FIRST DAY – 24 SEPTEMBER 8:00

Registration of participants

9:00

Welcome

J. C. POGGI, Président AAAF — FR Monsieur le Sénateur Xavier de VILLEPIN — FR

Opening address OPENING SESSION

• NATO viewpoint

NATO International Secretary

• Progress made on setting up new structures in the European Union

Général SCHUWIRTH — Director General of the E.U. Military Staff

10:30 BREAK 11:00

• Present and future American doctrine

Representative of Pentagon — USA

• Information superiority in operations

Général Pierre MARAL — état-major des armées — FR

• Requirements for joint services

CA Arnaud DESMAREST — état-major des armées — FR

12:30 LUNCH 14:00

SALLE MÉDICIS : CRISIS MANAGEMENT AND INFORMATION

SALLE CLÉMENCEAU : CONCEPT – ARCHITECTURE

SUPERIORITY

Chairmen : GCA A.. d’ANSELME — Directeur du Service d’Architecture des Systèmes de Force DGA/DSP — FR P.Y. CHALTIEL, Directeur de l’Unité Information Dominance Systems THALES Communications — FR

Chairman : Général P. MARAL — état major des armées — FR

The use of information and communications technologies in the Ministry of Defence At a time when communications and information systems (CIS) are becoming commonplace in all spheres of public and private life – management, the armed forces, companies and households – and require the use of mainly civilian information and communications technologies, the Ministry of Defence is naturally looking into the question of information superiority in an area that is beginning to be referred to as cyberspace or e-administration. This paper describes the advantages and disadvantages of using ICTs in the Ministry of Defence. GBA M .ASENCIO — MIN/DEF - Secrétariat Général des SICs —FR

Choosing a concept for information superiority in crisismanagement operations In addition to the research aspects of information and technological control over communications, it appears that crisis management should focus on situation developments. What are the objectives and areas of activity for achieving information superiority in this type of intervention? Général L. FRANCART — FR

Information Superiority – Dynamic Chaotic Decisions ? The abstract addresses some fundamental issues associated with the use of information, in particular the potential vulnerability of decisions based on imperfect information to unintended outcomes. This vulnerability can potentially increase as the amount of information increases, and can lead to the emergence of chaotic behaviour. P. KIMBER — BAE SYSTEMS — UK

Crisis management: dual application of resources for “civilian” crisis management European governments are now paying great attention to environmental protection, major risk management and global security. New civilian satellite systems, whose resolution is improving all the time, are being developed to provide the necessary information. Armed forces have their own means of observation but more and more frequently they acquire free access commercial imagery data from worldwide operators. This approach also makes it possible to substantially improve the revisit time over a given area of interest. The dual approach is now achieving its full potential in space imagery. M. Coustère – EADS/SDE/ISR — FR

Crisis management: concept of surveillance systems The quasi real-time surveillance over long periods of time of large areas in a combined joint framework is decisive for the management of present and future crises. For that purpose it is necessary to: • call on a whole range of complementary resources (satellites, aircraft, UAVs); • use interoperable systems to receive, process and transmit information. We will identify new surveillance concepts in terms of economic platforms and processing techniques adapted to vast information flows, and discuss solutions enabling joint surveillance that is as extensive as possible (European and/or NATO interoperability standards and surveillance system architectures reflecting the needs of operational situations). C. D’’AUDIFFRET – EADS/SDE/ISR — FR

Airpower, Distributed Sen-sors and the Recognised AirSurface picture Describes the use of distributed sensors within an evolving knowledge network aimed at maintaining a recognised air-surface picture as well as the use of modelling and simulation in the system development. All material pre-viously unpublished, is based on new research work and is of interest to others working on the integration of sensors in knowledge net-works. Dr A. McFADZEAN — BAE SYSTEMS — UK

Evolution of techniques and technology for communication networks surveillance on the future digital battlefield from Electronic Warfare to Information Warfare Throughout history, military leaders have regarded information superiority as a key enabler of victory. That is the capability to collect, process, and disseminate an uninterrupted flow of information while denying an adversary's ability to do the same. However, the ongoing “information revolution” is creating not only a quantitative, but also a qualitative change in the information environment that by 2010 -2020 will result in profound changes in the conduct of military operations. G. MULTEDO — THALES Communications — FR

Data merge The most recent conflicts have demonstrated the importance of intelligence and surveillance in operations theatres. They also brought home the difficulties of organising intelligence data. This complex situation is due to the large number and diversity, not only of existing or planned systems – characterised by the type

SALLE MÉDICIS : CRISIS MANAGEMENT AND INFORMATION SUPERIORITY(CONT’D) Chairman : Général P. MARAL — EMA — FR

15:40

“Sort Loop”, new techniques and new organisations Recent crises show that the necessary reaction time has become almost instantaneous, taking into account the rythm of media information channels and the imbrication with civilian people that have to be protected. This allows to introduce innovative " short loop " concepts, leveraging capabilities of battlefield digitisation, e.g. with a common generalised tactical picture, a seamless upload for specific sensors up to the operative level with the capacity to be routed back if necessary, and a command system that is no more integrated to the intelligence system structure. C. SIMON — THALES Communications — FR

