ST/ESA/STAT/SER.G/64 (Vol. I)

Department of Economic and Social Affairs Statistics Division

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook Volume I Trade by Country

United Nations New York, 2016

DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL AFFAIRS The Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat is a vital interface between global policies in the economic, social and environmental spheres and national action. The Department works in three main interlinked areas: (i) it compiles, generates and analyses a wide range of economic, social and environmental data and information on which Member States of the United Nations draw to review common problems and to take stock of policy options; (ii) it facilitates the negotiations of Member States in many intergovernmental bodies on joint courses of action to address ongoing or emerging global challenges; and (iii) it advises interested Governments on the ways and means of translating policy frameworks developed in United Nations conferences and summits into programmes at the country level and, through technical assistance, helps build national capacities. NOTE Symbols of United Nations documents are composed of capital letters combined with figures. The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Where the designation “country or area” appears in this publication, it covers countries, territories, cities or areas. In previous issues of this publication, where the designation “country” appears in the headings of tables, it should be interpreted to cover countries, territories, cities or areas. In some tables, the designation “developed” economies is intended for statistical convenience and does not necessarily express a judgement about the stage reached by a particular country or area in the development process.

ST/ESA/STAT/SER.G/64 Vol. I UNITED NATIONS PUBLICATION Sales No. E.16.XVII.2 H ISBN 978-92-1-161611-8 eISBN 978-92-1-058149-3 ISSN 1010-447X Enquiries should be directed to Sales and Marketing Section Outreach Division Department of Public Information United Nations New York 10017 USA E-mail: [email protected] Internet: http://unp.un.org Copyright  United Nations, 2016 All rights reserved

PREFACE The 2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook (2015 ITSY) is the sixty-fourth edition of this yearbook. Its objective is to inform about the detailed merchandise and services imports and exports of individual countries (areas) by commodity and service category and by partner country (volume I), the world trade in individual commodities (3-digit SITC groups and 11 main EBOPS categories) (volume II) and total world merchandise trade up to the year 2015. The two volumes are prepared at different points in time during 2016: Volume I - Trade by Country is made electronically available in June, and Volume II - Trade by Commodity, in December, as the preparation of the tables in Volume II requires additional country data which, normally, become available later in the year. Beginning with 2013 edition, trade in services data was introduced to the International Trade Statistics Yearbook: Volume I - Trade by Country. Therefore, the content and format of the yearbook were redesigned to take into account new additions of graphs, tables and analytical text. The data used in the tables and graphs in both volumes of the yearbook are taken at a specific time (June 2016) from the publicly available UN Comtrade (http://comtrade.un.org) database. Users are advised to visit the database for additional and more current information as it is continuously updated. The International Trade Statistics Yearbook is prepared by the Trade Statistics Branch of the Statistics Division, Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat. Under the general supervision of the Chief of Branch, Ronald Jansen, the programme manager is Markie Muryawan and the chief editor is Habibur Rahman Khan, assisted by Marjorie Imperial-Damaso. Bekuretsion Amdemariam and Htu Aung have the leading role in the processing of merchandise data and of services data, respectively. Habibur Rahman Khan, Kenneth Iversen, Nancy Snyder, Karoly Kovacs, Salomon Cameo and Markie Muryawan provided valuable contribution to the inclusion of trade in services data and the improvement of production processes. However, all staff of the branch are involved in the generation of the data and the review/validation of the yearbook. Markie Muryawan, Salomon Cameo and Luis Gonzalez Morales developed the original software which is maintained by Melissa Paca and Salomon Cameo. Comments and feedback on the yearbook are welcome. They may be sent to [email protected] / [email protected] or to United Nations Statistics Division, Trade Statistics Branch, New York, New York 10017, USA.

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

iii

TABLE OF CONTENTS Page

Introduction .............................................................................................................................................................. vii Concepts and definitions of International Merchandise Trade Statistics ............................................................. viii Concepts and definitions of Statistics of International Trade in Services............................................................

x

Description of world trade tables of part 1 (Tables A and D) .............................................................................. xiv Description of tables and graphs of Country profiles in part 2 ............................................................................ xv Sources ................................................................................................................................................................ xvii Method of Estimation .......................................................................................................................................... xvii Conversion of classification ................................................................................................................................ xviii Currency conversion and Period .......................................................................................................................... xix Country Nomenclature and Country Grouping.................................................................................................... xix Abbreviations and Explanation of symbols .............................................................................................................. xxiii Disclaimer................................................................................................................................................................. xxiv Contact...................................................................................................................................................................... xxiv Part 1: World Trade Tables.......................................................................................................................................

1

Total merchandise trade by regions and countries or areas (Table A) .................................................................

2

World merchandise exports by provenance and destination (Table D) ............................................................... 20 Part 2: Country Trade Profiles .................................................................................................................................. 57 Countries (or areas) ............................................................................................................................................. 58 European Union ................................................................................................................................................... 398

iv

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Part 2: COUNTRY TRADE PROFILES Page

Page

Page

Greece

184

Greenland

186

Guatemala

188

Guinea

190

Guyana

192

Honduras

194

Hungary

196

Iceland

198

India

200

Indonesia

202

136

Iran (Islamic Republic of)

204

Congo

138

Ireland

206

82

Cook Islands

140

Israel

208

Bangladesh

84

Costa Rica

142

Italy

210

Barbados

86

Côte d’Ivoire

144

Jamaica

212

Belarus

88

Croatia

146

Japan

214

Belgium

90

Cyprus

148

Jordan

216

Belize

92

Czech Republic

150

Kazakhstan

218

Benin

94

Denmark

152

Kenya

220

Bermuda

96

Dominica

154

Kiribati

222

Bhutan Bolivia (Plurinational State of) Bosnia and Herzegovina

98

Dominican Republic

156

Korea, Republic of

224

Ecuador

158

Kuwait

226

Egypt

160

Kyrgyzstan

228

El Salvador

162

Latvia

230

Central African Republic

124

Chile

126

China

132

Afghanistan

58

Albania

60

Algeria

62

Andorra Antigua and Barbuda Argentina

64

Armenia

70

Aruba

72

Australia

74

Austria

76

China, Macao Special Administrative Region Colombia

Azerbaijan

78

Comoros

Bahamas

80

Bahrain

66 68

100 102

China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region

128

130 134

Estonia

164

Lebanon

232

Botswana

104

Ethiopia

166

Lesotho

234

Brazil

106

Fiji

168

Lithuania

236

Brunei Darussalam

108

Finland

170

Luxembourg

238

Bulgaria

110

240

112

172

Madagascar

Burkina Faso

France including Monaco

174

242

114

French Polynesia

Malawi

Burundi

176

244

116

Gambia

Malaysia

Cabo Verde

178

246

118

Georgia

Maldives

Cambodia

180

248

120

Germany Ghana

Mali

Cameroon Canada

Malta Mauritania

250

122

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

182

252

v

Page

Page

Mauritius

254

Samoa

322

Mexico

256

Micronesia (Federated Staes of)

324

258

Sao Tome and Principe Saudi Arabia

326

Mongolia

260

Senegal

328

Montenegro

262

Serbia

330

Montserrat

264

Sierra Leone

332

Morocco

266

Singapore

334

Mozambique

268

Slovakia

336

Namibia

270

Slovenia

338

Nepal

272

Solomon Islands

340

Netherlands

274

South Africa

342

New Caledonia

276

Spain

344

New Zealand

278

Sri Lanka

346

Nicaragua

280

State of Palestine

348

Niger

282

Sudan

350

Nigeria

284

Suriname

352

Norway, including Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands

Sweden

354

286

SwitzerlandLiechtenstein

356

Oman

288

Thailand

358

Pakistan

290

Panama

292

360

Papua New Guinea

294

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Paraguay

296

Togo

362

Peru

298

Tonga

364

Philippines

300

Tunisia

366

Poland

302

Turkey

368

Portugal

304

Turks and Caicos Islands

370

Qatar Republic of Moldova Romania

306

Uganda

372

308

374

Russian Federation

312

Ukraine United Arab Emirates United Kingdom

Rwanda Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia

314

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

vi

310

316 318 320

United Republic of Tanzania United States of America, including Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands

Page Uruguay

384

Vanuatu Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Viet Nam

386

Yemen

392

Zambia

394

Zimbabwe

396

European Union (28 member states)

398

388 390

376 378 380

382

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

INTRODUCTION 1. The International Trade Statistics Yearbook: Volume I - Trade by Country, provides an overview of the latest trends of trade in goods and services of most countries and areas in the world. The publication is aimed at both specialist trade data users and common audience at large. The presented data, charts and analyses will benefit policy makers, government agencies, non-government organizations, civil society organizations, journalists, academics, researchers, students, businesses and anyone who is interested in trade issues. 2. The main content of the yearbook is divided into two parts. Part 1 consists of two detailed world data tables on merchandise trade. One presents total merchandise imports and exports by countries, areas and regions in a time series up to the latest year, the other shows world merchandise exports by group of commodity and by provenance and destination in many smaller time series sub-tables. Part 2 contains the country trade profiles for most countries and areas in the world. The profiles offer an insight into the merchandise and services trade performance of individual countries and areas by means of brief descriptive text, concise data tables and charts using latest available data. For further information on data availability, please see the sources section of this Introduction. 3. The yearbook is also made available online at the publications repository of the UN Statistics Division (http://unstats.un.org/unsd/pubs). For more detailed and latest available data, please consult UN Comtrade (http://comtrade.un.org), which is the source of the information presented in the yearbook, and which is continuously updated.

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

vii

Concepts and definitions of International Merchandise Trade Statistics 4. The merchandise trade data in this Yearbook have been compiled by national statistical authorities largely complying with the United Nations recommended International Merchandise Trade Statistics, Concepts and Definitions 2010 (IMTS 2010).1 The main elements of the concepts and definitions are: i. Coverage: As a general guideline, it is recommended that international merchandise trade statistics record all goods which add to or subtract from the stock of material resources of a country by entering (imports) or leaving (exports) its economic territory. The general guideline is subject to the clarifications provided in IMTS 2010, in particular, to the specific guidelines in chapter 1 concerning the inclusion or exclusion of certain categories of goods. ii. Time of recording: As a general guideline, it is recommended that goods be recorded at the time when they enter or leave the economic territory of a country. iii. Statistical territory: The statistical territory of a country is the territory with respect to which trade data are being compiled. The definition of the statistical territory may or may not coincide with the economic territory of a country or its customs territory, depending on the availability of data sources and other considerations. It follows that when the statistical territory of a country and its economic territory differ, international merchandise trade statistics do not provide a complete record of inward and outward flows of goods. iv. Trade systems: Depending on what parts of the economic territory are included in the statistical territory, the trade data-compilation system adopted by a country (its trade system) may be referred to as general or special. a) The general trade system is in use when the statistical territory coincides with the economic territory. Consequently, it is recommended that the statistical territory of a country applying the general trade system comprises all applicable territorial elements. In this case, imports include goods entering the free circulation area, premises for inward processing, industrial free zones, premises for customs warehousing or commercial free zones and exports include goods leaving those territorial elements; b) The special trade system is in use when the statistical territory comprises only a particular part of the economic territory, so that certain flows of goods which are in the scope of IMTS 2010 are not included in either import or export statistics of the compiling country. The strict definition of the special trade system is in use when the statistical territory comprises only the free circulation area, that is, the part within which goods “may be 1

At its forty-first session, held from 23 to 26 February 2010, the Statistical Commission adopted the revised recommendations “International merchandise trade statistics: concepts and definitions 2010” (IMTS 2010) which provide very important amendments while retaining the existing conceptual framework contained in the previous recommendations. The publication is available under Statistical Papers, Series M No. 52, Rev.3 (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.10.XVII.13) and electronically at: http://unstats.un.org/unsd/pubs/gesgrid.asp?id=449.

viii

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

disposed of without customs restriction”. Consequently, in such a case, imports include only goods entering the free circulation area of a compiling country and exports include only goods leaving the free circulation area of a compiling country. c) The relaxed definition of the special trade system is in use when (a) goods that enter a country for, or leave it after, inward processing, as well as (b) goods that enter or leave an industrial free zone, are also recorded and included in international merchandise trade statistics v. Classification: It is recommended that countries use the Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System (HS) for the collection, compilation and dissemination of international merchandise trade statistics as suggested by the Statistical Commission at its twenty-seventh session (22 February to 3 March 1993).2 The Harmonized System was adopted by the Customs Co-operation Council in June 1983, and the International Convention on the Harmonized System (HS Convention) entered into force on 1 January 1988 (HS 1988).3 In accordance with the preamble to the HS Convention, which recognized the importance of ensuring that the HS be kept up to date in the light of changes in technology or in patterns of international trade, the HS is regularly reviewed and revised. The fifth edition, HS 2012, came into effect 1 January 2012.4 The Standard International Trade Classification (SITC)5 which was in the past used by countries in data compilation and reporting has been recognized for its continued use in analysis.6 vi. Valuation: At its fifteenth session, in 1953, the Economic and Social Council, taking the view that trade statistics must reflect economic realities, recommended that the Governments of Member States of the United Nations, wherever possible, use transaction values in the compilation of their national statistics of external trade or, when national practices are based on other values, endeavour to provide supplementary statistical data based on transaction values (Economic and Social Council resolution 469 B (XV)). To promote the comparability of international merchandise trade statistics and taking into account the commercial and data reporting practices of the majority of countries, it is recommended that: (a) The statistical value of imported goods be a CIF-type value; (b) The statistical value of exported goods be an FOB-type value; however, countries are encouraged to compile FOB-type value of imported goods as supplementary information. FOB-type values include the transaction value of the goods and the value of services performed to deliver goods to the border of the exporting country. CIF-type values include the transaction value of the goods, the value of services performed to deliver goods to the border of the exporting country and the value of the 2

See Official Records of the Economic and Social Council, 1993, Supplement No. 6 (E/1993/26), para. 162 (d). See Customs Co-operation Council, The Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System, Brussels, 1989. 4 See World Customs Organization, Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System, Fifth Edition (2012), Brussels 2010. 5 Standard International Trade Classification, Original, Statistical Papers, Series M No.10, Second Edition, 1951 (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.51.XVII.1); subsequent editions are published as United Nations publications under Series M No.34. 6 See Official Records of the Economic and Social Council, 1999, Supplement No. 4 (E/1993/24), para. 24 (c). 3

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

ix

services performed to deliver the goods from the border of the exporting country to the border of the importing country. vii. Partner country: It is recommended that in the case of imports, the country of origin be recorded; and that in the case of exports, the country of last known destination be recorded. The country of origin of a good (for imports) is determined by rules of origin established by each country. The country of last known destination is the last country - as far as it is known at the time of exportation - to which goods are to be delivered, irrespective of where they have been initially dispatched to and whether or not, on their way to that last country, they are subject to any commercial transactions or other operations which change their legal status. Further, it is recommended that country of consignment be recorded for imports as the second partner country attribution, alongside country of origin; the compilation of export statistics on the country of consignment basis is only encouraged, depending on a country’s needs and circumstances. 5. The pages containing the country profiles (Part 2 of this publication) indicate the trade system, valuation and partner attribution each country is following. For more detailed information on national practices in the compilation and dissemination of international merchandise trade data please go to http://unstats.un.org/unsd/tradereport/introduction_MM.asp. Concepts and definitions of Statistics of International Trade in Services 6. The trade in services data in this Yearbook have been compiled by national statistical authorities or central banks largely complying with the Manual on Statistics of International Trade in Services 2010 (MSITS 2010).7 7.

The main elements of the concepts and definitions of MSITS 2010 are: i. Definitions: In general, MSITS 2010 respects the 2008 SNA use of the term services, which is defined as follows (2008 SNA, para. 6.17): a) Services are the result of a production activity that changes the conditions of the consuming units, or facilitates the exchange of products or financial assets. These types of service may be described as change-effecting services and margin services, respectively. Change-effecting services are outputs produced to order and typically consist of changes in the conditions of the consuming units realized by the activities of producers at the demand of the consumers. They can also be referred to as “transformation services”. Change-effecting services are not separate entities over which ownership rights can be established. They cannot be traded separately from their

7

At its forty-first session, held from 23 to 26 February 2010, the Statistical Commission adopted the revised “Manual on Statistics of International Trade in Services” (MSITS 2010) , which sets out an internationally agreed framework for the compilation and reporting of statistics of international trade in services and align with the revisions of well-established revised international statistical standards. The publication is available under Statistical Papers, Series M No. 86, Rev.1 (United Nations publication, Sales No.E.10.XVII.14) and electronically at http://unstats.un.org/unsd/tradeserv/TFSITS/msits2010.htm.

x

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

production. By the time their production is completed, they must have been provided to the consumers. b) MSITS 2010 defines “international trade in services” as trade in services between residents and non-residents of an economy, as well as the supply of services through foreign affiliates established abroad and the supply of services through the presence of foreign individuals, either as foreign service suppliers themselves or as employees of a foreign service supplier. Importantly, the services data included in this Yearbook only reflect trade in services between residents and non-residents. ii. Concept and definition of residence: The residence of an institutional unit is the economic territory with which it has the strongest connection, constituting its centre of predominant economic interest. Each institutional unit is a resident of one and only one economic territory, as determined by its centre of predominant economic interest. An institutional unit is resident in an economic territory when there exists, within the economic territory, some location, dwelling, place of production, or other premises on which or from which the unit engages and intends to continue engaging, either indefinitely or over a finite but long period of time, in economic activities and transactions on a significant scale. The location need not be fixed as long as it remains within the economic territory. Actual or intended location for one year or more is used as an operational criterion. While the choice of one year as a specific period is somewhat arbitrary, it is adopted to eliminate uncertainty and facilitate international consistency. More specific criteria for determining residence are given in the MSITS 2010. iii. Valuation: The market price is used as the basis for valuation of transactions in international trade in services. Market prices for transactions are defined as amounts of money that willing buyers pay to acquire something from willing sellers. The exchanges are made between independent parties and based on commercial considerations only and are sometimes called “at arm’s length” transactions. These transactions will generally be valued at the actual price agreed between the supplier and the consumer. iv. Time of recording of transactions: The appropriate time for recording transactions in services is when they are delivered or received (the “accruals basis”). Some services, such as certain transport or hotel services are provided within a discrete period, in which case there is no problem in determining the time of recording. Other services are supplied or take place on a continuous basis, for example, construction, operating leasing and insurance services. When construction takes place with a prior contract of sale, the ownership of the structure is effectively transferred progressively as the work proceeds. When services are provided over a period of time (such as freight, insurance and construction), there may be advance payments or settlements at later dates for such services. The provision of services should be recorded on an accrual basis in each accounting period, that is to say it should be recorded when the service is rendered and not when the payment occurs.

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

xi

v. Framework and scope: MSITS 2010 recommends that the Sixth Edition of the Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual (BPM6)8 recommendations on the principles of recording (regarding residence, valuation, time of recording, currency of recording and conversion) should be followed. The Extended Balance of Payments Services Classification (EBOPS) is a more detailed classification than that of BPM5 for international trade in services between residents and non-residents, by breaking down a number of the BPM5 service items. The main components of the EBOPS classification are presented in paragraph 7.vii below. vi. Partner country: It is recommended that the breakdown by partner economy for services transactions between residents and non-residents be recorded, the aim being to report partner detail, first, at the level of services trade as a whole and, second, for each of the main types of services in EBOPS and (as a longer-term goal) for the more detailed EBOPS items. Partner country data for trade in services are not included in this publication, as most countries do not currently compile these data by partner country. vii. Classification: In 1996, OECD and Eurostat, in consultation with IMF, developed for use by their members a more detailed classification than that presented in the IMF’s Balance of Payments Manual (BPM5) for international trade in services between residents and non-residents, by breaking down a number of the BPM5 service items. This more detailed classification is termed the Extended Balance of Payments Services Classification (EBOPS). The EBOPS classification was published in 2002 in the MSITS 2002 and was subsequently revised to the EBOPS 2010 classification, as published in the MSITS 2010. The services data in this Yearbook follow the EBOPS 2002 classification (which corresponds to the BPM5 recommendations) due to the fact that many countries have not yet transitioned to the EBOPS 2010 classification (which corresponds to the BPM6 recommendations). The 11 main EBOPS 2002 standard services components (as presented in the MSITS 2002) are:9 a) Transportation: covers all transportation services that are performed by residents of one economy for those of another and that involve the carriage of passengers, the movement of goods (freight), rentals (charters) of carriers with crew, and related supporting and auxiliary services. Some related items that are excluded from transportation services are freight insurance (included in insurance services); goods procured in ports by nonresident carriers and repairs of transportation equipment (both are treated as goods, not services); repairs of railway facilities, harbours and airfield facilities (included in

8

International Monetary Fund. Sixth Edition of the Balance of Payments Manual (BPM6). 2009. http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/bop/2007/pdf/bpm6.pdf. The previous edition of this manual was the Fifth Edition of the Balance of Payments Manual (BPM5), which was published in 1992. https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/bopman/bopman.pdf. 9 The full detailed EBOPS 2002 classification is available as an on-line annex to the MSITS 2002. http://unstats.un.org/unsd/tradekb/Attachment358.aspx.

xii

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

construction services); and rentals or charters of carriers without crew (included in operational leasing services). b) Travel: covers primarily the goods and services acquired from an economy by travelers during visits of less than one year to that economy. Includes business and personal travel, which includes health-related expenditure (total expenditure by those travelling for medical reasons), education-related expenditure (i.e., total expenditure by students), and all other personal travel expenditure. c) Communications services: covers postal and courier services (which cover the pick-up, transport and delivery of letters, newspapers, periodicals, brochures, other printed matter, parcels and packages, including post office counter and mailbox rental services) and telecommunications services (which cover the transmission of sound, images or other information by telephone, telex, telegram, radio and television cable and broadcasting, satellite, electronic mail, facsimile services etc., including business network services, teleconferencing and support services). It does not include the value of the information transported. Also included are cellular telephone services, Internet backbone services and on-line access services, including provision of access to the Internet. d) Construction services: covers work performed on construction projects and installation by employees of an enterprise in locations outside the territory of an enterprise. e) Insurance services: covers the provision of various types of insurance to non-residents by resident insurance enterprises, and vice versa. These services are estimated or valued by the service charges included in total premiums rather than by the total value of the premiums. f) Financial services: covers financial intermediation and auxiliary services, except those of life insurance enterprises and pension funds (which are included in life insurance and pension funding) and other insurance services that are conducted between residents and non-residents. Such services may be provided by banks, stock exchanges, factoring enterprises, credit card enterprises and other enterprises. g) Computer and information services: covers hardware and software-related services and data-processing services; news agency services include the provision of news, photographs, and feature articles to the media; and database services and web search portals (search engine services that find internet addresses for clients who input keyword queries). h) Royalties and license fees: covers international payments and receipts of franchising fees and the royalties paid for the use of registered trademarks and international payments and receipts for the authorised use of intangible, non-produced, non-financial assets and proprietary rights (such as patents, copyrights and industrial processes and designs) and with the use, through licensing agreements, of produced originals or prototypes (such as manuscripts, computer programs, and cinematographic works and sound recordings).

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

xiii

i) Other business services: covers merchanting, other trade-related services, operational leasing services, legal services, accounting, auditing, bookkeeping and tax consulting services, business and management consulting and public relations services, advertising, market research and public opinion polling, research and development, architectural, engineering and other technical services, waste treatment and de-pollution, agricultural, mining, and other on-site processing services, other business services, and services between related enterprises, not included elsewhere (n.i.e.). j) Personal, cultural, and recreational services: covers services and associated fees related to the production of motion pictures (on film or videotape), radio and television programmes (live or on tape) and musical recordings services, as well as those services associated with museums, libraries, archives and other cultural, sporting and recreational activities. k) Government services, not included elsewhere (n.i.e.): covers government transactions (including those of international organizations) not contained in the other components of EBOPS as defined above. Included are all transactions (in both goods and services) by embassies, consulates, military units and defence agencies with residents of economies in which the embassies, consulates, military units and defence agencies are located and all transactions with other economies. Excluded are transactions with residents of the home economies represented by the embassies, consulates, military units and defence agencies, and transactions in the commissaries, post exchanges and these embassies and consulates. Description of world trade tables of part 1 (Tables A and D) 8. Table A: Total merchandise trade by regions and countries or areas in U.S. dollars: It provides a breakdown of merchandise imports, exports and trade balance for world, regional groupings, selected economic and/or trade groupings and individual countries or areas. 9. Table D: World merchandise exports by provenance and destination in U.S. dollars: In addition to total, table D also provides details by SITC sections or groupings of sections by regions and countries or areas (brief description of SITC sections can be found in the country profiles in Part 2). 10. The totals of imports and exports presented in table A on the one hand and table D and the country profiles on the other hand are not necessarily identical as IFS and UN Comtrade are based on different data collection systems with different aims, procedures, timetable and sources for update and maintenance. Nevertheless, discrepancies are in general minor and usually do not affect the overall comparability of information provided in these tables. A systematic comparison of the figures from both sources (which includes the description of known and relevant conceptual differences) is available at http://unstats.un.org/unsd/trade/imts/annual%20totals.htm. Overall, the discrepancy in the world total or world aggregate of exports in table A and table D is around 0.5 percent or less in average, which is minor, given the differences between the two sources. 11. A slightly different version of Table A containing quarterly and monthly data is published on a monthly basis as table 34 in the United Nations Monthly Bulletin of Statistics

xiv

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

(MBS). Updated, although different versions of Table D, are published as table 40, 41 and 42 in the July, September and November editions of the MBS. An updated version of these tables will be published in Volume II of the 20154 ITSY which will be produced later this year. Description of tables and graphs of Country profiles in part 2 12. Part 2 contains detailed data for individual countries or areas. In addition, given the economic importance of the European Union (EU), separate pages have been included for the external trade of the EU (with its 28 members) as a whole. 13. Not all countries have data up to 2015 and not all countries have data for imports and exports for all years. The inclusion of a country (or area) in part 2 requires that at least some data are available for any year from 2011 onwards. Depending on the availability of data the following tables and graphs usually appear for each country or area: 14. Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value: This graph presents the trend of merchandise imports, exports and trade balance over the last 14 years. 15. Graph 2: Total services trade, by value: This graph presents the trend of services imports, exports and trade balance over the last 14 years. 16. Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category: This graph presents the shares of total exports of services accounted for by each service category for the latest year such data are available. 17. Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance by MDG Regions: This graph presents, in the most recent year for which information on exports and imports are available, the trade balance by regions. The regional groupings were created for the purpose of this publication and are presented in paragraph 38. 18. Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade: This graph shows the partner concentration of imports and exports for the latest available year. Graph presents the top 25 partners which usually account for a very large share of exports or imports for most countries. On the horizontal axis from the center to the right are the cumulative percent of exports and from the center to the left the cumulative percent of imports. On the vertical axis is the cumulative number of partners ranked by total value of exports and imports in a decreasing order. So, on each side, the first bar represents share accounted for by the largest partner; second bar represents share accounted for by the largest two partners and so on. 19. Graph 5 also presents the Herfindahl-Hirschman (HH) Index for imports and exports which is a measure of concentration. In the case of exports (imports), the HH index is the sum of squares of the partner’s share of total exports (imports): 2 n  Xi  HH Index     i 1  X 

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

xv

20. n is the number of trading partners for exports (imports) and Xi is the value of exports (imports) to partner country i and X is the total value of exports (imports). The lower the HH index, the lower the partner concentration, and vice versa. If there is only one trading partner the HH index would equal 1. 10 21. It should be noted that the HH index for a given country’s exports (imports) depends on the distribution of share of exports (imports) among its partners. Hence a country with few major partners might have a lower HH index value, indicating low concentration, than a country with more partners if the former has its trade more evenly distributed among its partners than the latter. 22. Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category: This graph presents the shares of total imports of services accounted for by each service category for the latest year such data are available. 23. Table 1 and table 4: Top 10 export and import commodities: These tables present the top 10 commodities in terms of 4-digit HS headings for exports and imports, respectively, using the aggregate of trade values for the last three reporting years as available. It should be noted that exports contain re-exports and imports contain re-imports. So one or more top exports of a country may be commodities which the country does not actually produce. Data on re-exports and re-imports can be found in UN Comtrade (http://comtrade.un.org). For countries which reported the last three years of data in HS 2007 the data in these tables follow HS 2007. For most other countries the data in these tables are presented in HS 2002 with data for some years converted from HS 2007 into HS 2002 as required (see paragraph 33). For a few countries the table contains data according to the HS 1996 or even HS 1992. For the convenience of users the last column shows the SITC group (3 digits) that corresponds to the HS heading. The SITC group is identified based on the correlation and conversion tables between HS and SITC, Rev 3.11 24. In addition to trade values, the table 1 and table 4 also present unit values. Unit values are expressed in U.S. dollars (US$) per unit (kg, unit, Megawatt-hours (Mwh), pair, litre, carat etc.). The calculation of unit values on the heading level requires the availability of value and quantity information for all of the underlying detailed data (6-digit subheadings). In some cases the quantity information for some sub-headings was estimated (see paragraph 32) and thus the unit value for the heading appears in italics. If quantity information appears incorrect it is not shown. 25. Table 2 and table 3: Merchandise Exports and Imports by SITC sections: These tables show the structure of exports and imports in the latest available year by SITC sections in terms of value, share of the total, growth in comparison with the previous year and annual average growth for the last four years which is calculated as the geometric mean. 10

For the application of HH index to measure partner concentration in merchandise trade, no thresholds are known to be established. Users might wish to define a specific limit of the HH index to indicate low concentration and a limit to indicate high concentration. However, based on the analyses of the data presented in the yearbook, following thresholds were applied to determine level of concentration of merchandise trade, both exports and imports: HH < 0.15  Diversified; 0.15 < HH < 0.25  Moderately concentrated; HH > 0.25  Highly concentrated. 11 The conversion tables are available on the website of UNSD at http://unstats.un.org/unsd/trade/methodology%20imts.htm.

xvi

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Sources 26. Data on the total merchandise imports and exports of countries (or areas) presented in world table A are mainly taken from International Financial Statistics (IFS) published monthly by the International Monetary Fund (IMF). They are supplemented with data from other sources such as national publications and websites and the United Nations Monthly Bulletin of Statistics Questionnaire for the following countries: Andorra, Bermuda, Cayman Islands, Cuba, Gibraltar, Montenegro (beginning 2006), Niue, Russian Federation (beginning 1994), Serbia and Montenegro (before 2006), State of Palestine, Turkmenistan, Turks and Caicos, Tuvalu and Uzbekistan. Data on world merchandise exports by provenance and destination presented in world table D are derived from UN Comtrade data supplemented by estimated data for nonavailable countries and areas. 27. The data in the country profiles in part 2 of the publication (country trade profiles) are obtained from data directly submitted by countries to the United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD). All data published in the country profiles is available in UN Comtrade (http://comtrade.un.org). 28. In some cases, original country data are received via international and regional partner organizations, such as the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the International Trade Centre (ITC), the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) Secretariat, the Common Market of Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA), the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) and the UN regional commissions such as the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) and the Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA). Data for the European Union (EU-28) is received from the Statistical Office of the European Union (Eurostat). 29. Table A shows data as available by end of May 2016 and table D uses data as available on UN Comtrade by early June 2016. The country tables and graphs contain data available in UN Comtrade by early June 2016. Method of Estimation 30. Estimates for missing data in Table A are made in order to arrive at regional totals, but estimated data are not shown. The estimation process is automated using quarterly year-on-year growth rates for the extrapolation of missing quarterly data, unless quarterly data can be estimated using available monthly data within the quarter. Regional totals containing estimated data are printed in bold. Estimates are reviewed and adjusted where necessary. 31. Data for missing reporters in Table D are estimated either through the extrapolation of the data of the two adjacent years, or, if this is not possible, through the use of the data reported by the trading partners, that is, through mirror data. Mirror statistics are also used in case the partner distribution or confidential data make it necessary to adjust the reported data. All estimates are reviewed and adjusted where necessary.

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

xvii

32. For part 2, the country trade profiles, modifications to the received data are only made in cases where the provided data are obviously incomplete, in particular in the case of unreported petroleum oils exports in merchandise data. Quantity information that is missing or does not comply with the World Customs Organization’s recommendations are estimated and flagged in UN Comtrade accordingly. For data processed before June 2009 some quantity information that were identified as ‘extreme’ – meaning far outside a pre-defined ‘normal’ range – were replaced in UN Comtrade with estimates. The estimation of quantities is either based on the country’s own data or uses standard unit values (SUVs) which are derived from the available information for all countries in the previous year. Conversion of classification 33. Conversion of classification for merchandise data: All countries follow recommendation to report their detailed merchandise trade data according to the Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System (HS) (see paragraph 4.C.v). In order to provide comparable time series data in UN Comtrade for all countries, the data reported in the latest HS classification is converted into earlier versions of the HS, and to corresponding or earlier versions of the Standard International Trade Classification (SITC).12 The latest edition of the HS classification was its fifth and was released in 2012. The commodities in this publication are mostly presented according to the one-digit sections of SITC, Rev.3 as the SITC sections provide a limited set of economically meaningful main categories.13 In addition, data according to SITC, Rev.3 is available for long time series. In two tables, commodities are presented in terms of four-digit headings of the HS, often according to the 2007 version of HS but in many cases also in earlier HS versions.14 The HS headings provide a meaningful description of traded commodities at a relatively detailed level and also allow the presentation of quantity information. 34. Conversion of classification for trade in services data: For services data, many countries are still compiling data according to the EBOPS 2002 classification and, therefore, all services data presented in this Yearbook are presented according to this classification. For the cases in which a country has transitioned to the EBOPS 2010 classification (as presented in MSTIS 2010) and did not provide UNSD with data based on EBOPS 2002, and for those countries for which the IMF is the only data source,15 the data were converted to the EBOPS 2002 classification in order to maintain consistency across countries. The conversion was based on the IMF’s BPM512

Detailed information on the data conversions used for UN Comtrade can be found on the website of the United Nations Statistics Division at: http://unstats.un.org/unsd/trade/conversions/HS%20Correlation%20and%20Conversion%20tables.htm. 13 Standard International Trade Classification, Revision 3, Statistical Papers, Series M No.34/Rev.3, (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.86.XVII.12). SITC, Revision 4 was accepted by the United Nations Statistical Commission at its thirty-seventh session in March 2006 (see Official Records of the Economic and Social Council, 2006, Supplement No. 4, (E/CN.3/2006/32), chapter III, para. 26 (b)). Yet, it will require several years until a time series of data according to SITC, Revision 4 will be sufficiently long for publication. 14 World Customs Organization, Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System, Third Edition (2002) (HS 2002); World Customs Organization, Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System, Second Edition (1996) (HS 1996); World Customs Organization, Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System (1992) (HS 1992). 15 The IMF is only presenting data on a BPM6 basis (which corresponds to the EBOPS 2010 classification) for data from 2009 onwards.

xviii

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

to-BPM6 Conversion Matrix (available at http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/bop/2008/0810b.pdf). Currency conversion and Period 35. Currency conversion: For both merchandise and trade in services data in this publication, conversion of values from national currencies into United States dollars is done by means of currency conversion factors based on official exchange rates. Values in currencies subject to fluctuation are converted into United States dollars using weighted average exchange rates specially calculated for this purpose. The weighted average exchange rate for a given currency for a given year is the component monthly factors, furnished by the International Monetary Fund in its IFS publication, weighted by the value of the relevant trade in each month; a monthly factor is the exchange rate (or the simple average rate) in effect during that month. These factors are applied to total imports and exports and to the trade in individual commodities with individual countries. The conversion factors applied to the data presented in table A are published quarterly in the UN Monthly Bulletin of Statistics at http://unstats.un.org/unsd/mbs/default.aspx and are also available at http://unstats.un.org/unsd/trade/data/tables.asp. For data published on UN Comtrade the applied conversion factors are available in a country’s metadata on UN Comtrade. 36. Period: Generally, data refer to calendar years; however, for those countries which report according to some other reference year, the data are presented in the calendar year which covers the majority of the reference year used by the country. Country Nomenclature and Country Grouping 37. Country nomenclature: The naming of countries (or areas) in this publication follows in general the United Nations Standard Country or Area Codes for Statistical Use.16 The names and composition of countries as reporter are changing over time. Also, countries rarely follow the identical nomenclature in the recording of partner information. For example when former geographical entities commonly referred to in national statistics have changed, countries may introduce the corresponding changes in their statistics at different times. In this publication, wherever possible, areas of the world have been designated the names they currently bear. It should be noted that, in this publication: i. Data published for China exclude those for Taiwan Province of China. Data representing the trade with Taiwan Province, which may have been reported by any reporting country or area, are included in the grouping Asia, nes. For statistical purposes, data for China also do not include those for Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region. ii. Beginning 1 January 2000, Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia, South Africa and Swaziland provide their international trade statistics separately. 16

Standard Country or Area Codes for Statistical Use, Series M No. 49, Rev.4, (United Nations publication, Sales No. M.98.XVII.9). The latest information is available online at: http://unstats.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49.htm.

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

xix

iii. On 4 February 2003, the official name of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia has been changed to Serbia and Montenegro. iv. On 3 June 2006, Serbia and Montenegro formally dissolved into two independent countries: Montenegro and Serbia. v. On 10 October 2010 the federation of the Netherlands Antilles was formally dissolved. The former Dutch Caribbean dependency ceased to exist with a change of the five islands' constitutional status. Under the new political structure, Curaçao and Sint Maarten (Dutch part) have become autonomous countries within the Kingdom of the Netherlands, joining Aruba, which gained the status in 1986. The islands of the remaining territorial grouping, alternately known as Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba or the BES islands, are special municipalities and part of the country of the Netherlands and overseas territories of the European Union. For statistical purposes, the data for the Netherlands do not include the BES islands. Data referring to Netherlands Antilles (as a partner) prior to 2011 refer to the former territory which included Curaçao, Sint Maarten (Dutch part), Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba. vi. On 9 July 2011, Sudan formally dissolved into two independent countries: Sudan and South Sudan. Data provided for Sudan prior to 1 January 2012 refer to the former Sudan (including South Sudan). Data referring to Sudan (as a partner) for 2012 are attributed to Sudan excluding South Sudan. vii. From January 2013 onwards, Saint Barthélemy is no longer part of the customs territory of France. Therefore, it is recognised as a separate statistical area both as reporter and partner. Whereas from January 2014 onwards, Mayotte became part of statistical area of France and it is no longer shown as a reporter or a partner.

xx

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

38. Regional groupings: This publication uses the earlier version of regional groupings of the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) Indicator Database which are shown below (for their composition, see table A and http://comtrade.un.org/pb/groupings.aspx). The category ‘Other’ applies only to the presentation of data by trading partner and consists of Antarctica, Bunkers, Free Zones, ‘Special Categories’ (confidential partner) and Areas nes.: World Developed Countries - Asia-Pacific - Europe - North America South-eastern Europe Commonwealth of Independent States - CIS Europe - CIS Asia Northern Africa Sub-Saharan Africa Latin America & the Caribbean - Caribbean - Latin America Eastern Asia Southern Asia South-eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania Other

39. Aggregations: All regional aggregations are calculated as the sum of their components. This also includes the regional and world totals presented in table A (in bold) which, up to the 2007 edition of this yearbook and in the tables currently published in the United Nations Monthly Bulletin of Statistics, are calculated by subtracting re-exports from the imports and exports. 40. Additional country groupings: The composition of the additional country groupings which are used in world table A is as follows: ANCOM-Andean Common Market

Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Colombia, Ecuador and Peru

APEC-Asian-Pacific Economic Co-operation

Australia, Brunei Darussalam, Canada, Chile, China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Philippines, Republic of Korea, Russian Federation, Singapore, Taiwan Province of China, Thailand, United States of America and Viet Nam

ASEAN-Association of South-East Asian Nations

Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Viet Nam

CACM-Central American Common Market

Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua

CARICOM-Caribbean Community and Common Market

Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas (member of the Community only), Barbados, Belize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, Montserrat, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

xxi

COMESA-Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa

Burundi, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Rwanda, Seychelles, Sudan, Swaziland, Uganda, Zambia and Zimbabwe

ECOWAS - Economic Community of West African States

Benin, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, Cote d'Ivoire, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo

EMCCA – Economic and Monetary Community of Central Africa

Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo, Equatorial Guinea and Gabon

EU-28 - European Union 28

Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Spain, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden and United Kingdom.

EU-27 - European Union 27

Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Spain, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden and United Kingdom.

EU-25 - European Union 25

Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden and United Kingdom (EU15) plus Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia, and Cyprus

EU-15 – European Union 15

Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom.

LAIA - Latin American Integration Association (formerly Latin American Free Trade Association)

Argentina, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, Ecuador, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

LDC - Least developed countries

Afghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin, Bhutan, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Kiribati, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nepal, Niger, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Vanuatu, Yemen and Zambia

MERCOSUR-Mercado Comun Sud-Americano

Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and Venezuela

NAFTA-Northern American Free Trade Area Canada, Mexico and United States of America

OECD-Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development

Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Chile, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of Korea, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom and United States of America

OPEC-Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries

Algeria, Angola, Ecuador, Indonesia, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates and Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of).

xxii

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Abbreviations and Explanation of symbols Names of some countries (or areas) or groups of countries (or areas) and of some commodities or groups of commodities have been abbreviated. Exact titles of countries or commodities can be found in various editions of the following publications: (i) (ii) (iii)

Standard Country or Area Codes for Statistical Use Standard International Trade Classification (SITC) Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System (HS)

In addition, the following abbreviations and symbols are used in this publication: Not available ................................................................ (na) Not available ................................................................ blank Not available ................................................................ … Not applicable .............................................................. – Not applicable .............................................................. . Magnitude of less than half the unit used .................... 0 or 0.0 More than 100,000 percent…………………………… > Thousand ..................................................................... thsd Million ......................................................................... mln Billion .......................................................................... bln Weight (kilograms) ...................................................... kg Megawatt-hours ........................................................... Mwh Average........................................................................ Avg. Not elsewhere specified ............................................... nes U.S. dollar .................................................................... US$ Imports ......................................................................... Imp Exports ......................................................................... Exp Balance ........................................................................ Bal General trade system.................................................... G Special trade system .................................................... S Cost, insurance and freight .......................................... CIF Free on board ............................................................... FOB Not included elsewhere………………………………. n.i.e. (Royalties and) license (fees)……………………………. lic.

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

xxiii

Disclaimer The tables, graphs and text contained in Part 2 of this publication are provided only for illustration and despite all efforts might contain errors. When using this data users are advised to verify the latest information on UN Comtrade which is the source of this data. Contact This yearbook has been produced by the Trade Statistics Branch of the United Nations Statistics Division/ Department of Economic and Social Affairs. For questions or comments please contact us at: Trade Statistics Branch United Nations Statistics Division 2 United Nations Plaza, DC2-1540 New York, New York 10017 e-mail (merchandise): [email protected] e-mail (services): [email protected] http://unstats.un.org/unsd/trade

xxiv

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2015 INTERNATIONAL TRADE STATISTICS YEARBOOK VOLUME I TRADE BY COUNTRY

PART 1 – WORLD TRADE TABLES Total merchandise trade by regions and countries or areas in U.S. dollars (Table A) World merchandise exports by provenance and destination in U.S. dollars (Table D)  

Total merchandise trade by regions and countries or areas (Table A) Imports CIF, exports FOB and balance: million U.S. dollars

Commerce total de marchandises par régions et pays ou zones (Tableau A) Importations CIF, exportations FOB, et balance : en millions de dollars E.-U.

Country or Area - Pays ou Zone World Monde Developed Countries1,2 1,2 Pays Developpés Asia-Pacific Asie-Pacifique

2000

IMP EXP BAL

6517591 6356764 -160827

14038778 13797305 -241474

16229126 16005638 -223488

12490178 12408938 -81240

15157516 15106213 -51303

18084002 18031287 -52715

18128884 18080788 -48096

18422338 18466353 44015

18593360 18648959 55598

16437144 16500297 63153

IMP EXP BAL

4494086 4131926 -362160

8807945 7952499 -855446

9838808 8872659 -966149

7405620 6880040 -525581

8629159 7996035 -633124

10095387 9292855 -802531

9855373 9071029 -784343

9872690 9199385 -673305

10018397 9327952 -690445

8864945 8226651 -638294

IMP EXP BAL

461429 557030 95601

808813 883403 74590

987974 1000104 12129

734728 759544 24816

917455 1014394 96939

1125802 1131781 5980

1173988 1092678 -81309

1105373 1008667 -96706

1082073 972098 -109975

884913 847509 -37404

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

Australia3 3 Australie

IMP G EXP G BAL

67704 63878 -3827

157687 141091 -16596

191312 187150 -4162

158919 153966 -4953

193201 212337 19136

234357 271733 37376

250560 256675 6115

232596 252981 20385

227648 241238 13590

200041 188362 -11678

Japan Japon

IMP G EXP G BAL

379490 479274 99783

619662 714211 94549

762626 782049 19422

550550 580719 30169

692435 769772 77337

854098 822564 -31534

885610 798621 -86989

832424 714613 -117811

811882 690202 -121681

648316 624787 -23529

New Zealand Nouvelle-Zélande

IMP G EXP G BAL

14235 13879 -356

31463 28102 -3362

34036 30905 -3131

25259 24859 -401

31819 32285 466

37346 37484 138

37818 37383 -435

40354 41074 720

42542 40658 -1884

36556 34360 -2197

2533380 2515992 -17388

5595812 5500085 -95727

6269975 6128101 -141874

4741968 4749960 7991

5347880 5315137 -32742

6249719 6227981 -21738

5879532 5977073 97541

5973037 6152439 179402

6054193 6261488 207295

5244535 5464665 220130

Europe Europe

2

IMP G/ EXP S BAL

IMP EXP BAL

Andorra Andorre

IMP S EXP S BAL

1021 45 -975

1917 127 -1790

1931 96 -1835

1589 63 -1526

1518 54 -1464

1596 77 -1519

1396 68 -1327

1455 99 -1356

1556 98 -1458

1295 89 -1206

Austria Autriche

IMP S EXP S BAL

68986 64167 -4819

156760 157317 557

176172 173397 -2775

136081 130791 -5290

150601 144889 -5712

182340 169519 -12821

169657 158821 -10836

172596 166546 -6050

171388 169186 -2202

147438 145851 -1587

Belgium Belgique

IMP S EXP S BAL

176992 187876 10884

413074 431850 18776

466437 471932 5494

354666 371397 16731

391333 407055 15721

466833 475981 9148

439492 446637 7145

451921 467831 15910

455390 474090 18700

380229 401177 20948

Croatia Croatie

IMP G EXP G BAL

7887 4432 -3455

25830 12364 -13465

30728 14112 -16617

21203 10474 -10729

20051 11806 -8244

22708 13375 -9333

20762 12347 -8415

20961 11928 -9033

22523 13686 -8837

20580 12847 -7733

Czech Republic République tchèque

IMP S EXP S BAL

33934 29057 -4877

118467 122760 4293

142172 146406 4234

105256 113175 7920

126600 133020 6420

152122 162897 10775

141515 157167 15652

144320 162302 17983

154233 175017 20784

141319 158647 17328

Denmark Danemark

IMP S EXP S BAL

44364 50390 6025

97366 101599 4233

109158 115929 6772

80372 91817 11445

83170 95758 12589

96431 111900 15469

92295 106125 13830

98374 111349 12975

99127 110494 11367

84521 94230 9709

Estonia Estonie

IMP S EXP S BAL

4236 3166 -1070

15064 10960 -4105

16058 12468 -3590

10151 9058 -1094

12282 11607 -675

17757 16724 -1033

17797 16083 -1714

18142 16291 -1851

17992 15931 -2061

14508 12929 -1579

Faeroe Islands Iles Féroé

IMP G EXP G BAL

532 472 -60

1016 746 -270

988 852 -136

783 762 -22

780 839 59

986 1007 20

1144 945 -199

1110 1080 -29

1045 1110 65

... ... ...

Finland Finlande

IMP G EXP G BAL

33900 45482 11582

81756 90092 8336

92160 96890 4730

60866 62872 2005

68773 69492 719

84235 79126 -5108

76558 73114 -3444

77590 74446 -3144

76767 74335 -2432

60334 59717 -617

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Total merchandise trade by regions and countries or areas (Table A) Imports CIF, exports FOB and balance: million U.S. dollars

Commerce total de marchandises par régions et pays ou zones (Tableau A) Importations CIF, exportations FOB, et balance : en millions de dollars E.-U.

Country or Area - Pays ou Zone

IMP G/ EXP S BAL

2000

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

France France

IMP S EXP S BAL

310831 298765 -12066

631447 550458 -80989

715783 608942 -106840

560484 476098 -84386

608657 516955 -91703

712906 585319 -127586

667251 558597 -108654

673329 568500 -104829

668661 568031 -100630

562685 493845 -68840

Germany Allemagne

IMP S EXP S BAL

495450 550223 54773

1055997 1323818 267822

1186681 1451390 264709

926154 1120666 194512

1056170 1261577 205408

1256168 1476955 220787

1164626 1408370 243744

1192751 1451631 258880

1209307 1492545 283238

1051844 1326359 274515

Gibraltar Gibraltar

IMP EXP BAL

480 126 -354

796 304 -492

769 281 -488

679 266 -413

627 259 -368

703 246 -457

605 253 -353

748 279 -469

705 267 -438

... ... ...

Greece Grèce

IMP S EXP S BAL

28323 10965 -17359

84853 26557 -58295

96711 31298 -65413

74072 25133 -48939

69199 28203 -40996

68071 33948 -34124

63713 35452 -28261

62419 36236 -26183

64190 36007 -28183

48306 28705 -19601

Hungary Hongrie

IMP S EXP S BAL

31955 28016 -3939

94397 93985 -412

106380 107465 1085

78034 84586 6552

87612 94759 7147

100989 110897 9908

94282 103047 8765

99091 108426 9335

103942 112438 8496

91361 100324 8963

Iceland Islande

IMP G EXP G BAL

2591 1891 -700

6097 4342 -1755

5614 5191 -423

3604 4057 453

3920 4604 685

4833 5344 510

4772 5064 292

4787 4990 204

5240 4980 -260

5307 4740 -567

Ireland Irlande

IMP G EXP G BAL

51437 77093 25656

87047 122252 35205

84925 127052 42127

62595 119264 56669

60692 118951 58260

67173 127011 59838

63230 117771 54541

65996 115333 49337

70769 118637 47867

71465 122093 50628

Italy Italie

IMP S EXP S BAL

238021 239902 1881

511870 500239 -11631

563436 544962 -18474

414725 406685 -8040

486968 446852 -40116

558813 523283 -35530

489096 501534 12438

477292 517628 40336

470392 528041 57648

407924 458478 50554

Latvia Lettonie

IMP S EXP S BAL

3187 1867 -1320

15182 7892 -7290

15775 9278 -6497

9346 7174 -2173

11143 8850 -2292

15442 11995 -3446

16078 12683 -3395

16781 13317 -3464

16790 13600 -3190

13894 11522 -2372

Lithuania Lituanie

IMP G EXP G BAL

5219 3548 -1671

24445 17162 -7283

31295 23770 -7525

18341 16496 -1845

23385 20726 -2658

31811 28077 -3733

31988 29625 -2363

34814 32604 -2210

35243 32399 -2844

28151 25481 -2670

Luxembourg Luxembourg

IMP S EXP S BAL

10707 7833 -2875

22572 16359 -6213

25828 17734 -8094

19246 12905 -6342

21738 14293 -7444

26312 16798 -9515

24180 13989 -10190

23912 14086 -9826

23545 15069 -8476

19308 13099 -6209

Malta Malte

IMP G EXP G BAL

3400 2443 -957

4508 2985 -1523

5744 3609 -2135

4845 2921 -1924

5735 3721 -2014

7415 5284 -2131

7923 5697 -2226

7479 5182 -2297

8122 4836 -3286

6442 3851 -2591

Netherlands Pays-Bas

IMP S EXP S BAL

198926 213425 14499

421092 472660 51568

495056 545897 50840

382278 431695 49418

440024 492742 52718

507759 569513 61754

500643 554707 54064

513108 567658 54550

508207 574233 66027

419168 471087 51919

Norway Norvège

IMP G EXP G BAL

34395 60064 25669

80378 136371 55992

90293 171764 81471

68970 116778 47808

77326 130669 53344

90787 160305 69518

87316 161026 73710

89988 153188 63201

88053 142301 54247

75677 103413 27736

Poland Pologne

IMP S EXP S BAL

48970 31684 -17285

162437 138756 -23680

204873 168674 -36200

149723 136786 -12938

178149 159829 -18320

206844 187151 -19693

196198 183523 -12675

205174 202107 -3067

219859 216666 -3193

194134 198232 4098

Portugal Portugal

IMP S EXP S BAL

38196 23280 -14916

76376 50246 -26129

94726 57558 -37168

71742 44350 -27393

75576 48738 -26838

82481 59608 -22872

72307 58256 -14051

75068 62840 -12227

77742 64061 -13681

66458 55402 -11057

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

3

Total merchandise trade by regions and countries or areas (Table A) Imports CIF, exports FOB and balance: million U.S. dollars

Commerce total de marchandises par régions et pays ou zones (Tableau A) Importations CIF, exportations FOB, et balance : en millions de dollars E.-U.

Country or Area - Pays ou Zone

2000

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

Slovakia Slovaquie

IMP S EXP S BAL

13413 11889 -1524

62102 57765 -4337

74034 70982 -3052

56898 55553 -1345

66110 64012 -2098

81505 79011 -2494

79077 79882 805

83632 85244 1612

83500 85923 2423

74862 75406 544

Slovenia Slovénie

IMP S EXP S BAL

10116 8732 -1384

29499 26857 -2642

33991 29600 -4391

24085 22646 -1439

26305 24717 -1588

31405 29242 -2163

28392 27080 -1312

29380 28629 -751

30052 30522 471

25769 26616 847

Spain Espagne

IMP S EXP S BAL

152901 113348 -39553

384956 248917 -136038

417049 277695 -139353

290744 220848 -69897

315548 246274 -69274

362835 298458 -64377

325836 286219 -39618

333932 310996 -22936

351452 318860 -32592

304314 277423 -26892

Sweden Suède

IMP G EXP G BAL

73328 87737 14409

153463 168979 15516

168993 183907 14914

120262 131042 10780

148474 158090 9616

174730 187243 12513

164113 172725 8612

159665 167620 7955

159535 162588 3053

136297 139459 3163

Switzerland Suisse

IMP S EXP S BAL

76104 74867 -1237

153181 164809 11627

173686 191813 18127

147894 166847 18953

166924 185790 18866

196790 223225 26435

188618 213982 25364

191705 217079 25374

195148 227605 32457

172770 210864 38094

United Kingdom Royaume-Uni

IMP G EXP G BAL

333579 283206 -50373

621869 440556 -181312

642529 467157 -175372

486279 356758 -129521

562493 410006 -152487

638940 478460 -160480

648671 476284 -172387

645516 476991 -168525

663718 477934 -185785

... ... ...

1499277 1058904 -440373

2403320 1569011 -834309

2580859 1744454 -836404

1928924 1370536 -558388

2363824 1666503 -697321

2719866 1933093 -786773

2801853 2001278 -800575

2794280 2038279 -756001

2882132 2094366 -787766

2735497 1914477 -821020

North America Amérique du Nord

IMP EXP BAL

Bermuda Bermudes

IMP G EXP G BAL

720 ... ...

1151 25 -1125

1145 24 -1122

1034 29 -1005

970 15 -955

869 13 -855

885 17 -868

1005 22 -983

962 12 -950

929 9 -920

Canada3 3 Canada

IMP G EXP G BAL

238811 276641 37830

380701 420293 39593

408827 456419 47593

321247 314002 -7245

392119 387481 -4638

451246 452132 886

462423 454833 -7590

461925 458397 -3528

465958 469981 4023

423779 409002 -14777

Greenland Groenland

IMP G EXP G BAL

363 272 -92

678 431 -247

895 487 -407

742 360 -382

808 380 -428

915 475 -441

850 480 -370

780 490 -290

762 537 -225

580 353 -227

United States4 4 Etats-Unis

IMP G EXP G BAL

1259300 781918 -477382

2020400 1148200 -872200

2169490 1287440 -882050

1605300 1056040 -549260

1969180 1278490 -690690

2265890 1480290 -785600

2336520 1545710 -790810

2329060 1579050 -750010

2412550 1623410 -789140

2307950 1504580 -803370

29538 19546 -9992

140118 76657 -63462

170987 93954 -77033

116942 76983 -39959

125499 89833 -35666

154705 115572 -39133

145630 107537 -38093

152532 122799 -29733

159084 129370 -29714

138594 110371 -28222

South-Eastern Europe Europe du Sud-est

4

IMP G/ EXP S BAL

IMP EXP BAL

Albania Albanie

IMP G EXP G BAL

1090 258 -832

4188 1078 -3110

5251 1355 -3896

4526 1104 -3422

4592 1550 -3042

5396 1951 -3445

4882 1968 -2914

4902 2332 -2571

5230 2431 -2799

4320 1930 -2390

Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnie-Herzégovine

IMP S EXP S BAL

3083 1067 -2017

9772 4166 -5606

12282 5066 -7217

8794 3939 -4856

9204 4802 -4402

11047 5850 -5196

10018 5160 -4858

10303 5688 -4615

10988 5893 -5095

8983 5096 -3887

Bulgaria Bulgarie

IMP S EXP S BAL

6505 4809 -1696

30086 18575 -11511

37018 22485 -14532

23552 16378 -7175

25473 20571 -4902

32579 28222 -4357

32712 26670 -6042

34350 29492 -4858

34730 30930 -3799

... ... ...

Montenegro Monténégro

IMP S EXP S BAL

. . .

2855 624 -2231

3748 617 -3131

2313 388 -1926

2186 437 -1749

2544 632 -1912

2309 471 -1838

2354 498 -1856

2369 447 -1921

2039 352 -1687

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Total merchandise trade by regions and countries or areas (Table A) Imports CIF, exports FOB and balance: million U.S. dollars

Commerce total de marchandises par régions et pays ou zones (Tableau A) Importations CIF, exportations FOB, et balance : en millions de dollars E.-U.

Country or Area - Pays ou Zone

IMP G/ EXP S BAL

2000

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

Romania Roumanie

IMP S EXP S BAL

13055 10367 -2688

69602 40042 -29560

82965 49539 -33426

54256 40621 -13635

61885 49357 -12528

76251 62659 -13592

70260 57904 -12355

73452 65881 -7571

77882 69891 -7991

69855 60604 -9252

Serbia Serbie

IMP S EXP S BAL

. . .

18400 8817 -9584

22880 10971 -11908

18462 11862 -6599

16686 9766 -6920

19862 11779 -8082

18927 11348 -7579

20551 14609 -5942

20608 14844 -5765

18172 13355 -4817

Serbia and Montenegro5 5 Serbie et Monténégro

IMP S EXP S BAL

3711 1723 -1988

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

TFYR Macedonia L'ex-Ry de Macédoine

IMP S EXP S BAL

2094 1323 -771

5216 3356 -1860

6843 3920 -2923

5038 2692 -2346

5474 3351 -2123

7027 4478 -2549

6522 4015 -2507

6620 4299 -2321

7277 4934 -2343

6400 4490 -1910

IMP EXP BAL

70777 143257 72480

352324 497686 145362

470015 707851 237837

304022 440378 136356

385468 575087 189620

510023 762078 252054

530798 777787 246989

536057 762333 226276

479860 720560 240701

335865 499930 164065

IMP EXP BAL

13519 17794 4275

59569 70845 11275

73098 139142 66043

59331 76439 17108

56330 99189 42859

70849 133567 62718

80313 135352 55039

95612 132114 36503

92943 130330 37387

81345 89599 8254

CIS CEI Asia Asie Armenia Arménie

IMP S EXP S BAL

882 294 -588

3282 1219 -2063

4427 1057 -3370

3303 698 -2605

3783 1011 -2771

4196 1316 -2881

4267 1428 -2839

4386 1479 -2907

4402 1519 -2882

3254 1487 -1767

Azerbaijan Azerbaïdjan

IMP G EXP G BAL

1172 1745 573

5714 6058 345

7170 47756 40586

6123 14701 8578

6601 21360 14760

9756 26571 16815

9653 23908 14255

10713 23975 13263

9188 21829 12641

9221 11425 2203

Georgia Géorgie

IMP G EXP G BAL

710 324 -386

5212 1232 -3980

6302 1495 -4806

4500 1134 -3367

5257 1677 -3580

7038 2187 -4852

8037 2376 -5661

8012 2910 -5102

8593 2861 -5732

7707 2204 -5503

Kazakhstan Kazakhstan

IMP G EXP G BAL

5040 8812 3772

33260 48351 15091

38452 71971 33519

28409 43196 14787

24024 57244 33220

30000 83316 53316

35307 88575 53268

45966 81912 35945

41202 79117 37915

... ... ...

Kyrgyzstan Kirghizistan

IMP S EXP S BAL

558 511 -47

2417 1338 -1079

4072 1874 -2198

3040 1694 -1347

3223 1779 -1444

4261 2267 -1994

5576 1955 -3622

6070 2058 -4012

5732 1897 -3836

4070 1441 -2628

Tajikistan Tadjikistan

IMP G EXP G BAL

675 784 109

2547 1468 -1079

3273 1409 -1864

2570 1010 -1560

2657 1195 -1462

3206 1257 -1949

3778 1360 -2418

4151 1162 -2989

4297 977 -3320

3435 891 -2544

Uzbekistan Ouzbékistan

IMP G EXP G BAL

2697 2817 120

4848 8029 3181

7076 10369 3293

9023 10735 1712

8386 11587 3201

9953 13254 3301

... ... ...

13799 15087 1288

... ... ...

... ... ...

57259 125463 68205

292755 426842 134087

396916 568710 171794

244691 363939 119248

329137 475898 146761

439175 628511 189336

450485 642436 191951

440445 630218 189773

386917 590230 203313

254519 410331 155812

Europe Europe

IMP EXP BAL

Belarus Bélarus

IMP G EXP G BAL

8646 7326 -1320

28693 24275 -4418

39381 32571 -6811

28569 21304 -7265

34884 25284 -9601

45771 41419 -4352

46404 46060 -345

42999 37232 -5766

40502 36081 -4422

30312 26686 -3626

Republic of Moldova République de Moldova

IMP G EXP G BAL

776 472 -305

3690 1340 -2350

4899 1591 -3308

3278 1283 -1995

3855 1542 -2314

5191 2217 -2975

5213 2162 -3051

5493 2399 -3094

5317 2340 -2978

3986 1968 -2019

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

5

Total merchandise trade by regions and countries or areas (Table A) Imports CIF, exports FOB and balance: million U.S. dollars

Commerce total de marchandises par régions et pays ou zones (Tableau A) Importations CIF, exportations FOB, et balance : en millions de dollars E.-U.

Country or Area - Pays ou Zone

2000

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

Russian Federation Fédération de Russie

IMP G EXP G BAL

33880 103093 69213

199754 351930 152176

267101 467581 200480

167411 301656 134245

229655 397668 168013

305605 516481 210877

314150 525383 211233

314967 527266 212299

286669 497909 211240

182719 343543 160824

Ukraine Ukraine

IMP G EXP G BAL

13956 14573 617

60618 49296 -11322

85535 66967 -18568

45433 39696 -5737

60742 51405 -9337

82608 68394 -14214

84718 68831 -15887

76987 63321 -13666

54429 53902 -527

37502 38135 633

IMP EXP BAL

46956 49865 2909

112469 153521 41051

164473 207537 43064

146452 134078 -12374

161273 164438 3165

182419 161707 -20712

208466 199678 -8787

211607 177149 -34458

209267 147739 -61527

184225 102065 -82160

Algeria Algérie

IMP S EXP S BAL

9172 22019 12848

27525 59761 32236

39578 79587 40010

39333 45240 5907

40228 57786 17558

47279 73661 26383

50352 72857 22505

54965 65555 10590

58367 61413 3046

51763 35278 -16485

Egypt6,7 6,7 Egypte

IMP G EXP G BAL

13963 4675 -9288

27063 16200 -10863

48775 26246 -22528

44946 23062 -21884

52923 26438 -26485

58903 30528 -28376

65774 29409 -36365

59662 28493 -31169

61010 24736 -36275

... ... ...

Libya Libye

IMP G EXP G BAL

3703 10137 6434

6753 47048 40295

9116 62031 52915

10037 37265 27228

10506 46016 35510

7999 18015 10016

22996 58954 35959

27011 43986 16976

18994 20994 2000

... ... ...

Morocco Maroc

IMP S EXP S BAL

11534 7175 -4359

32010 15340 -16670

42366 20345 -22021

32881 14054 -18827

35385 17765 -17620

44267 21650 -22617

44885 21444 -23441

45641 22049 -23592

46057 23836 -22221

... ... ...

Tunisia Tunisie

IMP G EXP G BAL

8567 5850 -2717

19101 15163 -3938

24622 19319 -5303

19241 14449 -4791

22218 16427 -5791

23958 17847 -6111

24447 17008 -7439

24317 17061 -7256

24828 16756 -8072

20221 14073 -6148

IMP EXP BAL

78694 93704 15011

245445 279964 34519

301987 357213 55226

253559 260698 7139

290980 341766 50786

362954 431211 68257

354078 420738 66660

379648 423889 44241

398810 420053 21243

388432 369720 -18712

Northern Africa Afrique du nord

Sub-Saharan Africa Afrique subsaharienne

6

IMP G/ EXP S BAL

Angola3 3 Angola

IMP S EXP S BAL

3040 7703 4663

13662 44396 30735

20982 63914 42932

22660 40828 18168

16667 50595 33928

22938 67310 44373

23717 71093 47376

26344 68247 41903

28587 59170 30583

20095 33168 13073

Benin Bénin

IMP S EXP S BAL

567 392 -174

2037 1052 -984

2290 1285 -1005

1553 423 -1130

1494 437 -1057

2701 1397 -1304

2202 1402 -800

2148 1154 -995

... ... ...

... ... ...

Botswana Botswana

IMP G EXP G BAL

2079 2661 581

4077 5170 1093

5232 5077 -155

4771 3514 -1257

5666 4692 -975

7300 5893 -1407

8114 5971 -2143

8424 7774 -649

8077 8509 431

7237 6309 -928

Burkina Faso Burkina Faso

IMP G EXP G BAL

608 213 -395

1685 623 -1062

2009 693 -1315

2084 868 -1216

2157 1319 -837

2574 2353 -221

3420 2183 -1237

4163 2356 -1807

3351 2487 -864

... ... ...

Burundi Burundi

IMP S EXP S BAL

148 50 -98

319 62 -257

402 54 -348

402 62 -340

509 100 -409

752 122 -630

751 132 -619

811 99 -712

769 124 -645

724 113 -611

Cabo Verde Cabo Verde

IMP G EXP G BAL

237 11 -227

753 19 -734

819 32 -788

709 35 -674

743 45 -698

947 69 -878

766 53 -713

727 69 -658

653 115 -538

... ... ...

Cameroon Cameroun

IMP S EXP S BAL

1483 1823 341

4671 4230 -441

5699 5241 -458

4442 3552 -890

5051 3881 -1170

6802 4523 -2280

6515 4585 -1930

6657 4521 -2136

7553 5153 -2400

... ... ...

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Total merchandise trade by regions and countries or areas (Table A) Imports CIF, exports FOB and balance: million U.S. dollars

Commerce total de marchandises par régions et pays ou zones (Tableau A) Importations CIF, exportations FOB, et balance : en millions de dollars E.-U.

Country or Area - Pays ou Zone

IMP G/ EXP S BAL

2000

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

Cent. Afr. Rep. Rép. centrafricaine

IMP S EXP S BAL

118 163 45

251 181 -70

298 150 -149

273 81 -192

244 91 -153

276 116 -161

276 112 -163

250 140 -111

... ... ...

... ... ...

Chad Tchad

IMP S EXP S BAL

483 236 -248

1794 3653 1859

1906 4345 2439

2289 2636 347

2507 3411 903

2700 4599 1899

2600 3901 1301

2997 4496 1498

3496 4194 698

... ... ...

Comoros Comores

IMP S EXP S BAL

43 14 -29

139 14 -125

174 9 -165

171 16 -155

190 18 -172

277 25 -251

300 25 -275

285 25 -260

... ... ...

... ... ...

Congo Congo

IMP S EXP S BAL

479 2489 2010

2606 5635 3029

3142 8300 5159

2987 6100 3113

2987 8200 5213

5200 11500 6300

5200 11000 5800

5500 9800 4300

6200 8614 2414

... ... ...

Cote d'Ivoire Côte d'Ivoire

IMP S EXP S BAL

2485 3611 1127

6694 8692 1998

7863 10301 2438

7023 10326 3303

7863 10285 2423

6714 10928 4214

9774 10861 1087

12628 13687 1060

10722 12634 1911

... ... ...

Dem. Rep. of the Congo Rép. dém. du Congo

IMP S EXP S BAL

697 824 126

2950 2600 -350

4300 4400 100

3900 3500 -400

4500 5300 800

5500 6600 1100

6100 6300 200

6300 6300 0

6500 6600 100

... ... ...

Djibouti Djibouti

IMP G EXP G BAL

207 32 -175

473 58 -415

574 69 -505

451 77 -373

420 100 -320

511 93 -418

580 95 -485

560 120 -440

... ... ...

... ... ...

Equatorial Guinea Guinée équatoriale

IMP G EXP G BAL

451 1097 646

2369 10205 7836

3934 15996 12062

5205 9108 3903

5680 9964 4285

6014 13532 7518

5987 15467 9480

6990 13981 6990

6492 11587 5094

... ... ...

Ethiopia Ethiopie

IMP G EXP G BAL

1261 482 -779

5797 1282 -4516

8268 1561 -6708

7644 1522 -6123

8535 2270 -6265

8897 2974 -5922

11914 3186 -8728

11510 3005 -8505

16244 3495 -12750

... ... ...

Gabon Gabon

IMP S EXP S BAL

996 2605 1610

2155 6302 4147

2607 9566 6959

2514 5451 2937

2984 8691 5706

3666 9768 6102

3630 7704 4075

3886 9514 5628

3105 8949 5844

... ... ...

Gambia Gambie

IMP G EXP G BAL

187 15 -172

323 13 -310

325 14 -311

304 15 -289

300 15 -285

336 11 -325

380 18 -362

348 8 -340

... ... ...

... ... ...

Ghana Ghana

IMP G EXP G BAL

2974 1317 -1657

8057 4322 -3735

10243 5625 -4618

8069 5840 -2229

11032 7960 -3072

12606 12784 179

13626 11976 -1649

12793 13691 898

... ... ...

... ... ...

Guinea Guinée

IMP S EXP S BAL

612 666 54

1218 1203 -15

1366 1342 -24

1060 1050 -10

1405 1471 66

2106 1433 -673

2300 1400 -900

2150 1300 -850

2115 1428 -687

... ... ...

Guinea-Bissau Guinée-Bissau

IMP G EXP G BAL

60 62 3

110 107 -3

199 128 -71

202 120 -82

197 120 -77

260 230 -30

250 130 -120

240 210 -30

... ... ...

... ... ...

Kenya Kenya

IMP G EXP G BAL

3105 1734 -1371

8989 4080 -4910

11080 4975 -6105

10207 4463 -5743

12074 5149 -6925

14783 5756 -9027

16288 6126 -10162

16358 5856 -10503

18397 6046 -12351

16021 5880 -10141

Lesotho Lesotho

IMP G EXP G BAL

809 221 -589

1741 770 -971

1995 883 -1113

1973 723 -1250

2206 801 -1404

1454 775 -678

1598 676 -922

2284 934 -1350

2207 924 -1283

... ... ...

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

7

Total merchandise trade by regions and countries or areas (Table A) Imports CIF, exports FOB and balance: million U.S. dollars

Commerce total de marchandises par régions et pays ou zones (Tableau A) Importations CIF, exportations FOB, et balance : en millions de dollars E.-U.

Country or Area - Pays ou Zone

8

IMP G/ EXP S BAL

2000

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

Liberia Libéria

IMP S EXP S BAL

... ... ...

499 200 -299

813 242 -571

551 149 -402

710 222 -488

814 367 -447

1076 459 -617

1210 540 -670

1046 583 -463

... ... ...

Madagascar Madagascar

IMP S EXP S BAL

999 828 -171

2449 1371 -1078

3843 1670 -2173

3160 1095 -2065

2546 1082 -1464

2628 1249 -1379

2486 1236 -1250

3201 1951 -1250

3254 2142 -1112

... ... ...

Malawi Malawi

IMP G EXP G BAL

533 379 -153

1380 709 -671

1700 860 -840

2096 1080 -1015

2162 1130 -1032

2426 1398 -1027

2334 1183 -1151

2831 1196 -1636

2960 1370 -1590

... ... ...

Mali Mali

IMP S EXP S BAL

807 552 -255

2183 1567 -616

3343 2082 -1261

2487 1783 -704

3430 1996 -1434

3391 2392 -999

2940 2163 -776

3699 2601 -1098

3951 2097 -1854

... ... ...

Mauritania Mauritanie

IMP S EXP S BAL

354 343 -11

1428 1356 -72

1669 1651 -18

1337 1407 70

1708 1799 91

2453 2458 6

2971 2624 -347

3975 2685 -1290

3612 2289 -1323

3702 1656 -2046

Mauritius Maurice

IMP G EXP G BAL

2206 1803 -403

3894 2238 -1656

4655 2386 -2269

3734 1939 -1795

4387 2262 -2125

5149 2565 -2584

5355 2649 -2706

5399 2872 -2527

5610 3083 -2527

... ... ...

Mozambique Mozambique

IMP S EXP S BAL

1162 364 -798

3050 2412 -638

4008 2653 -1355

3764 2147 -1617

3864 2333 -1530

6312 3604 -2708

8688 3856 -4832

10099 4024 -6075

8717 4725 -3991

7908 3198 -4710

Namibia Namibie

IMP G EXP G BAL

1539 1317 -222

4544 4466 -78

5260 5373 114

6465 5122 -1343

6510 5290 -1219

6625 5362 -1263

7321 5481 -1840

7568 5740 -1828

... ... ...

... ... ...

Niger Niger

IMP S EXP S BAL

390 284 -107

1163 664 -499

1659 902 -757

1502 593 -909

2179 642 -1537

1814 903 -910

1799 1503 -296

1909 1613 -295

2247 1498 -749

... ... ...

Nigeria Nigéria

IMP G EXP G BAL

8721 20975 12254

37576 65133 27557

42378 80615 38237

33906 56742 22836

44235 84000 39765

64410 114500 50090

35703 114000 78297

44598 ... ...

... ... ...

... ... ...

Rwanda Rwanda

IMP G EXP G BAL

211 52 -159

736 176 -559

1131 267 -865

1227 193 -1035

1401 255 -1146

1775 464 -1311

1999 470 -1529

2480 689 -1792

2457 736 -1721

... ... ...

Saint Helena8 8 Sainte-Hélèna

IMP G EXP G BAL

10 0 -10

16 0 -15

16 0 -16

16 1 -16

... ... ...

... ... ...

... ... ...

... ... ...

... ... ...

... ... ...

Sao Tome and Principe Sao Tomé-et-Principe

IMP S EXP S BAL

30 3 -27

79 7 -72

114 11 -103

103 8 -95

112 11 -101

132 11 -121

140 11 -129

140 12 -128

172 17 -155

... ... ...

Senegal Sénégal

IMP G EXP G BAL

1513 921 -592

4271 1652 -2618

5700 1995 -3705

4550 1834 -2716

4442 2059 -2383

5390 2432 -2958

5883 2382 -3501

6067 2440 -3627

6047 2617 -3430

... ... ...

Seychelles Seychelles

IMP G EXP G BAL

343 193 -150

861 356 -506

1106 437 -668

807 402 -405

989 400 -589

1049 483 -566

1074 497 -577

1098 578 -520

1144 539 -605

... ... ...

Sierra Leone Sierra Leone

IMP S EXP S BAL

149 13 -136

446 244 -202

534 216 -318

522 233 -288

776 319 -458

1714 350 -1365

1603 1122 -482

1617 1910 292

1568 1552 -16

... ... ...

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Total merchandise trade by regions and countries or areas (Table A) Imports CIF, exports FOB and balance: million U.S. dollars

Commerce total de marchandises par régions et pays ou zones (Tableau A) Importations CIF, exportations FOB, et balance : en millions de dollars E.-U.

Country or Area - Pays ou Zone

IMP G/ EXP S BAL

2000

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

South Africa3,9 3,9 Afrique du Sud

IMP G EXP G BAL

26795 29987 3192

79873 69787 -10086

94901 84488 -10413

64439 62627 -1812

80132 81826 1695

99713 96930 -2783

101415 87372 -14043

101262 83542 -17719

99924 91194 -8730

85715 81646 -4069

Sudan Soudan

IMP G EXP G BAL

1553 1807 254

8450 8866 416

9352 11671 2319

9691 8257 -1434

10045 11404 1360

9236 10193 957

9230 4067 -5164

9918 4790 -5128

9211 4350 -4861

... ... ...

Swaziland Swaziland

IMP G EXP G BAL

1039 903 -137

1853 1885 33

1665 1681 16

1617 1479 -138

1710 1557 -153

1940 1901 -39

1946 1897 -49

1525 1894 370

... ... ...

... ... ...

Togo Togo

IMP S EXP S BAL

562 362 -200

1243 700 -543

1499 901 -598

1951 811 -1140

996 641 -356

1800 1100 -700

1793 997 -796

2108 1048 -1059

... ... ...

... ... ...

Uganda Ouganda

IMP G EXP G BAL

1511 469 -1043

3497 2003 -1494

4559 2717 -1841

4265 3004 -1261

4709 3115 -1594

4565 2399 -2166

5230 2861 -2369

4927 2847 -2080

5086 2667 -2420

4761 2698 -2063

United Rep. of Tanzania Rép.-Unie de Tanzanie

IMP G EXP G BAL

1523 663 -860

5337 2022 -3315

7081 2674 -4407

6296 2367 -3929

7708 3522 -4186

10702 4392 -6310

11266 5075 -6191

12235 5043 -7191

... ... ...

... ... ...

Zambia Zambie

IMP S EXP S BAL

888 893 4

4010 4621 611

5017 5067 50

3791 4310 519

5319 7206 1888

7276 8824 1549

8810 9375 565

10177 10600 423

9545 9696 151

8451 6983 -1468

Zimbabwe Zimbabwe

IMP G EXP G BAL

1861 1923 62

2550 2400 -150

2950 2200 -750

2900 2269 -631

3800 3199 -601

4400 3512 -888

4400 3800 -600

4300 3552 -748

4200 3438 -762

... ... ...

IMP EXP BAL

376134 355954 -20181

733270 759828 26557

896727 888668 -8059

673750 680162 6412

855961 861934 5974

1048707 1074338 25631

1077809 1086815 9006

1117303 1091081 -26222

1116665 1067452 -49213

1003677 949030 -54646

IMP EXP BAL

26914 11431 -15483

50405 24776 -25628

61394 30405 -30990

48541 19530 -29011

50664 22196 -28468

57124 29573 -27550

56514 29999 -26516

53650 31452 -22198

52897 32616 -20281

53758 33547 -20210

Latin America & The Caribbean Amérique latine et les Caraïbes The Caribbean Les Caraïbes Anguilla Anguilla

IMP S EXP S BAL

99 4 -95

248 9 -239

272 11 -260

169 23 -146

157 12 -145

153 16 -137

150 8 -142

145 4 -141

152 2 -150

158 2 -157

Antigua and Barbuda Antigua-et-Barbuda

IMP G EXP G BAL

338 42 -296

727 174 -553

806 92 -713

699 206 -493

501 35 -466

471 29 -442

535 29 -506

515 32 -483

553 25 -528

488 26 -462

Aruba Aruba

IMP S EXP S BAL

835 173 -662

1114 98 -1016

1134 100 -1034

1147 136 -1012

1069 125 -945

1283 151 -1132

1258 173 -1085

1303 167 -1136

1265 116 -1150

... ... ...

Bahamas10 10 Bahamas

IMP G EXP G BAL

2074 576 -1498

2449 485 -1965

2354 560 -1794

2699 585 -2114

2863 621 -2241

3411 727 -2684

3658 829 -2829

3276 715 -2561

... ... ...

... ... ...

