(No Model.)
No TESLAo
2 Sheets-Sheet 1,
REGULATOR FOR DYNAMO ELEOTRIO MAOHINES.
No. 336,961.
Pat e n t edM a r. 2, 1886.
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N PETERS. Pl1oto·LHhogrJpher, Walhington, D. C.
,M"'
2 Sheets-Sheet 2.
- (No Model.)
N. TESLA. REGULATOR FOR DYNAMO ELEOTRIO MAOHINES.
No. 336,961.
Patented Mar. 2, 1886.
N. PCTERS. Photo·Uthoflr;lphur. WJshingtclI. D.C.
'UNITED
STATES PATEl\TT
NIKOLA TESLA, OF SlYIILJAN LIKA, AUSTRIA-HUNGARY, ASSIGNOR TO THE TESLA ELECTRIC LIGHT AND MANUFACTURING CO}IPANY, OF RAHWAY, NEW JERSEY_
REGULATOR .FOR DYNAMO .. ELECTRiC MACHINES. 3:i?ECIPICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 336,961, dated March 2, 1886. Application filed liay 18,1885, Serial Xo, 163,793. (Xo modeLl
all whom it mUll concern: of the main or working circuit, and c the auxBe it known that I,~NIKOLA TEsLA, of Smil- Hiary brush. The working-circuit D extends jan Lika, border country of Austria-Hungary, from the brushes a and b, as usnal, and conhave invented an Improvement in Dynamo- tains electric lamps or other devices, D',either Electric lVIachines, of which the following is a in series or in multiple arc. specification. 1\11\1' represent the field-helices, the ends of The object of my invention is to provide an I which are connected to the main brushes a improved method for regulating the current and b, The branch or shunt wire 0' extends on dynamo-electric machines. from the auxiliary brnsh 0 to the circuit of the In myimprovement I make nse of two main field-helices, and is connected to the same at brushes, to which the ends of the helices of an intermediate point, X. the field-magnets are connected, and an auxilH represents the commutator, with the iary brush and a branch or shunt connection plates of ordinary construction. It is now to from an intermediate point of the field-wire be understood that when the auxiliary brush to the auxiliary brush. 0 occupies snch a position upon the commu. The relatiYe positions of the respective tatorthat the electro-motive force between the brushes are varied, either automatically or by brushes a and 0 is to the electro-motive force hand, so that the shunt becomes inoperative between the brushes 0 and b as the resistance when tbe auxiliary brush has a certain posi- of thc circuit a :M: 0' 0 A.to tbe resistance of tion upon the commutator; but when said au x- the circuit b lVI' 0' 0 B, the potentials of the mary brush is moved in its relation to the points X and Y will be equal, and no current main bl'ushes, or the latter are moved in their will flow over the auxiliary brush; butwhen the relation to the auxiliary brush, the electric brush 0 occupies a different position the pocondition is disturbed and more or less of the· tentials of the points X and Y will be differcurrent through the field-helices is diverted I ent, and a current will flow over the auxiliary through the shunt or a current passed over brush to or from the commutator, according said shunt to the field-helices. to the relative position of the brushes. If, By varying the relative position upon the for instance, the commutator-space between commutator of the respective brushes auto- the brushes a and c, when the latter is at the mati cally in proportion to the varying elec- neutral point, is diminished, a current will trical conditions of the working-circuit the flow from t.he point Y over the shunt C to the current developed can be regulated in pro- brush b, thus strengthening the current in the portion to the demands in the working-circuit. part 1\1', and partly neutralizing the current Devices for automatically moving the in the part lVI; but if the space between the brushes in dynamo-electric machines are well brushes a and c is increased, the current will known, and those made use of in my machine flow over the auxiliary brush in an opposite may be of any desired or known character. direction, and the current in 1\1 will be In the drawings, Figure 1 is a diagram illus- stregthened, and in l\f partly neutralized. trating my invention, showing one core of the By combining with the brushes a, b, and 0 field-magnets with one helix wound in the any known automatic regulating mechanism same direction throu~hout. Figs. 2 and 3 are the current developed can be regulated in diagrams showing one core of the field-magnets proportion to the demands in the workingwith a portion of the helices wound in oppo- circuit. The parts lU andl\I' oft.he field-wire site directions. Figs. 4 and 5 are diagrams may be wound in t.hesame direction. (In this illustrating the electric devices that may be case they are arranged as shown in Fig.I; or, employed fol' automa.tically adjusting the the part 1\1 may be wound in the opposite dibl'ushes, and Fig. 6 is a diagram illnst.rating rectioll, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3.) the positions of the brushes when the machine It will be apparent that the respective cores is being energized on the start. of the field.magnets are suhjected to the neua and b are the positive and negatiye brushes tralizing or intensifying effects of the current 1'0