Information warfare

• The information technology tools being designed at THALES: assistance with persuasion techniques for psychological operations; assistance with the detection of disinformation. • Demonstration of PSYOPS tools. •Psychological operations units in NATO. C. MICHEL / C. BOUGERET — THALES Communications — FR

of onboard sensors (radar, optronic, electronic surveillance, acoustic, seismic, magnetic etc.) and platform (fixed or mobile, UAV, helicopter, attack aircraft, dedicated aircraft etc.) – but also of the different actors and/or bodies involved in gathering, processing and disseminating intelligence data. The aim of the studies and projects carried out in this context by EADS/MS&I on behalf of the DGA in the field of data merge multi-sensors is to provide a computer tool for: • managing the data gathered by the different sensors and guaranteeing interoperability of exchanged data while reducing the need for simple intervention by operators; • supplementing manual intelligence with semi-automatic or automatic intelligence systems, using data-merge techniques. The work under way includes, in particular: construction of a data-merge station for the ASRO-X airborne demonstrator; the definition of the future data-merge demonstrator for tactical intelligence (FURET, in cooperation with THALES Systèmes Aéroportés) and the simulation and modelling of data-merge performances in the framework of the COSMOS workshop on the design and specifications of multi-sensor systems. N. TOUITOU — EADS/SDE — FR

Introducing new types of crises in the definition of CIS.

CIS systems now take into account lower intensity crises, for which the needs to coordinate at the coalition level and the necessity to manage interfaces with civilian actors is largely reinforced. The same systems must nevertheless manage a transition from high to low intensity adapting to the evolution of operations. P. SUSLENSCHI — THALES Communications — FR

Integrated Systems for Surveillance, Command & Control Engagement.

Today’s crisis and conflict management mis-sions demand highly integrated, multi-functional, easy transportable systems provi-ding information and C2 superiority at a mini-mum cost for equipment and personnel, and affording a high level of protection for the crew. Jean THYRARD – EUROMISSILE, — FR

16:30 - 17:00 BREAK 17:00

SALLE MÉDICIS : INTEROPERABILITY– ARCHITECTURE

SALLE CLÉMENCEAU : CONCEPT – ARCHITECTURE (CONT’D)

Chairmen : B. RAMBAUD — P D G THALES Communications — FR CV CLAVAL — EMA — FR

Chairmen : GCA A. d’ANSELME — P.Y. CHALTIEL — FR Future ground segment architecture for surveillance systems

Multinational Interoperability IGA F. NAVILLE — Co-Président du C3 de l’OTAN — FR

An Information Superiority Lesson from the Gulf War and Kosovo.

The Gulf War and Kosovo showed that evolving ground surveillance and precision attack capabilities that make it possible to see and target vehicular movement are making it possible to defeat fielded land forces differently, achieving victory faster and with less risk. General C. Horner — ( US Air Force Retired ) — NORTHROP GRUMMAN — USA

NATO interoperability and national autonomy via the OPSNET operational network The conflict in Kosovo led the air force to commission the OPSNET command chain prototype developed by the CEAM (French military aviation test centre) and EADS. The designers describe the main lessons learnt from this operational experiment and promising development, which was the first cooperation venture of its kind between the forces and industry. H. GILIBERT — EADS/SDE/C3I — FR / J. F. LEBLAY – CEAM — FR

18:15

Given the wide range of possibilities, depending on the type of engagement and mission and the phase of deployment, it would be illusory to try and define once and for all the criteria for the ground segment architecture of future surveillance systems. It would be better to adopt a pragmatic approach taking into account the functions of that segment, existing systems and the considerable constraints in terms of modularity. F. DEVAMBEZ — THALES Communications — FR

Considerations on the role of humans in the design of airborne reconnaissance systems.

The use of human intelligence is an important factor for the success of reconnaissance systems. The paper discusses the question of the position within the functional chain of such systems at which human capabilities should be employed for the best system performance. H. NEUJAHR / Dr H. HESSEL — EADS Deutschland GmbH — D

The effects of stealth in permanent airborne intelligence and reconnaissance systems

The aim of this presentation is to describe the problems linked with the design of unmanned airborne systems for the purpose of intelligencegathering missions and to establish a comparison showing the merits of stealth systems. M. AMBERG / J.L. GUENEAU — Dassault Aviation — FR

9h00

SECOND DAY – 25 SEPTEMBER SALLE MÉDICIS : INTEROPERABILITY – ARCHITECTURE (CONT’D) SALLE CLÉMENCEAU : CONCEPT – ARCHITECTURE (CONT’D) Chairmen : B. RAMBAUD / CV CLAVAL How to progress on the path of interoperability. Despite a lot of standardisation initiatives, interoperability is still not there in many cases when coalitions deploy communication and information systems. Proactive initiatives from industry through ad hoc forums (ORCHIS, TACOMS post 2000) are mandatory to complete the NATO process,and designers and buyers should commit to enforce the existing and emerging standards to begin the convergence. Even inside armies, the necessity to build interoperability between systems arises each time a new system is fielded.The most straight forward need being to exchange common interest tactical information (COP concept). G. KINKELIN — THALES Communications — FR

Adapting CIS architecture concepts to ensure better interoperability

France’s Regimental Information System (SIR) will enable the French army to regroup all the systems deployed on the battlefield (weapons systems, sensor systems, etc.) and thus provide the armed forces command with an overall picture in a multinational projection context. Complementing SIR are a range of reusable components which, in the course of their development or improvement, can be adapted to fit into the interoperability grid as necessary. These components consist of a number of modules which are written in Java and are therefore easily transferable to the relevant hardware and software environment. One category concerns communications by providing, via ordinary SMTP access, communications with CIS in the various deployment scenarios necessary to guarantee command continuity: remote mode with radio communications; co-located mode with LAN communications; juxtaposed mode on the same work station. A second category deals with data by providing progressive processing of information received: consultation and generic edition of data exchanged with CPs; IPA retrieval of data for special processing in users’ applications. Finally, an associated environment consisting of the development and emulation of interfaces facilitates integration between reusable modules and existing system software. This environment can subsequently be reused for instruction and training platforms. These solutions have already been applied for interfacing a number of systems with the SIR. O. de PEUFEILHOUX — EADS/SDE/C3I — FR

Interoperability in a Multinational Context : Challenges, Opportunities and Prospects.

