*margi- (?)
woe
*mārjeito- (?)
thigh
*mark-āko-
horseman, knight
*marko-, *markā-
horse
*marko-brano-
male raven
*māro-
large
*maro- (??)
care
*marwo-
dead
*marwo-natā-
elegy
*māsdā- (?)
pig
*masdjo-
pole
*mastjā-
food
*māsto- (?)
rear
*mat- (?)
throw
*mat- /mad- (??)
remit
*matajo- (??)
futile
*mati-
good
*mātīr
mother
*māto-
finger
*mātṛkʷā-
aunt
*mātronā-
matron
*matu-
bear
*maukni- (??)
bog
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English
*māwamV-, *māwatī- (?)
handful
*maxt-(āj?)-e/o-
slaughter
*max-tr-īn-
foster
*me (, *mī?)
pronoun (I)
*meblo-
dishonour
*med-alo- (?)
soft
*med-e/o- (?)
be able
*med-e/o- (?)
say
*med-e/o- (?)
sin
*med-je/o-
measure
*medjo-, *medi°
middle
*medjo-samīno-
June (*middle of summer)
*med-o- (?)
power
*medu-
mead
*medwo-
drunk
*meidjo-
nape
*meini- (?)
metal
*meino-
desire, enjoyment
*meino-klādo- (?)
mine
*meisalko-
blackbird
*meistV- (??) (LW?)
basket
*meldu- (?)
tender
*mel-e/o-, *mal-e/o- (?)
grind
*melgo-
death
*melgos-
milk
*meli(t)-
honey
*melino-
yellow
*melisti- (?, -st- < *-tt-)
sweet
*mell-e/o-
err
*mello-
hill
*mello-
lump, ball
*meltā- (sic)
lightning
*men(e) (?)
my
*mendo- (?)
goat
*menekk-
much
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Proto-Celtic
English
*menman-
sense
*men-m-ito- (?)
joy
*men-n- (?)
remain
*menn-agno- (?)
young animal
*men-n-dh-e/o- (?)
want
*mennisāko- (??)
kid
*mens- / *mets-ūr- (?)
measure
*mento- (/*manto-)
thinking
*menw(o)-
small
*menwo-
small
*mergā- (?)
wrinkle
*mergi- (??)
rust
*mergijo- (?)
slow
*mergjā- (?)
banner
*merkā-
daughter
*mero-
mulberry
*mert-
arrange, notice
*merV- (??)
insane
*merVljo- (?)
theft
*merwi-
soft
*mesgā-
whey
*mesko-
drunk
*messu-
acorn
*met-e/o-
mow
*metelā-
group of mowers
*mett-
lack
*metto-
failure
*mewe *toutā-
people
*Teuto-walo-
personal name
*tew(j)o- (?)
strength
*text-(e)je/o-
obtain
*teφent-
hot
*teφnet-, *taφnet- (?)
fire
*teφsmo- (??)
hot
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English
*teφstu-
heat
*tigern-āko-
royal
*tigern-atsu- (?)
kingdom
*tigerno-
ruler
*tīr(r)os-
land
*tīr-jon- (?)
lands
*tīrro-
land
*tisres
three (f.)
*tjeg-e/o- (?)
throw
*tlakmo-
handful of wool
*tlā-ti-
soft
*tlaxto-
dress
*tli-na-
steal
*tluk-
speak
*tlu-tsu- (?)
property, wealth
*to (?)
yes
*to- (?)
pronoun
*tog-eje/o-
cover
*togi-
pleasant
*togo-, etc.
cover
*toibos- (?)
side
*tokʷi-(ko-) (?)
natural
*tol-(e)je/o- (?)
sleep
*tonakā- (?)
cloak
*tonno-galo- (?)
surge of waves
*tonno-garā- (?)
surge of waves
*torano-
thunder
*toraw- (?)
hit
*torjVnā-
wheat
*torko-
plait
*tor-s-āko- (?)
pregnant
*torx-s-e/o-
break
*tougā-
axe
*toumā- (??)
haunch?
