Nicolas Fonty, draft for a PhD proposal

October 13th of 2016

METROPOLISES, MAPS AND PLANNING

Cartographic tools for metropolitan analysis, design and planning and in particular for a London community-led planning. Because they work on territories of different scales, urban designers usually make plans and geographers maps. The metropolitan area, because of its extent, appears at the interface of these two scales. It becomes absolutely necessary for urban designers who want to work on the metropolitan project (or metropolitan design ?) to appropriate mapping tools developed by geographers. These tools, however, continue to progress and offer evermore opportunities for analysis and workable data, notably collaborative data permitted by Web 2.0 development. In parallel to these new possibilities of large scales collaboration and cooperation, this dynamic is converging with two others : -on one hand an increasing part of the civil society sees in collaboration a way to solve the economic, social, environmental and political crises that strike european capitals.

(Madrid and the Indignados, Paris and Nuit Debout, London and the important network of community groups campaigning for change)

- on the other hand there is an historic movement of urban designers, planners and thinkers who wish to integrate more participation, collaboration and inclusion in city making processes. 60’s ‘advocacy planning’ (Davidoff, Arnstein or Jacobs), 70’s ‘Right to the City’ (Lefebvre), 80’s and 90’s ‘communicative’ approach (Healey or Forester) , new millennium collaborative processes at larger scales (Campbell or Just Space).

This research proposes revisiting the cartographic tools used in metropolitan analysis, design and planning in light of the last technological advances and these dynamics for more collaboration in metropolis in general, and in planning in particular. BROAD QUESTION_BQ : how mapping is useful to metropolitan planning ? how mapping can be a tool to engage communities and grass-root citizens in metropolitan planning ? NARROW QUESTION_NQ : how to build a collaborative meta mapping platform for a London community-led planning ? HYPOTHESES /CONJECTURES : BQ- Mapping can help create synergies, organise cooperative actions or alliances and point at unknown potential positive interactions. BQ- Collaborative mapping allows to build a base map of unreleased spatial knowledge thanks to spatial intelligence and expertise of communities and grass-root citizen. NQ-

Direct and diverse engagement must be highly encouraged through public workshops and playful processes in parallel to the online platform. NQ- The interactive mapping platform should be based on a community of users/mappers and an aggregation of London communities who have an interest for mapping and planning. NQ- This community of users/mappers should be multi-skills because of the interdisciplinary dimension of metropolitan planning and design and the multi-purposes potential use of the platform (beyond planning) METHODOLOGY : - pilot (see details after) : JustMap : ongoing collaborative map of London community assets in collaboration with Reclaim Our Spaces coalition and Just Space network - interviews (see diagram after) : interviews of different professional and autodidact mappers concerned with citizen data, meta mapping platforms and community engagement. - case-study : a couple of London Opportunity Areas (mapping atlas, analysis of the authorities planning proposals, workshops to define the communities visions). Our Kind of Town, with LivingMaps. - inventories : London spatial data + history of mapping for London planning + interesting meta mapping platforms + interesting participatory mapping processes PROGRAMME, DELIVERABLES and CONTRIBUTION : to be discussed and defined

Following documents included : 1- synthetic diagram of research topics and methodologies. 2- email to CASA researchers : «how could be the dream mapping platform» 3- diagram in progress of London mappers interested in citizen and community mapping + possible questions for interviews. 4- the JustMap project, synthetic presentation in 4 slides 5- Our Kind of Town, synthetic presentation +visual 6- Bibliography that has been read until today ; distribution according the different research topics (3 pages) 7- Bartlett staff research of interets : selection according to common research topics (2 pages)

SYNTHETIC PRESENTATION

September 30th of 2016 How to go towards a

collaborative meta mapping platform for London community-led planning

THE DREAM PLATFORM

Detail of how could be the dream mapping platform (without wondering for the moment how it could be possible to produce it).

EMAIL TO CASA

Email to different CASA researchers involved in research of interest.

?