Barbados Barbade

IMP G EXP G BAL

1156 272 -884

1709 419 -1291

1879 445 -1433

1471 369 -1102

1562 429 -1133

1805 465 -1340

1806 570 -1236

1759 463 -1296

1739 474 -1265

1618 483 -1135

Cayman Islands Îles Caïmanes

IMP G EXP G BAL

693 4 -689

1029 21 -1008

1078 15 -1064

893 19 -874

828 13 -815

911 22 -890

910 20 -890

929 30 -899

976 26 -950

... ... ...

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

9

Total merchandise trade by regions and countries or areas (Table A) Imports CIF, exports FOB and balance: million U.S. dollars

Commerce total de marchandises par régions et pays ou zones (Tableau A) Importations CIF, exportations FOB, et balance : en millions de dollars E.-U.

Country or Area - Pays ou Zone

2000

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

Cuba Cuba

IMP S EXP S BAL

3363 1219 -2144

10889 3998 -6892

14249 3680 -10570

... ... ...

... ... ...

... ... ...

... ... ...

... ... ...

... ... ...

... ... ...

Dominica Dominique

IMP S EXP S BAL

148 54 -95

196 38 -158

247 40 -207

225 34 -191

224 37 -187

226 31 -195

208 34 -174

203 35 -168

230 36 -194

218 30 -188

Dominican Republic3,11 3,11 République dominicaine

IMP G EXP G BAL

6416 966 -5450

11289 2635 -8654

14020 2394 -11626

10057 1690 -8367

12885 2711 -10174

14522 3678 -10845

14939 4129 -10810

13876 4474 -9401

13838 4677 -9162

... ... ...

Grenada Grenade

IMP S EXP S BAL

246 78 -168

365 33 -332

377 30 -347

293 29 -264

317 24 -293

329 28 -302

336 35 -301

368 33 -336

336 40 -296

353 34 -319

Haiti Haïti

IMP G EXP G BAL

1040 313 -727

1681 522 -1159

2310 475 -1835

2121 576 -1546

3147 579 -2568

3018 767 -2251

3170 814 -2356

3400 885 -2516

3734 950 -2785

... ... ...

Jamaica Jamaïque

IMP G EXP G BAL

3302 1295 -2007

6394 2070 -4324

7734 2542 -5192

4860 1319 -3540

5201 1331 -3870

6489 1603 -4886

6485 1709 -4776

6200 1574 -4626

5840 1444 -4396

... ... ...

Montserrat Montserrat

IMP S EXP S BAL

22 1 -21

30 3 -27

38 4 -34

30 3 -26

29 1 -28

33 2 -31

37 2 -35

42 6 -36

41 3 -38

39 3 -36

Neth. Antilles12 12 Antilles néer.

IMP S EXP S BAL

2862 2009 -853

2549 676 -1872

3079 1088 -1991

2607 810 -1797

2687 811 -1876

... ... ...

... ... ...

... ... ...

... ... ...

... ... ...

Saint Kitts-Nevis Saint-Kitts-et-Nevis

IMP S EXP S BAL

196 29 -167

272 32 -241

325 43 -282

302 43 -260

228 45 -183

248 34 -214

226 50 -176

249 50 -199

268 53 -215

374 58 -315

Saint Lucia Sainte-Lucie

IMP S EXP S BAL

355 47 -308

635 107 -528

657 145 -512

539 163 -376

601 228 -373

670 256 -414

683 156 -527

598 171 -427

556 168 -388

570 180 -390

Saint Vincent-Grenadines St.Vincent-Grenadines

IMP S EXP S BAL

148 50 -97

327 48 -279

373 52 -321

334 50 -284

345 44 -301

332 39 -293

357 44 -314

378 48 -330

362 48 -314

334 46 -288

Trinidad and Tobago Trinité-et-Tobago

IMP S EXP S BAL

3308 4274 966

7662 13393 5731

9596 18663 9067

6953 9140 2187

6483 10188 3705

9976 14842 4866

9400 13100 3700

8799 12700 3902

8750 11600 2850

... ... ...

Turks and Caicos Islands Îles Turques et Caïques

IMP G EXP G BAL

149 9 -140

581 16 -564

591 25 -566

375 21 -355

302 16 -286

318 15 -303

347 15 -332

345 6 -339

414 6 -408

... ... ...

349220 344523 -4698

682866 735051 52185

835333 858264 22931

625209 660632 35423

805297 839739 34442

991584 1044765 53182

1021295 1056816 35521

1063653 1059629 -4023

1063768 1034836 -28932

949919 915483 -34436

Latin America Amérique latine

10

IMP G/ EXP S BAL

IMP EXP BAL

Argentina Argentine

IMP S EXP S BAL

25154 26341 1187

44707 55779 11072

57413 70588 13175

39105 56065 16961

48048 64722 16674

74319 84269 9950

68505 75219 6713

74002 83026 9024

65323 71936 6613

59789 59706 -83

Belize Belize

IMP G EXP G BAL

524 218 -306

684 254 -430

837 290 -547

669 224 -445

709 280 -430

831 340 -491

882 340 -541

930 315 -616

1005 303 -701

... ... ...

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Total merchandise trade by regions and countries or areas (Table A) Imports CIF, exports FOB and balance: million U.S. dollars

Commerce total de marchandises par régions et pays ou zones (Tableau A) Importations CIF, exportations FOB, et balance : en millions de dollars E.-U.

Country or Area - Pays ou Zone

IMP G/ EXP S BAL

2000

Bolivia (Plurinational State IMP G Bolivie (État plurinational de) EXP G BAL

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

1830 1230 -600

3457 4458 1001

5081 7058 1977

4545 4918 373

5590 6179 589

7927 8107 179

8578 10312 1733

9338 11189 1851

10421 12266 1845

9480 8261 -1219

Brazil Brésil

IMP G EXP G BAL

58643 55119 -3524

126645 160649 34004

182377 197942 15565

133673 152995 19322

191537 201915 10378

236946 256040 19094

228377 242580 14203

244677 242179 -2498

239156 225101 -14055

178832 191134 12302

Chile Chili

IMP S EXP S BAL

18507 19210 703

47164 67666 20502

61903 66456 4553

41364 51963 10599

57928 68996 11068

73545 80027 6482

79080 79712 632

80443 77877 -2566

72433 74547 2113

62797 64087 1290

Colombia Colombie

IMP G EXP G BAL

11539 13043 1505

33164 29786 -3378

39320 38265 -1055

32898 32784 -114

40683 39710 -973

54675 56507 1832

58633 59573 941

59397 58657 -740

64060 54788 -9272

54058 35606 -18451

Costa Rica Costa Rica

IMP S EXP S BAL

6389 5850 -539

12957 9376 -3582

15366 9575 -5791

11460 8711 -2750

13557 9343 -4214

16218 10238 -5980

17513 11151 -6362

17923 11542 -6381

17229 11217 -6012

15425 9525 -5900

Ecuador Equateur

IMP G EXP G BAL

3721 4927 1206

13565 13852 287

18852 18818 -34

15090 13863 -1227

20591 17415 -3176

24286 22345 -1941

25304 23765 -1539

27146 24848 -2298

27740 25732 -2007

... 18366 ...

El Salvador El Salvador

IMP S EXP S BAL

4948 2941 -2006

8677 3977 -4700

9754 4579 -5175

7255 3797 -3457

8548 4472 -4077

10118 4979 -5139

10270 5340 -4929

10772 5491 -5281

10513 5273 -5240

10416 5485 -4931

Guatemala Guatemala

IMP S EXP S BAL

5171 2711 -2460

11861 4489 -7371

12835 5412 -7423

10066 3835 -6232

12051 5907 -6145

14518 7201 -7317

14873 7139 -7734

14368 6975 -7392

14921 7366 -7555

14998 7176 -7822

Guyana Guyana

IMP S EXP S BAL

582 502 -80

1059 679 -381

1312 795 -518

1161 763 -398

1397 880 -517

1763 1116 -647

1997 1415 -581

1750 1380 -370

1780 1160 -620

... ... ...

Honduras Honduras

IMP S EXP S BAL

2980 1297 -1682

6762 2120 -4642

8831 2883 -5948

6133 2304 -3829

7079 2712 -4367

8953 3892 -5060

9464 4427 -5037

9169 3923 -5246

9311 4063 -5247

9424 3911 -5513

Mexico3,13 3,13 Mexique

IMP G EXP G BAL

174500 166368 -8132

283264 272055 -11209

310561 291827 -18734

234385 229683 -4702

301482 298138 -3344

350856 349569 -1287

370746 370889 143

381202 380107 -1095

399977 397658 -2319

395232 380763 -14469

Nicaragua Nicaragua

IMP G EXP G BAL

1805 643 -1163

3579 1194 -2385

4300 1473 -2827

3438 1393 -2045

4229 1845 -2384

5180 2294 -2886

5847 2644 -3204

5647 2408 -3239

5874 2626 -3248

5899 2423 -3476

Panama Panama

IMP S EXP S BAL

3379 859 -2519

6872 1164 -5709

9050 1247 -7803

7801 948 -6853

9145 832 -8313

11340 785 -10554

12494 822 -11672

13024 844 -12180

13705 818 -12887

12136 696 -11440

Paraguay Paraguay

IMP S EXP S BAL

2193 2200 7

5859 4724 -1136

9033 6407 -2626

6940 5080 -1860

10040 6517 -3524

12317 7776 -4540

11502 7283 -4219

12142 9456 -2686

12169 9636 -2533

10215 8357 -1858

Peru3 3 Pérou

IMP S EXP S BAL

7407 6955 -452

19580 27882 8301

28373 31529 3157

21006 26885 5879

28818 35565 6747

37112 46118 9005

41089 45600 4510

42199 41484 -715

40766 37870 -2897

... 33970 ...

Suriname Suriname

IMP G EXP G BAL

243 395 152

1111 1287 177

1518 1668 149

1356 1393 37

1380 1851 471

1667 2345 677

1963 2659 696

2141 2380 239

1982 2113 131

1949 1585 -364

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

11

Total merchandise trade by regions and countries or areas (Table A) Imports CIF, exports FOB and balance: million U.S. dollars

Commerce total de marchandises par régions et pays ou zones (Tableau A) Importations CIF, exportations FOB, et balance : en millions de dollars E.-U.

Country or Area - Pays ou Zone

2000

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

Uruguay Uruguay

IMP G EXP G BAL

3466 2295 -1171

5726 4485 -1241

8943 6421 -2523

6209 5417 -792

8619 6707 -1912

10623 7997 -2626

10642 8601 -2041

10990 8844 -2146

10901 9475 -1425

9095 7742 -1354

Venezuela (Bolivarian Rep. Venezuela (Rép.

IMP G EXP G BAL

16213 31413 15200

46097 69165 23068

49602 95021 45419

40597 57603 17006

33815 65745 31930

38346 92811 54465

43501 97340 53840

46363 86700 40337

44478 ... ...

... ... ...

IMP EXP BAL

742209 774892 32683

1909513 2185425 275912

2206817 2473784 266968

1857749 2091251 233502

2521545 2717456 195911

3055326 3202603 147278

3137294 3352356 215061

3285271 3546624 261352

3333544 3717587 384043

2893496 3568653 675156

China Chine

IMP S EXP S BAL

225024 249203 24179

956233 1217790 261557

1131620 1428660 297040

1004170 1201790 197620

1396200 1578270 182070

1742850 1899180 156330

1818170 2048940 230770

1949300 2210250 260950

1963110 2343190 380080

1680790 2284480 603690

China, Hong Kong SAR Chine, Hong Kong RAS

IMP G EXP G BAL

212805 201860 -10945

367647 344509 -23138

388505 362675 -25830

347311 318510 -28801

433111 390143 -42968

483633 428732 -54901

504405 442799 -61606

523558 458959 -64599

544112 473659 -70453

521984 465077 -56907

China, Macao SAR Chine, Macao RAS

IMP G EXP G BAL

2255 2539 284

5366 2543 -2823

5365 1997 -3368

4622 961 -3661

5513 870 -4643

7769 869 -6899

8877 1021 -7856

10141 1138 -9002

11262 1241 -10021

10603 1339 -9264

Korea, Republic of Corée, République de

IMP G EXP G BAL

160479 172272 11793

356852 371492 14640

435275 422007 -13268

323085 363534 40449

425212 466384 41172

524413 555216 30803

519585 547879 28294

515585 559632 44047

525514 572665 47151

436499 526756 90257

Mongolia Mongolie

IMP G EXP G BAL

615 536 -79

2117 1889 -228

3616 2539 -1077

2131 1903 -229

3278 2899 -379

6527 4780 -1747

6739 4385 -2354

6355 4273 -2082

5237 5775 538

3797 4670 872

IMP EXP BAL

94740 91012 -3728

343079 271120 -71959

465659 350844 -114815

379515 282590 -96925

505555 373614 -131941

639137 491233 -147904

658774 453797 -204976

625092 461490 -163602

630824 470545 -160279

571873 436788 -135085

Afghanistan Afghanistan

IMP G EXP G BAL

1176 137 -1039

2819 497 -2322

3020 540 -2480

3336 403 -2933

5154 388 -4766

6390 376 -6014

6200 350 -5850

5400 500 -4900

... ... ...

... ... ...

Bangladesh Bangladesh

IMP G EXP G BAL

8358 4787 -3572

17263 10233 -7030

22473 11777 -10695

20631 12443 -8188

26071 14195 -11877

33978 19807 -14171

34133 25113 -9020

33576 27033 -6543

35249 21058 -14191

... ... ...

Bhutan Bhoutan

IMP G EXP G BAL

235 127 -108

526 675 148

543 520 -23

529 495 -34

854 641 -213

1052 678 -374

992 535 -457

911 544 -367

810 555 -255

... ... ...

India14 14 Inde

IMP G EXP G BAL

51563 42378 -9185

229349 150160 -79189

321025 194816 -126210

257200 164912 -92288

350192 226334 -123858

464507 302892 -161615

489689 296827 -192863

465424 314802 -150622

462909 322513 -140396

392043 267414 -124629

Iran (Islamic Rep. of)15,16 15,16 Iran (Rép. islamique d')

IMP S EXP S BAL

14347 28345 13998

45000 83000 38000

57401 113668 56267

50768 78830 28062

65404 101316 35912

61760 130500 68740

56500 95500 39000

49000 82000 33000

52000 88800 36800

... ... ...

Maldives Maldives

IMP G EXP G BAL

389 76 -313

1092 108 -984

1382 126 -1256

963 76 -886

1091 74 -1017

1465 127 -1338

1554 162 -1393

1733 167 -1567

1993 145 -1848

... ... ...

Nepal Népal

IMP G EXP G BAL

1526 700 -826

3139 870 -2269

3562 937 -2625

4392 823 -3569

5495 950 -4545

5762 917 -4845

6499 960 -5539

6428 926 -5502

... ... ...

... ... ...

Eastern Asia Asie Orientale

Southern Asia Asie Méridionale

12

IMP G/ EXP S BAL

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Total merchandise trade by regions and countries or areas (Table A) Imports CIF, exports FOB and balance: million U.S. dollars

Commerce total de marchandises par régions et pays ou zones (Tableau A) Importations CIF, exportations FOB, et balance : en millions de dollars E.-U.

Country or Area - Pays ou Zone

IMP G/ EXP S BAL

2000

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

Pakistan Pakistan

IMP G EXP G BAL

10864 9028 -1836

32590 17838 -14752

42300 20323 -21977

31647 17523 -14124

37783 21410 -16373

43955 25383 -18572

44105 24567 -19537

44647 25121 -19526

47434 24706 -22729

43795 22089 -21706

Sri Lanka Sri Lanka

IMP G EXP G BAL

6281 5433 -848

11301 7740 -3560

13953 8137 -5816

10049 7085 -2965

13512 8307 -5205

20268 10553 -9715

19102 9784 -9318

17973 10397 -7576

19652 11199 -8452

... ... ...

379470 429596 50126

774039 865146 91106

939039 988287 49248

728238 813295 85057

954566 1049619 95053

1152044 1232120 80076

1226074 1252135 26061

1244020 1269326 25305

1236379 1288107 51728

1087985 1162454 74469

South-eastern Asia Asie du Sud-est

IMP EXP BAL

Brunei Darussalam Brunéi Darussalam

IMP S EXP S BAL

1107 3907 2801

2101 7693 5592

2572 10322 7750

2449 7200 4751

2539 8908 6369

3602 12458 8855

3563 12982 9418

3612 11447 7835

3597 10588 6990

... ... ...

Cambodia Cambodge

IMP S EXP S BAL

1424 1123 -302

5300 4400 -900

6508 4708 -1800

5830 4196 -1634

6791 5143 -1648

9300 6950 -2350

11000 8200 -2800

13000 9100 -3900

13500 10800 -2700

... ... ...

Indonesia Indonésie

IMP S EXP S BAL

43075 65404 22329

93101 118014 24913

127538 139606 12068

93786 119646 25860

135323 158074 22751

176881 200587 23706

190992 188516 -2476

186351 182659 -3692

178182 176341 -1841

142691 150358 7667

Lao P.Dem.R. Rép. dém. populaire lao

IMP S EXP S BAL

535 330 -205

1067 842 -225

1405 1085 -320

1461 1053 -408

2060 1746 -314

2404 2190 -215

3055 2271 -784

3020 2264 -756

3300 2650 -650

... ... ...

Malaysia Malaisie

IMP G EXP G BAL

81963 98229 16266

146171 175966 29795

156348 199414 43066

123757 157244 33487

164622 198612 33990

187473 228086 40613

196393 227538 31145

205898 228331 22434

208874 234139 25265

175962 199876 23915

Myanmar Myanmar

IMP G EXP G BAL

2371 1620 -751

3247 6253 3006

4256 6882 2626

4348 6662 2314

4760 8661 3901

9019 9238 219

9151 8877 -274

12043 11233 -810

16227 11299 -4928

... ... ...

Philippines Philippines

IMP G EXP G BAL

36887 37767 880

57708 50518 -7190

60491 49462 -11030

45856 38421 -7436

58533 51541 -6992

64097 48316 -15781

65845 52072 -13772

65645 56647 -8999

68700 62148 -6552

70086 58653 -11433

Singapore Singapour

IMP G EXP G BAL

134546 137806 3259

263155 299270 36115

319781 338176 18396

245785 269832 24048

310791 351867 41076

365770 409503 43733

379723 408393 28670

373016 410250 37234

366247 405295 39048

296745 346638 49893

Thailand Thaïlande

IMP S EXP S BAL

61923 68963 7039

141294 153858 12563

179168 175897 -3270

134734 151910 17176

185121 193366 8245

229137 220221 -8916

250587 227752 -22835

249652 224863 -24789

227997 225190 -2807

201901 211033 9132

Timor-Leste Timor-Leste

IMP S EXP S BAL

. . .

199 19 -180

258 49 -209

283 35 -248

246 42 -205

319 53 -266

664 77 -587

523 53 -470

... ... ...

... ... ...

Viet Nam Viet Nam

IMP G EXP G BAL

15638 14447 -1191

60697 48313 -12384

80714 62685 -18029

69949 57096 -12853

83779 71658 -12121

104041 94518 -9523

115101 115458 357

131260 132478 1218

148770 149565 795

162825 162061 -764

198063 261901 63838

606001 745446 139444

757727 1054195 296468

609870 740948 131078

710884 925948 215064

864312 1255255 390943

915188 1347118 431929

976582 1401162 424581

988166 1345041 356874

946039 1061328 115289

4633 6194 1561

11488 13634 2146

10800 17316 6516

7300 11874 4574

9800 15400 5600

12730 19650 6920

14900 20500 5600

13000 17500 4500

... ... ...

... ... ...

Western Asia Asie Occidentale Bahrain Bahreïn

IMP EXP BAL IMP G EXP G BAL

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

13

Total merchandise trade by regions and countries or areas (Table A) Imports CIF, exports FOB and balance: million U.S. dollars

Commerce total de marchandises par régions et pays ou zones (Tableau A) Importations CIF, exportations FOB, et balance : en millions de dollars E.-U.

Country or Area - Pays ou Zone Cyprus Chypre

IMP G EXP G BAL

Iraq Iraq

IMP EXP BAL

Israel17 17 Israël

2000

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

3846 951 -2895

8687 2539 -6148

10873 1755 -9118

7937 1352 -6585

8647 1507 -7139

8791 1956 -6835

7379 1828 -5551

6419 2136 -4283

6828 1924 -4904

5667 1931 -3736

... ... ...

... ... ...

33000 61273 28273

37000 41929 4929

43915 52483 8567

49000 83300 34300

57000 94400 37400

61000 89550 28550

59000 88968 29968

... ... ...

IMP S EXP S BAL

31404 31404 0

59039 54065 -4973

67656 60825 -6831

49278 47934 -1344

61209 58392 -2817

75830 67648 -8182

75392 63191 -12201

74861 66607 -8254

75483 68553 -6931

64955 63594 -1361

Jordan Jordanie

IMP G EXP G BAL

4597 1899 -2698

13511 5725 -7786

16764 7788 -8976

14534 6531 -8002

15085 7023 -8062

18463 7964 -10499

20691 7926 -12765

21701 7896 -13804

22952 8376 -14576

20016 7849 -12166

Kuwait Koweït

IMP S EXP S BAL

7157 19434 12278

21353 62703 41350

24840 87538 62699

19891 54012 34121

22691 66619 43927

25144 102078 76934

27259 114513 87254

29299 114115 84816

31020 100810 69791

31903 55151 23248

Lebanon Liban

IMP G EXP G BAL

6230 715 -5515

12251 3574 -8677

16754 4454 -12300

16574 4187 -12387

18460 5021 -13439

20165 4267 -15898

21287 4485 -16802

21236 4059 -17176

21138 4548 -16589

... ... ...

Oman Oman

IMP G EXP G BAL

5040 11319 6279

15978 24136 8158

22925 37719 14795

17865 28053 10188

19775 36601 16827

23620 47092 23472

29447 53174 23727

34333 56429 22096

29432 52834 23402

29007 34734 5727

Qatar Qatar

IMP S EXP S BAL

3252 11594 8342

23430 44456 21027

27900 67307 39407

24922 48007 23085

23240 74800 51560

22333 114448 92115

25223 132985 107761

27038 136855 109817

30471 131261 100789

32609 77893 45283

Saudi Arabia Arabie saoudite

IMP S EXP S BAL

30197 77480 47283

90215 233300 143086

115133 313427 198294

95544 192296 96752

106864 251147 144283

131587 364699 233112

155592 388371 232779

168155 375872 207718

173908 342481 168573

169968 202238 32269

State of Palestine État de Palestine

IMP S EXP S BAL

2383 401 -1982

3284 513 -2771

3466 558 -2908

3601 518 -3082

3959 576 -3383

4374 746 -3628

4697 782 -3915

4580 839 -3740

5055 865 -4190

4942 912 -4030

Syrian Arab Rep. République arabe syrienne

IMP S EXP S BAL

4055 4674 620

14655 11546 -3109

18105 15410 -2695

15291 10855 -4436

16950 14000 -2950

16400 10700 -5700

7800 4000 -3800

5800 3000 -2800

... ... ...

... ... ...

Turkey Turquie

IMP S EXP S BAL

54503 27775 -26728

170063 107272 -62791

201964 132027 -69937

140928 102143 -38785

185544 113883 -71661

240842 134907 -105935

236545 152462 -84083

251661 151803 -99858

242177 157614 -84563

207191 144047 -63144

United Arab Emirates Emirats arabes unis

IMP G EXP G BAL

35009 49835 14827

132500 154000 21500

177000 239213 62213

150000 185000 35000

165000 220000 55000

205000 285000 80000

220000 300000 80000

245000 365000 120000

262000 359000 97000

... ... ...

Yemen Yémen

IMP S EXP S BAL

2327 3795 1469

8513 6299 -2215

10548 7584 -2964

9206 6256 -2949

9746 8497 -1249

10034 10801 766

11975 8500 -3475

12500 9500 -3000

... ... ...

... ... ...

6924 5111 -1813

14574 10015 -4559

16887 10645 -6242

14460 8515 -5945

16625 10481 -6144

18988 12314 -6673

19400 11797 -7603

21536 11116 -10421

22364 14552 -7812

22014 13307 -8707

506 346 -160

527 464 -64

655 592 -63

547 491 -56

434 316 -118

463 278 -185

514 419 -96

479 386 -92

... ... ...

... ... ...

Oceania Océanie American Samoa18 18 Samoa américaines

14

IMP G/ EXP S BAL

IMP EXP BAL IMP S EXP S BAL

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Total merchandise trade by regions and countries or areas (Table A) Imports CIF, exports FOB and balance: million U.S. dollars

Commerce total de marchandises par régions et pays ou zones (Tableau A) Importations CIF, exportations FOB, et balance : en millions de dollars E.-U.

Country or Area - Pays ou Zone

IMP G/ EXP S BAL

2000

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

Cook Islands Iles Cook

IMP G EXP G BAL

50 9 -41

106 5 -101

105 4 -101

82 3 -79

91 5 -85

110 3 -107

112 5 -106

116 11 -105

121 18 -103

110 14 -96

Fiji Fidji

IMP G EXP G BAL

857 539 -318

1801 755 -1046

2265 922 -1343

1441 631 -811

1817 842 -975

2182 1070 -1112

2254 1224 -1030

2827 1108 -1718

2655 1220 -1435

... ... ...

French Polynesia Polynésie française

IMP S EXP S BAL

905 200 -705

1863 197 -1667

2187 195 -1991

1732 148 -1584

1740 153 -1587

1796 168 -1628

1706 139 -1567

1801 152 -1649

1762 170 -1592

1527 130 -1397

Guam Guam

IMP G EXP G BAL

... ... ...

688 91 -596

649 105 -544

635 51 -584

698 46 -652

708 55 -653

693 46 -647

687 45 -642

707 41 -666

... 40 ...

Kiribati Kiribati

IMP G EXP G BAL

39 4 -36

70 10 -60

75 8 -68

67 6 -61

73 4 -69

92 9 -83

100 6 -94

112 8 -105

... ... ...

... ... ...

Marshall Islands Iles Marshall

IMP G EXP G BAL

55 9 -46

... ... ...

... ... ...

... ... ...

... ... ...

... ... ...

... ... ...

... ... ...

... ... ...

... ... ...

Micronesia3 3 Micronésie

IMP S EXP S BAL

... ... ...

146 16 -130

160 21 -139

171 18 -153

168 23 -145

188 43 -145

194 52 -142

188 35 -153

... ... ...

... ... ...

New Caledonia Nouvelle-Calédonie

IMP S EXP S BAL

922 606 -317

2809 2104 -705

3233 1300 -1933

2574 993 -1581

3312 1493 -1820

3698 1661 -2037

3245 1321 -1923

3240 1196 -2044

3323 1565 -1758

2717 1288 -1429

Niue Nioué

IMP G EXP G BAL

2 0 -2

7 3 -4

8 0 -8

6 ... ...

... ... ...

... ... ...

... ... ...

... ... ...

... ... ...

... ... ...

Palau Palaos

IMP S EXP S BAL

123 ... ...

108 ... ...

130 ... ...

94 ... ...

103 ... ...

125 ... ...

136 ... ...

145 ... ...

162 ... ...

... ... ...

Papua New Guinea Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée

IMP G EXP G BAL

1151 2068 917

2945 4684 1738

3547 5714 2167

3198 4404 1206

3950 5742 1792

4887 6908 2021

5500 6328 828

... 5951 ...

... 8852 ...

... ... ...

Samoa Samoa

IMP S EXP S BAL

90 14 -76

227 15 -212

249 11 -238

204 12 -193

278 13 -264

319 17 -302

308 34 -274

326 24 -302

... ... ...

... ... ...

Solomon Islands Iles Salomon

IMP S EXP S BAL

92 69 -23

287 165 -123

329 210 -119

270 163 -107

300 221 -79

474 411 -64

446 502 56

465 448 -16

460 455 -5

... ... ...

Tonga Tonga

IMP G EXP G BAL

69 9 -60

143 9 -134

168 10 -158

145 8 -137

159 8 -151

193 17 -176

199 17 -182

198 22 -176

218 23 -196

... ... ...

Tuvalu Tuvalu

IMP G EXP G BAL

5 0 -5

16 0 -16

... ... ...

... ... ...

... ... ...

... ... ...

... ... ...

... ... ...

... ... ...

... ... ...

Vanuatu Vanuatu

IMP G EXP G BAL

87 26 -61

231 50 -180

314 57 -257

294 57 -237

285 49 -237

305 67 -238

296 55 -241

313 39 -275

313 63 -250

367 39 -328

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

15

Total merchandise trade by regions and countries or areas (Table A) Imports CIF, exports FOB and balance: million U.S. dollars

Commerce total de marchandises par régions et pays ou zones (Tableau A) Importations CIF, exportations FOB, et balance : en millions de dollars E.-U.

Country or Area - Pays ou Zone

IMP G/ EXP S BAL

2000

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

Additional Country Groupings ANCOM ANCOM

IMP EXP BAL

24496 26154 1658

69767 75978 6212

91626 95671 4045

73539 78449 4911

95681 98869 3188

124001 133077 9076

133604 139249 5645

138080 136177 -1903

142987 130656 -12331

121811 96203 -25608

APEC CEAP

IMP EXP BAL

3308360 3110918 -197442

6427228 6209913 -217315

7360477 7051036 -309441

5694102 5633051 -61051

7352092 7233306 -118787

8784903 8473047 -311856

9105185 8699870 -405314

9203730 8865744 -337986

9284723 9055196 -229527

8231802 8288448 56645

ASEAN ANASE

IMP EXP BAL

379470 429596 50126

773840 865127 91287

938781 988238 49457

727955 813260 85305

954320 1049577 95258

1151725 1232067 80342

1225410 1252058 26648

1243497 1269272 25776

1235395 1288015 52620

1087557 1162289 74731

CACM MCAC

IMP EXP BAL

21293 13442 -7850

43836 21156 -22680

51085 23921 -27164

38353 20040 -18313

45464 24279 -21186

54987 28604 -26383

57967 30701 -27266

57879 30340 -27539

57847 30545 -27302

56162 28520 -27642

CARICOM CARICOM

IMP EXP BAL

13681 8146 -5535

25302 19543 -5760

30362 25844 -4519

23710 14895 -8815

24987 16573 -8414

31270 22624 -8646

31742 21785 -9957

30608 20786 -9822

30344 19090 -11254

28598 17047 -11550

COMESA COMESA

IMP EXP BAL

34644 27212 -7431

82873 95981 13107

119508 128312 8803

112045 94008 -18037

127911 117014 -10897

139475 97116 -42359

169244 132277 -36967

170341 118867 -51474

169739 92097 -77642

157811 72818 -84993

ECOWAS CEDEAO

IMP EXP BAL

20021 29437 9416

68257 86192 17935

81039 106373 25334

66473 80821 14348

81958 111531 29574

107576 151248 43672

83516 150650 67134

96405 154063 57658

107830 151934 44104

123198 148904 25706

EMCCA CEMAC

IMP EXP BAL

4010 8414 4404

13845 30206 16361

17587 43598 26011

17709 26928 9219

19453 34237 14784

24659 44037 19379

24208 42770 18562

26281 42451 16170

27066 38666 11600

28621 35901 7280

LAIA ALAI

IMP EXP BAL

329913 331178 1265

646990 715662 68672

794758 835258 40500

596085 642519 46433

767217 817386 50169

941853 1018486 76633

966821 1029302 62480

1008250 1034645 26395

1007543 1012412 4869

894612 898657 4045

LDCs PMA

IMP EXP BAL

41558 33384 -8175

120633 126081 5448

157988 165747 7759

151734 124003 -27731

165794 155445 -10350

203792 197000 -6792

220623 203023 -17600

238603 211893 -26709

250968 200861 -50107

251240 185393 -65846

MERCOSUR MERCOSUR

IMP EXP BAL

107498 118597 11099

232491 299260 66769

312450 383437 70987

231068 282077 51010

297650 351785 54135

380478 457001 76522

371105 441334 70229

397511 441393 43882

382447 409296 26849

306501 350654 44153

NAFTA ALENA

IMP EXP BAL

1672611 1224927 -447684

2684365 1840548 -843816

2888878 2035686 -853191

2160932 1599725 -561207

2662781 1964109 -698672

3067992 2281991 -786001

3169689 2371432 -798257

3172187 2417554 -754633

3278485 2491049 -787436

3126961 2294345 -832616

OECD OCDE

IMP EXP BAL

4910588 4535677 -374911

9648414 8782950 -865463

10826394 9793207 -1033187

8135497 7636646 -498851

9594770 8955040 -639730

11277483 10419490 -857993

11053915 10222810 -831105

11089800 10370090 -719710

11244373 10532016 -712357

9955832 9349611 -606221

OPEC OPEP

IMP EXP BAL

181037 363696 182659

571811 1016513 444702

743320 1422020 678699

633533 971261 337727

728480 1245995 517515

876962 1669255 792293

934139 1752295 818156

992270 1746823 754553

1022908 1644782 621874

993104 1304234 311130

EU28 UE28

IMP EXP BAL

2441663 2394652 -47011

5460802 5254542 -206260

6127549 5831883 -295666

4604194 4519538 -84656

5192789 5064357 -128432

6071644 5930614 -141030

5706031 5682138 -23893

5797465 5873232 75766

5881886 5987873 105987

5092177 5231036 138859

16

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Total merchandise trade by regions and countries or areas (Table A) Imports CIF, exports FOB and balance: million U.S. dollars

Commerce total de marchandises par régions et pays ou zones (Tableau A) Importations CIF, exportations FOB, et balance : en millions de dollars E.-U.

Country or Area - Pays ou Zone Extra-EU2819,20 19,20 Extra-UE28

IMP G/ EXP S BAL

2000

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

IMP EXP BAL

913310 781270 -132040

1985545 1694259 -291287

2336609 1928718 -407891

1721874 1527320 -194554

2029009 1791433 -237576

2405295 2161865 -243430

2311903 2162563 -149340

2234492 2305992 71500

2233120 2259963 26843

1914903 1985139 70235

IMP EXP BAL

4989238 4743381 -245856

10563522 10237022 -326500

12438185 12102472 -335713

9607857 9416720 -191137

11993737 11833289 -160448

14417653 14262538 -155115

14734756 14561213 -173543

14859364 14899113 39749

14944595 14921049 -23546

13259870 13254400 -5470

IMP

77

75

77

77

79

80

81

81

80

81

EXP

75

74

76

76

78

79

81

81

80

80

Memorandum Items World excluding intra-EU28 trade Monde excl. le intra-UE28 com. World excluding intra-EU28 trade as percent of World Monde excl. le intra-UE28 com.comme pour cent du Monde

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

17

Total merchandise trade by regions and countries or areas (Table A) Imports CIF, exports FOB and balance: million U.S. dollars

Commerce total de marchandises par régions et pays ou zones (Tableau A) Importations CIF, exportations FOB, et balance: en millions de dollars E.-U. General notes:

Remarque générale:

For further information on Sources, Method of Estimation, Currency Conversion, Period, Country Nomenclature and Country Grouping of this table, as well as for a brief table description, please see the Introduction.

Pour plus d'information en ce qui concerne les sources, la méthode d'estimation, taux d’exchange, période, nomenclature des pays et groupement de pays, ainsi que pour une brève description de ce tableau, veuillez voir l'introduction.

1

This classification is intended for statistical convenience and does not, necessarily, express a judgement about the stage reached by a particular country in the development process.

1

2

Developed Economies of America, Europe, and the Asia-Pacific region. Imports FOB. Including the trade of the U.S. Virgin Islands and Puerto Rico but excluding shipments of merchandise between the United States and its other possessions (Guam and American Samoa). Data include imports and exports of non-monetary gold.

2

Beginning 2006, data for Serbia and Montenegro is reported separately. Prior to 2008, special trade. Imports exclude petroleum imported without stated value. Exports cover domestic exports.

5

8 9 10

Year ending 31 March of the following year. Exports include gold. Trade statistics exclude certain oil and chemical products.

8 9 10

11

Export and import values exclude trade in the processing zone.

11

12

The Netherlands Antilles was dissolved on October 10, 2010. Beginning 2011, data are reported separately for Curaçao, Sint Maarten (Dutch part), Bonaire, Saint Eustatius and Saba.

12

13

Trade data include maquiladoras and exclude goods from customs-bonded warehouses. Total exports include revaluation and exports of silver.

13

14

Excluding military goods, fissionable materials, bunkers, ships, and aircraft. Data include oil and gas.The value of oil exports and total exports are rough estimates based on information published in various petroleum industry journals.

14

16 17

Year ending 20 March of the year stated. Imports and exports net of returned goods. The figures also exclude Judea and Samaria and the Gaza area.

16 17

18 19 20

Year ending 30 September of the years stated. Excluding intra-EU trade. In the year 2000, the trade values refer to EU-27.

18 19 20

3 4

5 6 7

15

18

3 4

6 7

15

Cette classification est utilisée pour plus de commodité dans la présentation des statistiques et n'implique pas nécessairement un jugement quant au stade de développement auquel est parvenu un pays donné. Économies développées de l'Amérique, de l'Europe, et de la région Asie-Pacifique. Importations FOB. Y compris le commerce des Iles Vierges américaines et de Porto Rico mais non compris les échanges de marchandise, entre les Etats-Unis et leurs autres possessions (Guam et Samoa américaines). Les données comprennent les importations et exportations d'or non-monétaire. Depuis début 2006, les données relatives à la Serbie et au Monténégro sont déclarées séparément. Avant 2008, commerce special. Non compris le pétrole brute dont la valeur des importations ne sont pas stipulée. Les exportations sont les exportations d'intérieur. Année finissant le 31 mars de l'année suivante. Les exportations comprennent l'or. Les statistiques commerciales font exclusion de certains produits pétroliers et chimiques. Les valeurs à l'exportation et à l'importation excluent le commerce de la zone de transformation. Les Antilles néerlandaises ont été dissoutes le 10 Octobre 2010. A partir de 2011, les données sont présentées séparément pour Curaçao, Saint-Martin (partie néerlandaise), Bonaire, SaintEustache et Saba. Les statistiques du commerce extérieur comprennent maquiladoras et ne comprennent pas les marchandises provenant des entrepôts en douane. Les exportations comprennent la réévaluation et les données sur les exportations d'argent. À l'exclusion des marchandises militaires, des matières fissibles, des soutes, des bateaux, et de l'avion. Les données comprennent le pétrole et le gaz. La valeur des exportations de pétrole et des exportations totales sont des évaluations grossières basées sur l'information publiée à divers journaux d'industrie de pétrole. Année finissant le 20 mars de l'année indiquée. Importations et exportations nets, ne comprennant pas les marchandises retournées. Sont également exclues les données de la Judée et de Samaria et ainsi que la zone de Gaza. Année finissant le 30 septembre de l'année indiquée. Non compris le commerce d'intra-UE. En l'année 2000, les valeurs du commerce se réfèrent à extraUE27.

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

World merchandise exports by provenance and destination (Table D) In million U.S. dollars f.o.b. Developed economies 2/ Économies développées 2/

Exports to

Asia-Pacific Asie-Pacifique

Exports from

Year

World 1/ Monde 1/

Total

Total

North America Amérique du Nord

Europe

Japan Japon

Total

Commonwealth of Independent States Communauté d'Etats Indépendants

Germany Allemagne

Total

U.S.A. É.-U.

Total

Europe

Total trade (SITC, Rev. 3, 0-9) 2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

6352822 18307815 18822606 18829254 16696668

4381437 9717732 9849618 9947300 8751166

405282 970262 942773 931739 787480

329102 710752 693241 681796 559494

2562449 6103167 6244528 6267689 5400218

476021 1092825 1124131 1146876 992806

1413706 2644303 2662317 2747872 2563468

1162427 2113036 2121129 2215907 2098688

77194 563806 574091 509708 340281

65057 457030 457061 397023 255548

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

556339 1092168 1006696 972298 846984

283778 364316 328635 321560 291496

30765 88355 80526 76593 58940

14422 52281 47092 45578 31890

93424 108421 91811 90725 82723

21063 23072 21049 20833 17833

159589 167539 156298 154242 149833

150831 155029 146034 144629 140386

1004 15874 14226 12123 6817

824 14309 12588 10415 5947

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

479276 798620 715097 690217 625025

243818 259334 238107 230734 218324

9835 20385 19161 16545 14966

. . . . .

83786 86581 75694 75397 69154

19997 20796 18959 19055 16237

150197 152368 143252 138792 134204

142480 142085 134540 130773 126393

793 14587 13036 11161 6106

624 13203 11583 9622 5342

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

2526900 6075609 6414413 6380891 5659352

2122788 4529563 4722857 4771279 4210289

63492 131635 130825 127111 115700

46070 80280 79674 78899 71766

1802309 3935540 4119430 4146086 3594291

345340 784496 819665 834936 707790

256988 462389 472603 498083 500297

232390 415736 423588 450355 454402

31182 224075 230801 195398 127899

28101 203627 207727 173666 110589

France

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

295345 558461 567988 566656 573056

239365 398133 406238 408722 382928

6445 13801 13292 13132 12768

4983 9507 9026 9056 8592

204528 346411 353231 355259 317332

44461 92317 93525 93804 79574

28392 37922 39714 40331 52829

25937 34123 35765 36382 47959

2392 14719 13666 12084 10488

1952 13361 11799 10293 8637

Germany

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

549607 1410130 1450951 1498158 1331194

458641 1015963 1045764 1090773 985479

15684 35612 35759 34610 29594

12137 22237 22873 22778 19004

382583 856484 879257 916753 817511

. . . . .

60374 123866 130748 139409 138375

56393 112269 118864 127771 126751

8923 67004 65874 53090 33749

8069 61471 59901 47763 30015

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

1058097 1999759 2035018 2094325 1911947

699432 1091379 1088477 1129693 1026638

86744 117024 106858 109247 100589

71383 80323 75539 76532 70098

194041 342718 334120 343606 332957

31365 51773 50053 51716 52324

418647 631637 647500 676840 593092

241762 338266 346045 363524 312166

3505 17395 18050 17041 10454

2716 14578 14770 13409 8650

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

780332 1544932 1577587 1619743 1503870

436300 697842 693458 715439 672423

79685 104242 94545 97575 91125

65252 69972 65214 66826 62470

179776 300394 297671 304833 300697

29242 48372 46863 49028 49617

176839 293206 301242 313031 280601

. . . . .

3325 15329 16210 15533 9661

2563 12771 13210 12121 8022

South-Eastern Europe

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

19514 107446 122815 126593 111621

13492 69938 80861 84885 76527

50 405 451 449 452

37 314 359 334 329

12585 67472 78056 82039 73983

2634 16854 20172 21296 19718

857 2062 2353 2397 2091

764 1761 2072 2107 1921

813 6667 8107 7467 4698

674 5617 7070 6446 4004

Commonwealth of Independent States

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

143026 780388 764752 720731 500361

80581 417115 418064 394382 227270

2953 21839 25794 27805 15599

2937 21532 25281 27180 15043

70362 374885 375029 352840 200547

11064 30611 28440 31254 19797

7266 20391 17240 13737 11125

5777 16618 13858 11942 9901

28980 158395 150028 124807 78446

24076 118377 106557 86045 50238

2000 103093 2012 524766 2013 527266 2014 497834 2015 343908 For general note and footnotes see end of table

65496 311421 319303 298000 160929

2771 19915 24351 26678 14932

2764 19799 23948 26128 14426

57875 278139 283303 261106 137152

9232 24039 22962 25071 15906

4850 13368 11649 10216 8845

4648 13022 11177 9611 8393

13824 85499 82694 66100 38258

10807 60058 53358 41063 19900

World 1/

Developed Economies Asia-Pacific 2/

Japan

Developed Economies Europe 2/

Developed Economies North America 2/

United States

Russian Federation 4/

20

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Les exportations de marchandises du monde par provenance et destination (Tableau D) En millions de dollars E.-U. f.o.b. Exportations vers

SouthEastern Europe Europe du Sud-Est

Northern Africa Afrique septentrionale

Sub-Saharan

Africa Afrique subsaharienne

Latin America and the Caribbean Amérique latine et Caraïbes

Eastern Asia Asie orientale

Southern South-eastern Western Asia Asia Asia Asie Asie du Asie méridionale Sud-Est occidentale

Oceania Océanie

Other 3/ Autres 3/

Exportations en provence de

Année

Commerce total (CTCI, Rev. 3, 0-9) 27386 140365 144013 153324 132484

53310 221803 227083 229171 194940

74884 400714 421367 429268 376257

362944 1142902 1124806 1108684 992916

708919 3269769 3495583 3378686 2894385

81835 577752 554667 582183 508917

355905 1190532 1248869 1264767 1139888

188600 857406 931679 969889 883598

6997 31506 32323 33063 32104

33413 193531 218507 223211 449732

153 631 546 670 556

1694 4358 3659 3881 3147

4909 13622 12465 11124 9149

22054 45255 37490 34842 30330

140231 408941 401064 375972 315890

6988 30358 23127 22751 22930

78409 159487 138235 135524 117875

13637 38983 37565 40364 36450

2260 7788 6139 6013 5606

1223 2555 3545 7474 6737

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

108 470 411 465 431

1196 3013 2418 2319 1935

3721 9884 8968 8097 6605

20779 41088 34412 31727 27241

124536 293380 265544 256625 225936

4751 14536 11749 12158 12720

68494 129394 110974 104638 95026

10619 30310 27839 30346 28316

460 2624 1638 1948 2382

0 ... ... 0 0

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

19337 90436 97751 104269 92117

29952 92242 98558 99114 86162

31466 105313 111042 107618 95002

57254 164873 166286 157331 148771

78361 335238 402563 396954 359687

22286 101674 93518 88497 83449

40575 122321 135297 122386 109503

83737 265747 305329 291177 277812

1259 3367 3788 4215 4007

8704 40762 46622 42654 64655

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

1282 5392 5975 6199 5361

9180 20927 20739 20113 21966

7741 15593 16237 16373 19714

7237 16084 17563 15468 22837

9366 34443 33997 36237 36152

2416 6210 5160 5427 7166

4752 18081 19032 17704 16678

10136 25935 26597 25903 35179

822 1617 2077 1779 2305

658 1325 706 646 12282

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

France

4185 19396 20644 23412 21872

4001 10722 11179 12171 10657

5607 17808 18360 18116 16451

13858 42462 43204 41175 36982

21330 118655 124265 137348 114537

4087 19161 17064 17483 15765

9799 29397 29456 29891 25661

17506 63942 69800 69086 66332

132 452 361 916 796

1537 5168 4982 4697 2913

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Allemagne

562 1687 1638 1893 1476

5659 11728 12736 13903 10176

6351 24840 26408 28331 20186

174585 411302 421401 435408 399303

88893 242708 261421 262999 246588

5619 29856 30042 29873 30520

48919 80395 84248 83922 80091

23871 87133 89619 90438 85673

393 1149 769 802 812

307 187 207 22 29

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

509 1333 1400 1637 1290

5028 10196 11243 12555 9011

5928 22523 23993 25497 17844

170376 397316 408200 422568 387749

83248 215595 231836 236263 223363

4635 26210 26259 25630 25544

47368 75394 78930 78554 75041

22928 81963 85191 85345 81257

378 1055 689 721 687

307 175 180 0 ...

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

2212 13023 13256 13475 12067

358 2270 3103 3392 2899

156 1207 1182 1076 839

160 839 1319 1126 825

218 2451 2795 2489 2281

139 890 866 896 823

76 391 921 1244 817

1700 9255 10081 10075 8439

1 87 46 15 308

188 425 277 454 1096

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Europe du Sud-Est

2633 17616 12896 12834 8122

1375 12960 9967 11303 8787

555 3235 3301 3427 2897

5983 9923 10258 8412 6195

9128 83752 86356 87143 64361

2991 19501 16431 13864 11535

1714 11817 15427 16396 8126

9063 44591 40918 47074 30529

4 100 19 17 37

19 1385 1089 1074 54056

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Communauté d'Etats Indépendants

1822 11230 7804 7082 4084

746 8053 5559 6464 5450

344 1611 1664 2019 1904

4307 6987 8216 6690 4904

6980 57350 60125 63718 46130

1896 11039 9571 6644 6399

1120 7306 8491 11864 5352

6556 23997 23771 29200 17365

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2000 Monde 1/ 2012 2013 2014 2015 Économies développées Asie-Pacifique 2/

Japon

Économies développées Europe 2/

Économies développées Amérique du Nord 2/

États-Unis

2 0 2000 Fédération de Russie 4/ 90 184 2012 16 50 2013 13 39 2014 34 53097 2015 Voir la fin du tableau pour la remarque générale et les notes.

21

World merchandise exports by provenance and destination (Table D) In million U.S. dollars f.o.b. Developed economies 2/ Économies développées 2/

Exports to

Asia-Pacific Asie-Pacifique

Exports from

Year

World 1/ Monde 1/

Total

Total

North America Amérique du Nord

Europe

Japan Japon

Total

Germany Allemagne

Total

U.S.A. É.-U.

Commonwealth of Independent States Communauté d'Etats Indépendants

Total

Europe

Total trade (SITC, Rev. 3, 0-9) [cont.] Northern Africa

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

50201 198662 177790 151606 104246

41077 142341 127695 105213 68833

490 3734 3196 2122 1277

424 2402 2258 1953 1110

35543 116691 110187 93377 60769

3933 10010 9182 5481 3794

5043 21916 14311 9714 6788

4216 16590 10543 7456 5245

101 816 847 794 724

81 659 697 745 670

Sub-Saharan Africa

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

94707 458786 410516 411472 355428

59346 206535 173550 165378 146536

2659 18486 17212 17184 13716

2086 12876 12172 12464 9566

34051 130074 119248 120373 111098

3102 9189 8887 8400 8464

22637 57975 37090 27821 21722

21663 51569 32346 24634 19479

238 1066 1187 1072 949

190 881 1034 937 800

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

26298 98872 95112 90612 69631

15863 35544 33845 34364 26128

1874 6718 6525 5826 4313

1362 5734 5611 4869 3644

10979 20476 20064 21276 16145

1902 4067 3841 4234 4237

3011 8350 7256 7263 5670

2790 7833 6888 6550 5248

79 508 526 499 391

33 460 460 461 350

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

353079 1097380 1095015 1077103 953056

266101 623871 627442 632517 574786

8563 29013 27406 25205 20312

7720 24846 23527 21178 16876

43769 143499 135852 129136 112599

6931 19646 17513 17162 14531

213769 451359 464185 478177 441875

207456 407217 410447 426299 393988

1330 8947 9253 9946 7137

1280 8264 8307 9044 6442

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

55119 242580 242178 225098 191127

33697 93136 88583 83960 68402

2853 8555 8496 7230 5309

2481 7990 7973 6741 4845

16230 52776 50893 45003 36512

2520 7503 6822 6937 5172

14614 31806 29194 31728 26580

14048 28723 26487 29375 24216

522 4283 4119 4538 2831

487 3851 3504 4106 2563

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

776206 3396494 3613890 3761025 3594184

410964 1280549 1296680 1374589 1337458

101774 290196 283874 283683 265010

90096 227960 221402 218679 200013

125359 462088 464466 501588 478181

27229 92423 90393 95806 91030

183831 528266 548340 589318 594268

173168 487973 506633 546795 553052

4995 96059 104292 104595 74490

3848 69061 74913 74652 51874

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

249203 2048782 2209007 2342343 2281856

142806 911389 931031 992282 979974

45499 193226 191818 193296 181198

41654 151627 150133 149410 135897

41976 337391 340740 371686 358170

9278 69213 67343 72703 69217

55331 380772 398473 427300 440607

52156 352438 369064 397105 410805

3183 75653 83517 85740 58058

2411 52425 58425 60007 39174

Southern Asia

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

91623 446154 482859 465586 432165

55028 155486 170887 152569 154481

8441 11481 12304 18594 18198

7705 7792 8722 14897 13503

29131 91789 99497 78250 79813

3854 12846 14360 13024 14306

17456 52216 59085 55724 56469

16377 48741 55233 52451 52819

1848 5731 5986 6109 5624

1204 3804 4081 4258 3671

South-Eastern Asia

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

426829 1254006 1272620 1294771 1162634

219020 430613 427990 442907 409985

69565 179815 173883 172315 148560

58132 128377 123499 120418 105529

65516 134565 130777 138716 131817

12052 24483 25874 26760 26420

83939 116233 123330 131876 129608

80928 109321 115707 124089 122350

606 7014 7683 7460 6508

556 6369 6827 6372 5428

Western Asia

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

251304 1391554 1415502 1358534 1051788

126781 401106 380688 364342 220412

27996 75228 76781 66295 24158

27198 70900 72742 62257 21133

55353 193900 184290 188580 140270

7270 17100 18121 19579 16528

43432 131979 119617 109468 55983

26846 63886 58265 61156 32668

2577 21759 23622 22881 16529

1496 11479 12482 11022 7228

2000 4996 2012 9411 2013 10720 2014 14319 2015 12902 For general note and footnotes see end of table

3047 4919 5793 7986 6456

1789 3052 3663 5138 4969

892 869 973 1426 2638

1006 1525 1766 2373 1170

185 322 424 629 272

252 342 364 475 317

249 329 359 466 309

14 8 10 15 5

10 6 8 12 5

South Africa

Latin America and the Caribbean

Brazil

Eastern Asia

China

Oceania

22

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Les exportations de marchandises du monde par provenance et destination (Tableau D) En millions de dollars E.-U. f.o.b. Exportations vers

SouthEastern Europe Europe du Sud-Est

Northern Africa Afrique septentrionale

Sub-Saharan

Africa Afrique subsaharienne

Latin America and the Caribbean Amérique latine et Caraïbes

Eastern Asia Asie orientale

Southern South-eastern Western Asia Asia Asia Asie Asie du Asie méridionale Sud-Est occidentale

Oceania Océanie

Other 3/ Autres 3/

Exportations en provence de

Année

Commerce total (CTCI, Rev. 3, 0-9) [suite] 92 435 651 680 615

1179 8031 8832 8173 5582

336 4079 3911 3951 3816

2058 6315 5323 4943 3380

315 11981 7422 5774 4052

793 6613 5571 4355 2894

277 2701 2091 2241 1642

3122 13164 13503 13559 11153

1 4 3 4 3

849 2182 1942 1918 1552

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Afrique septentrionale

66 655 482 529 560

417 2871 1372 1271 2844

12384 83000 84060 80947 72039

2549 20550 13834 14873 13313

9498 79527 75283 73362 47650

5265 35656 29020 33371 31298

1960 11022 11637 15531 13186

2134 14391 17015 20897 18432

40 544 731 536 628

809 2968 2347 3705 7994

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Afrique subsaharienne

30 93 84 68 38

91 558 535 401 591

4123 27071 26829 27209 21149

576 2052 1700 1370 1046

2662 17451 18905 14383 8740

531 7118 4981 4898 3670

739 3997 3548 2792 1840

1013 3552 3628 4024 2439

6 58 32 48 44

587 871 500 556 3553

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Afrique du sud

324 2058 2155 1971 1652

1359 10110 9871 9806 7762

1674 12088 9747 9022 7698

61584 232867 217428 200699 162354

8835 139263 151669 141693 121571

2276 19524 19136 20546 16902

2799 26901 24353 26290 20206

2808 20217 19976 19756 17188

17 52 41 45 60

3972 1483 3944 4812 15740

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Amérique latine et Caraïbes

129 817 766 637 470

506 5553 5020 4830 3995

888 7041 6488 5329 4204

13886 51001 54642 47148 39145

2603 50333 56920 49457 42417

621 8797 6079 7443 6866

926 10573 9216 11455 10710

1338 11019 10318 10282 9636

4 25 19 17 26

... 4 9 0 2427

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

688 6060 6244 7369 6919

3066 27012 27541 31412 32244

8359 78186 86818 96253 97133

25181 183955 182688 184599 177757

220125 1082672 1198807 1177417 1094988

13063 121929 127288 151601 149628

68296 371270 419757 451805 447047

18700 136350 147808 164704 159194

1258 8710 11886 12898 14509

1511 3741 4081 3785 2815

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

356 4890 4937 5722 5360

1410 20558 21765 24223 25608

3602 64612 70897 81627 82910

7125 134484 133232 135094 131495

62121 456791 525547 519029 489955

4510 82048 89284 110175 112164

17341 204337 244087 272116 279021

6683 90746 101780 113647 111964

65 3275 2929 2688 5281

2 ... ... ... 65

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

48 622 737 1017 810

2664 8332 8250 5519 4345

2171 24594 31310 31794 23733

1903 16396 16979 16707 12403

13210 88398 85281 81755 78992

3396 27008 32282 47671 43797

3785 36395 41302 33387 28710

7528 75076 77613 86239 76752

32 165 164 146 241

8 7952 12067 2674 2277

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Asie méridionale

156 760 809 901 887

1009 5884 6004 6123 5239

4130 25124 25629 26423 22205

6783 36007 36946 35085 29887

75960 314313 324905 330947 299038

11331 60992 61160 62479 55267

97875 325303 330360 328529 285720

8579 38302 41987 44214 39782

996 7720 7345 7362 5043

386 1974 1802 2341 3071

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Asie du Sud-est

1113 6381 6846 7715 6702

4579 36002 37188 35275 25750

2355 25358 25404 29214 21501

2574 14479 14690 14416 8377

63644 479267 496616 440058 255983

7672 123511 115916 105848 59676

10937 41828 44399 46311 26154

13718 114192 130256 141372 122181

654 1413 977 510 503

14700 126258 138900 150593 288022

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Asie occidentale

2 1 1 2 0

0 3 2 2 1

37 69 90 88 59

277 142 164 246 21

502 1257 1401 2123 3304

15 239 310 430 199

286 701 843 1200 811

2 6 9 20 14

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Brésil

Asie orientale

Chine

80 736 2000 Océanie 405 1660 2012 413 1684 2013 501 1707 2014 346 1687 2015 Voir la fin du tableau pour la remarque générale et les notes.

23

World merchandise exports by provenance and destination (Table D) In million U.S. dollars f.o.b. Developed economies 2/ Économies développées 2/

Exports to

Asia-Pacific Asie-Pacifique

Exports from

Year

World 1/ Monde 1/

Total

Total

North America Amérique du Nord

Europe

Japan Japon

Total

Commonwealth of Independent States Communauté d'Etats Indépendants

Germany Allemagne

U.S.A. É.-U.

Total

Total

Europe

Food, beverages and tobacco (SITC, Rev. 3, 0 and 1) World 1/

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

386930 1179838 1259959 1299261 1173487

271500 681886 726138 746891 674175

40652 75117 73236 74329 66353

36978 60268 57145 56800 50632

175516 472505 511790 520728 458296

32547 80540 86994 89239 77708

55332 134265 141112 151833 149526

43857 101356 106939 116274 115313

9839 54877 59091 54346 37661

8637 44549 47631 42345 28295

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

19827 52653 54669 58666 53232

9707 18479 17947 20123 18936

4295 8972 8455 8439 7286

3298 5281 4667 4580 3958

2445 3981 4121 4315 4012

277 473 505 458 436

2967 5526 5371 7369 7638

2615 4821 4695 6572 6794

52 697 744 552 254

44 558 613 413 173

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

2088 4432 4447 4530 4934

612 1035 1025 1097 1146

72 106 104 106 116

. . . . .

107 186 199 218 244

14 35 42 32 37

432 744 722 773 786

395 695 671 715 728

9 31 37 45 30

9 31 36 41 26

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

178437 491511 537335 545670 476520

151894 398498 435478 441530 386131

5172 10286 10766 11563 9967

4319 6965 7116 7664 6396

136289 365640 400623 404615 351204

26443 65056 71667 71871 62007

10433 22572 24090 25352 24961

8969 18754 20069 21295 21204

3784 19192 21056 16855 9566

3519 17954 19673 15311 8378

France

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

31410 66853 71698 69131 61725

26548 50771 54041 52259 45587

981 1752 1798 1813 1629

902 1423 1404 1403 1228

23387 44928 47933 46031 39417

4572 7288 7682 7417 6309

2180 4091 4310 4415 4542

1853 3318 3498 3668 3859

351 1056 1128 926 515

335 971 1031 813 431

Germany

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

21712 74353 80143 81732 68766

18446 62122 67110 68275 56482

290 946 903 1122 816

250 555 515 699 434

17384 58947 63885 64839 53651

. . . . .

772 2229 2323 2314 2015

696 1882 1955 1967 1718

643 3119 2915 2226 1470

595 2815 2630 1949 1250

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

63461 142075 151832 160276 147627

38882 71830 75222 79744 74866

13374 17539 16218 17281 14917

12837 15493 14122 14985 12815

6728 11106 12885 14196 13231

914 1430 1715 1837 1705

18779 43185 46120 48267 46718

10626 20389 22061 23483 22812

987 2898 2237 1582 504

887 2517 1888 1305 323

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

47084 106959 114236 119839 109146

25762 46582 48372 50588 47301

11994 14966 13812 14848 12870

11534 13184 11962 12800 11005

5619 8925 10651 11169 10798

835 1296 1590 1683 1575

8149 22691 23909 24571 23633

. . . . .

955 2149 1697 1096 425

858 1816 1410 862 270

South-Eastern Europe

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

1232 10843 12941 13237 11938

651 5568 6190 6362 5812

17 89 69 71 112

12 66 44 40 76

588 5343 5944 6117 5510

125 595 639 661 565

45 136 177 174 189

39 113 147 143 160

75 470 575 779 579

57 443 532 718 539

Commonwealth of Independent States

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

3263 36896 37067 39784 31204

709 5696 5642 6259 4874

150 501 575 349 350

145 486 547 324 344

524 5064 4928 5762 4388

90 360 447 543 403

35 131 139 149 136

32 113 120 131 119

2117 15933 17976 17209 13043

1721 9494 10799 9623 7170

1016 14132 13709 16338 13891

394 1872 1774 2265 1899

140 268 224 251 291

137 265 218 246 287

231 1550 1485 1957 1557

34 141 138 167 98

23 54 65 57 51

21 45 52 49 42

379 4053 4732 4983 4026

91 1353 1656 1593 1258

Developed Economies Asia-Pacific 2/

Japan

Developed Economies Europe 2/

Developed Economies North America 2/

United States

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015 For general note and footnotes see end of table Russian Federation 4/

24

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Les exportations de marchandises du monde par provenance et destination (Tableau D) En millions de dollars E.-U. f.o.b. Exportations vers

SouthEastern Europe Europe du Sud-Est

Northern Africa Afrique septentrionale

Sub-Saharan

Africa Afrique subsaharienne

Latin America and the Caribbean Amérique latine et Caraïbes

Eastern Asia Asie orientale

Southern South-eastern Western Asia Asia Asia Asie Asie du Asie méridionale Sud-Est occidentale

Oceania Océanie

Other 3/ Autres 3/

Exportations en provence de

Année

Produits alimentaires, boisson et tabac (CTCI, Rev. 3, 0 et 1) 2494 13187 13988 14493 13259

7285 29798 29148 31781 25637

8336 46694 49114 48163 41658

22176 73876 74883 76849 67924

23739 97292 108664 116173 112920

5234 26505 28421 30102 28939

16062 75830 83508 90015 85729

17736 73076 79642 83749 77584

783 2611 2571 2637 2292

1746 4206 4790 4064 5707

2000 Monde 1/ 2012 2013 2014 2015

5 7 6 6 6

396 1158 990 1357 1086

398 1253 1504 1311 956

490 1111 1080 882 928

3385 12433 14981 16191 14643

864 2083 1551 1645 1908

3024 9444 9379 10552 9049

963 4160 4513 4810 3400

445 1210 1170 1135 838

98 619 804 100 1228

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

0 0 0 1 1

0 7 31 27 35

18 56 45 44 52

23 23 24 16 15

1135 2360 2338 2367 2696

6 20 14 15 13

205 787 825 797 817

26 72 76 88 98

56 41 33 33 29

0 ... ... ... ...

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

1688 8216 9182 9468 8604

2963 8054 8850 10197 8385

3064 11034 12142 12396 10499

3113 6553 7034 7352 6748

2851 13391 14822 17708 17544

484 2181 1923 2588 1854

2053 7011 7786 8202 7510

5467 16310 17775 18113 18020

136 368 390 409 349

941 704 897 851 1309

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

79 391 389 394 324

984 3122 3537 3699 2773

883 2648 2921 2764 2361

429 774 896 749 746

542 3311 3458 3425 3996

106 209 156 167 287

406 1880 2038 2086 2046

968 2374 2794 2309 2222

112 279 296 312 261

2 38 43 39 606

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

France

193 1272 1455 1554 1350

367 652 737 848 892

112 739 942 888 1067

203 388 463 531 523

255 1662 1770 2239 2276

126 611 477 939 452

188 725 801 917 747

974 2927 3280 3108 3331

1 3 4 4 4

204 133 189 204 173

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Allemagne

73 162 166 136 117

1936 2370 2733 2664 1898

802 3061 3201 2998 2294

9306 27646 29848 32520 28946

5481 19580 21841 22726 22023

818 2225 2618 2896 3540

2248 7121 8187 8822 7878

2777 5020 5598 5994 5347

78 161 166 178 192

74 1 17 16 22

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

71 144 133 116 99

1499 1590 1982 1882 1153

658 2455 2438 2158 1626

8266 25220 27075 29562 26417

4943 17334 19384 20347 19436

268 1083 1215 1282 1512

1952 6189 7052 7818 6654

2558 4065 4725 4826 4344

77 149 155 164 178

74 ... 7 ... ...

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

284 2874 2662 2811 2545

44 455 1176 1137 760

6 58 66 123 115

3 18 16 22 23

4 129 360 228 211

34 115 109 70 166

5 34 100 137 117

114 1100 1671 1544 1588

1 0 0 0 0

13 23 16 24 21

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Europe du Sud-Est

27 217 209 233 210

17 4241 2456 3219 2395

15 695 1018 1398 1068

7 142 234 238 112

160 2646 3001 3369 3207

30 1592 1466 1945 1558

2 115 422 377 297

163 5521 4551 5424 4351

... 0 0 3 2

14 97 93 112 88

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Communauté d'Etats Indépendants

6 127 105 110 96

6 1920 877 1401 1106

0 327 621 1060 830

1 105 197 195 83

155 2212 2514 2415 2475

7 631 472 677 739

1 26 141 94 84

67 2840 2262 3127 2545

... 0 2000 Fédération de Russie 4/ 0 18 2012 0 14 2013 0 11 2014 0 8 2015 Voir la fin du tableau pour la remarque générale et les notes.

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Économies développées Asie-Pacifique 2/

Japon

Économies développées Europe 2/

Économies développées Amérique du Nord 2/

États-Unis

25

World merchandise exports by provenance and destination (Table D) In million U.S. dollars f.o.b. Developed economies 2/ Économies développées 2/

Exports to

Asia-Pacific Asie-Pacifique

Exports from

Year

World 1/ Monde 1/

Total

Total

North America Amérique du Nord

Europe

Japan Japon

Total

Germany Allemagne

Total

U.S.A. É.-U.

Commonwealth of Independent States Communauté d'Etats Indépendants

Total

Europe

Food, beverages and tobacco (SITC, Rev. 3, 0 and 1) [cont.] Northern Africa

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

2277 8542 9723 9892 9476

1661 3821 4258 4374 4161

281 158 174 188 179

279 149 162 178 169

1299 3437 3813 3936 3724

71 254 214 272 253

81 225 271 250 258

58 174 209 199 205

63 487 584 570 529

63 476 574 559 520

Sub-Saharan Africa

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

10612 40243 37820 39374 37171

6482 18103 16504 16568 15552

527 951 992 849 663

454 780 785 676 500

5341 14278 13808 13656 12899

620 1303 1193 1294 1279

613 2875 1704 2063 1989

538 2604 1423 1759 1702

113 501 517 518 499

112 421 449 445 423

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

2168 8293 9003 9172 7718

1261 2701 3247 3082 2720

176 274 482 314 172

144 169 349 208 85

923 2086 2412 2392 2213

69 216 248 232 251

161 341 353 376 334

110 214 216 236 201

8 182 209 190 189

7 176 205 184 178

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

46823 169745 175180 175767 161553

31100 82071 84998 86824 82848

2604 7734 8008 7041 6463

2313 6786 7008 5844 5331

13571 37108 37206 37521 33823

2246 5874 5177 6175 5242

14925 37229 39784 42261 42562

14245 34642 37440 39714 40140

1095 6919 6871 7525 5243

1082 6519 6350 6976 4825

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

10142 57354 57396 53971 48285

6609 21630 21110 19611 17454

710 2886 2822 2265 2137

514 2748 2693 2121 1990

4599 14964 14609 13724 11702

667 2486 2106 2701 2171

1300 3780 3679 3622 3614

1179 3044 3036 3019 3102

471 3537 3402 3789 2278

460 3246 3038 3436 2049

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

21064 71870 75457 80817 80396

11180 29943 29137 29810 28464

7893 15052 13895 13923 12905

7699 13750 12564 12494 11558

1446 6329 6743 7009 6864

308 1468 1458 1551 1523

1841 8562 8499 8878 8695

1605 7454 7441 7742 7643

297 2786 2977 3160 2544

254 2298 2435 2571 1990

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

13027 54667 58335 61797 61527

7217 25005 24830 25090 24050

4960 11801 11208 11097 10268

4877 10847 10172 10030 9259

1214 5938 6351 6562 6443

296 1416 1423 1504 1481

1044 7267 7272 7431 7339

910 6357 6393 6515 6481

189 2449 2657 2828 2260

162 2011 2171 2287 1752

Southern Asia

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

8344 39148 46695 44579 40337

3486 8189 9715 10089 9806

828 1247 1311 1125 1084

754 950 1000 784 760

1715 4694 5446 5674 5390

288 542 615 732 746

944 2247 2958 3289 3332

857 1983 2619 2910 2954

581 1592 1661 1690 1667

432 1099 1131 1258 1278

South-Eastern Asia

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

23691 82778 83728 91088 87070

12540 31577 32467 35352 33424

5244 11919 12114 12683 11787

4705 9200 8791 8800 8396

3056 9351 9654 10487 10108

465 1701 1721 1957 1843

4240 10307 10699 12181 11529

3874 9248 9608 10962 10351

168 1120 1182 1169 1037

159 989 1058 1050 947

Western Asia

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

7421 32149 36098 38162 35897

2826 7250 7681 8601 8704

153 410 418 488 476

106 228 227 263 244

2317 5787 6185 6821 6893

625 1315 1423 1560 1628

356 1052 1077 1291 1335

327 854 889 1060 1052

508 2275 2701 2721 2192

307 1777 2122 2103 1725

478 1388 1412 1950 1068

383 862 898 1256 597

114 258 241 328 164

58 135 111 167 84

197 386 434 618 249

76 169 222 329 81

73 217 222 310 184

72 206 219 304 179

0 7 10 14 5

0 6 8 11 5

South Africa

Latin America and the Caribbean

Brazil

Eastern Asia

China

Oceania

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015 For general note and footnotes see end of table

26

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Les exportations de marchandises du monde par provenance et destination (Tableau D) En millions de dollars E.-U. f.o.b. Exportations vers

SouthEastern Europe Europe du Sud-Est

Northern Africa Afrique septentrionale

Sub-Saharan

Africa Afrique subsaharienne

Latin America and the Caribbean Amérique latine et Caraïbes

Eastern Asia Asie orientale

Southern South-eastern Western Asia Asia Asia Asie Asie du Asie méridionale Sud-Est occidentale

Oceania Océanie

Other 3/ Autres 3/

Exportations en provence de

Année

Produits alimentaires, boisson et tabac (CTCI, Rev. 3, 0 et 1) [suite] 10 36 50 58 47

169 892 1014 1072 763

84 904 1048 1014 1036

5 56 56 43 45

11 51 77 89 89

2 94 82 109 80

10 106 116 128 111

238 2008 2326 2319 2458

1 1 2 2 2

24 86 110 115 155

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Afrique septentrionale

23 142 148 262 312

203 619 579 615 585

2073 11446 12196 11972 10689

82 2158 349 340 281

236 933 1029 1356 1134

458 2146 1908 2749 3308

190 1720 1563 1978 1904

714 2395 2949 2937 2852

6 11 18 9 7

32 68 60 69 48

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Afrique subsaharienne

4 3 2 8 7

8 27 24 29 41

536 3866 4078 4096 3321

11 357 137 53 30

103 392 479 698 476

65 63 56 85 63

36 236 280 352 333

130 442 476 553 526

0 7 5 5 5

7 16 11 21 8

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Afrique du sud

167 729 735 672 663

810 7681 7010 7112 5770

562 5846 4773 3986 3502

8676 32581 32327 31327 26900

1541 12128 14308 13523 13244

396 3847 3477 4035 3798

736 7883 9367 10343 10067

1499 9740 10836 9977 9005

11 23 20 25 24

229 296 458 418 489

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Amérique latine et Caraïbes

85 419 436 376 280

185 4421 3603 3268 2994

264 3547 3180 2629 2141

1061 5564 5851 5885 4991

372 5803 6935 5608 5422

139 3180 2751 2892 3024

250 3131 3667 4200 4339

705 6110 6455 5706 5354

0 8 7 6 7

... 4 0 ... ...

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

26 102 97 94 83

145 634 687 671 674

346 1826 2083 2189 2056

185 1922 2192 2039 1968

6265 18154 19507 22272 22386

195 1108 1046 1203 1411

2052 13276 15642 17085 18534

310 1825 1820 2029 1982

34 281 256 256 285

28 13 11 9 8

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

26 97 93 87 77

142 571 645 623 630

295 1653 1880 1984 1851

145 1775 2076 1849 1785

3365 11645 12956 14650 14695

152 907 954 1074 1289

1242 9113 10712 11971 13259

247 1350 1428 1506 1481

5 101 104 134 149

... ... ... ... 0

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

11 60 66 55 80

216 1026 1078 1167 903

182 4184 4466 3817 3470

102 325 340 384 341

413 1984 1946 2172 2298

819 6194 8853 7411 5804

622 6215 8095 7627 6315

1907 9355 10431 10098 9609

2 9 13 12 10

1 15 31 55 32

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Asie méridionale

36 133 156 136 141

127 1164 1023 1102 986

650 4315 4171 4602 3634

150 1159 1181 1419 1378

3275 13804 14506 16007 15669

655 2485 2515 2507 2736

4999 21861 21726 23391 22836

975 3760 3721 3716 3435

46 369 377 457 474

70 1030 703 1231 1319

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Asie du Sud-est

143 509 510 560 450

258 1504 1552 1465 1430

146 2071 2444 2353 2338

58 202 225 281 253

96 1981 2213 402 389

479 2433 2868 2939 2775

86 800 869 990 851

2609 11881 13450 16786 15533

0 5 5 7 5

213 1239 1581 1056 975

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Asie occidentale

0 1 1 2 0

... 0 0 1 0

7 2 2 3 1

0 4 2 2 1

21 77 75 130 81

0 3 3 5 2

33 243 257 382 260

0 1 1 2 4

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Brésil

Asie orientale

Chine

22 10 2000 Océanie 171 16 2012 153 10 2013 145 8 2014 104 14 2015 Voir la fin du tableau pour la remarque générale et les notes.

27

World merchandise exports by provenance and destination (Table D) In million U.S. dollars f.o.b. Developed economies 2/ Économies développées 2/

Exports to

Asia-Pacific Asie-Pacifique

Exports from

Year

World 1/ Monde 1/

Total

North America Amérique du Nord

Europe

Japan Japon

Total

Total

Commonwealth of Independent States Communauté d'Etats Indépendants

Germany Allemagne

Total

U.S.A. É.-U.

Total

Europe

Crude materials (excluding fuels), oils, fats (SITC, Rev. 3, 2 and 4) World 1/

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

213012 843117 840410 803973 659652

135143 341419 331870 325576 265885

21294 54570 53247 50657 37775

19748 50735 49783 46824 34443

83978 229640 224501 219082 180660

15235 44130 43301 40480 33632

29871 57209 54122 55837 47450

23136 43701 41383 42621 35920

3273 16871 17144 15703 11474

2922 13513 13993 12262 8847

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

17277 105350 114849 104439 73912

6994 19828 18065 15931 10775

3049 13304 12596 11026 6793

2577 12646 11980 10376 6362

2422 4429 3656 3308 2677

328 1004 775 755 563

1523 2095 1812 1597 1305

1155 1420 1377 1348 1044

175 587 415 381 129

174 569 387 369 117

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

3369 13453 12528 11444 9555

747 1950 1635 1521 1331

30 35 34 29 25

. . . . .

437 1050 898 731 640

96 308 238 220 170

280 865 703 761 667

268 847 686 739 636

5 87 76 84 106

4 80 67 73 95

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

61182 186578 186642 182492 150143

51586 139367 139949 139082 114023

1529 2373 2623 2450 2142

1332 1918 2140 1911 1688

47688 132203 132138 130920 106748

9926 28791 29319 27927 22693

2369 4791 5188 5712 5132

2050 4067 4316 4683 4187

811 4052 4162 3287 2353

783 3811 3888 2987 2118

France

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

6036 15292 14614 14339 12248

5195 12518 11859 11768 9838

62 92 84 96 132

54 70 64 71 93

4960 12037 11420 11299 9232

957 2681 2313 2128 1857

173 390 355 373 475

159 353 324 335 449

43 221 271 171 123

39 212 257 161 115

Germany

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

9272 29907 28377 28058 22324

7481 23874 22684 22873 18392

98 178 208 189 160

75 116 150 132 110

7114 22681 21456 21635 17341

. . . . .

269 1014 1020 1049 891

236 922 941 957 812

175 755 638 491 333

169 717 608 447 294

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

53044 140939 134151 134365 114288

35072 49309 49107 51537 44832

6996 8792 9086 9027 7608

6675 8240 8567 8453 7112

10362 18013 17418 18094 16410

1672 3410 3000 2617 2594

17714 22504 22603 24415 20815

12780 14153 14769 16059 13740

61 416 568 507 378

49 329 512 466 369

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

30471 96250 90192 90214 76335

15489 23572 23164 24484 21669

4053 4093 4293 4611 3953

3903 3773 3992 4272 3664

6505 11129 11040 11519 10646

965 2593 2340 2042 2020

4931 8350 7831 8354 7070

. . . . .

55 388 547 477 368

43 303 493 437 359

South-Eastern Europe

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

1742 7939 8901 7923 6269

850 3754 4558 4072 3439

9 183 227 159 94

8 182 227 156 89

826 3463 4235 3857 3284

121 415 520 678 643

15 109 97 56 61

5 21 30 40 56

105 74 66 75 61

105 71 62 70 58

Commonwealth of Independent States

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

9234 40434 38353 37260 28140

4892 11407 11390 10598 7691

597 451 658 654 527

597 433 642 645 523

4206 10771 10520 9683 6974

457 685 736 746 575

88 186 212 261 190

79 180 196 209 158

1628 7840 7744 7423 4980

1361 5234 5398 4886 3176

4752 18783 18172 17990 13916

2850 6072 6158 5562 3964

588 404 552 555 451

587 404 551 551 450

2214 5512 5411 4788 3346

173 405 348 352 291

48 156 194 220 166

40 151 180 170 136

338 2858 2973 2999 2062

229 1052 1208 1164 752

Developed Economies Asia-Pacific 2/

Japan

Developed Economies Europe 2/

Developed Economies North America 2/

United States

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015 For general note and footnotes see end of table Russian Federation 4/

28

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Les exportations de marchandises du monde par provenance et destination (Tableau D) En millions de dollars E.-U. f.o.b. Exportations vers

SouthEastern Europe Europe du Sud-Est

Northern Africa Afrique septentrionale

Sub-Saharan

Africa Afrique subsaharienne

Latin America and the Caribbean Amérique latine et Caraïbes

Eastern Asia Asie orientale

Southern South-eastern Western Asia Asia Asia Asie Asie du Asie méridionale Sud-Est occidentale

Oceania Océanie

Other 3/ Autres 3/

Exportations en provence de

Année

Matières brutes (sauf combustibles), huiles et graisses (CTCI, Rev. 3, 2 et 4) 1140 7648 7930 7567 6142

2714 12821 12033 12136 10723

3052 14125 14013 14110 12828

10267 33289 31045 31197 26503

32703 291772 308207 278230 219073

6996 45983 41453 43261 38553

9138 41024 38834 39317 33973

6352 36300 35169 35127 26839

83 290 274 302 270

2151 1577 2437 1447 7388

2000 Monde 1/ 2012 2013 2014 2015

56 124 110 163 82

116 57 72 99 85

351 695 809 756 483

117 318 271 214 213

6159 73912 85088 76186 50684

678 3324 2769 2583 1922

1505 4488 4859 5445 3653

377 1781 2168 2483 391

29 111 99 99 82

721 127 125 98 5413

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

1 11 19 16 14

3 8 7 4 3

41 199 210 222 209

33 97 111 100 93

1879 9119 8509 7386 5796

111 245 222 248 266

525 1642 1635 1737 1623

22 89 101 124 113

1 4 2 2 2

... ... ... ... ...