*tousto-
left
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English
*towo (?)
your
*tra(n)nk-
leave
*trāg-je/o-
pull
*trag-jo- (Br.), *trāgjo- (Ir.)
ebb
*trajā- (???)
matter
*trakk-e/o- (??)
push
*trāno-
sprig of grass
*trans-min-(n-)d-e/o- (?)
go past
*tranto-
troop
*traskl-
thrush
*trāto-
weak (?)
*trātso- (?)
strong
*trātt- (??)
threshold
*traxtu-
shore
*treb-nā- (?)
house (?)
*trebo-
house
*trei, *tri
through
*treid- (?)
bore
*trejo-djo-
three times
*trekki- (??)
quick
*trento- (??)
herd
*tresko- (?)
emission
*tretso- (?)
battle
*trex-samo- (?)
strongest
*trexsamo- (?)
strongest
*trexsno-
bold
*trexso-
stronger
*tri-
three-
*tri- (?)
intensive particle
*trigjo- (??)
music
*trijano- (?)
a third
*trijaton- (??)
sea
*trīko-
abode
*trī-kont-es
thirty
*trimo- (??)
intensive particle
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English
*trimo-dijo- (?)
(on) the day after tomorrow
*trīns (Acc. pl.)
three (m.)
*tris(tos)
thrice
*tristo-
third
*tritjo-
third
*tri-tuxslo- (?)
pierced
*tro-e/o- (?)
turn
*troget- (?)
foot
*trog-o- (?)
descendant
*tro-jato-
rotation
*trok(ʷ)alo- (?)
sling
*trokk-
bathe
*troktā-
lye
*trosd-, trosdejā- (?)
starling
*troug-agno-
miserable, weak
*trougjā-
misery
*trougo-
miserable
*trougo-karjā-
mercifulness
*trougo-karo-
compassionate
*tru(d)smo- (?)
heavy
*trud-ske/o-
oppress
*truds-ko-
leprosy
*trugnā-
nose
*trukko-
wretched, evil
*truk-s-e/o-
cut
*trusto- (?)
noise
*truzd-e/o-
fight
*trns
over
*tū
you
*tu (?)
to
*tu (?)
your (sg.)
*tū-(tu-)
defend
*tu-(φro-)slī-je/o-
deserve
*tu-(φro-)slī-je/o-
deserve
*tu, *tu-
preposition (*to)
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English
*tu-/dī-ande-mon-(ej)e/o- (?)
send
*tu-ad-kʷar-e/o-
prepare
*tu-ag-e/o-
come
*tu-ag-e/o-
come
*tu-ambi-
prefix
*tu-ambi-org-(t-)
restrict
*tu-ari-ambi-ret-e/o-
frequent
*tu-ari-bū-
finish
*tu-ari-kʷar-e/o-
prepare
*tu-ari-māro- (?)
very large
*tu-ati-
prefix
*tu-ati- (W), *dī-ati (Br.) + -ande-so reclaim (?) bright *tu-ati-ganī- (?) *tu-ati-kʷrina-
buy back
*tu-ati-wid-(o-?)
happy
*-tud-e/o-
fall
*tu-dī-mi-na-
attach
*tu-exs-sek-e/o-
cut, bite
*tu-gus-e/o-
choose
*tu-gustu-
choice
*tuknā-, *tūkno-
anus
*tu-kom-ber-e/o-
take
*tu-lexto- (?)
lock
*tu-mat- (?)
threaten
*tumb-e/o-
dunk
*tumbo- (?)
hill
*tum-e/o-
swell, grow
*tu-mentV-
eager
*tum-o-
growth
*tundā- (?)
wave
*tung-e/o- (?)
swear
*tunketo- (?)
luck
*tunnā-/*tonnā-
skin
*turb-
noise
*tu-ret-e/o-
come
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*turi(t)-
tower
*turko-
boar (pig)
*turno-
height
*tu-soud-e/o- (?)
appease
*tus-tV- (Gall., B), *teus-t- (W, B)
*heap (?)