As a planner interested in London planning driven by communities, my dream tool would be a collaborative meta mapping platform where you could aggregate and share all sort of spatial data that can be useful for London planning. It would be online, interactive, open-data and crowd-sourced. A powerful search engine would allow you to data mine the large diversity of data. The community of users and mappers would have the possibility to comment every data, correct it or add content. Through this process the data would be assessed the same way as it is in Wikipedia or Open Street Map. Collecting data interesting London communities would be a priority, and in particular data on community assets. Participatory mapping would be encouraged through public workshops during neighbourhood festivals, an attractive and playful design of the platform and an easy use. Because of its broad range of data it would also be a tool for a large range of specialists as researchers, journalists, historians, tourism and culture agencies, urban ecologists and environmentalists, small businesses ... and even treasure hunt designers ! But overall for planning and especially community-led planning for London. My PhD will explore this question thanks to a pilot collaborative platform to map London community assets (JustMap) as well as a series of interviews of autodidact and professional mappers interested in community data and collaborative mapping.

Please find below the different research from CASA that I found connected to some central topics of my PhD. I would really appreciate to organise a meeting with some of these researchers if they think that some kind of collaboration or discussion could interest them. data from communities (participatory)

meta mapping platform

spatial data sharing

crowd sourced data

textual data or data mining

Survey of London

Martin Austwick, Duncan hay

Remap Lima

Flora Roumpani

Colouring London

Polly Hudson

Gemma

Steven Gray, Richard Milton, Andy Hudson-Smith

Map Tube / GeoVUE

Andy Hudson-Smith, Richard Milton

Survey Mapper + NeiSS

Steven Gray, Andy Hudson-Smith

Online interactive mapping

Duncan Smith

Spatial data mining

Doublebyte

Textal

Steven Gray

2- WHAT : types of community assets 3- HOW1 : the necessity of being collaborative ; many existing scattered mappers and datasets 4- HOW2 : interdisciplinary working group + sample areas and topics

http://justplace-london.blogspot.co.uk

PILOT PLATFORM

1- WHY : make more visible, share knowledge, connect and build alliances

METHODOLOGY_1

JustMap a map of London community assets for a just city.

RESSOURCES

community centres, libraries and other facilities, markets, pubs with community life, spaces for venue or exhibitions, parks, playgrounds, local media, genuine affordable housing ...

PROJETCS

future : How to maintain and improve these assets ? Where to create new ones ? Campaigns for a better future. Planing proposals...

MEMORY CHANGES

past : What has changed or disappeared ? Which past events or historic facts are meaningful for the community ?

TOPICS + tags

Human assets

POPULAR CULTURE COMMUNITY HUBS LOCAL MEDIA LOCAL ECONOMY COOPERATIVE SUSTAINABLE /RECYCLING

ACTORS

organisations with positive impacts, community groups, charity groups, specific professional or individual ...

NATURE/WATER IN TOWN AGRICULTURE/FOOD CLIMATE/RENEWABLE ENERGY HUMAN RIGHTS EQUALITY/CITIZENSHIP SOLIDARITY

Activities assets

« ..... ... .. »

ANY ALTERNATIVES TO CAR CONGESTION AND CONTAMINATION

ECONOMIC LIFE NATURES IN TOWN

COMITMENT

TRANSIT

HOUSING URBAN DESIGN URBAN PLANNING

ACTIVITIES

formal and informal : festival, sport meetings, barbecues parties, skateboarding, community gardening, street musicians, informal flea market ... Overlapping, Faircharm estate example :

URBAN CULTURES

EDUCATION HEALTH JUSTICE Examples :

PUBS + UNDER THREAT

PARKS +

HOUSING PLANNING ESSENTIAL SERVICES

COMMUNITY GARDENS +

FOOD

PILOT PLATFORM

Physical assets

METHODOLOGY_1

TIME x2

3 types of community assets for a just city

a common platform to aggregate the many existing scattered mappers and datasets ?

PILOT PLATFORM

Open Street Map, Wikipedia as successful collaborative platforms

METHODOLOGY_1

the necessity of being collaborative : immense data and the need to update

community engagement planning mapping programming web design social networks graphic design playful engagement tourism culture and art journalism education history local economy ...

