Physically Based Animation of Sea Anemones in Real-Time
[Nur 01]. â Focuses on the general behavior. â Deformation of foot and tentacles ... 12. Fluid Description. ⢠3D vector field composed of 4 types of singularities.
Physically Based Animation of Sea Anemones in Real-Time José Juan Aliaga Caroline Larboulette
Universidad Polytecnica de Madrid Universidad Rey Juan Carlos
Motivation • Sea Anemones : – – – –
Important component of seascapes Made of two parts: foot and tentacles Interact with the surrounding fluid Interact with other entities (fish)
• Lack of real-time technique (virtual environment, video games) • Aim: propose a real-time technique, physically based, with high level control SCCG'09
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Sea Anemones in Nature • Come in many shapes, sizes, colors • Composed of a foot attached to the rock / sand of constant volume • Tentacles attached atop arranged in cycle (spiral phyllotaxis) – Defense mechanism, trap – React to fish SCCG'09
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Sea Anemones in Nature • Come in many shapes, sizes, colors • Composed of a foot attached to the rock / sand of constant volume • Tentacles attached atop arranged in cycle (spiral phyllotaxis) • Stay in place for days, months, swaying in the fluid, reacting to fish SCCG'09
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Outline • • • • • • •
Related work Overview of our technique Fluid description Anemone model Deformation of fibers Results Conclusion & Future Work
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Related Work • Modeling of the Stromphia Coccinea [Liang 01] – Implicit Surfaces (Blob Tree [Wyvill 99]) • Prohibitive rendering times
– Tentacles implantation using a phyllotaxis model
• Animation as a reaction to the starfish [Nur 01] – Focuses on the general behavior ‒ Deformation of foot and tentacles keyframed SCCG'09
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Related Work (2) • Animation of grass blades using and internal skeleton deformed by – IK-like techniques [Bakay 02, Ota 04] – Blending of pre-computed key poses [Perbet 01, Endo 03] ⇒ Manual specification / keyframing of the deformation of individual fibers
• Animation of trees using procedural stochastic techniques [Stam 97] ⇒ Interaction with entities such as fish difficult SCCG'09
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Related Work (3) • Animation of branches using physically based techniques [Giacomo 01, Akagi 06] – Fluid discretized – No high-level control by keyframe
Overview of Technique • Fluid environment : continuous 3D vector field composed of singularities – Self-collisions or collisions with fish/anemones reduced
• Fish are associated fluid singularities
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Overview of Technique • Fluid environment : continuous 3D vector field composed of singularities • Fish are associated fluid singularities • Anemone tentacles represented as skeletons (chains) covered with a skin – – – –
Fluid forces concentrate on skeleton nodes Skeleton bends towards equilibrium Dynamic approach Node displacement induces moments down
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Outline • • • • • • •
Related work Overview of our technique Fluid description Anemone model Deformation of fibers Results Conclusion & Future Work
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Fluid Description • 3D vector field composed of 4 types of singularities Source Hole Vortex Directional
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Singularities • Source and Sink (Hole) – Intensity depends on the distance (local -- φmax limits influence) – Opposite – To model water and fish
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Singularities • Whirlwind (Vortex) – Local + rotation
• Directional Field – Global – Intensity can vary over time: sine or cosine function to obtain waves
Related work Overview of our technique Fluid description Anemone model Deformation of fibers Results Conclusion & Future Work
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Anemone Model • Foot : a large fiber • Tentacles on top : many fibers arranged using a collision-based simulation of phyllotaxis [Fowler 92]
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Fiber Model • Generalized cylinder around a skeleton • Defined by varying radii at nodes
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Textures • Created by hand, applied automatically • 4 species of anemones Anthopleura xanthogrammica
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Actinia fragacea
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Textures • Created by hand, applied automatically • 4 species of anemones Stomphia coccinea
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Anthothoe chilensis
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Outline • • • • • • •
Related work Overview of our technique Fluid description Anemone model Deformation of fibers Results Conclusion & Future Work
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Node Chain Ntop
• N0 to Ntop Ni
• N0 is anchored to the foot Ni-1
N0 SCCG'09
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Deformation of the chain •
For each node 1. Get net force from singularities 2. Compute node displacement 3. Transmit moment down the chain
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1. Net Force from Field Ni
Li 2ri
• Pressure Computation • Ni: current node • V: velocity from vector field
Ni-1
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1. Net Force from Field Ni
Li 2ri Ni-1
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Forces Analysis FL Ni+1
Ni
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F FT
• F = FL + FT • FL propagated to Ni • FT: node is displaced towards equilibrium • Moment induced by node displacement is propagated to Ni Caroline Larboulette
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2. Node Displacement
Ni
αi
FT
FT
• Elastic force gives a bending angle • : stiffness at node Ni
Ni
• Moment generated: Ni-1
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3. Propagation Moments and Forces FL Ni+1
Ni
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F
FL
FT
FT
Ni
Ni
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M=FT.L
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Force vs Moment
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Order of Stiffness n
n=1 SCCG'09
n=2
n=3 Caroline Larboulette
n=20 30
Outline • • • • • • •
Related work Overview of our technique Fluid description Anemone model Deformation of fibers Results Conclusion & Future Work
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Singularity Keyframing • Position Keyframing (singularity attached to fish)
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Singularity Keyframing • Intensity Keyframing (can vary from Source to Sink)
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Bounding Volumes • BV to speed up computations • Local singularities do not need to be evaluated Video: 36 anemones 14760 nodes 17fps SCCG'09
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Bounding Volumes
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Seascape • 4 kinds of anemones • 2 types of fish • Seagrasses
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Seascape video
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Seagrasses videos
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More fibers … • Gravity force • Fibers interpolated
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Conclusion • Physically based animation of anemones tentacles • Real-Time (video games) • GPU compatible • Collision detection reduced • Can be used for other types of plants • High-level keyframing (fish) SCCG'09
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Future Work • GPU implementation • Improve the foot of the anemone • Create parameters reference table for – Different kinds of anemones – Other types of plants
• Add some behavioral movement • Perceptual study to show the impact of our simplifications • Extend the algorithm for hair SCCG'09
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Thanks !!! Questions ? • Work partially supported by the Spanish Ministery of Education and Science (grant TIN2007-67188)
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