*tu-swend-n-e/o-
pursue
*-tūti-
suffix (abstracts)
*tu-uφer-mog-eje/o- (?)
increase
*tu-uφo-
prefix
*tu-wed-ī- (?)
marry
*tu-westu-
leading
*tu-wistāko-
leader
*tuxslo-
hollow
*tu-φari-mi(x)-sk-o-
conflict?
*tu-φro-da-
give
*tkslo-
axe
*tmbal- (?)
insult
*u(φ)o-kel-e/o-
care for
*ud-
out
*udeskio- (?)
water
*udro- (?)
grey
*ud-s-
prefix
*uk(k?)
sigh
*ukni-
leisure
*Ulkā-gno-
personal name
*uman (???)
here
*ūrā- ? / *ugrā- ?
earth
*ūro-
green
*utso-
water
*uxs-(i)samo-
highest
*uxsen-
ox
*uφer-, *uφor- (?)
over
*uφer-dworestu- (,-ustu- ?)
door
*Uφer-gustu-
personal name
*uφer-kʷenno-
end
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*uφo(-)
under
*uφo-ber-e/o-
carry
*uφo-dama-je/o-
suffer
*uφo-dāto-
sediment
*uφo-dī-
put down
*uφo-gaisu-
spear
*uφo-gnī-je/o-
serve
*uφo-gʷedjā-
request
*uφo-jes-
ferment
*uφo-klijā-
north
*uφo-lauto- (?)
riches
*uφo-law-e/o-
wash over (cf. rain)
*uφo-log-eje/o- (?)
hide
*uφo-mantjon-
perceiving
*uφo-men-āko-
hope, desire
*uφo-menāko-
desire
*uφo-nes-eje/o- (?)
set (of sun)
*uφo-ouno- (?)
clothes (gown)
*uφo-ret-e/o-
run
*uφor-ewo- (?)
excellent
*uφor-mantī- (??)
jealousy
*uφor-mestā-
oppression
*uφor-textan-
help
*uφo-skāto-, *-ā-
shade
*uφo-stato-
stable
*uφo-ster-n-a-
spread
*uφo-tronketu- (?)
bath
*Vuro-, *airo- (???)
cold
*w(o)-ank-ā- (?)
greed
*w(V)r-ī- (?)
sew
*wa(x)-ske/o-
press
*wagīnā-
sheath
*wāg-nā-
heath
*wagno-
slope, field
*wai (?)
alas
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English
*waidu- (?)
cry
*waili-
lowly
*wailī- (??) (-kū )
wolf
*wailot-
floor
*wail-ot- (?)
bottom
*wait-āk-injā-
blood pudding
*waito-
blood
*wako-
empty
*walatro-
ruler
*wāleti- (?)
glad
*wāletjā-
joy
*wali- (?)
cover
*walik-
ring
*walli-
negligence
*wallo-
bad
*-walo-
powerful
*wālo-
wall
*wal-o- (?)
leader
*wālo- (?)
light
*walto- (?)
hair (on head)
*wambā-
uterus
*wandā-
tear
*wan-ī- (?)
slaughter
*wan-injo-
bee (*stinger)
*wankjo- (?)
post
*wannV-sag-e/o-
grow weak
*wanso-
hair
*wāro-
hero
*warros-
pillar
*warto-
clothes
*wasanteino- (??)
spring
*wāsri-
dawn
*wāsto-
empty
*wāti-
poet
*wāto-
poem
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English
*waxt-isamo-
worst
*waxto- (??)
bad
*waxto-ratā- (?)
action, deed
*webru-
amber
*wed(il)o-
yoke
*wed-e/o-
lead
*wedīlo- (??)
leave (?)
*weg-ā- (Br.), *weg-jā- (Ir.)
weaving
*weg-e/o- (?)
say
*weg-je/o- (?)
weave
*wegno-
wagon
*wegro-
grass
*wei(φ?)lo- (?)
chaste
*weid-
know
*weid-e/o-
tell
*weid-o-
knowledge?