Explore in detail a couple of sample areas

Deptford ? Tottenham ? Old Oak ? ...

Explore in detail a couple of specific topics

Pubs and venues ? Community centres ? Council and genuine affordable housing ? ...

Invent games and treasure hunts so collecting and updating the data can become playful

PILOT PLATFORM

Set up a multi skills working group

Combine desk work and public workshops in neighbourhood festivals and specific events

METHODOLOGY_1

How to start ?

Collaborative mapping for London community-led planning

Interviews of the London mappers community

5 questions on their values, goals and processes.

Planning is interfering with an infinite range of life aspects. Citizens and communities are expert in many of those thanks to their day to day life and their fine knowledge of some specific London areas. Would it be possible to collect this fine grain information through a common "catch all" mapping platform working online and through public workshops during community events ? A platform similar to Open Street Map but specific to London, with much more informations than only geographical and with possible threads of discussion similar to Wikipedia for every entries ? WHY: Why are you interested in collaborative mapping or community data ? (and for London in particular) What are the values that support your approach ? What are your objectives  in the mid or long term? Why do you think this mapping approach is important for planning ? What is your general opinion on the possibility of a "catch all" data platform for citizen planning ? WHAT : What are you mapping today ? What would you also like to map or be mapped in the future ? What can be mapped and what cannot be ? HOW1 : Technique ? What technique are you using today ? What are the limits and how would you like to evolve ? What could be the model for a possible common mapping platform for Londoners? Open Street Map ? Another idea ? What filters and tags to create for this broad citizen database so it would be possible to extract specific visualisations on specific topics useful for community-led planning? HOW2 : Interface ? What interface (relationships with participants and maps visualisations) are you using today? What are the limits and how would you like to evolve ? What could be the model for an eventual common platform ? What do you think about mixing work online and public workshops ? HOW3 : Governance ? Are you confronted to this issue or other ethic issues in your mapping work? What could be the model for the future platform ? OSM ? Another idea ?

METHODOLOGY_2

MAPPERS INTERVIEWS

Do you know other groups or categories that should be add to the London mappers diagram ? Do you think it is possible to build up a London mappers community ?

MAPPERS INTERVIEWS

METHODOLOGY_2

Our Kind of Town

Towards a Citizen’s Atlas of London London is undergoing rapid change which is disrupting communities on a scale unknown for decades. This is happening on the basis of a model dominated by capital, with an attenuated role for democratic engagement. In so far as there is participation, it is usually in the context of imagineering and marketing rather than co-design. Knowledge of how to deal with planning is unevenly distributed. The London 2050 infrastructure plan designates opportunity areas as future regeneration hot spots. In many of them there is little tradition of activism around housing or environmental issues. Livingmaps has developed an interdisciplinary model for mapping patterns of urban stakeholding and civic engagement, based on the concept of place intelligence. This concept, which includes tacit as well as coded knowledge related to public amenity and resources, brings together skills of navigation, narration and negotiation. It is the primary way in which different forms of social, cultural and intellectual capital are mobilised in the arenas of everyday urbanism. Our kind of town will develop place intelligence as a basis for envisaging the quality of urban life and the built environment of the future. It will offer a critical urban pedagogy so that people can connect personal and political geographies, and can uncover the implicit features of master plans. It will engage children and young people who are London’s future. The Citizen’s Atlas of London will use maps to represent the place intelligence of Londoners who are marginalised in the current development of urban policy. This cartographic approach will be the basis for public discussion about London’s future by communities across the city and so for intervention in the master planning process. Our kind of town will create a toolkit which can be used for teaching, learning and advocacy in schools, community projects and local campaigns. It will build an online Citizens’ Atlas of London 2050 as a sustainable platform for understanding and critiquing London 2050 at a local level. The Citizens Atlas will compliment London Mapper in providing a qualitative, close-up data mosaic of local narratives. The work will be based in four areas chosen from both inner and outer London, and including an area with little tradition of community activism, one with a largely transient and diverse population and one with a long established community. Through a workshop programme lasting six months, citizens will produce neighbourhood maps, using photography, site observation exercises and social network and community asset mapping. Groups will research what their neighbourhood was like in 1950, and create from that a counter-factual history. They will work with Livingmaps to produce scenarios for how they would like the neighbourhood to be in 2050, and also how they expect it to be. A final session will bring the different groups together discuss each other’s neighbourhood mappings and scenarios and present them to an invited audience of planners, architects, policy makers, politicians and community activists. A touring exhibition will be created to disseminate the project, and to help set up new citizen planners’ groups.

