Mapping Mate Models
© Edouard Greiffiths
Mapping Mate Models Geodetic models used in Mapping Mate Author: Edouard Greiffiths
version 1.4 release 3
MMate_Models_1.4.doc
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Mapping Mate Models
© Edouard Greiffiths
MAPPING MATE MODELS................................................................................................................1 GEODETIC MODELS USED IN MAPPING MATE ........................................................................................1 1. SUMMARY OF CHANGES.............................................................................................................3 2. ELLIPSOIDS .....................................................................................................................................4 2.1. BASE ELLIPSOIDS ...........................................................................................................................4 2.2. ACTUAL ELLIPSOIDS ......................................................................................................................4 3. PROJECTIONS.................................................................................................................................8 3.1. UNIVERSAL TRANSVERSE MERCATOR (UTM) ..............................................................................8 3.2. INDIVIDUAL PROJECTIONS .............................................................................................................8 4. DATUMS............................................................................................................................................8 4.1. INDIVIDUAL DATUMS .....................................................................................................................9 4.2. DATUMS SERIES.............................................................................................................................9 4.2.1. UTM WGS84 based ...............................................................................................................9 4.2.2. UTM NAD83 based ...............................................................................................................9 4.2.3. UTM European 1950 based.................................................................................................10 4.2.4. Australian Map Grid ...........................................................................................................10 4.2.5. Pulkovo - Gauss-Kruger UTM based ..................................................................................10
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Mapping Mate Models
© Edouard Greiffiths
1. Summary of changes Version 1.4 r3
Date 14-july-00
Changes Document creation
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Mapping Mate Models
© Edouard Greiffiths
2. Ellipsoids 2.1. Base ellipsoids Many models are based on just a few base ellipsoids the only variation being the center shift from WGS84. The base ellipsoids are defined with zero shift from WGS84 center and are as follows: Name Airy 1830 Australian National Spheroid Bessel 1841 (Namibia) Bessel 1841 Clarke 1866 Clarke 1880 Everest 1830 (modified) Everset 1956 Everest 1969 Everest Malaysia and Singapore Everest Pakistan Everst Sabah and Sarawak GRS 80 International 1924 Krassovsky South American 1969 World Geodetic Survey 1972 World Geodetic Survey 1984
Major axis "a" (m) 6377563.396 6378160.0 6377483.865 6377397.155 6378206.4 6378249.145 6377276.345 6377301.243 6377295.664 6377304.063 6377309.613 6377298.556 6378137.0 6378388.0 6378245.0 6378160.0 6378135.0 6378137.0
Inverse flattening "1/f" 299.3249646 298.25 299.1528128 299.1528128 293.465 293.465 300.8017 300.8017 300.8017 300.8017 300.8017 300.8017 298.257222101 297.0 298.3 298.25 298.26 298.257223563
file name (extension .mde) Airy1830 AustralianNational Bessel1841_Namibia Bessel1841 Clarke1866 Clarke1880 Everest1830 Everest1956 Everest1969 Everest_Malaysia_Singapore Everest_Pakistan Everest_Sabah_Sarawak GRS80 International1924 Krassovsky1940 SouthAmerican1969 WGS72 WGS84
