Order this document by MC3359/D
. . . includes oscillator, mixer, limiting amplifier, AFC, quadrature discriminator, op/amp, squelch, scan control, and mute switch. The MC3359 is designed to detect narrowband FM signals using a 455 kHz ceramic filter for use in FM dual conversion communications equipment. The MC3359 is similar to the MC3357 except that the MC3359 has an additional limiting IF stage, an AFC output, and an opposite polarity Broadcast Detector. The MC3359 also requires fewer external parts. For low cost applications requiring VCC below 6.0 V, the MC3361BP,BD are recommended. For applications requiring a fixed, tuned, ceramic quadrature resonator, use the MC3357. For applications requiring dual conversion and RSSI, refer to these devices; MC3335, MC3362 and MC3363. • Low Drain Current: 3.6 mA (Typical) @ VCC = 6.0 Vdc
DW SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 751D (SO–20L)
For Low Voltage and RSSI, use the MC3371
ORDERING INFORMATION
Figure 2. Pin Connections and Functional Block Diagram
Operating Temperature Range
Package SO–20L
TA = –30 to +70°C
MC3359P
1
Crystal Osc.
2
Plastic DIP Mixer Output
18
Broadcast Detector
MC3359DW
Mixer
Device
P SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 707
Oscillator
3 1.8 k
VCC
5
Decoupling
6
Figure 2. VCC = 6.0 Vdc
18
0.1 µF
2
3
16
Mute
15
Scan Control
5
14
Squelch Input
6
13
Output
12
Inverting Op Amp (Filter) Input
68 k
50 k
+
Quad Coil
Toko Type 7MC–8128Z
Quadrature Input
8
–
Demodulator Filter
9
Demodulator
Crystal Osc.
.47 µF
120 k
68 k
Scan Control
14
Squelch Input
13
Filter Output
12
Filter Input
11
Demod Output
10
Recovered Audio
1
20
NC
2
19
RF Input
51 k
MC3359
0.1 µF 0.1 µF
15
+
50 k
7
NC
17
4 Type CFU 455 D
16
VCC = 6.0 Vdc
220 pF Ceramic Filter
Gnd Audio Mute
CASE 707
10.7 MHz Input 51
68 pF
52 k
RF Input
17
10 pF
Figure 1. Simplified Application in a Scanner Receiver
1
Limiter
Limiter Input
Decoupling
10.245 MHz
4
7 8
9
11
10
390 k
0.001 µF Automatic Frequency Control Recovered Audio
0.1 µF 0.001 µF
Squelch Sensitivity 1N4148
750 18 k
7.5 k 0.002 µF 100 pF
Audio Volume
0.01 µF 10 k
0.01 µF Audio Out
3
18
Gnd
Mixer Output
4
17
Audio Mute
VCC
5
16
Scan Control
Limiter Input
6
15
Squelch Input
Decoupling
7
14
Filter Output
Decoupling
8
13
Filter Input
Quadrature Input
9
12
Demod Output
Demodulator Filter
10
11
Recovered Audio
MC3359DW
• •
Excellent Sensitivity: Input Limiting Voltage – – 3.0 dB = 2.0 µV (Typical) Low Number of External Parts Required
SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNICAL DATA
1.8 k
•
HIGH GAIN LOW POWER FM IF
CASE 751D Motorola, Inc. 1996
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
Rev 3
1
MC3359 MAXIMUM RATINGS (TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted) Pin
Symbol
Value
Unit
Power Supply Voltage
4
Vdc
4
VCC(max) VCC
12
Operating Supply Voltage Range
6 to 9
Vdc
Input Voltage (VCC
18
1.0 – 0.7 to 12
Vrms Vpk
Rating
q 6.0 Volts)
Mute Function
16
Junction Temperature
–
Operating Ambient Temperature Range Storage Temperature Range
V18 V16
150
°C
–
TJ TA
– 30 to + 70
°C
–
Tstg
– 65 to + 150
