Aging : a worldwide phenomenon The HIS project Human clock ADL Monitoring Conclusion
Perspectives in home TeleHealthCare system: Daily routine nycthemeral rhythm monitoring from location data C. Franco, J. Demongeot, Y. Fouquet, C. Villemazet, N. Vuillerme TIMC-IMAG Laboratory,AFIRM and AGIM 3 Teams UMR UJF-CNRS 5525, Grenoble, France
18th February 2010
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Aging : a worldwide phenomenon The HIS project Human clock ADL Monitoring Conclusion
Outline
• Aging : a worldwide phenomenon • The HIS project • Human clock • Activities of Daily Living (ADL) monitoring • Perspectives
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Aging : a worldwide phenomenon The HIS project Human clock ADL Monitoring Conclusion
Outline
• Aging : a worldwide phenomenon • The HIS project • Human clock • Activities of Daily Living (ADL) monitoring • Perspectives
2 / 17
Aging : a worldwide phenomenon The HIS project Human clock ADL Monitoring Conclusion
Outline
• Aging : a worldwide phenomenon • The HIS project • Human clock • Activities of Daily Living (ADL) monitoring • Perspectives
2 / 17
Aging : a worldwide phenomenon The HIS project Human clock ADL Monitoring Conclusion
Outline
• Aging : a worldwide phenomenon • The HIS project • Human clock • Activities of Daily Living (ADL) monitoring • Perspectives
2 / 17
Aging : a worldwide phenomenon The HIS project Human clock ADL Monitoring Conclusion
Outline
• Aging : a worldwide phenomenon • The HIS project • Human clock • Activities of Daily Living (ADL) monitoring • Perspectives
2 / 17
Aging : a worldwide phenomenon The HIS project Human clock ADL Monitoring Conclusion
Evolution of the age distribution throughout the World
Source : http ://esa.un.org/unpp 3 / 17
Aging : a worldwide phenomenon The HIS project Human clock ADL Monitoring Conclusion
Evolution of the aged dependency ratio ⇒ Aged dependency ratio =
number of people aged 65 and over number of people aged 15−64
× 100
Source : http ://esa.un.org/unpp 4 / 17
Aging : a worldwide phenomenon The HIS project Human clock ADL Monitoring Conclusion
Alzheimer’s and dementia-related diseases(1)
An everyday challenge • A new case every 7 seconds • Main cause of entrance in institution • No automatic and noninvasive mean of detection • No curative treatment • Lack of care providers
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Aging : a worldwide phenomenon The HIS project Human clock ADL Monitoring Conclusion
Alzheimer’s and dementia-related diseases (2)
In daily life • Memory loss • Difficulty performing activities of daily living • Repetition in task • Disorientation of time and place
Figure:
“Recognize the onsets of the Alzheimer disease” (in the middle) “Don’t forget the Alzheimer’s disease” (on the bottom) 6 / 17
Aging : a worldwide phenomenon The HIS project Human clock ADL Monitoring Conclusion
Le projet HIS
L’appartement intelligent
What do we aim at ? • Monitoring the inhabitant’s activities • Developing his/her individual activity profile • Triggering alarms • Developing gerontechnologies to support aging-in-place • Lightening the carer’s burden
Figure:
Des capteurs infrarouges diss´ emin´ es dans chaque pi` ece donnent la localisation : 0.Hall d’antr´ ee, 1.Salon, 2.Chambre, 3.WC, 4.Cuisine, 5.Douche, 6.Lavabo.
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Aging : a worldwide phenomenon The HIS project Human clock ADL Monitoring Conclusion
Le projet HIS
L’appartement intelligent
What do we aim at ? • Monitoring the inhabitant’s activities • Developing his/her individual activity profile • Triggering alarms • Developing gerontechnologies to support aging-in-place • Lightening the carer’s burden
Figure:
Des capteurs infrarouges diss´ emin´ es dans chaque pi` ece donnent la localisation : 0.Hall d’antr´ ee, 1.Salon, 2.Chambre, 3.WC, 4.Cuisine, 5.Douche, 6.Lavabo.