The end of the cold war and the extension of NATO’s missions beyond collective defence, together with political and international developments in Europe since the Treaty of Maastricht, have given multi-nationality both a new political status and an unprecedented operational dimension. For most expeditionary operations, multi-nationality is now the norm. And standing multinational formations, such as NATO’s Allied Rapid Reaction Corps or the Eurocorps, are no longer the exception. Yet, even if politically mandatory, multi-nationality’s operational effectiveness cannot be taken for granted and requires, as experience has shown, an extensive supporting “infrastructure”, from common technical standards to English language training. Further, multi-nationality is not a fixed state but an evolving condition, constantly in need of renewal. The adequacy of such concepts as “compatibility” and “interoperability” is being tested virtually daily in exercises and real-world operations, raising new, sometimes unprecedented issues over the sharing of intelligence information and the politico-military interface in a standing alliance or an ad hoc coalition. In this context, the federation of Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnais-sance assets and capabilities, to generate a “common operational picture”, assumes particular salience, operationally, technologically and, ultimately, politically, as the “glue” that will help bind allies and partners in crisis and conflict management. D. A. RUIZ PALMER — NORTHROP GRUMMAN INTERNATIONAL Inc. — USA

Chairmen : GCA A. d’ANSELME — P.Y. CHALTIEL — FR The use of targeting methods in decision-taking for crisis-resolution purposes

Very high-precision self-guided weaponry will be the major tool for indepth strikes in crisis-management situations. This new type of weaponry calls for more widespread and faster use of intelligence images, a need which is common to most targeting activities. The paper provides a panorama of the techniques for analysing intelligence images for the purpose of targeting and related activities (georeferencing, production of highresolution 3D data, target recognition and identification, allocation of weapons systems and determination of expected success rates and levels of precision, damage assessment, simulation of target systems etc.) R. VERGNET — EADS/SDE/ISR — FR

The problem of using images as evidence

Progress these past few years in the field of imaging technology has been such that an informed amateur can now produce falsified images with the help of an ordinary PC. Hence a digital image or digitalised photo cannot per se be used as evidence, unless there is total control over the whole production process. It is this reliability in terms of its content, source and geographic location which enables an image to be used as evidence. Intelligence activities involving UAVs with on-board sensors are particularly vulnerable to falsification of data and transmission errors. The challenge for the future is to define solutions for authenticating images and their content, if necessary vis-à-vis third parties (the media). There are two facets to the problem: image authentication and georeferencing. N. TOUITOU — EADS/SDE — FR

SALLE CLÉMENCEAU : SENSORS Chairman : D. MOCKLY — Directeur Adj. Avionique et Optronique SAGEM — FR SOSTAR, a European system for airborne ground surveillance.

The paper describes the SOSTAR Airborne Ground Surveillance system as it is currently being developed. SOSTAR complies with NATO’s requirements for an AGS system. In the first phase of the programme a demonstrator (SOSTAR-X) will be developed to evaluate the expected system performance. P. HOOGEBOOM — TNO-DELFT — N L

Multisite radar systems with data merge as a tool for achieving information superiority.

The principal advantages of Multisite Radar Systems as a technical tool for achieving information superiority are presented: increase of target detection range, coordination of measurements and tracking accuracy in active and passive modes, jamming and clutter resistance, survivability, etc. The main drawbacks and modern applications are con-sidered. Dr V. S. CHERNYAK — NIIRP — RU

SALLE MÉDICIS : INTEROPERABILITY – ARCHITECTURE (CONT’D) Chairmen : B. RAMBAUD — CV CLAVAL 10:15

Joint ISR : The Joint Information Network for Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance To achieve continuous and complete coverage of the theatre in strategic, operational and tactical operations it is increasingly important to integrate current and future ISR systems into a Joint ISR architecture. The presentation will provide an overview of the operational requirements and the elements needed for the design of such a joint architecture. The joint architecture shall enable rapid information exchange across system boundaries through interoperable interfaces and harmonised TTPs (Tactics, Techniques and Procedures) to enhance mission effectiveness. By means of a Joint ISR, compliant with NATO and German national requirements, German Forces will find an easy way to integrate into a coalition environment in multinational operations. System aspects, elements and components as well as a coordinated approach for architecture development and integration will be discussed. Dr E. LITTMAN — EADS Deutschland GmbH — DE

10:40 - 11:10 BREAK 11:10

Application of new information technologies for the architecture of Joint CIS The General Staff Headquarters of the Belgian Armed Forces has decided to acquire a command system for the purpose of providing advice, planning and monitoring the deployment of the Belgian Armed Forces in various theatres during crisis-management operations and assisting the civilian population in the event of a disaster. In association with a Belgian partner, EADS/MS&I has been selected by the General Staff Headquarters to develop this system, which is called BEMILOPSCIS.

SALLE CLÉMENCEAU : SENSORS (CONT’D) Chairman : D. MOCKLY — SAGEM — FR Design of parametric models for detection using SAR imagery

This paper presents the approach developed by CELAR for the creation of detection models based on actual interpretation of images by human operators. Such models can then be used for systems designed to assist with the drafting of specifications and the optimisation of resources. S. DAUVE — DGA/CELAR — FR

EADS/MS&I is responsible for the “operational side” comprising the Common Operational Picture (COP), cartography, data modelling (ATCCIS GH4, etc.), “conventional” (AdaptP-3) and future (XML) interoperability. R. HOUOT — EADS/SDE — FR

Airborne optronic reconnaissance system Data management and merge for military intelligence ONERA and THALES Communications have developed an experimental platform called OASIS. It is dedicated to merging military intelligence and is designed to be updated and dimensioned to adapt to various theatres.