2.2. Actual ellipsoids These are the ellipsoids actually used in mapping systems, with the exception of the WGS84 itself their shape is based on one of the base ellipsoids and the center is moved from the center of the WGS84 ellipsoid. The table below list these ellipsoids with the center shift in geocentric coordinates (XYZ) from WGS84: "src" column lists the source of information: 1. NIMA 8350.2.4 July 1977 and MADTRAN 1st October 1996 2. Institut Geographique National (IGN) - France Name file name Adindan for Burkina Adindan_Burkina Adindan for Cameroon Adindan_Cameroon Adindan for Ethiopia Adindan_Ethiopia Adindan for Mali Adindan_Mali Adindan mean Adindan_mean_ES Adindan for Senegal Adindan_Senegal Adindan for Sudan Adindan_Sudan
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Area of application Burkina Faso
Base ellipsoid Clarke 1880
dX (m) -118
dY (m) -14
dZ (m) 218
src 1
Cameroon
Clarke 1880
-134
-2
210
1
Ethiopia
Clarke 1880
-165
-11
206
1
Mali
Clarke 1880
-123
-20
220
1
Mean for Ethiopia and Sudan Senegal
Clarke 1880
-166
-15
204
1
Clarke 1880
-128
-18
224
1
Sudan
Clarke 1880
-161
-14
205
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Mapping Mate Models
Name file name Arc 1950 for Botswana Arc1950_Botswana Arc 1950 for Burundi Arc1950_Burundi Arc 1950 for Lesotho Arc1950_Lesotho Arc 1950 for Malawi Arc1950_Malawi Arc 1950 mean Arc1950_mean
Arc 1950 for Swaziland Arc1950_Swaziland Arc 1950 for Zaire Arc1950_Zaire Arc 1950 for Zambia Arc1950_Zambia Arc 1950 for Zimbabwe Arc1950_Zimbabwe Arc 1960 for Kenya Arc1960_Kenya Arc 1960 for Tanzania Arc1960_Tanzania Arc 1960 mean Arc1960_mean_KT Cape Cape_SouthAfrica Australian Geodetic Datum 1966 Australian1966 Australian Geodetic Datum 1984 Australian1984 Camp area astro Mc Murdo CampArea_Antarctic a_McMurdo Chatham Island 1971 ChathamIsland1971_ NZ European 1950 - 1 European1950_W_Eur ope_1
European 1950 - 2 European1950_W_Eur ope_2
European 1950 for Cyprus European1950_Cypru s
© Edouard Greiffiths
Area of application Botswana
Base ellipsoid
dY (m) -105
dZ (m) -289
src
Clarke 1880
dX (m) -138
Burundi
Clarke 1880
-153
-5
-292
1
Lesotho
Clarke 1880
-125
-108
-295
1
Malawi
Clarke 1880
-161
-73
-317
1
Mean for Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Swaziland, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe Swaziland
Clarke 1880
-143
-90
-294
1
Clarke 1880
-134
-105
-295
1
Zaire
Clarke 1880
-169
-19
-278
1
Zambia
Clarke 1880
-147
-74
-283
1
Zimbabwe
Clarke 1880
-142
-96
-293
1
Kenya
Clarke 1880
-157
-2
-209
1
Tanzania
Clarke 1880
-175
-23
-303
1
Mean for Kenya and Tanzania South Africa
Clarke 1880
-160
-6
-302
1
Clarke 1880
-136
-108
-292
1
Australia
Australian National Spheroid
-133
-48
148
1
Australia
Australian National Spheroid
-134
-48
149
1
Antarctica (Mc Murdo zone)
International 1924
-104
-129
239
1
Chatham Island (New Zealand)
International 1924
175
-38
113
1
Mean for Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Gibraltar, Greece, Italy, Luxemburg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland Mean for Austria, Denmark, France, Germany, Netherlands, Switzerland Cyprus
International 1924
-87
-98
-121
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International 1924
-87
-96
-120
1
International 1924
-104
-101
-140
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Name file name European 1950 for Egypt European1950_Egypt European 1950 for UK and Ireland European1950_UK_Ir eland European 1950 for Greece European1950_Greec e European 1950 for Iran European1950_Iran European 1950 for Sardinia European1950_Sardi nia European 1950 for Sicily European1950_Sicil y European 1950 for Malta European1950_Malta European 1950 mean for Middle East European1950_Middl eEast European 1950 for Portugal and Spain European1950_Portu gal_Spain European 1979 mean European1979_W_Eur ope