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

397 3402 3712 3649 2950

1141 4418 4120 4358 3386

627 1928 1865 1679 1456

613 2002 2090 1910 1670

2814 16738 17475 15068 13569

636 4117 3189 3644 3097

651 2432 2314 2086 1982

1535 7897 7500 7533 5399

11 23 29 22 16

360 202 237 173 244

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

16 93 110 106 95

118 354 318 302 286

62 123 117 123 115

61 126 179 123 136

280 1047 1085 1096 995

115 174 133 138 170

29 217 203 226 223

109 397 315 264 244

7 16 13 12 9

0 6 9 10 14

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

France

95 353 337 352 292

91 521 438 509 430

101 376 267 228 192

110 341 335 324 271

601 1995 2166 1755 1270

125 555 407 453 369

140 338 353 329 267

206 798 749 737 505

1 0 0 0 1

146 1 1 5 3

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Allemagne

26 223 97 112 109

190 2267 1771 1716 1166

315 740 647 591 509

5415 14397 13624 14483 13496

8290 57632 53986 50441 40196

523 2980 2602 3184 3571

1923 6531 6699 7140 6368

975 6241 4837 4598 3604

21 29 40 56 58

232 175 172 0 ...

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

21 46 36 44 62

165 1972 1511 1530 1101

250 557 523 461 413

5057 12593 12229 13113 12354

6440 43651 39797 37601 29241

360 2315 2085 2320 2528

1472 5739 5800 6022 5495

911 5221 4294 4108 3069

19 19 33 54 37

232 175 172 0 ...

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

231 1224 1175 1086 960

122 187 186 197 186

2 274 252 208 176

8 17 14 8 16

102 538 702 532 386

6 46 110 178 35

3 12 32 29 9

310 1782 1769 1500 968

0 0 0 0 1

3 31 36 37 32

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Europe du Sud-Est

127 673 807 748 671

270 1853 1369 1566 1112

6 123 72 136 127

47 275 190 229 227

1256 11682 10758 10002 8392

178 2729 2334 2632 1930

63 258 358 274 283

768 3593 3330 3652 2726

0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Communauté d'Etats Indépendants

23 197 213 185 149

190 945 748 1103 799

1 71 21 48 65

12 160 117 153 179

973 5827 5671 5269 4609

45 598 497 630 496

21 184 183 136 156

300 1872 1591 1904 1436

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Économies développées Asie-Pacifique 2/

Japon

Économies développées Europe 2/

Économies développées Amérique du Nord 2/

États-Unis

0 0 2000 Fédération de Russie 4/ 0 0 2012 0 0 2013 0 0 2014 0 0 2015 Voir la fin du tableau pour la remarque générale et les notes.

29

World merchandise exports by provenance and destination (Table D) In million U.S. dollars f.o.b. Developed economies 2/ Économies développées 2/

Exports to

Asia-Pacific Asie-Pacifique

Exports from

Year

World 1/ Monde 1/

Total

Total

North America Amérique du Nord

Europe

Japan Japon

Total

Commonwealth of Independent States Communauté d'Etats Indépendants

Germany Allemagne

U.S.A. É.-U.

Total

Total

Europe

Crude materials (excluding fuels), oils, fats (SITC, Rev. 3, 2 and 4) [cont.] Northern Africa

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

1414 5375 4666 4327 4004

946 2366 2343 2166 1958

61 116 92 93 88

24 22 26 23 21

773 1629 1682 1620 1444

42 123 116 119 111

111 622 568 454 426

102 599 537 356 331

12 75 33 40 32

12 70 29 30 22

Sub-Saharan Africa

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

7465 46045 41600 36077 31887

4484 17288 14485 12269 10537

522 1863 1706 1818 1138

506 1728 1620 1749 1074

3429 13453 10695 8597 7862

537 1544 1231 1068 1209

533 1972 2084 1853 1538

472 1473 1587 1329 1267

14 268 369 248 246

14 196 344 211 199

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

2693 16943 17538 15297 9607

1932 5134 4975 4609 2964

411 1338 1237 1251 494

400 1292 1198 1211 478

1205 3034 3041 2559 1917

338 308 284 364 464

315 762 697 799 553

306 735 678 574 543

8 84 86 114 87

8 74 78 99 75

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

25139 142095 147808 140424 117419

15210 48982 47893 45622 36375

2677 13434 12462 11349 7967

2602 12814 11997 10810 7329

7713 25482 25166 23283 18674

1255 4827 4430 3657 2757

4819 10065 10265 10989 9734

3999 7904 8085 8849 7553

149 933 1217 1611 1435

149 857 1080 1411 1227

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

9140 65790 71528 65951 52067

6169 20170 20962 19141 14322

900 3666 3813 3104 1706

881 3627 3778 3073 1675

4222 13786 14234 12445 9584

771 1796 2146 1758 1078

1047 2718 2915 3592 3032

980 1945 2195 2802 2169

12 206 127 374 402

12 181 100 373 376

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

11347 32189 31576 33608 29259

4318 10862 10448 10884 9508

1979 3840 3538 3571 3149

1894 3549 3257 3285 2842

1471 3996 4021 4242 3611

229 893 955 998 813

869 3025 2889 3070 2748

814 2660 2588 2783 2478

91 450 411 402 351

88 412 367 362 309

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

4575 14925 15192 16504 14627

2767 7173 6975 7359 6515

1241 2226 2102 2143 1934

1205 2061 1931 1965 1728

1051 2792 2811 3038 2626

169 681 695 729 603

475 2155 2062 2178 1956

454 1927 1891 2011 1786

56 288 244 268 222

53 256 213 235 186

Southern Asia

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

2589 23729 20467 19530 16351

1252 8933 5528 5126 3750

296 704 710 675 477

277 547 615 575 383

664 2212 1915 1976 1913

105 444 385 419 400

292 6016 2903 2475 1360

279 5853 2784 2327 1228

92 236 217 199 183

72 182 156 163 130

South-Eastern Asia

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

18170 94320 91612 83860 72406

7767 25349 23762 23111 19624

3106 8773 8702 8518 7211

2833 8079 8038 7770 6565

3213 10997 9927 9945 8570

376 1578 1408 970 829

1448 5579 5132 4648 3844

1324 5156 4789 4360 3614

71 1553 1575 1205 1057

69 1480 1506 1082 939

Western Asia

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

2643 15384 16454 15308 13246

1085 2531 2647 2771 2372

120 156 161 280 229

114 125 122 199 170

882 2142 2137 2208 1858

115 293 265 287 256

83 232 349 283 284

72 202 307 256 251

61 387 367 324 269

47 303 264 225 184

1765 2740 3333 4361 2327

687 1445 1696 2406 1000

353 580 686 1037 353

308 452 551 874 284

328 852 991 1347 635

71 122 161 239 189

7 13 20 22 12

6 13 20 22 12

3 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0

South Africa

Latin America and the Caribbean

Brazil

Eastern Asia

China

Oceania

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015 For general note and footnotes see end of table

30

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Les exportations de marchandises du monde par provenance et destination (Tableau D) En millions de dollars E.-U. f.o.b. Exportations vers

SouthEastern Europe Europe du Sud-Est

Northern Africa Afrique septentrionale

Sub-Saharan

Africa Afrique subsaharienne

Latin America and the Caribbean Amérique latine et Caraïbes

Eastern Asia Asie orientale

Southern South-eastern Western Asia Asia Asia Asie Asie du Asie méridionale Sud-Est occidentale

Oceania Océanie

Other 3/ Autres 3/

Exportations en provence de

Année

Matières brutes (sauf combustibles), huiles et graisses (CTCI, Rev. 3, 2 et 4) [suite] 35 97 61 68 74

45 371 224 284 206

13 204 197 175 189

89 309 209 237 229

63 415 359 321 300

63 669 430 430 434

32 188 215 108 112

106 605 576 477 449

0 0 0 0 0

9 77 19 19 21

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Afrique septentrionale

18 311 130 37 34

109 140 173 155 1547

1008 4857 4949 4456 4440

116 1794 267 256 175

757 14280 14857 12795 10228

328 2668 1878 2361 1577

374 2619 2728 2008 1639

227 1473 1680 1414 1461

1 3 9 13 2

27 345 74 66 3

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Afrique subsaharienne

10 15 8 4 3

6 16 28 30 12

112 739 680 708 661

23 112 89 128 57

358 8504 9718 7598 4815

62 1231 837 1346 567

154 901 884 496 299

29 202 228 250 140

0 1 1 12 2

0 5 3 1 1

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Afrique du sud

145 1008 1234 1048 791

361 1519 2121 1620 1220

222 807 556 632 628

3372 11212 11472 11006 8123

3244 62919 68745 63671 53222

1370 6391 5667 6571 7002

669 4213 4148 4369 4373

389 3839 3566 3816 3108

1 3 3 2 4

7 270 1187 458 1138

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Amérique latine et Caraïbes

41 235 274 196 146

196 781 956 827 571

50 220 184 205 192

682 2307 2458 2369 1423

1211 34428 40350 35874 27787

328 1407 941 1174 1672

210 3068 2692 2936 3181

241 2967 2584 2854 2370

1 1 1 1 1

... ... ... ... ...

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

7 94 119 121 107

33 221 224 192 213

46 400 407 490 537

98 840 825 870 830

5248 11362 11362 12160 9840

440 1979 1967 2054 1929

948 4926 4779 5240 4805

116 1049 1029 1188 1133

1 5 5 6 6

1 0 0 0 0

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

6 84 106 104 90

18 179 189 158 183

23 192 200 288 358

42 478 486 563 572

1000 2962 3394 3487 2696

251 990 984 1128 1113

360 1891 1950 2306 2054

52 686 664 842 821

0 2 1 2 2

... ... ... ... ...

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

6 29 27 31 25

31 120 145 155 120

39 190 217 230 212

56 229 220 188 160

495 8767 8233 7836 6233

215 2263 2508 2335 2455

223 1807 1708 1662 1473

179 1150 1644 1738 1734

0 2 3 5 4

0 4 18 26 1

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Asie méridionale

41 171 144 148 131

202 1424 1338 1469 1156

375 3594 3672 4326 3623

281 1626 1590 1450 1205

4015 29176 31061 25275 22398

2228 15910 15451 14189 11970

2375 12821 10334 10074 8786

794 2587 2584 2505 2366

15 83 73 81 74

4 26 27 25 16

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Asie du Sud-est

49 294 313 355 209

93 241 288 325 326

39 313 368 432 449

55 154 124 128 154

150 3724 4761 3151 2590

319 2697 2279 2701 2496

142 410 276 354 350

577 4304 4486 4223 3501

0 10 2 0 11

72 320 542 544 519

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Asie occidentale

1 0 0 0 0

... 3 2 1 1

7 0 0 0 0

1 117 149 218 5

110 627 820 791 1034

10 210 270 399 135

229 319 384 528 142

... 0 0 0 0

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Brésil

Asie orientale

Chine

4 714 2000 Océanie 19 0 2012 11 0 2013 16 0 2014 10 0 2015 Voir la fin du tableau pour la remarque générale et les notes.

31

World merchandise exports by provenance and destination (Table D) In million U.S. dollars f.o.b. Developed economies 2/ Économies développées 2/

Exports to

Asia-Pacific Asie-Pacifique

Exports from

Year

World 1/ Monde 1/

Total

North America Amérique du Nord

Europe

Japan Japon

Total

Total

Commonwealth of Independent States Communauté d'Etats Indépendants

Germany Allemagne

Total

U.S.A. É.-U.

Total

Europe

Mineral fuels and related materials (SITC. Rev. 3, 3) World 1/

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

656806 3304504 3245874 3016033 2063752

433226 1682447 1659335 1495755 876254

62968 223400 218799 207962 116510

57982 186509 182948 173238 90565

221568 1016173 1028693 906847 543710

28416 99961 117311 103051 67115

148690 442874 411843 380946 216035

122471 322018 283556 265131 141583

11138 68909 61220 47485 22036

9697 58876 50070 39350 16402

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

15224 88097 83321 81097 59524

7843 38156 36401 33817 15278

5798 34040 32427 31044 12493

5119 30389 27684 27154 9492

901 3255 3174 2241 2059

85 158 108 94 123

1144 862 799 532 727

1143 853 750 529 726

7 68 70 142 151

7 65 65 140 148

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

1520 13434 16682 15824 11403

518 2434 4809 3212 3011

83 1706 3385 2562 2360

. . . . .

40 113 660 180 125

4 9 10 11 8

395 614 764 470 526

394 606 715 467 526

7 68 67 68 52

7 65 64 66 50

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

131109 526990 550180 489319 329870

119060 427971 447827 397373 257239

136 1212 1118 1581 564

102 1067 1001 1483 486

101983 392414 414804 368054 239203

20560 65614 84517 74041 49915

16941 34345 31905 27738 17472

13150 31108 27643 24453 14761

384 4175 4862 4786 2381

367 3664 4292 4346 2125

France

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

8183 24831 22236 21984 19760

7258 18718 17650 17477 13543

28 77 107 20 50

13 73 71 16 46

6660 16920 16091 16209 12656

1009 1729 1420 1453 1004

570 1721 1452 1248 837

561 1592 1389 1193 781

16 86 30 37 26

15 84 26 30 20

Germany

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

7757 34322 35042 33726 28276

5384 32298 33105 31135 17844

13 45 45 40 32

9 25 22 19 16

4961 32018 32875 30880 17687

. . . . .

410 235 186 216 125

406 181 149 143 94

35 561 694 1459 253

33 490 617 1388 202

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

49930 253499 269090 284043 183352

41758 162733 173704 186961 117208

1513 5012 4660 4162 2826

1356 4564 4226 3717 2539

2025 32446 31682 29331 19581

104 1195 876 745 585

38220 125275 137362 153468 94801

35442 106342 112367 120628 73520

8 589 509 445 426

8 577 497 431 417

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

13340 137139 148724 155416 106008

5570 51475 57405 61820 41738

1001 3101 3138 3143 2038

845 2658 2708 2703 1753

1793 29441 29277 25849 18426

80 1074 795 667 496

2776 18933 24991 32828 21274

. . . . .

8 557 459 408 311

7 546 448 396 304

South-Eastern Europe

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

1442 9230 10104 9178 6453

243 3141 3297 2218 1740

... 0 0 0 0

... 0 0 0 0

231 3021 3264 2216 1719

6 145 242 189 82

12 121 33 2 21

12 121 33 2 21

225 1598 2031 1483 790

152 1018 1482 1008 482

Commonwealth of Independent States

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

62917 479966 479776 447874 276714

41875 318963 329612 306009 154419

302 16991 21758 24143 12463

302 16947 21429 23667 12033

40039 291341 300177 276332 137916

3736 20952 19995 21385 12491

1534 10631 7678 5535 4040

215 7719 5162 4559 3465

10329 61301 52561 39253 17018

9053 52769 43049 32643 12574

2000 52166 2012 368853 2013 372036 2014 346119 2015 216101 For general note and footnotes see end of table

36681 249657 261566 240786 116155

302 16959 21626 23933 12343

302 16947 21298 23458 11913

36076 226629 235749 212876 100636

3554 18304 17369 18238 10865

303 6070 4191 3978 3176

189 6052 4135 3811 3056

6979 49373 42715 29754 11583

6287 42798 34922 24918 8402

Developed Economies Asia-Pacific 2/

Japan

Developed Economies Europe 2/

Developed Economies North America 2/

United States

Russian Federation 4/

32

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Les exportations de marchandises du monde par provenance et destination (Tableau D) En millions de dollars E.-U. f.o.b. Exportations vers

SouthEastern Europe Europe du Sud-Est

Northern Africa Afrique septentrionale

Sub-Saharan

Africa Afrique subsaharienne

Latin America and the Caribbean Amérique latine et Caraïbes

Southern South-eastern Western Asia Asia Asia Asie Asie du Asie méridionale Sud-Est occidentale

Eastern Asia Asie orientale

Oceania Océanie

Other 3/ Autres 3/

Exportations en provence de

Année

Combustibles minéraux et produits assimiles (CTCI, Rev. 3, 3) 3229 22754 17258 16553 10553

6265 44368 43974 36202 19789

5870 61981 64560 67941 45304

33590 191104 166204 168954 115722

98455 754957 749672 708131 451381

11365 125915 120111 128261 70216

25377 208305 213810 209456 133068

9836 80485 80381 81078 49918

1760 6202 4969 4885 3343

16696 57079 64382 51332 266168

0 0 1 1 13

8 1 1 1 1

65 265 246 158 102

320 1917 872 1455 1522

3610 28115 28438 29223 16039

499 6408 5072 5044 4201

1633 10050 9281 10008 5640

112 326 160 168 294

421 842 706 705 385

706 1950 2073 375 15898

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

... 0 0 0 0

0 1 1 1 1

2 23 84 51 6

42 622 103 351 431

701 6042 7351 7969 4906

27 429 231 210 66

220 3752 3961 3695 2651

4 28 62 78 86

0 37 13 189 193

... ... ... ... ...

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

784 6145 5681 5286 3764

1350 14122 13750 11703 7847

1171 17024 17555 17253 11684

767 9628 10018 7159 4348

506 9609 7857 7842 5982

436 1006 532 551 561

286 4676 4615 4198 3902

1985 17061 16313 15979 9986

6 77 18 12 48

4375 15497 21152 17177 22131

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

8 29 32 26 18

212 1555 742 643 686

257 1464 1397 1939 1214

130 366 265 224 68

23 86 153 254 56

21 263 26 27 21

19 66 121 108 57

204 1689 1642 1210 630

3 4 5 4 4

34 505 172 36 3436

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

France

22 81 94 129 109

10 33 45 37 36

35 212 198 101 78

117 282 121 189 108

35 220 259 290 214

12 59 50 44 40

13 75 78 73 52

38 353 257 178 154

0 60 0 0 0

2056 89 140 89 9388

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Allemagne

73 312 177 302 134

105 1414 2411 2562 1218

134 1906 3463 3885 1247

6228 68708 70139 74959 52544

821 8028 8322 6304 4897

95 1815 1471 1493 1302

419 4984 5138 4328 2663

287 2931 3730 2797 1684

2 78 28 8 29

0 1 ... 0 0

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

61 271 154 256 104

96 1337 2409 2555 1199

125 1903 3460 3883 1245

6142 67527 69436 74025 52283

582 4594 5406 4404 3686

85 1642 1249 1251 1155

418 4978 5071 4232 2651

251 2777 3648 2574 1608

2 78 28 8 29

... ... ... ... ...

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

661 2019 1864 1846 1459

13 324 326 463 567

65 325 342 153 18

17 5 2 2 1

0 1 2 1 4

1 60 40 31 14

12 71 431 737 347

186 1657 1722 2182 1472

... 1 1 1 0

19 27 45 61 41

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Europe du Sud-Est

1626 14058 9314 8884 4982

28 2483 2282 2945 1175

22 185 212 176 319

4633 1426 2290 1176 853

697 53181 55889 59337 40083

251 3580 2452 2718 1661

464 6703 9596 13083 4904

2989 17523 15345 14116 9024

1 80 0 0 17

2 483 222 175 42260

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Communauté d'Etats Indépendants

1407 9784 6386 5330 2790

24 1997 1669 2283 807

15 175 189 159 309

3416 831 1748 1003 732

590 40255 41732 47731 31976

15 837 621 555 399

428 3943 4665 9977 3263

2611 11771 10726 8529 5884

0 0 2000 Fédération de Russie 4/ 80 149 2012 ... 19 2013 0 11 2014 17 42186 2015 Voir la fin du tableau pour la remarque générale et les notes.

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2000 Monde 1/ 2012 2013 2014 2015 Économies développées Asie-Pacifique 2/

Japon

Économies développées Europe 2/

Économies développées Amérique du Nord 2/

États-Unis

33

World merchandise exports by provenance and destination (Table D) In million U.S. dollars f.o.b. Developed economies 2/ Économies développées 2/

Exports to

Asia-Pacific Asie-Pacifique

Exports from

Year

World 1/ Monde 1/

Total

North America Amérique du Nord

Europe

Japan Japon

Total

Germany Allemagne

Total

Commonwealth of Independent States Communauté d'Etats Indépendants

U.S.A. É.-U.

Total

Total

Europe

Mineral fuels and related materials (SITC. Rev. 3, 3) [cont.] Northern Africa

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

34262 141267 119360 91136 50144

28468 110381 94261 69818 37258

95 3296 2815 1672 842

95 2118 1984 1672 842

24088 87947 80187 61434 32631

2706 7444 6476 2662 1347

4285 19138 11258 6712 3785

3508 14056 8132 5158 2918

10 99 115 50 70

0 1 1 49 48

Sub-Saharan Africa

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

45320 243808 202181 205623 173712

27722 119373 93627 83848 75553

229 10349 9398 9467 7541

193 5929 5456 6241 4553

9449 65176 59312 59197 57360

279 2460 2693 2069 2061

18045 43849 24918 15184 10652

17389 38745 21404 13690 9641

3 1 1 93 88

3 1 1 93 88

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

2664 11296 10108 9507 8161

1005 1468 1425 1798 882

72 72 63 29 24

36 58 54 21 15

902 1272 1237 1517 740

32 59 53 72 84

31 124 126 251 118

29 124 123 239 95

0 1 0 42 36

0 1 0 42 36

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

62277 256032 236214 219250 154406

44109 128396 125980 110215 68615

434 1272 1160 798 1217

371 1272 1150 798 1216

3996 24193 24190 22225 13223

406 182 612 468 117

39679 102931 100630 87191 54175

38840 81745 69140 58294 28161

2 5 9 10 14

1 5 9 10 12

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

908 26469 17822 20650 13748

600 11098 7720 6571 3450

0 31 11 0 0

0 31 1 0 0

66 4601 3425 2816 1141

6 66 111 72 13

533 6466 4284 3755 2309

529 5736 3704 3608 2196

... 0 0 0 0

... 0 0 ... 0

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

19505 113233 113941 109829 89962

7958 25724 26581 24732 22484

5952 15886 16067 14868 14081

5704 11514 10621 8368 7739

452 5122 5456 5072 4251

46 551 426 382 248

1553 4716 5059 4792 4152

1477 4517 4853 4602 3998

97 568 615 602 491

78 460 433 368 354

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

7855 31013 33786 34446 27944

3226 6185 5479 5139 5097

2080 2823 2105 2175 2653

1973 2472 1829 1446 1531

436 1915 1879 1520 1367

46 549 423 374 241

711 1447 1496 1444 1078

689 1308 1307 1294 960

70 382 443 429 332

51 295 286 221 218

Southern Asia

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

26842 122537 128429 121106 87867

16073 30429 32445 20913 15288

5332 3423 3595 10508 9549

5317 3164 3504 10141 8428

10595 25783 25040 5886 3596

184 10 39 30 7

147 1224 3810 4518 2143

146 1222 3747 4517 2142

11 75 67 215 359

3 11 12 12 8

South-Eastern Asia

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

45382 229305 221348 206984 149899

18836 66901 59266 54199 37549

16791 61134 53720 49344 33515

13818 40562 35161 30762 22570

423 3394 2296 2360 1862

19 63 39 74 63

1622 2374 3250 2494 2172

1616 2146 3069 2326 2073

2 49 67 63 68

2 44 64 50 53

Western Asia

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

161896 840061 831415 749983 497457

78684 250233 236276 205569 71226

25789 70742 72025 60291 19021

25604 68941 70675 59154 18514

27385 82082 79110 72500 30309

284 1188 1288 910 76

25510 97410 85141 72778 21895

9532 33443 27256 26372 157

58 381 311 343 179

22 260 166 200 92

597 44 57 84 2399

597 44 57 84 2399

0 42 55 82 2154

0 0 0 0 0

... 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0

... ... ... ... ...

... ... ... ... ...

South Africa

Latin America and the Caribbean

Brazil

Eastern Asia

China

Oceania

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015 For general note and footnotes see end of table

34

699 481 515 611 4391

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Les exportations de marchandises du monde par provenance et destination (Tableau D) En millions de dollars E.-U. f.o.b. Exportations vers

SouthEastern Europe Europe du Sud-Est

Northern Africa Afrique septentrionale

Sub-Saharan

Africa Afrique subsaharienne

Latin America and the Caribbean Amérique latine et Caraïbes

Eastern Asia Asie orientale

Southern South-eastern Western Asia Asia Asia Asie Asie du Asie méridionale Sud-Est occidentale

Oceania Océanie

Other 3/ Autres 3/

Exportations en provence de

Année

Combustibles minéraux et produits assimiles (CTCI, Rev. 3, 3) [suite] 35 5 96 119 87

472 3354 4166 3673 2164

59 425 297 450 319

1830 4462 3493 3457 2046

167 11016 6648 5017 3376

173 4044 3627 2207 909

173 1899 1366 1555 936

2219 4027 3962 3497 2024

... ... 0 0 0

656 1554 1330 1292 956

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Afrique septentrionale

9 30 34 52 64

37 948 49 145 465

3583 22696 20108 21762 19930

1794 14981 11865 12724 11650

6330 52166 47617 48341 27907

4023 25844 21372 24032 22722

787 4198 4773 8204 6936

293 1566 1505 4025 3270

28 460 231 42 41

711 1543 998 2354 5087

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Afrique subsaharienne

2 22 27 6 3

35 38 23 110 413

580 3171 3435 3290 2416

45 256 300 187 139

129 1695 1437 350 191

83 2059 1815 2168 2456

42 840 505 404 163

168 1012 716 663 322

1 17 2 22 27

573 717 422 468 1116

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Afrique du sud

3 0 0 0 5

1 84 21 103 50

92 812 152 844 656

15534 71254 52298 53155 37176

438 37237 41385 38303 32438

209 7588 7923 7863 3158

179 8768 5982 5557 992

105 1461 1056 1486 1049

0 1 0 2 2

1602 425 1407 1712 10250

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Amérique latine et Caraïbes

... 0 ... ... 0

... ... 0 0 0

25 67 54 60 47

238 5625 3638 7075 4464

36 4848 4051 3485 4147

1 3432 1587 2348 1109

8 1261 736 1062 491

0 137 35 49 40

... 1 0 1 ...

... 0 ... ... ...

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

10 6 0 8 12

7 21 145 259 96

77 1683 2388 1578 1083

364 5943 4020 3143 2321

6606 33182 31436 28747 24498

489 1926 2080 2875 2348

2581 38582 40870 41403 32055

66 1554 1712 1763 1299

133 948 971 1473 1212

1116 3096 3123 3245 2063

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

10 6 0 8 12

6 18 11 4 33

59 713 763 952 590

209 4251 3230 2734 1883

2528 10539 11246 11000 9428

334 409 1000 1806 1489

1360 7461 10465 11197 7966

53 797 856 916 872

0 252 293 262 244

... ... ... ... 0

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

0 16 14 3 2

2008 3450 3194 662 117

8 6089 9451 10871 5272

679 5433 3846 4446 807

7173 38462 33460 38232 36194

177 2821 2704 16046 13011

501 12057 12639 7574 4280

212 16519 19660 21154 11339

0 1 5 2 17

0 7184 10944 987 1180

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Asie méridionale

3 13 0 2 2

9 43 223 2 15

28 2147 2855 3101 3029

78 244 533 518 155

13205 56474 52381 45663 35733

1669 12230 12800 13902 10008

10915 86524 88345 85948 61296

110 1188 1637 830 377

523 2877 2525 2248 1148

3 615 717 509 519

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Asie du Sud-est

25 149 77 52 30

2228 18123 17408 13684 6075

564 8422 7489 7707 1645

1346 7087 6825 6753 2295

58802 427423 436155 401000 222825

3344 58593 60038 51498 10296

7426 29766 30738 26800 8783

1270 14674 13579 13081 8099

645 743 368 253 354

7506 24469 22150 23241 165649

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Asie occidentale

0 ... ... ... ...

... ... ... ... ...

0 2 0 1 1

... 17 3 7 3

99 61 82 120 1405

... 0 1 0 25

2 28 37 60 334

... 0 0 ... 0

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Brésil

Asie orientale

Chine

1 0 2000 Océanie 94 235 2012 115 221 2013 136 204 2014 90 134 2015 Voir la fin du tableau pour la remarque générale et les notes.

35

World merchandise exports by provenance and destination (Table D) In million U.S. dollars f.o.b. Developed economies 2/ Économies développées 2/

Exports to

Asia-Pacific Asie-Pacifique

Exports from

Year

World 1/ Monde 1/

Total

North America Amérique du Nord

Europe

Japan Japon

Total

Total

Commonwealth of Independent States Communauté d'Etats Indépendants

Germany Allemagne

Total

U.S.A. É.-U.

Total

Europe

Chemicals (SITC, Rev. 3, 5) World 1/

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

565715 1907429 1963003 1998253 1830020

375859 1105183 1130706 1156737 1066771

29409 87787 82686 81872 76688

21467 61490 57674 56947 53301

260891 785643 815590 833020 745160

42879 137088 142667 144369 130101

85560 231754 232430 241845 244922

66201 184873 183818 193851 200387

7295 59450 63842 59421 45015

6110 50376 53745 49381 36685

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

39061 89464 85259 80828 70289

14664 21631 20662 20113 18132

1393 2579 2354 2237 1986

353 584 549 567 475

6096 9065 8202 7871 7267

976 1848 1748 1707 1486

7176 9987 10107 10006 8879

6972 9703 9764 9738 8569

23 191 200 201 146

19 179 192 191 139

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

35160 78940 75823 72120 62862

12405 17200 16498 16090 14386

386 490 424 364 377

. . . . .

5500 7949 7236 6989 6383

899 1573 1522 1511 1304

6520 8761 8838 8737 7626

6354 8589 8610 8557 7409

22 179 180 180 134

18 169 173 171 128

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

317313 970490 1023751 1039812 947528

260846 760083 797191 811239 738281

11710 31352 30910 28184 28025

8572 21641 21025 18759 19222

212447 624831 661812 673004 590919

36797 117639 122864 123843 110516

36689 103900 104469 110050 119337

33954 94443 93711 99852 109732

4360 36282 39551 36156 26320

4031 33241 36008 32719 23474

France

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

40440 97808 101349 100776 94298

32870 70990 72277 71878 66455

1270 3493 3209 2785 2511

908 2691 2400 2015 1865

27982 60749 62603 62524 56822

5990 13141 13895 13746 12858

3618 6749 6465 6569 7122

3362 5951 5633 5844 6443

530 3219 3698 3418 2447

469 2936 3350 3051 2153

Germany

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

69666 207554 217212 225383 198979

53574 157248 163425 171076 151264

3003 6443 6543 6711 6102

2398 4761 4809 4926 4426

43607 131407 135933 140798 121272

. . . . .

6964 19398 20948 23567 23890

6328 17946 19298 21829 22265

1211 9818 10417 9460 6715

1124 9095 9643 8736 6131

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

94873 243965 246579 249795 242980

61284 137714 137651 141285 140609

8502 17140 15429 16017 15178

6582 13017 11383 12089 11194

24816 60875 61165 62995 66732

2845 7911 7617 7820 8027

27966 59699 61056 62273 58699

12116 27212 27828 28210 27348

312 1432 1548 1264 1178

267 1311 1337 1085 1067

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

80057 206918 208859 211822 206459

48161 106558 105871 108977 109954

8179 16601 14935 15014 14574

6371 12727 11128 11323 10815

24133 57476 57714 59906 64035

2719 7517 7199 7559 7782

15849 32481 33222 34057 31346

. . . . .

302 1375 1478 1205 1140

260 1257 1274 1033 1037

South-Eastern Europe

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

1338 7825 8402 8531 7838

541 3917 4392 4480 4361

2 20 25 21 24

2 13 15 13 11

513 3625 4190 4270 4208

46 1174 1420 1344 1494

26 272 177 188 129

26 263 173 180 116

148 1081 1219 1195 836

138 980 1097 1061 732

Commonwealth of Independent States

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

8542 43599 36854 36540 31604

4566 16074 11997 12395 10381

35 185 157 148 131

33 60 70 76 71

3214 13883 9978 10766 8620

282 725 842 722 547

1318 2005 1862 1482 1629

1286 1631 1504 1237 1457

1361 10519 10663 10095 8389

839 7640 7623 7015 5833

6181 24610 23533 23517 19950

3740 8517 8703 9009 7328

23 103 75 70 60

21 34 27 31 34

2535 7272 7508 7906 5936

218 486 569 441 336

1183 1142 1120 1033 1331

1165 1054 1004 959 1244

607 5858 6383 6078 5199

189 3958 4272 3971 3471

Developed Economies Asia-Pacific 2/

Japan

Developed Economies Europe 2/

Developed Economies North America 2/

United States

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015 For general note and footnotes see end of table Russian Federation 4/

36

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Les exportations de marchandises du monde par provenance et destination (Tableau D) En millions de dollars E.-U. f.o.b. Exportations vers

SouthEastern Europe Europe du Sud-Est

Northern Africa Afrique septentrionale

Sub-Saharan

Africa Afrique subsaharienne

Latin America and the Caribbean Amérique latine et Caraïbes

Eastern Asia Asie orientale

Southern South-eastern Western Asia Asia Asia Asie Asie du Asie méridionale Sud-Est occidentale

Oceania Océanie

Other 3/ Autres 3/

Exportations en provence de

Année

Produits chimiques (CTCI, Rev. 3, 5) 2698 17404 19094 19477 17434

4621 20293 21897 23202 21050

7730 35935 39275 41759 38604

38936 143750 146756 147627 134644

67250 274141 280340 271231 243811

9464 58359 56707 65524 65013

27959 106590 110579 120270 109339

16789 74213 80354 88001 79352

324 1630 1558 1136 969

6790 10481 11894 3870 8019

2 33 31 37 34

52 82 81 89 86

161 385 310 293 225

1390 1482 1352 1399 1266

16114 51412 49480 45433 38304

491 1626 1403 1533 1700

5662 11287 10571 10572 9250

301 1035 885 890 894

95 278 273 251 221

107 22 11 16 32

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

2 26 26 30 31

45 69 67 70 76

105 229 220 216 162

1298 1150 1029 1095 1026

15458 48442 46953 43388 36815

446 1174 1084 1203 1382

5143 9650 9041 9133 8154

230 813 719 711 691

6 8 6 6 4

... ... ... ... ...

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

2196 13642 14964 15178 13481

3328 11882 13053 13442 12023

3858 12306 13193 13505 12813

9213 31411 33565 34024 31454

8702 39297 42462 45374 43318

2805 9778 9941 10414 9686

4847 15497 16453 16704 15605

10663 37413 40456 40948 37932

146 380 382 435 320

6351 2519 2540 2395 6296

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

193 907 1058 1098 1064

1065 3114 3367 3398 3031

1052 3168 3530 3154 3644

1207 3779 4282 4534 4188

1065 4076 4435 4598 4527

286 966 991 1045 1217

690 2762 2699 2662 2559

1358 4487 4676 4664 4580

122 298 312 308 264

2 43 24 18 322

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

France

423 2500 2723 2930 2659

372 1513 1618 1644 1442

616 2011 2059 2334 2106

2378 7454 7829 7772 7147

2718 12669 13591 14353 13396

681 2758 2779 2918 2561

1316 3528 3740 3986 3510

2344 7877 8855 8755 8028

6 6 7 6 6

4026 172 170 148 144

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Allemagne

19 69 91 112 103

215 916 959 963 871

666 2130 2106 2093 1950

17202 53460 55199 55304 51047

9187 28820 29113 29479 28163

676 4110 3853 3749 4034

3844 10147 10608 9980 9801

1453 5130 5417 5533 5181

13 36 35 32 43

0 0 0 0 0

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

17 64 87 103 97

207 897 940 949 848

648 1950 1964 1933 1840

16767 51483 53283 53588 49042

8305 27047 27082 27451 26096

619 3765 3445 3326 3601

3605 8804 9445 8949 8864

1413 4951 5235 5318 4956

12 23 29 23 21

... ... ... ... ...

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

223 1584 1714 1730 1597

21 125 120 85 76

21 63 70 57 46

18 148 55 64 45

9 90 93 107 93

19 84 82 132 106

19 40 43 57 48

262 687 610 611 398

0 1 0 0 0

57 4 5 13 233

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Europe du Sud-Est

65 424 444 438 416

78 223 276 206 162

40 823 783 563 450

548 4347 3462 3728 2952

1031 5509 4798 4829 4555

245 2454 1294 1173 1706

118 1301 981 1150 1123

488 1878 2106 1905 1434

1 0 0 10 1

1 49 51 48 36

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Communauté d'Etats Indépendants

38 267 335 338 318

48 76 111 142 112

16 468 449 341 252

378 2887 2595 2812 2244

889 3021 2280 2152 1822

159 1580 682 757 1030

62 784 577 614 638

243 1145 1410 1257 1001

1 0 2000 Fédération de Russie 4/ 0 6 2012 ... 8 2013 9 8 2014 0 6 2015 Voir la fin du tableau pour la remarque générale et les notes.

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2000 Monde 1/ 2012 2013 2014 2015 Économies développées Asie-Pacifique 2/

Japon

Économies développées Europe 2/

Économies développées Amérique du Nord 2/

États-Unis

37

World merchandise exports by provenance and destination (Table D) In million U.S. dollars f.o.b. Developed economies 2/ Économies développées 2/

Exports to

Asia-Pacific Asie-Pacifique

Exports from

Year

World 1/ Monde 1/

Total

North America Amérique du Nord

Europe

Japan Japon

Total

Germany Allemagne

Total

Commonwealth of Independent States Communauté d'Etats Indépendants

U.S.A. É.-U.

Total

Total

Europe

Chemicals (SITC, Rev. 3, 5) [cont.] Northern Africa

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

2349 10870 10658 11150 9075

1095 4093 3938 4677 3328

25 34 18 71 71

2 6 10 5 4

1015 3620 3636 4212 2882

49 68 42 99 66

55 439 284 393 374

54 410 274 373 354

3 47 25 32 24

3 35 18 23 19

Sub-Saharan Africa

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

2847 12034 11954 12092 10082

948 2969 2549 2851 2241

141 597 284 224 169

79 473 103 89 66

446 1380 1406 1682 1263

64 109 152 330 220

361 992 858 946 809

331 960 811 923 790

38 40 46 39 19

38 40 45 37 17

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

2055 7349 6857 7042 5564

874 2312 1757 2074 1495

137 590 281 217 162

79 467 103 84 60

382 933 795 1100 761

57 78 87 281 169

355 788 681 757 572

324 772 660 735 555

1 5 7 6 18

0 5 6 5 17

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

16493 56780 55150 54178 48932

7456 24315 22787 22503 20844

325 930 860 848 766

259 686 564 580 529

2074 8341 7130 7523 6358

315 721 743 798 721

5056 15044 14796 14132 13719

4937 14437 14128 13492 13064

12 74 79 92 71

11 64 73 83 63

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

3565 15004 14268 13221 11440

1471 6816 6148 5290 4530

157 434 328 327 287

141 373 281 278 232

649 2980 2835 2587 2310

152 323 313 304 261

665 3401 2984 2376 1934

641 3315 2898 2287 1859

3 23 26 43 26

3 21 24 41 23

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

45641 232344 243655 259062 238493

11728 63041 62881 69033 64933

4104 21103 19570 20194 18796

3441 16074 15133 15465 14155

4184 22041 23236 26093 24563

868 4118 4201 4703 4364

3439 19897 20075 22746 21574

3221 18565 18696 21228 20161

444 5364 5794 5812 4645

369 4162 4414 4501 3502

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

12098 113522 119566 134486 129617

6060 43570 43841 47728 46108

1714 12106 11424 12338 11957

1493 8894 8422 8918 8421

2570 17083 17573 19127 18429

645 3251 3319 3538 3336

1775 14381 14844 16263 15722

1661 13432 13836 15160 14689

131 3836 4278 4474 3445

93 2942 3238 3474 2580

Southern Asia

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

5011 42498 46689 47395 52171

1852 14909 16982 16178 16717

170 1063 1172 1083 1120

101 636 711 641 646

1149 7132 8408 7743 7543

223 1312 1541 1380 1301

533 6714 7401 7351 8054

481 6261 6943 6977 7664

233 1312 1414 1217 1104

152 916 1018 881 702

South-Eastern Asia

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

21083 108668 106897 111749 98255

6188 31940 26844 28664 26237

2395 11346 11030 11088 9162

1681 7866 7773 7827 6391

2424 15655 10728 11406 11504

199 558 560 613 568

1369 4939 5086 6170 5571

1309 4673 4892 5725 5180

43 333 334 367 285

41 283 292 336 258

Western Asia

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

11146 88534 86696 86486 72596

4687 24324 22584 22981 20606

606 1295 673 1477 1165

361 351 225 674 536

2511 15166 15656 15399 13294

215 881 906 964 790

1570 7863 6256 6106 6146

1514 6313 5091 5913 5951

316 2775 2969 2952 1997

201 1524 1626 1448 880

17 360 458 634 178

3 174 249 338 101

1 142 203 280 93

0 82 113 162 1

2 30 43 55 7

0 24 32 47 0

0 2 2 2 1

0 2 2 2 1

... 0 0 0 0

... 0 0 0 0

South Africa

Latin America and the Caribbean

Brazil

Eastern Asia

China

Oceania

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015 For general note and footnotes see end of table

38

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Les exportations de marchandises du monde par provenance et destination (Tableau D) En millions de dollars E.-U. f.o.b. Exportations vers

SouthEastern Europe Europe du Sud-Est

Northern Africa Afrique septentrionale

Sub-Saharan

Africa Afrique subsaharienne

Latin America and the Caribbean Amérique latine et Caraïbes

Eastern Asia Asie orientale

Southern South-eastern Western Asia Asia Asia Asie Asie du Asie méridionale Sud-Est occidentale

Oceania Océanie

Other 3/ Autres 3/

Exportations en provence de

Année

Produits chimiques (CTCI, Rev. 3, 5)[suite] 9 125 237 181 182

172 792 813 753 617

44 768 760 875 835

118 1365 1414 1078 952

32 186 87 78 75

545 1651 1274 1388 1311

42 147 69 104 103

255 1583 1931 1861 1542

... 0 0 0 0

34 111 109 123 107

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Afrique septentrionale

5 20 18 21 19

9 65 50 38 29

1247 6351 7084 6851 6340

105 425 391 342 166

116 546 430 532 333

233 667 573 504 293

72 511 381 441 360

66 404 411 455 260

0 4 2 3 2

6 31 21 17 20

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Afrique subsaharienne

5 1 1 2 1

9 31 22 21 19

658 3316 3489 3442 2978

101 365 366 277 150

114 399 352 378 283

160 240 289 214 149

70 352 316 363 286

62 303 247 258 172

0 3 1 2 2

1 21 11 7 10

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Afrique du sud

2 30 27 22 29

19 119 114 131 121

147 545 492 521 423

8159 27846 27599 27103 24091

362 2143 2056 2126 1754

66 342 403 416 433

163 591 609 549 521

83 482 618 458 387

0 1 0 0 1

24 292 367 256 258

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Amérique latine et Caraïbes

1 2 3 2 7

10 59 46 50 50

88 334 310 260 229

1693 6345 6202 6021 5115

156 868 821 894 810

21 115 176 204 258

80 196 261 219 193

40 246 270 237 222

0 1 0 0 0

... 0 5 ... ...

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

42 432 451 480 454

205 1883 1985 2265 2138

629 5470 6278 6966 6526

1317 13259 14764 15993 15183

23684 86326 90164 88850 77995

1635 19563 20253 23366 23091

5179 28811 31636 35135 33466

759 8065 9306 10992 9870

17 125 137 156 176

3 5 5 14 15

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

23 304 295 325 299

91 1113 1200 1386 1346

219 3965 4625 5395 5106

511 9461 10708 11947 11621

2632 17086 17610 19272 18146

779 13636 14005 17018 17424

1356 15511 17493 20391 20270

290 4959 5424 6438 5711

6 82 87 112 140

... ... ... ... 0

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

8 137 205 211 211

65 617 702 648 776

352 3532 4475 4410 4362

280 2818 2794 2806 2681

647 5864 5920 8107 10883

492 4118 4597 5056 6979

517 4296 4541 3915 3322

560 4817 4854 4809 5070

4 23 28 27 25

0 56 178 13 40

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Asie méridionale

14 39 41 55 49

55 285 294 325 341

275 1605 1655 1731 1587

232 4720 4051 3376 2840

6051 30034 31612 33402 28252

1229 6955 7475 8164 7075

6583 30382 32238 33129 29341

369 2094 2088 2315 2062

43 243 232 180 149

1 39 32 42 37

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Asie du Sud-est

113 870 872 1012 859

403 3304 3450 4255 3812

284 1944 2052 3884 3045

354 2468 2111 2409 1967

1315 23801 24005 12728 10063

1028 7010 5560 9628 8598

911 3548 2407 8470 6375

1529 10624 11672 17224 14321

0 514 441 9 9

206 7351 8574 933 944

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Asie occidentale

0 0 0 0 0

0 ... ... ... 0

7 13 19 10 3

0 0 0 2 1

0 113 119 186 25

0 1 1 0 0

3 33 43 63 24

... 0 0 0 0

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Brésil

Asie orientale

Chine

4 0 2000 Océanie 25 0 2012 27 0 2013 34 1 2014 23 1 2015 Voir la fin du tableau pour la remarque générale et les notes.

39

World merchandise exports by provenance and destination (Table D) In million U.S. dollars f.o.b. Developed economies 2/ Économies développées 2/

Exports to

Asia-Pacific Asie-Pacifique

Exports from

Year

World 1/ Monde 1/

Total

Total

North America Amérique du Nord

Europe

Japan Japon

Total

Commonwealth of Independent States Communauté d'Etats Indépendants

Germany Allemagne

Total

U.S.A. É.-U.

Total

Europe

Manufactured goods classified chiefly by material (SITC, Rev. 3, 6) World 1/

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

864756 2227966 2273259 2323844 2058516

568529 1187427 1192331 1230003 1086506

40345 97037 94967 97751 85326

31005 65667 62681 64025 56558

366131 801071 806849 823119 709940

71067 155728 157872 161158 138707

162053 289319 290515 309133 291241

130376 231929 234694 252161 239985

10944 80028 82912 74280 52374

8876 58699 59543 52636 34817

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

56349 123177 111365 106747 90860

18597 27405 24183 24479 21129

3849 5947 5331 5669 4155

1803 2058 1738 2388 1459

5456 8622 7665 7069 6418

1114 1418 1265 1264 1116

9292 12837 11187 11742 10556

8625 11844 10400 10977 9859

158 1468 1609 1345 863

116 1280 1358 1117 713

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

46676 105772 94294 89889 77204

13690 20610 17683 17525 15636

850 1735 1580 1347 1100

. . . . .

4552 7206 5891 5693 5036

1022 1349 1181 1203 1068

8288 11669 10212 10485 9501

7686 10737 9478 9792 8841

157 1452 1594 1332 857

115 1268 1346 1107 708

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

389015 815973 832412 835212 710443

325036 626109 632292 643851 551638

7269 10679 10505 10148 8795

4783 5966 5574 5658 4854

285846 571384 579159 586135 499824

59601 122304 125066 127546 108017

31921 44045 42628 47568 43020

29032 39224 38141 42954 38738

4806 24409 25174 21980 15398

4377 22322 22977 19701 12900

France

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

41170 62636 61940 62090 56698

35053 48366 47455 48176 43462

654 1009 869 797 801

444 636 477 473 499

31193 43774 43004 43406 38458

7735 11673 11705 11792 10204

3206 3582 3581 3973 4203

2793 3201 3206 3570 3836

205 809 778 625 1055

180 728 691 542 408

Germany

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

76521 181058 182614 185402 156167

63845 141075 141620 145491 123969

1352 2387 2427 2270 1955

846 1279 1223 1289 1080

56559 127266 127822 131261 111021

. . . . .

5935 11422 11370 11961 10993

5391 10425 10341 10909 10012

1276 6259 5998 5327 3401

1198 5810 5537 4881 3098

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

111271 194111 196400 202869 185804

77888 114123 112562 114858 104899

5107 6671 6453 6313 6021

4208 4187 4135 4046 4001

13229 25694 25147 26911 24193

1973 3861 3529 3896 3892

59552 81758 80963 81633 74685

35016 41676 41870 42702 40200

124 674 742 778 578

99 558 617 652 449

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

71990 141915 144933 150544 137729

40258 67078 66177 67724 61376

4380 5943 5824 5707 5505

3549 3712 3658 3590 3627

11348 21062 21274 23096 21395

1845 3692 3355 3692 3690

24529 40073 39079 38921 34475

. . . . .

112 566 626 686 532

89 462 518 568 407

South-Eastern Europe

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

4672 21808 23028 23108 20693

3293 13889 15014 15638 13932

9 29 37 85 106

7 11 21 66 88

2958 13311 14464 14878 13359

442 2683 3439 2980 2704

327 548 513 675 466

279 440 405 519 425

107 1036 1244 1043 643

89 976 1163 960 596

Commonwealth of Independent States

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

27530 101751 92257 88110 70223

14483 43128 38029 35952 29443

1243 2991 2024 2088 1574

1239 2932 1994 2059 1532

10727 35259 31363 28803 23967

1615 5098 4064 3598 2728

2513 4878 4642 5061 3902

2426 4731 4435 4736 3667

4232 26049 25856 21965 15825

3251 17639 16267 13601 9495

11959 32063 28754 26997 22949

1176 1731 1466 1531 1244

1174 1719 1453 1508 1207

8853 26511 23568 21442 18512

1330 3476 3146 2624 2004

1930 3821 3720 4025 3193

1887 3722 3554 3760 3010

1126 10899 11691 10055 7398

399 5338 5112 4168 2756

Developed Economies Asia-Pacific 2/

Japan

Developed Economies Europe 2/

Developed Economies North America 2/

United States

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015 For general note and footnotes see end of table Russian Federation 4/

40

18349 57214 53831 52753 43494

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Les exportations de marchandises du monde par provenance et destination (Tableau D) En millions de dollars E.-U. f.o.b. Exportations vers

SouthEastern Europe Europe du Sud-Est

Northern Africa Afrique septentrionale

Sub-Saharan

Africa Afrique subsaharienne

Latin America and the Caribbean Amérique latine et Caraïbes

Eastern Asia Asie orientale

Southern South-eastern Western Asia Asia Asia Asie Asie du Asie méridionale Sud-Est occidentale

Oceania Océanie

Other 3/ Autres 3/

Exportations en provence de

Année

Articles manufacturés classés principalement d'après la matière première (CTCI, Rev. 3, 6) 6497 26512 28052 30729 26750

9130 35397 36855 39179 35033

11601 59215 63975 66684 60369

47741 137190 136381 138298 126299

109823 281025 285797 285232 247431

18164 93158 100667 106570 98235

42179 166715 177706 185537 174847

36373 152537 159490 159650 144059

1018 2377 1914 1821 1758

2756 6384 7181 5859 4855

6 81 42 50 52

153 425 427 487 423

545 1323 1477 1180 1031

1540 4192 4173 4222 3882

21930 48794 44258 41173 35153

1109 3644 3291 3411 3552

10186 29622 26733 25038 20514

1524 5495 4532 4799 3770

317 672 594 507 450

285 56 46 55 40

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

6 77 39 46 49

150 359 386 417 409

429 1035 1275 1039 901

1446 3966 4017 4061 3718

19458 44551 39040 36755 30903

961 3279 2959 3027 3129

8894 25073 22914 21062 17965

1421 5259 4296 4566 3582

64 111 91 59 55

... ... ... 0 ...

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

4904 18142 19345 21155 18512

5803 16776 17248 17469 14591

3785 12347 12552 12005 9987

6690 18147 18488 17474 14918

10369 32532 34392 33199 27665

6568 19180 20305 18212 14995

4383 11476 12492 11137 9279

14766 33877 37222 35778 31290

158 323 283 283 231

1746 2654 2619 2668 1936

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

247 887 962 1006 896

1711 2783 2697 2684 2363

670 1502 1426 1576 1379

619 1378 1571 1370 1182

814 2420 2543 2474 2465

243 949 639 625 545

357 733 741 656 674

1144 2619 2934 2687 2487

103 170 172 173 148

4 19 22 38 42

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

France

1158 3712 3892 4514 3914

761 1419 1300 1367 1118

652 1777 1805 1888 1578

1783 4878 4851 4402 3691

2199 9004 9370 9856 8049

610 2609 1963 1835 1663

950 3028 3410 2657 2156

2114 6743 7736 7531 6317

10 23 20 24 19

1163 532 649 510 293

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Allemagne

24 83 95 122 96

187 417 432 462 391

594 1584 1901 2414 1886

21582 42877 44004 45771 43807

5486 15948 16354 17474 15169

517 4595 5790 5658 5841

2135 3834 3983 4023 3603

2709 9908 10475 11276 9492

25 67 60 33 42

0 0 0 0 0

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

20 67 81 105 85

139 358 355 372 342

569 1462 1516 1763 1337

20958 40921 42218 43994 42222

4946 14347 14976 16080 13858

431 3998 5170 5088 5244

1954 3571 3711 3817 3426

2581 9486 10047 10887 9272

24 60 55 29 37

... ... ... ... ...

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

462 3045 3047 2846 2736

83 326 374 410 357

27 57 77 86 83

82 176 192 207 184

64 963 853 701 782

29 122 101 83 62

16 55 95 65 81

492 2134 2007 2023 1827

0 0 0 0 0

16 5 24 6 5

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Europe du Sud-Est

549 1208 1135 1579 1001

670 1482 1857 2612 2270

232 839 800 759 558

540 1109 1161 1964 1455

3148 7698 6497 6287 5095

826 3927 2899 3143 2539

845 1924 1309 820 591

2005 14373 12704 13026 11350

1 10 6 0 0

0 5 3 3 97

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Communauté d'Etats Indépendants

160 386 334 735 383

310 559 549 940 1070

122 175 173 214 180

368 723 896 1692 1236

2218 3293 3141 3319 2558

603 2835 2031 2181 1890

455 1043 671 483 364

1027 5226 5584 6133 5370

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2000 Monde 1/ 2012 2013 2014 2015 Économies développées Asie-Pacifique 2/

Japon

Économies développées Europe 2/

Économies développées Amérique du Nord 2/

États-Unis

... 0 2000 Fédération de Russie 4/ 8 4 2012 6 2 2013 0 2 2014 0 96 2015 Voir la fin du tableau pour la remarque générale et les notes.

41

World merchandise exports by provenance and destination (Table D) In million U.S. dollars f.o.b. Developed economies 2/ Économies développées 2/

Exports to

Asia-Pacific Asie-Pacifique

Exports from

Year

World 1/ Monde 1/

Total

North America Amérique du Nord

Europe

Japan Japon

Total

Total

Commonwealth of Independent States Communauté d'Etats Indépendants

Germany Allemagne

U.S.A. É.-U.

Total

Total

Europe

Manufactured goods classified chiefly by material (SITC, Rev. 3, 6) [cont.] Northern Africa

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

1898 8796 8805 8164 6993

1326 3623 3594 3603 3090

21 31 30 32 31

18 20 19 19 17

1193 3197 3191 3197 2681

68 250 225 234 186

112 396 372 374 379

104 367 346 334 341

8 68 42 41 25

1 59 35 36 23

Sub-Saharan Africa

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

14280 51384 53012 54870 45997

9998 26925 27048 25850 21105

787 3605 3730 3546 3180

671 3431 3600 3064 2813

8133 19925 20182 18684 14535

262 1230 1187 1146 1139

1079 3395 3136 3620 3391

980 3307 3055 3205 3019

7 35 46 41 31

7 34 41 38 28

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

7487 23585 23644 22679 18016

4495 12985 12913 11779 9639

649 3466 3444 2856 2571

539 3309 3322 2729 2462

2888 6571 6745 6269 4699

176 1064 984 1013 1035

958 2947 2724 2654 2369

862 2864 2675 2582 2313

2 33 41 37 27

2 31 38 36 26

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

41952 107721 102812 102993 90144

27454 54746 51814 53909 47247

1553 2955 2221 2484 1534

1438 1698 1445 1598 1190

6816 14182 12254 13244 10890

560 1386 944 1210 1084

19085 37609 37339 38182 34823

18487 36175 35948 36714 33395

15 165 173 169 123

13 111 130 93 83

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

11043 26626 24903 26579 24877

6548 12969 12045 13898 12526

666 1057 988 1024 791

612 958 920 947 721

2768 5238 4603 5548 5414

273 842 460 680 618

3114 6674 6455 7325 6321

2909 6416 6275 7112 6089

5 40 78 63 63

5 38 73 38 61

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

132034 502331 524944 572050 543492

46467 173731 173483 189855 183845

12333 42296 40186 41572 38216

10253 31169 28613 29576 26289

13552 62527 62127 68786 64367

2451 10325 10577 11561 10974

20582 68908 71170 79498 81262

18744 61413 63695 71371 73322

644 18645 20515 19652 13610

460 11691 12839 12832 8305

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

42546 334162 361782 401765 393490

19264 122405 125175 135926 136280

5932 27203 26382 27267 25593

5145 18747 17859 18566 16636

6238 46115 46924 52417 50873

1178 8275 8448 9257 8969

7093 49088 51870 56242 59814

6500 43273 45989 49869 53520

332 16726 18452 17609 11815

189 10167 11265 11306 6980

Southern Asia

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

24537 86340 102507 94260 87717

13671 31723 37253 36691 34965

1221 2197 2311 2119 2011

881 1081 1202 1106 972

6258 15195 17655 17885 16391

1141 2451 2692 2569 2387

6192 14330 17287 16688 16562

5799 13507 16376 15830 15805

248 1022 1087 991 817

135 598 697 644 392

South-Eastern Asia

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

34735 105266 110722 117358 104848

14653 33291 35287 37597 34986

6032 16809 18686 19011 17893

4932 12381 13629 13310 12350

4461 8361 8232 9409 8172

660 1413 1471 1436 1293

4161 8121 8369 9177 8921

3876 7567 7840 8570 8343

30 375 396 446 314

22 316 315 336 266

Western Asia

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

25804 106961 112257 114072 100277

15276 36847 39433 44368 39729

739 1197 1381 1683 1509

616 579 574 1001 888

7349 23220 25207 27860 25019

1174 3309 3414 3716 3186

7188 12430 12845 14825 13201

6956 11613 12118 14158 12796

564 6082 6026 5830 4147

305 3115 3104 2626 1567

387 1888 2338 3351 498

183 1631 2069 3002 302

155 153 136 136 107

153 194 203 258 123

7 0 0 0 0

51 63 65 91 74

50 63 65 91 73

0 ... 0 0 0

0 ... 0 0 0

South Africa

Latin America and the Caribbean

Brazil

Eastern Asia

China

Oceania

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015 For general note and footnotes see end of table

42

679 2346 2738 4031 1026

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Les exportations de marchandises du monde par provenance et destination (Tableau D) En millions de dollars E.-U. f.o.b. Exportations vers

SouthEastern Europe Europe du Sud-Est

Northern Africa Afrique septentrionale

Sub-Saharan

Africa Afrique subsaharienne

Latin America and the Caribbean Amérique latine et Caraïbes

Eastern Asia Asie orientale

Southern South-eastern Western Asia Asia Asia Asie Asie du Asie méridionale Sud-Est occidentale

Oceania Océanie

Other 3/ Autres 3/

Exportations en provence de

Année

Articles manufacturés classés principalement d'après la matière première (CTCI, Rev. 3, 6)[suite] 2 38 36 32 36

208 1578 1556 1409 1091

62 726 729 674 648

15 82 108 86 68

40 232 191 204 151

5 125 97 120 116

18 61 22 40 69

167 2174 2330 1855 1617

0 1 0 1 0

47 87 101 99 83

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Afrique septentrionale

4 62 68 76 67

23 126 79 72 75

1744 10458 11116 12107 9562

338 573 405 324 288

1023 7596 7419 7303 7149

157 838 969 1969 1891

390 742 1043 1737 1358

582 3722 4508 5068 4279

1 28 21 4 7

14 279 290 320 185

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Afrique subsaharienne

3 3 8 16 9

10 20 19 20 13

819 5380 5242 5439 4010

295 495 362 304 238

947 2735 3213 3231 2670

114 341 282 279 281

317 556 612 508 406

483 988 913 1041 709

1 24 19 2 5

2 26 17 24 9

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Afrique du sud

2 35 61 72 38

110 223 204 184 329

254 692 950 858 805

10516 29222 27999 26104 22696

2518 18802 17781 17579 15467

113 418 378 453 419

462 2169 1844 2173 1777

461 1174 1336 1439 1177

2 8 4 6 9

45 67 270 48 56

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Amérique latine et Caraïbes

1 12 18 16 16

69 69 78 97 165

138 446 520 555 546

3135 8766 7882 7239 6877

666 2604 2875 2685 2684

47 224 122 219 254

255 1182 952 1200 1000

179 309 330 604 743

1 4 3 4 3

... 0 0 ... ...

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

153 1313 1444 1684 1517

769 6874 7269 8286 8579

2159 20836 23367 25933 26502

5196 33430 32235 33922 32198

52188 99635 100988 103736 91813

5025 34382 37810 45912 43241

13626 77214 88931 100804 101097

5344 35719 38357 41663 40377

374 539 535 589 697

90 14 9 14 17

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

68 1081 1218 1360 1226

375 6083 6572 7463 7827

1160 19353 21833 24191 24956

1430 27177 26266 27998 26841

13538 46295 49032 53299 48022

1247 21753 24877 31514 31896

3224 47582 59667 71078 73641

1881 25295 28291 30877 30429

28 412 398 450 558

... ... ... ... 1

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

12 190 219 339 206

251 1280 1307 1372 1119

1016 4318 5069 4782 4009

435 3097 3442 3828 3053

3964 17408 21491 19031 17003

991 7146 7859 7982 7403

1173 4644 6360 5236 5318

2763 15098 17952 13860 13650

10 36 30 38 23

3 379 438 110 153

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Asie méridionale

11 71 87 107 101

247 932 837 826 767

670 2045 2253 2125 1817

605 2481 2478 2666 2415

6881 20961 23844 27162 22253

1588 5997 6585 7239 6910

8241 32585 32776 32165 29021

1690 5828 5767 6608 5845

115 616 308 293 250

1 86 103 124 169

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Asie du Sud-est

365 2247 2473 2667 2387

626 4959 5265 5589 5042

499 3952 3630 3719 3446

193 1805 1692 1727 1333

1968 10113 11480 10854 9305

1231 12762 14550 12370 11246

702 2374 2100 2277 2135

3870 23033 22299 22249 19380

0 35 31 11 12

508 2751 3278 2411 2114

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Asie occidentale

1 0 0 0 0

0 0 ... 0 0

14 39 54 43 34

9 0 2 3 2

245 343 250 528 425

5 20 33 19 21

2 14 16 23 4

0 1 2 6 4

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Brésil

Asie orientale

Chine

14 1 2000 Océanie 41 0 2012 42 0 2013 57 1 2014 36 1 2015 Voir la fin du tableau pour la remarque générale et les notes.

43

World merchandise exports by provenance and destination (Table D) In million U.S. dollars f.o.b. Developed economies 2/ Économies développées 2/

Exports to

Asia-Pacific Asie-Pacifique

Exports from

Year

World 1/ Monde 1/

Total

North America Amérique du Nord

Europe

Japan Japon

Total

Total

Commonwealth of Independent States Communauté d'Etats Indépendants

Germany Allemagne

Total

U.S.A. É.-U.

Total

Europe

Machinery and transport equipment (SITC, Rev. 3, 7) World 1/

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

2619162 5863018 6073452 6263080 5941076

1799360 3011108 3089009 3264528 3102078

137031 276212 269179 270986 254887

102485 172532 173966 178464 166329

985974 1700256 1759098 1866139 1730075

188838 375962 383484 411833 377405

676356 1034639 1060732 1127404 1117116

554574 854271 880837 944664 945507

19729 208029 204432 176379 115780

15833 173692 167372 140148 88941

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

338298 492813 430090 415926 381324

189906 188957 172130 167670 159031

9501 18499 15489 14257 12568

291 225 204 193 209

63126 54595 47968 48809 45073

14800 13523 12058 12144 10363

117279 115864 108673 104605 101390

110881 107338 101536 97944 95050

536 12423 10662 9074 4705

422 11279 9553 7848 4133

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

329680 476231 414378 400127 366811

185109 181269 164643 159755 151816

7675 15212 12381 11059 9721

. . . . .

61931 53111 46456 47084 43649

14533 13249 11812 11900 10123

115503 112945 105806 101612 98446

109214 104736 98909 95220 92309

526 12354 10583 9011 4661

414 11228 9501 7806 4109

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

1019028 2059897 2148745 2233922 2054719

835584 1422775 1486378 1576744 1462072

24276 51130 51516 50160 44219

16826 25924 27015 27638 23821

697327 1194016 1247515 1322136 1207067

127649 257306 267731 287871 258575

113981 177628 187347 204448 210786

104692 160563 169904 185776 191535

11248 103961 101903 84319 52250

9772 94816 91590 74540 45069

France

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

132952 214196 216670 217572 239121

103387 137648 142086 145586 142665

1699 4646 4757 5133 4378

1089 2308 2583 3043 2030

86545 117354 120385 123041 115369

19223 45484 45840 46581 40260

15143 15648 16944 17412 22918

14101 14624 15750 16134 20615

962 7748 6247 5484 4859

653 7052 5113 4488 4191

Germany

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

272345 669188 685121 711427 639034

223326 440127 451478 476324 440262

8768 20933 20960 19523 16226

6855 12240 12898 12376 10001

175308 343644 350066 372205 338117

. . . . .

39250 75550 80452 84596 85919

37072 68039 72889 77505 78458

4105 36844 35772 26929 15808

3664 33770 32333 24038 13966

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

523642 651948 649387 671070 643672

335335 336488 326321 337566 326497

36797 34155 28689 29186 29164

28252 15699 14735 15124 15206

99424 78588 76668 82831 82781

18364 19928 18351 19076 19736

199113 223745 220964 225549 214552

101673 97842 95424 98359 97939

1535 8094 8201 7588 4123

1086 6672 6623 5990 3247

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

412200 532526 533880 552090 526393

227821 229646 222984 230615 220381

35994 32613 27345 27865 27894

27866 15149 14238 14610 14693

94397 71152 70117 75582 75884

17580 18592 17235 18105 18705

97431 125881 125522 127168 116603

. . . . .

1458 7138 7306 6890 3685

1018 5884 5897 5435 2913

South-Eastern Europe

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

2785 31144 38264 40805 37616

2115 23552 29053 31779 29743

3 55 60 70 73

0 20 29 32 36

2009 22900 28002 30796 28841

521 8188 9704 11192 10398

103 596 991 912 829

93 550 944 861 781

83 1846 2278 2286 1419

72 1604 2086 2082 1273

Commonwealth of Independent States

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

10405 43083 42250 37043 29859

3201 7056 7296 8586 8296

38 353 267 92 415

34 313 247 82 405

2870 6121 6525 8010 7082

479 1190 1229 3337 2398

293 582 505 484 799

271 540 481 448 775

4444 28425 26750 20955 14029

3311 19954 17827 12483 8385

6422 18478 21365 20107 18509

2634 3576 4413 5607 6176

35 324 249 84 408

34 308 246 81 404

2410 2878 3787 5153 5035

387 515 709 2769 1995

189 374 376 370 733

179 349 360 344 716

1573 9528 11096 9082 6351

749 4566 5168 3465 2610

Developed Economies Asia-Pacific 2/

Japan

Developed Economies Europe 2/

Developed Economies North America 2/

United States

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015 For general note and footnotes see end of table Russian Federation 4/

44

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Les exportations de marchandises du monde par provenance et destination (Tableau D) En millions de dollars E.-U. f.o.b. Exportations vers

SouthEastern Europe Europe du Sud-Est

Northern Africa Afrique septentrionale

Sub-Saharan

Africa Afrique subsaharienne

Latin America and the Caribbean Amérique latine et Caraïbes

Eastern Asia Asie orientale

Southern South-eastern Western Asia Asia Asia Asie Asie du Asie méridionale Sud-Est occidentale

Oceania Océanie

Other 3/ Autres 3/

Exportations en provence de

Année

Machines et matériel de transport (CTCI, Rev. 3, 7) 7389 37984 41689 46198 42365

17519 60047 61975 66388 61979

28905 124139 133818 129368 118245

158680 414009 426815 406299 387822

287505 1122953 1208126 1227674 1172193

22810 123698 119149 129882 131987

198726 451077 453437 458941 444457

71362 286922 306956 326586 324648

2013 13687 16170 17239 19534

5163 9365 11875 13597 19990

76 348 319 378 332

919 2499 1710 1727 1351

3093 8697 7391 6641 5354

17123 32937 27500 24552 20634

67403 135948 118547 115595 104668

2899 8372 6092 6565 6906

46357 73948 59601 55462 50635

8977 24659 23284 25431 24530

622 3998 2822 2762 3043

389 26 36 69 136

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

74 321 293 338 303

909 2457 1667 1688 1313

2942 7984 6830 6197 4959

16949 32414 27085 24121 20344

66606 134182 116889 113966 103280

2790 8139 5913 6403 6733

45359 71889 57656 53474 48692

8114 22832 21356 23543 22639

304 2391 1462 1630 2073

0 ... ... ... 0

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

6113 29776 32945 36242 33244

11744 30058 33196 33655 32386

15238 39972 41737 40661 37123

29109 73124 76737 71288 71646

38549 161971 170048 185157 154814

8198 27397 24750 25233 25657

22947 56402 56409 55194 48692

36131 109251 119743 120175 127201

553 1795 2232 2617 2637

3614 3415 2668 2637 6997

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

536 2537 2817 2935 2530

4200 8201 8173 7430 10458

4160 5240 5428 5399 6562

4149 8126 8814 6985 14994

5250 18303 16874 18600 19019

1384 2937 2528 2669 4043

2817 10984 11573 10244 9240

5172 11466 11029 11410 20566

337 558 977 647 1325

600 449 124 182 2860

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

France

1738 8968 9232 10701 10266

1857 5425 5842 6321 5578

3307 10476 10790 10645 9646

7626 24003 24217 22635 20101

12322 78725 81504 91845 74211

1917 9693 8924 8660 8060

5981 17680 17118 17362 14953

9509 36872 39737 39079 39341

102 340 304 854 734

555 34 203 72 73

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Allemagne

266 574 698 791 649

2440 3202 3449 4686 3458

3057 10749 10635 10482 7922

84855 150453 153823 155240 152123

48797 67191 74177 80898 77684

2259 6552 6961 6783 5900

32401 31754 29817 30427 29266

12524 36363 35070 36394 35803

171 520 234 215 248

1 8 1 1 1

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

244 494 613 715 592

2348 2938 3120 4470 3261

2934 9664 9786 9559 7129

83422 146566 149945 151985 148894

47397 64611 71269 77818 74851

2166 5960 6539 6416 5438

32085 30359 28479 29007 27924

12159 34667 33642 34434 34027

164 484 197 181 211

1 ... ... ... ...

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

193 1346 1649 1753 1658

70 797 823 940 841

20 403 321 368 318

25 430 983 757 470

35 651 709 776 676

42 409 352 301 363

17 136 187 177 168

154 1490 1864 1657 1654

0 83 42 11 305

30 2 3 2 1

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Europe du Sud-Est

197 869 800 690 695

155 566 496 690 930

103 231 223 258 208

138 864 982 641 507

841 1673 2283 2535 2491

677 2206 1870 1668 1342

146 595 881 340 629

496 589 657 676 715

1 7 11 3 16

6 2 1 1 1

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Communauté d'Etats Indépendants

165 453 394 305 331

100 460 389 543 823

84 113 92 118 147

117 549 747 425 365

765 1441 1720 2103 2189

568 1618 1448 1296 1073

115 508 717 239 572

294 231 338 388 466

1 6 2000 Fédération de Russie 4/ 2 1 2012 10 0 2013 2 0 2014 16 0 2015 Voir la fin du tableau pour la remarque générale et les notes.

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2000 Monde 1/ 2012 2013 2014 2015 Économies développées Asie-Pacifique 2/

Japon

Économies développées Europe 2/

Économies développées Amérique du Nord 2/

États-Unis

45

World merchandise exports by provenance and destination (Table D) In million U.S. dollars f.o.b. Developed economies 2/ Économies développées 2/

Exports to

Asia-Pacific Asie-Pacifique

Exports from

Year

World 1/ Monde 1/

Total

North America Amérique du Nord

Europe

Japan Japon

Total

Germany Allemagne

Total

Commonwealth of Independent States Communauté d'Etats Indépendants

U.S.A. É.-U.

Total

Total

Europe

Machinery and transport equipment (SITC, Rev. 3, 7)cont.] Northern Africa

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

1754 11153 12560 14624 13285

1566 8632 9746 10969 10108

1 86 52 53 46

1 79 49 48 45

1559 8316 9441 10649 9815

277 1016 1183 1267 1100

6 230 253 267 246

5 224 251 256 235

1 27 33 47 32

1 9 28 36 27

Sub-Saharan Africa

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

5313 28923 31198 29923 27572

3395 10660 9307 11990 11935

404 934 998 1133 869

155 412 553 626 545

2349 6381 5567 8531 9211

969 2183 2068 2169 2196

642 3346 2741 2327 1854

609 3135 2631 2123 1667

15 201 178 118 53

14 171 147 105 41

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

4570 19088 17873 18693 15598

3150 8360 7690 8368 7917

390 892 940 1106 851

143 395 539 610 540

2156 4473 4362 5170 5476

950 2106 1999 2122 2151

604 2995 2387 2093 1591

577 2823 2311 1904 1419

14 188 159 100 26

14 160 129 90 17

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

122218 264067 281720 287504 283585

108761 201072 213910 232120 237235

764 2177 2284 2312 1946

615 1203 1085 1301 991

6613 16685 16818 13418 13374

1779 5780 4519 3809 3911

101384 182211 194808 216390 221916

98502 175164 188015 208850 213771

19 782 819 480 213

18 645 585 422 198

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

15416 38251 44217 33089 31266

8675 12475 14272 12818 12155

358 319 435 403 315

290 135 249 262 198

3065 6599 8053 5130 4053

497 1514 1173 880 829

5252 5557 5784 7286 7787

5157 5289 5527 7031 7499

3 435 441 237 39

3 327 226 191 33

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

347610 1671067 1784500 1856480 1820938

188128 615849 623865 667359 642032

37113 118498 118253 120386 114171

32789 93313 94235 96306 89880

64660 226120 223738 239780 228876

14462 46842 45126 48147 46277

86355 271230 281874 307194 298986

82182 252965 262763 287579 280717

1052 42156 42454 40671 30475

698 32627 32497 30838 22348

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

82600 965289 1039527 1071841 1067094

46255 426072 431489 463617 444432

10601 79268 81346 83312 77339

9716 62662 65041 66585 60447

16464 159779 155907 168765 159706

3921 33007 30957 33904 32303

19191 187026 194236 211540 207387

18323 176118 183018 199913 196562

325 27721 27873 27514 18813

217 20981 21045 20702 13337

Southern Asia

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

3620 42021 48153 50104 45034

1639 14328 15402 15225 15225

150 988 1122 1066 1252

103 481 614 588 885

956 8653 9292 8743 8490

203 1604 1685 1559 1542

532 4687 4988 5416 5483

511 4492 4769 5211 5200

71 973 881 763 559

33 728 704 616 417

South-Eastern Asia

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

225601 449603 470298 482703 465486

118448 144968 154513 160651 157830

27613 48242 49401 51242 49299

23210 34475 34811 36199 33963

38204 49891 55432 57477 55751

7472 12607 13731 14107 14408

52631 46835 49680 51932 52780

51246 44775 46965 49722 50698

145 2685 3081 3147 2888

131 2429 2620 2524 2167

Western Asia

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

18734 116997 135930 142445 137744

11177 36584 40877 43628 41969

342 967 897 837 812

205 387 387 326 343

6817 27967 32106 34942 33678

1835 5796 6098 7152 6499

4018 7650 7875 7850 7480

3892 6651 7124 7507 7125

570 6457 7193 6932 5034

265 2758 3112 2662 1634

106 187 210 241 105

30 128 152 192 52

4 1 1 1 0

59 26 25 19 36

28 0 1 0 0

18 34 33 30 17

17 33 32 27 16

10 0 0 0 0

10 0 0 0 0

South Africa

Latin America and the Caribbean

Brazil

Eastern Asia

China

Oceania

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015 For general note and footnotes see end of table

46

154 302 357 531 244

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Les exportations de marchandises du monde par provenance et destination (Tableau D) En millions de dollars E.-U. f.o.b. Exportations vers

SouthEastern Europe Europe du Sud-Est

Northern Africa Afrique septentrionale

Sub-Saharan

Africa Afrique subsaharienne

Latin America and the Caribbean Amérique latine et Caraïbes

Eastern Asia Asie orientale

Southern South-eastern Western Asia Asia Asia Asie Asie du Asie méridionale Sud-Est occidentale

Oceania Océanie

Other 3/ Autres 3/

Exportations en provence de

Année

Machines et matériel de transport (CTCI, Rev. 3, 7)[suite] 0 126 160 189 172

62 696 710 683 507

28 334 357 446 438

0 20 23 22 21

1 41 24 33 31

3 15 27 65 31

1 296 294 299 305

65 778 998 1689 1487

0 1 1 1 1

26 187 186 182 153

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Afrique septentrionale

4 47 42 44 36

25 954 425 232 124

1374 14726 18282 12952 11253

92 524 500 818 706

140 518 646 1103 635

40 288 239 222 343

118 340 433 901 950

98 531 626 1040 937

3 37 443 463 565

8 98 78 40 35

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Afrique subsaharienne

4 27 21 19 12

21 417 408 187 83

967 8451 7809 8066 5970

88 445 417 385 411

136 400 523 366 217

25 211 164 186 140

96 247 277 428 338

65 261 376 560 463

2 5 3 3 2

2 78 25 25 18

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Afrique du sud

3 236 76 110 96

47 229 220 452 251

290 1983 1878 1566 1427

11636 49545 55227 41785 35230

632 5242 5596 5835 4805

99 692 612 565 565

526 2621 1889 2855 2251

174 1607 1333 1676 1383

1 14 10 8 18

30 45 150 52 111

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Amérique latine et Caraïbes

1 137 22 17 13

41 148 182 392 198

254 1544 1477 1101 889

6013 19694 25658 15466 14504

131 1510 988 676 1417

70 372 233 247 234

97 1283 588 1580 1411

130 646 346 552 393

1 8 6 3 12

... 0 3 ... 0

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

234 2795 2948 3676 3478

1157 11765 11301 13426 13393

3450 31072 35158 37161 37245

11495 89714 91472 92359 88043

92408 604304 682508 678235 676161

4161 49229 48023 55163 59279

37353 158080 174525 188150 191766

7456 59726 62643 70221 67323

528 6360 9567 10015 11650

188 16 35 43 94

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

39 2097 2155 2654 2513

283 7307 7574 8734 8856

1034 22619 25174 27596 27524

2120 58353 59245 59661 56929

21483 266916 317400 294623 308619

1303 34676 34170 39931 43175

7934 84396 96227 104657 112235

1814 32947 36382 41345 40094

10 2185 1838 1509 3846

... ... ... ... 59

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

3 144 131 275 126

69 1660 1563 1309 1078

318 4741 5394 5669 4515

125 2600 3332 3455 3563

154 1585 2032 2169 1775

336 3039 4309 6250 5211

455 5934 6324 5793 5406

448 6893 8499 9162 7401

1 23 28 33 129

1 101 257 2 44

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Asie méridionale

31 285 326 380 404

254 1694 1938 2067 1659

1347 4787 5459 4769 4461

3706 11568 13427 13006 13289

37740 134569 139872 149007 141842

3156 14347 13433 13468 13644

57969 117581 118739 115114 109211

2659 16261 18749 20038 19249

114 737 641 830 780

32 124 121 226 229

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Asie du Sud-est

268 1437 1595 1670 1476

575 5927 6145 6522 6001

587 6432 6975 8368 7962

375 2229 2802 2364 1582

803 9248 11666 6282 6592

941 11150 12479 13593 12733

422 3334 4265 4110 5153

2180 28774 33487 38425 36962

7 84 108 209 92

829 5342 8338 10341 12187

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Asie occidentale

0 0 0 0 0

... 0 0 0 0

1 11 10 27 19

1 4 7 12 7

2 12 20 52 20

0 1 1 6 15

13 57 73 117 25

0 1 2 3 2

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Brésil

Asie orientale

Chine

13 10 2000 Océanie 28 0 2012 32 1 2013 72 1 2014 50 1 2015 Voir la fin du tableau pour la remarque générale et les notes.