°C
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VCC = 6.0 Vdc, fo = 10.7 MHz, ∆f = ± 3.0 kHz, fmod = 1.0 kHz, 50 Ω source, TA = 25°C test circuit of Figure 3, unless otherwise noted) Characteristics
Min
Typ
Max
Units
– –
3.6 5.4
6.0 7.0
mA
Input for 20 dB Quieting
–
8.0
–
µVrms
Input for – 3.0 dB Limiting
–
2.0
–
µVrms
Mixer Voltage Gain (Pin 18 to Pin 3, Open)
–
46
–
Mixer Third Order Intercept, 50 Ω Input
–
– 1.0
–
dBm
Mixer Input Resistance
–
3.6
–
kΩ
Mixer Input Capacitance
–
2.2
–
pF
450
700
–
mVrms
Detector Center Frequency Slope, Pin 10
–
0.3
–
V/kHz
AFC Center Slope, Pin 11, Unloaded
–
12
–
V/kHz
Filter Gain (test circuit of Figure 3)
40
51
–
dB
Squelch Threshold, Through 10K to Pin 14
–
0.62
–
Vdc
Drain Current (Pins 4 and 8)
Squelch Off Squelch On
Recovered Audio, Pin 10 (Input Signal 1.0 mVrms)
Scan Control Current, Pin 15
Pin 14 – High g Pi 14 – Low L Pin
– 20 2.0
0.01 24 2.4
1.0 –
µA µ A mA
Mute Switch Impedance p Pi 16 to Pin t Ground G d
Pin 14 – High g Pin 14 – Low Pi L
–
5.0 15 1.5
10 –
Ω MΩ
Figure 3. Test Circuit VCC 10.245 MHz
0.1 µF 1
18
2
17
3
16
4
15
5
14
Input 10.7 MHz
68 pF Ceramic Filter
51
220 pF 2.4 k
muRata CFU455D or Kyocera KBF455P–20A
Audio Gen. 0.7 Vp–p
+ I
Squelch Input 10 k
6 0.1 µF
1.0 M 7
Op Amp Input 1.0 µF
8
11
9
10
100 pF
2
1.0 k
12
68 k Lp = 1.0 mH Cp = 120 pF Rp = 100 kΩ
Op Amp Output
13
0.1 µF
AFC Output
Audio Output 7.5 k
0.002 µF
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
MC3359 Figure 4. Mixer Voltage Gain
OUTPUT, 1.8 KΩ [mVrms]
200 100
Input po = 10.7 MHz Output p0 = 455 kHz Output taken at Pin 3 with filter removed (open)
Figure 5. Limiting IF Frequency Response 0
VCC = 9.0 V
VCC = 6.0 V
60 40 20 10
Response Taken on a special prototype.
– 20 – 30
Terminals not available on standard device.
– 40 – 50
IF Input for – 3 dB LImiting – 60
6.0 4.0 0.04
IF Output
– 10 RELATIVE OUTPUT [dB] INPUT LEVEL, 50 Ω [dBm]
400
0.1
1.0
– 70 0.1
40
10
100 µV 1.0
INPUT, 50 Ω (mVrms)
8.0
10
7.0 Output taken at Pin 3 with filter removed VCC = 6.0 Vdc
– 10
VCC = 6.0 Vdc AFC Output Pin 11
6.0
– 20 Desired Products
– 30
100
Figure 7. Detector and AFC Responses
20
OUTPUT [Vdc]
OUTPUT, 1.8 K Ω [dBm]
Figure 6. Mixer Third Order Intermodulation Performance
0
10
FREQUENCY [MHz]
– 40
5.0 4.0 3.0 Detector Output Pin 10 2.0
– 50
1.0 3rd Order IM Products
– 60 – 90 – 80
– 70
– 60 – 50 – 40 – 30 – 20 INPUT, 50 Ω [dBm]
– 10
0
0 – 10 – 8.0 – 6.0 – 4.0 – 2.0 0 2.0 4.0 RELATIVE FREQUENCY [kHz]
10
10
0
0
– 10 – 20
Derived using optimum L/C oscillator values and holding IF frequency at 455 kHz
– 30 – 40 – 50 – 60 0.1
8.0
10
Figure 9. Overall Gain, Noise, and AM Rejection
10
RELATIVE OUTPUT [dB]
RELATIVE GAIN [dB]
Figure 8. Relative Mixer Gain
6.0
S+N
± 3 KHz FM
– 10 25°C 75°C VCC = 6.0 Vdc
– 20 – 30
S + N (30% AM)
– 40
N – 50
1.0 10 FREQUENCY [MHz]
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
100
– 60 0.001
0.01
1.0 0.1 INPUT [mVrms]
10
100
3
MC3359 Figure 11. Audio Output and Total Current Drain versus Supply Voltage
10 S+N+D
f o = 10.7 MHz f m = 1 kHz ∆f = 3.0 kHz Test circuit of Figure 3.