This paper presents the concept of an airborne optronic reconnaissance system developed by THALES. It includes mission preparation facilities, a pod, a data link and ground processing station. J-C. FONTANELLA — THALES Otronique — FR

On the basis of this experiment, a range of key points will be discussed such as the cooperative sharing of information, management of reference material and data merge in under-structured contexts (very low knowledge of doctrines). V. ROYER / M. BARAT / P. CARLE — ONERA — FR

New threats and new sensors : mobile telephony, Internet, new generation satellites

Interoperability of communications networks

• continuity in the chain of command

The evolution of the geopolitical world context and the explosion of new technologies of information make the evaluation of threat more and more diffuse. The rapid change of the telecommunications world forces the governments to put in place new sensors, active or passive, able to interface with the civilian infrastructure or wireless networks.

• communications services and ensuring secure exchanges

J. F. GUENNEC — THALES Communications — FR

The interoperability of communications networks starting with National High Commands, major theatre CPs and extending down to regiment CPs and individual combat units in a multinational context:

• connecting SIOs at different operational levels • interoperability at the level of ‘data exchange’ services • interoperability at the level of ‘multi-media services’. These various aspects will cover: • the necessary opening of networks and ‘plug and play’ connections which must be made secure • the standardisation of architectures, services, interfaces and formats • the standardisation of communications channels, content and exchanges. L. FONDA / B. MATHISEN — THALES Communications — FR

12:30 - 14:00 LUNCH

14:00

SALLE MÉDICIS : INTEROPERABILITY– ARCHITECTURE (CONT’D)

SALLE CLÉMENCEAU : SENSORS (CONT’D)

Chairmen : B. RAMBAUD — CV CLAVAL

Chairman : D. MOCKLY — SAGEM — FR

Logical components as part of the C4I architecture Information technologies are increasingly being used for C4I. ILOG (http://www.ilog.com) supplies a comprehensive range of software components which are geared towards C++ and Java and meet requirements for visualisation, process optimisation and assistance with decision-taking in military and civil information systems. N. SAUTEREY — ILOG — FR

SALLE MÉDICIS : NETWORKS - COMMUNICATIONS - SECURITY Président : M. DARMON Directeur de l’Unité Networks Business Line THALES Communications — FR

Multi-Platform Radar Technology Insertion Programme (MPRTIP) Capabilities The next generation Multi-Platform Radar Technology Insertion Program’s radar possesses technical features that make unprecedented performance possible. Fully appreciating MP-RTIP’s capabilities requires examination of the reasons why all Ground Moving Target Indicator radars are not the same. MP-RTIP provides ‘orders of magnitude’ improvement in performance over what the American STARS currently provides and this system is the best now available. Only MP-RTIP can reliably track individual vehicles, even when they move in dense traffic. Dr D. BURTON — NORTHROP GRUMMAN — USA

SIGINT aircraft: multi-missions and information superiority Evolution of defence communications systems The acquisition of information superiority in crisis and conflict management requires military communications systems that can automatically transfer a considerable flow of digitalised information in secure conditions. Furthermore, the joint and multinational nature of military operations calls for a high level of interoperability of such networks. This means adopting open standards with a common security architecture. Finally, the continuing decline in the human and financial resources allocated to defence is leading to systems becoming organised on a joint services basis, to fixed networks being ‘externalised’ and to the adoption of modular architectures relying extensively on off-the-shelf products and dual technologies. Général P. HENRY — EADS Défence & Security Networks — FR

SIGINT aircraft, which are essential for controlling information and have the benefit of 3D images, are now part of a system within a system. Their design is moving in the direction of multi-mission systems using complementary electromagnetic and optical sensors. However they must also take account of the way in which threats are developing. Ph. WODKA-GALLIEN — THALES Airborne Systems — FR

Offensive jamming systems Use of “soft” weapons in modern warfare: gaining political control in new conflict situations will depend increasingly on having coherent and flexible tools for military action. As a result of new developments in state-of-the-art digital technologies, new-generation offensive jamming systems are ideal in this respect. J. -Ph. GOURION — THALES Airborne Systems — FR

Cooperative intrusion detection With the current growing need to protect information systems, intrusion detection offers a promising, but for the moment still imperfect solution. In this paper we compare the advantages and drawbacks of the approaches that are currently available and describe the techniques available for improving the final diagnosis in the event of attack. F. CUPPENS — ONERA — FR

Tactical Internet, the new interoperability layer of the battlefield The digitisation of the battlefield leads to a new layer for data exchange between the tactical and the operative layer, introducing a revolution in the traditional hierarchical archirtecture of the battlefield communications. The Tactical Internet, generally coming along with a high capacity data radio, is a layer of lateral and vertical information exchanges, mainly used for situation awareness, for friends and enemies.

Status and future options of the CL-289 army reconnaissance system The CL-289 army drone is a tactical reconnaissance system in service with the French and German armies. The presentation will give an overview of the current system status and report on recent experiences in Bosnia and Kosovo. A second focus will concern on-going enhancement efforts as well as options for a substantial modernisation and improvement programme. As one major feature, this programme will shrink the current overall system necessary to operate the UAV and substantially cut operation costs. From the military point of view, the drone will be provided with a modern modular payload concept allowing for inplace "plug and play" exchange of all-digital, state-of-the-art SAR, EO & IR payloads supplying boosted reconnaissance performance.

