ECOL 182 – Spring 2008 Dr. Ferriere’s lectures Lecture 6: Nervous system and brain Quiz Book reference: LIFE-The Science of Biology, 8th Edition. http://bcs.whfreeman.com/thelifewire8e/ All questions below pertain to mandatory material: all slides, and mandatory homework (if any). Answers to all questions but the first five : 6e, 7b, 8c, 9e, 10c, 11a, 12e, 13c, 14d, 15d, 16a, 17e, 18e, 19e, 20c, 21c, 22e, 23a, 24b 1. The depolarization of the presynaptic membrane of an axon terminal causes a. voltage-gated calcium channels in the membrane to open. b. synaptic vesicles to fuse with the membrane. c. an action potential in the postsynaptic cell. d. the opening of chemically sensitive gates that allow neurotransmitter to spill into the synaptic cleft. e. All of the above 2. The potassium pump a. maintains a positive charge difference across the plasma membrane. b. allows potassium to diffuse out of the neuron. c. perturbs the resting potential by allowing ion channels to open. d. concentrates potassium ions on the inside of the neuron. e. concentrates potassium ions on the outside of the neuron. 3. Neurons generally transmit information via their a. cell bodies. b. nerves. c. dendrites. d. glial cells. e. axons. 4. The resting membrane potential is created by a. proton pumps.

b. osmosis. c. ion pumps. d. calcium. e. amino acids. 5. Supportive cells of the nervous system are called a. neurons. b. nerves. c. hormones. d. glial cells. e. axons. 6. Action potentials are a. always positive. b. always negative. c. always greater than the resting potential. d. always smaller than the resting potential. e. None of the above 7. Which of the following statements about synapses is false? a. Calcium channels are involved in the release of neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft. b. Synapses that form between the axon terminals of one neuron and another can influence the release of neurotransmitter by the second cell by presynaptic excitation or presynaptic inhibition. c. Synapses between neurons can be either excitatory or inhibitory. d. The classic chemical synapse is the neuromuscular junction, a synapse between a motor neuron and a muscle cell. e. Neurons communicate with each other and with other cells at specialized junctions called synapses; where the plasma membrane of two cells comes close together. 8. Which of the following occurs when a stimulus depolarizes a neuron′s membrane? a. Na+ diffuses out of the cell. b. The membrane potential becomes more negative. c. The membrane potential changes from the resting potential to a voltage closer to the threshold potential. d. It stops the action potential from spreading to the next dendrite. e. The inside of the cell becomes more negative in charge relative to the outside of the cell. 9. What determines when an individual neuron will fire an action potential? a. Resting membrane potential b. Inhibitory inputs c. When the sum of all the inputs reaches threshold d. Excitatory stimulation e. All of the above 10. Neurons generally receive information via their a. cell bodies. b. nerves.

c. dendrites. d. glial cells. e. axons. 11. Cells of the nervous system that process and transmit information are called a. neurons. b. nerves. c. hormones. d. glial cells. e. axons. 12. At the end of the rising phase of an action potential a. a vast majority of the voltage-gated sodium channels begin to close. b. many more potassium channels begin to open. c. the membrane potential shifts back toward the resting membrane potential. d. Both a and b e. a, b, and c 13. Synapses between neurons can be all of the following except a. excitatory. b. inhibitory. c. auditory. d. chemical. 14. Which lobe of the cerebrum processes information from many sensory receptors around the body? a. Frontal b. Visual c. Occipital d. Parietal e. Temporal 15. Long term potentiation can be defined as a. high frequency electrical stimulation of cells, making them more sensitive to subsequent stimulation. b. being linked to learning and memory. c. being linked to dreaming. d. Both a and b e. All of the above 16. Which lobe of the cerebrum controls many motor functions? a. Frontal b. Visual c. Occipital d. Parietal e. Temporal

17. The spinal cord a. communicates information between the brain and the rest of the body. b. processes and integrates much information. c. can issue some commands to the body without input from the brain. d. develops from a hollow dorsal neural tube. e. All of the above 18. Which of the following is not a cerebral hemisphere? a. Frontal b. Visual c. Occipital d. Parietal e. Temporal 19. The occipital cortex a. controls the level of arousal of the nervous system. b. is an evolutionarily primitive part of the telencephalon that is involved in emotions. c. is the dominant structure of the human brain. d. is involved in higher-order information processing. e. integrates visual information. 20. The central nervous system a. is composed of the cranial and spinal nerves. b. is a bundle of many axons carrying information to and from the peripheral nervous system. c. is made up of the brain and spinal cord. d. can be separated into the frontal and lateral divisions. e. reaches every tissue of the body. 21. Which of the following two structures make up the central nervous system (CNS)? a. The spinal cord and parasympathetic system b. The brain and sympathetic nervous system c. The brain and spinal cord d. The spinal cord and sympathetic nervous system e. All of the above 22. The brain forms from three swellings at the anterior end of the neural tube, which become a. elongated and differentiated once the midbrain sends a start signal. b. invaginated upon specific genetic signals. c. the spinal cord, the reticular system, and the limbic system. d. the cerebral hemispheres. e. the hindbrain, the midbrain, and the forebrain. 23. The autonomic nervous system a. controls involuntary physiological functions. b. is also called the sympathetic nervous system. c. is also called the parasympathetic nervous system. d. Both b and c

e. All of the above 24. The limbic system a. controls the level of arousal of the nervous system. b. is an evolutionarily primitive part of the telencephalon that is involved in emotions. c. is the dominant structure of the human brain. d. is involved in higher-order information processing. e. integrates visual information.