C a rb on S eques tra tio n : N ovel C oncep ts - Pratclif
torage in glaciers or. A rctic/A ntarctic ice sh e e ts. â¢S hares traits w ith geologic and oceanic storage. â¢Issues w ith rem oteness of areas ...
Gl aci alStorage Bi ogeni cMethane Mi neral i zati on W aste Streams/Recycl i ng Cal ci um Carbonate Hydrates
Novel Concepts
•Issues with remoteness of areas
•Shares traits with geologic and oceanic storage
•Storage in glaciers or Arctic/Antarctic ice sheets
•Stores Clathrates in columns ofwater inside glaciers, which are then refrozen
•Uses solid CO2 Clathrates
David Sevier, Aqueous Logic
Glacial Storage
• Inj ect CO2 into depleted coal seam • Use biological / geochemical processes to convert CO2 into Methane • Closed Loop Fuel System • CO2 recycling • Knowledge is sketchy at best;Mostly a proposed concept.
Energetics, Incorporated
Biogenic Methane
• Create bicarbonate ion in water • Combine with minerals from various sources to create stable carbonate compounds • Permanent geologic storage (already occur naturally) • Research being done in reaction rates • Efforts to create continuous flow reactor
Mineralization
• Uses enzyme carbonic anhydrase • Biological catalyst for CO2 – bicarbonate process • Uses CaO (lime) or calcium in sea water • Still in early stages
Electric Power Research Institute
Enzymatic Catalysis
• • • • • •
Uses Olivine or Serpentine Creates Magnesite All occur naturally, extremely stable Abundant resources Slow reaction Serpentine requires heat treatment to remove chemically bound water
Albany Research Center
Serpentinization
Serpentinization
• Similar to mineralization • Combine CO2 with CaO- or MgO- rich materials • Crushed concrete, steel slag, coal fly ash, and Cement kiln dust • Does not scale well – materials availability • Can fulfill niche applications
Recycled Materials
Recycled materials (cont.)
• Form of Deep Ocean sequestration • Hydrates being tested • CO2 molecules surrounded by calcium carbonate • Sink at shallower depths • Stable mineral compounds • Carries same problems as Oceanic Sequestration
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Calcium Carbonate Hydrates
Questions?
• Create a portfolio of Sequestration technologies • Niche applications, large scale applications • Affordable solution to Greenhouse Gas emission reduction
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