15:40 - 16:10 BREAK 16:10

P. LARDILLEUX — THALES Communications — FR

Dr E. LITTMANN — EADS Deutschland GmbH — DE

SALLE CLÉMENCEAU : CARRIERS Syracuse 3 and military space communications in France and Europe

Chairman : Dr C. FARGEON — D G A/DSA — FR

This paper deals with the Syracuse 3 military space communications programme and the opportunities that will arise, following the launch of the first Syracuse 3A satellite in 2003, for operational and industrial cooperation with NATO and with France’s allies.

Decision-making autonomy in drone systems – an option for the future?

B. JAEGER — ALCATEL Space Industries — FR

New security architectures to support the opening of systems.

On tactical as well as strategic networks, security concepts adapt to new protocols and new technologies : explosion of the throughput in security equipments, integration of COTS and standard software bricks, application of civilian security concepts (IPSEC, PKI) to military contexts. The opening and complexification of strategic networks opens the door to new proteiform attacks : hackers, service denials. The answers go beyond traditionnal security cyphering equipments: fire walls, secure VPN , intrusion detection tools, strong authentication forte of users, urging for dynamic solutions for global management of security. For "Digital Battlefield" type tactical communications, smart introduction of NETSEC bricks allows to complete the more traditional COMSEC/TRANSEC approaches, while preserving the basic characteristics of these networks : :mobility, multicast, autoconfiguration ansd ease of use. S. GHEZ — THALES Communications — Fr

There could soon be a technological leap in developments concerning the onboard integration of highly advanced technical information-processing drones. What decision-making autonomy is possible? Where do the new opportunities lie? When will this happen? P. FABIANI – ONERA — FR

New developments in drone systems EADS is working on the various components of drone systems. The presentation will describe the market sectors, products that exist or are being developed, EADS products and their potential use in the framework of information gathering. J. C. BERTRAND — EADS/SDE/ISR — FR

UAV interoperability as a tool for intelligence and communication superiority : SAGEM industrial approach Operational challenges of UAV interoperability are a key to C4ISR superiority. They govern requirements for UAV functions like mission-planning, communication, flight management, human interfaces. SAGEM UAV’s industrial approach illustrates the concepts with practical examples. G. THIN — SAGEM SA — FR

SALLE MÉDICIS : NETWOKS - COMMUNICATIONS - SECURITY (CONT’D)

SALLE CLÉMENCEAU : CARRIERS (CONT’D)

Chairman : M. DARMON — THALES BNL — FR

Chairman : Dr C. FARGEON — D G A /DSA — FR

Software radio, a revolutionnary approach for tactical communications. The US program JTRS opens the era of software radio, entirely programmable, offering a completely reconfigurable radio link, regarding the mission and the links that are asked for : distance, datarate, platform to be connected to, and which moreover shakes all the radio market,separating the acquisition of hardware and software. Beyond the technical challenges, it will be the new founding brick of tactical communications, intruducing broadband services and security, paving the way for ambiant networks. B. DÉMOTES MAINARD — THALES Communications — FR

ARISTOTE – the new extensive transit network

The problem of how to interconnect networks in a joint services context and using a satellite segment has been solved with the ARISTOTE unified transit system which can be fitted on ships at sea, tactical CPs on the ground and deployed air bases alike. The technology the system uses optimises the use of satellite channels while guaranteeing inter-operation between the tactical networks of each component.

“Euro-Hawk” - the European HALE UAV approach for ISR

As a key element of a future European ‘Joint ISR Architecture’ a high-altitude long-endurance (HALE) unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) will satisfy the operational needs for wide area operative-tactical reconnaissance and surveillance. Based on the US ‘Global Hawk’ platform, investigations will be performed for optimised technical solutions; the ‘Euro-Hawk’ will integrate European mission equipment which will be adapted to the operational needs of the national users. The various mission payloads will cover imaging surveillance and reconnaissance technology as well as passive sensors for gathering intelligence information. The use of national ground segments will be evaluated to figure out the required effort of adaptation / completion, especially to be interoperable within NATO. The presentation will address the overall operational requirements, the technical solution chosen and the development timetable. Dr E. LITTMANN — EADS Deutschland GmbH — DE

E. LEFEBVRE — THALES Communications — FR

EADS Telecommunications :

Using the most advanced civil and military technologies to provide users with the best system for their defence and security networks M. MOREAU — EADS Défence & Security Networks — FR M. de SAVIGNY — EADS Deutschland — DE

18:15

18h30

COCKTAIL given by Alcatel Space Industries, EADS, SAGEM SA & THALES Communications Welcome : Christian PONCELET, Président du Sénat

8:30

THIRD DAY – 26 SEPTEMBER SALLE MÉDICIS : NETWORKS - COMMUNICATIONS - SECURITY SALLE CLÉMENCEAU : CARRIERS (CONT’D) (CONT’D) Chairman : M. DARMON — THALES N B L — FR

Chairman : Dr C. FARGEON — D G A/DSA — FR

RITA 2000, the new-generation tactical communications system that is rapidly deployable in the field (Plug & Play)

The presentation will cover manned platforms, on the basis of the Horizon system and the improved versions derived from it which are under study, and rotary wing UAVs.