"
– 20 – 30
N+D
– 40 N – 50 – 60 0.001
10.706
0.01
0.1
1.0
0.8
7.0
0.7 0.6
5.0
0.5 ICC, Mute On
4.0 3.0
0.4 0.3
ICC, Mute Off
2.0
0.2
1.0
0.1
0 4.0
100
10
Audio Output
6.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
INPUT [mVrms]
VCC, SUPPLY VOLTAGE (Vdc)
Figure 12. L/C Oscillator, Temperature and Power Supply Sensitivity
Figure 13. Op Amp Gain and Phase Response
VCC, SUPPLY VOLTAGE [Vdc] 5.9 6.0 6.1
5.8
6.2
70 1.0 M
1.0 M
10.704
60
1.0 K
10.698 VCC
10.696
150
40
30
60
40 50 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE [°C]
300 200
L
1 C4
C5
2
10 7.0 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0
C5 100 70 50
1.0 0.7 0.5
C4
0.3 0.2
30 20 10 7.0
10
20 30 50 OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY [MHz]
70
10 K
100 K FREQUENCY [Hz]
0.1 100
1.0 0.8 OUTPUT [Vrms]
L
30
VCC = 6.0 Vdc
0 10 M
1.0 M
Figure 15. The Op Amp as a Bandpass Filter
INDUCTANCE [µ H]
VCC
60
DOTTED CURVES TAKEN WITH CIRCUIT VALUES OF FIGURE 3.
Figure 14. L/C Oscillator Recommended Component Values 1000 700 500
120 90
0 1.0 K
70
USE CIRCUIT ABOVE FOR OPEN LOOP GAIN AND PHASE (SOLID LINES)
30
10
10.690 20
Vref
Gain
Phase
20
Temp
10.694 10.692
CAPACITANCE [pF]
13 12
50
10.700
4
180
0.1 µF
1.0
GAIN [dB]
FREQUENCY [MHz]
10.702
5.0
0 9.0
8.0
PHASE [degrees]
– 10
SUPPLY CURRENT (mAdc)
RELATIVE OUTPUT [dB]
0
8.0
AUDIO OUTPUT (Vrms)
Figure 10. Output Components of Signal, Noise, and Distortion
0.001 µF C1
GIVEN fo = CENTER FREQUENCY A(fo) = GAIN AT CENTER FREQUENCY Q R3 p fo C1
Vin 0.17 Vrms
R1 18 K
+
0.6
R1
+ 2 R3 A(f )
R2
+ 4Q R1R1 R3* R3
C1
VCC 6.0 V
R3 390 K
0.001 µF R2 750
12
13
– +
Vout
Vref
o
0.4
2
0.2 0 1.0
2.0
5.0 10 20 FREQUENCY [kHz]
50
100
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA 17
Q21
1.8 k
10 k
Q23
Q24
6
33 k
Q27
10 k
33 k
Q28
10 k
Q29
10 k
33 k
Q30
10 k
Q31
10 k
33 k
10 k
33 k
Q32
33 k
Q11
20 k
Q33
10 k
Q14
Q13
Q12
33 k
Q34 50 k
10 k
15 k
10 k
Q35
10 k
Q36
33 k
Q39
10 pF
Q43
Q40
7k
Q37
Q62
Q61
Q63
Q70
Q45
2.5 k
Q42
Q57
Q44
Q41
Q48
5k
750 Ω
Q69
Q71
20 k
50 k
50 k
5k
50 k
5k
Q73
Q49
Q47
Q55
Q50
Q53 Q54
Q51 Q52
Q46
4
Q58
Q56
Q59
Q76
Q75
20 k
Broadcast Detector
Q71
Detector and AFC
Op Amp
50 k
Q68
Q67
Q66
Q65
3.5 k
100 k
7
Q26
10 k
Limiting IF Amplifier
Q6
100 k
1.6 k
Q25
10 k
3.5 k
Q10
Oscillator – Mixer
3.6 k
Q5
Q15 Q16
Q64
Q60
1.6 k
Q20
10 k
33 k
Q9
Q4
6 pF
1.8 k
1.6 k
Q19
10 k
33 k
Q8
Q3
6 pF
Q7
10 k
1.6 k
100 k
Q22
Q2
7k
14
1.6 k
Q18
Q17
33 k
15 k
7k
13
1.6 k
5
18
2
1
5k
12
Figure 16.