47

World merchandise exports by provenance and destination (Table D) In million U.S. dollars f.o.b. Developed economies 2/ Économies développées 2/

Exports to

Asia-Pacific Asie-Pacifique

Exports from

Year

World 1/ Monde 1/

Total

North America Amérique du Nord

Europe

Japan Japon

Total

Total

Commonwealth of Independent States Communauté d'Etats Indépendants

Germany Allemagne

Total

U.S.A. É.-U.

Total

Europe

Miscellaneous manufactured articles (SITC, Rev. 3, 8) World 1/

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

777143 1982372 2079421 2186949 2083734

591603 1218836 1276831 1339103 1315241

64445 132218 130049 127920 121475

53830 99900 96842 93699 87671

316465 720288 763013 811632 770543

67232 140181 147412 155324 144837

210692 366330 383769 399550 423224

183886 314144 330648 346575 371992

9403 65020 73535 72822 49389

8001 49566 56708 54329 36033

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

46250 70374 62263 62176 55903

23611 25012 23042 23138 21585

1476 2734 2594 2558 2548

127 204 174 183 178

8212 10234 9165 9635 8353

2530 3213 2932 2874 2416

13923 12044 11283 10945 10684

13423 11431 10791 10474 10200

60 323 348 303 195

51 296 333 283 183

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

43292 63824 55894 55789 49769

21705 20268 18425 18481 17237

525 684 625 539 727

. . . . .

7829 8841 7872 8378 7237

2456 2942 2701 2686 2238

13351 10742 9927 9564 9273

12873 10227 9533 9197 8884

58 305 323 290 183

49 280 309 275 175

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

288632 658662 705048 741140 698303

246097 510051 544793 576608 543315

10521 20510 20248 20716 20095

8421 14380 14040 14365 14198

201318 433139 464256 491461 451858

41326 79193 85780 92493 83878

34258 56402 60289 64431 71362

31916 51999 55836 59744 66793

4596 26424 27995 24530 16504

4268 23413 25036 21767 13945

France

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

28497 60025 63882 65520 83080

23630 45858 48785 50060 60229

1558 2229 2143 2192 3243

1416 1880 1780 1810 2816

19052 38760 40918 42554 44380

3940 7356 7729 7914 6985

3020 4869 5724 5313 12607

2668 4299 5175 4721 11878

226 1281 1253 1171 1459

204 1093 1083 966 1317

Germany

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

51366 142204 149119 154704 136422

43807 108704 114133 119739 105984

1667 3863 3917 3932 3548

1311 2703 2744 2753 2404

37120 93562 98344 103637 91066

. . . . .

5020 11279 11872 12170 11370

4704 10427 10981 11291 10551

988 7107 7013 5852 3694

898 6527 6377 5242 3221

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

111719 171706 176013 181704 180578

73198 103560 104460 107538 105444

11745 14953 14582 14076 13319

9882 10790 10534 9967 9533

26291 42143 43619 46690 46342

4281 6775 7038 7412 7366

35162 46463 46259 46772 45783

16857 15443 15248 15687 17253

271 1096 1242 1234 993

219 918 1071 1029 791

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

93184 151590 156292 161371 159067

55116 85882 86963 89602 86070

11494 14495 14143 13647 12926

9680 10567 10309 9742 9322

25322 40381 41826 44886 44625

4102 6505 6795 7166 7153

18299 31006 30995 31070 28518

. . . . .

237 969 1104 1138 939

190 814 953 949 754

South-Eastern Europe

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

5919 16069 17751 19042 16990

5677 14269 15630 16873 15068

9 26 30 39 39

6 20 20 25 25

5347 14000 15301 16534 14714

1365 3336 3642 3724 3389

322 244 298 300 314

303 219 275 274 283

70 544 669 588 360

60 508 628 533 317

Commonwealth of Independent States

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

3707 11152 12138 12357 10364

1869 3450 3115 3619 2680

6 100 162 242 138

6 96 158 238 134

1486 2914 2520 2805 2281

462 1362 788 781 639

377 436 432 572 261

366 416 416 549 250

874 5873 6427 6206 4551

707 4269 4551 4198 3069

2063 4855 5830 6238 5737

973 1522 1507 1886 1302

5 85 157 237 135

5 84 155 235 132

735 1038 961 1174 974

130 517 371 359 319

233 398 389 475 194

228 382 379 461 188

223 1860 2126 2247 1638

87 864 955 918 651

Developed Economies Asia-Pacific 2/

Japan

Developed Economies Europe 2/

Developed Economies North America 2/

United States

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015 For general note and footnotes see end of table Russian Federation 4/

48

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Les exportations de marchandises du monde par provenance et destination (Tableau D) En millions de dollars E.-U. f.o.b. Exportations vers

SouthEastern Europe Europe du Sud-Est

Northern Africa Afrique septentrionale

Sub-Saharan

Africa Afrique subsaharienne

Latin America and the Caribbean Amérique latine et Caraïbes

Eastern Asia Asie orientale

Southern South-eastern Western Asia Asia Asia Asie Asie du Asie méridionale Sud-Est occidentale

Oceania Océanie

Other 3/ Autres 3/

Exportations en provence de

Année

Articles manifacturés divers (CTCI, Rev. 3, 8) 3356 11563 12537 14113 13003

4479 14318 15527 16445 17931

6415 34250 35280 41162 43693

39226 97897 95943 96721 95584

70778 301496 313874 329283 282736

4456 36746 35680 39313 37624

24515 94426 107370 114019 108762

20227 103391 107784 118181 114541

620 1493 1448 1399 1330

2065 2936 3612 4389 3900

14 20 16 20 22

52 90 79 87 69

174 291 242 228 201

802 2416 1621 1602 1234

15385 30955 27279 27424 24214

388 1021 840 752 752

4933 9083 7659 7506 6654

577 838 780 812 703

118 314 341 283 252

133 10 17 20 22

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

12 18 14 18 19

51 85 72 81 64

135 184 152 153 135

765 2305 1519 1490 1120

14980 30404 26801 26909 23573

343 903 716 666 677

4673 8589 7188 6994 6158

551 751 671 694 591

20 14 13 11 10

... ... ... 0 ...

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

2800 8195 9013 10011 9064

2669 5472 6143 6233 6382

2338 6872 7279 7446 9777

5393 13077 13577 13694 13226

9423 42438 45867 49912 47438

1359 6066 5496 5449 5425

3371 10297 11341 11885 12118

8797 28880 32192 34079 33497

208 344 348 380 347

1581 545 1003 912 1211

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

184 456 505 536 431

765 1513 1604 1646 2345

524 1109 1100 1097 4293

431 1097 1137 1045 1489

1157 4428 4742 5013 5062

181 481 482 499 873

296 1097 1306 1384 1848

967 2382 2603 2686 4388

132 259 266 289 267

4 65 100 93 395

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

France

366 1593 1761 2031 1799

283 780 774 827 695

418 1303 1298 1304 1192

1004 3074 3391 3233 2937

1617 10367 11224 11887 10995

294 1649 1521 1550 1512

717 2185 2233 2434 2365

1320 5368 5677 5820 5220

6 12 16 11 10

546 61 79 16 17

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Allemagne

35 148 172 184 160

510 524 475 538 581

453 1291 1334 1375 1154

21696 28080 28944 30309 30015

8327 20564 21553 23452 25278

463 2413 2651 2286 2364

4596 6481 6895 6797 6803

2133 7480 8223 7919 7735

38 71 63 72 49

0 0 0 0 0

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

33 133 156 168 145

502 496 435 502 533

434 1195 1236 1295 1077

21555 27518 28418 29706 29462

8197 19925 20863 22676 24562

450 2330 2563 2214 2282

4561 6282 6661 6579 6594

2062 6796 7836 7422 7357

37 64 58 68 45

... ... ... ... ...

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

125 756 874 906 859

2 52 90 97 79

4 15 24 28 30

2 41 50 59 79

2 78 76 115 126

1 45 35 44 36

0 27 23 29 30

31 240 278 298 320

0 1 0 0 0

3 3 2 4 4

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Europe du Sud-Est

19 164 177 195 145

18 66 37 59 737

30 43 92 56 132

20 109 89 53 69

503 548 607 658 473

223 475 470 561 776

31 144 369 178 245

118 267 740 756 546

0 0 1 0 0

0 13 14 15 10

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Communauté d'Etats Indépendants

11 15 30 21 17

9 61 30 53 733

23 32 78 41 115

12 98 78 43 64

492 514 553 611 442

213 427 429 536 755

29 134 357 167 236

76 186 636 625 430

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2000 Monde 1/ 2012 2013 2014 2015 Économies développées Asie-Pacifique 2/

Japon

Économies développées Europe 2/

Économies développées Amérique du Nord 2/

États-Unis

0 0 2000 Fédération de Russie 4/ 0 6 2012 0 7 2013 0 7 2014 0 4 2015 Voir la fin du tableau pour la remarque générale et les notes.

49

World merchandise exports by provenance and destination (Table D) In million U.S. dollars f.o.b. Developed economies 2/ Économies développées 2/

Exports to

Asia-Pacific Asie-Pacifique

Exports from

Year

World 1/ Monde 1/

Total

North America Amérique du Nord

Europe

Japan Japon

Total

Total

Commonwealth of Independent States Communauté d'Etats Indépendants

Germany Allemagne

U.S.A. É.-U.

Total

Total

Europe

Miscellaneous manufactured articles (SITC, Rev. 3, 8)[cont.] Northern Africa

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

6113 10149 10354 10420 9695

5902 8920 8934 9050 8395

6 13 14 12 17

5 7 9 7 12

5598 8128 8114 8246 7506

719 852 924 822 723

297 779 806 792 872

290 758 788 772 853

0 11 14 13 11

0 9 12 11 10

Sub-Saharan Africa

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

3655 7661 8117 10033 9370

2664 3012 3350 4822 4686

41 63 59 63 65

19 11 12 14 12

1667 1710 1899 3300 3301

357 318 319 303 277

956 1240 1393 1459 1320

939 1209 1357 1385 1237

1 17 10 14 14

1 15 7 6 4

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

1101 3175 3038 3033 2455

790 827 728 596 476

29 40 36 38 37

14 4 6 7 6

556 492 464 402 306

276 209 169 144 81

204 294 228 156 133

200 285 219 148 121

0 15 5 9 8

0 13 2 4 3

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

31659 53780 55951 60090 64766

27813 42482 45491 49789 55480

183 325 314 327 394

101 212 188 204 268

1145 2811 2834 3040 7359

310 539 596 600 509

26485 39346 42343 46422 47727

26284 38517 41498 45558 46864

6 65 75 56 36

6 58 68 49 31

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

3455 4770 4523 4500 4102

2315 1847 1842 1782 1730

52 90 87 82 71

34 47 39 35 28

590 899 858 875 746

135 240 228 224 182

1673 858 897 825 913

1624 823 858 776 871

3 41 45 31 21

3 38 42 27 19

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

195615 714517 754532 791742 739517

139896 358856 367288 380359 383879

31957 72879 71341 68532 63256

28207 58213 56248 52734 47193

38835 134583 138137 149123 144177

8850 28167 27534 28392 26762

69104 151394 157811 162704 176446

65047 140036 145816 151085 164347

2369 26076 31476 34277 22364

1902 17403 21892 23170 15060

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

85989 533788 579090 619237 585526

57952 280936 293211 307389 317471

18935 57792 57250 54961 51451

17210 45938 44878 41899 37872

13990 103749 109282 120241 118716

3023 22028 22073 23393 22280

25027 119395 126680 132187 147304

23605 110009 116614 122329 136800

2080 24249 29561 32610 21167

1646 15773 20208 21781 14121

Southern Asia

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

19583 75827 72721 72675 82011

16334 45688 50959 47955 57990

407 1823 1976 1896 2587

249 906 975 943 1312

7486 27392 30785 30167 36049

1660 6400 7146 6300 7801

8442 16474 18199 15891 19354

7944 14904 16472 14583 17649

597 517 657 1026 930

371 268 361 677 742

South-Eastern Asia

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

49644 136531 145575 160687 156159

37171 81637 86453 93652 93220

7497 18321 18227 18911 18515

6364 14821 14224 14736 14524

11949 26075 28040 30272 30351

2503 5897 6278 7034 7149

17725 37241 40186 44469 44353

16987 35222 37980 41957 41796

118 841 963 1044 831

106 797 913 980 784

Western Asia

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

13531 54718 57699 63554 58762

10559 21812 23225 25608 23440

123 405 426 471 459

88 240 259 283 279

6868 17144 18334 20349 18245

2865 4126 4435 4588 3926

3568 4263 4465 4788 4736

3457 3985 4166 4501 4457

442 3233 3658 3530 2600

309 1611 1834 1625 1096

1117 1226 1258 1329 1318

811 86 92 93 59

474 65 76 77 41

355 0 0 0 0

264 15 11 11 8

3 0 0 1 1

73 6 5 5 10

73 6 5 5 10

0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0

South Africa

Latin America and the Caribbean

Brazil

Eastern Asia

China

Oceania

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015 For general note and footnotes see end of table

50

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Les exportations de marchandises du monde par provenance et destination (Tableau D) En millions de dollars E.-U. f.o.b. Exportations vers

SouthEastern Europe Europe du Sud-Est

Northern Africa Afrique septentrionale

Sub-Saharan

Africa Afrique subsaharienne

Latin America and the Caribbean Amérique latine et Caraïbes

Eastern Asia Asie orientale

Southern South-eastern Western Asia Asia Asia Asie Asie du Asie méridionale Sud-Est occidentale

Oceania Océanie

Other 3/ Autres 3/

Exportations en provence de

Année

Articles manifacturés divers (CTCI, Rev. 3, 8) [suite] 0 8 11 14 15

52 310 315 271 208

46 234 234 242 265

3 20 19 17 19

1 38 35 31 30

1 11 8 12 6

1 4 5 5 6

53 517 694 677 665

0 0 0 0 0

54 76 86 87 75

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Afrique septentrionale

0 43 40 32 24

4 13 12 10 15

827 4246 4306 4233 3795

18 89 53 66 45

16 53 78 141 137

8 52 31 40 38

17 51 38 51 36

91 68 180 536 476

1 1 2 3 2

7 16 17 85 103

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Afrique subsaharienne

0 22 17 12 4

3 10 10 6 11

231 2142 2093 2166 1783

10 22 28 36 19

10 24 18 30 22

6 30 9 20 14

15 32 14 32 14

33 44 104 113 96

1 1 1 2 2

1 7 10 11 6

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Afrique du sud

2 15 17 17 13

10 23 21 31 16

26 387 235 257 198

3566 9876 9129 8926 7881

98 390 385 385 455

18 61 70 63 57

41 220 204 278 197

48 179 228 252 380

1 1 2 2 1

29 79 94 33 52

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Amérique latine et Caraïbes

1 9 10 10 7

4 14 16 24 11

17 365 209 210 150

1022 2167 2008 1981 1701

30 79 90 98 96

13 36 47 34 33

20 94 92 155 91

30 118 163 174 262

0 1 1 1 1

... ... ... 0 0

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

215 1313 1168 1301 1258

740 5608 5903 6308 7146

1632 16877 17087 21914 23102

6514 38787 36887 36220 37158

32754 179129 188885 193091 149786

949 12586 15614 20100 18143

6154 46699 57321 61293 59637

4211 28134 32489 36463 36542

168 447 404 398 483

14 5 10 16 19

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

184 1221 1071 1185 1142

486 5286 5574 5854 6730

801 16117 16423 21221 22454

2665 32988 31220 30340 31860

17527 100530 112500 120620 86538

283 9676 13294 17704 15778

1857 37833 47297 50372 49490

2137 24710 28734 31721 32553

16 241 207 221 342

... ... ... ... 2

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

7 43 59 100 156

23 171 172 197 214

241 1393 1843 2004 1880

213 1442 1627 1581 1759

345 3518 2825 4166 4515

182 1032 1012 999 1244

255 1273 1417 1516 1530

1371 20599 12011 12167 11633

14 27 37 30 32

2 124 102 934 128

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Asie méridionale

15 46 51 58 58

102 291 278 285 279

478 1396 1197 1625 1450

676 3570 3559 3795 3685

3729 21365 23365 27423 27866

624 2520 2243 2327 2331

5001 19464 21267 23469 20563

1660 5098 5890 6628 5544

60 249 212 199 141

7 55 97 184 190

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Asie du Sud-est

123 811 940 1273 1229

297 1698 2003 2328 2203

164 1206 1402 1750 1709

58 391 387 398 415

171 2405 2913 2451 2377

238 10461 7209 6681 6452

110 676 824 1003 939

1136 11088 14077 17585 16497

0 14 12 4 4

233 922 1050 943 897

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Asie occidentale

0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0

2 1 4 3 0

266 1 0 1 0

23 14 6 33 41

0 3 0 0 0

3 6 7 7 5

1 3 2 8 3

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Brésil

Asie orientale

Chine

10 1 2000 Océanie 23 1089 2012 24 1121 2013 28 1156 2014 18 1191 2015 Voir la fin du tableau pour la remarque générale et les notes.

51

World merchandise exports by provenance and destination (Table D) In million U.S. dollars f.o.b. Developed economies 2/ Économies développées 2/

Exports to

Asia-Pacific Asie-Pacifique

Exports from

Year

World 1/ Monde 1/

Total

North America Amérique du Nord

Europe

Japan Japon

Total

Total

Commonwealth of Independent States Communauté d'Etats Indépendants

Germany Allemagne

U.S.A. É.-U.

Total

Total

Europe

Commodities and transactions not classified elsewhere in the SITC (SITC, Rev. 3, 9) World 1/

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

269300 999571 1087227 937861 886431

189728 489377 444526 390223 338956

7686 22823 20579 20034 18529

4557 13187 12188 11822 10306

137698 367214 335206 288187 247792

42898 64505 49931 46552 22756

44344 99340 88741 82001 72635

37483 72846 60272 55383 46903

6249 10455 12221 10131 6039

1948 7626 8312 7516 5130

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

24052 70240 64879 62418 61939

12469 23811 16206 15586 15554

639 1177 1281 1136 1290

317 152 95 154 115

5868 15711 7859 7338 6547

977 1506 1658 1613 1324

5962 6923 7066 7112 7717

5827 6533 6720 6789 7394

13 112 177 151 84

10 84 88 83 52

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

17490 42534 41051 40494 42487

9032 14570 13389 13052 13761

214 418 626 541 541

. . . . .

3389 8125 6482 6123 5841

974 1331 1453 1493 1290

5429 6028 6281 6389 7379

5296 5647 5938 6085 7060

10 110 176 151 83

9 83 86 83 51

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

142183 365508 430300 313323 291827

119326 245729 240077 187081 143369

2654 4102 3106 2309 1776

1660 2699 1747 1429 1052

105919 210069 219335 170971 133746

39503 53792 37560 34399 11650

10753 31557 17636 13800 7848

9217 28783 14987 12612 7105

897 5421 6401 4318 2904

489 4271 4575 3207 2470

France

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

6657 16819 15599 15245 6125

5424 13263 12085 11519 1149

194 502 325 296 25

157 425 246 225 14

4748 11890 10877 10195 999

1034 2967 2941 2774 97

482 872 883 1027 126

440 785 790 916 98

59 299 261 252 4

57 285 248 242 2

Germany

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

40968 71544 73323 77727 81226

32604 46456 48620 53762 60863

131 791 745 823 754

106 552 503 584 533

31812 43256 45393 49403 56942

. . . . .

661 2408 2483 3536 3167

578 2174 2290 3169 2841

272 2412 2429 2285 2060

195 2118 2157 2024 1837

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

50157 201516 211565 210203 213647

36014 115622 109450 110205 112282

2709 12763 11740 13186 11555

1591 8332 7836 8152 7699

11165 73853 65535 62558 63688

1213 7262 7926 8313 8419

22141 29007 32174 34462 37039

17252 15209 16478 18397 19354

208 2195 3001 3644 2274

103 1696 2224 2450 1988

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

32007 171634 180473 178447 182733

18124 87050 82521 81629 83934

2589 12430 11055 12741 11365

1504 8204 7218 7787 7591

10659 60827 55772 52826 54888

1116 7103 7554 8113 8197

4876 13793 15694 16062 17681

. . . . .

197 2187 2993 3634 2262

98 1689 2217 2441 1977

South-Eastern Europe

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

385 2589 3424 4769 3824

121 1848 2726 3463 2432

1 3 2 3 4

0 3 2 3 4

113 1809 2657 3370 2347

8 320 568 528 445

8 36 67 90 81

8 35 65 88 80

1 19 26 17 9

0 16 19 13 7

Commonwealth of Independent States

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

17427 23506 26058 21764 22254

5846 11340 10982 10963 9486

121 266 194 89 0

120 266 193 89 0

5460 9533 9018 10680 9318

545 239 340 141 16

265 1541 1771 194 168

258 1289 1544 73 10

4947 2456 2050 1700 612

1277 1377 1042 1596 535

12145 17841 18790 14772 12309

3124 8143 6428 5886 1156

43 40 1 18 ...

43 39 0 18 ...

2983 6750 4834 5810 1155

9 194 312 121 0

98 1353 1594 58 1

95 1266 1513 57 ...

3551 1069 977 900 1

221 129 65 865 0

Developed Economies Asia-Pacific 2/

Japan

Developed Economies Europe 2/

Developed Economies North America 2/

United States

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015 For general note and footnotes see end of table Russian Federation 4/

52

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Les exportations de marchandises du monde par provenance et destination (Tableau D) En millions de dollars E.-U. f.o.b. Exportations vers

SouthEastern Europe Europe du Sud-Est

Northern Africa Afrique septentrionale

Sub-Saharan

Africa Afrique subsaharienne

Latin America and the Caribbean Amérique latine et Caraïbes

Eastern Asia Asie orientale

Southern South-eastern Western Asia Asia Asia Asie Asie du Asie méridionale Sud-Est occidentale

Oceania Océanie

Other 3/ Autres 3/

Exportations en provence de

Année

Articles et transactions non classés ailleurs dans la CTCI (CTCI, Rev. 3, 9) 3045 4594 4158 5449 2828

964 4616 5582 3356 2634

2616 24082 21091 19919 14679

11749 50479 46592 42742 37510

16612 147670 240643 169538 158222

2889 67105 52505 39176 37406

11605 46279 63580 47771 48225

9343 49973 80329 76946 64411

192 2958 3421 3467 2480

14308 101983 112581 129145 173041

14 18 20 17 15

38 30 300 31 35

56 389 486 400 197

223 517 622 548 506

5818 29689 32994 31699 25862

98 3727 2110 1158 1259

4875 10499 10152 11490 11156

414 927 1244 844 612

33 104 134 93 207

1 418 434 402 6451

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

14 17 19 15 15

38 26 186 31 34

50 174 153 175 182

223 512 525 493 493

4319 18281 17662 17885 17966

68 347 611 386 454

3474 8012 7755 7746 8967

251 467 558 542 516

11 18 19 17 17

0 ... ... ... ...

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

396 4197 3603 4530 2347

639 1330 2105 1577 1010

1175 3864 4479 2667 1387

1824 9992 4589 4401 3998

3863 18685 69380 42657 49153

1580 31818 27410 22370 21962

1911 15338 23843 12987 10253

3780 14314 32553 18127 14095

17 60 108 57 58

6775 14760 15751 12551 41290

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

19 92 102 98 2

125 286 301 311 23

133 341 317 319 148

210 437 419 437 33

235 772 706 778 31

80 231 205 257 8

139 342 351 338 30

214 521 604 672 61

7 34 36 34 26

11 201 212 231 4609

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

France

92 915 1149 1199 1483

190 360 400 617 466

245 897 802 729 589

317 1984 1942 2079 2193

1089 3825 4165 5122 4125

210 1172 914 1084 1108

238 1670 1604 2133 1611

502 2792 2681 3880 3435

6 6 9 17 21

5201 9054 8608 4820 3271

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Allemagne

45 116 142 133 108

77 618 507 312 593

330 3380 3121 4493 3224

8301 25683 25821 26821 27327

2504 24945 36076 32225 33177

268 5166 4095 3825 3968

1350 9542 12921 12405 13710

1015 14060 16269 15928 16826

44 186 145 207 151

0 3 17 4 6

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

42 114 140 130 106

72 607 491 296 575

311 3338 3069 4444 3177

8210 25486 25595 26594 27076

2437 24086 33059 29886 31633

257 5116 3994 3733 3783

1321 9471 12712 12129 13433

994 13999 15766 15777 16625

43 179 134 195 129

... ... ... ... ...

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

32 175 271 496 254

3 5 9 61 34

10 12 30 53 54

5 6 7 7 6

3 1 1 29 3

8 9 37 59 41

4 17 10 13 17

150 166 160 260 213

0 1 2 2 2

48 331 146 308 759

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Europe du Sud-Est

2523 4 10 67 2

78 2046 1193 7 5

24 297 102 81 35

50 1651 1851 383 21

1150 814 2523 126 64

287 2537 3645 23 24

61 777 1510 174 55

2461 847 1486 7518 384

0 1 0 0 0

1 735 706 720 11565

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Communauté d'Etats Indépendants

2513 1 8 59 ...

... 2034 1186 0 ...

0 250 42 38 6

2 1634 1838 369 ...

556 787 2515 117 59

12 2513 3392 13 17

23 682 1180 152 40

2363 727 1224 7237 234

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2000 Monde 1/ 2012 2013 2014 2015 Économies développées Asie-Pacifique 2/

Japon

Économies développées Europe 2/

Économies développées Amérique du Nord 2/

États-Unis

... ... 2000 Fédération de Russie 4/ 0 0 2012 ... ... 2013 0 ... 2014 ... 10797 2015 Voir la fin du tableau pour la remarque générale et les notes.

53

World merchandise exports by provenance and destination (Table D) In million U.S. dollars f.o.b. Developed economies 2/ Économies développées 2/

Exports to

Asia-Pacific Asie-Pacifique

Exports from

Year

World 1/ Monde 1/

Total

North America Amérique du Nord

Europe

Japan Japon

Total

Germany Allemagne

Total

Commonwealth of Independent States Communauté d'Etats Indépendants

U.S.A. É.-U.

Total

Total

Europe

Commodities and transactions not classified elsewhere in the SITC (SITC, Rev. 3, 9) [cont.] Northern Africa

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

135 2511 1663 1893 1573

114 505 622 556 535

1 0 0 1 1

1 0 0 0 0

17 417 123 84 85

0 2 4 6 7

95 88 499 471 448

95 2 6 9 9

2 0 0 1 1

0 0 0 1 1

Sub-Saharan Africa

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

5215 28688 24633 23480 19638

3653 8205 6680 7181 4927

10 124 45 84 91

9 111 41 7 3

3236 7773 6379 6726 4667

14 42 44 21 82

407 307 256 370 170

405 135 79 220 158

46 2 19 1 0

1 2 0 1 0

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

3561 9142 7051 5190 2512

2358 1758 1110 2058 35

8 46 42 14 1

8 38 39 0 0

1967 1614 1007 1867 32

3 26 16 5 2

383 99 60 177 1

381 16 5 132 1

46 0 19 1 ...

0 0 0 1 ...

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

6518 47161 40180 36896 32251

4198 41806 34569 31536 26143

22 185 97 45 26

22 176 90 42 23

1840 14697 10253 8882 8898

60 336 492 444 190

2336 26925 24220 22609 17218

2160 18634 16193 14828 11041

31 6 12 2 3

0 5 12 1 2

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

1449 8315 7521 7137 5342

1310 6131 4484 4849 2236

9 72 10 24 3

9 72 10 24 2

270 3708 2277 1876 1562

19 236 284 317 20

1031 2350 2196 2948 671

1030 2153 1995 2741 430

25 0 1 2 2

0 0 1 0 2

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

3390 58943 85285 57437 52129

1290 2514 2996 2545 2310

442 636 1024 636 436

110 376 730 451 357

759 1367 1008 1479 1470

15 58 117 70 67

88 510 963 431 404

79 345 780 400 384

1 13 49 19 10

1 9 37 10 5

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

514 1417 1729 2267 2031

64 42 32 33 21

37 7 1 3 3

36 6 1 2 3

13 21 15 15 10

0 6 5 4 4

15 14 15 14 8

14 14 15 14 8

0 2 9 6 4

... 0 0 0 0

Southern Asia

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

1096 14055 17197 15937 20678

720 1288 2602 392 739

37 35 107 122 118

23 28 102 119 117

307 728 957 175 440

50 83 257 35 122

375 524 1538 95 181

359 520 1524 95 177

16 4 2 8 4

4 3 1 8 3

South-Eastern Asia

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

8523 47534 42440 40343 28511

3416 14951 9398 9681 7115

887 3271 2003 1518 1178

589 994 1072 1015 769

1786 10842 6467 7359 5499

358 667 666 569 266

743 838 927 804 438

696 532 565 468 296

27 58 85 20 27

25 31 58 13 14

Western Asia

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

10130 136750 138953 148525 135809

2488 21526 7965 10816 12366

124 56 800 769 487

104 49 274 357 160

1224 20393 5557 8500 10974

156 193 293 401 168

1140 1077 1608 1547 905

1096 825 1314 1389 878

58 169 397 249 111

38 131 255 133 50

72 233 253 218 1698

39 204 179 138 1566

11 2 6 4 7

3 22 58 65 113

0 6 8 11 1

31 6 17 16 19

31 6 16 15 18

1 0 0 0 0

... 0 0 ... ...

South Africa

Latin America and the Caribbean

Brazil

Eastern Asia

China

Oceania

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015 For general note and footnotes see end of table

54

88 569 649 873 2352

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Les exportations de marchandises du monde par provenance et destination (Tableau D) En millions de dollars E.-U. f.o.b. Exportations vers

SouthEastern Europe Europe du Sud-Est

Northern Africa Afrique septentrionale

Sub-Saharan

Africa Afrique subsaharienne

Latin America and the Caribbean Amérique latine et Caraïbes

Southern South-eastern Western Asia Asia Asia Asie Asie du Asie méridionale Sud-Est occidentale

Eastern Asia Asie orientale

Oceania Océanie

Other 3/ Autres 3/

Exportations en provence de

Année

Articles et transactions non classés ailleurs dans la CTCI (CTCI, Rev. 3, 9) [suite] 0 0 0 20 3

0 39 34 27 26

0 484 289 75 86

0 0 1 3 1

0 2 2 1 0

0 4 26 25 8

0 0 2 1 1

18 1472 686 1184 911

0 ... ... 0 ...

0 4 1 0 2

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Afrique septentrionale

2 2 2 6 4

5 5 4 4 5

528 8219 6018 6614 6031

4 6 4 3 2

880 3433 3207 1791 127

18 3154 2050 1494 1129

11 841 678 211 2

62 4234 5156 5423 4897

0 0 5 0 0

4 588 809 753 2513

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Afrique subsaharienne

2 0 0 0 ...

... ... 0 0 0

220 6 3 3 11

4 0 0 0 0

865 3302 3165 1733 67

17 2942 1528 600 0

8 833 659 209 1

42 300 567 587 12

0 0 0 0 0

... 0 0 0 2386

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Afrique du sud

0 6 5 29 17

0 231 161 173 5

80 1015 711 359 59

125 1332 1376 1293 257

3 400 1413 271 186

4 184 606 580 1469

22 436 311 166 27

49 1734 1004 653 698

0 1 1 0 2

2006 9 11 1835 3384

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Amérique latine et Caraïbes

0 4 3 20 0

... 61 138 173 4

54 517 554 309 10

41 533 945 1111 69

0 193 811 138 55

1 32 222 326 282

6 358 228 103 4

12 485 135 106 251

0 1 1 0 2

... ... ... ... 2427

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

1 5 18 6 10

10 6 27 4 5

20 21 49 20 82

14 56 292 51 57

971 50378 73956 50216 42417

171 1156 494 926 186

402 3652 6053 2695 5686

437 277 452 386 667

2 4 11 4 1

71 861 887 564 696

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

0 ... 0 ... 0

9 1 0 0 3

11 1 1 1 71

1 1 0 2 4

47 818 1409 2079 1812

161 2 1 1 2

8 549 276 143 107

209 2 1 2 3

0 ... 0 ... ...

2 ... ... ... 4

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

0 4 16 3 5

2 9 91 8 18

15 146 393 11 12

14 453 1378 19 38

18 10811 9374 42 91

183 396 440 1591 1689

38 169 218 64 1066

88 643 2562 13251 16316

0 44 21 0 0

1 90 100 548 699

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Asie méridionale

4 2 5 17 1

12 51 73 45 35

307 5235 4368 4144 2604

1054 10639 10128 8856 4920

1062 7930 8264 7009 5024

182 549 657 685 593

1791 4086 4935 5239 4666

321 1487 1551 1572 905

80 2547 2977 3074 2026

268 0 1 1 593

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Asie du Sud-est

26 65 66 125 61

99 247 1078 1105 861

72 1019 1044 1001 907

134 144 522 356 377

340 571 3424 3190 1842

92 18405 10934 6438 5079

1139 920 2920 2307 1568

547 9813 17206 11799 7887

1 8 10 16 16

5133 83864 93388 111123 104735

2000 2012 2013 2014 2015

Asie occidentale

... ... ... 0 0

... 0 0 0 0

0 1 1 1 0

0 0 0 0 0

1 10 30 283 273

0 1 1 1 1

1 2 26 20 18

0 0 0 0 0

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Brésil

Asie orientale

Chine

13 0 2000 Océanie 3 320 2012 8 330 2013 14 336 2014 15 346 2015 Voir la fin du tableau pour la remarque générale et les notes.

55

World merchandise exports by provenance and destination (Table D) Les exportations de marchandises du monde par provenance et destination (Tableau D) General note:

Remarque générale:

For further information on Sources, Method of Estimation, Currency Conversion, Period, Country Nomenclature and Country Grouping of this table, as well as for a brief table description, please see the Introduction

Pour plus d'information en ce qui concerne les sources, la méthode d'estimation, taux d’exchange, période, nomenclature des pays et groupement de pays, ainsi que pour une brève description de ce tableau, veuillez voir l'Introduction

Footnotes: 1 Exports for which country of destination is not available are included in the totals for the 'World' and in region “Others” (see footnote number 3 for further explanation)

56

1

2

This classification is intended for statistical convenience and does not, necessarily, express a judgment about the stage reached by a particular country in the development process.

2

3

The region "Others" as destination for exports contains the following trading partners: Antarctica, bunkers, free zones, confidential and not elsewhere specified countries

3

Exportations dont les pays de destination n'est pas disponible sont incluses dansles totaux pour le 'Monde ' et dans la région "les autres " (voir note n ° 3 pour plus d'explications) Cette classification est utilisée pour plus de commodité dans la présentation des statistiques et n'implique pas nécessairement un jugement quant au stade de développement auquel est parvenuun pays donné. La région "Autres" comme destination des exportations comprend les partenaires commerciaux suivants: Antarctique, combustibles de soute, zones franches, partenaires confidentiels ou non specifiés ailleurs

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2015 INTERNATIONAL TRADE STATISTICS YEARBOOK VOLUME I TRADE BY COUNTRY

PART 2 – COUNTRY TRADE PROFILES 170 Countries (or areas) European Union

Afghanistan Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of Afghanistan increased substantially by 10.8 percent to reach 570.5 mln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased moderately by 10.0 percent to reach 7.7 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 7.1 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Southern Asia at -2.6 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Afghanistan were highly concentrated amongst partners; imports were also highly concentrated. The top 3 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 3 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Afghanistan increased substantially by 32.9 percent, reaching 1.2 bln US$, while its imports of services decreased substantially by 19.1 percent and reached 1.7 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services deficit of 517.3 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

10

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

4

8

Imports

Trade Balance

3

6

2

4

1

2

(na) (na)

(na)

(na) (na) (na) (na) (na) (na)

(na)

(na) (na) (na) (na) (na) (na)

(na)

0

0 (na) (na)

−2

(na)

−1

−4

Exports Profile: "Not classified elsewhere in the SITC" (SITC section 9), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 70.7, 14.7 and 12.4 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Commodities not specified according to kind" (HS code 9999) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Pakistan, Areas nes and India, accounting for respectively 38.8, 27.7 and 22.0 percent of total exports. "Construction services" (EBOPS code 249) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 473.9 mln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 187.2 mln US$ and "Financial services" (EBOPS code 260) at 172.9 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

13

20

12

20

10

11

20

20

08

07

09

20

20

20

05

06

20

20

04

20

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

05

−4 04

−10 03

−3

02

−8

03

−2

−6

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Other business ( 15.3 %)

Financial ( 14.1 %)

Construction ( 38.7 %)

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 7.5 %) Travel ( 6.7 %) Remaining ( 5.5 %)

Communication ( 6.5 %) Transportation ( 5.7 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2002 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 5701 Carpets and other textile floor coverings, knotted........................................................ 0909 Seeds of anise, badian, fennel, coriander, cumin or caraway...................................... 1207 Other oil seeds and oleaginous fruits........................................................................... 0504 Guts, bladders and stomachs of animals (other than fish)...........................................

58

Source: UN Comtrade

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

428.9 280.3 72.8 54.1 20.6 1.0

515.0 371.3 73.2 61.1 9.1 0.2

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

570.5 403.6 84.0 107.9 103.2 103.5 70.8 3.3 4.0 3.4 11.9 1.6 1.1 1.5 0.3 3.4 3.3 3.9

US$/m2 US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

SITC code 931 659 075 222 291

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Afghanistan Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 6 9

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

570.5 70.8 12.1 84.0 403.6

10.1 -14.2 -34.9 2.5 37.2

2014 share

10.8 15.9 30.4 14.7 8.7

SITC Total 0+1 3 5 6 7 8 9

100.0 12.4 2.1 14.7 70.7

7 697.2 732.3 1 488.6 91.8 511.5 6.6 37.3 4 829.1

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance

10.5 5.7 8.5 2.7 4.2 -62.6 -28.0 19.4

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

-10.0 13.4 2.5 -47.0 31.3 2230.9 3.4 -17.6

100.0 9.5 19.3 1.2 6.6 0.1 0.5 62.7

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

SITC Legend

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014) Exports

Trade balance

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.283)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.267)

(% share in 2014) Transportation ( 60.3 %)

Insurance ( 11.9 %)

Travel ( 6.4 %) Remaining ( 10.2 %)

Other business ( 5.8 %) Financial ( 5.4 %)

0%

%

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

40

60

80

10

0.5

−0

−1

−2

−3

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category

%

25 th %

25 th %

Other

0%

20 th

%

20 th

%

Western Asia

%

15 th

%

15 th

0%

Southern Asia

0

10 th

.5

10 th

−1

Eastern Asia

.5

5 th

−2

5 th

.5

Developed Europe

−3

Top partner

.5

Developed Asia−Pacific

Imports Profile: "Not classified elsewhere in the SITC" (SITC section 9), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 62.7, 19.3 and 9.5 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Commodities not specified according to kind" (HS code 9999) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Areas nes, Pakistan and the Islamic Republic of Iran, accounting for respectively 58.3, 13.8 and 12.1 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 1.1 bln US$, followed by "Insurance services" (EBOPS code 253) at 207.5 mln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 110.9 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2002 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 2703 Peat (including peat litter)............................................................................................. 1101 Wheat or meslin flour.................................................................................................... 5808 Braids in the piece; ornamental trimmings................................................................... 6801 Setts, curbstones and flagstones, of natural stone (except slate)............................... 0902 Tea, whether or not flavoured....................................................................................... 3006 Pharmaceutical goods specified in Note 4 to this Chapter........................................... 1701 Cane or beet sugar and pure sucrose, in solid form..................................................... 6206 Women's or girls' blouses, shirts and shirt-blouses..................................................... 4012 Retreaded or used pneumatic tyres of rubber...............................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

6 205.0 4 014.2 1 517.5 175.5 110.2 163.3 69.1 36.0 6.9 20.9 31.1

Source: UN Comtrade

8 554.4 5 857.5 1 452.5 429.1 151.4 219.7 151.1 139.6 61.6 27.8 10.2

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

7 697.2 4 829.1 1 488.6 0.8 0.5 1.6 498.9 0.3 0.3 0.3 295.9 22.0 24.1 24.2 160.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 111.7 1.3 1.5 1.1 68.4 117.6 0.4 0.5 0.5 23.5 9.7 10.1 10.8 29.2 40.4 39.3 35.5

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/unit US$/unit

SITC code 931 322 046 656 661 074 541 061 842 625

59

Albania Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Albania decreased substantially by 20.6 percent to reach 1.9 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 17.4 percent to reach 4.3 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 2.4 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at -1.2 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Albania were highly concentrated amongst partners; imports were diversified. The top 7 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 15 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Albania increased slightly by 0.7 percent, reaching 2.2 bln US$, while its imports of services decreased moderately by 5.6 percent and reached 2.1 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a relatively small trade in services surplus of 151.0 mln US$. See footnote*.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

6 5 4 3 2 1 0 −1 −2 −3 −4 −5 −6

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

2.5

Imports

Trade Balance

2 1.5 1 0.5

(na)

0 (na)

−0.5 −1 −1.5 −2

Exports Profile: "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8), "Not classified elsewhere in the SITC" (SITC section 9) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 36.0, 23.0 and 14.9 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Commodities not specified according to kind" (HS code 9999) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Italy, Serbia and Spain, accounting for respectively 49.7, 8.4 and 7.3 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 1.7 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 188.8 mln US$ and "Communications services" (EBOPS code 245) at 155.4 mln US$ (see graph 3).

14

15 20

12

13

20

20

10

11

20

20

09

20

07

08

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

03

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−2.5

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 76.7 %)

Transportation ( 8.5 %)

Remaining ( 7.8 %)

Communication ( 7.0 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 6403 Footwear with outer soles of rubber, plastics, leather................................................. 6406 Parts of footwear........................................................................................................... 6203 Men's or boys'suits, ensembles, jackets, blazers, trousers.......................................... 2610 Chromium ores and concentrates.................................................................................. 7214 Other bars and rods of iron or non-alloy steel.............................................................. 6205 Men's or boys'shirts...................................................................................................... 4819 Cartons, boxes, cases, bags and other packing containers, of paper........................... 2523 Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement.......................................................

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

2 331.5 1.5 658.0 156.8 132.8 89.9 91.1 123.0 41.6 41.6 67.7

2 430.7 1 415.0 ... 151.9 151.2 77.3 74.0 ... 52.3 54.7 1.5

1 929.7 444.5 91.8 151.2 137.5 90.7 71.4 65.7 45.8 40.3 39.5

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

SITC code

0.5 18.2 22.0 11.5 0.1 0.6 10.2 3.7 0.1

931 333 851 851 841 287 676 841 642 661

17.8 24.1 10.2 0.2 10.8 4.8 0.1

0.2 15.0 21.5 10.2 0.1 0.4

9.3

3.0 0.1

US$/kg US$/pair US$/kg US$/unit US$/kg US$/kg US$/unit US$/kg US$/kg

*In 2014, the reported share of non-standard HS codes increased significantly.

60

Source: UN Comtrade

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Albania Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-20.6 49.2 17.5 346.0 66.8 201.2 177.0 7.3 -68.6

100.0 5.6 8.3 8.8 0.6 14.9 2.8 36.0 23.0

4 320.2 589.5 124.4 414.6 421.8 859.4 767.0 512.9 630.6

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 77.0 %)

Remaining ( 12.2 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.279)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

0%

1

0.5

0

.5 −0

−1

.5 −1

−2

.5

100.0 13.6 2.9 9.6 9.8 19.9 17.8 11.9 14.6

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.122)

Top partner

−2

-17.4 17.0 59.6 -2.6 30.1 28.4 42.9 16.1 -72.0

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −3

-5.4 -8.2 -18.4 -18.7 -5.2 -7.5 -7.9 -2.6 266.3

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

40

-0.2 8.5 -11.2 -19.9 -12.9 -9.5 -8.5 0.8 261.2

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

1 929.7 108.9 160.6 169.9 10.8 287.7 53.2 694.0 444.5

2015 share

10

2015

1.5

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Not classified elsewhere in the SITC" (SITC section 9) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 19.9, 17.8 and 14.6 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Commodities not specified according to kind" (HS code 9999) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Italy, Greece and China, accounting for respectively 31.0, 8.8 and 7.5 percent of total imports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 1.6 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 224.7 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Transportation ( 10.9 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 4107 Leather further prepared after tanning or crusting....................................................... 6406 Parts of footwear........................................................................................................... 2716 Electrical energy............................................................................................................ 1001 Wheat and meslin......................................................................................................... 2402 Cigars, cheroots, cigarillos and cigarettes.................................................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

4 880.6 2.3 628.6 191.9 136.5 82.5 73.3 107.2 81.0 84.8 39.5

Source: UN Comtrade

5 230.0 2 250.6 395.3 183.4 108.4 88.9 76.2 ... 41.3 20.3 22.1

4 320.2 630.6 270.2 168.3 127.5 81.6 72.5 101.0 55.7 23.8 67.1

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

SITC code

US$/kg 1.0 0.9 0.6 thsd US$/unit 3.2 2.3 US$/kg 41.5 46.2 39.5 US$/kg 18.8 19.4 19.0 US$/kg 8.8 8.4 7.6 64.0 52.2 US$/MWh US$/kg 0.3 0.3 0.2 US$/kg 22.9 18.3 16.8

931 334 781 542 611 851 351 041 122 764

61

Algeria Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of Algeria decreased slightly by 4.2 percent to reach 63.2 bln US$, while its merchandise imports increased moderately by 6.8 percent to reach 58.6 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small surplus of 4.6 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at 10.6 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Algeria were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 11 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 19 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Algeria decreased moderately by 6.2 percent, reaching 3.5 bln US$, while its imports of services increased moderately by 9.0 percent and reached 11.7 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services deficit of 8.1 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year)

Exports Profile: "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) accounted for majority of exported goods (97.4 percent) in 2014 (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude" (HS code 2709) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Italy, Spain and the United States, accounting for respectively 14.4, 13.8 and 10.4 percent of total exports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 1.6 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 835.1 mln US$ and "Construction services" (EBOPS code 249) at 277.5 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

13

20

12

20

11

20

09

10

20

20

07

08

20

20

06

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−80

20

−60

05

−40

Trade Balance

(na)

20

(na)

−20

Imports

(na)

04

(na)

0

20

20

03

40

20

60

Exports

14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 −2 −4 −6 −8 −10 −12 −14 02

Trade Balance

20

80

Imports

20

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Transportation ( 23.6 %) Other business ( 44.1 %) Construction ( 7.8 %) Travel ( 7.3 %) Remaining ( 4.6 %) Computer & information ( 5.4 %)

Financial ( 7.2 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 2707 Oils and other products of high temperature coal tar................................................... 2814 Ammonia, anhydrous or in aqueous solution................................................................ 1701 Cane or beet sugar and chemically pure sucrose, in solid form................................... 2510 Natural calcium phosphates.......................................................................................... 3102 Mineral or chemical fertilisers, nitrogenous................................................................. 2905 Acyclic alcohols and their derivatives........................................................................... 2902 Cyclic hydrocarbons.......................................................................................................

62

Source: UN Comtrade

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

71 865.7 32 879.4 27 001.3 9 921.6 909.0 420.8 208.0 152.9 9.3 34.0 ...

65 998.1 30 380.1 25 676.5 7 769.5 1 067.7 303.9 272.5 96.7 38.4 45.2 ...

63 227.8 24 376.9 24 144.3 12 091.1 943.7 570.9 229.4 96.5 294.0 47.6 124.4

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

0.9 0.9 1.4 0.6 0.7 0.1 0.2

0.8

0.5 0.8 1.3 0.5 0.6 0.1 0.3

0.8

0.7 0.8 1.4 0.5 0.5 0.1 0.3

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

1.1

US$/kg

SITC code 333 343 334 335 522 061 272 562 512 511

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Algeria Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

-4.2 -19.0 -0.6 -5.1 147.4 -21.3 -0.2 -26.4

100.0 0.5 0.2 97.4 1.7 0.1 0.0 0.0

58 618.1 10 877.6 1 961.2 2 843.0 6 832.9 10 976.4 22 245.9 2 879.9 1.2

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Other business ( 30.7 %)

Transportation ( 35.0 %) Construction ( 18.4 %) Remaining ( 10.6 %)

Travel ( 5.2 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.082)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

40

30

20

10

0

0 −1

0 −2

0

100.0 18.6 3.3 4.9 11.7 18.7 38.0 4.9 0.0

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.06)

Top partner

−3

0

6.8 15.4 -1.4 -33.7 9.6 15.8 9.9 -11.2 -62.6

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −4

9.3 16.1 6.0 34.6 11.3 2.8 7.4 16.0 ...

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

40

2.6 1.2 1.9 2.4 37.0 -18.5 0.1 -12.7

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

63 227.8 325.5 112.2 61 581.0 1 098.5 90.8 14.2 5.6

2014 share

0%

2014

50

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 38.0, 18.7 and 18.6 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport" (HS code 8703) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were China, France and Italy, accounting for respectively 12.8, 11.6 and 9.7 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 4.1 bln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 3.6 bln US$ and "Construction services" (EBOPS code 249) at 2.2 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 1001 Wheat and meslin......................................................................................................... 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 7214 Other bars and rods of iron or non-alloy steel.............................................................. 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 0402 Milk and cream, concentrated or containing added sugar........................................... 8411 Turbo-jets, turbo-propellers and other gas turbines..................................................... 1005 Maize (corn)................................................................................................................... 1701 Cane or beet sugar and chemically pure sucrose, in solid form...................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

50 369.4 3 908.7 4 435.9 2 129.0 2 205.5 2 098.4 1 754.8 1 093.4 526.0 941.9 960.9

Source: UN Comtrade

54 910.0 3 728.7 3 770.5 2 123.4 2 225.3 1 862.5 1 807.7 1 076.7 1 274.8 892.6 881.8

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

58 618.1 2 965.5 9.9 10.5 14.0 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 2 191.4 0.8 1.0 0.9 US$/kg 2 372.5 0.3 0.3 0.3 2 110.3 US$/kg 1 884.3 0.7 0.6 0.6 US$/kg 1 949.4 54.9 64.6 68.0 US$/kg 1 800.3 3.6 4.1 4.8 1 700.8 US$/kg 977.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 US$/kg 840.9 0.6 0.5 0.4

SITC code 781 334 041 782 676 542 022 714 044 061

63

Andorra Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of Andorra decreased slightly by 4.2 percent to reach 94.8 mln US$, while its merchandise imports increased slightly by 4.6 percent to reach 1.6 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 1.5 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at -1.3 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Andorra were highly concentrated amongst partners; imports were also highly concentrated. The top 3 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and the same number of partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). No trade in services data is available.

Graph 2: No Data Available

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value (Bln US$ by year) Exports

2

Imports

Trade Balance

1.5 1 0.5 (na)

0 (na)

(na)

−0.5 −1 −1.5

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−2

Exports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 42.0, 41.7 and 6.7 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Prepared unrecorded media for sound recording" (HS code 8523) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Spain, France and Norway, accounting for respectively 57.6, 17.8 and 4.6 percent of total exports. Services data by detailed EBOPS category is not available for exports.

Graph 3: No Data Available

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 8523 Prepared unrecorded media for sound recording.......................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 9021 Orthopaedic appliances, including crutches, surgical belts and trusses...................... 7113 Articles of jewellery and parts thereof, of precious metal........................................... 9102 Wrist-watches, pocket-watches and other watches, of base metal............................ 8542 Electronic integrated circuits......................................................................................... 7204 Ferrous waste and scrap; remelting scrap ingots of iron or steel................................ 7326 Other articles of iron or steel........................................................................................ 6211 Track suits, ski suits and swimwear; other garments................................................... 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)...................................................................

64

Source: UN Comtrade

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

105.9 15.3 11.0 7.9 6.1 3.8 4.5 2.1 2.2 2.4 2.7

99.0 17.3 13.0 8.7 5.1 4.1 1.4 1.8 2.2 1.0 1.6

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

SITC code

94.8 13.7 14.1 22.4 22.3 20.4 thsd US$/unit 11.4 2.6 1.2 5.5 5.2 thsd US$/kg 4.7 1.9 US$/kg 2.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 US$/kg 1.3 3.6 5.7 0.4 2.1 0.9 39.6 39.2 34.2 thsd US$/kg

898 781 899 897 885 776 282 699 845 971

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Andorra Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

-4.2 146.5 8.7 -13.4 -31.7 -4.0 -2.6 -5.7 -30.9

100.0 0.9 5.5 0.1 1.6 6.7 42.0 41.7 1.6

1 556.0 355.8 18.2 167.3 183.2 113.2 313.5 380.3 24.6

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: No Data Available

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.385)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

0%

0

.2 −0

.4 −0

.6 −0

.8 −0

−1

.2 −1

.4

100.0 22.9 1.2 10.8 11.8 7.3 20.1 24.4 1.6

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.41)

Top partner

−1

.6

4.6 2.4 10.4 -11.7 6.3 2.4 8.7 5.2 2012.4

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −1

0.3 1.6 1.4 1.9 -0.2 -5.5 1.0 -1.6 128.9

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

40

0.7 2.7 -1.4 187.6 -15.4 -15.7 0.9 8.1 -18.0

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

94.8 0.8 5.2 0.1 1.5 6.3 39.9 39.5 1.5

2014 share

10

2014

0.2

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 24.4, 22.9 and 20.1 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Spain, France and China, accounting for respectively 61.8, 16.6 and 3.9 percent of total imports. Services data by detailed EBOPS category is not available for imports.

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 6211 Track suits, ski suits and swimwear; other garments................................................... 2208 Alcohol of a strength by volume of less than 80 % vol................................................ 2716 Electrical energy............................................................................................................ 3307 Pre-shave, shaving or after-shave preparations........................................................... 2403 Other manufactured tobacco and tobacco substitutes................................................. 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 3303 Perfumes and toilet waters........................................................................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

1 417.7 154.3 57.0 46.9 37.1 42.8 33.6 32.5 33.1 24.0 24.4

Source: UN Comtrade

1 487.2 147.0 73.2 39.2 40.2 39.9 38.2 34.5 32.8 31.4 28.1

1 556.0 133.0 102.4 36.6 44.6 32.1 32.9 33.4 34.1 40.7 30.7

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

SITC code

US$/kg 334 0.8 0.8 0.9 22.7 23.1 23.1 thsd US$/unit 781

5.9 66.1 31.0 18.2 51.9 48.1

6.6 66.1 26.6 19.3 56.0 65.6

6.8 60.6 24.0 20.9 65.0 75.2

US$/litre US$/MWh US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

845 112 351 553 122 542 553 764

65

Antigua and Barbuda Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: CIF, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Antigua and Barbuda increased substantially by 12.8 percent to reach 26.0 mln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 15.7 percent to reach 465.1 mln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 439.1 mln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed North America at -193.5 mln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Antigua and Barbuda were moderately concentrated amongst partners; imports were also moderately concentrated. The top 7 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 11 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2013, the value of exports of services of Antigua and Barbuda decreased slightly by 3.6 percent, reaching 465.0 mln US$, while its imports of services increased moderately by 7.6 percent and reached 219.5 mln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services surplus of 245.5 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Mln US$ by year)

(Mln US$ by year)

Exports Profile: "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 42.7, 33.3 and 14.3 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Tarpaulins, awnings and sunblinds; tents; sails for boats, sailboards" (HS code 6306) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were the United States, the United Kingdom and Areas nes, accounting for respectively 25.9, 24.1 and 5.1 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2013 at 298.6 mln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 108.0 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

12

11

10

09

08

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−800

07

−600

20

−400

(na) (na)

06

(na)

20

(na) (na) (na)

−200

Trade Balance

(na) (na)

05

(na)

Imports

20

(na)

04

(na) (na) (na)

0

20

200

03

400

20

600

Exports

600 500 400 300 200 100 0 −100 −200 −300 −400 −500 −600 02

Trade Balance

20

800

Imports

20

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013) Travel ( 64.2 %)

Transportation ( 23.2 %) Remaining ( 12.5 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 6306 Tarpaulins, awnings and sunblinds; tents; sails for boats, sailboards......................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8903 Yachts and other vessels for pleasure or sports; rowing boats and canoes................ 2208 Alcohol of a strength by volume of less than 80 % vol................................................ 7326 Other articles of iron or steel........................................................................................ 8803 Parts of goods of heading 88.01 or 88.02..................................................................... 7204 Ferrous waste and scrap; remelting scrap ingots of iron or steel................................ 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 7010 Carboys, bottles, flasks, jars, pots, phials, ampoules................................................... 8525 Transmission apparatus for radio-telephony, radio-broadcasting................................

66

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

32.9 9.4 4.1 2.3 1.0 1.3 0.1 1.3 0.0 0.5 0.8

23.1 5.1 1.0 1.1 0.9 0.4 2.4 0.9 2.1 0.5 0.1

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

SITC code

26.0 US$/kg 7.2 97.5 45.9 23.8 US$/kg 0.3 1.6 thsd US$/unit 1.0 31.7 32.6 0.9 23.8 8.6 2.3 US$/litre US$/kg 1.0 10.7 26.2 15.6 US$/kg 0.1 975.2 459.7 187.1 US$/kg 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.2 ... 0.7 0.7

658 334 793 112 699 792 282 931 665 764

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Antigua and Barbuda Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

12.8 -19.9 -52.0 -71.9 -37.4 42.4 22.3 107.9

100.0 5.5 1.8 1.1 1.3 42.7 33.3 14.3

465.1 124.3 11.8 77.1 34.3 60.2 93.3 64.0 0.0

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013) Travel ( 22.9 %)

Transportation ( 32.9 %)

Other business ( 17.4 %)

Insurance ( 17.3 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.175)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

0%

5 th

10

0

0

0

−2

0

−4

0

−6

00

−8

20

−1

60

80

00

40

−1

−1

−1

−1

20

100.0 26.7 2.5 16.6 7.4 12.9 20.1 13.8 0.0

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.21)

Top partner

−2

-15.7 1.2 4.5 -53.0 7.8 -5.4 -3.5 4.6 2.3

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −2

-0.3 2.8 5.6 126.9 3.4 7.7 13.4 6.1 -90.1

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Mln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

%

-2.7 -21.0 28.9 -20.1 -19.1 3.3 -5.8 6.1

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

40

26.0 1.4 0.5 0.3 0.3 11.1 8.7 3.7

2015 share

60

2015

20

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 26.7, 20.1 and 16.6 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the United States, Areas nes and Special Categories, accounting for respectively 37.1, 21.7 and 14.5 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2013 at 72.2 mln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 50.4 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 38.3 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Remaining ( 9.4 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 0207 Meat and edible offal, of the poultry of heading 01.05................................................ 2202 Waters with added sugar.............................................................................................. 7113 Articles of jewellery and parts thereof, of precious metal........................................... 2106 Food preparations not elsewhere specified or included............................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 6306 Tarpaulins, awnings and sunblinds; tents; sails for boats, sailboards......................... 9403 Other furniture and parts thereof.................................................................................. 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods....................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

507.9 168.3 15.7 12.4 9.1 7.8 6.6 6.3 7.3 4.4 2.5

Source: UN Comtrade

551.8 164.2 25.0 12.1 9.5 8.9 6.9 5.8 5.0 6.4 5.0

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

465.1 US$/kg 1.1 77.0 1.3 25.0 13.9 15.1 18.1 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 10.9 2.1 2.1 1.7 8.3 1.1 1.1 1.0 US$/litre 7.9 2.3 2.8 2.9 thsd US$/kg US$/kg 7.0 2.0 2.2 1.6 US$/kg 7.4 33.2 26.6 29.6 US$/kg 5.4 64.2 21.5 48.5 6.4 8.8

SITC code 334 781 012 111 897 098 542 658 821 782

67

Argentina Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Argentina decreased substantially by 16.9 percent to reach 56.8 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased moderately by 8.5 percent to reach 59.8 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small deficit of 3.0 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Eastern Asia at -7.3 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Argentina were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 27 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 15 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Argentina decreased slightly by 3.4 percent, reaching 13.8 bln US$, while its imports of services decreased moderately by 8.9 percent and reached 17.0 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services deficit of 3.2 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

100

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

20

80

Imports

Trade Balance

15

60

10

40 20

5

0

0

−20

−5

(na) (na)

−40

Exports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4) and "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 43.5, 18.8 and 13.5 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Oil-cake and other solid residues" (HS code 2304) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Brazil, China and the United States, accounting for respectively 19.9, 7.5 and 5.8 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 4.6 bln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 4.4 bln US$ and "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 2.5 bln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

12

11

10

09

08

07

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

05

−20 04

−100 03

−15

02

−80

03

−10

−60

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Other business ( 32.0 %)

Travel ( 33.4 %) Transportation ( 18.3 %) Remaining ( 16.3 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2304 Oil-cake and other solid residues.................................................................................. 1005 Maize (corn)................................................................................................................... 1201 Soya beans, whether or not broken.............................................................................. 1507 Soya-bean oil and its fractions...................................................................................... 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05....................

68

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

76 633.9 10 660.6 5 848.0 4 089.4 4 089.3 4 116.8 4 123.4 1 846.6 2 119.9 1 736.8 1 417.1

68 335.1 11 840.7 3 524.7 3 776.8 3 467.7 3 856.5 3 085.4 1 827.6 1 837.5 1 618.4 1 097.1

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

SITC code

56 752.4 US$/kg 081 9 674.7 0.5 0.5 0.4 US$/kg 044 3 131.4 0.3 0.2 US$/kg 222 4 270.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 US$/kg 421 3 815.4 1.0 0.9 0.7 thsd US$/unit 782 3 001.2 26.9 26.6 1 914.4 14.7 14.8 14.3 thsd US$/unit 781 thsd US$/kg 971 2 274.4 5.8 931 956.4 US$/kg 333 672.6 0.7 0.7 0.3 US$/kg 784 873.5 10.4 11.1 11.6

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Argentina Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-16.9 -14.3 2.2 -55.3 -18.1 -29.4 -27.1 -18.5 -11.7

100.0 43.5 18.8 2.5 9.3 5.8 13.5 0.9 5.7

59 786.8 1 511.0 1 660.2 6 571.0 11 276.6 7 232.1 26 691.8 4 302.3 541.7

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category Transportation ( 23.6 %)

Travel ( 31.5 %)

Other business ( 18.0 %)

Royalties & lic. fees ( 11.7 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.056)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

15

10

5

0

−5

0 −1

5 −1

0

100.0 2.5 2.8 11.0 18.9 12.1 44.6 7.2 0.9

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.111)

Top partner

(% share in 2014)

-8.5 0.0 -19.4 -40.4 -3.1 2.0 -2.1 6.7 -23.4

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −2

-5.3 -2.9 -11.2 -8.6 -2.4 -4.7 -5.6 -4.3 -3.4

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

40

-9.4 -5.9 -9.4 -26.7 -8.2 -13.9 -13.0 -14.2 -5.9

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

56 752.4 24 689.5 10 658.4 1 428.3 5 289.1 3 287.0 7 641.0 524.2 3 234.9

2015 share

0%

2015

20

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 44.6, 18.9 and 12.1 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons" (HS code 2711) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Brazil, China and the United States, accounting for respectively 23.3, 17.0 and 12.4 percent of total imports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 5.4 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 4.0 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 3.1 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Remaining ( 15.2 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 3002 Human blood; animal blood prepared for therapeutic uses.......................................... 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 8529 Parts suitable for use with the apparatus of headings 85.25 to 85.28.........................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

73 655.5 5 023.7 7 064.4 5 010.4 4 054.3 2 615.9 1 126.0 1 410.8 843.5 817.1 857.6

Source: UN Comtrade

65 323.4 5 911.1 3 567.8 4 080.7 3 163.5 2 034.4 1 081.3 941.4 855.9 659.2 626.7

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

SITC code

59 786.8 US$/kg 343 3 553.0 0.7 0.7 0.4 3 345.0 12.5 12.2 16.3 thsd US$/unit 781 US$/kg 334 2 121.0 1.0 0.9 0.6 US$/kg 784 2 820.6 8.9 8.9 8.1 764 2 778.5 US$/kg 542 1 227.3 60.2 55.7 72.2 thsd US$/unit 782 941.2 22.5 23.1 US$/kg 541 965.1 593.0 776.4 759.0 US$/unit 752 701.4 48.7 52.8 US$/kg 764 658.5 28.4 27.4 29.1

69

Armenia Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Armenia decreased slightly by 0.5 percent to reach 1.5 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 21.7 percent to reach 3.3 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 1.8 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG CIS at -840.0 mln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Armenia were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 11 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 16 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Armenia increased substantially by 48.3 percent, reaching 1.6 bln US$, while its imports of services increased substantially by 41.8 percent and reached 1.7 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a relatively small trade in services deficit of 92.2 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

5

Imports

Trade Balance

4

Exports

2

Imports

Trade Balance

1.5

3

1

2 1

0.5

0

0

−1

−0.5

(na) (na)

−2

Exports Profile: "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 26.2, 25.6 and 22.2 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Copper ores and concentrates" (HS code 2603) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were the Russian Federation, China and Germany, accounting for respectively 19.4, 9.1 and 8.8 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 965.8 mln US$, followed by "Construction services" (EBOPS code 249) at 211.4 mln US$ and "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 181.5 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

13

20

12

20

10

09

11

20

20

20

08

20

07

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

05

−2 04

−5 03

−1.5

02

−4

03

−1

−3

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 59.7 %)

Construction ( 13.1 %)

Transportation ( 11.2 %) Remaining ( 16.0 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2603 Copper ores and concentrates....................................................................................... 2208 Alcohol of a strength by volume of less than 80 % vol................................................ 2402 Cigars, cheroots, cigarillos and cigarettes.................................................................... 7102 Diamonds, whether or not worked, but not mounted or set......................................... 7202 Ferro-alloys.................................................................................................................... 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 7607 Aluminium foil (whether or not printed or backed with paper, paperboard................. 2716 Electrical energy............................................................................................................ 7402 Unrefined copper; copper anodes for electrolytic refining........................................... 2616 Precious metal ores and concentrates..........................................................................

70

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

1 467.8 279.9 186.2 68.0 88.1 102.4 73.6 80.4 78.0 90.2 0.0

1 490.2 235.9 163.7 115.9 118.0 109.7 81.9 88.5 81.3 71.8 32.7

1 482.7 316.6 92.5 170.5 77.3 55.5 98.9 82.9 77.5 65.5 31.6

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

SITC code

1.6 1.3 1.0 13.2 12.5 8.7 10.2 11.0 10.3

283 112 122 667 671 971 684 351 682 289

US$/kg US$/litre US$/kg

US$/kg 15.4 16.9 9.9 26.8 22.6 34.0 thsd US$/kg US$/kg 3.0 2.9 2.8 59.4 61.9 55.1 US$/MWh US$/kg 8.3 7.3 5.6 US$/kg 4.5 5.6 4.9

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Armenia Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2.9 14.2 5.3 -2.3 10.5 -9.2 -17.7 33.3 8.5

-0.5 -7.2 27.2 2.3 11.2 -26.3 1.5 23.1 31.7

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

100.0 25.6 26.2 6.2 1.5 22.2 1.8 8.9 7.6

3 257.0 608.0 108.6 673.7 370.4 608.7 589.8 273.5 24.2

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.119)

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 59.9 %)

Transportation ( 27.2 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.077)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

0%

0.2

0

.2 −0

.4 −0

.6 −0

.8 −0

−1

Top partner

.2

100.0 18.7 3.3 20.7 11.4 18.7 18.1 8.4 0.7

40

Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −1

-21.7 -18.2 -11.6 -17.2 -17.2 -26.5 -15.2 -20.1 -85.4

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015)

Imports

.4

-5.6 -4.0 -1.3 -4.4 -1.6 -5.9 -6.7 -3.3 -41.7

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015)

−1

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

60

1 482.7 379.7 387.7 92.4 22.4 329.1 26.3 132.2 112.8

2015 share

10

2015

0.4

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 20.7, 18.7 and 18.7 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons" (HS code 2711) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the Russian Federation, China and the Islamic Republic of Iran, accounting for respectively 27.1, 9.5 and 5.1 percent of total imports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 1.0 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 465.1 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Remaining ( 13.0 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 7102 Diamonds, whether or not worked, but not mounted or set......................................... 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 1001 Wheat and meslin......................................................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 7601 Unwrought aluminium................................................................................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 2402 Cigars, cheroots, cigarillos and cigarettes....................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

4 256.2 575.6 341.6 116.4 168.6 109.6 108.7 61.6 53.3 48.9 60.0

Source: UN Comtrade

4 159.5 467.3 321.2 148.3 145.1 101.0 100.8 60.8 57.7 59.2 43.7

3 257.0 432.9 217.4 87.4 23.3 93.9 70.6 87.9 59.5 46.1 43.3

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

0.3 1.0

0.3 1.0

0.3 0.8

43.9 40.8 36.6 80.8 75.8 25.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 17.3 19.5 4.9 2.1 2.1 2.1 20.2 18.7 15.5

SITC code

US$/kg US$/kg

343 334 667 thsd US$/kg 971 US$/kg 542 US$/kg 041 thsd US$/unit 781 US$/kg 684 764 US$/kg 122

71

Aruba Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of Aruba decreased substantially by 30.7 percent to reach 116.2 mln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased slightly by 1.5 percent to reach 1.3 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 1.2 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed North America at -699.9 mln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Aruba were moderately concentrated amongst partners; imports were highly concentrated. The top 4 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 5 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Aruba increased moderately by 8.4 percent, reaching 2.0 bln US$, while its imports of services increased slightly by 2.9 percent and reached 917.3 mln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services surplus of 1.1 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

1.5

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

2.5

Imports

Trade Balance

2 1

1.5 1

0.5 (na)

0.5

0

(na)

0 (na)

(na)

−0.5

−0.5

−1 −1.5

−1

−2 −1.5

Exports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) and "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 68.1, 9.2 and 9.1 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Alcohol of a strength by volume of less than 80 % vol" (HS code 2208) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Colombia, the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela and Curaçao, accounting for respectively 36.3, 18.8 and 14.0 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 1.6 bln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 248.0 mln US$ and "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 112.8 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

12

11

10

09

08

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

07

20

05

06

20

20

04

20

03

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−2.5

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 78.8 %)

Remaining ( 3.6 %) Transportation ( 5.5 %)

Other business ( 12.1 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2208 Alcohol of a strength by volume of less than 80 % vol................................................ 2402 Cigars, cheroots, cigarillos and cigarettes.................................................................... 7113 Articles of jewellery and parts thereof, of precious metal........................................... 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 7204 Ferrous waste and scrap; remelting scrap ingots of iron or steel................................ 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 3303 Perfumes and toilet waters........................................................................................... 7305 Other tubes and pipes (for example, welded, riveted or similarly closed)................... 2204 Wine of fresh grapes, including fortified wines........................................................... 4202 Trunks, suit-cases, vanity-cases, executive-cases, brief-cases....................................

72

Source: UN Comtrade

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

173.1 70.0 56.0 4.4 3.9 2.2 3.4 1.9 2.9 1.7 0.4

167.8 78.4 44.8 8.4 3.9 2.7 2.3 1.6 0.5 1.0 0.7

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

116.2 61.2 11.5 12.6 14.3 US$/litre US$/kg 15.7 10.9 11.5 10.0 3.8 1.9 5.3 5.0 thsd US$/kg 2.9 US$/kg 2.8 0.2 0.2 0.3 thsd US$/kg 0.0 12.0 US$/kg 1.3 40.8 52.6 34.7 US$/kg 0.0 2.5 1.9 2.3 0.7 3.6 2.9 3.5 US$/litre 1.7

SITC code 112 122 897 931 282 971 553 679 112 831

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Aruba Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

116.2 79.2 3.2 0.3 5.3 4.0 10.6 10.7 3.0

-1.7 -6.2 63.0 20.9 17.1 6.4 21.9 14.4 -10.0

2014 share

-30.7 -36.7 -1.0 4884.3 -6.4 -21.5 12.3 -17.8 -52.6

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

100.0 68.1 2.7 0.2 4.6 3.5 9.1 9.2 2.5

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

1 284.1 351.8 22.6 93.0 114.7 133.9 261.0 286.4 20.7

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

-1.5 -13.5 4.9 -1.0 11.2 -4.8 8.1 2.0 34.9

100.0 27.4 1.8 7.2 8.9 10.4 20.3 22.3 1.6

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Mln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014) Imports

4.6 1.2 4.2 7.4 3.5 5.1 7.0 5.7 30.4

SITC Legend

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014) Exports

Trade balance

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.337)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.189)

(% share in 2014) Other business ( 30.8 %)

Travel ( 35.8 %) Transportation ( 13.6 %)

0%

%

Top partner

10

80

% 60

40

20

20

40

60

80

10

0 10

−1

−2

−3

−4

−5

−6

−7

−8

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category

%

25 th %

25 th 0%

South−eastern Asia

%

20 th

%

20 th

%

Eastern Asia

%

15 th

0%

15 th

0

Latin Am, Caribbean

00

10 th

00

10 th

00

Developed N. America

00

5 th

00

5 th

00

Developed Europe

00

Top partner

00

Developed Asia−Pacific

Imports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) and "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 27.4, 22.3 and 20.3 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the United States, the Netherlands and Areas nes, accounting for respectively 50.7, 11.3 and 10.0 percent of total imports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 328.5 mln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 282.7 mln US$ and "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 125.1 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Remaining ( 19.6 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 2208 Alcohol of a strength by volume of less than 80 % vol................................................ 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 7113 Articles of jewellery and parts thereof, of precious metal........................................... 2402 Cigars, cheroots, cigarillos and cigarettes.................................................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 9102 Wrist-watches, pocket-watches and other watches, of base metal............................ 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 9403 Other furniture and parts thereof.................................................................................. 9101 Wrist-watches, pocket-watches and other watches, precious metal..........................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

1 259.8 94.8 77.9 47.8 38.0 61.8 21.1 20.2 19.0 13.1 14.8

Source: UN Comtrade

1 303.3 86.2 97.6 51.4 46.6 43.5 29.5 15.7 15.2 18.6 18.6

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

1 284.1 US$/kg 91.2 1.0 1.0 1.0 61.0 9.2 12.6 12.5 US$/litre 51.1 15.9 15.5 14.7 thsd US$/unit 44.4 2.2 3.0 1.0 thsd US$/kg US$/kg 16.4 11.9 11.6 10.3 28.0 18.3 US$/kg 18.7 51.2 49.1 39.8 20.5 17.0

SITC code 334 112 781 897 122 764 885 542 821 885

73

Australia Goods Imports: FOB, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Australia decreased substantially by 21.9 percent to reach 187.8 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 12.1 percent to reach 200.1 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small deficit of 12.3 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at -27.3 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Australia were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 11 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 15 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Australia increased slightly by 1.3 percent, reaching 54.5 bln US$, while its imports of services decreased moderately by 6.6 percent and reached 63.0 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a relatively small trade in services deficit of 8.5 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

300 250 200 150 100 50 0 −50 −100 −150 −200 −250 −300

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

80

Imports

Trade Balance

60 40 20 (na)

0 (na)

−20 −40 −60

Exports Profile: "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 32.0, 25.3 and 15.3 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Iron ores and concentrates, including roasted iron pyrites" (HS code 2601) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were China, Japan and the Republic of Korea, accounting for respectively 33.8, 15.3 and 7.2 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 32.0 bln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 8.2 bln US$ and "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 4.7 bln US$ (see graph 3).

14

13

15 20

20

11

10

09

08

12

20

20

20

20

20

07

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

02

03

20

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−80

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 58.8 %) Other business ( 15.1 %)

Remaining ( 9.4 %)

Transportation ( 8.7 %) Financial ( 5.5 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) Unit value SITC 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 code 2013 2014 2015 2013 2014 2015 Unit All Commodities............................................................................................................ 252 155.1 240 444.7 187 792.2 2601 Iron ores and concentrates, including roasted iron pyrites........................................... 67 209.0 60 174.4 36 735.5 0.1 0.1 0.0 US$/kg 281 2701 Coal; briquettes, ovoids and similar solid fuels manufactured from coal.................... 38 423.5 34 430.8 28 418.5 0.1 0.1 0.1 US$/kg 321 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 15 255.0 17 154.0 12 884.8 0.6 0.7 0.4 US$/kg 343 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 13 385.9 12 031.1 10 683.1 42.4 38.2 35.3 thsd US$/kg 971 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 931 8 648.1 7 947.9 7 095.4 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. US$/kg 333 8 675.4 9 633.2 4 570.3 0.9 0.8 0.4 2818 Artificial corundum, whether or not chemically defined............................................... US$/kg 522 5 338.2 5 270.6 4 990.8 0.3 0.3 0.3 1001 Wheat and meslin......................................................................................................... US$/kg 041 5 875.6 5 343.4 4 371.5 0.3 0.3 0.3 2603 Copper ores and concentrates....................................................................................... US$/kg 283 4 968.5 4 911.3 3 659.5 2.3 2.2 1.9 0202 Meat of bovine animals, frozen..................................................................................... US$/kg 011 3 566.5 4 676.6 4 506.2 4.0 4.5 4.4 HS code

74

Source: UN Comtrade

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Australia Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-21.9 -4.1 -31.6 -25.7 -16.7 -19.7 -9.0 -2.5 -10.2

100.0 15.3 32.0 25.3 2.9 5.9 6.4 2.5 9.6

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

200 113.8 12 543.2 2 913.4 21 747.5 20 188.3 24 414.8 79 237.9 30 263.4 8 805.2

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Transportation ( 23.8 %)

Travel ( 41.7 %) Other business ( 15.2 %) Royalties & lic. fees ( 6.4 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.146)

Top partner

25 th 10

80

60

40

20

20

40

0%

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

%

15 th

0%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

%

0 10

80

60

40

20

0

0 −2

0 −4

0

100.0 6.3 1.5 10.9 10.1 12.2 39.6 15.1 4.4

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.087)

Top partner

−6

0

-12.1 -6.5 -8.8 -40.0 -9.9 -5.9 -6.8 -3.4 -11.9

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −8

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

-3.9 2.4 -4.0 -13.9 -4.9 -1.2 -2.3 1.1 -10.7

60

-8.6 1.3 -11.3 -11.0 -9.1 -9.4 -1.9 -3.0 -9.0

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

80

187 792.2 28 706.4 60 149.3 47 494.2 5 513.3 11 101.3 12 050.7 4 741.4 18 035.5

2015 share

0%

2015

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 39.6, 15.1 and 12.2 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport" (HS code 8703) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were China, the United States and Japan, accounting for respectively 20.9, 10.7 and 7.3 percent of total imports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 26.3 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 15.0 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 9.6 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Remaining ( 12.8 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) Unit value 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2013 2014 2015 2013 2014 2015 Unit All Commodities............................................................................................................ 232 481.3 227 544.2 200 113.8 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 17 646.8 15 849.9 15 298.5 19.4 19.2 16.8 thsd US$/unit 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 17 592.8 16 866.4 13 867.0 0.9 0.9 0.6 US$/kg 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 19 494.4 18 305.8 US$/kg 7 103.2 0.9 0.8 0.4 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 6 898.3 7 064.8 7 003.9 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. US$/kg 7 488.5 6 707.5 5 451.2 131.1 116.6 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 6 657.9 6 549.6 6 301.6 284.1 273.5 311.5 US$/unit 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 4 782.3 6 375.6 5 453.3 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 6 037.3 5 260.9 4 929.3 27.3 25.8 20.5 thsd US$/unit 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 4 389.0 3 439.5 2 925.3 32.0 29.4 27.7 thsd US$/kg 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... US$/kg 2 552.3 2 343.4 2 177.5 8.1 9.1 7.6 HS code

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Source: UN Comtrade

SITC code 781 334 333 764 542 752 931 782 971 784

75

Austria Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of Austria increased slightly by 2.1 percent to reach 169.7 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased slightly by 0.5 percent to reach 172.4 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small deficit of 2.7 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at -7.4 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Austria were diversified amongst partners; imports were moderately concentrated. The top 17 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 15 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Austria increased slightly by 3.8 percent, reaching 67.0 bln US$, while its imports of services increased slightly by 4.6 percent and reached 49.4 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services surplus of 17.6 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

200

Imports

Trade Balance

150

60

100

40

50

Exports

80

Imports

Trade Balance

20 (na)

0

(na)

0

Exports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 39.2, 21.2 and 12.5 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Commodities not specified according to kind" (HS code 9999) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Germany, Italy and the United States, accounting for respectively 29.5, 6.3 and 5.5 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 20.8 bln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 18.1 bln US$ and "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 15.7 bln US$ (see graph 3).