Helicopter surveillance systems

Although RITA 2000 incorporates the features (mobility of both the network and its subscribers) that made the first-generation RITA a success, it represents an innovation in terms of the concept of a tactical ground network and is the core of the digital battlefield telecommunications component. It provides secure communications services as regards radio telegraphy and data, which are compatible with civilian standards (RNIS, IP, ATM) and which promote the use of the latest facilities that command centres require: operational automation, video transmission, teleconferencing, etc. Equipped with state-of-the-art technologies, it can rapidly be deployed to external theatres and requires fewer personnel to operate it. As a result of its interoperability with French or NATO fixed and tactical networks in the civil or military sector, it is compatible with the new scenarios for use by multinational forces. RITA 2000 is an indispensable link in the command chain, and will smooth the transition from a conventional operational network to the “tactical Internet” concept. J. -L. DEBEURET — THALES Communications — FR

New information and communications technologies (NICT) on the digital battlefield

This paper looks at NICT concepts emerging in the civilian sector from a dual-use perspective and places them in the context of the digital battlefield, with regard in particular to the following areas: • UMTS protocols and the range of applications for protocol stacks which can be reconfigured in the future “software radio” and ad hoc networks; •the new IETF Internet protocols (DiffServ, IPSec etc.) for the management of QoS and security in tactical Intranets. •Programmable network architectures (Jini concept, active networks, ambient networks) intermediation architectures and new security architectures offering customisable dedicated services in the battlefield CIS.

J.ALLARD — EADS Eurocopteur — FR

"SEAMOS" – the EADS Dornier VTOL UAV Sys-tem The paper will address the missions of the maritime UAV "SEAMOS" as an integrated surveillance and reconnaissance system on a Naval Unit, such as surface surveillance, classification, identification, target acquisition and tracking, over-thehorizon targeting, battle damage assessment and support of Land Forces operations at the coast. The technical concept chosen will be presented, providing information about the air vehicle, the payload, the data links, the shipboard integration with the ship’s Combat Direction System (CDS) and the concept of the automatic landing system. The paper will highlight some reliability and certification aspects, requirements for operation and maintenance personnel as well as the system’s ability to be configures for other missions and integration with other ships. Finally some information about the ongoing development programme will be given. Dr E. LITTMANN — EADS Deutschland GmbH — DE

SALLE CLÉMENCEAU : SATELLITES & DATA ANALYSIS Chairmen : ICA T. DUQUESNE — DGA/SPOTI — FR J. THOULOUSE — Directeur Commercial ALCATEL Space Industries — FR The advantage of satellite imagery for Europe

M. RIGUIDEL — ENST — FR

In the present geopolitical climate, recent experience, from the Gulf war to the various successive conflicts in the Balkans, has highlighted the strategic importance of space-based assets in managing future conflicts.

Reliable multicast applied to technical networks

Reliable multicast is an emerging technique for efficiently distributing information from a source to a set of receivers over a communication network. This paper presents an analysis of its benefits and vulnerabilities when applied to tactical military networks. A. CULLEN — BAE SYSTEMS — UK

Internet protocols

After briefly going over the historical background to the Internet, we will present the different layers (network, routing, application and security). We will focus in particular on the limitations of the IP V4 protocol and on its progression towards the IP V6. In conclusion, we will demonstrate that Internet protocols are particularly well-suited to the military sphere. G. AUTIER — EADS Sycomore — FR

Because the Horizon system can be used at both the operational and tactical levels either for general surveillance missions for to assist with combat intelligence, the presentation will include aspects reflecting a number of topics covered by the symposium, in particular network architecture, modernisation programmes, mobile and deployable systems, interoperability between joint services and allies, lessons learnt in Kosovo, data processing and merge, mission preparation, use of civil technologies, etc.

Furthermore, these assets can be used at any stage in a crisis: in preventing, managing or resolving it. They are capable of detecting a crisis in its early stages and facilitating assessment of the risks involved before these turn into threats. Their mobility and flexibility means that early notification is received, so that decisionmakers have more time to make the relevant decisions and prepare generic plans for possible action. Lastly, if a crisis does break out, observation from space can be of major assistance in its management and resolution and can, in extreme cases, reduce the need for direct exposure of other assets. F. DAVARA — WEU Satellite Centre in Torrejón — SP

The dual-use of civilian Earth observation systems. This lecture will start with a short summary of the main characteristics of EO systems which have a dual use, then focus on military surveillance requirements, the use of civilian imagery for military purposes; some studies will be described in detail to illustrate the merits of a space-based earth observation capability. C. BERNARD — SPOT IMAGE, — FR

10:10 - 10:40 BREAK

10::40

SALLE MÉDICIS : SYSTEMS & SIMULATION

SALLE CLÉMENCEAU : SATELLITES & DATA ANALYSIS (CONT’D)

Chairman : A. COURSIMAULT — Dir. Gén. EADS /SDE — FR

Chairmen : ICA T. DUQUESNE — DGA/SPOTI — FR J. THOULOUSE — ALCATEL Space Industries — FR

COFDM digital transmission: a high-bit rate modern technology to match the growing needs of operational military communications There is a need these days for high-bit rate communication networks at all levels of the armed forces in order to improve information flows. The same constraints as for civilian radio communication networks apply – a demand for increasingly high bit rates and growing numbers of users, while limiting the use of spectral resources – but in addition, military environments call for particularly secure and robust transmission techniques. COFDM (Coded Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex) modulation has a number of characteristics consistent with those requirements. P. LEMAHIEU — SAGEM SA — FR

The advantages of linguistic analysis and data processing tools A number of factors pose obstacles to information superiority in the military world: •globalisation of conflicts: from a military point of view globalisation overturned the concept of what a crisis is. Following the end of the cold war, what had been a clear strategic risk of an East/West clash based on conventional warfare accompanied by a massive nuclear strike gave way to many and various types of risk generated by globalisation and fragmentation; •scarcity of sources of analysis: in parallel, the move to professional armed forces involving a revision of their composition is increasing the expertise of personnel and leading to specialised missions; •an exponential increase in the flow of information. As in the civilian world, the military sector is swamped by the flow of information, which is a direct consequence of globalisation and the widespread use of Web technologies. There is therefore the same need for tools and an approach that can not only retrieve information but which also carry out a constant and comprehensive analysis of its content. The increasing and varied forms of adversity, scarcer analysis resources, an information overload and the growing number of working languages all call for a review of techniques and systems used to process information. One factor in meeting this challenge successfully and achieving greater information superiority lies in linguistic processing tools. This paper analyses those tools and their applications for the purpose of intelligence. H. GIBERT — SEMA CONSULTING — FR