*weido-
face
*weido-
wild
*weido-gwalo- (?)
bush
*weido-mokku-
wild pig
*weidon-
witness
*weiko-
debt
*weiko- (??)
raven
*weil-er-jo- (?)
calendar of religious festivals
*weili- (??)
feast
*weil-ijā- (?)
honesty
*weiman-
chain
*wein-e/o- (?)
plunder
*weino- (??)
hero
*weiro-
crooked
*weiso-
fluid, river
*weit-, *wit(-enn-)
thread
*wejā- (?)
twig
*wej-e/o-
fence in
*wekk- (?)
bend
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*wekkā- (?)
spade
*wel-e/o-
see
*welet- (?)
seer, poet
*wella- (?)
press
*wellamo- (??)
shears
*wellawno- (sic)
personal name
*wello-
better
*welo-, wello-
deceit
*weltV- (-i-?)
grass
*wel-we/o- (?)
turn
*welwo- (PBr.)
greyish-white
*wenā-
love
*wendu-
hair on the head
*wenjā-
relationship
*wennālo- ??
swallow
*wer(t)amo-
highest
*wera-
rain
*weran(o)- (?)
land
*werbā-
?
*werbā- (?)
blister
*werd-e/o- (?)
say
*wer-e/o-
find
*wergā-
anger
*werg-je/o- (?)
work
*werg-o-
lively
*werito- (??)
earth
*werito-rigā- (?)
land
*werk-ā- (Ir.), *kom-wark- (?) (Br.)
hemp
*werno- 2 (sic)
mast
*werno-, *wernā-
alder
*wero-
tallow
*werro(s)-
raised
*wertā-(je/o-)
turn
*wertito-
spindle
*wert-jo-
burial mound
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English
*werto-
worth, value
*wertrā-
fort
*weru- (?)
far
*wes-e/o- (??)
eat
*weskʷro-, uskʷro- (??)
evening
*wes-n-a- (?)
flay
*wesrom (?)
pronoun (your (pl.))
*westi-
eat
*westi-
stay
*wesu- (, wīsu-?)
good
*weswo- (??) // *wikko-
excellent
*wet-e/o-
say
*weto-
air
*wetsi-
sow (pig)
*wextā-
journey
*wi- (?)
song
*widā-
sight
*wid-ālo-
fair
*wido-φeto- (??)
midge
*widu-
wood
*widu-bijo- (?)
bill-hook
*widu-kʷeillā- (??)
boardgame
*widwā-
widow
*wija-l-injā-
twig
*wīk-ā- (?)
fight
*wikantī
twenty
*wik-ari- (?)
fierce
*wik-e/o-
fight
*wīkk- (qPBr.)
squeak
*wīko-, *wīku-
village
*wiltV- (??)
wild
*wimmāni- ??
seaweed
*wind-e/o-
find
*wind-jāto- (?)
whiting
*windo-
white
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English
*windo-b(w)ijo-
luck (lit. 'white world'
*windo-kolno-
white hazel
*windo-leito-
greyish white
*Windo-magos-
place name
*windo-seibaro- (?)
personal name (Guinevere) (*white g
*windo-tero-
whiteness
*winkʷ- (???)
excellent
*winto- (?)
wind
*wirano- (?)
land ?
*wird- (??)
green
*wīrjā-
truth
*wīrjānjā- (?)
truth
*wīrjāno-
truthful, just
*wiro-
man
*wīro-
true
*wiro-jowanko-
young man
*wiro-sito- (?) (or wor-)
fathom
*wirowjo-
male
*wi-s- (??)
anger
*wīs-kā- < PIE *ēs-kā-
clothes
*wīs-kā-je/o-
dress
*wīso-
poison
*wī-ti-
food
*wi-t-no- (?)
tough
*wīto-
feast
*witsu-
knowing
*witt(ā)- (?)
vein
*wiwo-
withered
*wix-sk-ī-mo- (?)
turbulent; ripe (of nuts)
*wixtā-
fight
*wlanā-
wool
*wlati-
rule
*wlat-īko-
lord
*wlato-
lord
*wlidā-
feast
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English
*wlido-
mild
*wlido-
stalks
*wlid-V-māro-
having great feasts
*wlikʷu-
wet
*wlikʷ-uro- (?)
liquid
*wliskā- (??)
rod
*wlixso-
liquid
*wlix-to/i-
dew
*wo-beutsā- (?)
human lip
*wo-brig-V- (?)
noble
*wo-dagī- (??)
intention
*wo-dāl-
separate (?)