Q1
Q77
3
Figure 16. Representative Schematic Diagram
9
10
11
16
15
MC3359
100 k 1.6 k
1.6 k
1.6 k
1.6 k
33 k
5
MC3359 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION The MC3359 is a low–power FM IF circuit designed primarily for use in voice–communication scanning receivers. It is also finding a place in narrowband data links. In the typical application (Figure 1), the mixer–oscillator combination converts the input frequency (10.7 MHz) down to 455 kHz, where, after external bandpass filtering, most of the amplification is done. The audio is recovered using a conventional quadrature FM detector. The absence of an input signal is indicated by the presence of noise above the desired audio frequencies. This “noise band” is monitored by an active filter and a detector. A squelch–trigger circuit indicates the presence of noise (or a tone) by an output which can be used to control scanning. At the same time, an internal switch is operated which can be used to mute the audio. APPLICATIONS INFORMATION The oscillator is an internally biased Colpitts type with the collector, base, and emitter connections at Pin 4, 1 and 2, respectively. The crystal is used in fundamental mode, calibrated for parallel resonance at 32 pF load capacitance. In theory this means that the two capacitors in series should be 32 pF, but in fact much larger values do not significantly affect the oscillator frequency, and provide higher oscillator output. The oscillator can also be used in the conventional L/C Colpitts configuration without loss of mixer conversion gain. This oscillator is, of course, much more sensitive to voltage and temperature as shown in Figure 12. Guidelines for choosing L and C values are given in Figure 14. The mixer is doubly balanced to reduce spurious responses. The mixer measurements of Figure 4 and 6 were made using an external 50 Ω source and the internal 1.8 k at Pin 3. Voltage gain curves at several VCC voltages are shown in Figure 4. The Third Order Intercept curves of Figure 6 are shown using the conventional dBm scales. Measured power gain (with the 50 Ω input) is approximately 18 dB but the useful gain is much higher because the mixer input impedance is over 3 kΩ. Most applications will use a 330 Ω 10.7 MHz crystal filter ahead of the mixer. For higher frequencies, the relative mixer gain is given in Figure 8. Following the mixer, a ceramic bandpass filter is recommended. The 455 kHz types come in bandwidths from ± 2 kHz to ± 15 kHz and have input and output impedances of 1.5 k to 2.0 k. For this reason, the Pin 5 input to the 6 stage limiting IF has an internal 1.8 k resistor. The IF has a 3 dB
6
limiting sensitivity of approximately 100 µV at Pin 5 and a useful frequency range of about 5 MHz as shown in Figure 5. The frequency limitation is due to the high resistance values in the IF, which were necessary to meet the low power requirement. The output of the limiter is internally connected to the quadrature detector, including the 10 pF quadrature capacitor. Only a parallel L/C is needed externally from Pin 8 to VCC. A shunt resistance can be added to widen the peak separation of the quadrature detector. The detector output is amplified and buffered to the audio output, Pin 10, which has an output impedance of approximately 300 Ω. Pin 9 provides a high impedance (50 k) point in the output amplifier for application of a filter or de–emphasis capacitor. Pin 11 is the AFC output, with high gain and high output impedance (1 M). If not needed, it should be grounded, or it can be connected to Pin 9 to double the recovered audio. The detector and AFC responses are shown in Figure 7. Overall performance of the MC3359 from mixer input to audio output is shown in Figure 9 and 10. The MC3359 can also be operated in “single conversion” equipment; i.e., the mixer can be used as a 455 kHz amplifier. The oscillator is disabled by connecting Pin 1 to Pin 2. In this mode, the overall performance is identical to the 10.7 MHz results of Figure 9. A simple inverting op amp is provided with an output at Pin 13 providing dc bias (externally) to the input at Pin 12, which is referred internally to 2.0 V. A filter can be made with external impedance elements to discriminate between frequencies. With an external AM detector, the filtered audio signal can be checked for the presence of either noise above the normal audio, or a tone signal. The open loop response of this op amp is given in Figure13. Bandpass filter design information is provided in Figure 15. A low bias to Pin 14 sets up the squelch–trigger circuit so that Pin 15 is high, a source of at least 2.0 mA, and the audio mute (Pin 16) is open–circuit. If Pin 14 is raised to 0.7 V by the noise or tone detector, Pin 15 becomes open circuit and Pin 16 is internally short circuited to ground. There is no hysteresis. Audio muting is accomplished by connecting Pin 16 to a high–impedance ground–reference point in the audio path between Pin 10 and the audio amplifier. No dc voltage is needed, in fact it is not desirable because audio “thump” would result during the muting function. Signal swing greater than 0.7 V below ground on Pin 16 should be avoided.