Geodetic Datum 1949 GeodeticDatum1949_ NZ Hermannskogel datum Hermannskogel Hong Kong 1963 HongKong1963 Hu Tzu Shan HuTzuShan Indian 1830 for Bangladesh Indian1830_Banglad esh Indian 1954 for Thailand Indian1954_Thailan d Indian 1956 for India and Nepal Indian1956_India_N epal Indian 1960 for Vietnam Indian1960_Vietnam 16 Indian 1960 for Vietnam Indian1960_Vietnam ConSon
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© Edouard Greiffiths
Area of application Egypt
dY (m) -117
dZ (m) -151
src
International 1924
dX (m) -130
UK and Ireland
International 1924
-86
-96
-120
1
Greece
International 1924
-84
-95
-130
1
Iran
International 1924
-117
-132
-164
1
Sardinia
International 1924
-97
-103
-120
1
Sicily
International 1924
-97
-88
-135
1
Malta
International 1924
-107
-88
-149
1
Mean for Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Syria Portugal, Spain
International 1924
-103
-106
-141
1
International 1924
-84
-107
-120
1
International 1924
-86
-98
-119
International 1924
84
-22
209
1
Mean for Austria, Finland, Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland New Zealand
Base ellipsoid
1
Croatia, Serbia, Bosnia Herzegovina Hong Kong
Bessel 1841 (Namibia)
653
-212
449
1
International 1924
-156
-271
-189
1
Taiwan
International 1924
-637
-549
-203
1
Bangladesh
Everest 1830
282
726
254
1
Thailand
Everest 1830
217
823
299
1
India and Nepal
Everest 1830
295
736
257
1
Vietnam 16N
near
Everest 1830
198
881
317
1
Vietnam, Con Son island
Everest 1830
182
915
344
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Mapping Mate Models
Name file name Indian 1975 for Thailand Indian1975_Thailan d Kandawala Kandawala_SriLanka Indian for Pakistan Indian_Pakistan Keratu 1948 Keratu1948 NAD 1927 mean Canada NAD1927_mean_Canad a NAD 1927 mean Central America 1 NAD1927_mean_Centr alAmerica_1
NAD 1927 mean Central America 2 NAD1927_mean_Centr alAmerica_2
NAD 1927 mean Continental US NAD1927_mean_Conti nentalUS NAD 1927 for Mexico NAD1927_Mexico NAD 1983 for Aleutian Is NAD1983_Aleutian NAD 1983 mean for North America (continent) NAD1983_Continenta l_N_America NAD 1983 for Hawaii NAD1983_Hawaii Nouvelle Triangulation de la France NTF Oman Oman Ordnance Survey Great Britain 1936 OrdnanceSurveyGB_m ean_UK Pulkovo 1942 Pulkovo1942 Rome 1940 Rome1940
© Edouard Greiffiths
Area of application Thailand
Base ellipsoid
dY (m) 814
dZ (m) 289
src
Everest 1830
dX (m) 210
Sri Lanka
Everest 1830
-97
787
86
1
Pakistan
Everest Pakistan
283
682
231
1
West Malaysia and Singapore Canada
Everest for Malaysia and Singapore Clarke 1866
-11
851
5
1
-10
158
187
1
Mean for Antigua, Barbados, Barbuda, Caicos Is, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Grand Cayman, Jamaica, Turks Is Mean for Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua US continent
Clarke 1866
-3
142
183
1
Clarke 1866
0
125
194
1
Clarke 1866
-8
160
176
1
Mexico
Clarke 1866
-12
130
190
1
Aleutian Islands
GRS 80
-2
0
4
1
Canada, US, Mexico, Central America (Continent) Hawaii
GRS 80
0
0
0
1
GRS 80
1
1
-1
1
France
Clarke 1880
-168
-60
320
2
Oman
Clarke 1880
-346
-1
224
1
England, Isle of Man, Scotland, Shetland Islands, Wales Russia
Airy 1830
375
-111
431
1
Krassovsky 1940
28
-130
-95
1
Italy
International 1924
-225
-65
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1
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Mapping Mate Models
Name file name South American 1969 mean
Tokyo mean Tokyo_mean Tokyo for Okinawa Tokyo_Okinawa Tokyo for South Korea Tokyo_SouthKorea
© Edouard Greiffiths
Area of application Mean for Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela Mean for Japan, South Korea, Okinawa Okinawa
Base ellipsoid
dY (m) 1
dZ (m) -41
src
South American 1969
dX (m) -57
Bessel 1841
-148
507
685
1
Bessel 1841
-158
507
676
1
South Korea
Bessel 1841
-147
506
687