*wod-eje/o- (?)
lead, bring
*wo-durdo- (?)
noise
*wodwo-
booty of weapons
*wo-exs-korjo-
retinue
*wo-exs-med-e/o-
refuse
*wo-gar-o-
sound
*woglo- (??)
urine
*wogman- (??)
noise
*wo-gnī-t-āje/o-
serve
*wo-gnī-t-āko-
servant
*wogro- (?)
sound
*woid-eje/o-
send
*wo-kāno-
excellent
*wo-kom-sreto- (??)
care
*wo-kom-φar(x)-ske/o-
request
*wo-kubā-
cave
*wo-kumā- (?)
cave
*wo-kʷeislā-je/o-
consider
*wo-kʷr-o- (?)
prize
*wo-leg-jo-
bed
*wo-legjo-butā- (qPCl.)
childbed
*wo-legjo-dind-o- (?)
grave
*wolgo- (?)
abundance
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English
*wolījo-, *uφolījo- (??)
wound
*wolīs-āje/o- (?)
wound
*wolk-e/o-, -eje/o-
wash
*Wolko-, *Wolkā-
ethnic name (lit. 'wolf' or 'hawk')
*wol-n-a- (?)
rule
*wo-log-o-
cover
*wo-losk-e/o- (?)
burn
*wo-lougV- (?)
light
*wo-lou-t-āko-
rich
*wo-luk-o-
seeing, sight
*wo-lu-n-g-e/o-
suffer, bear
*wo-luxtu- (?)
cooked meat
*wo-menndh-e/o- (?)
ask
*wo-mlū- (??)
lip
*wo-nixto-
wheat
*wor- < *uφor-
over
*wor-alt-ā- (?)
steep cliff
*wor-ambi-texto-
walk around
*wor-anman-
additional name
*wor-ber-t-
increase
*wor-di(n)g- (?)
oppress
*wor-dubu-
very dark
*wor-dworutsā- (?)
door
*wo-rem-e/o- (?)
put, place
*wo-ret-e/o-
help
*wo-reto-wir-
saviour
*wo-retsu- (?)
dwelling
*wor-gar-ī- (?)
neigh
*wor-glatso-
very blue/green
*worīnā-, -ī- ?
host
*wor-kan-e/o-
teach
*wor-kantl-(j)ato-
teacher
*wor-kom-mendn-o- (?)
command
*wor-kor-jo-
lid
*wor-kretV- (?)
surplus
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*wor-kʷeisl-āko-
insane
*wor-lanwV- (?)
high tide
*wor-laweno- (?)
overjoyed
*wor-limn-e/o- (?)
stroke
*wor-līno- (?)
great number
*wor-ment-āko- (?)
high-spirited
*wor-monijo-
rise
*wor-nerto-
very powerful
*wor-od-ber-o-
additional work
*wo-rouno- (?)
noise
*wor-sang-e/o-
trample
*wor-sell-ī- (?)
look-out (?)
*wor-tam-īno-
highest
*wor-tek-o- (?)
cattle
*wor-tero- < *wer-tero-
noble (?)