Electronic warfare mission-support systems The growing complexity and diversity of the threats with which modern theatres have to contend have led to the development of a new generation of electronic warfare equipment involving dedicated information systems relying heavily on technical and operational simulations. These dedicated information systems are grouped together in Electronic Warfare Centres. We will present the architecture of those systems, the concepts for their utilisation and issues of interoperability in the light of the new challenges to be faced. R. SERRANO — THALES Airborne Systems — FR

The new LAS,V LAS and WLAS concepts in support of “digital battlespace” • LAS: high bit flow local area network for a command post. Today’s operational requirements call for office automation technologies and communications directed at the general public. LAS architecture provides operational command posts with all the services available to a company-type network while guaranteeing the provision, under secure conditions, of certain military services such as user mobility and local network developments. • VLAS: combat vehicle with an on-board integrated services network. This has become a critical element in combat vehicles for integrating operational information systems and sensors in a ‘system architecture’. The development of new multirole combat platforms must integrate an on-board communications system from the design phase. This system must be: • rational: keeping the number of cables and specialised services to a minimum; • adaptable: able to meet the requirements of all the different combat platform versions; • able to develop: so as to meet future requirements during the vehicle’s lifetime. • WLAS: cordless multi-service interconnections. When physical connections between platforms or adversaries pose a problem, conventional combat radio facilities cannot cope with the huge flow of information. This is where emerging WLAS technologies come into their own as they can be used: • for inter-vehicle communications in tactical command posts; • by the soldier of the future.

Satellite reconnaissance – 3rd generation optical observation satellites

With a view to the 2010 horizon, the 3rd generation military optical observation satellite system will provide considerably improved image (quality of system-acquired data) and mission (image sequencing) capabilities compared with the current generation (Helios 1) and the one under development (Helios 2). At the same time the cost of such a system will be significantly lower as a result of new system-dimensioning methods and the technological know-how companies have acquired in high-resolution observation. Furthermore, the 3rd generation system will offer a direct accessing capability from the operations theatre, which will make it possible to add a tactical dimension to the conventional strategic missions carried out by the present generation of observation systems. Ph. MARTIMORT — ALCATEL Space Industries

— FR

Satellite reconnaissance: optical complementarity – spacebased observation radar and data merge for intelligence

This paper explains how optical and radar sensors for intelligence acquisition are complementary in terms of accessing times, precision and reliability. It demonstrates that only systems which integrate a data merge capability are operationally effective for meeting urgent (tactical) requirements in a given situation, providing the required precision of information (surgical strike), ensuring its reliability (rate of false alarms and sensitivity to decoys) and detecting system vulnerability. E. SAVARIA — ALCATEL Space Industries — FR

Skyworld/Iris-M: a very high resolution space-based radar observation system

In response to recent events, Alcatel Space & Thales have designed and are proposing an operational observation system capable of acquiring, in an operations theatre such as Kosovo, very high resolution images over ten or so sites every day and without being subject to any weather constraints. Using proven techniques and technologies, this cluster of four satellites could be developed today by European space industry. N. LANNELONGUE / O. HIERNAUX — ALCATEL Space Industries — FR

Satellite reconnaissance: GMES and European information capabilities for security

The GMES framework will allow increased use of satellite-based observation to monitor the environment and security. The paper presents its contribution to policy making, short-term crisis management and longterm strategic conflict prevention. R. ALOISI / G.TAREL — ALCATEL Space Industries — FR

L. ROFFEL — THALES Communications — FR

12:30 - 14:00 LUNCH

SALLE MÉDICIS : SYSTEMS & SIMULATION (CONT’D)

SALLE CLÉMENCEAU : SATELLITES & DATA ANALYSIS (CONT’D)

Chairman : A. COURSIMAULT — EADS /SDE — FR

Chairmen : ICA T. DUQUESNE — DGA/SPOTI — FR J.TOULOUSE — ALCATEL Space Industries — FR

The SCCOA programme: an original approach launched at the beginning of the 1990s

The COSMO-SkyMed mission: a powerful tool for risk management and environment protection

The EADS “Industrial Architect” team presents the feedback from its experience with the SCCOA (System for the Command and Control of Airborne Operations) programme and the numerous challenges it faces: mastering an unparalleled degree of complexity resulting from the need to remain operational, proactively supporting a major change of operational concept and coping with the rapid development of underlying technologies.

COSMO-SkyMed is an end-to-end Earth Observation System dedicated to the remote sensing and data exploitation for dual-use (military and civil) applications. The main mission objective is therefore the provision of data, products and services relevant to the : • monitoring, surveillance and intelligence applications of MoD entities, • environment monitoring, surveillance and risk management applications of institutional entities, • environmental resources management, maritime management, Earth topografic mapping, lax enforcement, informative / science applications of other institutional, scientific and commercial entities.

14:00

H. GILIBERT — EADS/SDE/C3I — FR

R. VIGLIOTTI / F. RUBERTONE — ALENIA SPAZIO — IT

The information systems of the French Navy

How to offer a multinational maritime component the operational information system it needs to operate, without knowing in advance the members of the coalition and considering each of them goes on its own way regarding the evolution of information technology ? CV T. BONNE — EMM — FR

Applying the theory of complex systems to operational simulations.