METHODOLOGY_3

LONDON CASE STUDY

Livingmaps Network in partnership with Building Exploratory, Just Space, Concrete Action, the Urban Lab UCL, the Open Space Centre (Open University), Department of Graphic Design, Central Saint Martins, UAL.

TOOLKIT

for pilot areas

WORKSHOPS POOL ASSETS MAP

I SPY SCENA RIOS CREATIVE MAP

PLANNING /BEGINNERS

2. MEROPOLITAN INTERACTIONS

Master Planning for beginners toolkit ‘I Spy an Opportunity Area’ booklet Welcome to Our Kind of Neighbourhood: map / poster

- inside pilot areas - between pilot areas - collaboration with Universities and Just Space - conference with GLA

1. INSIDE PILOT AREAS

between workshops places YC: Youth Centre NC: Neighbd Centre HU: Transport hub mw: mobile workshops

North Woolwich

INTERACTION strategy

3. PUBLIC EVENTS

Exhibition launch Public Dissemination Event Pop up Community Mapping Event

4. PAPER PUBLICATIONS

Charleton Riverside

METHOD OLOGY / TOOLS

- project evaluation and report - academic publications

ONLINE

collaboration - Citizens Atlas Online Prototype - Just Map : collaborative map of communities assets for a fairer London

Our Kind of Town

Towards a Citizen Atlas for London’s Future

LONDON CASE STUDY

- Planning for beginners - Data atlas - Economico-political elements for scenarios

METHODOLOGY_3

PILOT AREAS OUTPUTS

DRAFTS OF BASIC DATA

BIBLIOGRAPHY BY TOPICS

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Mapping for metropolitan planning and  for London community-led planning in particular

(read untill today)

a- Metropolitan planning and design

a1-general theory / Metropolitan planning and design

Jacobs , J., 2011. The death and life of great American cities Lefebvre, H.1974. La production de l’espace. Marcuse, P., 2009. From critical urban theory to the right to the city. Cuthbert, A.R., 2007. Urban design: requiem for an era, review and critique of the last 50 years. Cuthbert, A., 2011. Urban design and spatial political economy. Madanipour, Ali. 2014. Urban Design, Space and Society. Carmona, M., 2010. Public places - urban spaces : the dimensions of urban design Carmona, M. (Matthew) eds., 2014. Explorations in urban design : an urban design research primer. Klosterman (1996) Arguments For and Against Planning Foqué, R.K.V., 1996, “Design Research: The Third Way” Foqué, Richard, 2011, “Building knowledge by design.” Verma, Niraj. “Urban design: An incompletely theorized project.”

a2- processes / Metropolitan planning and design

Gadanho, P. (2014), Uneven Growth. Tactical Urbanism for Expanding Megacities Secchi, B., Vigano P., (2009) La Ville Poreuse Cambell, Kelvin. 2015 lecture on Massive Small Tonkiss F., (2013) Cities by Design.