*wor-tog(j)o-
cover
*wor-trumbo- (?)
very heavy
*wor-wed-e/o- (??)
lie
*worko- (??)
curve
*wo-sal-jaxto- (?)
chieftain
*wo-sed-ī-
daughter-in-law
*wo-sista-mV-
protection
*wo-stā-n-axto-
service
*wosto- / *uφo-sto- (?)
subordinate
*wosφī- (??)
wasp
*wot-(ej)e/o- (?)
deny
*wotan-, wotn- (??)
floor
*wo-tekʷ-o-
hiding-place
*wo-tig (?)
preposition (after)
*wo-tīro- (?)
piece of land
*wo-tlukk-eitV- (??)
prayer
*wot-o- (?)
denial
*wo-trīk-e/o- (?)
stay
*wo-trog-eje/o- (?)
milk
*wo-wādu- (??)
daughter-in-law
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English
*Wo-xel- (PBr.) < PCl. *?
avoid
*woxtlo-
word
*wozd-o-
length
*wradjo-, *wradmu- (???)
root
*wrag-ā- (?)
do
*wragi-
fence
*wrak-ī- (?)
woman
*wrak-istu- (?)
belt
*wrakkā- [1]
woman
*wrakkā- [2] (?)
needle
*wrang-e/o- (?)
go
*wrastā-
rainshower
*wridmā- (?)
root
*wrigantī-
worm
*wrikk- (??)
spark
*wrikku- (??)
bristle
*wrimbo- (??)
seam
*wriskī- (?)
branch
*writ(i)
against
*writ-kom-φar(x)-ske/o-
ask
*writ-ouxsero- (?)
evening
*writ-tung-e/o-
counter-swear
*wroiko-
heath
*wudw-o-/-āko-
neck
*wujilano- (??)
gull
*φ(e)ku
cattle
*φagli- (?)
pleasant
*φaglo-
brood
*φaksajo- (wrong)
shoe
*φalek-
rock
*φallo-
rock
*φaltani- (-ī-?)
shearing knife
*φalto-
joint
*φanā-
bog
*φanawo-
harmony
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English
*φani-
bread
*Φanon-
goddess
*φar- (?)
seek
*φar(a)
before
*φar(i)-??nekʷo-
defence
*φar(i)-ausjo-
temple
*φarast- (?)
old
*φarejā-
waking, attention
*φā-r-eje/o- (?)
to graze
*φargo-, *φargjo- (?)
drop
*φari-
by
*φari(-)kʷenn-ī
(be)for(e)
*φari-ambi-metsu- (< *-med-tu-)
prophecy
*φari-ber-e/o-
enjoy
*φari-denajo-
sign
*φari-derk-i-
clear
*φari-gal-ā-
vigour
*φarikā- (?)
concubine
*φari-kan-e/o-
lament
*φari-kel-o-
secluded place
*φari-kleid-essā- (??)
lady
*φari-kom-ari- (?)
opposite
*φari-koru-
throw
*φari-kʷennīko-
lord
*φari-linkʷ-je/o-
lend
*φari-med-it-o- (?)
intention
*φari-moilo-
bald
*φari-morikā-
± Britanny
*φari-nask-e/o-
tie
*φari-sestā-
belief
*φari-sosto-
stern of ship
*φari-stei-tu- (?)
terror
*φari-tero-
east
*φari-wets(r)V- (?) (< *-wed-t-)
string
*φari-widjo-
sign
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*φari-wid-V
according to
*φari-wo-stā- (?)
so that the more
*φari-xtā- (??)
assembly
*φarjāno-
watchman
*φarkunjo-
mountain
*φarostāti- (?)
beforehand
*φarsk-e/o-
ask
*φartuli- (???)
miscarriage
*φat-amā- (?)
hand
*φatamā- (?)
thread
*φatanāko-
winged
*φatano-
wing
*φatīr
father
*φatnā- (or *φānā-?)
pot
*φatrjā-
paternal line
*φāts-e/o- (??)
grow
*φed- (?)
go
*φedenno-
ivy
*φedo-m
period
*φeimi-
quick
*φeisko-
fish
*φell-
bury
*φelu-
many
*φelukko- (??)
joy
*φen- (?)
clothe
*φend-e/o-
go
*φenk-īnjo-
salmon
*φeno-
water
*φent-e/o-
reach
*φer(i)- (?)
intensive
*φeratu- (?)
fear
*φerejo- (??)
now
*φeri
because of
*φeri-
beyond
*φeri-en-stā- (?)
faith
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*φeri-jāl-āje/o-
ask
*φerk-e/o-
fill
*φerko-
fearful
*φerko-
speckled
*φerrāko-
spring
*φerut(i)
last year
*φesalo- ?