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in the shunt through tI, and the magnetiSll:l of the cores will be partially neutralized or the point of greatest magnetism shifted, so that it will be more or less remote from 01' approach5 ing to the armature, and hence the aggregate energizing actions of the field magnets on the armature will be correspondingly varied_ In the form indicated in Fig. 1 the regula10 tion js effected by shifting the point of greatest magnetism, and in Figs. 2 and 3 the same effect is produced by the action Of the current in the shunt passing through the neu. tralizing-helix. 15 The relative positions of the respective brushes may be varied by moving the auxiliary brush or the brush c may remain quiescent and the corep be connected to the mainbrush holder A', so as to adj nst the .brushes 20 ab in their relat,ion to the brush c. If, however; an adjnstment is applied to all the brnshes, as seen in Fig. 5, the solenoid should be connected to both A and C, so as to move them toward or away fi'om each ot,her. 25 There are several known devices for giving motion in proportion to an electric current. I have shown the moving cores in Figs. 4 and 5 as convenient devices for obtaining the re.quired extent of motion with very slight 30 changes in the current passing through the helices. It is understood that the adjustment of the main brushes causes variations in the strength of the current independently of the relative position of said brushes to the anx35 iliary brush. In all cases t,he adjustment may be such that n.o current flows over the auxiliary brush when the dynamo is running with its normal load . . In Figs. 4 and 5, A A indicate t,he main40 brush holder, carrying the mainbmshes, and C the auxiliary-brush holder,carrying the auxiliary brush. These brush-holders are movable in arcs concentric with the center of the commulator·shaft. An hon piston, P, of the 45 solenoid S, Fig. 4, is attached to the auxiliarybrush holder C. The adjust,ment is effected by means of a spring and screw or tightener. In Fig. 5, instead of a solenoid, an iron tube inclosing a coil is shown .. The piston of the
goil is attached to both brush-holders A. A and When the brushes are moved directly by electrical devices, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5, these are so constructed that the force exerted for adjusting is practically uniform through t,he whole length of motion. I am aware that auxiliary brushes have been used in connection with the helices of the field-wire; but in these instances the helices received the entire current through the auxiliary brush or brushes, and said brushes could not be taken off without breaking the circnit through the field. These brushes caused, however, a great sparking upon the commutator. In my improvement the auxiliary bl'ush causes very little or no sparking, and can be taken off without breaking the circuit . through the field-helices. My improvement has, besides, the advantage to facilitate the self-exciting of the machine in all cases where the resistance of the fieldwire is very great comparati vely to the reSIstance of the main circuit at the start-for instance, on arc-light machines. In this case I place the auxiliary brnsh c near to or in preference in contact with the brush by as shown in Fig. 6. In this manner the part M'is completely cut out, and as the part M bas a considerably smaller resistance than the whole length of the field -wire the machine excites itself, whereupon the auxiliary brnsh is shifted antomatically to its normal position. I claim as my inventionThe combination, with the'commutator hav·· ing two or more main brushes and an auxiliary brush, of the field - helices having their ends connected to the main brushes, arid a branch or shunt connection from an intermediate point of the field-helices to the auxiliary brush, and means for varyi ng the relati ve position upon the commutator of t,he respective brushes, substantially as set forth. . Signed by me this 13th day of May, A. D. 1885.
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NIKOLA. TESLA. Witnesses: G~o. T. PINOKNEY, W ALLAOE L. SERRELL.
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