15

13

14

20

20

12

20

10

09

11

20

20

20

07

08

20

20

05

02

06

20

20

20

20

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

07

−80 06

−200 05

−60

04

−150

03

−40

02

−100

04

(na)

−20

03

(na)

−50

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Other business ( 26.9 %)

Travel ( 31.1 %)

Transportation ( 23.5 %)

Remaining ( 10.1 %)

Computer & information ( 8.4 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 Value (million US$) Unit value 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2012 2013 2014 2012 2013 2014 Unit All Commodities............................................................................................................ 158 821.0 166 271.4 169 715.0 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 6 228.7 6 388.2 5 651.0 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. US$/kg 5 320.4 5 510.0 5 879.8 69.6 54.9 76.6 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 20.6 20.9 thsd US$/unit 4 921.6 5 734.1 5 625.5 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... US$/kg 4 556.3 4 728.7 4 826.7 9.4 10.2 10.5 8408 Compression-ignition internal combustion piston engines........................................... 2 518.7 2 763.5 2 893.6 3002 Human blood; animal blood prepared for therapeutic uses.......................................... US$/kg 2 400.5 2 650.7 2 659.1 379.9 384.8 272.9 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... US$/kg 2 342.4 2 267.3 2 133.8 1.1 8407 Spark-ignition reciprocating or rotary internal combustion piston engines................. 2 378.8 2 123.8 2 179.4 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 1 736.9 2 059.3 2 314.9 2202 Waters with added sugar.............................................................................................. 1.5 1.5 US$/litre 1 955.6 1 819.4 1 811.6 HS code

76

Source: UN Comtrade

SITC code 931 542 781 784 713 541 334 713 764 111

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Austria Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2.1 3.6 -3.4 -9.5 7.3 3.0 1.7 4.7 -11.5

100.0 7.0 2.6 2.4 12.5 21.2 39.2 11.2 3.8

172 447.5 12 611.6 8 091.2 17 290.3 23 212.0 26 677.3 57 137.5 25 109.4 2 318.2

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category Other business ( 23.5 %)

Transportation ( 33.1 %)

Remaining ( 14.1 %)

Travel ( 21.9 %)

Computer & information ( 7.5 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.106)

Top partner

25 th 10

80

60

40

20

20

40

0%

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

%

15 th

0%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

0%

80 10 0 12 0 14 0

60

40

0 20

00 −8 0 −6 0 −4 0 −2 0

20

−1

40

−1

100.0 7.3 4.7 10.0 13.5 15.5 33.1 14.6 1.3

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.154)

Top partner

(% share in 2014)

-0.5 3.3 -2.0 -11.8 4.3 1.4 -0.6 4.7 -28.6

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −1

3.4 6.0 0.3 1.8 5.3 2.8 3.9 3.8 -6.4

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

%

4.0 5.7 1.1 -3.3 6.2 3.1 5.0 3.9 -1.0

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

169 715.0 11 932.2 4 447.1 4 062.9 21 271.0 35 900.0 66 507.2 19 082.9 6 511.8

2014 share

80

2014

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 33.1, 15.5 and 14.6 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport" (HS code 8703) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Germany, Italy and Switzerland, accounting for respectively 36.8, 6.1 and 5.3 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 16.3 bln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 11.6 bln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 10.8 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 Value (million US$) Unit value 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2012 2013 2014 2012 2013 2014 Unit All Commodities............................................................................................................ 169 663.2 173 357.5 172 447.5 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 18.9 19.0 thsd US$/unit 8 632.3 8 762.6 8 831.0 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. US$/kg 6 357.4 6 534.0 5 971.0 0.9 0.8 0.8 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... US$/kg 7 330.6 6 015.7 5 413.6 1.1 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... US$/kg 4 488.5 4 644.3 4 480.1 9.1 9.6 10.4 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... US$/kg 5 655.5 4 311.7 3 513.2 0.6 0.6 0.5 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. US$/kg 3 283.0 3 495.7 3 736.8 56.5 68.1 67.0 2937 Hormones, prostaglandins, thromboxanes and leukotrienes........................................ 2 635.2 3 104.0 3 260.6 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 2 486.3 2 610.2 2 721.9 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... thsd US$/kg 44.6 2 577.6 2 468.9 1 849.9 8409 Parts suitable for use with the engines of heading 84................................................. US$/kg 2 098.0 2 180.4 2 292.8 12.4 12.4 12.3 HS code

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Source: UN Comtrade

SITC code 781 333 334 784 343 542 541 764 971 713

77

Azerbaijan Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of Azerbaijan decreased moderately by 9.0 percent to reach 21.8 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 14.7 percent to reach 9.2 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large surplus of 12.6 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at 8.5 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Azerbaijan were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 13 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 14 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Azerbaijan increased slightly by 3.3 percent, reaching 4.2 bln US$, while its imports of services increased substantially by 24.8 percent and reached 10.3 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services deficit of 6.1 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year)

Exports Profile: "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 92.8, 3.2 and 1.1 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude" (HS code 2709) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Italy, Indonesia and Israel, accounting for respectively 23.5, 9.4 and 6.8 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 2.4 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 1.1 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 427.8 mln US$ (see graph 3).

14

15 20

13

20

12

20

10

09

11

20

20

20

08

20

07

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−50

20

−40

06

−30

(na)

20

−20

Trade Balance

(na)

05

(na)

−10

Imports

20

(na)

0

04

10

20

20

03

30

20

40

Exports

12 10 8 6 4 2 0 −2 −4 −6 −8 −10 −12 02

Trade Balance

20

50

Imports

20

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 57.4 %)

Transportation ( 26.3 %)

Remaining ( 6.2 %)

Other business ( 10.1 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 1701 Cane or beet sugar and chemically pure sucrose, in solid form................................... 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 0810 Other fruit, fresh............................................................................................................ 7601 Unwrought aluminium................................................................................................... 3901 Polymers of ethylene, in primary forms......................................................................... 1516 Animal or vegetable fats and oils................................................................................. 0802 Other nuts, fresh or dried, whether or not shelled or peeled.......................................

78

Source: UN Comtrade

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

23 827.2 20 232.6 1 321.2 661.6 214.2 21.8 103.5 94.5 61.6 74.7 45.9

23 904.1 20 244.1 1 208.5 732.6 243.6 131.5 87.8 81.9 75.8 72.8 45.2

21 751.7 18 404.9 1 365.0 325.0 221.2 175.3 72.2 80.3 104.6 59.5 68.8

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

0.8 0.8 0.3 1.0

0.8 0.7 0.3 1.0

0.8 0.6 0.2 1.0

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

0.8 1.6 1.1 2.5 4.4

0.8 1.5 1.2 2.5 4.3

1.0 1.5 1.2 2.3 5.7

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

SITC code 333 334 343 061 931 057 684 571 431 057

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Azerbaijan Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

-9.0 0.5 -25.0 -9.2 31.7 -24.6 -46.7 -18.1 33.3

100.0 3.2 0.8 92.8 1.1 0.9 0.4 0.1 0.8

9 178.6 1 451.6 220.6 297.1 865.7 1 807.7 3 462.1 615.7 458.0

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

100.0 15.8 2.4 3.2 9.4 19.7 37.7 6.7 5.0

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.074)

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 29.2 %)

Construction ( 38.1 %)

Other business ( 18.1 %) Remaining ( 5.1 %)

Transportation ( 9.5 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.087)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

10

8

6

4

2

0

Top partner

−2

-14.7 -1.5 -46.6 109.8 -6.8 -9.1 -17.4 -8.9 -51.9

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −4

8.6 6.5 -4.4 41.7 10.3 6.1 6.5 12.1 80.2

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

40

0.6 12.2 -0.8 0.1 15.4 4.1 -20.5 -9.5 92.9

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

21 751.7 692.9 172.4 20 177.2 231.1 200.9 87.2 14.8 175.3

2014 share

0%

2014

12

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 37.7, 19.7 and 15.8 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport" (HS code 8703) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Turkey, the Russian Federation and the United Kingdom, accounting for respectively 14.5, 14.2 and 9.5 percent of total imports. "Construction services" (EBOPS code 249) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 3.9 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 3.0 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 1.9 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 2402 Cigars, cheroots, cigarillos and cigarettes.................................................................... 1001 Wheat and meslin......................................................................................................... 8802 Other aircraft (for example, helicopters, aeroplanes); spacecraft................................ 8431 Parts suitable for use principally with the machinery of headings 84.25..................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 7304 Tubes, pipes and hollow profiles, seamless, of iron (other than cast iron).................. 1701 Cane or beet sugar and chemically pure sucrose, in solid form................................... 8481 Taps, cocks, valves and similar appliances for pipes, boiler shells..............................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

9 641.7 547.2 0.0 298.5 330.0 341.0 189.3 209.5 198.7 175.6 136.6

Source: UN Comtrade

10 763.4 556.3 896.0 333.0 395.3 420.3 222.9 214.2 240.7 201.5 193.1

9 178.6 472.6 410.1 390.2 293.9 15.0 243.2 195.9 176.2 205.3 166.5

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

SITC code

10.5

781 971 122 041 792 723 542 679 061 747

22.9 0.2 11.0 18.5 16.5 3.0 0.5 27.5

8.2 44.8 27.7 0.3 22.1 16.2 14.4 2.4 0.5 29.5

12.3 thsd US$/unit 40.4 thsd US$/kg US$/kg 32.7 US$/kg 0.2 5.0 mln US$/unit US$/kg 25.8 US$/kg 12.6 US$/kg 3.0 US$/kg 0.5 US$/kg 32.2

79

Bahamas Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of the Bahamas decreased substantially by 15.1 percent to reach 689.2 mln US$, while its merchandise imports increased substantially by 12.6 percent to reach 3.8 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 3.1 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed North America at -2.7 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in the Bahamas were highly concentrated amongst partners; imports were also highly concentrated. The top 1 partner accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and the same number of partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of the Bahamas increased slightly by 1.7 percent, reaching 2.7 bln US$, while its imports of services increased moderately by 5.6 percent and reached 1.7 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services surplus of 996.6 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year)

Exports Profile: "Chemicals" (SITC section 5), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 40.1, 24.0 and 11.7 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were the United States, Ireland and France, accounting for respectively 82.6, 3.2 and 3.2 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 2.3 bln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 240.5 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

13

20

11

10

09

08

07

12

20

20

20

20

20

20

06

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−4

20

−3

05

−2

Trade Balance

(na)

20

(na)

−1

Imports

(na)

04

(na)

0

20

1

03

2

20

3

Exports

3.5 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 −0.5 −1 −1.5 −2 −2.5 −3 −3.5 02

Trade Balance

20

4

Imports

20

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 85.0 %)

Remaining ( 6.2 %)

Other business ( 8.9 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 3903 Polymers of styrene, in primary forms........................................................................... 0306 Crustaceans, whether in shell or not............................................................................ 2933 Heterocyclic compounds with nitrogen hetero-atom(s) only........................................ 3303 Perfumes and toilet waters........................................................................................... 2501 Salt (including table salt)............................................................................................... 8903 Yachts and other vessels for pleasure or sports; rowing boats and canoes................ 8205 Hand tools (including glaziers' diamonds)..................................................................... 7308 Structures (excluding prefabricated buildings of heading 94.06)................................. 3304 Beauty or make-up preparations...................................................................................

80

Source: UN Comtrade

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

828.7 319.7 155.5 78.5 75.7 38.7 12.0 2.9 5.5 1.7 6.5

811.5 237.8 184.5 86.8 61.6 34.5 20.3 30.4 6.6 14.8 8.4

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

689.2 165.3 US$/kg 171.2 2.2 2.2 3.7 US$/kg 65.4 34.3 31.6 33.6 US$/kg 75.2 587.4 630.4 792.6 US$/kg 18.4 83.1 72.9 54.3 US$/kg 31.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 18.0 23.8 178.0 27.1 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 16.0 8.6 11.8 19.6 US$/kg 9.8 0.3 0.8 0.5 US$/kg 7.7 57.0 50.3 66.6

SITC code 334 572 036 515 553 278 793 695 691 553

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Bahamas Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

-15.1 -22.4 16.1 -30.5 -6.3 3.8 -16.3 -13.1 -98.2

100.0 10.5 5.8 24.0 40.1 6.7 11.7 1.3 0.0

3 790.4 598.1 77.2 868.5 392.7 554.8 720.1 426.8 152.3

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Transportation ( 23.7 %)

Construction ( 37.4 %) Other business ( 16.5 %)

Remaining ( 1.7 %) Insurance ( 8.3 %)

Travel ( 12.3 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.687)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

0%

5 th

10

0.5

0

.5 −0

−1

.5 −1

−2

.5 −2

−3

100.0 15.8 2.0 22.9 10.4 14.6 19.0 11.3 4.0

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.737)

Top partner

.5

12.6 12.5 8.8 19.5 3.1 21.6 9.5 6.9 7.1

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −3

7.3 4.9 1.9 6.0 4.8 10.4 9.9 7.0 14.1

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

%

2.7 -1.6 -2.7 0.9 6.3 6.4 2.2 -8.1 -30.5

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

40

689.2 72.2 39.8 165.3 276.2 46.3 80.3 9.0 0.0

2014 share

60

2014

1

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 22.9, 19.0 and 15.8 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the United States, Trinidad and Tobago and Areas nes, accounting for respectively 86.4, 2.6 and 1.5 percent of total imports. "Construction services" (EBOPS code 249) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 643.1 mln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 407.7 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 284.4 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 2853 Other inorganic compounds........................................................................................... 9403 Other furniture and parts thereof.................................................................................. 3915 Waste, parings and scrap, of plastics........................................................................... 3303 Perfumes and toilet waters........................................................................................... 0207 Meat and edible offal, of the poultry of heading 01.05................................................ 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 8903 Yachts and other vessels for pleasure or sports; rowing boats and canoes................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

3 646.5 842.4 133.2 98.3 65.5 47.6 47.9 51.8 32.7 31.8 15.1

Source: UN Comtrade

3 365.3 706.5 142.1 94.2 39.8 40.2 52.4 43.3 36.9 39.5 37.3

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

3 790.4 845.9 152.2 107.7 6.8 6.1 6.0 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 35.6 10.6 8.2 5.3 51.5 35.4 US$/kg 25.2 25.5 20.7 20.8 US$/kg 45.5 4.7 5.4 5.3 39.2 48.5 11.4 34.1 27.2 thsd US$/unit

SITC code 334 931 781 524 821 579 553 012 764 793

81

Bahrain Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of Bahrain decreased moderately by 10.0 percent to reach 18.0 bln US$, while its merchandise imports increased moderately by 7.8 percent to reach 20.1 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small deficit of 2.0 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Western Asia at -4.2 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Bahrain were highly concentrated amongst partners; imports were moderately concentrated. The top 4 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 11 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Bahrain increased slightly by 2.0 percent, reaching 3.0 bln US$, while its imports of services increased slightly by 3.7 percent and reached 1.6 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a relatively large trade in services surplus of 1.4 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

25

Imports

Trade Balance

20

4

15

3

10

2

5

Exports

5

Imports

Trade Balance

1

(na)

0

(na)

0 (na)

15

14

20

13

20

11

10

09

08

07

12

20

20

20

20

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

03

20

02 20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

08

−5 07

−25 06

−4

05

−3

−20

04

−15

03

−2

02

−10

Exports Profile: "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 51.5, 20.9 and 9.8 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Areas nes, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates, accounting for respectively 52.5, 16.0 and 6.8 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 1.2 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 718.1 mln US$ and "Insurance services" (EBOPS code 253) at 408.2 mln US$ (see graph 3).

(na)

−1

20

−5

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Transportation ( 23.6 %)

Travel ( 39.3 %) Insurance ( 13.4 %)

Remaining ( 23.6 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 7604 Aluminium bars, rods and profiles................................................................................ 2601 Iron ores and concentrates, including roasted iron pyrites........................................... 7605 Aluminium wire............................................................................................................. 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 7113 Articles of jewellery and parts thereof, of precious metal........................................... 7614 Stranded wire, cables, plaited bands and the like, of aluminium................................ 3102 Mineral or chemical fertilisers, nitrogenous................................................................. 2905 Acyclic alcohols and their derivatives........................................................................... 0406 Cheese and curd............................................................................................................

82

Source: UN Comtrade

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

16 621.2 9 888.5 1 301.4 1 368.6 173.3 290.0 88.4 314.5 227.6 343.3 163.5

20 036.2 10 131.5 1 512.0 609.9 630.9 814.7 655.6 461.9 272.2 201.6 209.1

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

18 030.7 US$/kg 9 249.4 1.1 1.1 1.1 US$/kg 971.4 2.6 3.7 2.6 US$/kg 592.5 0.2 0.2 0.2 US$/kg 843.5 2.5 3.0 3.7 406.2 27.7 18.1 25.6 thsd US$/unit thsd US$/kg 469.7 54.7 US$/kg 367.8 2.7 2.7 2.9 US$/kg 253.3 0.5 0.3 203.2 US$/kg 198.7 6.9 6.7 7.2

SITC code 334 684 281 684 781 897 693 562 512 024

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Bahrain Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2.9 19.7 -13.9 -5.3 71.1 15.6 34.6 42.3 60.7

-10.0 -25.5 -4.0 -8.8 30.5 -9.9 -25.2 -12.9 460.3

100.0 3.5 3.8 51.5 5.3 20.9 9.8 4.9 0.3

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

20 073.7 1 834.6 1 659.1 8 044.9 1 074.6 1 691.0 4 279.9 1 209.9 279.5

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.194)

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Transportation ( 45.4 %) Travel ( 44.4 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.293)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

6

4

2

0

−2

−4

−6

−8

Top partner

0

100.0 9.1 8.3 40.1 5.4 8.4 21.3 6.0 1.4

40

Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −1

7.8 10.9 82.1 -7.3 25.2 9.2 13.2 30.8 6.0

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014)

Imports

2

5.8 11.6 -8.9 7.2 12.0 6.0 4.5 14.0 237.4

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014)

−1

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

60

18 030.7 628.0 682.6 9 281.3 952.5 3 777.2 1 768.2 884.4 56.6

2014 share

0%

2014

8

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 40.1, 21.3 and 9.1 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude" (HS code 2709) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Saudi Arabia, China and Areas nes, accounting for respectively 34.5, 8.1 and 6.5 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 734.0 mln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 718.1 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Remaining ( 10.3 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 2601 Iron ores and concentrates, including roasted iron pyrites........................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 2818 Artificial corundum, whether or not chemically defined............................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 2606 Aluminium ores and concentrates................................................................................. 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof..............................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

14 249.1 3 358.0 1 304.6 671.2 315.2 195.4 138.4 145.4 167.3 77.4 187.5

Source: UN Comtrade

18 617.5 8 486.4 1 314.2 366.8 302.5 83.7 236.3 194.4 190.4 123.0 131.2

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

20 073.7 US$/kg 7 440.1 0.8 0.8 0.8 1 421.1 24.4 13.9 9.8 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 561.8 0.2 0.2 0.1 389.1 US$/kg 403.0 0.9 0.9 275.2 49.1 43.7 40.7 thsd US$/kg US$/kg 262.4 0.3 0.3 0.4 US$/kg 222.1 67.0 54.3 61.3 US$/kg 354.0 0.3 0.4 0.3 199.9 287.3 106.4 210.1 US$/unit

SITC code 333 781 281 764 334 971 285 542 285 752

83

Bangladesh Goods Imports: CIF, by consignment

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2011, the value of merchandise exports of Bangladesh increased substantially by 26.4 percent to reach 24.3 bln US$, while its merchandise imports increased substantially by 35.1 percent to reach 41.2 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a moderate deficit of 16.9 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG South-eastern Asia at -15.9 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Bangladesh were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 13 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 15 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Bangladesh increased moderately by 8.8 percent, reaching 2.8 bln US$, while its imports of services increased substantially by 22.6 percent and reached 7.1 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services deficit of 4.3 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

50

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

8

40

Imports

Trade Balance

6

30

4

20

2

10

(na) (na) (na) (na)

(na)

0

0 (na) (na) (na) (na)

−10

(na)

−2

−20

Exports Profile: "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2011, representing respectively 81.1, 9.8 and 3.8 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2009 to 2011, the largest export commodity was "T-shirts, singlets and other vests, knitted or crocheted" (HS code 6109) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were the United States, Germany and the United Kingdom, accounting for respectively 22.9, 14.6 and 9.3 percent of total exports. "Government services, n.i.e." (EBOPS code 291) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 1.2 bln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 433.3 mln US$ and "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 388.3 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

13

20

12

20

11

20

10

20

09

20

07

08

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

05

−8 04

−50 03

−6

02

−40

03

−4

−30

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Other business ( 15.6 %) Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 44.7 %) Transportation ( 14.0 %)

Communication ( 10.2 %)

Remaining ( 10.0 %)

Travel ( 5.5 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2009 to 2011 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 6109 T-shirts, singlets and other vests, knitted or crocheted................................................ 6203 Men's or boys' suits, ensembles, jackets, blazers, trousers......................................... 6110 Jerseys, pullovers, cardigans, waist-coats and similar articles................................... 6204 Women's or girls' suits, ensembles, jackets, blazers, dresses, skirts.......................... 6205 Men's or boys' shirts..................................................................................................... 6105 Men's or boys' shirts, knitted or crocheted................................................................... 6302 Bed linen, table linen, toilet linen and kitchen linen.................................................... 0306 Crustaceans, whether in shell or not............................................................................ 5307 Yarn of jute or of other textile bast fibres of heading 53.03........................................ 6103 Men's, boys' suits,jackets,trousers etc knitted or crocheted........................................

84

Source: UN Comtrade

2009

Value (million US$) 2010 2011

15 558.6 3 146.5 2 954.3 1 836.4 1 299.6 950.2 421.4 270.0 318.5 259.9 300.8

19 231.0 3 845.5 3 523.8 2 073.7 1 568.5 1 238.9 566.4 376.6 438.0 491.4 300.7

24 313.7 4 832.3 4 545.9 2 656.3 2 076.1 1 705.6 732.2 664.1 498.2 479.4 424.2

Unit value 2009 2010 2011 Unit

5.2 7.1 5.6 5.5 4.8 5.7 7.3 0.8 5.4

10.1 11.4 13.6 13.3 13.5 11.0 6.1 8.5 1.3 10.8

21.8

25.1 34.9 27.6 31.4 23.1 15.2 17.9 2.1 25.2

US$/unit US$/unit US$/unit US$/unit US$/unit US$/unit US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/unit

SITC code 845 841 845 842 841 843 658 036 651 843

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Bangladesh Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2007-2011 2010-2011

16.6 2.0 4.3 7.0 -0.8 14.1 -4.2 19.4 -72.9

26.4 22.7 12.7 -22.3 44.1 20.4 10.0 29.1 -83.4

100.0 3.8 2.2 1.2 0.7 9.8 1.2 81.1 0.0

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

41 221.7 4 201.3 7 169.8 3 126.4 5 073.0 10 495.3 9 370.1 1 785.2 0.6

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.087)

Transportation ( 78.8 %)

Remaining ( 10.2 %)

Other business ( 5.7 %) Travel ( 5.3 %)

Top partner

0% 10

80

60

40

20

20

%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

0%

15 th

%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

10

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.093)

5 th

15

10

5

0

−5

0 −1

5

Top partner

−1

100.0 10.2 17.4 7.6 12.3 25.5 22.7 4.3 0.0

40

Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania 0

35.1 40.0 42.3 23.5 40.2 26.5 43.0 22.1 94.7

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2011)

Imports

−2

23.7 17.3 20.4 14.1 24.5 37.2 23.2 25.2 -78.3

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2011 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2011)

(% share in 2014)

Avg. Growth rates 2007-2011 2010-2011

2011

60

24 313.7 926.2 536.0 280.1 171.0 2 387.6 282.8 19 730.1 0.0

2011 share

80

2011

0%

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2011, representing respectively 25.5, 22.7 and 17.4 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2009 to 2011, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were China, Thailand and India, accounting for respectively 13.4, 12.4 and 11.1 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 5.6 bln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 404.3 mln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 380.4 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2009 to 2011 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 5201 Cotton, not carded or combed....................................................................................... 1511 Palm oil and its fractions............................................................................................... 5208 Woven fabrics of cotton, containing 85 % or more by weight of cotton...................... 1001 Wheat and meslin......................................................................................................... 1701 Cane or beet sugar and chemically pure sucrose, in solid form................................... 5209 Woven fabrics of cotton, containing 85 % or more by weight of cotton...................... 5205 Cotton yarn (other than sewing thread), containing 85 % or more.............................. 1507 Soya-bean oil and its fractions...................................................................................... 2523 Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement.......................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2009

Value (million US$) 2010 2011

23 245.0 2 316.6 1 143.1 1 278.4 680.9 788.3 584.0 575.7 409.1 534.0 301.4

Source: UN Comtrade

30 503.8 2 103.9 1 958.8 1 460.1 957.5 807.5 731.5 740.9 793.1 651.7 1 322.1

41 221.7 2 739.3 2 393.5 2 372.3 1 486.5 1 004.8 1 157.5 1 131.8 1 130.9 1 109.4 561.7

Unit value 2009 2010 2011 Unit

0.4 0.5 2.0 0.8 5.3 7.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.6 4.9 5.8 2.7 3.8 0.8 0.9 0.0 0.2

1.4 0.7

0.5

3.4 1.1 9.7 0.4 0.7 8.1 5.1 1.3 0.1

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

SITC code 334 263 422 652 041 061 652 651 421 661

85

Barbados Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Barbados increased slightly by 0.4 percent to reach 482.8 mln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased moderately by 7.0 percent to reach 1.6 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 1.1 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed North America at -505.7 mln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Barbados were diversified amongst partners; imports were moderately concentrated. The top 10 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 12 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2013, the value of exports of services of Barbados increased substantially by 19.9 percent, reaching 1.8 bln US$, while its imports of services increased substantially by 39.1 percent and reached 688.2 mln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services surplus of 1.1 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

2

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

2

1.5

1.5

1

1

0.5

0.5

0

0

−0.5

−0.5

−1

−1

−1.5

−1.5

−2

−2

Imports

Trade Balance

(na) (na)

Exports Profile: "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 29.0, 18.6 and 18.6 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were the United States, Areas nes and Trinidad and Tobago, accounting for respectively 22.6, 22.3 and 10.7 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2013 at 972.8 mln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 668.0 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

13

20

11

10

09

12

20

20

20

20

07

08

20

20

05

06

20

20

04

20

03

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

(na) (na)

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013)

Travel ( 53.0 %)

Other business ( 36.4 %)

Remaining ( 10.5 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2002 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 2208 Alcohol of a strength by volume of less than 80 % vol................................................ 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 2709 Petroleum oils, crude..................................................................................................... 2523 Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement....................................................... 7113 Articles of jewellery and parts thereof, of precious metal........................................... 9021 Orthopaedic appliances, including crutches, surgical belts and trusses...................... 4821 Paper or paperboard lables of all kinds, whether or not printed.................................. 1905 Bread, pastry, cakes, biscuits and other bakers' wares................................................ 1517 Margarine; edible mixtures...........................................................................................

86

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

467.4 128.1 49.0 45.9 24.3 20.0 8.4 17.6 12.2 9.2 10.1

480.8 116.3 45.7 45.9 26.4 19.3 11.5 16.0 12.1 11.7 10.1

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

482.8 US$/kg 75.6 1.0 1.0 0.5 45.2 3.0 2.9 3.2 US$/litre US$/kg 35.4 38.2 47.0 US$/kg 14.0 0.7 0.6 0.3 US$/kg 17.4 0.1 0.1 0.1 33.6 2.3 2.4 0.6 thsd US$/kg 16.0 US$/kg 11.0 25.3 21.9 24.7 US$/kg 8.9 3.6 3.2 3.6 US$/kg 9.3 2.9 2.9 2.8

SITC code 334 112 542 333 661 897 899 892 048 091

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Barbados Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-1.3 0.3 -1.7 -18.4 -5.7 5.4 9.0 26.9 8.2

0.4 -7.9 -11.6 -37.3 6.2 0.5 16.2 66.4 -19.5

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

100.0 18.6 1.3 18.6 15.7 8.8 6.9 29.0 1.2

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

1 617.9 325.8 43.6 301.8 175.4 190.9 354.8 218.6 6.8

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.188)

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013) Other business ( 58.8 %)

Transportation ( 15.1 %)

Travel ( 6.3 %) Remaining ( 14.8 %)

Computer & information ( 5.1 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.149)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

20

0 10

0

00 −1

00 −2

00 −3

00 −4

−5

00

Top partner

00

100.0 20.1 2.7 18.7 10.8 11.8 21.9 13.5 0.4

40

Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −6

-7.0 1.7 -4.2 -32.1 -4.5 -1.4 8.2 0.4 0.6

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015)

Imports

00

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Mln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015)

−7

-2.3 1.7 -4.1 -11.2 0.0 -1.6 1.0 1.4 -2.2

60

482.8 89.7 6.2 89.6 75.8 42.5 33.4 140.0 5.7

2015 share

0%

2015

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 21.9, 20.1 and 18.7 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the United States, Trinidad and Tobago and China, accounting for respectively 35.6, 21.0 and 5.1 percent of total imports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2013 at 404.3 mln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 104.0 mln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 43.0 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2002 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 8544 Insulated (including enamelled or anodised) wire, cable............................................. 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 7113 Articles of jewellery and parts thereof, of precious metal........................................... 2106 Food preparations not elsewhere specified or included............................................... 3923 Articles for the conveyance or packing of goods, of plastics....................................... 2202 Waters with added sugar..............................................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

1 768.7 462.9 60.1 37.7 27.0 18.3 19.7 17.1 18.2 17.8 16.9

Source: UN Comtrade

1 740.5 426.6 66.1 40.9 25.8 25.7 17.6 19.8 18.3 17.8 15.0

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

1 617.9 US$/kg 290.7 0.8 0.8 0.5 US$/kg 54.6 30.9 33.0 33.4 42.2 14.7 14.8 15.1 thsd US$/unit 23.3 US$/kg 19.4 14.3 17.7 14.0 24.7 21.6 3.1 2.9 0.4 thsd US$/kg US$/kg 19.2 2.8 0.4 3.4 US$/kg 17.8 1.4 3.4 3.2 17.3 0.9 0.9 0.8 US$/litre

SITC code 334 542 781 752 773 764 897 098 893 111

87

Belarus Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Belarus decreased substantially by 25.8 percent to reach 26.8 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 26.1 percent to reach 29.9 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small deficit of 3.2 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG CIS at -4.2 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Belarus were moderately concentrated amongst partners; imports were highly concentrated. The top 9 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 9 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Belarus increased moderately by 8.4 percent, reaching 7.5 bln US$, while its imports of services increased substantially by 24.4 percent and reached 5.5 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services surplus of 2.0 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

50

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

8

40

Imports

Trade Balance

6

30

4

20 10

2

0

0

−10

−2

(na) (na)

−20

Exports Profile: "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3), "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 29.7, 18.0 and 14.9 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were the Russian Federation, Ukraine and the United Kingdom, accounting for respectively 42.0, 10.8 and 7.0 percent of total exports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 3.7 bln US$, followed by "Construction services" (EBOPS code 249) at 1.2 bln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 867.6 mln US$ (see graph 3).

14

15 20

13

20

12

20

10

09

08

07

11

20

20

20

20

20

06

20

05

20

04

20

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

05

−8 04

−50 03

−6

02

−40

03

−4

−30

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Construction ( 16.1 %)

Transportation ( 49.4 %)

Travel ( 11.5 %)

Other business ( 8.9 %)

Remaining ( 14.0 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 3104 Mineral or chemical fertilisers, potassic....................................................................... 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 8701 Tractors (other than tractors of heading 87.09)............................................................ 0406 Cheese and curd............................................................................................................ 0402 Milk and cream, concentrated or containing added sugar........................................... 7214 Other bars and rods of iron or non-alloy steel.............................................................. 4011 New pneumatic tyres, of rubber....................................................................................

88

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

37 203.0 10 155.5 2 052.4 1 528.4 1 241.3 1 110.5 1 076.3 649.4 847.0 468.9 610.9

36 080.5 9 853.3 2 668.9 1 068.7 1 124.3 932.4 849.9 802.9 679.8 480.7 387.5

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

26 757.9 6 943.5 0.7 2 679.7 0.4 998.4 579.3 0.8 574.7 101.6 485.1 19.7 620.7 4.6 462.0 3.6 335.2 0.6 266.3 141.8

0.7 0.3

0.4 0.3

SITC code

US$/kg US$/kg

334 562 931 US$/kg 333 0.7 0.4 151.9 thsd US$/unit 782 14.8 thsd US$/unit 722 US$/kg 024 4.8 3.5 US$/kg 022 3.4 2.1 US$/kg 676 0.5 0.4 625 79.5 US$/unit

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Belarus Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-10.3 1.5 -2.2 -14.0 -9.3 -8.1 -15.0 -5.4 -17.4

-25.8 -23.1 -19.0 -34.3 -3.0 -27.0 -32.9 -31.3 -6.6

100.0 14.9 2.8 29.7 18.0 12.9 12.4 5.6 3.7

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

29 940.9 4 106.1 977.4 9 208.7 3 315.4 3 824.0 5 599.2 1 689.3 1 220.8

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.328)

Construction ( 27.4 %)

Travel ( 20.9 %) Transportation ( 27.5 %)

Remaining ( 15.2 %)

Other business ( 9.0 %)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

10

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.178)

5 th

15

10

5

0

−5

0 −1

5

Top partner

%

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −1

100.0 13.7 3.3 30.8 11.1 12.8 18.7 5.6 4.1

40

Exports

(% share in 2014)

-26.1 -7.8 -22.3 -22.3 -27.9 -33.2 -32.3 -29.9 -36.9

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015)

Imports

0

-10.1 9.5 -14.8 -16.3 -5.1 -11.0 -8.4 1.5 -17.1

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015)

−2

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

60

26 757.9 3 985.2 745.2 7 943.0 4 807.6 3 451.7 3 320.9 1 505.8 998.4

2015 share

80

2015

0%

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 30.8, 18.7 and 13.7 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude" (HS code 2709) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the Russian Federation, Germany and China, accounting for respectively 54.0, 6.0 and 5.1 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 1.5 bln US$, followed by "Construction services" (EBOPS code 249) at 1.5 bln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 1.2 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 7204 Ferrous waste and scrap; remelting scrap ingots of iron or steel................................ 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 0808 Apples, pears and quinces, fresh.................................................................................. 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof..............................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

43 022.7 8 392.1 3 512.2 1 341.3 523.6 493.3 491.6 386.9 436.3 109.9 401.2

Source: UN Comtrade

40 502.4 7 629.3 3 594.6 1 933.7 579.6 403.6 419.2 374.8 378.1 318.2 382.0

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

29 940.9 US$/kg 5 667.3 0.4 0.3 US$/kg 2 817.7 0.2 0.3 0.2 1 220.8 US$/kg 405.1 67.4 71.3 62.4 341.6 285.6 16.9 19.2 11.4 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 294.0 0.3 0.3 0.2 US$/kg 239.2 5.1 5.2 4.6 US$/kg 585.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 186.4 75.4 84.8 US$/unit

SITC code 333 343 931 542 764 781 282 784 057 752

89

Belgium Goods Imports: CIF, by origin/consignment for intra-eu

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Belgium decreased substantially by 15.8 percent to reach 397.7 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 18.1 percent to reach 371.0 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). These rates of decrease are approximately double the rates of decrease in 2014 (7.7 and 7.3 percent, respectively). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small surplus of 26.7 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at 50.6 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Belgium were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 17 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 17 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Belgium increased substantially by 10.8 percent, reaching 120.9 bln US$, while its imports of services increased substantially by 13.2 percent and reached 114.6 bln US$ (see graph 2). These rates of increase are higher than the rates of increase of 7.3 percent for both in 2013. There was a relatively small trade in services surplus of 6.3 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Imports

Trade Balance

(na)

15

13

14

20

20

11

10

09

08

07

12

20

20

20

20

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

03

20

20

02

(na)

20

15

14

Exports Profile: "Chemicals" (SITC section 5), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 29.8, 21.5 and 15.2 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Germany, France and the Netherlands, accounting for respectively 16.9, 15.6 and 11.9 percent of total exports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 49.5 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 24.9 bln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 14.0 bln US$ (see graph 3).

Exports

140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 −20 −40 −60 −80 −100 −120 −140

20

12

11

10

13

20

20

20

20

09

08

07

06

Trade Balance

20

20

20

20

04

03

Imports

20

20

20

20

20

02

600 500 400 300 200 100 0 −100 −200 −300 −400 −500 −600

05

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Transportation ( 20.6 %) Other business ( 40.9 %) Travel ( 11.6 %) Computer & information ( 6.7 %) Remaining ( 20.3 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) Unit value 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2013 2014 2015 2013 2014 2015 Unit All Commodities............................................................................................................ 511 505.0 472 201.3 397 739.2 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 48 751.7 40 829.2 24 275.2 0.9 0.8 0.5 US$/kg 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 33 329.6 30 345.9 27 251.7 164.2 157.0 146.9 US$/kg 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 32 125.5 30 288.7 27 740.9 16.6 17.7 16.2 thsd US$/unit 7102 Diamonds, whether or not worked, but not mounted or set......................................... 20 866.0 20 562.7 15 509.7 3002 Human blood; animal blood prepared for therapeutic uses.......................................... 14 050.4 16 729.0 13 345.2 0.9 1.5 1.2 thsd US$/kg 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 12 165.8 12 471.3 10 228.6 2933 Heterocyclic compounds with nitrogen hetero-atom(s) only........................................ 10 982.5 US$/kg 8 101.2 8 953.3 19.3 16.6 20.2 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 11 991.5 US$/kg 8 239.5 6 217.8 0.5 0.7 0.5 9018 Instruments and appliances used in medical, surgical, dental or veterinary............... 6 303.3 7 018.7 6 261.4 3901 Polymers of ethylene, in primary forms......................................................................... US$/kg 6 770.4 6 218.7 5 711.7 1.9 1.9 1.6 HS code

90

Source: UN Comtrade

SITC code 334 542 781 667 541 931 515 343 872 571

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Belgium Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-15.8 -12.7 -20.1 -38.2 -12.3 -17.6 -10.6 -8.1 -17.9

100.0 9.3 2.8 8.4 29.8 15.2 21.5 10.2 2.9

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

371 025.0 30 743.8 15 177.0 45 655.1 96 537.4 52 867.8 88 442.7 36 786.3 4 814.9

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

(% share in 2014) Travel ( 20.8 %)

Other business ( 36.6 %)

Transportation ( 19.8 %)

Computer & information ( 5.0 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.083)

Top partner

25 th 10

80

60

40

20

20

40

0%

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

%

15 th

0%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

%

0

0

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category

30

0

25

0

20

0

15

10

50

0

0 −5

50

00

00 −1

−1

50

100.0 8.3 4.1 12.3 26.0 14.2 23.8 9.9 1.3

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.073)

Top partner

−2

-18.1 -16.4 -23.8 -38.6 -10.8 -18.2 -12.0 -14.2 -12.7

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −2

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

-5.6 -2.7 -10.0 -12.0 -2.0 -8.1 -4.4 -2.4 -10.6

60

-4.4 -1.8 -7.4 -10.3 -3.1 -8.2 -3.4 -0.2 0.3

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

80

397 739.2 36 907.1 11 009.4 33 315.3 118 366.0 60 328.7 85 658.6 40 453.5 11 700.8

2015 share

0%

2015

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Chemicals" (SITC section 5), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 26.0, 23.8 and 14.2 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport" (HS code 8703) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the Netherlands, Germany and France, accounting for respectively 19.2, 13.2 and 10.1 percent of total imports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 41.9 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 23.8 bln US$ and "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 22.7 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Remaining ( 17.8 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) Unit value 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2013 2014 2015 2013 2014 2015 Unit All Commodities............................................................................................................ 488 527.2 452 772.5 371 025.0 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 30 018.4 26 947.4 28 418.0 19.7 20.4 18.4 thsd US$/unit 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 36 997.6 29 191.2 17 586.9 0.8 0.8 0.5 US$/kg 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 25 317.7 23 413.4 21 999.4 126.5 109.0 103.0 US$/kg 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 28 489.1 27 379.6 14 525.0 0.8 0.7 0.4 US$/kg 7102 Diamonds, whether or not worked, but not mounted or set......................................... 20 913.1 19 755.4 15 594.4 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 20 792.3 13 803.4 10 723.9 0.6 0.6 0.5 US$/kg 3002 Human blood; animal blood prepared for therapeutic uses.......................................... 12 671.5 13 811.8 12 218.1 1.3 0.7 1.0 thsd US$/kg 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 10 539.9 US$/kg 9 396.8 7 098.8 8.1 8.1 6.9 2933 Heterocyclic compounds with nitrogen hetero-atom(s) only........................................ US$/kg 7 822.7 7 405.7 9 448.8 62.5 56.8 78.6 9018 Instruments and appliances used in medical, surgical, dental or veterinary............... 5 955.4 5 814.0 5 495.0 HS code

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Source: UN Comtrade

SITC code 781 334 542 333 667 343 541 784 515 872

91

Belize Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Belize decreased moderately by 9.9 percent to reach 328.9 mln US$, while its merchandise imports increased slightly by 2.6 percent to reach 1.0 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 699.8 mln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Latin America and the Caribbean at -258.3 mln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Belize were moderately concentrated amongst partners; imports were also moderately concentrated. The top 6 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 9 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Belize increased substantially by 10.4 percent, reaching 494.3 mln US$, while its imports of services increased moderately by 8.1 percent and reached 224.6 mln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services surplus of 269.7 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Mln US$ by year) Exports

1.2 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 −0.2 −0.4 −0.6 −0.8 −1 −1.2

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

500

Imports

Trade Balance

400 300 200 100

(na)

0 (na)

−100 −200 −300 −400

Exports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Not classified elsewhere in the SITC" (SITC section 9) and "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 60.7, 15.0 and 8.2 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Cane or beet sugar and chemically pure sucrose, in solid form" (HS code 1701) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were the United States, the United Kingdom and Mexico, accounting for respectively 38.8, 23.5 and 5.2 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 379.6 mln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 47.4 mln US$ and "Government services, n.i.e." (EBOPS code 291) at 29.2 mln US$ (see graph 3).

14

15 20

12

13

20

20

10

09

11

20

20

20

07

08

20

20

05

06

20

20

04

20

03

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−500

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 76.8 %)

Remaining ( 7.7 %)

Other business ( 9.6 %) Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 5.9 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 1701 Cane or beet sugar and chemically pure sucrose, in solid form................................... 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 2009 Fruit juices (including grape must) and vegetable juices.............................................. 0306 Crustaceans, whether in shell or not............................................................................ 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 0803 Bananas, including plantains, fresh or dried................................................................. 2309 Preparations of a kind used in animal feeding.............................................................. 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 0713 Dried leguminous vegetables, shelled, whether or not skinned or split...................... 0807 Melons (including watermelons) and papaws (papayas), fresh...................................

92

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

415.7 53.7 46.7 54.7 54.8 70.1 48.5 13.6 10.6 8.0 10.3

364.9 55.1 62.6 46.2 52.1 51.1 ... 12.5 7.3 8.3 6.6

328.9 67.2 49.4 45.7 39.6 18.2 ... 5.9 8.6 8.5 6.5

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

0.5

0.5

0.2

US$/kg

1.8 7.5

1.9 7.7 1.3

0.9 3.9

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

0.5 0.3 1.0 1.3 0.4

0.2 1.0 1.4 0.4

0.3 0.5 0.2

SITC code 061 931 059 036 333 057 081 334 054 057

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Belize Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-9.9 -0.5 27.1 -54.0 65.0 15.7 6.0 33.5 -21.1

100.0 60.7 1.9 8.2 2.2 1.8 5.8 4.3 15.0

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

1 028.7 205.4 26.0 113.8 97.6 144.3 264.3 174.5 2.9

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

(% share in 2014) Travel ( 21.6 %)

Transportation ( 36.4 %)

Other business ( 15.8 %)

Insurance ( 13.6 %) Remaining ( 7.4 %)

Top partner

0% 10

80

60

40

20

20

80

%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

0%

15 th

%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

0

0

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.234)

5 th

15

10

50

0

0 −5

00

00

50

00

50

50

−1

−1

−2

−2

−3

00

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.153)

Top partner

−3

100.0 20.0 2.5 11.1 9.5 14.0 25.7 17.0 0.3

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −4

2.6 -5.8 6.5 -24.0 7.0 7.0 22.9 5.6 -22.5

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Mln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

5.3 20.0 16.0 -5.8 8.2 10.0 20.8 34.8 -66.6

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

40

-4.5 1.6 -6.8 -35.4 7.4 10.4 28.7 25.1 20.7

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

328.9 199.7 6.2 26.9 7.4 5.9 19.2 14.2 49.4

2015 share

0%

2015

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 25.7, 20.0 and 17.0 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the United States, Curaçao and Mexico, accounting for respectively 32.4, 11.2 and 10.9 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 81.6 mln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 48.5 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 35.4 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 5.3 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 2402 Cigars, cheroots, cigarillos and cigarettes.................................................................... 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 2309 Preparations of a kind used in animal feeding.............................................................. 4202 Trunks, suit-cases, vanity-cases, executive-cases, brief-cases.................................... 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 2523 Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement....................................................... 3808 Insecticides, rodenticides, fungicides, herbicides........................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

931.2 127.3 211.1 8.9 22.3 17.1 5.8 1.3 13.9 14.9 13.5

Source: UN Comtrade

1 002.4 133.0 3.7 59.4 28.1 20.8 23.7 22.0 16.2 14.2 13.4

1 028.7 101.2 2.9 56.0 29.0 19.5 16.1 20.5 12.1 11.5 13.6

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

1.0

1.1

5.6 9.1 10.1 4.1 4.6 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.1 4.6

0.9 0.1 4.7

0.3

SITC code

US$/kg

334 931 US$/kg 122 2.6 thsd US$/unit 782 3.5 thsd US$/unit 781 US$/kg 081 0.5 831 US$/kg 343 0.3 US$/kg 661 0.0 US$/kg 591 2.1

93

Benin Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of Benin increased substantially by 58.0 percent to reach 951.0 mln US$, while its merchandise imports increased substantially by 22.3 percent to reach 3.6 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 2.6 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at -916.5 mln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Benin were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 15 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 16 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2013, the value of exports of services of Benin increased substantially by 25.6 percent, reaching 511.2 mln US$, while its imports of services increased substantially by 32.9 percent and reached 756.9 mln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services deficit of 245.7 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Mln US$ by year) Exports

4

Imports

Trade Balance

3

600

2

400

1

Exports

800

Imports

Trade Balance

200 (na)

(na) (na)

0

0

Exports Profile: "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 35.0, 23.0 and 13.8 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Cotton, not carded or combed" (HS code 5201) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were China, India and Nigeria, accounting for respectively 16.4, 10.1 and 7.9 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2012 at 169.4 mln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 110.6 mln US$ and "Financial services" (EBOPS code 260) at 41.2 mln US$ (see graph 3).

14

15 20

12

13

20

20

10

09

11

20

20

20

07

08

20

20

05

06

20

20

20

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

07

−800 06

−4 05

−600

04

−3

03

−400

02

−2

04

(na) (na)

−200

03

(na)

−1

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2012) Transportation ( 27.2 %) Travel ( 41.6 %)

Financial ( 10.1 %)

Remaining ( 9.1 %)

Communication ( 6.1 %) Other business ( 6.0 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2002 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 5201 Cotton, not carded or combed....................................................................................... 0801 Coconuts, Brazil nuts and cashew nuts, fresh or dried................................................. 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8431 Parts suitable for use principally with the machinery of headings 84.25..................... 7213 Bars and rods, hot-rolled, in irregularly wound coils.................................................... 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 2523 Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement....................................................... 0802 Other nuts, fresh or dried.............................................................................................. 8802 Other aircraft (for example, helicopters, aeroplanes); spacecraft................................ 8903 Yachts and other vessels for pleasure or sports; rowing boats and canoes................

94

Source: UN Comtrade

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

460.3 148.1 50.4 37.3 0.3 32.1 19.5 2.2 8.6 ... ...

602.0 235.3 62.5 34.8 2.8 25.3 21.3 13.0 14.8 ... 0.1

951.0 287.9 65.1 100.2 73.0 13.0 21.6 38.5 22.5 44.7 44.2

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

1.5

1.5

1.6

US$/kg

1.0 1.0 1.0 3.0 13.3 14.9 0.8 0.7 0.6

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

0.1

US$/kg

0.1

0.1

SITC code 263 057 334 723 676 971 661 057 792 793

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Benin Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

58.0 -4.0 15.6 179.4 72.9 26.6 1073.9 532.3 0.2

100.0 13.8 35.0 10.9 1.0 12.2 23.0 1.8 2.3

3 596.1 1 622.5 175.4 515.0 179.4 360.7 650.1 91.8 1.2

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2012) Transportation ( 64.4 %)

Other business ( 7.6 %) Travel ( 7.5 %) Remaining ( 4.6 %) Construction ( 5.1 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.061)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

0%

0.2

0

.2 −0

.4 −0

.6 −0

.8 −0

100.0 45.1 4.9 14.3 5.0 10.0 18.1 2.6 0.0

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.065)

Top partner

−1

.2

22.3 49.5 -4.9 24.1 10.1 -13.2 9.9 12.1 -71.1

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −1

13.9 24.7 -5.4 5.3 5.2 6.6 21.5 -2.5 110.2

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

40

15.5 -14.6 23.3 27.1 20.7 27.7 63.1 76.0 -1.7

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

951.0 131.1 332.6 104.0 9.6 116.3 219.0 16.7 21.6

2014 share

10

2014

0.4

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 45.1, 18.1 and 14.3 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Rice" (HS code 1006) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were France, India and Togo, accounting for respectively 10.8, 10.2 and 9.0 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2012 at 366.8 mln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 43.4 mln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 42.5 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Insurance ( 5.5 %) Communication ( 5.4 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2002 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 1006 Rice................................................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 0207 Meat and edible offal, of the poultry of heading 01.05................................................ 2716 Electrical energy............................................................................................................ 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 2523 Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement....................................................... 8905 Light-vessels, fire-floats, dredgers, floating cranes and other vessels........................ 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 1511 Palm oil and its fractions............................................................................................... 6309 Worn clothing and other worn articles.........................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

2 316.4 315.2 358.0 217.9 122.0 72.8 79.5 0.0 65.1 62.0 55.9

Source: UN Comtrade

2 940.7 595.4 261.5 229.3 136.8 77.9 82.2 50.4 63.6 66.2 56.3

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

3 596.1 US$/kg 1 023.4 0.6 0.4 0.7 US$/kg 348.8 0.7 0.8 0.7 US$/kg 244.9 1.2 1.3 1.2 136.3 70.2 66.1 60.6 US$/MWh US$/kg 89.8 7.3 15.1 10.8 US$/kg 46.6 0.1 0.1 0.1 149.3 70.1 14.3 18.1 18.3 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 50.9 0.7 0.7 0.8 US$/kg 54.8 1.1 1.1 1.1

SITC code 042 334 012 351 542 661 793 781 422 269

95

Bermuda Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Bermuda decreased substantially by 28.0 percent to reach 8.6 mln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased slightly by 3.3 percent to reach 928.9 mln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 920.3 mln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed North America at -739.7 mln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Bermuda were highly concentrated amongst partners; imports were also highly concentrated. The top 1 partner accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 2 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Bermuda increased slightly by 0.5 percent, reaching 1.4 bln US$, while its imports of services increased moderately by 8.9 percent and reached 977.9 mln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services surplus of 399.3 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

2.5

Imports

Trade Balance

2 1.5 1 0.5

(na) (na) (na) (na) (na) (na) (na) (na) (na) (na)

(na)

(na)

(na)

(na)

0 (na) (na) (na)

−0.5 −1 −1.5 −2

Exports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) and "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 44.8, 27.4 and 12.9 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Other string musical instruments (for example, guitars, violins, harps)" (HS code 9202) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were the United States, the United Kingdom and Areas nes, accounting for respectively 53.9, 39.0 and 3.5 percent of total exports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 505.3 mln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 408.7 mln US$ and "Financial services" (EBOPS code 260) at 175.0 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

12

13

20

20

10

09

11

20

20

20

08

20

07

20

06

20

04

05

20

20

03

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−2.5 20

1.2 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 −0.2 −0.4 −0.6 −0.8 −1 −1.2

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 29.7 %)

Other business ( 36.7 %) Financial ( 12.7 %) Insurance ( 7.9 %)

Remaining ( 13.0 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 9202 Other string musical instruments (for example, guitars, violins, harps)....................... 2208 Alcohol of a strength by volume of less than 80 % vol................................................ 8525 Transmission apparatus for radio-telephony, radio-broadcasting................................ 9209 Parts (for example, mechanisms for musical boxes) and accessories.......................... 8803 Parts of goods of heading 88.01 or 88.02..................................................................... 9705 Collections and collectors'pieces of zoological, botanical, mineralogical................... 8511 Electrical ignition or starting equipment....................................................................... 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 9401 Seats (other than those of heading 94.02).................................................................... 8414 Air or vacuum pumps, air or other gas compressors and fans......................................

96

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

21.7 10.0 ... 1.8 2.6 1.9 ... 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.4

12.0 0.0 2.4 0.9 0.0 0.1 1.3 0.6 0.2 0.0 0.4

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

8.6 0.0 3.4 0.0 0.0 0.2 ... 0.0 1.0 1.1 0.0

4.5 2.2

0.7 3.7 3.1 0.4 1.3

2.5 3.4 3.2 0.0 0.1

thsd US$/unit US$/litre thsd US$/unit mln US$/kg thsd US$/kg mln US$/kg

SITC code 898 112 764 898 792 896 778 931 821 743

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Bermuda Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-28.0 35.9 -18.4 ... -94.2 -78.0 -70.9 -31.9 530.1

100.0 44.8 0.1 0.0 0.2 3.4 12.9 27.4 11.1

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

928.9 190.0 16.8 91.7 63.5 77.6 154.9 218.9 115.6

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.456)

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category Transportation ( 25.7 %)

Other business ( 17.2 %) Travel ( 27.3 %) Insurance ( 16.0 %) Remaining ( 7.7 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.669)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

0

00 −1

00 −2

00 −3

00 −4

00 −5

00 −6

00

Top partner

−7

00

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −8

100.0 20.5 1.8 9.9 6.8 8.3 16.7 23.6 12.4

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

(% share in 2014)

-3.3 -3.8 51.7 -39.9 0.4 -2.3 5.2 10.6 3.1

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Mln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

1.3 6.7 13.2 0.7 4.4 0.1 2.4 2.2 -8.1

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

40

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

8.6 3.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 1.1 2.4 1.0

2015 share

0%

2015

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 23.6, 20.5 and 16.7 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom, accounting for respectively 68.8, 13.3 and 3.5 percent of total imports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 266.7 mln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 251.6 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 168.7 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Computer & information ( 6.0 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 4907 Unused postage, revenue or similar stamps of current or new issue.......................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 9403 Other furniture and parts thereof.................................................................................. 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 2204 Wine of fresh grapes, including fortified wines........................................................... 1905 Bread, pastry, cakes, biscuits and other bakers'wares................................................. 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 2202 Waters with added sugar..............................................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

994.6 153.9 111.4 82.5 23.5 18.0 13.3 10.9 13.1 9.7 8.8

Source: UN Comtrade

961.1 149.0 111.9 65.3 20.7 20.6 16.8 14.3 12.7 10.4 9.4

928.9 89.5 115.2 80.5 17.9 18.1 19.6 14.0 12.4 8.4 9.4

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

0.9

0.7

0.5

15.6 0.2 2.6 34.6 27.5 23.4 13.4 12.3 12.4 10.0 9.7 9.5 2.2 1.6 2.0 0.3

0.5

0.6

SITC code

US$/kg

334 931 thsd US$/kg 892 US$/kg 542 821 thsd US$/unit 781 US$/litre 112 US$/kg 048 764 US$/litre 111

97

Bhutan Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2012, the value of merchandise exports of Bhutan increased substantially by 17.3 percent to reach 531.2 mln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased moderately by 5.7 percent to reach 991.7 mln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 460.5 mln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Southern Asia at -273.9 mln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Bhutan were highly concentrated amongst partners; imports were also highly concentrated. The top 1 partner accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 2 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Bhutan decreased slightly by 1.3 percent, reaching 130.2 mln US$, while its imports of services increased slightly by 2.6 percent and reached 184.8 mln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services deficit of 54.6 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Mln US$ by year) Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

250

Imports

Trade Balance

200 150 100 (na) (na) (na)

50

(na) (na) (na)

(na) (na) (na) (na)

(na)

(na) (na) (na) (na)

(na)

0 (na) (na) (na)

(na) (na) (na)

−50 −100 −150 −200

Exports Profile: "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2012, representing respectively 45.5, 32.9 and 7.6 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2010 to 2012, the largest export commodity was "Ferro-alloys" (HS code 7202) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were India, China, Hong Kong SAR and Bangladesh, accounting for respectively 84.5, 8.8 and 4.9 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 96.8 mln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 27.8 mln US$ (see graph 3).

14

15 20

12

13

20

20

10

11

20

20

09

20

07

08

20

20

05

06

20

20

04

20

03

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−250 20

1.2 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 −0.2 −0.4 −0.6 −0.8 −1 −1.2

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 74.3 %)

Transportation ( 21.4 %)

Remaining ( 4.3 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2010 to 2012 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 7202 Ferro-alloys.................................................................................................................... 2716 Electrical energy............................................................................................................ 8523 Prepared unrecorded media for sound recording.......................................................... 7408 Copper wire................................................................................................................... 2849 Carbides, whether or not chemically defined............................................................... 2523 Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement....................................................... 7214 Other bars and rods of iron or non-alloy steel.............................................................. 2518 Dolomite, whether or not calcined or sintered............................................................. 7207 Semi-finished products of iron or non-alloy steel......................................................... 2520 Gypsum; anhydrite; plasters..........................................................................................

98

Source: UN Comtrade

2010

Value (million US$) 2011 2012

413.5 124.9 ... 46.9 37.7 31.0 30.0 16.1 16.1 8.9 10.5

453.0 132.0 ... 71.9 42.9 31.0 22.9 25.1 16.5 3.5 12.1

531.2 127.5 170.6 ... 24.2 29.5 25.1 27.1 17.6 21.6 10.3

Unit value 2010 2011 2012 Unit

3.8

5.6

5.7

US$/kg

0.1 0.7 0.0 0.6 0.0

0.1 0.8 0.0 0.7 0.0

0.1 0.8 0.0 0.4 0.0

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

SITC code 671 351 898 682 524 661 676 278 672 273

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Bhutan Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2008-2012 2011-2012

17.3 -2.8 -3.3 2811.2 -3.9 -5.7 112.1 -99.1 155.1

100.0 6.9 7.6 32.9 6.9 45.5 0.0 0.1 0.0

Avg. Growth rates 2008-2012 2011-2012

2012

991.7 116.8 85.0 182.6 56.9 277.8 225.2 38.3 9.0

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.624)

Transportation ( 21.7 %)

Travel ( 21.6 %) Construction ( 30.5 %)

Remaining ( 7.8 %)

Other business ( 18.5 %)

Top partner

0% 10

80

60

40

20

20

80

%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

0%

15 th

%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

0

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.88)

5 th

60

0 40

0 20

0

00 −2

00 −4

00

Top partner

−6

00

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia −8

100.0 11.8 8.6 18.4 5.7 28.0 22.7 3.9 0.9

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2012) Exports

(% share in 2014)

-5.7 17.3 -0.7 14.6 3.4 20.9 -40.9 -2.9 419.2

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Mln US$ by MDG Regions in 2012) Imports

16.2 15.6 6.3 17.8 16.9 26.3 10.5 11.0 72.7

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2012 share

40

0.5 -38.2 55.5 -9.0 463.1 144.4 69.0 -2.1 -30.9

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

531.2 36.7 40.4 174.9 36.8 241.7 0.1 0.6 0.0

2012 share

0%

2012

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2012, representing respectively 28.0, 22.7 and 18.4 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2010 to 2012, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were India, the Republic of Korea and Japan, accounting for respectively 75.3, 4.8 and 2.6 percent of total imports. "Construction services" (EBOPS code 249) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 56.3 mln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 40.0 mln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 39.8 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2010 to 2012 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 7408 Copper wire................................................................................................................... 7203 Ferrous products obtained by direct reduction of iron ore............................................ 8429 Self-propelled bulldozers, angledozers, graders, levellers, scrapers........................... 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 7308 Structures (excluding prefabricated buildings of heading 94.06)................................. 1006 Rice................................................................................................................................ 4402 Wood charcoal (including shell or nut charcoal), whether or not agglomerated......... 7204 Ferrous waste and scrap; remelting scrap ingots of iron or steel................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2010

Value (million US$) 2011 2012

853.8 91.9 31.2 40.5 26.9 36.8 31.6 19.6 18.5 15.5 15.4

Source: UN Comtrade

1 051.7 120.6 69.2 42.6 30.7 38.9 46.6 15.6 18.4 23.5 16.9

Unit value 2010 2011 2012 Unit

991.7 130.6 21.4 9.0 10.9 9.7 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 26.5 5.0 5.7 5.9 US$/kg 40.7 0.4 0.5 0.4 17.5 11.1 32.2 52.7 thsd US$/unit 13.4 20.5 19.7 18.7 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 30.2 1.5 1.7 1.2 US$/kg 23.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 US$/kg 18.6 0.2 0.3 0.3 US$/kg 21.4 0.4 0.5 0.5

SITC code 334 781 682 671 723 782 691 042 245 282

99

Bolivia (Plurinational State of) Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of the Plurinational State of Bolivia decreased substantially by 30.7 percent to reach 8.9 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased moderately by 7.7 percent to reach 9.7 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small deficit of 773.8 mln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Eastern Asia at -1.1 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in the Plurinational State of Bolivia were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 8 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 11 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of the Plurinational State of Bolivia increased substantially by 12.4 percent, reaching 1.2 bln US$, while its imports of services increased substantially by 29.9 percent and reached 3.0 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services deficit of 1.8 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year)

Exports Profile: "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3), "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 45.3, 24.5 and 11.6 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons" (HS code 2711) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Brazil, Argentina and the United States, accounting for respectively 30.3, 19.3 and 12.8 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 652.3 mln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 285.9 mln US$ and "Insurance services" (EBOPS code 253) at 130.5 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

13

20

12

20

10

09

08

07

11

20

20

20

20

20

06

20

05

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−15

20

−10

Trade Balance

(na)

04

−5

Imports

(na)

20

0

03

5

20

10

Exports

3.5 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 −0.5 −1 −1.5 −2 −2.5 −3 −3.5 02

Trade Balance

20

15

Imports

20

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Travel ( 52.5 %) Transportation ( 23.0 %)

Insurance ( 10.5 %) Remaining ( 7.5 %) Communication ( 6.5 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 2608 Zinc ores and concentrates........................................................................................... 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 2616 Precious metal ores and concentrates.......................................................................... 2304 Oil-cake and other solid residues.................................................................................. 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 8001 Unwrought tin................................................................................................................ 1507 Soya-bean oil and its fractions...................................................................................... 0801 Coconuts, Brazil nuts and cashew nuts, fresh or dried................................................. 2607 Lead ores and concentrates..........................................................................................

100

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

12 207.5 6 116.8 756.8 330.8 866.5 612.2 511.1 335.5 278.1 129.5 168.2

12 856.1 6 011.9 980.9 1 360.9 725.9 662.2 582.5 346.8 293.7 175.1 160.3

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

8 908.7 US$/kg 3 783.0 0.5 0.4 0.3 US$/kg 865.7 1.0 1.4 1.3 725.3 40.5 38.0 35.0 thsd US$/kg US$/kg 589.6 54.1 48.1 37.4 US$/kg 512.9 0.4 0.4 0.3 US$/kg 202.7 0.8 0.8 0.4 US$/kg 254.5 22.4 22.0 16.3 US$/kg 256.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 US$/kg 192.0 6.4 6.9 7.8 US$/kg 133.5 1.1 1.4 1.2

SITC code 343 287 971 289 081 333 687 421 057 287

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Bolivia (Plurinational State of) Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-0.7 8.3 -7.0 -0.7 -3.9 -12.3 108.7 11.9 28.6

-30.7 -19.9 -17.7 -39.3 -11.7 -23.8 2296.3 23.9 -46.6

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

100.0 11.6 24.5 45.3 1.3 5.3 1.8 2.1 8.2

9 682.4 647.8 94.0 1 087.2 1 386.1 1 678.9 3 950.2 789.9 48.3

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance

5.1 1.3 2.4 -0.5 5.4 4.3 7.3 8.3 14.6

Trade balance

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.097)

Transportation ( 26.3 %)

Other business ( 16.6 %) Travel ( 26.5 %) Insurance ( 11.2 %) Remaining ( 8.2 %)

Construction ( 11.1 %)

Top partner

0% 10

80

60

40

20

20

%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

0%

15 th

%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

10

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.134)

5 th

80

5

4

3

2

1

0

−1

−2

Top partner

−3

100.0 6.7 1.0 11.2 14.3 17.3 40.8 8.2 0.5

40

Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −4

-7.7 -16.4 1.9 -12.3 -2.3 -8.5 -8.1 0.2 7.9

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015)

Imports

(% share in 2014)

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015)

−5

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

60

8 908.7 1 032.9 2 180.8 4 032.8 119.2 472.1 161.1 182.7 727.0

2015 share

0%

2015

6

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 40.8, 17.3 and 14.3 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Brazil, China and the United States, accounting for respectively 16.4, 16.3 and 11.6 percent of total imports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 804.8 mln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 800.4 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 505.4 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 3808 Insecticides, rodenticides, fungicides, herbicides........................................................ 7214 Other bars and rods of iron or non-alloy steel.............................................................. 8419 Machinery, plant or laboratory equipment.................................................................... 8429 Self-propelled bulldozers, angledozers, graders, levellers, scrapers........................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 8701 Tractors (other than tractors of heading 87.09)............................................................ 8479 Machines and mechanical appliances having individual functions..............................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

9 353.0 1 222.7 456.1 319.9 245.6 226.3 329.6 215.7 126.5 193.3 42.0

Source: UN Comtrade

10 492.1 1 169.6 494.1 319.5 248.8 257.6 249.3 224.5 168.4 165.1 186.1

9 682.4 1 030.8 547.8 316.0 227.1 202.8 75.8 204.2 221.0 130.6 226.3

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

SITC code

US$/kg 334 1.1 1.1 0.8 12.2 12.0 13.7 thsd US$/unit 781 17.0 17.4 18.4 thsd US$/unit 782 US$/kg 591 5.2 5.5 5.2 US$/kg 676 0.9 0.8 0.7 741

67.5 72.1 63.6 thsd US$/unit 723 764

27.1

9.7 17.5 thsd US$/unit 722 728

101

Bosnia and Herzegovina Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Bosnia and Herzegovina decreased substantially by 13.4 percent to reach 5.1 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 18.2 percent to reach 9.0 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a moderate deficit of 3.9 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at -1.7 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Bosnia and Herzegovina were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 11 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 14 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Bosnia and Herzegovina decreased substantially by 35.3 percent, reaching 1.3 bln US$, while its imports of services increased moderately by 9.6 percent and reached 529.8 mln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services surplus of 762.5 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 −2 −4 −6 −8 −10 −12 −14

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

2.5

Imports

Trade Balance

2 1.5 1 0.5

(na)

0 (na)

−0.5 −1 −1.5 −2

Exports Profile: "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 26.0, 22.8 and 14.6 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Seats (other than those of heading 94.02)" (HS code 9401) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Germany, Italy and Croatia, accounting for respectively 15.5, 13.1 and 11.9 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 707.1 mln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 354.4 mln US$ and "Communications services" (EBOPS code 245) at 89.1 mln US$ (see graph 3).

14

15 20

13

20

12

20

10

09

08

07

11

20

20

20

20

20

05

06

20

20

04

20

03

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−2.5

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Travel ( 54.7 %)

Transportation ( 27.4 %)

Remaining ( 5.1 %) Construction ( 5.9 %)

Communication ( 6.9 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 9401 Seats (other than those of heading 94.02).................................................................... 7601 Unwrought aluminium................................................................................................... 2716 Electrical energy............................................................................................................ 6403 Footwear with outer soles of rubber, plastics, leather................................................. 4407 Wood sawn or chipped lengthwise, sliced or peeled................................................... 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 9403 Other furniture and parts thereof.................................................................................. 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 7214 Other bars and rods of iron or non-alloy steel..............................................................

102

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

5 687.5 391.5 269.5 320.3 204.9 164.7 151.2 144.3 148.3 164.6 94.2

5 890.7 416.3 249.5 209.4 229.0 193.6 145.3 166.7 151.4 152.4 104.3

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

5 099.1 349.7 195.3 2.2 2.3 2.2 161.4 65.6 59.5 54.1 174.6 36.1 178.9 320.3 157.5 142.4 4.2 4.4 3.9 144.0 61.7 1.0 0.9 0.6 89.9 0.6 0.6 0.5

US$/kg US$/MWh US$/pair US$/m3 US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

SITC code 821 684 351 851 248 931 784 821 334 676

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Bosnia and Herzegovina Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-3.4 0.9 -6.9 -18.7 3.1 -5.8 1.4 2.6 1.1

-13.4 5.6 -16.4 -36.6 -6.3 -15.5 -9.6 -11.8 7.6

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

100.0 7.3 12.2 7.0 7.0 22.8 14.6 26.0 3.1

8 993.9 1 488.8 345.2 1 215.6 1 178.3 2 030.4 1 849.0 876.1 10.5

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance

-5.0 -4.8 -6.3 -15.4 -1.9 -1.4 -2.6 -1.4 17.2

100.0 16.6 3.8 13.5 13.1 22.6 20.6 9.7 0.1

Trade balance

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.067)

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Travel ( 25.5 %)

Transportation ( 44.4 %)

Communication ( 11.8 %) Remaining ( 18.3 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.082)

Top partner

25 th 10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

%

15 th

0%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

3

2

1

0

−1

−2

−3

Top partner

%

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania

40

Exports

−4

-18.2 -13.0 -12.5 -33.6 -15.0 -14.3 -18.8 -13.6 6.2

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015)

Imports

−5

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015)

−6

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

60

5 099.1 369.9 623.2 357.5 358.9 1 163.0 745.0 1 323.5 158.2

2015 share

0%

2015

4

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 22.6, 20.6 and 16.6 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude" (HS code 2709) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Croatia, Germany and Italy, accounting for respectively 11.7, 11.7 and 10.3 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 235.0 mln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 135.2 mln US$ and "Communications services" (EBOPS code 245) at 62.5 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 2701 Coal; briquettes, ovoids and similar solid fuels manufactured from coal.................... 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 4107 Leather further prepared after tanning or crusting....................................................... 6406 Parts of footwear...........................................................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

10 295.2 814.2 690.2 333.4 272.7 210.0 158.1 115.6 112.2 99.4 87.7

Source: UN Comtrade

10 990.4 701.9 664.1 356.5 323.8 215.9 148.6 119.4 122.9 125.1 115.5

8 993.9 359.7 474.1 311.3 246.5 172.3 117.8 112.0 103.1 112.4 85.9

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

0.8 1.0

0.7 0.9

0.4 0.6

40.6 47.9 39.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.8 0.8 0.5

US$/kg US$/kg thsd US$/unit US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

2.6 2.6 2.4 33.5 34.2 30.9 19.6 20.9 18.0

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

20.6 20.5 21.4

SITC code 333 334 781 542 321 343 764 784 611 851

103

Botswana Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of Botswana increased slightly by 4.5 percent to reach 7.9 bln US$, while its merchandise imports increased moderately by 5.3 percent to reach 7.8 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small surplus of 85.0 mln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Sub-Saharan Africa at -4.3 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Botswana were diversified amongst partners; imports were highly concentrated. The top 8 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 3 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Botswana increased moderately by 8.8 percent, reaching 1.4 bln US$, while its imports of services decreased substantially by 13.4 percent and reached 775.0 mln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services surplus of 578.3 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

10

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

1.5

Imports

Trade Balance

8 1

6 4

0.5

2

(na)

(na)

0

0 (na)

−2

(na)

−0.5

−4 −6

−1

−8 −10

Exports Profile: "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6), "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4) and "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 85.4, 7.1 and 2.5 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Diamonds, whether or not worked, but not mounted or set" (HS code 7102) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were the United Kingdom, Belgium and South Africa, accounting for respectively 34.5, 15.3 and 11.7 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 977.4 mln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 159.8 mln US$ and "Government services, n.i.e." (EBOPS code 291) at 106.9 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

12

11

10

09

08

07

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

03

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−1.5

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 72.2 %)

Remaining ( 8.1 %)

Other business ( 11.8 %) Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 7.9 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2002 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 7102 Diamonds, whether or not worked, but not mounted or set......................................... 7501 Nickel mattes, nickel oxide sinters and other intermediate products.......................... 2603 Copper ores and concentrates....................................................................................... 0202 Meat of bovine animals, frozen..................................................................................... 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 8544 Insulated (including enamelled or anodised) wire, cable............................................. 2836 Carbonates; peroxocarbonates (percarbonates)........................................................... 0201 Meat of bovine animals, fresh or chilled...................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind...............................................................

104

Source: UN Comtrade

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

5 971.2 4 743.8 333.1 96.4 46.6 84.2 48.6 37.3 17.9 41.8 7.1

7 573.3 6 279.2 418.6 128.2 74.7 56.1 37.4 36.3 40.9 25.1 25.9

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

7 915.5 6 721.3 US$/kg 334.1 7.4 7.5 8.5 US$/kg 133.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 US$/kg 64.4 3.7 3.7 3.6 41.6 54.1 42.2 40.8 thsd US$/kg US$/kg 10.3 35.0 15.6 37.0 US$/kg 50.3 4.8 6.3 5.8 thsd US$/unit 17.6 17.3 16.8 39.3

SITC code 667 284 283 011 971 773 523 011 781 931

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Botswana Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

4.5 -12.4 -19.8 22.0 7.3 7.9 -2.8 -0.4 -1.3

100.0 1.9 7.1 0.5 1.0 85.4 2.5 0.5 1.0

7 830.5 657.3 96.7 1 209.9 481.7 3 323.6 1 504.9 461.3 94.9

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Other business ( 25.7 %)

Travel ( 35.6 %)

Remaining ( 13.3 %)

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 12.0 %) Transportation ( 8.3 %) Communication ( 5.1 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.125)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

2

1

0

−1

−2

−3

−4

100.0 8.4 1.2 15.5 6.2 42.4 19.2 5.9 1.2

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.427)

Top partner

−5

5.3 -7.5 -40.7 -5.4 -4.2 20.8 2.6 -0.8 1.9

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −6

8.5 -0.3 -12.6 9.9 1.6 22.1 0.2 -1.1 4.9

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

40

14.0 -9.6 -5.0 23.3 -4.2 20.1 2.4 -29.7 2.2

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

7 915.5 152.8 562.0 38.6 81.7 6 760.8 198.9 39.7 81.0

2014 share

0%

2014

3

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 42.4, 19.2 and 15.5 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Diamonds, whether or not worked, but not mounted or set" (HS code 7102) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were South Africa, the United Kingdom and Namibia, accounting for respectively 63.9, 8.4 and 8.2 percent of total imports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 275.9 mln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 199.2 mln US$ and "Government services, n.i.e." (EBOPS code 291) at 93.3 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2002 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 7102 Diamonds, whether or not worked, but not mounted or set......................................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 2716 Electrical energy............................................................................................................ 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 8431 Parts suitable for use principally with the machinery of headings 84.25..................... 4011 New pneumatic tyres, of rubber.................................................................................... 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05....................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

8 025.3 2 160.3 1 031.1 236.1 236.2 226.1 125.7 100.6 101.6 73.3 79.8

Source: UN Comtrade

7 433.5 2 026.5 1 017.2 214.7 240.2 189.0 89.6 95.0 72.9 83.3 70.1

7 830.5 2 658.3 1 038.5 212.3 149.0 189.2 91.7 83.6 71.7 67.4 64.7

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

US$/kg 1.0 1.0 31.8 thsd US$/unit 70.2 66.1 17.4 US$/MWh 19.7 19.4 5.7 thsd US$/unit

1.0

40.8 31.9 27.9 13.6 10.3 9.2 78.7 13.1 10.0 8.7

US$/kg US$/kg US$/unit US$/kg

SITC code 667 334 782 351 781 931 542 723 625 784

105

Brazil Goods Imports: FOB, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Brazil decreased substantially by 15.1 percent to reach 191.1 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 25.2 percent to reach 171.4 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small surplus of 19.7 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Latin America and the Caribbean at 11.5 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Brazil were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 29 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 22 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Brazil increased slightly by 1.2 percent, reaching 39.6 bln US$, while its imports of services increased slightly by 1.9 percent and reached 87.9 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services deficit of 48.3 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

300 250 200 150 100 50 0 −50 −100 −150 −200 −250 −300

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

100

Imports

Trade Balance

80 60 40 20

(na)

0 (na)

−20 −40 −60 −80

Exports Profile: "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 27.2, 25.3 and 16.4 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Iron ores and concentrates, including roasted iron pyrites" (HS code 2601) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were China, the United States and Argentina, accounting for respectively 18.6, 11.6 and 7.1 percent of total exports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 21.4 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 6.8 bln US$ and "Communications services" (EBOPS code 245) at 3.3 bln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

13

20

11

10

09

08

07

12

20

20

20

20

20

20

06

20

05

20

04

20

02

03

20

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−100

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Other business ( 53.9 %) Travel ( 17.3 %)

Remaining ( 14.0 %)

Communication ( 8.4 %) Transportation ( 6.4 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) Unit value 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2013 2014 2015 2013 2014 2015 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 242 178.1 225 098.4 191 126.9 2601 Iron ores and concentrates, including roasted iron pyrites........................................... 32 491.5 25 819.1 14 076.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 1201 Soya beans, whether or not broken.............................................................................. 22 810.0 23 277.4 20 983.6 0.5 0.5 0.4 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 12 956.6 16 356.8 11 781.3 0.7 0.6 0.3 1701 Cane or beet sugar and chemically pure sucrose, in solid form................................... 11 842.5 9 459.2 7 641.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 0207 Meat and edible offal, of the poultry of heading 01.05................................................ 7 201.4 7 050.1 6 378.9 2.0 1.9 1.6 2304 Oil-cake and other solid residues.................................................................................. 6 787.3 7 000.6 5 821.1 0.5 0.5 0.4 0901 Coffee, whether or not roasted or decaffeinated......................................................... 4 598.1 6 052.7 5 565.6 2.7 3.0 2.8 1005 Maize (corn)................................................................................................................... 6 307.6 3 931.9 5 009.0 0.2 0.2 4703 Chemical wood pulp, soda or sulphate, other than dissolving grades......................... 4 824.8 4 914.4 5 343.3 0.5 0.5 0.5 0202 Meat of bovine animals, frozen..................................................................................... 4 503.9 4 960.2 3 973.4 4.3 4.5 4.1 HS code

106

Source: UN Comtrade

Unit

SITC code

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

281 222 333 061 012 081 071 044 251 011

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Brazil Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-15.1 -10.5 -21.1 -33.4 -13.5 -6.4 -5.5 -8.8 -25.1

100.0 25.3 27.2 7.2 6.0 13.0 16.4 2.1 2.8

171 446.2 7 855.4 4 950.9 24 919.7 37 907.9 18 705.5 64 050.6 13 053.1 3.1

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 29.1 %)

Other business ( 35.7 %) Transportation ( 11.5 %)

Remaining ( 12.0 %)

Royalties & lic. fees ( 6.7 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.065)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

40

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

40

30

20

10

0

0 −1

0 −2

0

100.0 4.6 2.9 14.5 22.1 10.9 37.4 7.6 0.0

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.072)

Top partner

−3

0

-25.2 -20.8 -15.9 -44.7 -15.9 -23.3 -23.1 -15.5 -69.3

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −4

-6.7 -3.7 -8.5 -12.2 -2.4 -7.7 -7.3 -1.2 -5.0

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

60

-7.0 -4.6 -9.0 -15.4 -6.6 -3.6 -5.3 -4.5 -7.8

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

80

191 126.9 48 285.0 52 066.6 13 748.0 11 440.3 24 877.1 31 265.7 4 102.0 5 342.3

2015 share

0%

2015

50

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) and "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 37.4, 22.1 and 14.5 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were China, the United States and Argentina, accounting for respectively 16.5, 15.4 and 6.4 percent of total imports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 31.3 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 25.6 bln US$ and "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 10.1 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Communication ( 5.1 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) Unit value 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2013 2014 2015 2013 2014 2015 Unit All Commodities............................................................................................................ 239 620.9 229 060.1 171 446.2 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 17 757.0 17 630.0 US$/kg 8 628.6 1.0 0.9 0.6 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 16 320.0 15 533.1 US$/kg 7 380.8 0.8 0.8 0.5 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... US$/kg 7 997.9 8 474.6 5 919.3 0.6 0.6 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 9 081.2 7 675.6 5 019.5 15.2 16.0 15.7 thsd US$/unit 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... US$/kg 8 296.7 7 143.5 5 361.3 8.0 8.1 7.7 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 5 036.2 5 677.0 4 282.8 8542 Electronic integrated circuits......................................................................................... 4 748.7 4 444.8 2 962.0 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. US$/kg 3 734.3 3 682.5 3 252.6 152.1 140.5 112.0 3808 Insecticides, rodenticides, fungicides, herbicides........................................................ US$/kg 2 999.8 3 464.1 3 080.9 10.6 11.8 10.5 3002 Human blood; animal blood prepared for therapeutic uses.......................................... US$/kg 3 187.0 3 242.9 2 734.4 315.4 343.3 315.4 HS code

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Source: UN Comtrade

SITC code 334 333 343 781 784 764 776 542 591 541

107

Brunei Darussalam Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of Brunei Darussalam decreased moderately by 8.2 percent to reach 10.5 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased slightly by 0.4 percent to reach 3.6 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large surplus of 6.9 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Asia-Pacific at 4.9 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Brunei Darussalam were moderately concentrated amongst partners; imports were diversified. The top 7 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 8 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Brunei Darussalam increased substantially by 13.0 percent, reaching 556.8 mln US$, while its imports of services decreased substantially by 23.5 percent and reached 2.2 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services deficit of 1.6 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year)

Exports Profile: "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3), "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) and "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 92.5, 4.5 and 1.4 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons" (HS code 2711) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Japan, the Republic of Korea and India, accounting for respectively 40.6, 14.5 and 8.5 percent of total exports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2009 at 451.7 mln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 254.4 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 174.0 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

13

20

11

12

20

20

09

08

10

20

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−15

07

−10

20

−5

(na)

06

(na)

20

(na) (na) (na) (na) (na)

Trade Balance

(na)

05

(na)

Imports

20

(na)

04

(na) (na) (na) (na) (na)

20

(na)

0

03

5

20

10

Exports

3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 −0.5 −1 −1.5 −2 −2.5 −3 02

Trade Balance

20

15

Imports

20

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2009)

Transportation ( 49.4 %) Travel ( 27.8 %)

Remaining ( 3.8 %)

Other business ( 19.0 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 2905 Acyclic alcohols and their derivatives........................................................................... 2936 Provitamins and vitamins, natural or reproduced by synthesis.................................... 8803 Parts of goods of heading 88.01 or 88.02..................................................................... 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 8431 Parts suitable for use principally with the machinery of headings 84.25..................... 7304 Tubes, pipes and hollow profiles, seamless, of iron (other than cast iron).................. 8207 Interchangeable tools for hand tools, whether or not power-operated.......................