brood
*φeskūti- (?)
shoe
*φes-tamo- (??)
rope, belt
*φesti-
fall
*φet-e/o-
fly
*φetno-
bird
*φetro-
bird
*φet-t- (??)
wing
*φib-e/o-
drink
*φidon-
birthpangs
*φikto-
angry, hostile
*φīntotāt- (?)
thirst
*φit-e/o-
eat
*φīts-otV (?)
under
*φitu-
grain
*φitu-landā-
threshing floor
*φiturnajo- (??)
rushlight, candle
*φī-wer-jō(n)
earth, land
*Φīwerjon-
Ireland
*φlā-(j)e/o-
fold
*φlāmā-
hand
*φlāmo-wetsV- (?)
sleeve
*φlāmo-φro-d-ā- (?)
gift
*φlandi- (?)
bright
*φlang-se/o-
beat violently
*φlānjā-
fullness
*φlā-no-
plain
*φlāno-
full
*φlanwo-
flood, filling
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*φlāro-
floor
*φlātro-
arrangement
*φleito-
grey
*φlew-jo-
ruler, helmsman
*φlīdos- (?)
mob
*φlī-jās-āko-
numerous
*φlī-jes-
multitude
*φlīn-e/o-
fill
*φlinnā-
cloak
*φlitanjā-
width
*φlitano-
wide
*φlitawjā-
*coastland
*φlitawjā-
Armorica
*φlitjā-
shoulderblade
*φlito-
width
*φlit-(-je/o)-
expand
*φloud-eje/o- (?)
drive
*φlou-e/o- (?)
move fast
*φloug(-mani?)-
fly
*φnek-
gasp
*φo- (??)
preposition (from)
*φodjo-
journey
*φoikit-
guest
*φoklo-
bind
*φolgo- (?)
track
*φolkā-
cultivated (*ploughed) land
*φolwo- (??)
dust
*φomonajo- (?)
oak
*φono- (?)
water
*φorko-
pig
*φorko-
salmon
*φotiko-
lord
*φotlo-
drink
*φougo-
whole?
*φoulwan- (?)
ash
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*φoumat- (?)
hole
*φoutanjā- (??)
newborn?
*φoutato- (?)
singularity
*φowen-o- (-ī-) (?)
foam
*φragjo-
lewd
*φrāk-initsV- (?)
adjacent island
*φrāk-or-āje/o- (?)
lead, surpass
*φrāko-φro-widā-
honour
*φrand-jato- (?)
giver
*φrat-je/o- (?)
perceive
*φreimo-
before (Br. king)
*φrijarā-
wish
*φrijo-
free
*φrik(k)o-
furrow
*φrimo- (?)
before
*φri-n-e/o-
sell
*φriskā-
fart
*φrit-gʷani- (?)
counter-strike
*φritu-
crossing
*φritu-
ford
*φro
too
*φro-
particle (*before)
*φro-an-n-k-e/o-
reach
*φro-be/oud-o- (?)
notice
*φro-ber-tī- (?)
flood
*φro-budo-
order
*φro-dā- (?)
gift
*φro-gen-eies (?)
parents
*φro-mik-o- (?)
valour
*φro-sed-o- (?)
authority (?)
*φro-skʷ-o-
eye
*φro-sto-
forest
*φrk(-) (?)
preposition (before)
*φstri-n-we/o- (?)
snore
*φugo- (?)
swordpoint
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*φulāto-
hairy
*φulu-
hair
*φuluko- (?)
beard
*φūnakā-
cleaning (noun)
*φu-tro-
ill person
*φuxtā-(ko-)
pine
*φuxtu-
breast
*φwer- (???)
grandchild
*φman-
hand
*su- ?
god
*egino- (?)
cold
*o-lawo-
rain
*os-to- // *uφo-sto-
remaining, rest
? (cf. Peter '97)
here
??
further
Lat.?
prayer
LW < Lat.??
saliva
LW < MEng. (LEIA)
linden
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