a3- specific topics / Metropolitan planning and design

Sandercock, L. 2016. When Strangers Become Neighbours: Managing Cities of Difference Talen, E., 2016. Design for Diversity : Evaluating the Context of Socially Mixed Neighbourhoods Madanipour, A., 2011. Living together or apart. Tunstall R.(2010), Mixed Communities Evidence review / DCLG Colomb C. .(2015), Lecture on ‘Mixed communities’ and social mix policies

a4- UK planning / London planning / local plan / Neighbourhood planning

Just Space (2016) Towards a Community- Led Plan for London Policy directions and proposals Edwards M., (2015) Prospects for land, rent and housing in UK cities Tewdwr-Jones, M. (2012). Spatial planning and governance : Understanding UK planning  (just started ) Rydin, Y. (2013). The future of planning. (just started )

a5- London territory, culture and history / Metropolitan planning and design

Barratt, N. (2012). Greater London : The story of the suburbs. Cheshire, J., & Uberti, O. (2014). London : The information capital ; 100 maps and graphics that will change how you view the city. Glas R. & ali (1964), London Aspects of Change Hebbert M. (1998) More by Fortune than Design Kerr, J., Gibson, A. (2012). London : From punk to Blair  (just started) Brownill S. & O’Hara G. (2015) From planning to opportunism? Re-examining the creation of the London Docklands Development Corporation Carmona M. (2015) Re-theorising contemporary public space: a new narrative and a new normative (London case study) Watt, Paul. “‘It’s Not for Us’. Regeneration, the 2012 Olympics and the Gentrification of East London.”

b1- General / Mapping for planning

Corner, J. (1999), The Agency of Mapping: Speculation, Critique and Invention Peter Hall (2012), On Mapping and Maps Monmonier M. (2005), Lying with Maps Dunnn N., Cureton P., Pollastri S. (2014) A visual history of the future

BIBLIOGRAPHY

b- Mapping for planning

b2- Crowdsourced data / Mapping for planning

Volunteery Geographical Informations Haklay, M., 2013, Citizen Science and Volunteered Geographic Information overview and typology of participation Kahila-Tani M., Anna Broberg, Marketta Kyttä & Taylor Tyger (2016) Let the Citizens Map. Public Participation GIS as a Planning Support System Smart cities  and Big data Roche, S. (2014). Geographic Information Science I: Why does a smart city need to be spatially enabled? Batty, M., 2013. Big data , smart cities and city planning. Gonzalez-Bailon S. (2013), Big data and the fabric of human geography Saunders T. and Peter Baeck P. (2015)Rethinking Smart Cities From The Ground Up Social media / Data mining /textual analysis  References to find

b3- fine grain data on communities / Mapping for planning

Dragony M, Gerry P., Boelman V. (2015), On the ground: Barnet Community mapping pilot Alevizou G.,  Alexiou K., Zamenopoulos T. (2016) Making sense of assets: Community asset mapping and related approaches for cultivating capacities

b4- meta mapping platform / Mapping for planning

Spatial data sharing References to find GIS / Geoweb References to find

c- Participatory planning and community engagement c1- Participatory urban design and planning processes

Beebeejaun Y. (2016). The Participatory City Frediani A., Boano C., Processes for Just Products : The Capability Space of Participatory Design Hamdi N. 2004, Governance and networks: organizing from inside out Hamdi N. 1997, Action planning for cities : a guide to community practice Hamdi N. 2014, The Spacemaker’s Guide to Big Change Lee, Y. (2007) Design participation tactics: the challenges and new roles for designers in the co-design process Schneider, T. & Till, J., 2011. The operations of spatial agency. Sarkissian, W. and Bunjamin-Mau, W., (2009) Designing and managing a workshop Elizabeth B.-N. Sanders & Pi. Stappers (2008) Co-creation and the new landscapes of design, CoDesign Tewdr-Jones M. (2016) Newcastle City Futures 2065 Exhibition / Lecture

c2- participatory action research / Planning and community engagement

Bergold J,  Thomas S. (2012) Participatory Research Methods: A Methodological Approach in Motion (to read)