108

Source: UN Comtrade

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

13 000.8 6 176.4 6 271.3 243.4 0.0 24.1 18.5 21.4 8.3 8.4 12.6

11 447.2 5 930.9 5 118.0 82.0 0.0 17.3 17.7 4.9 10.6 19.4 11.1

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

10 508.8 US$/kg 5 345.8 0.9 0.9 US$/kg 4 378.6 0.7 0.9 0.8 201.4 thsd US$/kg 243.1 0.0 US$/kg 23.1 379.0 199.3 14.6 11.3 US$/kg 14.0 22.9 9.1 12.2 US$/kg 4.9 8.1 2.2 US$/kg 4.4 4.8 11.4

SITC code 343 333 512 541 792 931 764 723 679 695

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Brunei Darussalam Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

-8.2 123.3 14.9 -12.0 411.3 -33.0 10.9 -5.0 -18.0

100.0 0.4 0.1 92.5 4.5 0.5 1.4 0.4 0.1

3 598.7 537.9 49.9 365.4 303.6 540.8 1 387.4 394.8 19.0

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2009) Transportation ( 31.0 %)

Travel ( 33.3 %) Other business ( 17.4 %) Remaining ( 3.1 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.179)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

0%

5 th

10

5

4

3

2

1

0

100.0 14.9 1.4 10.2 8.4 15.0 38.6 11.0 0.5

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.118)

Top partner

−1

-0.4 1.7 -4.3 34.8 5.4 -26.4 4.7 3.1 -35.7

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −2

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

%

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

40

10 508.8 40.9 14.0 9 724.9 471.9 53.2 143.0 46.4 14.6

2014 share

60

2014

6

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 38.6, 15.0 and 14.9 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Singapore, Malaysia and China, accounting for respectively 21.0, 20.8 and 10.9 percent of total imports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2009 at 477.1 mln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 444.7 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 248.8 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 15.3 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 7304 Tubes, pipes and hollow profiles, seamless, of iron (other than cast iron).................. 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 8901 Cruise ships, excursion boats, ferry-boats, cargo ships, barges................................... 2309 Preparations of a kind used in animal feeding.............................................................. 8481 Taps, cocks, valves and similar appliances for pipes, boiler shells.............................. 7307 Tube or pipe fittings (for example, couplings, elbows, sleeves)................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 7326 Other articles of iron or steel........................................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

3 572.2 342.7 303.6 89.0 54.8 0.0 54.4 63.5 51.3 51.5 75.4

Source: UN Comtrade

3 612.4 268.3 319.4 88.7 77.6 0.1 79.1 66.3 71.6 52.4 45.7

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

SITC code

3 598.7 US$/kg 334 362.2 1.1 1.0 301.7 17.5 17.3 16.0 thsd US$/unit 781 US$/kg 679 46.0 0.8 2.1 764 79.9 209.7 69.9 mln US$/unit 793 US$/kg 081 58.4 1.7 0.8 0.8 US$/kg 747 59.1 33.0 30.3 US$/kg 679 41.8 3.5 3.3 US$/kg 542 58.7 34.2 34.4 US$/kg 699 1.3 1.5 32.2

109

Bulgaria Goods Imports: CIF, by consignment

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Bulgaria decreased substantially by 12.3 percent to reach 25.8 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 15.8 percent to reach 29.3 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small deficit of 3.5 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG CIS at -3.3 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Bulgaria were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 21 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 16 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Bulgaria increased substantially by 14.6 percent, reaching 8.5 bln US$, while its imports of services increased substantially by 30.4 percent and reached 5.5 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services surplus of 3.0 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

40

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

10

Imports

Trade Balance

8

30

6

20

4

10

2

0

0

−10

−2

(na) (na)

−4

−20

Exports Profile: "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 21.9, 20.4 and 13.6 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Germany, Turkey and Italy, accounting for respectively 12.3, 9.0 and 8.9 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 4.0 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 2.1 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 1.0 bln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

13

20

12

20

11

20

09

08

07

10

20

20

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

04

−10 03

−40 02

−8

03

−6

−30

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Transportation ( 24.6 %)

Travel ( 46.4 %)

Other business ( 11.8 %) Remaining ( 8.0 %)

Computer & information ( 9.2 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 7403 Refined copper and copper alloys, unwrought.............................................................. 7402 Unrefined copper; copper anodes for electrolytic refining........................................... 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 1001 Wheat and meslin......................................................................................................... 1206 Sunflower seeds, whether or not broken...................................................................... 2716 Electrical energy............................................................................................................ 8544 Insulated (including enamelled or anodised) wire, cable............................................. 1005 Maize (corn)...................................................................................................................

110

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

29 510.6 3 855.0 1 479.6 1 028.0 678.6 780.7 950.7 741.8 452.8 374.2 490.4

29 386.5 2 718.7 1 362.6 924.8 915.3 939.8 691.3 496.3 526.6 464.3 386.4

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

25 778.7 1 713.8 0.8 0.8 0.5 1 175.0 7.4 6.9 5.6 761.0 8.5 8.0 6.4 998.1 806.1 52.5 57.5 46.7 652.9 0.3 0.2 0.2 402.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 601.3 59.0 57.7 44.9 485.7 13.8 14.8 12.5 214.2 0.2 0.2

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/MWh US$/kg US$/kg

SITC code 334 682 682 931 542 041 222 351 773 044

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Bulgaria Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-2.2 0.0 -10.4 -7.3 3.5 -5.1 3.1 -1.0 5.0

-12.3 -14.4 -19.3 -26.1 -4.8 -13.0 -5.3 -11.4 7.7

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

100.0 12.3 7.5 10.6 9.7 21.9 20.4 13.6 3.9

29 265.1 2 592.0 2 574.5 4 555.9 3 963.5 4 751.7 7 321.7 2 091.0 1 414.8

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.058)

(% share in 2014) Travel ( 21.9 %)

Transportation ( 37.1 %)

Other business ( 17.5 %)

Construction ( 5.9 %)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

10

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.052)

5 th

15

10

5

0

−5

−1

0

Top partner

%

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania 5

100.0 8.9 8.8 15.6 13.5 16.2 25.0 7.1 4.8

40

Exports

−1

-15.8 -9.1 -14.9 -34.4 -7.7 -19.3 -9.7 -8.5 5.3

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015)

Imports

0

-2.6 -1.9 -6.3 -11.7 2.6 -3.0 0.8 1.6 12.6

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015)

−2

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

60

25 778.7 3 165.4 1 941.1 2 736.6 2 501.4 5 647.3 5 262.7 3 506.1 1 018.2

2015 share

80

2015

0%

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 25.0, 16.2 and 15.6 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude" (HS code 2709) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the Russian Federation, Germany and Italy, accounting for respectively 15.4, 11.9 and 7.3 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 2.0 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 1.2 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 961.2 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Remaining ( 17.6 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 2603 Copper ores and concentrates....................................................................................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 8701 Tractors (other than tractors of heading 87.09)............................................................ 7404 Copper waste and scrap................................................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

34 316.6 4 487.7 1 951.0 1 710.2 1 028.8 1 283.2 1 002.2 761.4 443.9 361.7 374.5

Source: UN Comtrade

34 740.0 3 515.4 1 601.0 1 496.1 1 325.5 1 265.9 1 136.1 826.9 540.5 369.1 384.3

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

SITC code

29 265.1 US$/kg 333 2 245.0 0.8 0.7 0.4 US$/kg 283 1 337.8 1.9 1.8 1.4 US$/kg 334 727.3 0.9 0.8 0.5 931 1 400.6 US$/kg 343 1 043.3 0.6 0.6 0.4 US$/kg 542 997.2 62.6 59.0 49.4 808.2 10.2 12.4 10.6 thsd US$/unit 781 764 484.9 410.1 42.3 40.7 42.3 thsd US$/unit 722 US$/kg 288 307.1 6.7 6.4 5.1

111

Burkina Faso Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of Burkina Faso increased moderately by 7.4 percent to reach 2.8 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 18.1 percent to reach 3.6 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a moderate deficit of 729.5 mln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Sub-Saharan Africa at -1.1 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Burkina Faso were highly concentrated amongst partners; imports were diversified. The top 7 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 12 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Burkina Faso decreased slightly by 3.8 percent, reaching 458.4 mln US$, while its imports of services decreased moderately by 10.0 percent and reached 1.3 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services deficit of 810.3 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

5

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

1.5

Imports

Trade Balance

4 1

3 2

0.5

1

(na)

(na)

(na)

0

0 (na)

−1

(na)

(na)

−0.5

−2 −3

−1

−4 −5

Exports Profile: "Not classified elsewhere in the SITC" (SITC section 9), "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4) and "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 51.4, 25.5 and 9.7 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Gold (including gold plated with platinum)" (HS code 7108) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Switzerland, Mali and South Africa, accounting for respectively 53.3, 6.5 and 6.1 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 134.8 mln US$, followed by "Construction services" (EBOPS code 249) at 86.3 mln US$ and "Financial services" (EBOPS code 260) at 75.1 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

13

20

12

20

10

11

20

20

08

09

20

20

07

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

03

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−1.5

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Construction ( 18.8 %) Financial ( 16.4 %)

Travel ( 29.4 %)

Transportation ( 13.4 %)

Remaining ( 7.9 %)

Communication ( 8.4 %) Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 5.7 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 5201 Cotton, not carded or combed....................................................................................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 1207 Other oil seeds and oleaginous fruits, whether or not broken..................................... 0801 Coconuts, Brazil nuts and cashew nuts, fresh or dried................................................. 7901 Unwrought zinc.............................................................................................................. 8502 Electric generating sets and rotary converters............................................................. 8429 Self-propelled bulldozers, angledozers, graders, levellers, scrapers........................... 8430 Other moving, grading, levelling, scraping, excavating, tamping, compacting............ 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods....................................................................

112

Source: UN Comtrade

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

2 411.0 1 582.3 294.3 141.6 109.1 33.2 ... 60.5 9.8 14.9 6.4

2 650.5 1 484.4 439.3 231.4 207.2 52.2 25.4 0.3 13.5 15.2 4.7

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

2 845.6 1 462.9 44.5 38.1 34.4 thsd US$/kg US$/kg 494.9 1.6 1.6 1.6 US$/kg 275.3 1.0 1.1 1.1 US$/kg 194.5 0.6 0.7 0.6 43.2 87.2 1.5 29.5 15.9 21.8

SITC code 971 263 334 222 057 686 716 723 723 782

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Burkina Faso Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

21.9 14.2 23.9 503.1 22.0 66.4 83.8 44.6 13.4

7.4 6.4 9.6 19.0 1.6 98.9 46.1 -5.2 -1.4

100.0 3.6 25.5 9.7 0.4 4.6 4.3 0.5 51.4

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

3 575.1 415.6 65.4 1 118.3 505.2 576.0 731.4 163.2 0.0

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Insurance ( 10.7 %) Transportation ( 43.8 %)

Travel ( 10.4 %)

Other business ( 9.8 %) Financial ( 8.1 %) Remaining ( 5.8 %)

Construction ( 5.9 %) Computer & information ( 5.3 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.271)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

40

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

0%

1.5

1

0.5

0

.5 −0

−1

.5

100.0 11.6 1.8 31.3 14.1 16.1 20.5 4.6 0.0

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.083)

Top partner

−1

-18.1 -13.1 -20.3 -1.6 -15.7 -23.0 -35.7 -10.7 20.4

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia −2

14.9 9.5 7.6 25.5 15.5 10.8 11.7 6.9 35.4

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

60

2 845.6 101.7 724.4 275.3 12.0 130.8 123.1 15.4 1 462.9

2014 share

10

2014

2

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 31.3, 20.5 and 16.1 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Côte d’Ivoire, France and China, accounting for respectively 11.5, 9.3 and 9.2 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 555.7 mln US$, followed by "Insurance services" (EBOPS code 253) at 136.2 mln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 132.1 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 1006 Rice................................................................................................................................ 2523 Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement....................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 3105 Mineral or chemical fertilisers...................................................................................... 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 7213 Bars and rods, hot-rolled, in irregularly wound coils.................................................... 8711 Motorcycles (including mopeds) and cycles fitted with an auxiliary motor................. 8429 Self-propelled bulldozers, angledozers, graders, levellers, scrapers...........................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

3 568.0 867.8 100.0 115.1 93.1 86.0 86.0 81.8 69.4 71.4 61.8

Source: UN Comtrade

4 365.4 1 071.9 176.9 125.4 108.9 93.3 101.7 93.3 58.0 70.8 89.5

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

SITC code

3 575.1 US$/kg 334 1 049.6 1.0 1.1 1.0 US$/kg 542 155.8 16.2 18.4 24.4 US$/kg 042 99.1 0.3 0.3 0.3 US$/kg 661 95.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 82.7 22.8 21.5 21.2 thsd US$/unit 781 US$/kg 562 58.9 0.7 0.7 0.5 782 45.9 US$/kg 676 72.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 2.1 thsd US$/unit 785 57.8 723 30.8

113

Burundi Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Burundi decreased substantially by 19.6 percent to reach 113.8 mln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 16.7 percent to reach 560.6 mln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 446.8 mln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Sub-Saharan Africa at -97.0 mln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Burundi were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 7 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 13 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2013, the value of exports of services of Burundi increased substantially by 41.4 percent, reaching 131.2 mln US$, while its imports of services increased substantially by 10.7 percent and reached 234.1 mln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services deficit of 102.9 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Mln US$ by year) Imports

Trade Balance

(na) (na)

15

14

20

12

11

10

13

20

20

20

20

08

07

09

20

20

20

06

20

05

20

04

20

03

20

20

02

(na) (na)

20

15

14

Exports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Not classified elsewhere in the SITC" (SITC section 9) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 62.5, 12.1 and 7.3 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Gold (including gold plated with platinum)" (HS code 7108) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were the United Arab Emirates, Democratic Republic of the Congo and Switzerland, accounting for respectively 34.5, 14.9 and 13.3 percent of total exports. "Government services, n.i.e." (EBOPS code 291) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2013 at 98.9 mln US$, followed by "Communications services" (EBOPS code 245) at 12.8 mln US$ (see graph 3).

Exports

300 250 200 150 100 50 0 −50 −100 −150 −200 −250 −300

20

12

11

10

13

20

20

20

20

09

08

07

06

Trade Balance

20

20

20

20

04

03

Imports

20

20

20

20

20

02

1.2 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 −0.2 −0.4 −0.6 −0.8 −1 −1.2

05

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013)

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 75.4 %)

Remaining ( 14.9 %)

Communication ( 9.8 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 0901 Coffee, whether or not roasted or decaffeinated......................................................... 0902 Tea, whether or not flavoured....................................................................................... 3401 Soap; organic surface-active products.......................................................................... 2203 Beer made from malt..................................................................................................... 1101 Wheat or meslin flour.................................................................................................... 2402 Cigars, cheroots, cigarillos and cigarettes.................................................................... 3923 Articles for the conveyance or packing of goods, of plastics....................................... 7010 Carboys, bottles, flasks, jars, pots, phials, ampoules................................................... 2615 Niobium, tantalum, vanadium or zirconium ores and concentrates.............................

114

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

205.7 119.8 28.7 14.5 7.9 2.7 2.9 4.1 0.0 0.1 2.7

141.5 24.4 51.7 13.5 7.3 5.5 4.6 3.2 5.6 3.8 1.7

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

113.8 13.8 41.1 36.2 35.3 thsd US$/kg US$/kg 38.4 2.4 3.6 2.9 US$/kg 14.1 1.4 1.3 1.4 US$/kg 6.1 1.0 1.1 0.8 6.1 0.5 0.5 0.9 US$/litre US$/kg 5.6 0.8 0.8 0.7 US$/kg 5.3 7.5 7.0 6.6 US$/kg 3.9 0.9 3.6 4.0 US$/kg 3.9 1.0 1.9 2.2 US$/kg 1.4 35.3 23.6 14.4

SITC code 971 071 074 554 112 046 122 893 665 287

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Burundi Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-19.6 -11.5 24.7 -39.7 -19.6 -20.7 -53.6 -20.2 -43.6

100.0 62.5 4.5 0.4 6.0 7.3 2.6 4.7 12.1

560.6 62.5 21.1 115.1 87.7 78.4 148.2 46.9 0.6

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013) Transportation ( 65.9 %)

Travel ( 14.7 %)

Remaining ( 4.8 %) Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 5.6 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.139)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

40

20

0

0

0

−2

0

−4

0

−6

−8

20

40

00 −1

−1

60

100.0 11.2 3.8 20.5 15.6 14.0 26.4 8.4 0.1

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.065)

Top partner

−1

-16.7 -17.9 3.2 -29.7 -8.9 -20.6 -17.2 27.7 -57.5

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −1

-16.0 -19.4 -39.6 -22.9 -1.0 -16.5 -3.5 -2.0 -57.6

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Mln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

40

-12.9 -6.3 -27.2 -10.1 10.7 5.6 -33.6 50.7 -30.6

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

113.8 71.1 5.1 0.4 6.9 8.3 2.9 5.3 13.8

2015 share

0%

2015

60

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 26.4, 20.5 and 15.6 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were India, China and Saudi Arabia, accounting for respectively 11.2, 10.5 and 10.0 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2013 at 154.2 mln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 34.5 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 21.1 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Other business ( 9.0 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 2523 Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement....................................................... 3105 Mineral or chemical fertilisers...................................................................................... 1001 Wheat and meslin......................................................................................................... 3002 Human blood; animal blood prepared for therapeutic uses.......................................... 8429 Self-propelled bulldozers, angledozers, graders, levellers, scrapers...........................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

721.7 162.8 41.8 19.9 11.8 8.1 20.6 18.7 14.6 10.3 0.3

Source: UN Comtrade

672.6 160.9 37.2 28.6 18.7 27.4 19.7 17.6 19.0 7.8 14.5

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

560.6 US$/kg 112.6 1.3 1.3 0.9 US$/kg 34.1 10.6 10.4 9.6 thsd US$/unit 15.9 11.3 17.2 32.8 15.9 US$/kg 10.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 US$/kg 13.0 0.8 0.7 0.7 US$/kg 9.6 0.4 0.3 0.3 US$/kg 14.4 160.3 92.6 218.1 thsd US$/unit 17.0 56.0

SITC code 334 542 781 764 782 661 562 041 541 723

115

Cabo Verde Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Cabo Verde decreased substantially by 39.7 percent to reach 215.2 mln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 21.1 percent to reach 606.3 mln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 391.1 mln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at -320.8 mln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Cabo Verde were moderately concentrated amongst partners; imports were also moderately concentrated. The top 4 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 9 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Cabo Verde decreased slightly by 2.7 percent, reaching 626.7 mln US$, while its imports of services increased moderately by 6.4 percent and reached 351.1 mln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services surplus of 275.6 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Mln US$ by year)

(Mln US$ by year) Exports

1000

Imports

Trade Balance

800

Exports

800

Imports

Trade Balance

600

600

400

400

200

200

(na)

(na)

0

0

−200

−200

(na)

−400

Exports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 39.8, 36.9 and 16.4 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Portugal, Areas nes and Spain, accounting for respectively 28.7, 27.8 and 18.9 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 404.9 mln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 114.9 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

12

11

10

13

20

20

20

20

08

07

09

20

20

20

06

20

05

20

04

20

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

05

−800 04

−1000 03

−600

02

−800

03

−400

−600

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 64.6 %)

Transportation ( 18.3 %) Remaining ( 17.1 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 0303 Fish, frozen, excluding fish fillets and other fish meat of heading 03.04..................... 8609 Containers (including containers for the transport of fluids)........................................ 1604 Prepared or preserved fish; caviar................................................................................. 8429 Self-propelled bulldozers, angledozers, graders, levellers, scrapers........................... 8802 Other aircraft (for example, helicopters, aeroplanes); spacecraft................................ 8426 Ships'derricks; cranes, including cable cranes; mobile lifting frames.......................... 6406 Parts of footwear........................................................................................................... 2208 Alcohol of a strength by volume of less than 80 % vol................................................ 6203 Men's or boys'suits, ensembles, jackets, blazers, trousers..........................................

116

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

332.5 118.6 62.3 26.9 26.9 39.5 ... 11.6 5.1 1.0 1.4

356.8 119.0 51.3 83.8 32.2 0.3 32.6 2.8 5.4 0.8 3.1

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

SITC code

215.2 US$/kg 334 79.4 1.0 0.9 0.6 US$/kg 034 48.6 2.4 1.7 1.5 786 12.8 US$/kg 037 27.1 7.6 7.3 5.1 2.0 46.0 47.5 48.9 thsd US$/unit 723 mln US$/unit 792 32.6 ... 744 3.5 US$/kg 851 3.8 67.1 79.3 61.1 US$/litre 112 7.1 4.4 4.5 841 2.9

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Cabo Verde Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-8.4 -3.1 1.7 -7.2 -18.6 -15.9 -17.9 -10.3

-39.7 -2.6 -28.0 -33.5 -53.5 -37.7 -72.3 -29.3

100.0 39.8 0.5 36.9 0.3 0.8 16.4 5.2

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

606.3 185.4 23.0 77.9 40.8 101.9 132.6 44.7 0.0

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance

-10.5 -4.8 -4.5 -19.2 -6.7 -8.9 -14.4 -8.0 ...

Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category Transportation ( 26.8 %)

Travel ( 31.2 %)

Other business ( 24.7 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.212)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

0%

5 th

50 10 0 15 0

0

0

00

−5

50

−1

00

−1

50

−2

00

−2

50

−3

00

−3

50

−4

00

100.0 30.6 3.8 12.8 6.7 16.8 21.9 7.4 0.0

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.217)

Top partner

%

Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −4

-21.1 -9.4 -10.9 -34.3 -18.7 -18.0 -27.5 -28.2 914.7

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015)

Imports

(% share in 2014)

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Mln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015)

−5

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

40

215.2 85.7 1.1 79.4 0.7 1.7 35.4 11.3

2015 share

60

2015

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 30.6, 21.9 and 16.8 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Portugal, the Netherlands and Spain, accounting for respectively 40.7, 15.7 and 7.9 percent of total imports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 109.5 mln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 94.2 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 86.7 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Remaining ( 17.3 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 1006 Rice................................................................................................................................ 2523 Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement....................................................... 0402 Milk and cream, concentrated or containing added sugar........................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 0207 Meat and edible offal, of the poultry of heading 01.05................................................ 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 7214 Other bars and rods of iron or non-alloy steel.............................................................. 1701 Cane or beet sugar and chemically pure sucrose, in solid form................................... 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons......................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

726.4 141.5 27.2 23.3 16.5 11.0 13.3 11.2 9.4 11.9 11.0

Source: UN Comtrade

768.7 107.3 20.7 24.2 18.2 15.6 13.0 12.4 12.7 8.9 10.2

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

606.3 US$/kg 70.8 0.9 0.8 0.5 US$/kg 21.6 0.7 0.7 0.6 US$/kg 18.8 0.1 0.1 0.1 US$/kg 15.6 4.7 4.8 4.0 12.4 US$/kg 11.2 1.8 1.7 1.3 12.1 18.2 17.1 17.6 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 9.3 0.8 0.8 0.6 US$/kg 7.2 0.7 0.6 0.5 US$/kg 6.6 1.0 1.0 0.6

SITC code 334 042 661 022 764 012 781 676 061 343

117

Cambodia Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of Cambodia increased substantially by 15.5 percent to reach 10.7 bln US$, while its merchandise imports increased substantially by 105.6 percent to reach 19.0 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a moderate deficit of 8.3 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Eastern Asia at -8.4 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Cambodia were diversified amongst partners; imports were moderately concentrated. The top 8 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 7 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2013, the value of exports of services of Cambodia increased moderately by 9.5 percent, reaching 2.8 bln US$, while its imports of services increased substantially by 14.4 percent and reached 1.8 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services surplus of 1.0 bln US$. See footnote*.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year)

Exports Profile: "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 92.0, 3.2 and 2.7 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Unused postage, revenue or similar stamps of current or new issue" (HS code 4907) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were the United States, China, Hong Kong SAR and Singapore, accounting for respectively 22.4, 20.2 and 11.6 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2013 at 1.9 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 343.5 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 251.1 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

12

13

20

20

11

20

09

10

20

20

08

20

07

20

06

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−20

20

−15

05

−10

Trade Balance

(na) (na)

20

(na)

−5

Imports

(na) (na)

04

(na)

0

20

5

03

10

20

15

Exports

3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 −0.5 −1 −1.5 −2 −2.5 −3 02

Trade Balance

20

20

Imports

20

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013) Travel ( 69.8 %)

Transportation ( 12.3 %) Remaining ( 8.9 %)

Other business ( 9.0 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 4907 Unused postage, revenue or similar stamps of current or new issue.......................... 6104 Women's or girls' suits, ensembles, jackets, blazers, dresses, skirts.......................... 6109 T-shirts, singlets and other vests, knitted or crocheted................................................ 6103 Men's, boys' suits,jackets,trousers etc knitted or crocheted........................................ 6110 Jerseys, pullovers, cardigans, waist-coats and similar articles................................... 6108 Women's or girls' slips, petticoats, briefs, panties, knitted or crocheted.................... 6403 Footwear with outer soles of rubber, plastics, leather................................................. 1006 Rice................................................................................................................................ 8712 Bicycles and other cycles (including delivery tricycles), not motorised........................ 6111 Babies' garments and clothing accessories, knitted or crocheted...............................

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

7 838.1 2 282.1 1 064.8 586.8 741.1 754.2 250.1 186.5 139.5 253.4 123.1

9 248.1 2 260.1 1 199.6 1 045.2 865.0 546.4 321.3 207.7 258.2 357.6 181.4

10 681.4 3 932.7 1 324.7 1 153.7 937.8 519.6 330.6 269.2 231.5 0.7 231.4

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

SITC code

55.8 56.4 62.0 thsd US$/kg

892 844 845 843 845 844 851 042 785 845

6.1 5.5 5.2

US$/unit

18.3 16.9 17.6

US$/unit

19.2 21.8 19.4 0.7 0.7 0.7

US$/pair US$/kg

15.4 15.0 12.7

US$/kg

*Increase of imports in 2014 is concentrated on inputs for clothing industry (HS chapters 60, 55, 52).

118

Source: UN Comtrade

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Cambodia Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

15.5 -9.9 2.5 -100.0 -47.6 -38.6 -87.4 27.1 1197.7

100.0 3.2 2.7 0.0 0.1 0.8 0.8 92.0 0.4

18 973.2 1 410.0 226.1 690.0 1 250.7 9 759.9 3 610.4 1 655.0 371.2

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013) Transportation ( 55.9 %)

Travel ( 18.5 %)

Remaining ( 11.5 %)

Construction ( 8.1 %) Insurance ( 5.9 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.124)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

2

0

−2

−4

−6

−8

0

100.0 7.4 1.2 3.6 6.6 51.4 19.0 8.7 2.0

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.193)

Top partner

−1

2

105.6 151.4 130.5 -31.3 144.7 172.1 96.5 7.1 342.0

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −1

40.3 42.6 19.6 18.8 41.9 44.3 37.3 46.4 22.2

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

40

17.6 49.8 17.9 -75.2 -8.2 21.7 -24.5 18.1 80.5

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

10 681.4 343.1 284.1 0.0 10.7 86.2 87.2 9 830.8 39.3

2014 share

0%

2014

4

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 51.4, 19.0 and 8.7 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Other knitted or crocheted fabrics" (HS code 6006) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were China, Thailand and Viet Nam, accounting for respectively 35.8, 11.4 and 10.3 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2013 at 987.9 mln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 327.9 mln US$ and "Construction services" (EBOPS code 249) at 144.0 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 6006 Other knitted or crocheted fabrics................................................................................. 6004 Knitted or crocheted fabrics of a width exceeding 30 cm............................................ 5515 Other woven fabrics of synthetic staple fibres............................................................. 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 4907 Unused postage, revenue or similar stamps of current or new issue.......................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 2402 Cigars, cheroots, cigarillos and cigarettes.................................................................... 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 5509 Yarn (other than sewing thread) of synthetic staple fibres.......................................... 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods....................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

7 062.6 768.1 593.0 554.6 910.1 0.1 207.6 155.3 104.9 131.5 149.3

Source: UN Comtrade

9 227.4 815.1 744.0 641.6 950.3 978.5 216.6 184.4 80.4 155.5 152.5

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

18 973.2 US$/kg 2 310.0 6.7 6.7 6.9 US$/kg 1 898.9 5.4 5.8 6.3 US$/kg 1 721.9 7.5 8.0 8.7 US$/kg 646.1 0.9 1.0 1.1 75.3 0.0 6.6 4.8 thsd US$/kg 424.8 21.0 22.2 22.0 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 395.5 4.8 5.2 5.4 371.2 51.9 39.8 40.4 thsd US$/kg US$/kg 241.8 5.1 5.4 5.9 169.3

SITC code 655 655 653 334 892 781 122 971 651 782

119

Cameroon Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of Cameroon increased substantially by 14.1 percent to reach 5.2 bln US$, while its merchandise imports increased substantially by 13.6 percent to reach 7.6 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a moderate deficit of 2.4 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Sub-Saharan Africa at -1.5 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Cameroon were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 12 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 19 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2013, the value of exports of services of Cameroon increased substantially by 21.5 percent, reaching 2.0 bln US$, while its imports of services increased substantially by 22.1 percent and reached 2.6 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services deficit of 619.9 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year)

Exports Profile: "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 56.3, 17.4 and 15.2 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Petroleum oils, crude" (HS code 2709) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Spain, Portugal and China, accounting for respectively 13.8, 12.7 and 12.0 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2013 at 576.0 mln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 567.7 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 437.1 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

13

20

12

20

10

09

11

20

20

20

07

08

20

20

06

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−8

20

−6

05

−4

Trade Balance

(na) (na)

20

(na)

−2

Imports

(na) (na)

04

(na)

0

20

2

03

4

20

6

Exports

3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 −0.5 −1 −1.5 −2 −2.5 −3 02

Trade Balance

20

8

Imports

20

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013)

Transportation ( 28.7 %)

Other business ( 22.1 %)

Travel ( 29.1 %)

Communication ( 5.3 %)

Remaining ( 14.9 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2002 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2709 Petroleum oils, crude..................................................................................................... 1801 Cocoa beans, whole or broken, raw or roasted............................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 4407 Wood sawn or chipped lengthwise, sliced or peeled................................................... 5201 Cotton, not carded or combed....................................................................................... 4403 Wood in the rough, whether or not stripped of bark or sapwood................................ 4001 Natural rubber, balata, gutta-percha, guayule, chicle.................................................. 7601 Unwrought aluminium................................................................................................... 0803 Bananas, including plantains........................................................................................ 0901 Coffee, whether or not roasted or decaffeinated.........................................................

120

Source: UN Comtrade

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

4 275.0 1 834.1 394.8 527.5 279.8 143.7 121.8 121.5 52.6 74.9 87.3

4 520.9 2 204.0 453.5 258.2 274.7 173.7 145.9 122.2 64.5 83.5 40.2

5 159.5 2 469.2 563.6 321.1 300.7 160.6 176.7 91.8 147.9 77.1 63.9

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

0.6 2.3 0.9

0.7 2.4 0.8

0.6 2.9 0.8

2.8 1.8 0.3 2.1

2.3 1.9 0.3 1.9

1.6 1.8 0.3 2.0

0.7 1.2 1.9 1.9

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg thsd US$/m3 US$/kg 1.8 US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

SITC code 333 072 334 248 263 247 231 684 057 071

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Cameroon Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

14.1 20.6 6.1 14.9 -12.2 25.3 -2.7 91.8 -24.1

100.0 17.4 15.2 56.3 1.9 6.0 2.3 0.8 0.1

7 561.1 1 234.5 284.1 2 117.9 777.8 1 007.9 1 807.8 330.7 0.3

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013) Other business ( 24.7 %)

Transportation ( 38.4 %)

Travel ( 23.6 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.087)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

0%

2

2.5

1

1.5

0.5

0

.5

−1

−0

.5 −1

100.0 16.3 3.8 28.0 10.3 13.3 23.9 4.4 0.0

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.084)

Top partner

−2

.5

13.6 -13.0 15.3 35.4 7.2 9.7 25.8 3.0 -98.6

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −2

10.2 9.0 9.8 10.5 9.7 10.5 11.7 5.4 80.5

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

40

7.4 -1.2 6.5 10.9 15.2 9.3 10.7 10.5 -32.6

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

5 159.5 897.0 783.8 2 906.0 98.1 309.1 118.4 41.3 5.8

2014 share

10

2014

3

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 28.0, 23.9 and 16.3 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, crude" (HS code 2709) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Nigeria, China and France, accounting for respectively 16.5, 14.4 and 11.4 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2013 at 998.9 mln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 642.6 mln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 612.4 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Remaining ( 13.3 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2002 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2709 Petroleum oils, crude..................................................................................................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 1006 Rice................................................................................................................................ 0303 Fish, frozen, excluding fish fillets.................................................................................. 1001 Wheat and meslin......................................................................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 2523 Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement....................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods....................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

6 515.1 1 300.9 565.0 306.9 239.4 196.6 165.8 137.8 147.1 62.3 100.3

Source: UN Comtrade

6 657.2 999.4 445.4 430.7 281.4 194.2 168.3 179.4 145.0 154.9 106.4

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

7 561.1 US$/kg 1 429.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 US$/kg 551.3 1.0 1.0 1.0 US$/kg 282.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 US$/kg 292.9 1.3 1.4 1.4 US$/kg 192.1 0.4 0.4 0.4 US$/kg 218.0 21.8 20.5 17.7 US$/kg 200.9 0.1 0.1 0.1 159.3 20.9 20.3 20.3 thsd US$/unit 222.6 108.8

SITC code 333 334 042 034 041 542 661 781 764 782

121

Canada Goods Imports: FOB, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Canada decreased substantially by 14.0 percent to reach 407.1 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased moderately by 9.5 percent to reach 418.8 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small deficit of 11.7 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed North America at 86.1 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Canada were highly concentrated amongst partners; imports were also highly concentrated. The top 2 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 7 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Canada decreased slightly by 4.2 percent, reaching 82.1 bln US$, while its imports of services decreased slightly by 4.5 percent and reached 105.9 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services deficit of 23.8 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year)

Exports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 28.8, 19.0 and 11.8 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude" (HS code 2709) (see table 1). Canada was the third largest export in the World of this commodity. The main destination for merchandise exports was the United States which accounted for 76.4 percent of total exports. It was followed by China and the United Kingdom, accounting for respectively 4.0 and 3.0 percent of total exports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 27.8 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 17.4 bln US$ and "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 12.4 bln US$ (see graph 3).

15

13

14

20

20

12

20

11

20

09

10

20

20

08

20

07

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−500

20

−400

06

−300

(na)

20

−200

Trade Balance

(na)

05

−100

Imports

20

0

04

100

20

200

03

300

20

400

Exports

120 100 80 60 40 20 0 −20 −40 −60 −80 −100 −120 02

Trade Balance

20

500

Imports

20

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 21.3 %)

Transportation ( 15.1 %)

Other business ( 33.9 %)

Computer & information ( 8.3 %) Financial ( 5.8 %) Remaining ( 10.4 %)

Royalties & lic. fees ( 5.3 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) Unit value 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2013 2014 2015 2013 2014 2015 Unit All Commodities............................................................................................................ 456 598.3 473 603.1 407 140.0 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 79 372.9 88 120.1 50 198.4 US$/kg 0.8 0.8 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 45 193.3 44 877.3 44 874.1 21.0 20.7 21.0 thsd US$/unit 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 14 619.7 16 017.7 17 914.9 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 18 455.3 15 185.3 11 427.8 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 15 717.6 14 972.8 12 420.5 44.2 40.2 36.1 thsd US$/kg 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 12 954.2 17 001.6 9 162.4 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 10 403.2 10 762.8 10 737.6 10.5 10.2 10.3 US$/kg 8802 Other aircraft (for example, helicopters, aeroplanes); spacecraft................................ 6 501.7 8 148.9 8 278.2 4407 Wood sawn or chipped lengthwise, sliced or peeled................................................... US$/m3 7 438.7 7 842.3 7 009.3 192.0 192.4 1001 Wheat and meslin......................................................................................................... US$/kg 6 488.6 7 189.9 6 206.4 0.3 0.3 HS code

122

Source: UN Comtrade

SITC code 333 781 931 334 971 343 784 792 248 041

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Canada Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-14.0 -4.8 -14.0 -39.9 -3.8 -8.1 -1.4 5.8 -2.7

100.0 9.3 9.3 19.0 9.0 11.8 28.8 5.3 7.6

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

418 801.1 32 864.3 11 610.1 29 478.1 44 991.1 50 596.1 181 843.5 52 130.7 15 287.1

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Transportation ( 20.5 %)

Other business ( 20.0 %) Travel ( 31.9 %)

Royalties & lic. fees ( 10.5 %) Remaining ( 17.1 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.591)

Top partner

25 th 10

80

60

40

20

20

40

0%

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

%

15 th

0%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

0%

0

0

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category

35

0

30

0

25

0

20

0

15

50

10

0

0

00

50

00

−5

−1

−1

100.0 7.8 2.8 7.0 10.7 12.1 43.4 12.4 3.7

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.305)

Top partner

−2

50

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −2

-9.5 -3.8 -13.4 -38.1 -7.3 -9.5 -4.9 -5.0 -12.1

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

(% share in 2014)

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

-1.8 1.9 -4.4 -13.7 -0.4 -2.1 0.2 -0.1 -5.5

%

-2.5 3.1 -4.0 -9.6 -1.9 -3.8 1.7 1.5 0.0

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

407 140.0 37 781.0 37 948.5 77 343.2 36 510.1 48 053.3 117 182.2 21 480.3 30 841.4

2015 share

80

2015

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 43.4, 12.4 and 12.1 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport" (HS code 8703) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the United States, China and Mexico, accounting for respectively 53.2, 11.6 and 5.7 percent of total imports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 33.8 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 21.7 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 21.1 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2013 2014 2015 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 461 785.1 462 984.2 418 801.1 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 26 336.7 27 009.3 26 296.6 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 21 552.8 20 560.0 19 906.3 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 26 237.9 21 562.1 13 161.6 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 17 376.4 18 294.3 11 849.4 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 13 189.9 12 775.8 11 878.2 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 9 412.2 9 105.3 9 587.0 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 8 957.7 8 888.1 7 886.4 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 8 497.9 8 688.0 8 058.4 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 8 436.2 8 611.1 7 539.8 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 9 281.5 7 999.4 6 532.8 HS code

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Source: UN Comtrade

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

SITC code

20.9 20.3 19.0 thsd US$/unit 781 US$/kg 784 12.1 12.2 12.3 US$/kg 333 0.8 0.8

334

33.8 31.5 28.8 thsd US$/unit 782

23.2 22.0 17.7 thsd US$/kg

764 752 931 542 971

123

Central African Republic Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of the Central African Republic decreased substantially by 57.3 percent to reach 20.7 mln US$, while its merchandise imports increased substantially by 137.4 percent to reach 308.0 mln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 287.3 mln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at -120.6 mln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in the Central African Republic were highly concentrated amongst partners; imports were diversified. The top 3 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 13 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2012, the value of exports of services of the Central African Republic increased moderately by 6.3 percent, reaching 69.1 mln US$, while its imports of services increased substantially by 14.5 percent and reached 179.0 mln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services deficit of 109.9 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Mln US$ by year)

(Mln US$ by year) Exports

350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 −50 −100 −150 −200 −250 −300 −350

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

200

Imports

Trade Balance

150 100 50 (na)

(na) (na) (na)

0 (na)

(na) (na) (na)

−50 −100 −150

Exports Profile: "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4) was the largest commodity group for export in 2014 accounting for 99.3 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Diamonds, whether or not worked, but not mounted or set" (HS code 7102) (see table 1). "Government services, n.i.e." (EBOPS code 291) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2012 at 47.1 mln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 11.0 mln US$ and "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 5.5 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

13

20

12

20

10

09

11

20

20

20

07

08

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

03

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−200

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2012) Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 68.1 %)

Travel ( 15.9 %) Other business ( 7.9 %)

Transportation ( 8.0 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 7102 Diamonds, whether or not worked, but not mounted or set......................................... 4403 Wood in the rough, whether or not stripped of bark or sapwood................................ 4407 Wood sawn or chipped lengthwise, sliced or peeled................................................... 5201 Cotton, not carded or combed....................................................................................... 8429 Self-propelled bulldozers, angledozers, graders, levellers, scrapers........................... 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 8701 Tractors (other than tractors of heading 87.09)............................................................ 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 2714 Bitumen and asphalt, natural........................................................................................ 8430 Other moving, grading, levelling, scraping, excavating, tamping, compacting............

124

Source: UN Comtrade

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

114.2 65.2 18.6 7.2 10.8 2.0 1.8 1.5 1.1 0.8 0.8

48.5 22.2 14.3 5.1 2.8 1.0 0.6 ... 0.3 ... ...

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

20.7 ... 565.2 12.5 1.2 1.3 5.1 2.9 0.0 ... 45.9 51.3 25.7 ... ... ... 10.4 ... 1.1 ...

US$/m3 thsd US$/m3 thsd US$/kg thsd US$/unit thsd US$/unit thsd US$/kg US$/kg

SITC code 667 247 248 263 723 782 722 971 278 723

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Central African Republic Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

-57.3 -67.5 -53.7 1023.8 -82.4 -99.8 -99.3

100.0 0.1 99.3 0.4 0.2 0.0 0.0

308.0 76.0 8.0 1.3 54.8 30.9 90.9 45.8 0.2

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2012)

Transportation ( 51.7 %) Travel ( 28.9 %)

Remaining ( 2.3 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.298)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

0%

5 th

10

0

0 −2

0 −4

0 −6

0 −8

00 −1

20 −1

100.0 24.7 2.6 0.4 17.8 10.0 29.5 14.9 0.1

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.086)

Top partner

40

137.4 78.9 16.5 41.2 72.9 116.7 268.9 437.5 -29.2

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia −1

10.1 10.1 -11.4 -11.5 11.7 -2.1 12.4 28.2 -12.9

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Mln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

%

-30.7 -67.2 -29.7 26.6 -38.4 -75.5 -80.8

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

40

20.7 0.0 20.6 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0

2014 share

60

2014

20

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 5 6 7 8

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 29.5, 24.7 and 17.8 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06)" (HS code 3004) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were France, China and the United States, accounting for respectively 23.4, 8.2 and 7.6 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2012 at 92.6 mln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 51.8 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 30.5 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Other business ( 17.0 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 1101 Wheat or meslin flour.................................................................................................... 1701 Cane or beet sugar and chemically pure sucrose, in solid form................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 1006 Rice................................................................................................................................ 9018 Instruments and appliances used in medical, surgical, dental or veterinary............... 3002 Human blood; animal blood prepared for therapeutic uses.......................................... 9301 Military weapons, other than revolvers, pistols and the arms of heading 93.07.........

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

217.5 13.9 12.0 7.5 17.5 10.6 7.1 2.1 3.4 4.3 ...

Source: UN Comtrade

129.7 20.0 3.7 0.9 10.3 6.6 3.4 3.4 3.9 5.5 ...

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

SITC code

308.0 US$/kg 542 42.6 14.0 26.9 35.6 20.2 27.4 23.7 33.1 thsd US$/unit 781 23.5 29.3 thsd US$/unit 782 25.3 US$/kg 046 5.0 0.5 0.5 0.5 US$/kg 061 5.7 0.7 0.6 0.7 764 6.5 US$/kg 042 11.4 0.6 0.8 0.6 872 8.8 US$/kg 541 4.1 241.0 225.7 212.0 891 13.2

125

Chile Goods Imports: CIF, by consignment

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Chile decreased substantially by 17.3 percent to reach 63.4 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 12.9 percent to reach 63.0 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small surplus of 322.5 mln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Eastern Asia at 5.1 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Chile were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 15 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 14 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Chile decreased substantially by 11.9 percent, reaching 11.0 bln US$, while its imports of services decreased moderately by 7.1 percent and reached 14.7 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services deficit of 3.8 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

100

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

20

80

Imports

Trade Balance

15

60

10

40 20

5

0

0

−20

−5

(na) (na)

−40

Exports Profile: "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 33.8, 31.6 and 23.5 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Refined copper and copper alloys, unwrought" (HS code 7403) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were China, the United States and Japan, accounting for respectively 25.2, 12.6 and 9.6 percent of total exports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 4.8 bln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 2.5 bln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 2.3 bln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

12

13

20

20

10

09

08

07

11

20

20

20

20

20

06

20

04

05

20

20

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

05

−20 04

−100 03

−15

02

−80

03

−10

−60

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Other business ( 22.8 %) Transportation ( 44.0 %)

Travel ( 20.5 %) Remaining ( 12.6 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 7403 Refined copper and copper alloys, unwrought.............................................................. 2603 Copper ores and concentrates....................................................................................... 7402 Unrefined copper; copper anodes for electrolytic refining........................................... 4703 Chemical wood pulp, soda or sulphate, other than dissolving grades......................... 0304 Fish fillets and other fish meat (whether or not minced).............................................. 2204 Wine of fresh grapes, including fortified wines........................................................... 0806 Grapes, fresh or dried.................................................................................................... 0303 Fish, frozen, excluding fish fillets and other fish meat of heading 03.04..................... 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 2601 Iron ores and concentrates, including roasted iron pyrites...........................................

126

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

76 684.1 18 805.1 16 883.1 3 552.1 2 804.9 1 988.2 1 968.7 1 794.0 1 367.6 1 382.2 1 378.8

76 639.2 18 105.6 16 816.9 3 005.7 2 890.1 2 332.0 1 856.0 1 690.2 1 707.8 1 066.7 1 140.2

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

63 360.1 US$/kg 14 381.2 7.1 6.8 5.4 US$/kg 13 891.0 6.8 6.4 5.1 US$/kg 2 177.4 7.5 6.9 5.4 US$/kg 2 572.1 0.6 0.6 0.6 US$/kg 1 893.0 8.3 9.5 1 842.7 2.2 2.3 2.1 US$/litre US$/kg 1 486.1 1.9 2.1 1.8 US$/kg 1 325.3 3.7 4.6 796.4 43.8 38.5 36.1 thsd US$/kg US$/kg 717.6 0.1 0.1 0.1

SITC code 682 283 682 251 034 112 057 034 971 281

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Chile Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-17.3 -10.6 -17.8 -31.0 -15.0 -20.5 -24.1 -11.2 -25.0

100.0 23.5 33.8 0.7 4.5 31.6 3.2 1.5 1.3

63 037.6 5 143.2 1 445.3 8 920.9 7 625.8 8 235.2 23 707.6 7 919.9 39.7

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Other business ( 15.4 %) Transportation ( 42.4 %)

Travel ( 14.5 %)

Royalties & lic. fees ( 10.5 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.107)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

20

15

10

5

0

−5

−1

0

5

100.0 8.2 2.3 14.2 12.1 13.1 37.6 12.6 0.1

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.107)

Top partner

−1

0

-12.9 -7.0 -26.5 -41.8 -3.1 -2.6 -4.2 -6.1 101.1

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −2

-4.2 0.1 -11.5 -16.0 0.6 0.1 -2.6 2.3 361.5

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

40

-6.1 1.5 -2.8 -14.4 -4.8 -12.5 -4.1 -5.9 -13.8

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

63 360.1 14 874.7 21 407.3 443.7 2 880.3 20 005.4 2 004.3 944.0 800.4

2015 share

0%

2015

25

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 37.6, 14.2 and 13.1 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were China, the United States and Brazil, accounting for respectively 21.2, 19.7 and 7.3 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 6.2 bln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 2.3 bln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 2.1 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Remaining ( 17.2 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 4011 New pneumatic tyres, of rubber.................................................................................... 8802 Other aircraft (for example, helicopters, aeroplanes); spacecraft................................ 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05....................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

79 172.8 7 088.5 6 633.4 4 476.9 2 591.1 2 612.8 1 901.1 1 428.1 1 216.7 1 279.0 942.7

Source: UN Comtrade

72 344.3 6 272.5 6 040.6 3 744.6 2 017.3 1 935.8 1 950.7 1 142.2 1 095.7 864.5 1 034.2

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

SITC code

63 037.6 US$/kg 334 4 001.0 1.1 1.0 US$/kg 333 2 854.3 0.7 0.7 0.3 3 217.2 14.7 15.7 14.8 thsd US$/unit 781 764 2 344.6 782 1 712.2 US$/kg 343 1 226.1 0.5 0.5 US$/unit 752 1 191.1 147.0 625 149.1 124.5 US$/unit 1 009.9 mln US$/unit 792 907.1 14.5 8.5 US$/kg 784 1 018.0 12.4 13.1 12.6

127

China Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, China was again the world's top exporter of merchandise goods. The value of merchandise exports of China decreased slightly by 2.6 percent to reach 2281.9 bln US$ in 2015, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 14.1 percent to reach 1681.7 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a moderate surplus of 600.2 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed North America at 263.7 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in China were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 25 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 21 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of China increased substantially by 14.6 percent, reaching 210.6 bln US$, while its imports of services increased substantially by 15.8 percent and reached 382.9 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services deficit of 172.3 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

2500

Imports

Trade Balance

2000

Exports

400

Imports

Trade Balance

300

1500

200

1000 500

100

0

0

−500

−100

(na) (na)

−1000

Exports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 46.8, 25.7 and 17.2 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy" (HS code 8517). China's exports of this commodity grew by 9.2 percent from 2014 to 2015 (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were the United States, China, Hong Kong SAR and Japan, accounting for respectively 17.2, 15.8 and 6.4 percent of total exports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 68.9 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 56.9 bln US$ and "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 38.2 bln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

13

20

12

20

10

11

20

20

09

20

07

08

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

05

−400 04

−2500 03

−300

02

−2000

03

−200

−1500

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 27.0 %)

Other business ( 32.7 %)

Transportation ( 18.2 %)

Remaining ( 5.2 %)

Computer & information ( 9.6 %) Construction ( 7.3 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 8542 Electronic integrated circuits......................................................................................... 9013 Liquid crystal devices.................................................................................................... 7113 Articles of jewellery and parts thereof, of precious metal........................................... 8541 Diodes, transistors and similar semiconductor devices................................................ 9405 Lamps and lighting fittings............................................................................................ 8473 Parts and accessories for use with machines of heading 84.69 to 84.72.................... 9403 Other furniture and parts thereof.................................................................................. 8528 Reception apparatus for television...............................................................................

128

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (billion US$) 2014 2015

2 209.0 174.9 161.7 87.9 38.6 28.9 27.9 24.7 29.4 28.9 26.7

2 342.3 195.3 163.4 61.2 34.7 48.5 30.6 31.1 31.2 28.4 30.3

2 281.9 213.2 137.3 70.1 34.0 18.6 33.6 35.8 28.9 29.2 28.2

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

92.2 90.1 84.2

US$/unit

32.2 50.3 30.4 thsd US$/kg

10.3 14.7 11.8 37.0 42.9 48.9

US$/kg US$/kg

98.5 98.7 93.0

US$/unit

SITC code 764 752 776 871 897 776 813 759 821 761

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

China Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

4.7 3.9 -1.5 -3.5 3.1 5.3 4.3 6.3 -3.5

-2.6 -0.4 -11.4 -18.9 -3.6 -2.1 -0.4 -5.4 -10.4

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

100.0 2.7 0.6 1.2 5.7 17.2 46.8 25.7 0.1

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

1 681 670.8 56 285.2 219 255.0 198 668.2 170 887.2 135 042.5 688 286.3 132 721.7 80 524.7

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.052)

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Transportation ( 25.1 %) Travel ( 43.1 %)

Other business ( 13.9 %) Remaining ( 6.1 %)

Royalties & lic. fees ( 5.9 %) Insurance ( 5.9 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.068)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

50

0

0

0

40

30

20

0 10

0

00 −1

00 −2

00

00

Top partner

−3

100.0 3.3 13.0 11.8 10.2 8.0 40.9 7.9 4.8

40

Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania 00

-14.1 9.4 -21.5 -37.3 -10.9 -22.0 -5.0 -3.8 -2.7

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015)

Imports

−4

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015)

−5

-0.9 14.8 -7.3 -7.9 -1.4 -2.6 2.2 1.0 12.9

60

2 281 855.9 61 527.3 14 627.0 27 943.8 129 616.5 393 489.9 1 067 094.0 585 526.0 2 031.5

2015 share

0%

2015

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4) and "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 40.9, 13.0 and 11.8 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Electronic integrated circuits" (HS code 8542) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the Republic of Korea, Japan and the United States, accounting for respectively 9.8, 8.4 and 8.3 percent of total imports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 164.9 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 96.2 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 53.4 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 8542 Electronic integrated circuits......................................................................................... 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 2601 Iron ores and concentrates, including roasted iron pyrites........................................... 9013 Liquid crystal devices.................................................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 1201 Soya beans, whether or not broken.............................................................................. 8541 Diodes, transistors and similar semiconductor devices................................................ 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof..............................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (billion US$) 2014 2015

1 950.0 232.1 219.7 104.7 106.2 55.4 47.5 46.9 38.0 29.2 29.1

Source: UN Comtrade

1 958.0 218.5 228.3 82.8 93.5 50.0 59.7 43.9 40.3 31.4 28.7

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

1 681.7 231.1 US$/kg 134.3 0.8 0.7 0.4 80.5 US$/kg 57.9 0.1 0.1 0.1 46.3 44.2 40.1 42.2 40.4 thsd US$/unit 48.9 US$/kg 34.9 0.6 0.6 0.4 30.7 26.1 39.5 38.1 36.8 US$/unit

SITC code 776 333 931 281 871 781 764 222 776 752

129

China, Hong Kong SAR Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of China, Hong Kong SAR decreased slightly by 4.9 percent to reach 498.6 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased moderately by 8.8 percent to reach 547.6 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small deficit, narrowing to 49.0 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG South-eastern Asia at -34.9 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in China, Hong Kong SAR were highly concentrated amongst partners; imports were moderately concentrated. The top 10 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 8 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2013, the value of exports of services of China, Hong Kong SAR decreased substantially by 22.3 percent, reaching 100.5 bln US$, while its imports of services increased slightly by 1.7 percent and reached 59.7 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services surplus of 40.8 bln US$, down from the trade in service surplus in 2012 of 70.6 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 −100 −200 −300 −400 −500 −600 −700

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

150

Imports

Trade Balance

100 50 (na) (na)

0 (na) (na)

−50 −100

Exports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) and "Not classified elsewhere in the SITC" (SITC section 9) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 62.6, 15.1 and 9.0 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Electronic integrated circuits" (HS code 8542), accounting for 17.2 percent of total merchandise exports by value in 2015 (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were China, the United States and Japan, accounting for respectively 58.1, 8.3 and 3.2 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2013 at 38.9 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 30.8 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 12.8 bln US$ (see graph 3).

14

13

12

11

10

09

08

07

15 20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

02

03

20

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−150

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013) Transportation ( 30.7 %) Travel ( 38.7 %)

Other business ( 12.8 %) Remaining ( 5.4 %)

Financial ( 12.5 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) Unit value SITC 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 code 2013 2014 2015 2013 2014 2015 Unit All Commodities............................................................................................................ 535 186.7 524 064.9 498 557.6 8542 Electronic integrated circuits......................................................................................... 67 365.5 77 458.1 85 539.5 776 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 64 329.4 69 571.0 75 127.6 764 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 76 190.6 49 952.6 45 005.7 49.3 41.2 37.7 thsd US$/kg 971 8473 Parts and accessories for use with machines of heading 84.69 to 84.72.................... 26 068.8 26 478.7 24 194.6 US$/kg 759 84.7 86.8 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 16 823.9 17 650.1 18 489.6 752 47.9 59.9 US$/unit 7102 Diamonds, whether or not worked, but not mounted or set......................................... 14 786.0 16 105.4 14 969.1 667 8529 Parts suitable for use with the apparatus of headings 85.25 to 85.28......................... 12 926.1 11 607.1 11 369.1 US$/kg 764 85.6 98.0 8541 Diodes, transistors and similar semiconductor devices................................................ 10 267.3 12 857.6 10 610.1 776 8504 Electrical transformers, static converters..................................................................... 10 928.1 11 208.8 10 416.0 771 8534 Printed circuits............................................................................................................... US$/kg 772 9 410.5 9 802.3 9 737.9 57.8 59.1 HS code

130

Source: UN Comtrade

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

China, Hong Kong SAR Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2.3 6.6 -8.7 -6.3 -8.4 -5.2 5.1 -4.9 13.9

-4.9 6.2 -22.7 -15.0 -20.9 -18.0 1.1 -12.2 -11.1

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

100.0 1.8 0.5 0.1 2.8 7.9 62.6 15.1 9.0

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

547 568.5 25 021.4 3 132.9 12 122.1 15 502.1 47 662.2 330 623.6 76 774.1 36 730.0

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

(% share in 2013) Transportation ( 27.7 %)

Travel ( 35.5 %) Other business ( 18.4 %)

Remaining ( 12.1 %)

Financial ( 6.3 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.335)

Top partner

25 th 10

80

60

40

20

20

40

0%

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

%

15 th

0%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

0%

0

0

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category

35

0

30

0

25

0

20

0

15

10

0 50

00 −5 0

50

−1

00

−1

50

−2

00

−2

100.0 4.6 0.6 2.2 2.8 8.7 60.4 14.0 6.7

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.242)

Top partner

%

Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania 50

-8.8 -5.9 -12.4 -23.1 -29.2 -15.0 -0.4 -13.7 -34.3

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015)

Imports

−3

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015)

−3

1.8 4.4 -7.9 -10.4 -10.8 -3.8 5.0 -3.2 8.0

60

498 557.6 9 090.2 2 408.7 726.4 14 066.3 39 559.0 312 343.1 75 296.4 45 067.5

2015 share

80

2015

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 60.4, 14.0 and 8.7 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Electronic integrated circuits" (HS code 8542), accounting for 18.5 percent of total merchandise imports by value in 2015 (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were China, Japan and Other Asia nes, accounting for respectively 44.8, 6.3 and 6.2 percent of total imports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2013 at 21.2 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 16.5 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 11.0 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) Unit value SITC 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 code 2013 2014 2015 2013 2014 2015 Unit All Commodities............................................................................................................ 621 416.9 600 613.1 547 568.5 8542 Electronic integrated circuits......................................................................................... 81 418.9 98 116.7 101 098.9 776 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 61 337.1 68 951.5 77 872.6 764 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 97 142.9 54 964.5 36 212.6 43.4 37.9 33.9 thsd US$/kg 971 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 22 444.9 22 676.1 22 520.8 752 55.2 62.5 US$/unit 7102 Diamonds, whether or not worked, but not mounted or set......................................... 20 068.5 21 926.9 19 081.6 667 8473 Parts and accessories for use with machines of heading 84.69 to 84.72.................... 21 961.3 19 339.6 17 266.8 US$/kg 759 68.0 65.2 8541 Diodes, transistors and similar semiconductor devices................................................ 12 968.7 15 532.0 12 804.3 776 7113 Articles of jewellery and parts thereof, of precious metal........................................... 12 247.2 14 156.3 10 890.3 36.4 36.6 30.6 thsd US$/kg 897 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 14 717.9 12 726.9 US$/kg 334 9 047.9 1.6 1.7 1.7 8529 Parts suitable for use with the apparatus of headings 85.25 to 85.28......................... 11 229.7 US$/kg 764 9 693.5 8 934.2 71.4 83.4 HS code

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Source: UN Comtrade

131

China, Macao SAR Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of China, Macao SAR increased moderately by 8.0 percent to reach 1.3 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased moderately by 7.0 percent to reach 10.6 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 9.3 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Eastern Asia at -9.4 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in China, Macao SAR were highly concentrated amongst partners; imports were also highly concentrated. The top 2 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 1 partner accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of China, Macao SAR decreased slightly by 0.9 percent, reaching 53.1 bln US$, while its imports of services decreased substantially by 10.9 percent and reached 10.4 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services surplus of 42.7 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year)

Exports Profile: "Not classified elsewhere in the SITC" (SITC section 9), "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) and "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 43.5, 29.2 and 20.0 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Commodities not specified according to kind" (HS code 9999) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were China, Hong Kong SAR, Special Categories and Areas nes, accounting for respectively 50.7, 37.7 and 25.3 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 51.0 bln US$ (see graph 3).

Trade Balance

14

15 20

13

20

12

20

10

11

20

20

08

07

09

20

20

20

05

06

20

20

20

04

(na)

03

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

(na)

Imports

(na)

20

(na)

Exports

60 50 40 30 20 10 0 −10 −20 −30 −40 −50 −60 02

Trade Balance

20

12 10 8 6 4 2 0 −2 −4 −6 −8 −10 −12

Imports

20

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 96.0 %)

Remaining ( 4.0 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 9101 Wrist-watches, pocket-watches and other watches, precious metal.......................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 7113 Articles of jewellery and parts thereof, of precious metal........................................... 8538 Parts suitable for use with the apparatus of heading 85.35, 85.36 or 85.37............... 4202 Trunks, suit-cases, vanity-cases, executive-cases, brief-cases.................................... 2402 Cigars, cheroots, cigarillos and cigarettes.................................................................... 8502 Electric generating sets and rotary converters............................................................. 8536 Electrical apparatus for switching or protecting electrical circuits.............................. 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport...............

132

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

1 240.0 447.0 96.6 116.9 66.4 47.9 33.5 62.0 43.1 6.6 5.2

1 339.0 582.3 142.5 66.5 86.7 62.6 45.9 2.5 1.5 36.5 24.9

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

27.1

235.6 216.8 380.6 492.0 42.3 56.6 85.0 95.4 54.7 21.4

SITC code

931 thsd US$/unit 885 764 thsd US$/kg 897 US$/kg 772 831 US$/kg 122 716 US$/kg 772 thsd US$/unit 781

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

China, Macao SAR Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

8.0 -73.9 -70.4 -59.4 172.9 8.9 -9.1 15.7 30.3

100.0 2.0 0.5 0.0 2.9 2.0 20.0 29.2 43.5

10 602.6 1 681.8 74.1 735.8 814.5 822.4 2 470.8 3 662.0 341.3

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Other business ( 68.8 %)

Travel ( 17.5 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.377)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

0

−1

−2

−3

−4

−5

−6

−7

−8

−9

0

1

100.0 15.9 0.7 6.9 7.7 7.8 23.3 34.5 3.2

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.668)

Top partner

−1

-7.0 1.9 6.5 -6.5 3.9 12.7 -5.6 -11.7 -44.0

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −1

7.5 8.3 13.7 3.3 16.8 20.8 10.1 6.0 -13.3

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

40

11.4 6.2 -4.7 ... 59.9 10.8 34.6 33.8 -1.3

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

1 339.0 26.4 6.1 0.0 38.5 26.8 268.4 390.6 582.3

2015 share

0%

2015

1

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 34.5, 23.3 and 15.9 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Articles of jewellery and parts thereof, of precious metal" (HS code 7113) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were China, Hong Kong SAR, China and Switzerland, accounting for respectively 44.0, 24.2 and 4.7 percent of total imports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 7.2 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 1.8 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Remaining ( 13.6 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 7113 Articles of jewellery and parts thereof, of precious metal........................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 9101 Wrist-watches, pocket-watches and other watches, precious metal.......................... 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 4202 Trunks, suit-cases, vanity-cases, executive-cases, brief-cases.................................... 2716 Electrical energy............................................................................................................ 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 3304 Beauty or make-up preparations................................................................................... 1901 Malt extract; food preparations of flour........................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude...................................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Source: UN Comtrade

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

11 395.9 1 361.4 998.0 817.9 587.9 475.9 432.1 434.3 380.8 278.2 298.3

10 602.6 1 023.8 1 083.4 607.9 317.7 415.6 429.3 323.1 370.0 345.3 272.7

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

SITC code

66.5 44.3 thsd US$/kg

897 764 thsd US$/unit 885 12.6 931 831 105.4 54.8 US$/MWh 351 41.5 21.5 thsd US$/unit 781 US$/kg 553 66.4 58.4 US$/kg 048 21.0 22.8 US$/kg 334 1.0 0.6

133

Colombia Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Colombia decreased substantially by 34.9 percent to reach 35.7 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 15.6 percent to reach 54.0 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a moderate deficit of 18.3 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Eastern Asia at -9.2 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Colombia were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 18 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 13 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Colombia increased slightly by 0.3 percent, reaching 6.8 bln US$, while its imports of services increased slightly by 4.9 percent and reached 12.9 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services deficit of 6.1 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

80

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

15

60

Imports

Trade Balance

10

40 5

20

(na)

0

0 (na)

−20

−5

−40 −10

−60

Exports Profile: "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 52.8, 14.4 and 9.6 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude" (HS code 2709) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were the United States, China and Panama, accounting for respectively 28.9, 8.8 and 6.2 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 3.8 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 1.7 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 744.3 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

13

20

11

12

20

20

09

08

07

10

20

20

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

03

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

03

−15 02

−80

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Travel ( 56.2 %)

Transportation ( 25.6 %)

Remaining ( 7.2 %)

Other business ( 10.9 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 2701 Coal; briquettes, ovoids and similar solid fuels manufactured from coal.................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 0901 Coffee, whether or not roasted or decaffeinated......................................................... 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 0603 Cut flowers and flower buds of a kind suitable for bouquets....................................... 0803 Bananas, including plantains, fresh or dried................................................................. 7202 Ferro-alloys.................................................................................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 3808 Insecticides, rodenticides, fungicides, herbicides........................................................

134

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

58 821.9 27 644.2 6 253.8 4 364.6 1 922.5 2 226.5 1 334.6 763.9 681.8 447.7 442.0

54 794.8 25 760.8 6 426.7 2 855.1 2 516.7 1 581.8 1 374.2 835.5 642.1 480.2 392.6

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

35 690.8 US$/kg 12 834.4 0.7 0.6 0.3 US$/kg 4 257.4 0.1 0.1 0.1 US$/kg 1 281.1 0.7 0.6 0.3 US$/kg 2 576.5 3.5 4.0 3.6 1 089.9 38.9 33.0 29.8 thsd US$/kg US$/kg 1 295.4 6.3 6.2 5.8 US$/kg 802.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 US$/kg 430.3 4.9 4.8 3.3 US$/kg 453.1 10.2 9.0 9.8 US$/kg 456.2 8.0 6.8 7.9

SITC code 333 321 334 071 971 292 057 671 542 591

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Colombia Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-11.0 -1.3 -0.1 -15.2 0.8 -9.1 -4.6 -5.7 -20.8

-34.9 -6.2 -4.9 -47.6 -7.1 -20.1 -6.9 -7.7 -31.0

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

100.0 14.4 6.0 52.8 9.6 6.6 4.0 3.5 3.1

54 035.5 4 823.2 1 349.4 5 132.6 10 043.3 7 581.9 19 890.6 4 597.4 617.1

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.132)

(% share in 2014) Transportation ( 23.5 %)

Travel ( 36.3 %) Other business ( 20.9 %)

Remaining ( 11.9 %)

Insurance ( 7.4 %)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

10

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.101)

5 th

15

10

5

0

−5

−1

0

Top partner

%

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania 5

100.0 8.9 2.5 9.5 18.6 14.0 36.8 8.5 1.1

40

Exports

−1

-15.6 -6.6 -9.9 -32.1 -6.9 -16.1 -16.1 -18.0 -6.9

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015)

Imports

0

-0.3 3.0 -4.5 7.4 2.2 -3.0 -2.8 1.1 5.2

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015)

−2

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

60

35 690.8 5 139.7 2 140.9 18 839.9 3 423.0 2 367.7 1 423.5 1 255.0 1 101.1

2015 share

80

2015

0%

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 36.8, 18.6 and 14.0 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the United States, China and Mexico, accounting for respectively 28.3, 18.1 and 8.2 percent of total imports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 4.7 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 3.0 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 2.7 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 8802 Other aircraft (for example, helicopters, aeroplanes); spacecraft................................ 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 1005 Maize (corn)................................................................................................................... 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 8528 Reception apparatus for television............................................................................... 3002 Human blood; animal blood prepared for therapeutic uses..........................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

59 381.2 6 332.7 2 802.0 2 318.7 2 033.9 1 800.1 1 315.3 1 022.4 964.9 809.0 820.0

Source: UN Comtrade

64 027.6 7 492.4 3 119.4 2 613.4 1 963.0 1 958.7 1 445.9 938.5 1 218.2 917.3 744.1

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

SITC code

54 035.5 US$/kg 334 5 088.6 1.0 0.9 0.6 2 525.6 11.5 11.4 10.1 thsd US$/unit 781 764 2 334.5 2 329.2 7.8 7.6 1.2 mln US$/unit 792 752 1 347.5 163.0 145.4 123.3 US$/unit US$/kg 542 1 422.9 39.8 41.8 33.8 US$/kg 044 955.8 0.3 0.2 0.2 474.3 24.1 22.9 16.1 thsd US$/unit 782 761 566.0 203.4 233.2 143.4 US$/unit US$/kg 541 713.4 97.3 76.6 78.5

135

Comoros Goods Imports: CIF, by consignment

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2013, the value of merchandise exports of Comoros decreased substantially by 18.7 percent to reach 10.1 mln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased moderately by 8.4 percent to reach 115.2 mln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 105.1 mln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Western Asia at -26.3 mln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Comoros were moderately concentrated amongst partners; imports were diversified. The top 8 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 7 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2012, the value of exports of services of Comoros decreased moderately by 8.2 percent, reaching 67.8 mln US$, while its imports of services decreased slightly by 1.6 percent and reached 105.0 mln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services deficit of 37.2 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Mln US$ by year)

(Mln US$ by year)

Exports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) and "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2013, representing respectively 78.3, 12.4 and 6.9 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2011 to 2013, the largest export commodity was "Cloves (whole fruit, cloves and stems)" (HS code 0907) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Singapore, France and the Netherlands, accounting for respectively 27.3, 18.7 and 9.3 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2011 at 41.7 mln US$, followed by "Communications services" (EBOPS code 245) at 18.3 mln US$ and "Government services, n.i.e." (EBOPS code 291) at 10.3 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

13

20

11

10

09

08

07

12

20

20

20

20

20

20

06

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−200

20

−150

05

−100

Trade Balance

(na) (na) (na)

20

(na) (na)

−50

Imports

(na) (na) (na)

04

(na) (na)

0

20

50

03

100

20

150

Exports

120 100 80 60 40 20 0 −20 −40 −60 −80 −100 −120 02

Trade Balance

20

200

Imports

20

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2011)

Travel ( 56.4 %)

Communication ( 24.7 %)

Remaining ( 4.8 %)

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 14.0 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2011 to 2013 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2002 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 0907 Cloves (whole fruit, cloves and stems).......................................................................... 0905 Vanilla............................................................................................................................ 3301 Essential oils (terpeneless or not), including concretes................................................ 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 9617 Vacuum flasks and other vacuum vessels, complete with cases................................. 8803 Parts of goods of heading 88.01 or 88.02..................................................................... 8437 Machines for cleaning, sorting or grading seed, grain................................................. 7407 Copper bars, rods and profiles...................................................................................... 9108 Watch movements, complete and assembled.............................................................. 3206 Other colouring matter..................................................................................................

136

Source: UN Comtrade

2011

Value (million US$) 2012 2013

22.4 16.7 0.9 1.5 2.1 0.2 0.2 ... 0.2 0.2 ...

12.5 8.9 1.4 1.3 0.1 0.1 ... ... ... ... 0.1

Unit value 2011 2012 2013 Unit

SITC code

10.1 US$/kg 4.6 6.1 6.6 US$/kg 3.3 24.1 18.4 39.5 US$/kg 1.2 60.3 55.0 52.1 6.3 11.6 thsd US$/unit 0.2 US$/kg 0.1 0.7 0.7 0.8 US$/kg ... 31.3 0.2 199.5 thsd US$/unit US$/kg ... 9.0 ... ...

075 075 551 781 899 792 72 682 885 533

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Comoros Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2009-2013 2012-2013

-18.7 -23.3 -95.7 -99.9 -10.2 -61.3 130.6 -24.8

100.0 78.3 0.0 0.0 12.4 0.5 6.9 2.0

115.2 34.6 3.0 1.6 3.9 22.6 43.1 6.6

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2011) Transportation ( 63.0 %)

Travel ( 19.0 %)

Remaining ( 6.1 %)

Insurance ( 11.9 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.163)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

5

0

−5

0 −1

5 −1

0 −2

5

100.0 30.0 2.6 1.3 3.4 19.6 37.4 5.7

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.129)

Top partner

−2

0

-8.4 -37.3 -28.5 138.2 -31.7 -12.9 64.6 -18.6

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2013) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −3

-5.5 -9.0 -5.6 27.5 -8.4 -12.0 5.3 -12.9

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2013 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Mln US$ by MDG Regions in 2013) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2009-2013 2012-2013

2013

40

-1.0 0.2 -47.9 -78.9 -10.3 -23.8 20.1 -3.1

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8

60

10.1 7.9 0.0 0.0 1.3 0.1 0.7 0.2

2013 share

0%

2013

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2013, representing respectively 37.4, 30.0 and 19.6 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2011 to 2013, the largest import commodity was "Rice" (HS code 1006) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the United Arab Emirates, France and Pakistan, accounting for respectively 27.2, 21.6 and 12.8 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2011 at 67.2 mln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 20.2 mln US$ and "Insurance services" (EBOPS code 253) at 12.7 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2011 to 2013 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2002 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 1006 Rice................................................................................................................................ 2523 Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement....................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 8705 Special purpose motor vehicles.................................................................................... 0207 Meat and edible offal, of the poultry of heading 01.05................................................ 7214 Other bars and rods of iron or non-alloy steel.............................................................. 1701 Cane or beet sugar and pure sucrose, in solid form..................................................... 8531 Electric sound or visual signalling apparatus................................................................ 1101 Wheat or meslin flour.................................................................................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2011

Value (million US$) 2012 2013

184.1 29.4 16.4 14.3 24.9 10.9 5.1 6.0 0.0 5.3 0.7

Source: UN Comtrade

125.8 22.8 11.2 7.3 1.0 6.2 4.6 4.8 0.0 4.5 4.1

115.2 10.7 8.2 13.7 0.5 5.8 4.9 2.7 13.4 2.9 5.4

Unit value 2011 2012 2013 Unit

0.7 0.1 1.5 0.9 0.9 0.6

0.5 0.1

0.5 0.1

27.2 9.5 97.5 1.4 1.3 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.8 15.8 0.6 0.7

US$/kg US$/kg thsd US$/unit thsd US$/unit US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg thsd US$/unit US$/kg

SITC code 042 661 781 782 012 676 061 778 046 764

137

Congo Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of the Congo decreased substantially by 37.3 percent to reach 6.6 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 60.0 percent to reach 3.3 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large surplus of 3.2 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Eastern Asia at 1.8 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in the Congo were moderately concentrated amongst partners; imports were diversified. The top 9 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 15 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2012, the value of exports of services of the Congo increased slightly by 3.2 percent, reaching 488.5 mln US$, while its imports of services decreased moderately by 5.9 percent and reached 5.1 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services deficit of 4.6 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year)

Exports Profile: "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 61.9, 35.6 and 1.0 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Petroleum oils, crude" (HS code 2709) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were China, Australia and France, accounting for respectively 33.2, 7.5 and 7.0 percent of total exports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2007 at 141.0 mln US$, followed by "Insurance services" (EBOPS code 253) at 95.1 mln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 54.5 mln US$ (see graph 3).

14

15 20

12

13

20

20

10

09

08

11

20

20

20

20

07

02 20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−15

20

−10

06

−5

(na) (na) (na)

20

(na)

Trade Balance

(na) (na) (na)

05

(na) (na) (na)

Imports

20

(na)

0

04

5

03

10

(na) (na) (na)

Exports

6 5 4 3 2 1 0 −1 −2 −3 −4 −5 −6

20

Trade Balance

20

15

Imports

20

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2007)

Insurance ( 29.8 %)

Other business ( 44.2 %)

Remaining ( 3.8 %) Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 5.2 %)

Travel ( 17.0 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2002 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2709 Petroleum oils, crude..................................................................................................... 8905 Light-vessels, fire-floats, dredgers, floating cranes and other vessels........................ 8901 Cruise ships, excursion boats, ferry-boats, cargo ships, barges................................... 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 8904 Tugs and pusher craft.................................................................................................... 4403 Wood in the rough, whether or not stripped of bark or sapwood................................ 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 8906 Other vessels, including warships and lifeboats other than rowing boats.................. 8431 Parts suitable for use principally with the machinery of headings 84.25..................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude...................................................................................

138

Source: UN Comtrade

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

7 437.9 5 779.5 607.5 621.8 73.0 36.7 57.6 1.8 9.7 21.6 15.8

10 453.1 7 666.9 1 042.7 1 047.2 211.5 119.0 64.5 2.0 51.6 29.8 35.6

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

6 550.0 4 010.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 1 089.8 1 017.9 41.3 0.7 0.6 0.6 14.8 40.3 97.3 12.8 19.6 16.3 18.6 16.2 0.3 0.8 1.1

US$/kg

US$/kg

US$/kg US$/kg

SITC code 333 793 793 343 793 247 782 793 723 334

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Congo Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

-37.3 37.8 -38.1 -48.8 4.0 14.4 -1.3 32.9 ...