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3. Projections 3.1. Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) These are series of projections covering Earth in 60 zones, each 6 degrees wide, one for each hemisphere. Common parameters: • Scale at equator: 0.9996 • Scale: 1 • False easting: 500,000 m South hemisphere projections take a false northing of 10,000,000 m Other parameters are deduced from the zone number N: • Start longitude (Greenwich reference): 6*N - 186 (west longitudes negative) • End longitude: 6*N - 180 • Central meridian: 6*N - 183 Filenames are in the form: UTM_nn_h where nn is the zone number on two digits and h is the hemisphere letter, 'N' for North and 'S' for South. At present the following zones are available: • North: 3 to 22 and 28 to 48 • South: 48 to 58
3.2. Individual projections France Lambert zones 1 to 4: FrenchLambert_Z1 to Z4 Italy transverse mercator: West of 12E, Italy_1; East of 12E, Italy_2
4. Datums Datums are the combination of an ellipsoidal model of the Earth and a projection and allow to represent the surface of the Earth for a specific zone onto paper. The following datums are defined:
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Mapping Mate Models
© Edouard Greiffiths
4.1. Individual datums Name France Lambert zone I (North)
File name (extension .mdd) FrenchLambert_Z1
Area of application Maps France North (53.5 to 57 grades) Maps: IGN France Center (between 50.5 and 53.5 grades) All of France (extended system)
Ellipsoid
Projection
NTF
French zone 1
Lambert
NTF
French zone 2
Lambert
NTF
French zone 3
Lambert
Lambert
France Lambert zone II (Center and extended)
FrenchLambert_Z2
France Lambert zone III (South)
FrenchLambert_Z3
France Lambert zone I V (Corsica)
FrenchLambert_Z4
Maps: IGN Corsica
NTF
Italy 1
Italy_1
Maps: IGN Italy west of 12E
French zone 4
Rome 1940
Italy 2
Italy_2
Italy east of 12E
Rome 1940
Keratu 47 N
Keratu_47
Keratu 48 N
Keratu_48
West Malaysia Singapore West Malaysia Singapore
Italy transverse Mercator 1 Italy transverse Mercator 2 UTM 47 North
Maps: IGN France South (below 50.5 grades)
and and
Everest Malaysia and Singapore Everest Malaysia and Singapore
UTM 48 North
4.2. Datums series This is a description of datum systems that span over a large region in zones which characteristics allow to deduce the parameters of the projection.
4.2.1. UTM WGS84 based These are based on the combination of the WGS84 ellipsoid and the UTM projection. File names are in the form of "WGS84_UTM_nn_h" where nn is the UTM zone number on two digits and h the hemisphere letter: 'N' for north abd 'S' for south. Zones defined: • 3 to 14 North, covering the west part of North America • 28 to 38 North, covering Europe, North Africa, West Asia • 48 to 58 South, covering Australia
4.2.2. UTM NAD83 based These are based on the combination of the North Amedican Datum mean for Continental North America and the UTM projection for the northern hemisphere. File names are in the form "NAD83_UTMnn" where nn is the UTM zone number on two digits. Zones 03 to 22 are defined covering all North America
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Mapping Mate Models
© Edouard Greiffiths
4.2.3. UTM European 1950 based These are based on the combination of the European 1950 mean 1 ellipsoid and the UTM projection. File names are in the form of "ED50_UTM_nn" where nn is the UTM zone number on two digits and takes values from 28 to 38 included.
4.2.4. Australian Map Grid These are based on the combination of the Australian National Spheroid either in the 1966 or 1984 version and the UTM projection. UTM zones are 48 to 58 for the southern hemisphere. Filenames are in the form: "AGDyy_AMGnn" where yy is either 66 or 84 depending on the year definition and nn is the zone number (from 48 to 58 included)
4.2.5. Pulkovo - Gauss-Kruger UTM based This covers the former USSR These are based on the combination of the Pulkovo 1942 ellipsoid and UTM projection. Correspondance between Pulkovo zone and UTM is given by the formula: UTM# = Pulkovo# + 30. Filenames are in the form "Pulkovo_GaussKruger_nnN" where nn is the Pulkovo number. Only zones 4N to 18N are covered (west part).
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