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
MC3359 OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
P SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 707–02 ISSUE C
18
NOTES: 1. POSITIONAL TOLERANCE OF LEADS (D), SHALL BE WITHIN 0.25 (0.010) AT MAXIMUM MATERIAL CONDITION, IN RELATION TO SEATING PLANE AND EACH OTHER. 2. DIMENSION L TO CENTER OF LEADS WHEN FORMED PARALLEL. 3. DIMENSION B DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH.
10
B 1
9
A L
C
K
N F
D
H
J
M
SEATING PLANE
G
DIM A B C D F G H J K L M N
DW SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 751D–04 (SO–20L) ISSUE E
–A– 20
10X
P 0.010 (0.25)
1
M
B
M
10
20X
D
0.010 (0.25)
M
T A
B
S
J S
F R C –T– 18X
G
K
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
SEATING PLANE
INCHES MIN MAX 0.875 0.915 0.240 0.260 0.140 0.180 0.014 0.022 0.050 0.070 0.100 BSC 0.040 0.060 0.008 0.012 0.115 0.135 0.300 BSC 0_ 15 _ 0.020 0.040
NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. 2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETER. 3. DIMENSIONS A AND B DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD PROTRUSION. 4. MAXIMUM MOLD PROTRUSION 0.150 (0.006) PER SIDE. 5. DIMENSION D DOES NOT INCLUDE DAMBAR PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE DAMBAR PROTRUSION SHALL BE 0.13 (0.005) TOTAL IN EXCESS OF D DIMENSION AT MAXIMUM MATERIAL CONDITION.
11
–B–
MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 22.22 23.24 6.10 6.60 3.56 4.57 0.36 0.56 1.27 1.78 2.54 BSC 1.02 1.52 0.20 0.30 2.92 3.43 7.62 BSC 0_ 15_ 0.51 1.02
X 45 _
DIM A B C D F G J K M P R
MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 12.65 12.95 7.40 7.60 2.35 2.65 0.35 0.49 0.50 0.90 1.27 BSC 0.25 0.32 0.10 0.25 0_ 7_ 10.05 10.55 0.25 0.75
INCHES MIN MAX 0.499 0.510 0.292 0.299 0.093 0.104 0.014 0.019 0.020 0.035 0.050 BSC 0.010 0.012 0.004 0.009 0_ 7_ 0.395 0.415 0.010 0.029
M
7
MC3359
Motorola reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. Motorola makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does Motorola assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation consequential or incidental damages. “Typical” parameters which may be provided in Motorola data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including “Typicals” must be validated for each customer application by customer’s technical experts. Motorola does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. Motorola products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the Motorola product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use Motorola products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold Motorola and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that Motorola was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. Motorola and are registered trademarks of Motorola, Inc. Motorola, Inc. is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer. How to reach us: USA / EUROPE / Locations Not Listed: Motorola Literature Distribution; P.O. Box 20912; Phoenix, Arizona 85036. 1–800–441–2447 or 602–303–5454
JAPAN: Nippon Motorola Ltd.; Tatsumi–SPD–JLDC, 6F Seibu–Butsuryu–Center, 3–14–2 Tatsumi Koto–Ku, Tokyo 135, Japan. 03–81–3521–8315
MFAX:
[email protected] – TOUCHTONE 602–244–6609 INTERNET: http://Design–NET.com
ASIA/PACIFIC: Motorola Semiconductors H.K. Ltd.; 8B Tai Ping Industrial Park, 51 Ting Kok Road, Tai Po, N.T., Hong Kong. 852–26629298
8
◊
*MC3359/D*
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA MC3359/D
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