100.0 0.2 1.0 61.9 0.1 0.6 35.6 0.5 0.2

3 347.7 570.6 68.1 96.1 281.7 802.3 1 264.0 250.8 14.1

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category Other business ( 74.9 %)

Remaining ( 4.9 %) Insurance ( 5.2 %)

Transportation ( 15.0 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.155)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

0%

2

1.5

1

0.5

0

.5 −0

−1

.5

100.0 17.0 2.0 2.9 8.4 24.0 37.8 7.5 0.4

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.086)

Top partner

−1

−2

-60.0 7.9 -12.6 -26.7 9.1 32.6 -80.6 3.5 >

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania

(% share in 2007)

-6.4 18.8 13.4 -21.1 23.1 27.7 -21.0 20.5 513.4

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

40

-1.4 -15.8 -13.0 -3.6 -6.6 -15.7 4.8 -18.5 448.3

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

6 550.0 16.3 63.6 4 052.4 4.8 37.3 2 330.4 34.4 10.9

2014 share

10

2014

2.5

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 37.8, 24.0 and 17.0 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Cruise ships, excursion boats, ferry-boats, cargo ships, barges" (HS code 8901) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Angola, Gabon and France, accounting for respectively 16.8, 10.2 and 10.2 percent of total imports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2007 at 2.6 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 529.1 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2002 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 8901 Cruise ships, excursion boats, ferry-boats, cargo ships, barges................................... 8905 Light-vessels, fire-floats, dredgers, floating cranes and other vessels........................ 8906 Other vessels, including warships and lifeboats other than rowing boats.................. 8904 Tugs and pusher craft.................................................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 2523 Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement....................................................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 7304 Tubes, pipes and hollow profiles, seamless, of iron (other than cast iron).................. 8431 Parts suitable for use principally with the machinery of headings 84.25..................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06)..............................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

7 348.6 2 790.4 1 631.2 9.6 54.8 98.1 98.2 70.2 65.4 101.8 70.6

Source: UN Comtrade

8 371.6 2 407.2 2 189.2 441.2 376.0 115.2 115.7 105.7 75.7 68.6 71.7

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

3 347.7 22.8 37.3 0.0 1.4 142.6 19.7 18.8 19.5 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 128.7 0.1 0.1 0.1 US$/kg 81.7 1.3 0.2 1.3 US$/kg 114.3 3.4 3.4 3.7 US$/kg 68.7 26.6 22.6 14.3 US$/kg 87.1 21.1 22.6 13.2

SITC code 793 793 793 793 781 661 334 679 723 542

139

Cook Islands Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2011, the value of merchandise exports of the Cook Islands decreased substantially by 39.5 percent to reach 3.1 mln US$, while its merchandise imports increased substantially by 20.6 percent to reach 109.3 mln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 106.2 mln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed AsiaPacific at -88.8 mln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in the Cook Islands were highly concentrated amongst partners; imports were also highly concentrated. The top 4 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 2 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). No trade in services data is available.

Graph 2: No Data Available

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value (Mln US$ by year) Exports

Imports

Trade Balance

(na) (na)

14

15 20

12

13

20

20

10

09

11 20

20

08

07

(na) (na) (na) (na)

20

20

06

05

04

03

(na)

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

(na)

(na) (na) (na) (na)

20

120 100 80 60 40 20 0 −20 −40 −60 −80 −100 −120

Exports Profile: "Not classified elsewhere in the SITC" (SITC section 9), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2011, representing respectively 72.0, 19.7 and 5.3 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2009 to 2011, the largest export commodity was "Commodities not specified according to kind" (HS code 9999) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Japan, China and Indonesia, accounting for respectively 51.4, 16.2 and 8.1 percent of total exports. Services data by detailed EBOPS category is not available for exports.

Graph 3: No Data Available

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2009 to 2011 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 1992 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 2009 Fruit and vegetable juices, not fermented or spirited................................................... 7101 Pearls, natural or cultured, not mounted or set............................................................ 0301 Live fish.......................................................................................................................... 0508 Coral, shell, cuttle bone, etc, unworked, and waste..................................................... 7112 Waste or scrap of precious metal................................................................................. 0807 Melons, watermelons and papaws (papayas), fresh.................................................... 8903 Yachts, pleasure, sports vessels, rowing boats, canoes.............................................. 7116 Articles of pearls, precious or semi-precious stones.................................................... 0714 Manioc, arrowroot, salep etc, fresh, dried, sago pith...................................................

140

Source: UN Comtrade

2009

Value (million US$) 2010 2011

2.7 1.5 0.6 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.0 0.0

5.2 3.5 0.7 0.7 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Unit value 2009 2010 2011 Unit

3.1 2.2 0.5 3.9 4.7 0.1 0.1 20.0 70.9 0.2 0.0 ... 1.7 1.9 ... 693.0 0.0 ... 4.6 4.9

US$/kg US$/kg

US$/kg US$/unit US$/kg

SITC code 931 059 667 034 291 971 057 793 897 054

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Cook Islands Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2007-2011 2010-2011

-39.5 -29.7 354.5 -88.9 854.1 -36.1

100.0 19.7 5.3 2.5 0.4 72.0

109.3 23.1 0.9 16.0 2.0 6.0 7.9 4.1 49.2

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: No Data Available

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.376)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

0

0

0 −1

0

−2

0

−3

0

−4

0

−5

0

−6

0

−7

0

−8

100.0 21.2 0.9 14.7 1.8 5.5 7.3 3.7 45.0

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.608)

Top partner

−9

00

20.6 10.1 -27.1 17.9 20.2 26.6 14.7 28.3 28.7

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2011) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America CIS Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −1

1.4 10.6 -13.1 -4.6 4.1 -2.3 -7.9 -7.2 4.1

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2011 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Mln US$ by MDG Regions in 2011) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2007-2011 2010-2011

2011

40

... ... ... ... ... ...

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

3.1 0.6 0.2 0.1 0.0 2.2

2011 share

0%

2011

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 6 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Not classified elsewhere in the SITC" (SITC section 9), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2011, representing respectively 45.0, 21.2 and 14.7 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2009 to 2011, the largest import commodity was "Commodities not specified according to kind" (HS code 9999) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were New Zealand, Fiji and Australia, accounting for respectively 76.2, 9.5 and 6.1 percent of total imports. Services data by detailed EBOPS category is not available for imports.

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2009 to 2011 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 1992 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 2710 Oils petroleum, bituminous, distillates, except crude................................................... 1602 Prepared or preserved meat, meat offal and blood, nes............................................... 0202 Meat of bovine animals, frozen..................................................................................... 2203 Beer made from malt..................................................................................................... 2202 Waters, non-alcoholic sweetened or flavoured beverages.......................................... 8703 Motor vehicles for transport of persons (except buses)............................................... 4818 Household, sanitary, hospital paper articles, clothing.................................................. 8525 Radio and TV transmitters, television cameras............................................................ 1905 Baked bread, pastry, wafers, rice paper, biscuits, etc..................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2009

Value (million US$) 2010 2011

81.6 34.6 11.9 1.6 1.1 1.0 0.7 1.3 0.9 0.9 0.9

Source: UN Comtrade

90.6 38.2 12.5 1.5 1.6 1.2 1.8 1.4 1.1 1.0 1.1

Unit value 2009 2010 2011 Unit

109.3 49.1 US$/kg 14.6 1.3 1.0 1.1 US$/kg 1.4 19.1 10.3 17.7 US$/kg 1.7 4.8 3.0 8.3 2.1 1.2 1.2 1.1 US$/litre 1.8 2.3 0.6 1.3 US$/litre 1.6 7.9 6.9 12.2 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 1.1 3.1 2.8 2.6 1.1 US$/kg 1.1 3.7 3.4 3.3

SITC code 931 334 017 011 112 111 781 642 764 048

141

Costa Rica Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Costa Rica reached 9.6 bln US$, while its merchandise imports reached 15.5 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a moderate deficit of 5.9 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Eastern Asia at -2.4 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Costa Rica were moderately concentrated amongst partners; imports were also moderately concentrated. The top 11 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 13 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Costa Rica increased slightly by 4.7 percent, reaching 6.4 bln US$, while its imports of services increased slightly by 1.6 percent and reached 2.1 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services surplus of 4.4 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

20

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

8

15

6

10

4

5

Imports

Trade Balance

2 (na)

(na)

0

0

Exports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 41.0, 26.4 and 10.0 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Instruments and appliances used in medical, surgical, dental or veterinary" (HS code 9018) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were the United States, the Netherlands and Panama, accounting for respectively 39.4, 6.0 and 5.4 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 3.1 bln US$, followed by "Computer and information services" (EBOPS code 262) at 1.7 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 1.2 bln US$ (see graph 3).

14

15 20

12

13

20

20

10

09

08

07

11

20

20

20

20

20

05

06

20

20

20

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

07

−8 06

−20 05

−6

04

−15

03

−4

02

−10

04

(na)

−2

03

(na)

−5

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Computer & information ( 26.8 %)

Travel ( 47.6 %)

Remaining ( 6.8 %)

Other business ( 18.8 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 9018 Instruments and appliances used in medical, surgical, dental or veterinary............... 8542 Electronic integrated circuits......................................................................................... 0804 Dates, figs, pineapples, avocados and mangosteens, fresh or dried........................... 0803 Bananas, including plantains, fresh or dried................................................................. 2106 Food preparations not elsewhere specified or included............................................... 9021 Orthopaedic appliances, including crutches, surgical belts and trusses...................... 0901 Coffee, whether or not roasted or decaffeinated......................................................... 8544 Insulated (including enamelled or anodised) wire, cable............................................. 2009 Fruit juices (including grape must) and vegetable juices.............................................. 4011 New pneumatic tyres, of rubber....................................................................................

142

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

11 472.1 1 121.5 2 396.2 837.2 780.2 352.2 298.9 308.1 274.1 172.0 173.3

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

9 578.3 1 694.9 32.1 827.4 0.4 835.3 0.4 402.0 11.2 423.0 309.7 3.7 188.5 13.4 189.7 0.9 151.1

0.4 0.4

12.5

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

4.5 9.8 0.9

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

SITC code 872 776 057 057 098 899 071 773 059 625

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Costa Rica Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-1.6 4.3 -7.9 -42.4 -1.8 -0.6 -23.7 11.2 -17.4

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

100.0 41.0 4.7 0.0 7.9 10.0 9.7 26.4 0.2

15 504.4 1 689.7 406.6 1 312.3 2 681.6 2 630.7 4 749.0 2 018.3 16.2

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 22.4 %) Transportation ( 42.0 %) Other business ( 13.1 %)

Remaining ( 7.2 %)

Insurance ( 8.6 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.185)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

40

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

4

3

2

1

0

−1

−2

−3

−4

−5

100.0 10.9 2.6 8.5 17.3 17.0 30.6 13.0 0.1

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.185)

Top partner

−6

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −7

-4.0 4.7 -2.8 -12.8 2.7 -2.5 -8.4 -0.2 10.3

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

60

9 578.3 3 922.5 446.8 3.7 757.4 961.6 932.9 2 533.3 20.1

2015 share

0%

2015

5

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 30.6, 17.3 and 17.0 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the United States, China and Mexico, accounting for respectively 45.3, 11.0 and 6.9 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 864.2 mln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 460.9 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 268.7 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Royalties & lic. fees ( 6.7 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8542 Electronic integrated circuits......................................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 9018 Instruments and appliances used in medical, surgical, dental or veterinary............... 8534 Printed circuits............................................................................................................... 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 8609 Containers (including containers for the transport of fluids)........................................ 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods....................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

18 124.5 2 154.6 1 698.0 556.6 513.0 442.9 261.8 517.3 263.7 219.8 165.0

Source: UN Comtrade

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

15 504.4 1 236.6 1.0 149.4 712.4 18.7 642.3 512.5 48.1 264.6 5.2 438.2 251.2 196.8 213.7

0.6

SITC code

US$/kg

334 776 18.6 thsd US$/unit 781 764 US$/kg 542 51.1 872 US$/kg 772 107.8 752 786 782

143

Côte d’Ivoire Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of Côte d’Ivoire increased moderately by 7.5 percent to reach 13.0 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 10.5 percent to reach 11.2 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small surplus of 1.8 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at 1.9 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Côte d’Ivoire were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 20 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 18 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2013, the value of exports of services of Côte d’Ivoire increased slightly by 4.8 percent, reaching 1.0 bln US$, while its imports of services increased substantially by 10.8 percent and reached 3.3 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services deficit of 2.2 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

15

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

4

Imports

Trade Balance

3

10

2 5

1 (na)

(na) (na)

0

0 (na)

(na) (na)

−1

−5

−2 −10

−3

Exports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 47.2, 20.3 and 10.7 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Cocoa beans, whole or broken, raw or roasted" (HS code 1801) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were the Netherlands, Ghana and the United States, accounting for respectively 8.9, 7.6 and 7.5 percent of total exports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2013 at 285.5 mln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 194.3 mln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 182.8 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

12

11

10

13

20

20

20

20

08

07

09

20

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

03

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

03

−4 02

−15

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013)

Transportation ( 19.3 %) Travel ( 18.1 %)

Other business ( 28.3 %)

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 14.8 %)

Remaining ( 4.5 %) Financial ( 5.8 %)

Communication ( 9.2 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 1801 Cocoa beans, whole or broken, raw or roasted............................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 8905 Light-vessels, fire-floats, dredgers, floating cranes and other vessels........................ 4001 Natural rubber, balata, gutta-percha, guayule, chicle.................................................. 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 1803 Cocoa paste, whether or not defatted.......................................................................... 0801 Coconuts, Brazil nuts and cashew nuts, fresh or dried................................................. 1804 Cocoa butter, fat and oil................................................................................................ 5201 Cotton, not carded or combed.......................................................................................

144

Source: UN Comtrade

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

10 861.0 2 325.0 1 766.0 1 255.6 5.5 808.6 641.1 437.3 351.6 210.4 223.0

12 083.8 2 044.5 1 781.8 959.5 1 730.8 759.6 575.8 544.1 346.0 265.6 271.9

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

12 985.1 US$/kg 3 045.1 2.3 2.5 2.7 US$/kg 1 738.8 1.0 1.0 0.9 US$/kg 652.1 0.8 0.8 0.7 568.4 US$/kg 602.7 3.0 2.9 1.7 702.9 48.9 40.3 36.7 thsd US$/kg US$/kg 764.5 3.1 4.1 3.6 US$/kg 826.5 1.4 US$/kg 461.8 3.0 4.8 5.1 US$/kg 322.7 1.9 1.8 1.8

SITC code 072 334 333 793 231 971 072 057 072 263

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Côte d’Ivoire Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

7.5 46.1 -3.7 -8.5 27.6 18.0 -56.4 52.1 21.8

100.0 47.2 10.7 20.3 3.2 2.7 6.9 3.5 5.5

11 177.7 1 803.5 203.5 2 894.3 1 519.6 1 494.4 2 811.9 410.4 40.1

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013) Transportation ( 56.1 %) Travel ( 12.8 %)

Other business ( 11.6 %) Remaining ( 12.9 %)

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 6.7 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.044)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

4

3

2

1

0

−1

−2

100.0 16.1 1.8 25.9 13.6 13.4 25.2 3.7 0.4

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.083)

Top partner

−3

-10.5 2.9 1.9 -10.0 22.8 37.2 -39.0 16.5 40.0

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −4

9.2 6.0 -0.5 11.7 13.2 15.6 5.0 11.3 44.9

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

40

6.0 6.2 3.8 2.0 7.1 5.5 0.6 26.3 40.0

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

12 985.1 6 126.3 1 386.5 2 635.2 421.7 356.3 897.4 448.3 713.4

2014 share

0%

2014

5

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 25.9, 25.2 and 16.1 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude" (HS code 2709) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Nigeria, France and China, accounting for respectively 23.4, 11.6 and 9.3 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2013 at 1.8 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 415.6 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 376.2 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 8905 Light-vessels, fire-floats, dredgers, floating cranes and other vessels........................ 1006 Rice................................................................................................................................ 0303 Fish, frozen, excluding fish fillets and other fish meat of heading 03.04..................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 1001 Wheat and meslin......................................................................................................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 3901 Polymers of ethylene, in primary forms......................................................................... 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods....................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

9 769.7 2 752.8 398.2 684.5 329.5 255.5 234.9 218.3 149.3 112.3 127.9

Source: UN Comtrade

12 483.0 2 928.1 2 685.7 472.5 358.1 247.5 258.0 210.9 151.9 119.8 113.9

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

11 177.7 US$/kg 2 612.5 0.8 0.8 0.8 613.1 US$/kg 437.3 0.5 0.6 0.5 US$/kg 386.8 1.2 1.3 1.2 US$/kg 337.9 25.1 26.2 28.7 250.9 19.9 22.1 20.2 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 189.1 0.4 0.4 0.4 US$/kg 129.0 1.1 1.1 1.3 US$/kg 165.9 1.5 1.6 1.6 146.7

SITC code 333 793 042 034 542 781 041 334 571 782

145

Croatia Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Croatia decreased moderately by 7.2 percent to reach 12.8 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 10.2 percent to reach 20.6 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a moderate deficit of 7.7 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at -7.4 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Croatia were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 18 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 15 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Croatia increased slightly by 4.3 percent, reaching 13.2 bln US$, while its imports of services increased slightly by 1.1 percent and reached 3.8 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services surplus of 9.4 bln US$. See footnote*.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 −5 −10 −15 −20 −25 −30 −35

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

15

Imports

Trade Balance

10 5 (na)

0 (na)

−5 −10

Exports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 24.1, 16.1 and 15.7 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Italy, Germany and Slovenia, accounting for respectively 13.9, 11.4 and 11.3 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 9.8 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 1.3 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 1.2 bln US$ (see graph 3).

14

15 20

13

20

12

20

10

11

20

20

08

07

09

20

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

03

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

13

20

20

20

20

20

07

06

05

04

03

08

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−15

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 74.6 %)

Remaining ( 6.4 %)

Transportation ( 9.9 %) Other business ( 9.1 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 4407 Wood sawn or chipped lengthwise, sliced or peeled................................................... 2716 Electrical energy............................................................................................................ 8504 Electrical transformers, static converters..................................................................... 9401 Seats (other than those of heading 94.02).................................................................... 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 3102 Mineral or chemical fertilisers, nitrogenous................................................................. 6115 Panty hose, tights, stockings, socks and other hosiery................................................. 6403 Footwear with outer soles of rubber, plastics, leather.................................................

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

12 741.6 1 207.5 492.0 312.7 237.4 315.5 246.6 294.2 214.6 137.7 151.6

13 843.9 1 140.4 489.0 417.7 454.0 352.9 295.6 235.1 223.0 223.4 171.7

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

12 846.8 819.7 0.9 0.9 0.5 433.7 138.1 148.7 100.4 388.2 456.8 251.7 418.0 50.0 54.0 45.7 269.5 273.4 135.4 0.7 0.6 0.3 183.9 0.3 0.3 0.3 203.5 29.0 33.9 31.1 159.0 34.2 41.3 35.4

US$/kg US$/kg US$/m3 US$/MWh

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/pair

SITC code 334 542 248 351 771 821 343 562 846 851

*As of 2003, trade in services data including "travel" category.

146

Source: UN Comtrade

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Croatia Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-1.0 2.3 -0.9 -3.5 -0.3 0.2 -6.0 5.3 21.8

-7.2 -3.0 -9.4 -25.1 2.5 -9.4 2.1 -8.3 -33.7

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

100.0 12.1 8.0 10.9 11.8 15.7 24.1 16.1 1.2

20 579.8 2 594.2 482.4 3 132.9 2 894.9 3 724.8 4 937.7 2 800.8 12.1

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category Transportation ( 24.1 %)

Travel ( 22.4 %) Other business ( 25.8 %)

Remaining ( 13.2 %)

Royalties & lic. fees ( 7.6 %) Computer & information ( 6.9 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.068)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

40

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

8

6

4

2

0

−2

−4

−6

−8

2 −1 0

6

4

−1

−1

100.0 12.6 2.3 15.2 14.1 18.1 24.0 13.6 0.1

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.075)

Top partner

(% share in 2014)

-10.2 -8.0 -8.5 -26.6 -4.2 -8.2 -4.4 -6.9 -69.6

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −1

-2.4 2.4 -0.4 -10.8 -1.9 -2.3 -0.6 1.6 133.3

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

60

12 846.8 1 556.0 1 032.2 1 401.5 1 513.1 2 019.6 3 102.1 2 071.4 151.0

2015 share

0%

2015

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 24.0, 18.1 and 15.2 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude" (HS code 2709) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Germany, Italy and Slovenia, accounting for respectively 14.9, 13.5 and 11.0 percent of total imports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 972.1 mln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 906.4 mln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 842.3 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 2716 Electrical energy............................................................................................................ 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 4107 Leather further prepared after tanning or crusting....................................................... 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 0203 Meat of swine, fresh, chilled or frozen.........................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

21 932.0 1 965.5 1 181.1 624.6 566.1 632.6 759.7 383.9 189.0 243.1 184.7

Source: UN Comtrade

22 906.9 1 418.8 1 509.1 689.5 695.1 626.5 438.6 402.6 290.8 246.7 211.8

20 579.8 932.4 972.0 747.1 692.0 570.2 316.3 404.4 349.6 222.5 176.6

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

0.8

1.0 67.3 12.4 71.0 0.7

US$/kg 0.8 0.4 US$/kg 0.9 0.5 53.8 45.3 US$/MWh 11.7 12.9 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 61.1 53.5 US$/kg 0.5 0.4

36.2 36.4 35.3 109.1 125.3 3.0 2.8 2.1

US$/kg US$/unit US$/kg

SITC code 333 334 351 781 542 343 764 611 752 012

147

Cyprus Goods Imports: CIF, by origin/consignment for intra-eu

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Cyprus increased slightly by 0.4 percent to reach 1.9 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 17.0 percent to reach 5.7 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 3.7 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at -3.2 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Cyprus were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 25 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 14 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Cyprus decreased moderately by 5.7 percent, reaching 10.0 bln US$, while its imports of services decreased slightly by 0.3 percent and reached 5.6 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services surplus of 4.4 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Imports

Trade Balance

(na)

15

14

20

13

20

12

20

10

11

20

20

09

20

07

08

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

03

20

20

02

(na)

20

15

14

Exports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 22.9, 19.4 and 18.8 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06)" (HS code 3004) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Bunkers, ship stores, Greece and the United Kingdom, accounting for respectively 14.9, 14.3 and 9.9 percent of total exports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 3.1 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 2.8 bln US$ and "Financial services" (EBOPS code 260) at 2.4 bln US$ (see graph 3).

Exports

12 10 8 6 4 2 0 −2 −4 −6 −8 −10 −12

20

12

11

10

13

20

20

20

20

09

08

07

06

Trade Balance

20

20

20

20

04

03

Imports

20

20

20

20

20

02

12 10 8 6 4 2 0 −2 −4 −6 −8 −10 −12

05

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 28.5 %)

Transportation ( 30.8 %)

Financial ( 23.8 %)

Remaining ( 16.9 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8802 Other aircraft (for example, helicopters, aeroplanes); spacecraft................................ 0406 Cheese and curd............................................................................................................ 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 2523 Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement....................................................... 0701 Potatoes, fresh or chilled............................................................................................... 2402 Cigars, cheroots, cigarillos and cigarettes.................................................................... 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)...................................................................

148

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

2 134.4 286.3 240.4 91.0 208.5 102.0 70.0 51.9 71.5 63.2 53.4

1 923.5 293.2 221.8 94.6 0.1 122.8 85.0 62.6 57.1 52.9 64.5

1 931.4 258.7 118.6 320.6 179.3 119.6 99.2 71.5 40.5 42.7 9.3

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

SITC code

51.9 55.1 43.5

542 931 334 792 024 764 661 054 122 971

0.9 29.8

8.8

US$/kg

0.8

US$/kg 0.5 14.9 mln US$/unit US$/kg 8.9 7.4

US$/kg 0.0 0.1 0.1 US$/kg 0.7 0.5 0.6 US$/kg 31.2 45.8 93.5 36.3 29.8 26.0 thsd US$/kg

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Cyprus Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

0.4 -14.4 -24.8 238.9 -11.0 -2.4 29.1 -18.9 -55.3

100.0 18.8 3.5 16.6 19.4 6.0 22.9 6.1 6.6

5 666.0 1 110.2 80.4 1 243.9 686.6 574.2 1 083.9 875.1 11.8

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 22.3 %)

Transportation ( 32.1 %)

Computer & information ( 16.5 %)

Other business ( 11.2 %) Remaining ( 9.5 %)

Financial ( 8.4 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.052)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

0%

0

0.5

.5 −0

−1

.5

−2

−1

.5

−3

−2

.5 −3

100.0 19.6 1.4 22.0 12.1 10.1 19.1 15.4 0.2

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.096)

Top partner

−4

.5

-17.0 -15.1 -15.6 -26.0 -13.3 -7.9 -19.4 -10.6 126.6

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −4

-10.4 -4.4 -11.2 -13.3 -6.3 -13.4 -13.0 -8.2 -40.0

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

40

-0.3 -2.3 -16.4 -2.0 -6.5 8.8 11.0 -8.5 35.0

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

1 931.4 362.9 67.1 320.6 375.4 116.8 443.1 117.4 128.2

2015 share

10

2015

1

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 22.0, 19.6 and 19.1 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Greece, Israel and the United Kingdom, accounting for respectively 24.0, 9.6 and 7.5 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 1.8 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 1.3 bln US$ and "Computer and information services" (EBOPS code 262) at 927.3 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 8903 Yachts and other vessels for pleasure or sports; rowing boats and canoes................ 2402 Cigars, cheroots, cigarillos and cigarettes.................................................................... 2208 Alcohol of a strength by volume of less than 80 % vol................................................ 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 6204 Women's or girls'suits, ensembles, jackets, blazers, dresses, skirts........................... 2309 Preparations of a kind used in animal feeding..............................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

6 418.2 1 767.8 167.6 212.8 132.1 9.6 98.5 67.3 59.3 56.4 52.1

Source: UN Comtrade

6 828.6 1 606.9 246.5 206.0 120.5 252.1 94.6 66.2 60.6 65.6 57.3

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

SITC code

5 666.0 US$/kg 334 1 195.3 0.9 0.8 0.4 296.5 16.0 16.5 13.8 thsd US$/unit 781 US$/kg 542 174.4 59.3 48.7 43.1 764 107.0 59.9 57.6 200.8 194.3 thsd US$/unit 793 US$/kg 122 84.2 39.9 36.5 47.7 112 62.4 21.3 21.0 19.3 US$/litre 752 60.8 163.3 152.4 160.6 US$/unit 842 51.0 16.1 16.7 14.1 US$/unit US$/kg 081 49.4 1.6 1.6 1.3

149

Czech Republic Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of the Czech Republic decreased substantially by 10.7 percent to reach 155.7 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 10.3 percent to reach 137.5 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small surplus of 18.2 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at 39.8 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in the Czech Republic were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 13 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 15 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of the Czech Republic increased slightly by 2.8 percent, reaching 22.7 bln US$, while its imports of services increased moderately by 8.7 percent and reached 21.1 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a relatively small trade in services surplus of 1.6 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

200

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

25

Imports

Trade Balance

20

150

15

100

10

50

5

0

0

−50

−5

(na) (na)

−10

−100

Exports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 55.7, 15.9 and 12.1 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport" (HS code 8703) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Germany, Slovakia and Poland, accounting for respectively 31.9, 8.7 and 5.9 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 6.8 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 5.6 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 5.5 bln US$ (see graph 3).

15

13

14

20

20

11

10

09

12

20

20

20

20

07

08

20

20

05

04

02

06

20

20

20

20

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

04

−25 03

−200 02

−20

03

−15

−150

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Transportation ( 24.6 %)

Other business ( 24.2 %)

Travel ( 30.1 %)

Remaining ( 10.6 %)

Computer & information ( 10.5 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) Unit value 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2013 2014 2015 2013 2014 2015 Unit All Commodities............................................................................................................ 161 524.2 174 279.5 155 677.7 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 15 345.2 17 811.6 16 919.2 15.0 15.7 14.0 thsd US$/unit 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 11 564.3 13 176.1 12 495.8 8.1 8.5 7.3 US$/kg 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 9 212.7 9 810.2 7 847.3 211.2 234.3 217.6 US$/unit 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 4 168.6 4 953.4 4 959.7 8544 Insulated (including enamelled or anodised) wire, cable............................................. US$/kg 2 796.5 3 000.4 2 577.1 9.0 9.7 9.2 9503 Tricycles, scooters, wheeled toys; dolls'carriages; dolls; other toys............................ US$/kg 2 369.1 2 645.3 2 489.0 21.9 24.9 20.7 9401 Seats (other than those of heading 94.02).................................................................... 2 230.7 2 624.7 2 451.8 8536 Electrical apparatus for switching or protecting electrical circuits.............................. US$/kg 2 296.3 2 686.0 2 202.6 18.8 29.9 21.4 4011 New pneumatic tyres, of rubber.................................................................................... 2 330.1 2 318.0 2 000.2 77.5 74.2 63.4 US$/unit 8512 Electrical lighting or signalling equipment.................................................................... 1 769.8 2 214.2 2 385.7 HS code

150

Source: UN Comtrade

SITC code 781 784 752 764 773 894 821 772 625 778

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Czech Republic Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-10.7 -7.8 -18.4 0.0 -17.0 -14.0 -10.0 -7.5 -5.6

100.0 4.5 2.5 3.0 6.0 15.9 55.7 12.1 0.3

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

137 485.7 7 775.7 3 384.0 9 140.7 15 565.4 23 785.6 62 386.1 15 130.5 317.5

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

(% share in 2014) Travel ( 24.4 %)

Transportation ( 23.1 %) Other business ( 26.1 %)

Remaining ( 13.7 %)

Computer & information ( 6.9 %) Royalties & lic. fees ( 5.7 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.13)

Top partner

25 th 10

80

60

40

20

20

40

0%

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

%

15 th

0%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

%

0

0

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category

14

0

12

80

10

60

40

20

0

0

0

−2

0

−4

0

−6

00

100.0 5.7 2.5 6.6 11.3 17.3 45.4 11.0 0.2

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.104)

Top partner

−8

-10.3 -9.5 -20.2 -25.9 -12.2 -12.2 -6.4 -6.4 -22.0

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −1

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

-2.3 -0.4 -8.7 -11.9 -1.5 -3.8 -0.5 1.0 1.6

60

-1.1 3.4 -5.3 -6.9 -1.7 -3.6 -0.7 2.5 11.9

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

80

155 677.7 7 008.5 3 927.9 4 622.0 9 328.5 24 812.5 86 694.7 18 884.2 399.3

2015 share

0%

2015

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 45.4, 17.3 and 11.3 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05" (HS code 8708) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Germany, China and Poland, accounting for respectively 26.1, 11.8 and 7.7 percent of total imports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 5.5 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 5.1 bln US$ and "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 4.9 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2013 2014 2015 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 142 525.8 153 225.5 137 485.7 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 7 479.0 8 544.7 8 035.0 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 5 614.2 5 682.1 6 029.6 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 4 062.0 4 679.6 5 494.3 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 5 414.2 5 656.8 3 115.5 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 3 041.2 3 669.9 3 176.2 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 4 054.9 2 608.5 2 573.2 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 2 519.2 3 040.4 3 223.8 8473 Parts and accessories for use with machines of heading 84.69 to 84.72.................... 2 599.9 3 093.2 2 327.0 8542 Electronic integrated circuits......................................................................................... 2 617.7 3 043.1 2 020.9 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 2 502.4 2 572.9 1 881.5 HS code

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Source: UN Comtrade

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

6.9 7.1 6.0

88.3 90.4 106.1 0.8 0.8 85.6 105.8 0.6 0.5 17.6 17.2 45.1 44.6

0.4 70.6 0.4 2.6 45.3

1.0 0.9 0.6

SITC code

US$/kg US$/unit

784 752 764 US$/kg 333 US$/kg 542 US$/kg 343 thsd US$/unit 781 US$/kg 759 776 US$/kg 334

151

Denmark Goods Imports: CIF, by origin/consignment for intra-eu

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Denmark decreased substantially by 14.7 percent to reach 94.5 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 14.1 percent to reach 85.5 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small surplus of 9.0 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at -3.7 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Denmark were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 17 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 15 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Denmark increased by 3.0 percent, reaching 72.1 bln US$, while its imports of services increased slightly by 0.1 percent and reached 61.2 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a relatively small trade in services surplus of 11.0 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

120 100 80 60 40 20 0 −20 −40 −60 −80 −100 −120

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

80

Imports

Trade Balance

60 40 20 (na)

0 (na)

−20 −40 −60

Exports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 26.3, 17.6 and 16.6 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Commodities not specified according to kind" (HS code 9999) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Germany, Sweden and Special Categories, accounting for respectively 16.2, 11.4 and 10.2 percent of total exports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 44.3 bln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 8.1 bln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 7.6 bln US$ (see graph 3).

15

13

14

20

20

12

20

10

11

20

20

08

07

09

20

20

20

06

20

04

05

20

20

02

03

20

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−80

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Transportation ( 61.4 %)

Other business ( 11.2 %)

Travel ( 10.6 %) Remaining ( 16.8 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) Unit value 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2013 2014 2015 2013 2014 2015 Unit All Commodities............................................................................................................ 110 421.7 110 748.9 94 484.1 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 10 611.7 10 104.4 5 977.2 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. US$/kg 3 209.9 3 220.6 6 410.2 224.3 230.2 350.2 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... US$/kg 4 053.5 3 802.9 2 548.5 0.9 0.8 0.5 8502 Electric generating sets and rotary converters............................................................. 2 921.3 3 786.7 3 195.5 359.1 529.0 525.4 thsd US$/unit 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. US$/kg 4 915.1 3 039.7 1 779.0 0.8 0.7 0.4 0203 Meat of swine, fresh, chilled or frozen......................................................................... US$/kg 3 407.3 3 227.5 2 521.1 3.1 3.0 2.2 3002 Human blood; animal blood prepared for therapeutic uses.......................................... US$/kg 2 317.0 2 374.4 2 402.9 520.2 455.4 403.7 4301 Raw furskins (including heads, tails, paws and other pieces or cuttings..................... US$/kg 2 284.9 1 398.5 1 610.0 655.7 337.6 US$/kg 0406 Cheese and curd............................................................................................................ 1 585.0 1 697.7 1 385.2 5.4 5.4 4.2 9403 Other furniture and parts thereof.................................................................................. 1 421.4 1 498.5 1 349.2 HS code

152

Source: UN Comtrade

SITC code 931 542 334 716 333 012 541 212 024 821

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Denmark Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-4.1 -3.3 -5.2 -18.3 5.8 -6.2 -3.2 -4.5 -9.0

-14.7 -15.9 -12.7 -37.0 16.5 -16.7 -15.1 -11.4 -40.8

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

100.0 17.6 4.6 4.8 16.6 8.5 26.3 15.1 6.3

85 502.1 11 119.9 3 429.2 5 493.7 10 029.7 11 618.8 27 758.9 14 095.6 1 956.3

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Transportation ( 52.2 %)

Travel ( 16.7 %)

Other business ( 14.4 %) Remaining ( 11.0 %)

Computer & information ( 5.8 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.069)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

0%

5 th

10

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

0

0

0

−1

−2

0

0

0

−3

−4

−5

100.0 13.0 4.0 6.4 11.7 13.6 32.5 16.5 2.3

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.081)

Top partner

%

Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −6

-14.1 -12.7 -14.7 -34.7 -14.7 -13.1 -10.7 -10.7 -17.9

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015)

Imports

0

-3.0 -1.2 -2.6 -12.0 -1.1 -4.6 -1.0 -2.6 -8.3

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015)

−7

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

40

94 484.1 16 625.0 4 382.4 4 575.4 15 705.1 8 077.5 24 834.7 14 288.4 5 995.7

2015 share

60

2015

70

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 32.5, 16.5 and 13.6 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Germany, Sweden and the Netherlands, accounting for respectively 20.7, 12.3 and 7.6 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 31.9 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 10.2 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 8.8 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 8901 Cruise ships, excursion boats, ferry-boats, cargo ships, barges................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 9403 Other furniture and parts thereof..................................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

96 978.6 5 407.7 3 112.9 2 808.0 3 683.7 2 495.6 1 656.3 1 890.2 1 996.7 933.5 798.5

Source: UN Comtrade

99 567.8 4 905.2 3 490.9 3 046.9 2 705.5 2 364.7 2 506.1 2 067.8 2 007.1 967.6 862.3

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

SITC code

85 502.1 US$/kg 334 3 251.7 0.9 0.8 0.5 3 652.3 14.1 15.2 14.0 thsd US$/unit 781 US$/kg 542 2 430.6 136.1 159.2 90.3 US$/kg 333 1 706.8 0.8 0.8 0.4 931 1 941.7 mln US$/unit 793 1 758.6 43.6 57.0 764 1 880.6 752 1 705.0 233.5 228.6 152.3 US$/unit US$/kg 784 877.0 9.6 10.5 9.2 821 787.4

153

Dominica Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2012, the value of merchandise exports of Dominica was 37.0 mln US$, while its merchandise imports was 211.9 mln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 174.9 mln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed North America at -81.2 mln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Dominica were diversified amongst partners; imports were moderately concentrated. The top 8 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 11 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5, and Introduction, paragraphs 19-21). In 2013, the value of exports of services of Dominica decreased substantially by 22.7 percent, reaching 96.0 mln US$, while its imports of services decreased substantially by 44.7 percent and reached 37.4 mln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services surplus of 58.6 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Mln US$ by year)

(Mln US$ by year) Exports

250

Imports

Trade Balance

200

Exports

200

Imports

Trade Balance

150

150

100

100

50

50

(na)

(na) (na) (na)

(na) (na)

0

0 (na)

−50

(na) (na) (na)

(na) (na)

−50

−100

Exports Profile: "Chemicals" (SITC section 5), "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) and "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2012, representing respectively 50.9, 14.6 and 11.6 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2010 to 2012, the largest export commodity was "Soap; organic surface-active products" (HS code 3401) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Jamaica, Trinidad and Tobago and Saint Kitts and Nevis, accounting for respectively 16.9, 16.3 and 16.0 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2012 at 78.6 mln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 26.2 mln US$ and "Government services, n.i.e." (EBOPS code 291) at 13.5 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

13

20

12

20

10

09

11

20

20

20

07

08

20

20

06

20

04

05

20

20

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

05

−200 04

−250 03

−150

02

−200

03

−100

−150

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2012) Travel ( 63.3 %)

Other business ( 21.1 %) Remaining ( 4.7 %)

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 10.8 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2010 to 2012 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 3401 Soap; organic surface-active products.......................................................................... 4907 Unused postage, revenue or similar stamps of current or new issue.......................... 0803 Bananas, including plantains, fresh or dried................................................................. 3210 Other paints and varnishes............................................................................................ 2517 Pebbles, gravel, broken or crushed stone..................................................................... 0714 Manioc, arrowroot, sweet potatoes and similar roots................................................. 8518 Microphones and stands therefor; loudspeakers.......................................................... 2505 Natural sands of all kinds.............................................................................................. 8525 Transmission apparatus for radio-telephony, radio-broadcasting................................ 3301 Essential oils (terpeneless or not), including concretes................................................

154

Source: UN Comtrade

2010

Value (million US$) 2011 2012

34.1 13.8 4.5 3.1 1.8 0.9 1.7 0.6 0.9 0.0 0.6

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

37.0 16.5 4.5 1.1 1.5 2.4 1.2 1.5 1.1 1.1 0.4

Unit value 2010 2011 2012 Unit

3.9 0.8 4.3 0.0 3.2 0.0 0.1

US$/kg 26.0 55.7 thsd US$/kg

3.2

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

6.2

US$/kg

27.2

thsd US$/kg

SITC code 554 892 057 533 273 054 764 273 764 551

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Dominica Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2008-2012 2011-2012

-1.9 -28.1 -9.9 -2.6 1.5 35.1 62.7 92.8 ...

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

100.0 11.3 9.7 0.0 50.9 1.9 11.6 14.6 0.0

211.9 47.7 10.3 46.9 17.0 31.1 36.1 22.7 0.3

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2012) Other business ( 21.4 %) Transportation ( 43.4 %)

Travel ( 18.4 %)

Remaining ( 6.9 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.111)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

40

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

20

10

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0 −1

−2

−3

−4

−5

−6

−7

0

100.0 22.5 4.8 22.1 8.0 14.7 17.0 10.7 0.1

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.178)

Top partner

−8

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2012) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −9

-2.3 2.3 -4.3 6.6 -4.4 -5.5 -10.5 -0.6 -34.5

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2012 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Mln US$ by MDG Regions in 2012) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2008-2012 2011-2012

2012

60

37.0 4.2 3.6 0.0 18.8 0.7 4.3 5.4 0.0

2012 share

0%

2012

30

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2012, representing respectively 22.5, 22.1 and 17.0 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2010 to 2012, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the United States, Trinidad and Tobago and Areas nes, accounting for respectively 39.4, 16.1 and 4.6 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2012 at 29.4 mln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 14.4 mln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 12.4 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Insurance ( 9.9 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2010 to 2012 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 0207 Meat and edible offal, of the poultry of heading 01.05................................................ 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 1502 Fats of bovine animals, sheep or goats, other than those of heading 15.03................ 0402 Milk and cream, concentrated or containing added sugar........................................... 2523 Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement....................................................... 1101 Wheat or meslin flour.................................................................................................... 2202 Waters with added sugar.............................................................................................. 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods....................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2010

Value (million US$) 2011 2012

224.6 35.3 5.5 5.5 5.2 3.7 3.1 3.1 2.9 3.4 3.7

Source: UN Comtrade

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

Unit value 2010 2011 2012 Unit

211.9 43.2 1.2 5.4 3.9 3.5 16.3 3.4 3.5 3.3 4.2 3.5 3.4 1.6 3.6 2.2 2.4 1.8

4.1

US$/kg US$/kg 18.2 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 2.9 US$/kg

5.2

US$/kg US$/litre

SITC code 334 012 781 411 022 661 046 111 764 782

155

Dominican Republic Goods Imports: FOB, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Dominican Republic decreased substantially by 15.5 percent to reach 8.4 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased slightly by 2.3 percent to reach 17.3 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 9.0 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Eastern Asia at -2.5 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Dominican Republic were highly concentrated amongst partners; imports were moderately concentrated. The top 4 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 13 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Dominican Republic increased slightly by 4.7 percent, reaching 6.4 bln US$, while its imports of services increased slightly by 1.6 percent and reached 2.1 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services surplus of 4.4 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

20

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

8

15

6

10

4

5

2

0

0

−5

−2

−10

−4

−15

−6

−20

−8

Imports

Trade Balance

(na)

Exports Profile: "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Not classified elsewhere in the SITC" (SITC section 9) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 35.3, 23.5 and 15.2 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Gold (including gold plated with platinum)" (HS code 7108) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were the United States, Haiti and Canada, accounting for respectively 51.2, 13.2 and 9.8 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 3.1 bln US$, followed by "Computer and information services" (EBOPS code 262) at 1.7 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 1.2 bln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

13

20

12

20

10

09

08

07

11

20

20

20

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

03

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

(na)

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Computer & information ( 26.8 %)

Travel ( 47.6 %)

Remaining ( 6.8 %)

Other business ( 18.8 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 9018 Instruments and appliances used in medical, surgical, dental or veterinary............... 2402 Cigars, cheroots, cigarillos and cigarettes.................................................................... 8536 Electrical apparatus for switching or protecting electrical circuits.............................. 6109 T-shirts, singlets and other vests, knitted or crocheted................................................ 7113 Articles of jewellery and parts thereof, of precious metal........................................... 3006 Pharmaceutical goods specified in Note 4 to this Chapter........................................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 0803 Bananas, including plantains, fresh or dried................................................................. 1801 Cocoa beans, whole or broken, raw or roasted............................................................

156

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

7 961.0 1 198.4 752.7 510.5 367.0 204.6 194.8 278.2 153.0 167.9 162.3

9 927.8 1 582.0 874.4 526.5 484.4 313.4 250.5 227.0 558.7 331.6 212.1

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

8 384.1 1 270.3 11.9 933.6 625.6 22.6 402.7 378.8 5.2 374.1 257.4 29.4 229.4 0.5 250.8 2.6

thsd US$/kg

19.1

US$/kg

4.8 5.0

US$/unit

0.6 0.6 3.1 3.2

US$/kg US$/kg

SITC code 971 872 122 772 845 897 541 334 057 072

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Dominican Republic Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-15.5 -9.5 -32.8 -93.9 -6.6 -33.1 -13.8 3.7 -19.8

100.0 23.5 2.7 0.4 6.4 8.2 8.4 35.3 15.2

17 347.8 2 346.7 541.4 2 692.3 2 158.3 3 386.3 4 064.6 2 057.3 101.0

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

(% share in 2014) Travel ( 22.4 %) Transportation ( 42.0 %) Other business ( 13.1 %)

Remaining ( 7.2 %)

Insurance ( 8.6 %)

Top partner

0% 10

80

60

40

20

20

%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

0%

15 th

%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

10

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.315)

5 th

80

5

4

3

2

1

0

−1

−3 −2

−4

−5

−6

100.0 13.5 3.1 15.5 12.4 19.5 23.4 11.9 0.6

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.196)

Top partner

−7

-2.3 5.2 -19.7 -33.1 1.0 7.1 16.7 5.6 11.7

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −8

-1.1 2.4 -5.6 -12.9 2.2 -0.6 5.1 3.9 -3.9

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

40

8.2 7.6 -3.1 -33.8 9.4 -13.6 7.7 9.3 218.6

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

8 384.1 1 970.7 223.9 34.5 533.2 684.4 700.6 2 963.7 1 273.0

2015 share

0%

2015

6

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 23.4, 19.5 and 15.5 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the United States, China and Mexico, accounting for respectively 40.1, 11.8 and 5.6 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 864.2 mln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 460.9 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 268.7 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Royalties & lic. fees ( 6.7 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 3926 Other articles of plastics............................................................................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 1005 Maize (corn)................................................................................................................... 3923 Articles for the conveyance or packing of goods, of plastics....................................... 2401 Unmanufactured tobacco; tobacco refuse....................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

17 845.0 2 869.2 1 226.4 518.1 706.3 426.9 329.0 323.2 278.7 152.0 171.9

Source: UN Comtrade

17 751.7 2 210.0 941.3 617.5 756.7 418.4 359.7 303.5 227.9 166.9 152.0

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

17 347.8 1 838.7 US$/kg 306.2 0.8 0.8 0.8 759.2 22.3 20.9 22.4 thsd US$/unit 395.4 456.7 US$/kg 388.7 12.2 12.7 14.3 293.3 US$/kg 0.4 215.7 US$/kg 186.4 4.9 4.9 5.2 US$/kg 161.5 5.3 5.2 5.4

SITC code 334 333 781 343 542 893 764 044 893 121

157

Ecuador Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Ecuador decreased substantially by 28.8 percent to reach 18.3 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 22.3 percent to reach 21.4 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small deficit of 3.1 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Eastern Asia at -4.2 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Ecuador were moderately concentrated amongst partners; imports were diversified. The top 13 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 14 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Ecuador increased substantially by 15.0 percent, reaching 2.3 bln US$, while its imports of services increased slightly by 0.9 percent and reached 3.6 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services deficit of 1.2 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

30 25 20 15 10 5 0 −5 −10 −15 −20 −25 −30

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

4

Imports

Trade Balance

3 2 1 (na)

0 (na)

−1 −2 −3

Exports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 44.3, 36.3 and 8.0 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude" (HS code 2709) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were the United States, Chile and Peru, accounting for respectively 42.9, 8.6 and 6.4 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 1.5 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 424.7 mln US$ and "Government services, n.i.e." (EBOPS code 291) at 121.5 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

12

11

10

13

20

20

20

20

09

20

07

08

20

20

06

20

04

05

20

20

03

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−4

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 63.5 %)

Transportation ( 18.2 %)

Remaining ( 13.1 %)

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 5.2 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 0803 Bananas, including plantains, fresh or dried................................................................. 0306 Crustaceans, whether in shell or not............................................................................ 1604 Prepared or preserved fish; caviar................................................................................. 0603 Cut flowers and flower buds of a kind suitable for bouquets....................................... 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 1801 Cocoa beans, whole or broken, raw or roasted............................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 1511 Palm oil and its fractions............................................................................................... 2101 Extracts, essences and concentrates, of coffee, tea or mate.......................................

158

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

24 957.6 13 411.8 2 332.2 1 795.0 1 337.9 837.3 467.8 433.3 551.9 208.4 190.1

25 730.1 13 016.0 2 620.7 2 580.6 1 241.5 798.4 854.6 587.8 192.4 225.0 152.9

18 330.6 6 355.2 2 820.1 2 287.4 921.3 819.9 681.8 705.4 294.2 225.4 126.7

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

0.7 0.4 8.1 5.1 5.3 2.4 0.6 1.0 7.8

US$/kg 0.6 0.3 US$/kg 0.4 0.4 US$/kg 8.6 6.7 US$/kg 4.5 3.6 US$/kg 5.7 5.6 34.4 32.8 thsd US$/kg US$/kg 3.0 3.0 US$/kg 0.5 0.3 US$/kg 1.0 0.8 US$/kg 6.8 7.2

SITC code 333 057 036 037 292 971 072 334 422 071

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Ecuador Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-28.8 -4.4 -7.7 -49.9 -7.4 -6.7 0.8 -14.4 -20.2

100.0 44.3 8.0 36.3 1.5 3.4 1.9 1.0 3.7

21 387.3 1 720.5 444.3 4 195.7 3 886.6 2 922.7 6 489.1 1 616.5 111.8

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance

-3.1 -2.2 -7.5 -6.1 1.1 -4.9 -3.3 0.2 6.2

Trade balance

100.0 8.0 2.1 19.6 18.2 13.7 30.3 7.6 0.5

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.109)

(% share in 2014)

Transportation ( 50.1 %)

Travel ( 17.8 %)

Insurance ( 10.8 %)

Remaining ( 13.6 %)

Personal, cultural & rec ( 7.6 %)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

10

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.174)

5 th

8

6

4

2

0

−2

Top partner

−4

-22.3 -12.2 -27.8 -36.9 -8.4 -22.0 -21.4 -16.2 -1.8

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −6

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

%

-4.8 6.7 2.5 -15.2 -3.4 -0.3 -12.1 -3.1 50.4

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

40

18 330.6 8 112.5 1 465.9 6 661.9 266.1 616.9 340.3 183.0 684.1

2015 share

60

2015

0%

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 30.3, 19.6 and 18.2 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the United States, China and Colombia, accounting for respectively 25.8, 17.3 and 7.7 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 1.8 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 634.6 mln US$ and "Insurance services" (EBOPS code 253) at 383.0 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 2707 Oils and other products of high temperature coal tar................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 2304 Oil-cake and other solid residues.................................................................................. 7304 Tubes, pipes and hollow profiles, seamless, of iron (other than cast iron)..................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

27 064.5 3 403.9 2 113.4 803.1 784.5 657.8 564.8 513.0 482.2 336.0 358.9

Source: UN Comtrade

27 515.4 3 362.7 2 430.4 858.7 778.6 698.2 598.9 508.4 489.4 406.7 406.2

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

SITC code

21 387.3 US$/kg 334 2 095.8 1.0 0.9 0.6 US$/kg 335 1 604.2 1.1 1.0 0.7 US$/kg 542 856.5 34.7 34.9 30.4 524.8 15.8 16.4 9.5 thsd US$/unit 781 US$/kg 343 394.0 0.8 0.8 0.4 376.1 14.9 thsd US$/unit 782 764 463.4 752 252.3 74.5 US$/unit US$/kg 081 381.3 0.5 0.5 0.4 US$/kg 679 175.6 2.1 2.0 1.8

159

Egypt Goods Imports: CIF, by consignment

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Egypt decreased substantially by 18.1 percent to reach 22.0 bln US$, while its merchandise imports increased slightly by 4.2 percent to reach 74.4 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 52.4 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at -17.6 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Egypt were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 26 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 22 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Egypt increased substantially by 19.9 percent, reaching 21.9 bln US$, while its imports of services increased moderately by 6.7 percent and reached 17.5 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services surplus of 4.4 bln US$. See footnote*.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year)

Exports Profile: "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 20.2, 19.1 and 17.9 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude" (HS code 2709) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Italy, Saudi Arabia and India, accounting for respectively 8.7, 7.7 and 6.4 percent of total exports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 9.8 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 7.2 bln US$ and "Government services, n.i.e." (EBOPS code 291) at 1.6 bln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

13

20

11

10

09

12

20

20

20

20

07

08

20

20

06

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

03

04

20

20

20

20

02

−80

20

−60

05

−40

Trade Balance

(na)

20

−20

Imports

(na)

04

0

20

20

03

40

20

60

Exports

30 25 20 15 10 5 0 −5 −10 −15 −20 −25 −30 02

Trade Balance

20

80

Imports

20

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Transportation ( 44.7 %)

Travel ( 32.9 %)

Remaining ( 9.1 %)

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 7.5 %) Other business ( 5.8 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8544 Insulated (including enamelled or anodised) wire, cable............................................. 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 3102 Mineral or chemical fertilisers, nitrogenous................................................................. 8528 Reception apparatus for television............................................................................... 0805 Citrus fruit, fresh or dried.............................................................................................. 6203 Men's or boys' suits, ensembles, jackets, blazers, trousers......................................... 0406 Cheese and curd............................................................................................................

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

28 779.4 3 059.5 2 548.9 895.9 901.1 1 559.7 1 077.1 110.8 533.3 372.1 374.9

26 812.2 3 050.5 2 437.2 1 001.8 659.3 379.8 644.7 749.4 475.3 321.0 378.9

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

21 967.3 US$/kg 1 994.1 0.7 0.6 0.8 US$/kg 1 485.5 0.9 0.8 1.1 US$/kg 770.7 8.6 7.7 631.3 43.5 38.5 39.8 thsd US$/kg US$/kg 145.2 0.4 0.5 US$/kg 332.4 0.4 0.3 US$/unit 782.6 331.3 US$/kg 526.1 0.4 0.4 0.7 US$/unit 436.1 9.1 US$/kg 340.8 3.8 3.3 5.3

SITC code 333 334 773 971 343 562 761 057 841 024

*Special trade system up to 2007.

160

Source: UN Comtrade

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Egypt Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-8.7 0.7 -11.9 -19.3 -8.5 -8.2 7.1 -0.9 -16.8

-18.1 -0.6 -6.1 -37.3 -27.6 -15.1 -14.2 0.9 -10.4

100.0 19.1 5.0 17.9 14.6 20.2 9.1 10.3 3.8

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

74 361.3 12 763.6 4 681.5 11 674.5 9 575.1 13 628.4 18 167.9 3 619.0 251.3

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.045)

(% share in 2014)

Transportation ( 46.4 %)

Travel ( 17.9 %)

Other business ( 14.2 %)

Remaining ( 11.5 %)

Insurance ( 10.0 %)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

10

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.036)

5 th

10

5

0

−5

0 −1

−1

5

Top partner

%

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania 0

100.0 17.2 6.3 15.7 12.9 18.3 24.4 4.9 0.3

40

Exports

−2

4.2 1.4 -27.7 19.0 4.5 2.7 14.0 22.7 -77.9

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015)

Imports

5

4.5 2.3 -10.2 5.9 5.5 3.6 9.6 16.2 61.5

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015)

−2

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

60

21 967.3 4 202.0 1 099.1 3 927.1 3 198.2 4 441.9 1 996.4 2 259.1 843.7

2015 share

80

2015

0%

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 24.4, 18.3 and 17.2 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were China, Germany and the United States, accounting for respectively 11.7, 7.8 and 7.0 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 8.1 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 3.1 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 2.5 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 1001 Wheat and meslin......................................................................................................... 1005 Maize (corn)................................................................................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 7207 Semi-finished products of iron or non-alloy steel......................................................... 7326 Other articles of iron or steel........................................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

66 666.4 5 527.0 1 266.2 2 028.6 721.7 1 985.0 1 599.5 1 573.5 1 278.9 1 527.6 1 135.0

Source: UN Comtrade

71 337.7 5 548.4 2 556.6 3 044.0 3 066.2 1 951.6 1 662.3 1 022.3 1 653.2 1 513.2 1 319.7

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

74 361.3 US$/kg 7 133.2 0.9 0.8 1.2 17.4 thsd US$/unit 3 301.5 16.0 US$/kg 1 756.5 0.8 0.7 0.8 US$/kg 0.4 2 536.0 1 790.3 US$/kg 2 018.4 39.1 127.6 US$/kg 2 467.6 0.9 0.8 1 895.4 US$/kg 1 389.5 0.5 1.3 US$/kg 1 189.2 12.1 7.3

SITC code 334 781 333 041 044 542 343 764 672 699

161

El Salvador Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of El Salvador increased slightly by 4.0 percent to reach 5.5 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased slightly by 0.9 percent to reach 10.4 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 4.9 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed North America at -1.5 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in El Salvador were highly concentrated amongst partners; imports were moderately concentrated. The top 4 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 11 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of El Salvador increased substantially by 15.5 percent, reaching 1.7 bln US$, while its imports of services decreased slightly by 1.9 percent and reached 1.3 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services surplus of 442.4 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

12 10 8 6 4 2 0 −2 −4 −6 −8 −10 −12

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

2

Imports

Trade Balance

1.5 1 0.5 (na)

0 (na)

−0.5 −1 −1.5

Exports Profile: "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 48.4, 19.4 and 16.9 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "T-shirts, singlets and other vests, knitted or crocheted" (HS code 6109) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were the United States, Honduras and Guatemala, accounting for respectively 46.5, 14.2 and 13.4 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 821.4 mln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 551.3 mln US$ and "Communications services" (EBOPS code 245) at 116.2 mln US$ (see graph 3).

14

15 20

13

20

12

20

10

09

08

07

11

20

20

20

20

20

06

20

04

05

20

20

03

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−2

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Travel ( 47.3 %)

Transportation ( 31.7 %)

Remaining ( 14.3 %)

Communication ( 6.7 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 6109 T-shirts, singlets and other vests, knitted or crocheted................................................ 6110 Jerseys, pullovers, cardigans, waist-coats and similar articles................................... 6115 Panty hose, tights, stockings, socks and other hosiery................................................. 1701 Cane or beet sugar and chemically pure sucrose, in solid form................................... 3923 Articles for the conveyance or packing of goods, of plastics....................................... 8532 Electrical capacitors, fixed, variable or adjustable (pre-set)......................................... 0901 Coffee, whether or not roasted or decaffeinated......................................................... 6107 Men's or boys'underpants, briefs, nightshirts, pyjamas, bathrobes............................. 4818 Toilet paper and similar paper...................................................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06)..............................

162

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

5 491.1 810.7 240.8 228.4 209.2 172.0 171.0 233.9 109.9 129.4 109.5

5 272.7 753.3 286.3 253.7 192.0 178.0 171.2 110.5 122.7 128.8 106.1

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

5 484.9 771.7 5.3 5.0 5.2 290.4 13.6 12.6 255.3 11.5 11.9 11.8 193.1 0.5 0.4 0.4 185.8 2.3 2.3 2.1 159.4 206.8 209.5 194.9 149.2 3.5 3.9 4.3 214.5 127.1 1.6 1.7 1.8 118.2 4.8 6.0 6.2

US$/unit US$/unit US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

SITC code 845 845 846 061 893 778 071 843 642 542

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

El Salvador Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

4.0 7.4 -22.2 -22.5 4.3 9.8 -4.6 4.7 -46.1

100.0 19.4 1.5 1.9 6.4 16.9 5.2 48.4 0.2

10 415.4 1 647.6 340.2 1 436.9 1 647.5 2 255.6 1 908.9 1 164.0 14.7

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 19.2 %) Transportation ( 43.3 %) Insurance ( 12.2 %)

Remaining ( 12.1 %)

Other business ( 8.0 %) Royalties & lic. fees ( 5.3 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.267)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

2

1

0

−1

−2

−3

100.0 15.8 3.3 13.8 15.8 21.7 18.3 11.2 0.1

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.183)

Top partner

−4

-0.9 4.0 -1.5 -21.5 0.9 -0.7 10.4 5.3 0.0

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −5

1.1 4.5 -5.7 -4.7 0.5 1.2 5.5 6.1 -47.1

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

40

0.8 -0.9 -10.7 -11.2 0.4 3.7 1.1 4.8 -54.1

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

5 484.9 1 066.8 80.6 104.9 351.0 928.1 287.2 2 653.9 12.4

2015 share

0%

2015

3

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 21.7, 18.3 and 15.8 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the United States, Guatemala and China, accounting for respectively 39.8, 9.3 and 7.3 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 560.5 mln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 248.2 mln US$ and "Insurance services" (EBOPS code 253) at 157.7 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 6006 Other knitted or crocheted fabrics................................................................................. 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 5402 Synthetic filament yarn (other than sewing thread)..................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 5205 Cotton yarn (other than sewing thread), containing 85 % or more.............................. 3901 Polymers of ethylene, in primary forms......................................................................... 1005 Maize (corn)...................................................................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

10 772.0 1 790.7 349.6 266.1 227.3 171.7 140.1 147.0 155.2 121.1 102.3

Source: UN Comtrade

10 512.9 1 521.5 325.1 267.0 253.1 216.9 156.6 136.6 155.8 125.3 107.8

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

10 415.4 US$/kg 1 213.8 0.9 0.9 0.6 US$/kg 263.7 5.2 5.0 5.3 US$/kg 305.5 27.9 21.8 22.7 261.9 US$/kg 135.3 0.8 0.9 0.5 US$/kg 156.9 3.9 3.9 3.7 162.8 17.3 17.7 18.9 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 115.8 3.3 3.4 3.0 US$/kg 111.1 1.6 1.7 1.4 US$/kg 134.2 0.3 0.3 0.2

SITC code 334 655 542 764 343 651 781 651 571 044

163

Estonia Goods Imports: CIF, by consignment

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Estonia decreased substantially by 20.5 percent to reach 14.0 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 22.1 percent to reach 15.7 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small deficit of 1.8 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Eastern Asia at -1.2 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Estonia were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 12 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 16 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Estonia increased substantially by 10.9 percent, reaching 6.9 bln US$, while its imports of services increased slightly by 1.8 percent and reached 4.6 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services surplus of 2.3 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

25

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

8

20

Imports

Trade Balance

6

15

4

10 5

2

0

0

−5

−2

(na) (na)

−10

Exports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 31.4, 15.2 and 13.6 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy" (HS code 8517) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Sweden, Finland and the Russian Federation, accounting for respectively 16.1, 14.3 and 14.2 percent of total exports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 2.3 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 1.8 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 1.5 bln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

13

20

11

10

12

20

20

20

08

07

09

20

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

05

−8 04

−25 03

−6

02

−20

03

−4

−15

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 26.2 %)

Transportation ( 33.7 %)

Other business ( 22.2 %)

Remaining ( 6.8 %)

Computer & information ( 5.7 %) Construction ( 5.4 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 8544 Insulated (including enamelled or anodised) wire, cable............................................. 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 9406 Prefabricated buildings.................................................................................................. 2716 Electrical energy............................................................................................................ 4418 Builders'joinery and carpentry of wood........................................................................ 4407 Wood sawn or chipped lengthwise, sliced or peeled................................................... 8504 Electrical transformers, static converters.....................................................................

164

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

18 284.1 1 875.2 1 330.0 811.2 366.9 318.8 290.3 365.7 288.7 264.8 215.6

17 568.9 1 963.0 1 418.9 936.4 360.5 363.6 323.1 326.8 310.3 285.0 257.8

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

13 964.8 1 424.7 US$/kg 1 099.2 0.7 0.6 0.4 876.9 US$/kg 304.9 14.9 14.0 12.2 290.1 24.3 25.3 21.8 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 325.2 2.1 2.1 1.9 237.5 58.1 50.4 37.2 US$/MWh US$/kg 269.4 2.2 2.3 1.8 US$/m3 267.7 327.7 336.6 293.3 230.3

SITC code 764 334 931 773 781 811 351 635 248 771

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Estonia Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-20.5 -21.6 -19.9 -23.1 -22.5 -21.8 -22.5 -16.3 -9.1

100.0 9.6 7.5 11.0 5.1 13.6 31.4 15.2 6.7

15 717.6 1 576.8 510.2 2 073.1 1 524.6 2 105.2 5 147.6 1 426.0 1 354.1

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 25.1 %)

Transportation ( 35.3 %)

Remaining ( 8.9 %)

Other business ( 19.2 %)

Construction ( 5.9 %) Computer & information ( 5.6 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.083)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

10

8

6

4

2

0

−2

−4

−6

−8

100.0 10.0 3.2 13.2 9.7 13.4 32.8 9.1 8.6

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.056)

Top partner

2 −1 0

-22.1 -19.8 -19.4 -34.0 -18.4 -23.2 -19.9 -20.1 -15.8

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −1

-4.6 -3.5 0.0 -11.5 -3.5 -7.3 -4.4 -0.4 7.1

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

40

-6.3 -2.8 -5.0 -15.6 -8.1 -7.5 -5.5 -3.8 5.2

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

13 964.8 1 337.3 1 040.8 1 542.1 719.1 1 895.0 4 382.4 2 117.3 930.7

2015 share

0%

2015

12

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 32.8, 13.4 and 13.2 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Finland, Germany and the Russian Federation, accounting for respectively 10.0, 9.9 and 9.9 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 1.6 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 1.2 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 893.2 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 8542 Electronic integrated circuits......................................................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 4011 New pneumatic tyres, of rubber.................................................................................... 4407 Wood sawn or chipped lengthwise, sliced or peeled................................................... 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 8544 Insulated (including enamelled or anodised) wire, cable.............................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

20 186.2 2 143.7 1 431.8 1 077.9 754.8 430.3 322.0 342.1 233.8 326.6 226.7

Source: UN Comtrade

20 169.3 2 397.5 1 535.5 1 209.3 820.9 434.5 345.0 275.2 274.0 237.7 223.0

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

15 717.6 US$/kg 1 509.1 0.8 0.7 0.4 1 299.0 937.0 661.4 22.6 23.2 20.0 thsd US$/unit 280.2 US$/kg 312.6 101.6 111.0 99.4 152.9 72.8 57.1 51.2 US$/unit US$/m3 231.5 266.2 278.3 214.7 US$/kg 174.5 0.6 0.6 0.4 US$/kg 200.8 9.2 11.1 10.0

SITC code 334 931 764 781 776 542 625 248 343 773

165

Ethiopia Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Ethiopia decreased substantially by 11.3 percent to reach 5.0 bln US$, while its merchandise imports increased substantially by 17.8 percent to reach 25.8 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 20.8 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Eastern Asia at -7.1 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Ethiopia were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 14 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 11 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Ethiopia decreased slightly by 4.8 percent, reaching 3.0 bln US$, while its imports of services increased substantially by 26.1 percent and reached 4.4 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services deficit of 1.4 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

30 25 20 15 10 5 0 −5 −10 −15 −20 −25 −30

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

5

Imports

Trade Balance

4 3 2 1

(na)

0 (na)

−1 −2 −3 −4

Exports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4) and "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 48.5, 25.9 and 13.8 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Coffee, whether or not roasted or decaffeinated" (HS code 0901) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Somalia, Kuwait and the Netherlands, accounting for respectively 13.7, 10.4 and 10.4 percent of total exports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 2.2 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 352.1 mln US$ and "Government services, n.i.e." (EBOPS code 291) at 244.3 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

12

11

10

09

08

07

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

03

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−5

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Transportation ( 73.4 %)

Travel ( 11.8 %) Remaining ( 6.6 %) Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 8.2 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 0901 Coffee, whether or not roasted or decaffeinated......................................................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 0603 Cut flowers and flower buds of a kind suitable for bouquets....................................... 1207 Other oil seeds and oleaginous fruits, whether or not broken..................................... 0709 Other vegetables, fresh or chilled................................................................................. 0713 Dried leguminous vegetables, shelled, whether or not skinned or split...................... 0102 Live bovine animals....................................................................................................... 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 0204 Meat of sheep or goats, fresh, chilled or frozen........................................................... 0106 Other live animals..........................................................................................................

166

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

4 076.9 770.8 260.5 527.1 527.1 558.8 239.4 215.2 157.4 70.5 73.6

5 666.9 1 023.9 1 078.4 610.4 744.5 567.6 287.0 216.0 156.3 84.1 66.9

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

5 027.5 US$/kg 1 018.6 3.5 4.3 4.3 US$/kg 693.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 US$/kg 662.4 4.0 4.3 4.5 US$/kg 506.7 1.9 2.2 1.5 US$/kg 568.4 5.5 5.7 6.0 US$/kg 240.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 174.8 0.5 1.1 1.0 thsd US$/unit 158.0 34.3 34.1 33.6 thsd US$/kg US$/kg 103.6 5.3 5.5 6.0 72.2

SITC code 071 334 292 222 054 054 001 971 012 001

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Ethiopia Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

17.8 10.7 20.9 3972.5 -6.4 1.1 43.1 26.7 6.2

-11.3 -2.0 -12.4 -35.7 2.3 -6.6 21.6 11.4 -21.0

100.0 48.5 25.9 13.8 0.1 3.7 2.4 2.6 3.2

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

25 815.3 1 543.5 1 559.0 2 482.1 3 067.9 5 070.7 9 307.3 2 358.8 426.0

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance

30.5 14.2 31.3 12.0 31.5 36.1 35.4 40.4 226.2

100.0 6.0 6.0 9.6 11.9 19.6 36.1 9.1 1.7

Trade balance

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.141)

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Transportation ( 71.3 %)

Travel ( 6.2 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.07)

Top partner

25 th 10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

%

15 th

0%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

1

0

−1

−2

−3

−4

−5

Top partner

%

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania

40

Exports

−6

17.8 25.2 83.6 -34.4 15.2 17.6 31.9 37.0 45.4

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015)

Imports

−7

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015)

−8

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

60

5 027.5 2 436.3 1 301.3 693.2 5.0 183.8 119.8 129.7 158.4

2015 share

0%

2015

2

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 36.1, 19.6 and 11.9 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were China, Areas nes and Kuwait, accounting for respectively 25.9, 19.4 and 6.2 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 3.1 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 272.4 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Remaining ( 22.5 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 1511 Palm oil and its fractions............................................................................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 1001 Wheat and meslin......................................................................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 8429 Self-propelled bulldozers, angledozers, graders, levellers, scrapers........................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 7308 Structures (excluding prefabricated buildings of heading 94.06)................................. 4011 New pneumatic tyres, of rubber....................................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

14 899.1 1 687.1 762.3 375.0 73.2 527.6 410.5 449.0 313.0 169.0 258.8

Source: UN Comtrade

21 914.4 3 639.4 750.1 452.1 571.2 339.1 274.3 360.9 375.8 442.3 284.6

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

25 815.3 US$/kg 2 316.5 1.0 1.0 0.9 1 059.8 US$/kg 1 018.3 1.1 1.2 1.4 1 058.9 US$/kg 433.1 0.4 0.4 0.3 US$/kg 522.6 33.2 21.0 30.8 355.8 414.6 15.3 16.8 17.1 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 437.2 2.3 2.7 3.3 281.5

SITC code 334 782 422 764 041 542 723 781 691 625

167

Fiji Goods Imports: CIF, by purchase

Goods Exports: FOB, by sale

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of Fiji increased substantially by 23.9 percent to reach 1.4 bln US$, while its merchandise imports increased substantially by 15.0 percent to reach 3.3 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 1.9 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG South-eastern Asia at -1.0 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Fiji were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 14 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 8 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2013, the value of exports of services of Fiji increased slightly by 0.3 percent, reaching 1.2 bln US$, while its imports of services decreased slightly by 1.4 percent and reached 562.6 mln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services surplus of 649.4 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year)

Exports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 40.1, 25.1 and 9.6 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Bunkers, ship stores, Australia and the United States, accounting for respectively 17.0, 13.2 and 12.7 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2013 at 722.4 mln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 306.7 mln US$ and "Government services, n.i.e." (EBOPS code 291) at 115.1 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

13

20

11

10

09

08

12

20

20

20

20

20

07

20

06

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−4

20

−3

05

−2

Trade Balance

(na) (na)

20

(na)

−1

Imports

(na) (na)

04

(na)

0

20

1

03

2

20

3

Exports

1.4 1.2 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 −0.2 −0.4 −0.6 −0.8 −1 −1.2 −1.4 02

Trade Balance

20

4

Imports

20

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013) Travel ( 59.6 %)

Transportation ( 25.3 %) Remaining ( 5.6 %)

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 9.5 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 0303 Fish, frozen, excluding fish fillets and other fish meat of heading 03.04..................... 2201 Waters, including natural or artificial mineral waters.................................................. 1701 Cane or beet sugar and chemically pure sucrose, in solid form................................... 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 1905 Bread, pastry, cakes, biscuits and other bakers'wares................................................. 0302 Fish, fresh or chilled, excluding fish fillets.................................................................... 4407 Wood sawn or chipped lengthwise, sliced or peeled................................................... 6203 Men's or boys'suits, ensembles, jackets, blazers, trousers.......................................... 8802 Other aircraft (for example, helicopters, aeroplanes); spacecraft................................

168

Source: UN Comtrade

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

1 220.6 327.3 120.4 89.7 97.6 77.0 30.6 35.9 19.0 16.6 27.2

1 108.0 316.9 89.7 85.4 64.3 45.2 27.6 16.8 21.7 19.5 20.3

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

1 373.3 US$/kg 1.1 343.6 US$/kg 126.8 2.7 2.2 US$/litre 113.1 0.5 US$/kg 111.1 0.7 2.1 0.5 48.7 48.6 41.1 39.1 thsd US$/kg US$/kg 28.4 2.1 1.9 US$/kg 20.4 2.3 3.6 22.4 403.6 249.4 US$/m3 US$/unit 20.4 18.5 5.2

SITC code 334 034 111 061 971 048 034 248 841 792

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Fiji Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

23.9 28.4 43.9 8.3 11.8 38.3 85.3 3.5 2.3

100.0 40.1 6.3 25.1 2.7 5.7 9.6 6.0 4.4

3 250.5 548.3 55.3 787.7 213.8 388.8 992.9 239.5 24.3

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013) Transportation ( 65.5 %)

Travel ( 17.1 %)

Remaining ( 9.4 %)

Other business ( 8.0 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.072)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

0%

0.2

0

.2 −0

.4 −0

.6 −0

.8 −0

100.0 16.9 1.7 24.2 6.6 12.0 30.5 7.4 0.7

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.131)

Top partner

−1

.2

15.0 28.8 9.7 19.2 19.0 26.7 0.3 22.9 35.7

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −1

15.8 14.7 16.3 8.2 9.3 12.1 31.9 11.6 29.3

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

40

13.0 13.3 13.0 12.8 10.2 14.6 54.4 5.4 -6.8

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

1 373.3 550.9 87.2 344.6 37.1 78.0 132.2 82.7 60.5

2014 share

10

2014

0.4

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 30.5, 24.2 and 16.9 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Singapore, Australia and New Zealand, accounting for respectively 25.8, 15.0 and 13.3 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2013 at 368.3 mln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 96.4 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 45.0 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8802 Other aircraft (for example, helicopters, aeroplanes); spacecraft................................ 0303 Fish, frozen, excluding fish fillets and other fish meat of heading 03.04..................... 1001 Wheat and meslin......................................................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 8803 Parts of goods of heading 88.01 or 88.02..................................................................... 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 0402 Milk and cream, concentrated or containing added sugar...........................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

2 252.6 651.6 8.1 124.2 60.6 31.4 27.1 34.7 21.7 25.0 20.5

Source: UN Comtrade

2 825.7 634.3 443.8 92.8 68.9 50.6 52.5 40.7 34.5 26.0 20.8

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

3 250.5 US$/kg 1.1 754.9 175.8 US$/kg 177.1 1.9 1.6 US$/kg 61.4 0.4 0.4 0.7 12.2 10.9 thsd US$/unit 72.4 60.2 62.5 US$/kg 28.5 47.5 46.8 131.9 US$/kg 32.2 1.3 1.2 1.2 US$/kg 38.0 4.2 5.0 5.2

SITC code 334 792 034 041 781 782 764 792 343 022

169

Finland Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Finland decreased substantially by 19.7 percent to reach 59.7 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 21.6 percent to reach 60.2 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small deficit of 492.1 mln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG CIS at -2.9 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Finland were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 20 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 16 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Finland decreased slightly by 4.5 percent, reaching 28.6 bln US$, while its imports of services decreased slightly by 3.0 percent and reached 30.6 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a relatively small trade in services deficit of 1.9 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

100

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

40

80

Imports

Trade Balance

30

60

20

40 20

10

0

0

−20

−10

(na) (na)

−40

Exports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 31.1, 28.2 and 8.8 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Germany, Sweden and the Russian Federation, accounting for respectively 11.3, 10.9 and 7.9 percent of total exports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2012 at 9.5 bln US$, followed by "Computer and information services" (EBOPS code 262) at 6.0 bln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 4.0 bln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

12

13

20

20

10

09

08

07

11

20

20

20

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

05

−40 04

−100 03

−30

02

−80

03

−20

−60

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2012)

Computer & information ( 20.7 %)

Travel ( 13.8 %) Other business ( 32.8 %) Royalties & lic. fees ( 11.7 %) Remaining ( 4.9 %) Construction ( 5.2 %)

Transportation ( 11.0 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 4810 Paper and paperboard, coated on one or both sides with kaolin................................. 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 7219 Flat-rolled products of stainless steel, of a width of 600 mm or more......................... 4407 Wood sawn or chipped lengthwise, sliced or peeled................................................... 4703 Chemical wood pulp, soda or sulphate, other than dissolving grades......................... 4802 Uncoated paper and paperboard, of a kind used for writing........................................ 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 8504 Electrical transformers, static converters..................................................................... 9018 Instruments and appliances used in medical, surgical, dental or veterinary...............

170

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

74 445.4 8 880.3 5 201.3 1 508.6 2 699.2 1 892.8 1 824.5 1 725.9 580.2 1 369.4 1 099.4

74 338.8 7 724.0 5 092.1 4 223.5 2 794.3 2 045.3 1 905.8 1 619.5 1 459.7 1 321.7 1 364.1

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

59 682.3 US$/kg 3 765.9 1.0 0.9 0.6 US$/kg 4 438.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 4 828.7 US$/kg 2 433.2 3.1 2.8 2.1 US$/m3 1 722.2 264.6 273.4 218.6 US$/kg 1 783.9 0.7 0.7 0.6 US$/kg 1 231.0 0.8 0.8 0.7 1 845.3 15.1 19.7 17.6 thsd US$/unit 1 050.7 1 138.3

SITC code 334 641 931 675 248 251 641 781 771 872

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Finland Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-19.7 -27.7 -12.4 -49.6 -31.9 -18.3 -13.2 -21.6 9.0

100.0 2.4 8.8 6.8 7.7 28.2 31.1 6.5 8.5

60 174.4 4 739.3 3 849.6 7 689.9 6 876.1 6 492.7 18 795.7 6 101.5 5 629.5

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2012) Transportation ( 21.1 %)

Other business ( 39.8 %) Travel ( 16.2 %)

Remaining ( 9.5 %)

Computer & information ( 8.0 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.053)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

30

20

10

0

0 −1

0 −2

0

100.0 7.9 6.4 12.8 11.4 10.8 31.2 10.1 9.4

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.065)

Top partner

−3

0

-21.6 -14.3 -39.5 -47.8 -18.7 -22.7 -10.1 -16.6 11.4

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −4

-8.0 -2.5 -15.6 -19.4 -7.0 -9.9 -5.2 -5.6 19.1

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

40

-6.7 -9.0 -2.2 -14.3 -14.9 -9.5 -5.4 -2.9 24.2

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

59 682.3 1 443.7 5 274.9 4 036.4 4 581.8 16 857.8 18 565.9 3 850.7 5 071.0

2015 share

0%

2015

40

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 31.2, 12.8 and 11.4 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude" (HS code 2709) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the Russian Federation, Germany and Sweden, accounting for respectively 14.9, 13.4 and 11.3 percent of total imports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2012 at 12.3 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 6.5 bln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 5.0 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Royalties & lic. fees ( 5.4 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 2716 Electrical energy............................................................................................................ 7204 Ferrous waste and scrap; remelting scrap ingots of iron or steel................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

77 587.0 9 342.2 2 648.6 5 131.1 2 581.3 1 884.7 1 322.2 1 310.0 789.5 940.9 1 028.9

Source: UN Comtrade

76 773.3 8 396.7 5 021.8 4 319.5 2 651.2 1 891.3 1 414.4 1 319.4 1 117.4 1 025.3 1 193.4

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

60 174.4 US$/kg 3 994.5 0.8 0.7 0.4 5 601.6 US$/kg 2 418.8 1.0 0.9 0.6 2 460.5 20.3 21.1 18.1 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 1 718.4 139.4 142.1 127.2 1 357.9 1 148.3 269.6 279.1 275.0 US$/unit US$/kg 1 167.2 10.0 9.8 8.3 705.0 53.5 47.1 32.8 US$/MWh US$/kg 50.9 1.9 1.5 0.4

SITC code 333 931 334 781 542 764 752 784 351 282

171

France including Monaco Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2015, France became the world's fifth largest exporter of merchandise goods, climbing up two spots from 2014, and the fourth largest importer of merchandise goods, climbing up one spots from 2014. The value of merchandise exports of France increased slightly by 1.1 percent to reach 573.1 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased slightly by 1.3 percent to reach 651.5 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small deficit of 78.4 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at -49.8 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in France were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 29 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 22 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of France increased moderately by 7.6 percent, reaching 280.7 bln US$, while its imports of services increased substantially by 11.6 percent and reached 238.2 bln US$ (see graph 2). France has maintained its position as the world's fourth largest exporter and importer of services. There was a relatively small trade in services surplus of 42.5 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year)

Exports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) and "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 41.7, 16.5 and 14.5 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Other aircraft (for example, helicopters, aeroplanes); spacecraft" (HS code 8802) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Germany, the United States and Belgium, accounting for respectively 15.6, 7.0 and 6.9 percent of total exports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 113.8 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 57.4 bln US$ and "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 52.3 bln US$ (see graph 3).