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Aging : a worldwide phenomenon The HIS project Human clock ADL Monitoring Conclusion
Living by the clock
Rhythms of life • Physiological variables : Temperature, heart rate, muscular strength, blood sugar level. . . • Behavioral variables : Alertness, Activities of daily living (ADL). . .
Synchonizors • Environmental cues : light/darkness cycle, seasons. . . • Clocks of the society : work, transport. . .
⇒ ADL follows a nycthemeral rhythm (i.e. a 24-hour cycle).
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Aging : a worldwide phenomenon The HIS project Human clock ADL Monitoring Conclusion
The SupraChiasmatic Nucleus : the master clock
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Aging : a worldwide phenomenon The HIS project Human clock ADL Monitoring Conclusion
ADL Monitoring Elementary activities considered • A : Ambulatory Activity • G : Generic Social or Cultural Activity • C : Cooking & Eating • U : Unassigned to a Specific Activity
The Hamming distance dH ⇒ Comparison of day-to-day or day-to-profile sequences of ADL dH (x, y ) = mink=1,...,24 Card i ∈ {1, . . . , 24} |xi 6= σ k (y )i where σ is the circular permutation of the 1st component of y 10 / 17
Aging : a worldwide phenomenon The HIS project Human clock ADL Monitoring Conclusion
Detecting a shift by comparison with the circular Gumbel distribution
M = 24 − dH (x, y ) = number of matches between x, y Hypothesis : M follows the circular Gumbel distribution. ⇒ E(M) is approximately Gaussian.
Figure:
Empirical distribution of the average number of matches E(M) calculated between 500 activities sequences and 30,000 random sequences. 11 / 17
Aging : a worldwide phenomenon The HIS project Human clock ADL Monitoring Conclusion
Towards a new tool for HomeHealthTelecare
Aims • Providing a detection tool of pathological behavior • Building a complete aware system for telemonitoring
Figure:
Plain lines : already available Dashed lines : coming soon 12 / 17
Aging : a worldwide phenomenon The HIS project Human clock ADL Monitoring Conclusion
Final thoughts
Gerontechnologies at home, what we have at stake : • Using them to support aging healthy and secure in place and improve the elderly quality of life • Making them a lifestyle choice rather than a life stage need
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Aging : a worldwide phenomenon The HIS project Human clock ADL Monitoring Conclusion
References [1] J. Demongeot, N. Noury, and N. Vuillerme. Data fusion for analysis of persistence in pervasive actimetry of elderly people at home, and the notion of biological age. In Complex, Intelligent and Software Intensive Systems, 2008. CISIS 2008. International Conference on, pages 589–594, 4–7 March 2008. [2] J. Demongeot, G. Virone, F. Duchˆ ene, G. Benchetrit, T.Herv´ e, N. Noury, and V. Rialle. Multi-sensors acquisition, data fusion, knowledge mining and alarm triggering in health smart homes for elderly people. Comptes Rendus Biologies, 325(6) :673 – 682, June 2002. [3] Y. Fouquet, J. Demongeot, and N. Vuillerme. Pervasive informatics and persistent actimetric information in health smart homes : From language model to location model. In Complex, Intelligent and Software Intensive Systems, 2009. CISIS ’09. International Conference on, pages 935–942, 16–19 March 2009. [4] M. A. Hofman and D. F. Swaab. Living by the clock : the circadian pacemaker in older people. Ageing Res Rev, 5(1) :33–51, Feb 2006.
Contact :
[email protected]
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Evolution of the age distribution in the more developed countries
Source : http ://esa.un.org/unpp 15 / 17
Rhythms of life
Source : Y. Mrabet & ”The Body Clock Guide to Better Health” by M. Smolensky & L. Lamberg ; Henry Holt and Company, Publishers (2000) 16 / 17
Dealing with a multisensor network Censored data and the estimation of joint probabilities
P dInc ({Ai }i=1,...,n ) =
i