Allen, A., Lambert, R., Apsan Frediani, A., & Ome, T. (2015). Can participatory mapping activate spatial and political practices? Atzmanstorfer K., Richard Resl, Anton Eitzinger & Xiomara Izurieta (2014) The GeoCitizen- approach: community-based spatial planning Karin Pfeffer, Javier Martinez, David O’Sullivan, and Dianne Scott Geo-Technologies for Spatial Knowledge: Challenges for Inclusive and Sustainable Urban Development

c4- general theory / Participatory planning and community engagement

BIBLIOGRAPHY

c3- participatory mapping / Planning and community engagement

Cornwall, A. (2006) Historical perspectives on participation in development Healey, P., 2012. Communicative Planning. Hillier, J., 2003. Agonizing Over Consensus: Why Habermasian Ideals cannot be Real Flyvbjerg, B and Richardson, T (2002) ‘Planning and Foucault: In search of the dark side of planning theory’ Appadurai, a., 2002. Deep Democracy: Urban Governmentality and the Horizon of Politics Roy, A. (2009) Civic Governmentality: The Politics of Inclusion in Beirut and Mumbai

BARTLETT STAFF RESEARCH INTERESTS Selection according to topics in common with my research PhD 1. Many research topics in common

(but maybe with more interests for the Global South (all DPU) than for London ?) Yves Cabannes, PhD Participatory planning and budgeting, social inclusion innovative practices, community based micro finance, urban/peri-urban agriculture, cooperative housing and community land trust; urban social movements and the right to the city. Alexandre Apsan Frediani PhD Environmental justice in urban areas, deepening democratic practices through participatory approaches to research, planning, design and monitoring & evaluation; human development and the capability approach and wellbeing impacts of regeneration practices. Barbara Lipietz BA (Hons) MSc PhD Urban governance; participatory governance; city development strategies; participatory budgeting ; social inclusion practices ; urban social movements; right to the city

2. Some research topics in common Adriana Allen Dip Arch MSc PhD Global South, participatory environmental planning and management in cities. Participatory mapping. James Cheshire BSc PhD FRGS GIScience, geocomputation, spatial programming techniques, analysis and visualisation of population datasets, and new methods of population classification (geodemographics). Ben Clifford BSc PhD PGCLTHE FRGS AHEA Impacts of modernising local government and neo-liberalizing governance on the public sector, professions and community engagement Claire Colomb BA (Hons) PhD MRTPI Urban governance and urban policies in European cities (UK, Germany, France, Spain), Culture and urban regeneration, European spatial planning, European territorial cooperation networks Nick Gallent BSc PhD MRTPI MRICS communities and the planning system Andy Hudson-Smith BSc MSc PhD FRSA Public Participation and Planning, Smart Cities, Web Based Technologies, and Multi-User Environments - for a general overview see http://www.digitalurban.org Ed Manley BSc MSc MRes EngD Urban and transportation planning; (Big) Data analysis; Data modelling and machine learning. GeoComputation; Spatial cognition. Network analysis and community detection. Spatial networks; Data visualisation (particularly spatial data) Yvonne Rydin MA, PhD, MRICS Social capital and urban governance networks applied to public participation, stakeholder engagement and partnership working.

3. Possible research topics in common Kalliopi Fouseki, MA, PhD Negotiation theories and conflict management in the heritage sector, community engagement and participatory planning models Liza Griffin Environmental governance, Resilient communities, Democracy and environmental politics, Good governance, Flooding governance, Sustainable communities Pascale Hofmann Dip Landscape and Open Space Planning; MSc Urban environmental planning and management; participation in environmental planning and management. Caren Levy BA MA Urban planning, governance and community-led development, focusing on housing, infrastructure and transport in the global South ; innovatory approaches to planning methodology Stephen Marshall BEng MSc DipUD PhD MIHT MCIT Urban design and morphology ; relationships to urban design, coding and planning; interpretations of morphological and evolutionary change from past to future urbanism. Susan Moore BES, MES (Planning), PhD (Human Geography), FHEA Relational geographies of urban (and suburban) development and built form ; sustainable communities. Pablo Sendra Fernandez MSc MArch PhD ARB design strategies that encourage unplanned activities and sociability in the public realm.

BARTLETT STAF RESEARCH INTERESTS

Laura Vaughan BDes MSc PhD FRGS The relationship between urban form and society with regard to communities, social and economic spatial patterns;