The presentation focuses on the simulation of resources (material and human) in a complex environment. It will address: • a comparison of the different modelling techniques; • the advantages of this new approach; • its potential applications; • its interoperability with other simulations (use of HLA) and existing CIS; • examples of industrial applications. P. L. CHAVANAT — WED Consultants — FR / E. CHIVA – MASA — FR

Space-based systems for in-theatre meteorological data

France’s experience during recent operations (the Gulf, Rwanda, former Yugoslavia) brought home the shortfalls that exist in the field of weather forecasts as an aid to decision-making. Space systems could supply meteorological data directly to personnel operating in the theatre, making them less dependent on mainland France and speeding up the decisionmaking process. The results of a study conducted by Alcatel Space and METEO France will be presented. R. ALOISI / P. PULTINI — ALCATEL Space Industries — FR

EAGLE VISION: access to intelligence in the theatre

The paper and communication presents Eagle Vision the first deployable commercial satellite imagery receiving and processing systems, from a Desert Storm need for a responsive images acquisition for USAF applications during operations. Y. LAFEUILLADE — EADS/SDE/ISR — FR

IQA satellite reconnaissance – a software tool for assistance with requests for space imagery

Positioning and dating resources

The operational management of a forces system in a perpetually changing environment calls for optimum use to be made of all available resources able to provide useful positioning and dating information. C. SARROU — DGA/LRBA — FR

IQA is a tool that helps users who are unfamiliar with satellite images to choose the best image file that will allow them to extract data on a given subject (risk management, environment issues, agriculture, etc.). S. HOUZELLE — ALCATEL Space Industries — FR

15:40 - 16:10 BREAK

16:10

SALLE MÉDICIS : SYSTEMS & SIMULATION (CONT’D)

SALLE CLÉMENCEAU : SATELLITES & DATA ANALYSIS

Chairman : A. COURSIMAULT — EADS /SDE — FR

Chairmen : ICA T. DUQUESNE — DGA/SPOTI — FR J.TOULOUSE — ALCATEL Space Industries — FR

Galileo

This paper presents the Galileo system, the reasons for launching the programme and the issues at stake in the field of foreign, security and defence policy. A. MASSON — ALCATEL Space Industries — FR

Application of constraint programming methods for operational planning: use in the planning of airborne operations

The planning of airborne operations is a complex task in that it requires the coordination of a large number of resources with a wide range of characteristics in terms of operational capability and availability. Execution times are short and the constraints numerous in terms of coordinating the different players, trajectories, non-conflict of different missions, aircraft performance, refuelling capabilities and links between missions (COMAO). Under such conditions, and given the number of possible combinations, the planning of airborne missions takes days of preparation and a coordinated approach by the different operators. Constraint programming offers a good technical solution to those problems. It enables quick automatic identification of solutions corresponding to different criteria, for example in certain sub-items of the plan, while allowing the operator to intervene in the more critical aspects. These techniques have been incorporated into the CINNATO and PROFORCE projects, which this paper presents.

Importance of geographic data consistency between information sensor and weapons systems

Geography has always been important for the activities of armed forces. A major concern of the military is to have a capability for localising, orienting and navigating. The only tool traditionally used for this purpose is cartography in paper form. Over the years it has come to be recognised as indispensable but inadequate in many cases. More recently, there has therefore been a trend towards producing digital data and services associated with this development. Digitalisation technology is better able to meet the new requirements arising from weapons systems that increasingly need more precise and detailed data. The use of digital geographic data has therefore become widespread but, as with any new development that takes place quickly, it has brought with it a number of problems such as data consistency, standardisation and qualification or, in a word, systems interoperability. In our presentation we shall try to show that, without neglecting the other problems referred to, one problem in particular is fundamental, namely, geographic data consistency. J. M. MAZZANTI — SAGEM SA — FR

J. HU — EADS/SDE/C3I — FR

Geographic information superiority in armed forces Distributed simulation and training: the results of the RESIDENT and ESTHER programmes

The use of simulation for systems control: simulation is being used increasingly : • to assist with the definition of complex systems; • as a decision-aid and a tool for optimising the operational use of systems. The paper demonstrates with the aid of a practical example the expected benefits of simulation in connection with the definition and use of future intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance systems. It is based on the experience being gleaned from the ongoing SICAST/COSMOS projects which enables us to measure the added value of the solutions proposed. Distributed training: the RESIDENT and ESTHER projects explore the requirements and possibilities for the training of army units using distributed human and material resources: simulation, animated techniques, post-action analysis etc. They make use of available IT and distributed simulation resources (HLA). It is expected that these approaches will offer economic benefits as compared with more traditional solutions: • less travel by trainees and trainers; • more frequent training due to more efficient use and improved availability of resources. D. GRIGNON — EADS/SDE/C3I — FR

17:25 End of symposium

The science of geographic information superiority is on the point of moving on from its past status of support data to the new status it will henceforth have as critical data in the information chain, in that it will be a critical systems component. While the gradual but rapid progression from analogue to digital technology (e.g. from the JOG card to the VMAP file) is important, it does not provide the only motivation. It is not the information medium in itself which is crucial and even though digital technology is here to stay, paper maps, films etc. continue to be ideal for many applications. B. PIKEROEN — THALES Communications — FR

CCAM – a system for producing digitalised geographic data for the French air force and navy

The CCAM, which has been operational since the second half of 2000, produces digital geographic data used by CIS, mission preparation systems and observation and reconnaissance systems of the French air force and navy. B. KIENTZ / C. PARIS — EADS/SDE/ISR — FR