15

13

14

20

20

12

20

11

20

09

08

07

10

20

20

20

20

06

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−800

20

−600

05

−400

Trade Balance

(na)

20

−200

Imports

(na)

04

0

20

200

03

400

20

600

Exports

300 250 200 150 100 50 0 −50 −100 −150 −200 −250 −300 02

Trade Balance

20

800

Imports

20

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 20.5 %) Other business ( 40.5 %) Transportation ( 18.6 %)

Remaining ( 15.4 %)

Royalties & lic. fees ( 5.0 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) Unit value 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2013 2014 2015 2013 2014 2015 Unit All Commodities............................................................................................................ 567 987.7 566 656.2 573 055.5 8802 Other aircraft (for example, helicopters, aeroplanes); spacecraft................................ 48 756.2 49 798.6 65 894.1 41.7 43.4 19.1 mln US$/unit 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 27 848.9 25 725.4 23 133.3 87.7 79.6 66.5 US$/kg 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 18 664.3 19 192.7 18 334.0 14.2 14.4 12.5 thsd US$/unit 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 17 364.5 16 771.9 14 473.0 8.8 9.0 7.7 US$/kg 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 14 396.1 13 627.2 12 215.3 0.9 0.8 0.5 US$/kg 8411 Turbo-jets, turbo-propellers and other gas turbines..................................................... 11 632.8 12 404.1 15 487.5 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 13 872.7 14 160.6 5 075.7 2204 Wine of fresh grapes, including fortified wines........................................................... 10 396.1 10 262.3 9 216.1 7.1 7.1 6.5 US$/litre 8803 Parts of goods of heading 88.01 or 88.02..................................................................... US$/kg 7 772.6 7 820.7 10 838.5 443.2 396.3 366.3 3304 Beauty or make-up preparations................................................................................... US$/kg 7 319.8 7 781.4 7 000.5 29.7 30.7 26.5 HS code

172

Source: UN Comtrade

SITC code 792 542 781 784 334 714 931 112 792 553

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

France including Monaco Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

1.1 -10.7 -14.6 -10.1 -6.4 -8.7 9.9 26.8 -59.8

100.0 10.8 2.1 3.4 16.5 9.9 41.7 14.5 1.1

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

651 495.6 52 673.7 14 495.4 68 065.9 80 749.1 70 555.5 249 464.2 114 394.8 1 097.1

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Transportation ( 23.3 %)

Other business ( 34.5 %)

Remaining ( 10.9 %)

Travel ( 20.4 %)

Computer & information ( 5.9 %) Royalties & lic. fees ( 5.1 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.049)

Top partner

25 th 10

80

60

40

20

20

40

0%

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

%

15 th

0%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

%

0 40

0 30

0 20

0 10

0

00 −1

00 −2

00

100.0 8.1 2.2 10.4 12.4 10.8 38.3 17.6 0.2

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.056)

Top partner

−3

00

-1.3 -8.2 -13.1 -29.2 -13.4 -11.3 14.0 18.1 -1.5

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −4

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

-2.3 -1.0 -8.7 -12.3 -4.7 -6.2 1.3 4.5 -1.4

60

-0.5 -3.1 -8.4 -7.2 -1.6 -5.1 2.0 7.4 -23.2

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

80

573 055.5 61 725.2 12 247.9 19 760.4 94 298.4 56 697.9 239 121.2 83 079.6 6 125.1

2015 share

0%

2015

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 38.3, 17.6 and 12.4 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude" (HS code 2709) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Germany, China and Belgium, accounting for respectively 16.4, 8.2 and 7.4 percent of total imports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 82.1 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 55.4 bln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 48.7 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) Unit value 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2013 2014 2015 2013 2014 2015 Unit All Commodities............................................................................................................ 671 253.6 659 872.1 651 495.6 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 45 645.0 38 874.2 22 874.3 0.8 0.8 0.4 US$/kg 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 29 712.2 30 969.1 31 097.6 17.8 18.8 16.0 thsd US$/unit 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 35 165.8 32 474.2 21 588.6 0.9 0.9 0.5 US$/kg 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 24 777.4 20 835.0 20 313.7 0.6 0.6 0.4 US$/kg 8803 Parts of goods of heading 88.01 or 88.02..................................................................... 15 774.5 16 581.1 24 979.6 277.0 299.5 434.1 US$/kg 8802 Other aircraft (for example, helicopters, aeroplanes); spacecraft................................ 14 034.0 12 987.9 29 533.3 35.8 16.6 1.0 mln US$/unit 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 18 298.2 18 290.5 15 853.5 84.3 73.3 65.9 US$/kg 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 12 778.1 13 195.6 12 362.5 7.7 8.3 7.2 US$/kg 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 11 594.5 11 645.7 11 364.4 8411 Turbo-jets, turbo-propellers and other gas turbines..................................................... 9 081.3 9 113.2 13 600.3 HS code

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Source: UN Comtrade

SITC code 333 781 334 343 792 792 542 784 764 714

173

French Polynesia Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of French Polynesia increased substantially by 12.3 percent to reach 170.1 mln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased slightly by 2.9 percent to reach 1.8 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 1.6 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at -687.1 mln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in French Polynesia were moderately concentrated amongst partners; imports were diversified. The top 5 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 10 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2013, the value of exports of services of French Polynesia decreased slightly by 0.2 percent, reaching 1.1 bln US$, while its imports of services decreased slightly by 1.9 percent and reached 496.0 mln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services surplus of 590.0 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year)

Exports Profile: "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 57.5, 15.4 and 15.0 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Pearls, natural or cultured" (HS code 7101) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Japan, China, Hong Kong SAR and the United States, accounting for respectively 28.3, 27.9 and 14.3 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2013 at 458.0 mln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 322.1 mln US$ and "Government services, n.i.e." (EBOPS code 291) at 223.3 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

12

13

20

20

10

09

08

07

11

20

20

20

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−2.5

06

−2

20

−1.5

05

−1

Trade Balance

(na) (na)

20

(na)

−0.5

Imports

(na) (na)

04

(na)

0

20

1 0.5

03

1.5

20

2

Exports

1.4 1.2 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 −0.2 −0.4 −0.6 −0.8 −1 −1.2 −1.4 02

Trade Balance

20

2.5

Imports

20

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013) Transportation ( 29.7 %) Travel ( 42.2 %)

Remaining ( 7.6 %)

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 20.6 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 7101 Pearls, natural or cultured............................................................................................. 0302 Fish, fresh or chilled, excluding fish fillets.................................................................... 8802 Other aircraft (for example, helicopters, aeroplanes); spacecraft................................ 1513 Coconut (copra), palm kernel or babassu oil................................................................. 2007 Jams, fruit jellies, marmalades, fruit or nut pastes...................................................... 0905 Vanilla............................................................................................................................ 0508 Coral and similar materials, unworked or simply prepared.......................................... 0304 Fish fillets and other fish meat (whether or not minced).............................................. 7112 Waste and scrap of precious metal or of metal clad with precious metal................... 3304 Beauty or make-up preparations...................................................................................

174

Source: UN Comtrade

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

139.0 76.2 9.6 0.6 7.7 5.4 3.2 2.9 3.9 3.7 2.6

151.5 86.6 7.9 6.7 4.7 4.1 3.5 4.3 3.5 4.2 2.4

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

170.1 6.6 thsd US$/kg 96.7 5.3 US$/kg 9.7 9.0 8.7 8.9 15.3 5.1 mln US$/unit US$/kg 5.4 1.1 0.8 1.1 US$/kg 4.9 3.0 3.1 3.1 US$/kg 4.1 188.1 201.2 230.3 US$/kg 3.1 1.1 1.4 1.4 US$/kg 2.5 12.6 13.6 10.7 1.2 31.0 25.4 18.9 thsd US$/kg US$/kg 2.9 9.3 9.9 9.7

SITC code 667 034 792 422 058 075 291 034 971 553

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

French Polynesia Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2.7 6.6 2.0 -32.7 6.6 3.7 -1.3 -12.1 496.9

12.3 6.9 -5.0 -56.5 24.1 10.0 87.3 5.4 -75.4

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

100.0 15.0 5.9 0.0 2.2 57.5 15.4 3.3 0.9

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

1 761.7 437.5 32.7 277.6 175.5 191.5 443.2 203.3 0.4

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013)

Transportation ( 42.5 %)

Remaining ( 8.7 %)

Travel ( 31.5 %)

Other business ( 11.4 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.191)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

40

80

0

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

0

00 −1

00 −2

00 −3

00 −4

00 −5

00 −6

00

100.0 24.8 1.9 15.8 10.0 10.9 25.2 11.5 0.0

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.119)

Top partner

−7

00

-2.9 2.2 0.1 -10.6 -1.0 -3.8 -5.0 1.3 279.5

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −8

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Mln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014) Imports

0.5 2.4 1.6 5.5 0.6 -1.5 -2.1 -1.3 20.9

60

170.1 25.4 10.0 0.0 3.7 97.7 26.2 5.6 1.5

2014 share

0%

2014

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 25.2, 24.8 and 15.8 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were France, China and the United States, accounting for respectively 24.9, 10.0 and 10.0 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2013 at 210.6 mln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 156.2 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 56.4 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Communication ( 6.0 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 0207 Meat and edible offal, of the poultry of heading 01.05................................................ 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 1905 Bread, pastry, cakes, biscuits and other bakers'wares................................................. 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 0202 Meat of bovine animals, frozen..................................................................................... 0201 Meat of bovine animals, fresh or chilled...................................................................... 8901 Cruise ships, excursion boats, ferry-boats, cargo ships, barges...................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

1 706.3 279.0 63.9 64.9 32.0 27.8 27.5 25.0 22.8 23.1 21.0

Source: UN Comtrade

1 814.8 292.1 69.0 70.9 32.9 29.6 26.4 28.6 22.8 22.8 46.2

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

1 761.7 US$/kg 257.6 1.0 1.0 1.0 18.9 16.7 thsd US$/unit 73.1 US$/kg 69.9 58.8 63.5 63.7 US$/kg 33.3 2.3 2.2 2.1 27.4 US$/kg 28.4 5.6 5.7 5.7 23.8 214.7 US$/unit US$/kg 25.2 5.2 5.4 5.6 US$/kg 21.4 9.6 9.7 9.9 ...

SITC code 334 781 542 012 764 048 752 011 011 793

175

Gambia Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of the Gambia decreased slightly by 2.1 percent to reach 103.9 mln US$, while its merchandise imports increased substantially by 10.6 percent to reach 387.2 mln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 283.3 mln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at -98.3 mln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in the Gambia were moderately concentrated amongst partners; imports were diversified. The top 4 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 14 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2012, the value of exports of services of the Gambia increased moderately by 5.4 percent, reaching 151.5 mln US$, while its imports of services increased substantially by 17.3 percent and reached 80.3 mln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services surplus of 71.2 mln US$. See footnote*.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Mln US$ by year)

(Mln US$ by year) Exports

400

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

200

300

150

200

100

100

Imports

Trade Balance

50 (na)

(na)

(na) (na) (na)

(na)

(na) (na) (na)

Exports Profile: "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 62.0, 17.8 and 10.0 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Woven fabrics of artificial filament yarn" (HS code 5408) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Mali, Guinea and Senegal, accounting for respectively 34.9, 28.6 and 16.0 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2012 at 87.6 mln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 50.4 mln US$ and "Insurance services" (EBOPS code 253) at 9.1 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

12

11

10

09

08

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

07

20

05

06

20

20

04

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

08

−200 07

−400 06

−150

05

−300

04

−100

03

−200

02

−50

20

(na)

−100

03

0

20

0

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2012) Travel ( 57.9 %)

Transportation ( 33.3 %) Remaining ( 2.9 %) Insurance ( 6.0 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 5408 Woven fabrics of artificial filament yarn...................................................................... 0801 Coconuts, Brazil nuts and cashew nuts, fresh or dried................................................. 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 0402 Milk and cream, concentrated or containing added sugar........................................... 4401 Fuel wood, in logs, in billets, in twigs, in faggots or in similar forms.......................... 6309 Worn clothing and other worn articles......................................................................... 8429 Self-propelled bulldozers, angledozers, graders, levellers, scrapers........................... 4408 Sheets for veneering..................................................................................................... 1701 Cane or beet sugar and chemically pure sucrose, in solid form................................... 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods....................................................................

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

118.8 58.3 3.0 6.3 5.1 0.4 5.1 0.1 5.7 1.8 0.2

106.2 67.3 5.3 2.3 2.5 0.1 1.3 1.3 0.4 3.3 3.7

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

103.9 US$/kg 60.9 1.8 9.0 4.9 US$/kg 0.9 0.4 0.4 1.0 US$/kg 1.3 3.0 2.6 2.0 US$/kg 7.5 0.1 0.1 0.1 US$/kg 1.3 4.3 2.7 3.3 5.2 58.9 54.7 472.5 thsd US$/unit 0.0 US$/kg 1.0 0.8 1.2 1.2 2.0 63.8 thsd US$/unit

SITC code 653 057 334 022 246 269 723 634 061 782

*As of 2009, merchandise trade includes re-exports.

176

Source: UN Comtrade

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Gambia Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

-2.1 -6.0 63.4 -63.0 -53.7 -6.4 27.6 -59.0

100.0 17.8 10.0 0.8 0.3 62.0 8.5 0.5

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

387.2 130.4 33.5 82.4 13.9 45.7 59.4 21.9 0.0

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2012) Transportation ( 65.2 %)

Insurance ( 21.7 %) Remaining ( 3.1 %) Travel ( 10.1 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.24)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

0%

5 th

10

80

60

40

0

20

0

0

−2

0

−4

0

−6

−8

00

20

100.0 33.7 8.6 21.3 3.6 11.8 15.4 5.7 0.0

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.081)

Top partner

−1

10.6 15.2 45.2 -0.3 -1.7 18.3 0.9 11.4 -98.9

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −1

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Mln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014) Imports

8.1 11.5 10.4 9.0 7.5 3.6 4.9 5.6 -87.7

%

11.1 -0.6 -16.9 -24.4 5.1 38.0 51.6 -43.6

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

40

103.9 18.5 10.4 0.9 0.4 64.5 8.9 0.5

2014 share

60

2014

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 33.7, 21.3 and 15.4 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Côte d’Ivoire, Brazil and China, accounting for respectively 23.4, 9.6 and 7.9 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2012 at 52.3 mln US$, followed by "Insurance services" (EBOPS code 253) at 17.4 mln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 8.1 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 1006 Rice................................................................................................................................ 1701 Cane or beet sugar and chemically pure sucrose, in solid form................................... 1515 Other fixed vegetable fats and oils............................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 2523 Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement....................................................... 1101 Wheat or meslin flour.................................................................................................... 1001 Wheat and meslin......................................................................................................... 5408 Woven fabrics of artificial filament yarn...................................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06)..............................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

380.0 102.5 44.2 16.6 18.0 20.5 12.9 14.1 0.0 7.5 5.0

Source: UN Comtrade

350.2 82.4 31.7 27.2 16.6 22.2 10.3 18.7 5.2 7.4 3.4

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

387.2 82.0 1.1 1.0 46.4 0.5 0.4 26.2 0.3 0.4 27.3 0.4 0.4 17.7 18.4 18.1 12.8 0.1 0.1 1.5 0.2 0.4 22.6 0.1 1.6 7.8 5.6 7.4

0.9 0.3 0.2 0.5

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg thsd US$/unit US$/kg 0.3 US$/kg 0.3 US$/kg 0.7 US$/kg

SITC code 334 042 061 42 781 661 046 041 653 542

177

Georgia Goods Imports: CIF, by consignment

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Georgia decreased substantially by 23.0 percent to reach 2.2 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 10.1 percent to reach 7.7 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 5.5 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at -1.8 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Georgia were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 18 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 18 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Georgia increased slightly by 1.8 percent, reaching 3.0 bln US$, while its imports of services increased moderately by 7.7 percent and reached 1.7 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services surplus of 1.3 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year)

Exports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 27.2, 15.3 and 14.5 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport" (HS code 8703) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Azerbaijan, Armenia and the Russian Federation, accounting for respectively 18.7, 9.4 and 7.6 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 1.8 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 967.1 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

12

11

10

09

13

20

20

20

20

20

08

20

07

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−10

20

−8

06

−6

(na)

20

−4

Trade Balance

(na)

05

−2

Imports

20

0

04

2

20

4

03

6

20

8

Exports

3.5 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 −0.5 −1 −1.5 −2 −2.5 −3 −3.5 02

Trade Balance

20

10

Imports

20

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 59.2 %)

Transportation ( 32.0 %) Remaining ( 8.8 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 7202 Ferro-alloys.................................................................................................................... 2603 Copper ores and concentrates....................................................................................... 0802 Other nuts, fresh or dried, whether or not shelled or peeled....................................... 2204 Wine of fresh grapes, including fortified wines........................................................... 3102 Mineral or chemical fertilisers, nitrogenous................................................................. 2201 Waters, including natural or artificial mineral waters.................................................. 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 2208 Alcohol of a strength by volume of less than 80 % vol................................................ 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)...................................................................

178

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

2 909.5 703.8 230.7 161.6 166.7 127.9 130.6 106.9 52.1 99.8 73.3

2 860.7 517.8 285.8 248.0 183.4 180.4 137.6 137.1 92.1 95.2 39.3

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

2 203.6 179.6 9.6 11.4 9.9 thsd US$/unit 194.5 US$/kg 270.6 1.3 1.3 1.1 US$/kg 176.4 5.5 9.2 9.1 95.8 3.6 3.9 3.5 US$/litre US$/kg 109.8 0.3 0.3 0.2 82.2 0.8 0.9 0.8 US$/litre US$/kg 140.7 23.6 33.3 42.3 64.9 8.7 10.1 8.0 US$/litre 62.1 17.1 17.3 20.2 thsd US$/kg

SITC code 781 671 283 057 112 562 111 542 112 971

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Georgia Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

0.2 12.1 2.5 17.1 8.0 -4.7 -16.1 26.0 -19.4

-23.0 -26.3 3.1 76.4 6.1 -37.0 -55.3 0.9 46.3

100.0 27.2 15.3 6.2 14.4 14.5 13.4 5.9 3.1

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

7 724.4 1 004.9 397.5 1 243.2 1 284.7 1 145.0 1 891.6 714.4 43.1

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance

100.0 13.0 5.1 16.1 16.6 14.8 24.5 9.2 0.6

Trade balance

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.061)

(% share in 2014) Transportation ( 55.6 %) Travel ( 17.8 %)

Insurance ( 8.4 %) Remaining ( 5.9 %)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

10

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.052)

5 th

1

0.5

0

.5 −0

−1

−1

.5

Top partner

%

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania

40

Exports

−2

-10.1 -17.5 3.6 -13.2 40.5 -14.4 -22.5 -12.7 -9.6

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015)

Imports

.5

2.4 6.1 18.6 -0.4 18.6 1.4 -1.3 1.2 -41.7

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015)

−2

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

60

2 203.6 598.3 338.1 135.8 317.0 320.5 295.3 130.6 68.1

2015 share

80

2015

0%

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) and "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 24.5, 16.6 and 16.1 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Turkey, China and Ukraine, accounting for respectively 18.3, 7.9 and 6.6 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 932.7 mln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 298.5 mln US$ and "Insurance services" (EBOPS code 253) at 141.7 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 6.5 %) Other business ( 5.7 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 2603 Copper ores and concentrates....................................................................................... 1001 Wheat and meslin......................................................................................................... 2402 Cigars, cheroots, cigarillos and cigarettes.................................................................... 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 7308 Structures (excluding prefabricated buildings of heading 94.06).................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

8 011.1 954.3 710.5 280.7 316.7 152.5 113.1 184.8 95.7 90.6 65.4

Source: UN Comtrade

8 593.3 918.4 715.1 314.6 368.5 195.5 165.3 151.8 115.5 104.1 90.8

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

7 724.4 US$/kg 657.4 1.0 0.9 0.5 461.3 8.7 7.4 5.5 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 745.4 34.6 33.6 73.1 US$/kg 419.4 0.6 0.6 0.5 148.9 US$/kg 207.9 1.5 0.8 1.2 US$/kg 118.7 0.3 0.3 0.2 US$/kg 103.6 12.5 12.8 11.9 58.8 98.6 111.1 88.5 US$/unit US$/kg 63.5 2.4 2.5 1.9

SITC code 334 781 542 343 764 283 041 122 752 691

179

Germany Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Germany decreased substantially by 11.1 percent to reach 1331.2 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 13.1 percent to reach 1056.3 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). Germany was the third largest trader in the World in 2015, behind China and US. The merchandise trade balance recorded a moderate surplus of 274.9 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at 162.9 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Germany were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 21 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 20 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Germany increased slightly by 4.5 percent, reaching 285.4 bln US$, while its imports of services increased slightly by 2.6 percent and reached 312.5 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a relatively small trade in services deficit of 27.1 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year)

Exports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 48.0, 14.9 and 11.7 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport" (HS code 8703) (see table 1). Germany is the World's largest exporter of this commodity. The top three destinations for merchandise exports were France, the United States and the United Kingdom, accounting for respectively 8.9, 8.7 and 7.0 percent of total exports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 107.1 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 56.1 bln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 43.3 bln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

13

20

12

20

10

09

11

20

20

20

07

08

20

20

06

20

05

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−1500

20

−1000

Trade Balance

(na)

04

−500

Imports

(na)

20

0

03

500

20

1000

Exports

350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 −50 −100 −150 −200 −250 −300 −350 02

Trade Balance

20

1500

Imports

20

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Transportation ( 19.7 %)

Other business ( 37.5 %)

Travel ( 15.2 %)

Remaining ( 13.5 %)

Computer & information ( 8.9 %) Financial ( 5.3 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 8802 Other aircraft (for example, helicopters, aeroplanes); spacecraft................................ 3002 Human blood; animal blood prepared for therapeutic uses.......................................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8409 Parts suitable for use with the engines of heading 84................................................. 8479 Machines and mechanical appliances having individual functions.............................. 9018 Instruments and appliances used in medical, surgical, dental or veterinary...............

180

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (billion US$) 2014 2015

1 451.0 148.6 65.8 56.1 48.5 34.8 20.8 18.4 14.8 13.7 13.8

1 498.2 160.3 72.1 60.3 51.6 33.9 22.3 18.1 15.5 14.3 14.0

1 331.2 152.7 76.5 53.3 48.9 34.0 22.1 12.4 13.5 12.9 12.6

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

SITC code

19.7 19.1 19.5 thsd US$/unit 781 10.6 10.9 9.4 80.9 86.5 79.1

US$/kg US$/kg

1.0 1.0 1.0 thsd US$/kg US$/kg 1.0 1.0 0.6 US$/kg 14.5 15.1 12.7

931 784 542 792 541 334 713 728 872

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Germany Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-2.7 -2.3 -9.4 -4.0 -1.7 -5.9 -2.1 -2.6 0.3

-11.1 -15.9 -20.4 -16.2 -11.7 -15.8 -10.2 -11.8 4.5

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

100.0 5.2 1.7 2.1 14.9 11.7 48.0 10.2 6.1

1 056 340.5 73 760.3 38 994.7 97 251.4 138 740.4 132 537.5 371 832.7 136 060.1 67 163.5

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Other business ( 26.7 %)

Travel ( 29.9 %)

Remaining ( 13.4 %)

Transportation ( 23.5 %)

Computer & information ( 6.6 %)

Top partner

0% 10

80

60

40

20

20

40

80

%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

0%

15 th

%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

00

0

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.045)

5 th

10

80

0 60

0 40

0 20

0

00 −2

00 −4

00 −6

00

100.0 7.0 3.7 9.2 13.1 12.5 35.2 12.9 6.4

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.045)

Top partner

(% share in 2014)

-13.1 -13.9 -20.5 -34.3 -10.7 -15.4 -9.8 -9.0 14.7

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −8

-4.3 -2.6 -9.5 -12.6 -3.2 -6.2 -2.8 -0.7 -0.4

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

60

1 331 193.7 68 765.8 22 324.3 28 276.3 198 978.8 156 167.4 639 033.9 136 421.7 81 225.5

2015 share

0%

2015

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) and "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 35.2, 13.1 and 12.9 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude" (HS code 2709) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the Netherlands, China and France, accounting for respectively 9.6, 9.0 and 7.2 percent of total imports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 93.3 bln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 83.5 bln US$ and "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 73.3 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 8802 Other aircraft (for example, helicopters, aeroplanes); spacecraft................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (billion US$) 2014 2015

1 187.3 75.7 48.5 41.1 43.2 35.4 36.9 24.2 18.1 19.3 18.4

Source: UN Comtrade

1 215.0 65.7 53.0 46.5 37.8 37.9 33.0 26.3 21.5 20.1 19.7

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

1 056.3 US$/kg 36.4 0.8 0.8 0.4 61.6 45.5 17.6 17.7 19.0 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 32.0 0.5 0.4 0.3 US$/kg 34.1 8.4 8.4 7.4 US$/kg 20.4 1.0 0.9 0.5 US$/kg 24.2 90.8 99.5 90.3 21.1 19.9 16.2

SITC code 333 931 781 343 784 334 542 752 764 792

181

Ghana Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2013, the value of merchandise exports of Ghana decreased substantially by 19.8 percent to reach 12.6 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased moderately by 5.8 percent to reach 12.8 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small deficit of 143.3 mln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Sub-Saharan Africa at 2.8 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Ghana were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 10 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 21 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Ghana decreased substantially by 16.7 percent, reaching 2.0 bln US$, while its imports of services decreased moderately by 5.4 percent and reached 4.6 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services deficit of 2.6 bln US$. See footnote*.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

20

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

5

Imports

Trade Balance

4

15

3

10

2

5 (na)

1

(na) (na)

0

(na)

0 (na) (na)

(na)

−1

−5

−2

−10

Exports Profile: "Not classified elsewhere in the SITC" (SITC section 9), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2013, representing respectively 42.6, 24.7 and 16.3 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2011 to 2013, the largest export commodity was "Gold (including gold plated with platinum)" (HS code 7108) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were South Africa, Togo and the United Arab Emirates, accounting for respectively 22.6, 11.9 and 9.2 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 896.8 mln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 616.0 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 429.7 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

12

11

10

09

08

07

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

13

20

20

20

09

08

07

06

05

10

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

04

−5 03

−20 02

−4

03

−3

−15

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Transportation ( 30.1 %)

Travel ( 43.9 %)

Remaining ( 5.0 %)

Other business ( 21.0 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2011 to 2013 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 1801 Cocoa beans, whole or broken, raw or roasted............................................................ 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 0801 Coconuts, Brazil nuts and cashew nuts, fresh or dried................................................. 0714 Manioc, arrowroot, sweet potatoes and similar roots................................................. 3304 Beauty or make-up preparations................................................................................... 4407 Wood sawn or chipped lengthwise, sliced or peeled................................................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 2602 Manganese ores and concentrates...............................................................................

2011

Value (million US$) 2012 2013

18 146.7 4 836.6 2 862.0 2 071.6 4 330.8 512.4 422.0 78.2 127.8 76.1 107.4

15 761.2 7 093.2 3 683.9 1 967.8 620.2 160.8 11.2 124.8 79.7 214.8 104.3

Unit value 2011 2012 2013 Unit

12 643.9 5 364.6 41.7 31.7 38.4 thsd US$/kg US$/kg 3 015.4 0.7 0.6 0.5 US$/kg 1 380.5 3.3 3.4 2.6 US$/kg 10.6 2.2 US$/kg 417.8 3.2 1.4 2.2 US$/kg 19.7 0.5 0.8 US$/kg 238.5 6.0 59.0 151.0 231.2 US$/kg 101.6 1.0 1.4 134.6

SITC code 971 333 072 343 057 054 553 248 334 287

*In 2011, Ghana exported crude petroleum & natural gas in large quantities.

182

Source: UN Comtrade

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Ghana Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2009-2013 2012-2013

-19.8 -15.9 29.1 -31.5 66.8 5.3 16.1 9.9 -24.0

100.0 16.3 6.1 24.7 3.3 4.2 1.7 1.0 42.6

12 787.2 1 986.5 308.8 471.9 1 650.6 2 398.0 5 057.1 795.1 119.4

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance

18.6 19.0 14.4 24.5 17.3 17.4 20.6 20.8 -11.7

Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Transportation ( 34.7 %)

Other business ( 35.4 %)

Remaining ( 2.5 %) Travel ( 9.9 %)

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 17.5 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.099)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

0%

5 th

10

4

3

2

1

0

−1

−2

100.0 15.5 2.4 3.7 12.9 18.8 39.5 6.2 0.9

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.062)

Top partner

−3

-5.8 12.9 -4.5 -14.3 -5.8 -10.2 -11.8 2.1 1379.7

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2013) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −4

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2013 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2013) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2009-2013 2012-2013

2013

%

25.7 13.0 37.1 143.6 53.1 17.8 28.6 1.2 16.3

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

40

12 643.9 2 059.1 771.3 3 128.7 417.7 532.7 220.7 121.8 5 391.9

2013 share

60

2013

5

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2013, representing respectively 39.5, 18.8 and 15.5 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2011 to 2013, the largest import commodity was "Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport" (HS code 8703) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were China, the United States and Belgium, accounting for respectively 17.3, 10.6 and 6.8 percent of total imports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 1.6 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 1.6 bln US$ and "Government services, n.i.e." (EBOPS code 291) at 813.7 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2011 to 2013 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 1006 Rice................................................................................................................................ 2523 Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement....................................................... 3808 Insecticides, rodenticides, fungicides, herbicides........................................................ 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 8429 Self-propelled bulldozers, angledozers, graders, levellers, scrapers........................... 0303 Fish, frozen, excluding fish fillets and other fish meat of heading 03.04..................... 0207 Meat and edible offal, of the poultry of heading 01.05................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2011

Value (million US$) 2012 2013

12 602.7 860.4 628.0 787.7 390.6 308.0 370.9 400.3 219.4 237.1 178.1

Source: UN Comtrade

13 578.1 1 070.9 802.7 430.7 356.3 353.6 336.6 291.0 358.7 216.2 188.0

Unit value 2011 2012 2013 Unit

12 787.2 19.7 19.2 thsd US$/unit 1 093.0 612.2 308.7 US$/kg 421.3 0.7 0.7 0.7 US$/kg 303.5 0.1 0.1 US$/kg 241.2 5.0 4.3 4.0 193.5 thsd US$/unit 286.0 62.1 US$/kg 257.8 0.8 1.0 1.1 US$/kg 200.4 1.1 1.2 1.2

SITC code 781 782 333 042 661 591 764 723 034 012

183

Greece Goods Imports: CIF, by origin/consignment for intra-eu

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Greece decreased substantially by 20.9 percent to reach 28.3 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 24.0 percent to reach 47.3 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a moderate deficit of 19.0 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at -10.5 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Greece were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 27 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 19 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Greece increased moderately by 6.5 percent, reaching 41.1 bln US$, while its imports of services increased substantially by 10.2 percent and reached 16.6 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services surplus of 24.4 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year)

14

15 20

13

20

12

20

10

09

11

20

20

20

07

08

20

20

05

06

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

−50 04

−100

Trade Balance

(na)

03

−40

Imports

(na)

02

−30

−80

15

−60

14

−20

13

−40

12

−10

11

−20

10

0

09

0

08

10

07

20

20

06

40

05

30

04

60

03

40

02

80

Exports Profile: "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 29.8, 17.6 and 16.0 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Turkey, Italy and Germany, accounting for respectively 10.5, 9.7 and 6.7 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 17.8 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 17.4 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 2.2 bln US$ (see graph 3).

Exports

50

20

Trade Balance

20

100

Imports

20

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Travel ( 43.3 %)

Transportation ( 42.4 %)

Remaining ( 9.0 %)

Other business ( 5.3 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 7606 Aluminium plates, sheets and strip, of a thickness exceeding 0.2 mm........................ 1509 Olive oil and its fractions............................................................................................... 0302 Fish, fresh or chilled, excluding fish fillets.................................................................... 2005 Other vegetables prepared or preserved....................................................................... 0406 Cheese and curd............................................................................................................ 7411 Copper tubes and pipes................................................................................................. 5201 Cotton, not carded or combed.......................................................................................

184

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

36 261.6 13 639.5 1 284.3 699.4 661.0 656.5 582.6 449.0 394.8 429.5 492.1

35 755.4 13 212.3 1 263.6 724.0 723.7 345.9 578.3 467.1 443.5 419.8 410.0

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

28 289.2 7 973.1 0.9 0.8 0.5 1 030.1 58.5 49.1 39.0 631.5 631.2 3.7 3.5 3.3 702.5 3.9 4.7 4.0 511.1 6.0 6.7 5.9 433.5 3.0 3.5 2.6 413.9 7.5 7.6 6.3 398.9 8.3 7.6 6.3 326.6 1.9 1.7 1.5

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

SITC code 334 542 931 684 421 034 056 024 682 263

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Greece Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-20.9 -12.5 7.3 -38.7 -15.5 -8.6 -4.4 -15.9 -13.0

100.0 17.6 6.8 29.8 10.5 16.0 10.1 6.8 2.4

47 264.0 6 122.6 1 490.8 12 600.5 7 378.9 5 162.1 9 474.2 4 920.4 114.6

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance

-8.2 -7.0 -10.0 -11.6 -7.1 -8.1 -5.5 -7.0 46.0

Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Transportation ( 49.9 %)

Travel ( 16.6 %)

Insurance ( 9.2 %)

Remaining ( 15.2 %)

Other business ( 9.2 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.041)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

0%

5 th

10

10

5

0

−5

0 −1

5 −1

0 −2

100.0 13.0 3.2 26.7 15.6 10.9 20.0 10.4 0.2

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.047)

Top partner

5

-24.0 -16.2 -21.9 -41.0 -14.3 -16.7 -13.8 -14.9 303.4

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −2

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

%

-4.1 -2.8 0.8 -4.9 -3.1 -6.5 -2.0 -4.5 -8.4

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

40

28 289.2 4 978.6 1 924.5 8 430.9 2 972.4 4 522.9 2 865.4 1 928.1 666.3

2015 share

60

2015

15

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 26.7, 20.0 and 15.6 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude" (HS code 2709) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the Russian Federation, Germany and Iraq, accounting for respectively 11.1, 10.0 and 7.8 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 8.3 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 2.8 bln US$ and "Insurance services" (EBOPS code 253) at 1.5 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 8901 Cruise ships, excursion boats, ferry-boats, cargo ships, barges................................... 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 0203 Meat of swine, fresh, chilled or frozen......................................................................... 0406 Cheese and curd............................................................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

61 148.1 16 052.2 4 371.4 2 953.5 1 579.0 1 894.3 787.1 691.6 430.4 576.8 568.9

Source: UN Comtrade

62 180.6 14 928.0 4 473.2 2 865.4 2 390.2 1 263.2 1 117.3 690.0 798.2 566.4 578.7

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

SITC code

47 264.0 US$/kg 333 8 070.3 0.8 0.7 0.4 US$/kg 334 3 031.8 0.8 0.7 0.4 US$/kg 542 2 380.5 116.1 98.0 77.5 1 696.3 1.0 2.1 7.1 mln US$/unit 793 US$/kg 343 844.2 0.7 0.6 0.4 1 023.5 7.6 6.5 7.5 thsd US$/unit 781 764 723.2 752 744.6 97.4 154.9 131.5 US$/unit US$/kg 012 438.6 2.9 2.9 2.2 US$/kg 024 430.6 5.0 4.9 3.6

185

Greenland Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Greenland decreased substantially by 26.9 percent to reach 394.9 mln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 23.7 percent to reach 586.2 mln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a moderate deficit of 191.3 mln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at -168.0 mln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Greenland were highly concentrated amongst partners; imports were also highly concentrated. The top 1 partner accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 2 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2006, the value of exports of services of Greenland decreased moderately by 9.8 percent, reaching 203.0 mln US$, while its imports of services increased moderately by 6.4 percent and reached 315.1 mln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services deficit of 112.1 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Mln US$ by year)

(Mln US$ by year) Exports

1000

Imports

Trade Balance

800

Exports

400

Imports

Trade Balance

300

600

200

400 200

100

0

0

−200

−100

(na) (na) (na) (na) (na) (na) (na) (na) (na) (na) (na) (na) (na) (na) (na) (na) (na) (na)

−400

Exports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Not classified elsewhere in the SITC" (SITC section 9) and "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 89.7, 9.1 and 0.5 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Fish, frozen, excluding fish fillets and other fish meat of heading 03.04" (HS code 0303) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Denmark, Portugal and Areas nes, accounting for respectively 82.3, 5.6 and 5.0 percent of total exports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2006 at 169.0 mln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 13.5 mln US$ and "Communications services" (EBOPS code 245) at 11.7 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

12

11

13

20

20

20

09

08

07

10

20

20

20

20

05

06

20

20

04

20

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

05

−400 04

−1000 03

−300

02

−800

03

−200

−600

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2006)

Transportation ( 83.3 %)

Remaining ( 4.3 %) Communication ( 5.8 %)

Travel ( 6.7 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 0303 Fish, frozen, excluding fish fillets and other fish meat of heading 03.04..................... 0306 Crustaceans, whether in shell or not............................................................................ 1605 Crustaceans, molluscs and other aquatic invertebrates, prepared or preserved......... 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 0304 Fish fillets and other fish meat (whether or not minced).............................................. 0305 Fish, dried, salted or in brine......................................................................................... 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 0302 Fish, fresh or chilled, excluding fish fillets.................................................................... 8902 Fishing vessels; factory ships and other vessels for processing.................................. 0307 Molluscs, whether in shell or not..................................................................................

186

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

490.1 128.9 120.2 120.4 50.6 28.2 14.1 12.2 1.9 5.3 1.3

540.5 203.2 133.5 114.0 39.3 28.7 9.8 0.0 2.2 ... 1.8

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

394.9 US$/kg 131.6 1.8 1.8 2.0 US$/kg 100.7 3.2 3.4 3.3 US$/kg 72.5 6.4 7.0 6.3 35.9 US$/kg 39.1 5.6 5.1 4.8 US$/kg 7.1 7.5 5.3 4.6 thsd US$/kg ... 38.9 15.0 1.6 ... US$/kg 1.2 9.2 12.0 10.2

SITC code 034 036 037 931 034 035 971 034 793 036

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Greenland Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-26.9 -28.3 -72.5 380.7 8.7 -56.1 -2.1 14.0 -8.7

100.0 89.7 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.5 9.1

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

586.2 148.6 8.4 53.4 49.0 90.1 141.4 70.7 24.5

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2006) Personal, cultural & rec ( 17.6 %)

Travel ( 41.4 %) Other business ( 17.5 %)

Remaining ( 13.2 %)

Transportation ( 10.3 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.677)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

40

0

0

30

0

20

10

0

00

00

−1

−2

00 −3

00

00

−4

00

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.547)

Top partner

−5

100.0 25.4 1.4 9.1 8.4 15.4 24.1 12.1 4.2

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −6

-23.7 -14.4 -20.3 -66.7 -10.6 -7.7 -9.5 -19.2 -11.4

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Mln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

-12.4 -4.7 -6.1 -30.2 -2.2 -7.3 -16.1 -7.7 1.9

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

40

-5.3 -4.1 -14.7 -8.4 -6.6 -28.4 -45.6 -0.7 -8.3

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

394.9 354.2 0.8 0.0 0.0 0.6 1.4 2.1 35.9

2015 share

0%

2015

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 25.4, 24.1 and 15.4 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Denmark, Sweden and China, accounting for respectively 66.4, 18.6 and 2.6 percent of total imports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2006 at 130.4 mln US$, followed by "Personal, cultural, and recreational services" (EBOPS code 287) at 55.5 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 55.1 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 8803 Parts of goods of heading 88.01 or 88.02..................................................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 1905 Bread, pastry, cakes, biscuits and other bakers'wares................................................. 9403 Other furniture and parts thereof.................................................................................. 8429 Self-propelled bulldozers, angledozers, graders, levellers, scrapers........................... 0203 Meat of swine, fresh, chilled or frozen......................................................................... 7324 Sanitary ware and parts thereof, of iron or steel..........................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

822.1 195.5 27.8 17.7 13.0 14.6 12.8 13.6 5.8 8.8 9.1

Source: UN Comtrade

768.3 159.4 27.7 17.8 14.5 12.0 12.9 11.8 9.8 9.2 9.0

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

586.2 US$/kg 51.7 1.1 1.0 0.7 24.5 US$/kg 17.2 63.8 63.6 46.7 US$/kg 17.1 438.4 486.3 699.5 10.6 US$/kg 10.9 5.8 5.8 4.9 8.5 11.3 74.8 74.6 134.0 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 8.1 6.3 6.5 5.5 US$/kg 7.2 12.8 10.6 9.5

SITC code 334 931 542 792 764 048 821 723 012 697

187

Guatemala Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Guatemala decreased slightly by 0.9 percent to reach 10.8 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased slightly by 3.5 percent to reach 17.6 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a moderate deficit of 6.8 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed North America at -2.5 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Guatemala were moderately concentrated amongst partners; imports were also moderately concentrated. The top 12 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 11 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Guatemala increased moderately by 8.1 percent, reaching 2.7 bln US$, while its imports of services increased substantially by 10.1 percent and reached 2.9 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a relatively small trade in services deficit of 138.8 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year)

Exports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) and "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 39.7, 16.8 and 13.5 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Cane or beet sugar and chemically pure sucrose, in solid form" (HS code 1701) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were the United States, El Salvador and Honduras, accounting for respectively 36.8, 11.4 and 8.1 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 1.6 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 383.3 mln US$ and "Communications services" (EBOPS code 245) at 343.0 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

13

20

11

12

20

20

09

08

10

20

20

20

07

20

06

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−20

20

−15

05

−10

Trade Balance

(na)

20

−5

Imports

(na)

04

0

20

5

03

10

20

15

Exports

3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 −0.5 −1 −1.5 −2 −2.5 −3 02

Trade Balance

20

20

Imports

20

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 57.2 %) Transportation ( 14.0 %)

Remaining ( 3.9 %) Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 5.1 %)

Communication ( 12.5 %) Other business ( 7.2 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 1701 Cane or beet sugar and chemically pure sucrose, in solid form................................... 0803 Bananas, including plantains, fresh or dried................................................................. 0901 Coffee, whether or not roasted or decaffeinated......................................................... 6106 Women's or girls'blouses, shirts and shirt-blouses, knitted or crocheted.................... 2616 Precious metal ores and concentrates.......................................................................... 1511 Palm oil and its fractions............................................................................................... 6105 Men's or boys'shirts, knitted or crocheted.................................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 0908 Nutmeg, mace and cardamoms..................................................................................... 2607 Lead ores and concentrates..........................................................................................

188

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

10 065.3 941.9 652.0 716.0 457.8 448.5 269.8 264.2 229.7 217.5 30.7

10 890.7 952.2 721.4 668.0 419.9 359.3 288.2 263.7 256.0 240.6 349.3

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

10 797.0 US$/kg 852.0 0.5 0.4 0.4 US$/kg 833.9 0.3 0.3 0.3 US$/kg 664.5 3.3 3.6 3.6 396.5 8.2 7.4 7.8 US$/unit 310.9 1.8 1.3 0.2 thsd US$/kg US$/kg 282.6 0.7 0.7 0.6 US$/unit 275.0 10.3 US$/kg 304.3 30.9 35.9 41.7 US$/kg 243.5 5.6 6.2 7.3 US$/kg 306.2 15.8 14.3 11.5

SITC code 061 057 071 844 289 422 843 542 075 287

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Guatemala Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-0.9 1.6 -10.6 -38.3 4.3 13.6 16.0 3.8 -28.3

100.0 39.7 13.5 4.1 11.9 11.1 2.5 16.8 0.4

17 631.1 2 329.6 471.3 2 511.7 3 219.7 3 305.1 4 284.2 1 482.6 26.8

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Transportation ( 46.1 %)

Travel ( 27.4 %)

Insurance ( 10.0 %) Remaining ( 10.7 %)

Royalties & lic. fees ( 5.7 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.158)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

4

3

2

1

0

−1

−2

−3

−4

−5

100.0 13.2 2.7 14.2 18.3 18.7 24.3 8.4 0.2

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.171)

Top partner

−6

-3.5 2.8 -5.0 -29.5 2.9 3.3 4.7 0.4 -35.4

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −7

1.5 4.7 -4.3 -6.7 3.5 0.9 4.8 4.9 17.8

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

40

1.5 3.2 -5.8 -3.9 4.5 4.0 0.8 2.7 9.8

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

10 797.0 4 284.4 1 454.3 439.8 1 285.5 1 203.5 270.1 1 814.7 44.8

2015 share

0%

2015

5

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 24.3, 18.7 and 18.3 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the United States, Mexico and China, accounting for respectively 38.2, 11.0 and 9.6 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 1.3 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 788.3 mln US$ and "Insurance services" (EBOPS code 253) at 287.8 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 3901 Polymers of ethylene, in primary forms......................................................................... 1005 Maize (corn)................................................................................................................... 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 6006 Other knitted or crocheted fabrics.................................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

17 504.0 2 868.1 470.8 472.9 392.7 297.4 247.4 193.6 205.8 197.7 179.6

Source: UN Comtrade

18 263.2 2 970.8 501.5 484.6 458.2 334.7 265.5 226.6 212.6 193.3 189.6

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

17 631.1 US$/kg 2 017.6 0.9 0.9 0.5 US$/kg 568.6 19.8 19.8 21.2 548.0 545.0 18.3 17.9 19.8 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 236.6 0.7 0.8 0.5 311.9 US$/kg 211.5 1.6 1.8 1.5 US$/kg 212.9 0.3 0.2 0.2 178.3 US$/kg 199.8 7.9 7.5 6.7

SITC code 334 542 764 781 343 782 571 044 752 655

189

Guinea Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Guinea decreased substantially by 19.2 percent to reach 1.6 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 14.8 percent to reach 2.1 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a moderate deficit of 565.0 mln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Eastern Asia at -317.9 mln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Guinea were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 8 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 16 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2013, the value of exports of services of Guinea decreased substantially by 34.9 percent, reaching 103.5 mln US$, while its imports of services decreased substantially by 21.3 percent and reached 694.4 mln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services deficit of 590.9 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Mln US$ by year) Exports

3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 −0.5 −1 −1.5 −2 −2.5 −3

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

1000

Imports

Trade Balance

800 600 400 (na)

200

(na) (na) (na) (na)

(na) (na)

0 (na)

(na) (na) (na) (na)

(na) (na)

−200 −400 −600 −800

Exports Profile: "Not classified elsewhere in the SITC" (SITC section 9), "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4) and "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 40.3, 38.9 and 8.5 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Gold (including gold plated with platinum)" (HS code 7108) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Ghana, France and the United Arab Emirates, accounting for respectively 14.6, 13.4 and 13.1 percent of total exports. "Communications services" (EBOPS code 245) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2013 at 63.6 mln US$, followed by "Personal, cultural, and recreational services" (EBOPS code 287) at 12.2 mln US$ and "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 9.8 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

13

20

11

12

20

20

09

08

07

10

20

20

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

03

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−1000

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013) Communication ( 61.5 %)

Personal, cultural & rec ( 11.7 %)

Remaining ( 4.4 %) Insurance ( 5.2 %)

Transportation ( 9.4 %) Other business ( 7.8 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 2606 Aluminium ores and concentrates................................................................................. 4907 Unused postage, revenue or similar stamps of current or new issue.......................... 8905 Light-vessels, fire-floats, dredgers, floating cranes and other vessels........................ 4001 Natural rubber, balata, gutta-percha, guayule, chicle.................................................. 0801 Coconuts, Brazil nuts and cashew nuts, fresh or dried................................................. 2601 Iron ores and concentrates, including roasted iron pyrites........................................... 7102 Diamonds, whether or not worked, but not mounted or set......................................... 8429 Self-propelled bulldozers, angledozers, graders, levellers, scrapers........................... 1801 Cocoa beans, whole or broken, raw or roasted............................................................

190

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

1 780.5 942.3 432.5 201.0 ... 21.4 9.6 26.7 5.5 24.4 2.2

1 946.7 973.7 587.6 187.7 ... 26.4 25.5 11.6 27.8 1.6 5.6

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

1 573.7 631.5 US$/kg 576.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 119.5 85.5 59.0 76.6 thsd US$/kg 81.0 US$/kg 26.0 1.8 1.9 1.6 US$/kg 20.6 1.8 1.2 US$/kg 0.0 0.1 0.1 ... 2.0 18.9

SITC code 971 285 892 793 231 057 281 667 723 072

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Guinea Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-19.2 20.5 -3.9 -67.7 50.0 -90.5 282.3 -34.4 -35.1

100.0 4.4 38.9 0.2 0.2 0.2 7.4 8.5 40.3

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

2 138.6 455.8 85.8 322.7 231.1 261.4 643.8 126.0 12.0

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.073)

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013) Other business ( 26.7 %) Transportation ( 42.7 %)

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 11.2 %) Remaining ( 5.4 %)

Travel ( 7.2 %) Insurance ( 6.9 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.111)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

60

0 40

0 20

0

00 −2

00 −4

00 −6

00

Top partner

−8

0 00

100.0 21.3 4.0 15.1 10.8 12.2 30.1 5.9 0.6

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −1

-14.8 -23.4 41.5 -59.3 10.3 2.5 37.1 9.5 8.2

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Mln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

40

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

1 573.7 68.8 611.5 3.4 3.0 2.8 115.9 134.2 634.0

2015 share

0%

2015

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 30.1, 21.3 and 15.1 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the Netherlands, China and India, accounting for respectively 25.4, 13.5 and 9.3 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2013 at 296.4 mln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 185.1 mln US$ and "Government services, n.i.e." (EBOPS code 291) at 77.9 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 1006 Rice................................................................................................................................ 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 1101 Wheat or meslin flour.................................................................................................... 8431 Parts suitable for use principally with the machinery of headings 84.25..................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 1701 Cane or beet sugar and chemically pure sucrose, in solid form................................... 2402 Cigars, cheroots, cigarillos and cigarettes.................................................................... 2523 Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement....................................................... 1511 Palm oil and its fractions...............................................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

2 401.0 725.5 239.5 73.1 75.0 64.2 34.6 37.5 39.2 55.5 33.0

Source: UN Comtrade

2 509.2 783.6 286.4 84.3 78.2 52.6 43.1 58.9 39.0 27.2 35.6

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

2 138.6 US$/kg 310.2 0.8 0.8 0.5 US$/kg 227.9 0.5 0.5 0.4 US$/kg 117.1 8.3 US$/kg 20.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 US$/kg 35.3 15.7 14.4 9.1 67.3 19.6 19.3 22.6 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 47.6 0.3 0.4 0.4 US$/kg 34.7 3.6 3.8 4.2 US$/kg 27.3 0.1 US$/kg 40.0 0.6 0.5 0.5

SITC code 334 042 542 046 723 781 061 122 661 422

191

Guyana Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Guyana increased moderately by 9.5 percent to reach 1.3 bln US$, while its merchandise imports increased substantially by 22.6 percent to reach 2.2 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a moderate deficit of 899.9 mln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Eastern Asia at -801.8 mln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Guyana were diversified amongst partners; imports were moderately concentrated. The top 11 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 9 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Guyana increased moderately by 9.8 percent, reaching 180.8 mln US$, while its imports of services decreased substantially by 14.8 percent and reached 426.2 mln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services deficit of 245.4 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Mln US$ by year)

Exports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Not classified elsewhere in the SITC" (SITC section 9) and "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 38.6, 27.8 and 14.7 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Gold (including gold plated with platinum)" (HS code 7108) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were the United States, Canada and the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, accounting for respectively 25.4, 21.8 and 8.5 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 78.7 mln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 38.3 mln US$ and "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 25.5 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

13

20

12

20

10

09

08

07

11

20

20

20

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−2.5

06

−2

20

−1.5

05

−1

Trade Balance

(na)

20

−0.5

Imports

(na)

04

0

20

1 0.5

03

1.5

20

2

Exports

600 500 400 300 200 100 0 −100 −200 −300 −400 −500 −600 02

Trade Balance

20

2.5

Imports

20

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Other business ( 21.2 %) Travel ( 43.5 %)

Transportation ( 14.1 %)

Remaining ( 7.4 %)

Insurance ( 7.3 %) Financial ( 6.5 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 1006 Rice................................................................................................................................ 2606 Aluminium ores and concentrates................................................................................. 1701 Cane or beet sugar and chemically pure sucrose, in solid form................................... 0306 Crustaceans, whether in shell or not............................................................................ 8609 Containers (including containers for the transport of fluids)........................................ 2208 Alcohol of a strength by volume of less than 80 % vol................................................ 0302 Fish, fresh or chilled, excluding fish fillets.................................................................... 7102 Diamonds, whether or not worked, but not mounted or set......................................... 4404 Hoopwood; split poles; piles, pickets and stakes of wood...........................................

192

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

1 375.9 644.2 239.0 133.4 114.2 53.3 ... 42.9 13.1 11.8 8.7

1 174.0 471.1 247.4 123.4 87.8 33.2 0.0 41.7 14.8 14.7 16.9

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

1 285.8 357.9 42.9 39.3 18.9 thsd US$/kg US$/kg 212.0 0.6 0.5 0.2 US$/kg 138.4 0.1 0.1 0.2 US$/kg 111.7 0.7 0.5 0.3 US$/kg 42.8 3.7 3.9 4.4 126.1 0.2 1.7 thsd US$/unit US$/litre 36.5 2.1 3.9 US$/kg 16.0 2.3 2.4 2.5 16.8 180.0 161.9 154.0 US$/carat US$/kg 17.2 0.2

SITC code 971 042 285 061 036 786 112 034 667 634

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Guyana Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

9.5 3.4 3.2 2120.6 103.1 36.7 3706.7 -27.6 -24.0

100.0 38.6 13.2 0.0 1.0 4.2 14.7 0.4 27.8

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

2 185.7 237.6 31.3 312.4 154.7 219.8 1 115.9 114.0 0.0

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.17)

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Other business ( 21.8 %)

Transportation ( 35.7 %)

Travel ( 18.0 %)

Insurance ( 9.6 %) Remaining ( 9.2 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.102)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

60

0 40

0 20

0

00 −2

00 −4

00 −6

00

Top partner

−8

0 00

100.0 10.9 1.4 14.3 7.1 10.1 51.1 5.2 0.0

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −1

22.6 -2.2 2.5 -46.3 5.3 1.3 159.0 -14.2 -66.7

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Mln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

5.4 0.7 4.1 -14.4 -1.3 3.4 24.6 1.0 -4.4

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

40

2.2 3.9 -1.2 150.2 28.4 16.6 100.8 -23.3 -8.7

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

1 285.8 496.7 170.1 0.1 13.1 54.3 189.0 4.6 357.9

2015 share

0%

2015

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 51.1, 14.3 and 10.9 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the United States, Trinidad and Tobago and the Republic of Korea, accounting for respectively 21.6, 18.3 and 12.5 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 152.3 mln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 92.7 mln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 76.9 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Royalties & lic. fees ( 5.6 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8430 Other moving, grading, levelling, scraping, excavating, tamping, compacting............ 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 8429 Self-propelled bulldozers, angledozers, graders, levellers, scrapers........................... 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 2523 Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement....................................................... 3102 Mineral or chemical fertilisers, nitrogenous................................................................. 0402 Milk and cream, concentrated or containing added sugar........................................... 3923 Articles for the conveyance or packing of goods, of plastics....................................... 8431 Parts suitable for use principally with the machinery of headings 84.25.....................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

1 866.3 561.1 1.7 43.6 51.9 39.5 32.7 40.7 33.8 24.8 14.8

Source: UN Comtrade

1 783.3 555.6 2.7 40.7 42.1 36.6 30.6 23.4 24.4 25.7 14.7

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

2 185.7 297.2 0.7 0.8 1.4 694.2 21.8 38.9 4.6 5.9 4.1 25.7 74.0 42.5 4.1 31.2 17.3 19.8 17.0 33.4 0.1 0.1 0.1 26.8 0.9 0.6 0.5 25.9 5.9 3.5 3.0 25.5 3.1 0.9 2.9 38.2 7.3 7.1 11.8

US$/kg thsd US$/unit thsd US$/unit thsd US$/unit thsd US$/unit US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

SITC code 334 723 781 723 782 661 562 022 893 723

193

Honduras Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of Honduras increased substantially by 24.2 percent to reach 4.5 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased moderately by 6.8 percent to reach 8.0 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a moderate deficit of 3.5 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed North America at -1.3 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Honduras were moderately concentrated amongst partners; imports were also moderately concentrated. The top 11 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 10 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Honduras decreased slightly by 4.3 percent, reaching 1.1 bln US$, while its imports of services increased moderately by 8.8 percent and reached 1.8 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services deficit of 697.5 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

10

Imports

Trade Balance

8

Exports

2

Imports

Trade Balance

1.5

6

1

4

0.5

2

(na)

(na)

(na)

0

0 (na)

−2

(na)

(na)

−0.5

−4

Exports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 46.8, 15.6 and 11.0 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Coffee, whether or not roasted or decaffeinated" (HS code 0901) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were the United States, Germany and El Salvador, accounting for respectively 42.6, 8.5 and 6.1 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 629.5 mln US$, followed by "Communications services" (EBOPS code 245) at 230.0 mln US$ and "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 98.3 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

13

20

11

10

09

12

20

20

20

20

08

20

07

20

06

20

04

05

20

20

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

05

−2 04

−10 03

−1.5

02

−8

03

−1

−6

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 57.9 %)

Communication ( 21.2 %)

Remaining ( 11.9 %)

Transportation ( 9.0 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 0901 Coffee, whether or not roasted or decaffeinated......................................................... 8544 Insulated (including enamelled or anodised) wire, cable............................................. 0306 Crustaceans, whether in shell or not............................................................................ 1511 Palm oil and its fractions............................................................................................... 0803 Bananas, including plantains, fresh or dried................................................................. 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 7112 Waste and scrap of precious metal or of metal clad with precious metal................... 2402 Cigars, cheroots, cigarillos and cigarettes.................................................................... 3401 Soap; organic surface-active products..........................................................................

194

Source: UN Comtrade

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

4 696.2 1 339.1 497.8 197.6 279.6 75.4 179.8 102.2 99.7 99.5 50.8

3 648.8 796.8 14.5 281.1 253.9 269.9 138.1 99.3 98.9 51.7 96.0

4 533.3 783.3 580.7 345.3 230.1 221.6 ... 104.4 74.0 109.6 81.5

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

SITC code

US$/kg 4.2 3.2 US$/kg 18.1 17.9 US$/kg 6.4 9.4 6.2 US$/kg 1.0 1.1 0.8 US$/kg 0.3 0.6 0.3 US$/kg 0.8 30.3 49.6 34.2 thsd US$/kg 24.4 2.2 thsd US$/kg US$/kg 11.2 21.2 16.5 US$/kg 1.2 2.0 1.1

071 773 036 422 057 343 971 971 122 554

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Honduras Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

24.2 5.6 11.7 -99.2 13.9 18.4 2001.4 180.9 -27.9

100.0 46.8 10.9 0.0 6.9 11.0 15.6 4.8 4.0

7 983.6 1 370.9 160.0 1 862.6 1 239.5 1 077.3 1 642.9 630.3 0.1

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Transportation ( 53.6 %) Travel ( 23.1 %)

Insurance ( 6.0 %) Remaining ( 12.2 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.215)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

0%

5 th

10

2

1

1.5

0

0.5

.5

−1

−0

.5

−2

−1

.5

−3

100.0 17.2 2.0 23.3 15.5 13.5 20.6 7.9 0.0

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.195)

Top partner

−2

.5

-6.8 -3.8 -5.2 -16.0 -9.9 -3.8 3.2 -5.3 -97.2

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −3

3.7 6.9 -1.7 4.8 0.6 3.5 4.2 1.7 26.1

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

%

9.9 9.1 5.1 -73.8 16.4 33.4 26.6 11.4 -3.2

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

40

4 533.3 2 120.8 495.6 1.2 312.9 498.4 705.5 218.6 180.3

2014 share

60

2014

2.5

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 23.3, 20.6 and 17.2 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the United States, China and Guatemala, accounting for respectively 40.4, 10.0 and 7.2 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 955.7 mln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 412.2 mln US$ and "Insurance services" (EBOPS code 253) at 107.2 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Royalties & lic. fees ( 5.1 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 2106 Food preparations not elsewhere specified or included............................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 1005 Maize (corn)................................................................................................................... 2304 Oil-cake and other solid residues.................................................................................. 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 1905 Bread, pastry, cakes, biscuits and other bakers'wares.................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

8 646.8 2 096.6 392.4 157.9 195.0 132.0 148.2 121.6 95.5 108.9 90.0

Source: UN Comtrade

8 566.1 2 156.5 341.8 173.1 158.4 145.2 142.1 113.7 105.9 116.9 95.4

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

7 983.6 US$/kg 1 819.4 1.3 0.8 US$/kg 311.1 40.6 33.1 195.5 134.6 US$/kg 140.2 4.3 4.5 116.6 19.2 18.5 18.4 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 99.9 0.3 0.3 US$/kg 106.7 0.5 0.6 0.6 59.9 US$/kg 93.4 1.8 3.4 1.7

SITC code 334 542 764 782 098 781 044 081 752 048

195

Hungary Goods Imports: CIF, by consignment

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Hungary decreased substantially by 10.7 percent to reach 100.2 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 12.4 percent to reach 90.4 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small surplus of 9.8 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at 7.6 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Hungary were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 16 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 14 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Hungary increased moderately by 8.0 percent, reaching 23.6 bln US$, while its imports of services increased slightly by 3.2 percent and reached 17.2 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services surplus of 6.4 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

120 100 80 60 40 20 0 −20 −40 −60 −80 −100 −120

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

25

Imports

Trade Balance

20 15 10 5

(na)

0 (na)

−5 −10 −15 −20

Exports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 56.3, 10.8 and 10.3 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport" (HS code 8703) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Germany, Romania and Austria, accounting for respectively 26.9, 5.5 and 5.3 percent of total exports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 6.4 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 6.0 bln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 5.9 bln US$ (see graph 3).

15

13

14

20

20

12

20

10

09

08

11

20

20

20

20

07

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

02

03

20

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−25

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Transportation ( 25.5 %)

Travel ( 24.9 %) Other business ( 26.9 %)

Remaining ( 6.0 %)

Royalties & lic. fees ( 8.8 %) Computer & information ( 7.8 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) Unit value 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2013 2014 2015 2013 2014 2015 Unit All Commodities............................................................................................................ 107 730.0 112 196.3 100 166.5 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 7 399.1 11 031.2 11 207.7 19.0 21.0 18.7 thsd US$/unit 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... US$/kg 4 576.0 5 301.7 5 264.1 9.6 9.8 8.1 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 5 938.0 3 447.0 2 655.3 8407 Spark-ignition reciprocating or rotary internal combustion piston engines................. 4 070.0 4 052.0 3 262.5 2.7 2.6 2.2 thsd US$/unit 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. US$/kg 3 852.1 3 655.4 3 370.6 124.7 89.1 54.6 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 3 014.7 2 971.5 2 498.9 464.9 466.4 429.9 US$/unit 8528 Reception apparatus for television............................................................................... 3 149.2 2 701.1 2 455.7 265.9 227.7 204.9 US$/unit 8408 Compression-ignition internal combustion piston engines........................................... 2 444.5 2 509.9 3 073.9 3.3 3.5 3.1 thsd US$/unit 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 2 920.9 2 566.6 2 340.1 8544 Insulated (including enamelled or anodised) wire, cable............................................. US$/kg 2 125.0 2 279.4 2 028.2 15.1 15.1 13.1 HS code

196

Source: UN Comtrade

SITC code 781 784 764 713 542 752 761 713 931 773

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Hungary Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-10.7 -14.0 -23.8 -38.3 -7.6 -12.1 -7.1 -17.9 -8.7

100.0 7.0 2.2 2.3 10.8 10.3 56.3 8.8 2.4

90 374.3 4 346.6 1 830.2 7 419.9 10 746.1 12 298.8 42 561.9 6 904.7 4 266.0

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Transportation ( 23.5 %)

Other business ( 37.8 %)

Remaining ( 8.9 %)

Travel ( 11.8 %)

Royalties & lic. fees ( 10.1 %) Computer & information ( 8.0 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.097)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

60

40

20

0

0 −2

0 −4

0

100.0 4.8 2.0 8.2 11.9 13.6 47.1 7.6 4.7

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.096)

Top partner

−6

0

-12.4 -11.1 -13.9 -40.3 -7.4 -12.6 -7.2 -6.3 -10.4

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −8

-2.8 -1.9 -6.4 -12.2 -0.3 -2.0 -1.0 2.9 -12.3

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

40

-2.6 -2.4 -8.8 -12.0 1.2 -1.6 -2.1 -1.3 -15.3

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

100 166.5 6 981.4 2 171.6 2 328.7 10 792.5 10 340.9 56 344.3 8 810.3 2 396.8

2015 share

0%

2015

80

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 47.1, 13.6 and 11.9 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Commodities not specified according to kind" (HS code 9999) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Germany, Austria and the Russian Federation, accounting for respectively 25.5, 6.9 and 6.7 percent of total imports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 6.5 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 4.0 bln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 2.0 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 8409 Parts suitable for use with the engines of heading 84................................................. 8542 Electronic integrated circuits......................................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude...................................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

98 661.8 103 111.0 5 367.6 4 727.3 3 862.6 5 232.1 4 488.6 4 309.0 4 908.0 3 015.2 3 884.7 4 056.8 2 672.7 2 667.3 2 342.6 2 546.7 2 141.6 2 228.5 1 947.6 2 316.7 2 263.4 2 195.3

Source: UN Comtrade

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

90 374.3 4 231.9 US$/kg 5 227.0 10.4 10.5 8.9 US$/kg 2 178.4 0.8 0.7 0.4 2 857.8 US$/kg 2 265.3 0.6 0.5 0.4 US$/kg 2 578.9 74.4 47.1 61.3 US$/kg 2 280.2 9.3 9.7 7.9 2 116.7 2 189.0 16.5 16.8 14.8 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 1 365.3 1.0 0.9 0.6

SITC code 931 784 333 764 343 542 713 776 781 334

197

Iceland Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Iceland decreased moderately by 6.5 percent to reach 4.7 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased slightly by 1.6 percent to reach 5.3 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small deficit of 562.5 mln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at 573.1 mln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Iceland were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 11 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 18 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2013, the value of exports of services of Iceland increased substantially by 13.7 percent, reaching 3.5 bln US$, while its imports of services decreased substantially by 11.8 percent and reached 2.5 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services surplus of 976.9 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

8

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

4

6

3

4

2

2

1

0

0

−2

−1

−4

−2

−6

−3

−8

−4

Imports

Trade Balance

(na) (na)

Exports Profile: "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 43.1, 43.0 and 4.2 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Unwrought aluminium" (HS code 7601) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were the Netherlands, the United Kingdom and Germany, accounting for respectively 28.5, 10.8 and 8.6 percent of total exports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2013 at 1.6 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 1.1 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 422.8 mln US$ (see graph 3).

14

15 20

12

13

20

20

10

09

08

07

11

20

20

20

20

20

06

20

04

05

20

20

03

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

(na) (na)

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013)

Transportation ( 44.2 %)

Travel ( 30.7 %)

Remaining ( 13.1 %)

Other business ( 12.0 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 7601 Unwrought aluminium................................................................................................... 0304 Fish fillets and other fish meat (whether or not minced).............................................. 0303 Fish, frozen, excluding fish fillets and other fish meat of heading 03.04..................... 0305 Fish, dried, salted or in brine......................................................................................... 2301 Flours, meals and pellets, of meat or meat offal.......................................................... 7202 Ferro-alloys.................................................................................................................... 7605 Aluminium wire............................................................................................................. 7604 Aluminium bars, rods and profiles................................................................................ 1504 Fats and oils and their fractions, of fish or marine mammals...................................... 7607 Aluminium foil (whether or not printed or backed with paper, paperboard.................

198

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

4 997.7 1 665.1 847.2 524.1 334.7 217.9 163.8 96.0 0.6 135.5 103.2

5 051.3 1 503.6 838.7 471.0 354.7 136.1 157.6 173.4 160.3 90.9 97.5

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

4 723.3 1 493.5 2.1 2.2 2.1 780.8 5.1 5.5 6.0 366.9 1.8 1.9 2.0 326.5 5.0 5.3 4.9 222.3 1.8 1.7 1.5 143.6 140.3 2.2 2.3 2.0 164.0 14.1 2.3 2.0 93.0 2.3 2.5 2.5 76.5 51.1 48.6 40.9

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

SITC code 684 034 034 035 081 671 684 684 411 684

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Iceland Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-6.5 -4.3 -6.0 -24.4 -10.5 -4.1 -31.0 -16.2 14.2

100.0 43.0 3.2 1.6 2.1 43.1 4.2 2.0 0.8

5 285.8 558.4 655.2 660.1 474.8 555.7 1 849.5 522.9 9.2

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013) Other business ( 32.0 %)

Travel ( 33.4 %) Transportation ( 19.0 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.113)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

3

2

1

0

−1

−2

100.0 10.6 12.4 12.5 9.0 10.5 35.0 9.9 0.2

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.051)

Top partner

−3

-1.6 4.4 5.3 -28.4 -3.0 -3.7 10.5 -4.4 44.2

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −4

2.2 4.1 -1.8 -1.5 1.4 -0.9 6.6 1.2 10.1

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

40

-3.1 -1.7 -4.0 -7.4 -11.5 -3.5 -4.9 -4.3 8.1

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

4 723.3 2 030.6 152.6 76.1 97.8 2 035.5 200.7 94.6 35.4

2015 share

0%

2015

4

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 35.0, 12.5 and 12.4 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Norway, the United States and Germany, accounting for respectively 13.3, 9.2 and 8.1 percent of total imports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2013 at 846.1 mln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 809.5 mln US$ and "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 481.2 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Remaining ( 15.6 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 2818 Artificial corundum, whether or not chemically defined............................................... 8545 Carbon electrodes, carbon brushes, lamp carbons, battery carbons............................ 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 8802 Other aircraft (for example, helicopters, aeroplanes); spacecraft................................ 8902 Fishing vessels; factory ships and other vessels for processing.................................. 0306 Crustaceans, whether in shell or not............................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

5 019.2 896.0 502.6 365.9 156.2 124.3 88.4 76.3 39.4 26.9 34.4

Source: UN Comtrade

5 371.9 881.8 494.9 373.1 216.5 129.2 105.8 92.2 46.5 73.5 56.9

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

SITC code

5 285.8 US$/kg 334 617.7 1.0 0.9 0.6 US$/kg 522 518.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 778 312.2 291.1 17.4 17.9 thsd US$/unit 781 US$/kg 542 113.5 134.1 138.8 122.0 752 97.8 764 94.2 792 156.7 103.1 0.0 9.4 mln US$/unit 793 US$/kg 036 93.9 3.0 3.7 3.8

199

India Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of India decreased substantially by 16.7 percent to reach 264.4 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 14.9 percent to reach 390.7 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a moderate deficit of 126.4 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Eastern Asia at -57.4 bln US$, much higher than that with Western Asia with which India had the largest deficit in 2014 (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in India were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 31 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 25 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of India increased slightly by 4.5 percent, reaching 155.3 bln US$, while its imports of services increased slightly by 1.7 percent and reached 79.7 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services surplus of 75.6 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

500

Imports

Trade Balance

400

Exports

200

Imports

Trade Balance

150

300

100

200 100

50

0

0

−100

−50

(na) (na)

−200

Exports Profile: "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 26.0, 16.4 and 14.9 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were the United States, the United Arab Emirates and China, accounting for respectively 13.6, 10.5 and 4.3 percent of total exports. "Computer and information services" (EBOPS code 262) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 72.6 bln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 30.7 bln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 19.7 bln US$ (see graph 3).

15

13

12

11

10

09

14

20

20

20

20

20

20

07

08

20

20

05

04

02

06

20

20

20

20

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

05

−200 04

−500 03

−150

02

−400

03

−100

−300

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Computer & information ( 46.8 %)

Other business ( 19.8 %)

Travel ( 12.7 %)

Remaining ( 8.8 %)

Transportation ( 12.0 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) Unit value 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2013 2014 2015 2013 2014 2015 Unit All Commodities............................................................................................................ 336 611.4 317 544.6 264 381.0 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 67 075.2 60 838.6 30 455.0 US$/kg 0.9 0.5 7102 Diamonds, whether or not worked, but not mounted or set......................................... 28 952.1 24 064.5 21 873.3 7113 Articles of jewellery and parts thereof, of precious metal........................................... 10 603.3 13 087.6 26.0 thsd US$/kg 9 991.7 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 10 314.0 10 302.7 11 235.6 26.4 26.7 31.1 US$/kg US$/kg 1006 Rice................................................................................................................................ 8 169.5 7 905.7 6 380.1 0.7 0.7 0.6 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 5 556.5 5 769.0 5 392.9 5.5 5.5 5.1 thsd US$/unit 0202 Meat of bovine animals, frozen..................................................................................... US$/kg 4 411.0 4 719.1 4 030.6 2.9 3.2 3.2 5205 Cotton yarn (other than sewing thread), containing 85 % or more.............................. US$/kg 4 773.1 4 095.4 3 736.7 3.5 3.3 2.8 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... US$/kg 3 912.8 4 001.3 3 885.5 5.9 5.7 5.7 8802 Other aircraft (for example, helicopters, aeroplanes); spacecraft................................ 2 590.3 5 247.8 2 437.7 16.5 0.5 mln US$/unit HS code

200

Source: UN Comtrade

SITC code 334 667 897 542 042 781 011 651 784 792

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

India Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-16.7 -17.1 -24.9 -49.7 -3.2 -10.5 -10.8 -6.6 122.5

100.0 10.4 3.9 11.9 13.6 26.0 16.4 14.9 2.9

390 744.7 9 664.0 32 347.1 104 631.1 46 818.9 55 980.7 80 444.6 15 006.5 45 851.9

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Transportation ( 20.5 %)

Other business ( 39.2 %) Travel ( 18.3 %)

Remaining ( 15.9 %)

Royalties & lic. fees ( 6.1 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.049)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

40

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

40

20

0

0 −2

0 −4

0 −6

0

100.0 2.5 8.3 26.8 12.0 14.3 20.6 3.8 11.7

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.048)

Top partner

−8

00

-14.9 20.2 -9.3 -40.9 -2.6 -6.0 7.6 1.7 10.1

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −1

-4.1 13.9 0.1 -9.7 2.6 -5.2 1.2 2.8 -8.5

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

60

-3.2 3.2 -12.4 -13.7 3.6 -2.4 0.8 -0.3 -14.6

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

80

264 381.0 27 483.3 10 342.9 31 387.1 35 945.8 68 750.6 43 324.6 39 522.3 7 624.5

2015 share

0%

2015

60

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 26.8, 20.6 and 14.3 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude" (HS code 2709) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were China, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates, accounting for respectively 13.0, 6.9 and 6.1 percent of total imports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 31.2 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 16.3 bln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 14.6 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) Unit value SITC 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 code 2013 2014 2015 2013 2014 2015 Unit All Commodities............................................................................................................ 466 045.6 459 369.5 390 744.7 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 148 046.7 135 826.2 72 321.7 0.8 0.7 0.4 US$/kg 333 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 37 711.8 31 039.7 34 999.5 45.1 33.5 thsd US$/kg 971 7102 Diamonds, whether or not worked, but not mounted or set......................................... 22 649.6 21 609.7 16 405.1 667 2701 Coal; briquettes, ovoids and similar solid fuels manufactured from coal.................... 14 931.2 16 395.3 14 115.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 US$/kg 321 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 14 272.7 17 627.2 11 868.1 0.7 0.8 0.5 US$/kg 343 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 10 916.4 13 432.3 15 814.0 764 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 11 504.7 10 599.3 10 852.2 931 1511 Palm oil and its fractions............................................................................................... US$/kg 422 6 966.8 6 551.4 5 922.1 0.8 0.8 0.6 2603 Copper ores and concentrates....................................................................................... US$/kg 283 7 443.4 5 320.2 4 093.6 2.5 2.7 2.4 752 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 4 600.9 4 530.2 5 220.5 80.0 81.6 89.8 US$/unit HS code

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Source: UN Comtrade

201

Indonesia Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of Indonesia decreased slightly by 3.6 percent to reach 176.0 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased slightly by 4.5 percent to reach 178.2 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small deficit of 2.1 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Southern Asia at 12.3 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Indonesia were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 16 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 14 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Indonesia increased slightly by 3.0 percent, reaching 23.0 bln US$, while its imports of services decreased slightly by 3.9 percent and reached 33.1 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services deficit of 10.1 bln US$. See footnote*.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

250

Imports

Trade Balance

200

Exports

40

Imports

Trade Balance

30

150

20

100

10

50

(na)

(na)

0

0 (na)

−50

(na)

−10

−100

Exports Profile: "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3), "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 29.0, 20.0 and 12.9 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Coal; briquettes, ovoids and similar solid fuels manufactured from coal" (HS code 2701) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Japan, China and Singapore, accounting for respectively 14.6, 11.3 and 9.2 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 10.3 bln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 6.0 bln US$ and "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 3.8 bln US$ (see graph 3).

15

13

12

11

10

09

08

07

14

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

06

20

04

02

05

20

20

20

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

13

20

20

20

20

08

07

06

09

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

05

−40 04

−250 03

−30

02

−200

03

−20

−150

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Other business ( 26.2 %) Travel ( 44.6 %)

Remaining ( 12.7 %)

Transportation ( 16.5 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 Value (million US$) Unit value 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2012 2013 2014 2012 2013 2014 Unit All Commodities............................................................................................................ 190 031.8 182 551.8 176 036.2 2701 Coal; briquettes, ovoids and similar solid fuels manufactured from coal.................... 24 293.2 22 773.2 18 697.8 0.1 0.1 0.1 US$/kg 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 20 520.5 18 129.2 17 180.3 0.7 0.7 0.7 US$/kg 1511 Palm oil and its fractions............................................................................................... 17 602.2 15 838.9 17 464.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 US$/kg 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 12 293.4 10 204.7 US$/kg 9 271.2 0.8 0.8 0.7 4001 Natural rubber, balata, gutta-percha, guayule, chicle.................................................. US$/kg 7 864.5 6 910.7 4 744.8 3.2 2.6 1.8 2713 Petroleum coke and other residues............................................................................... US$/kg 2 379.2 2 674.3 2 309.6 0.7 0.7 0.6 2603 Copper ores and concentrates....................................................................................... US$/kg 2 594.7 3 006.8 1 683.6 2.3 2.1 2.4 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 2 264.3 2 116.0 2 641.6 14.0 14.9 14.8 thsd US$/unit 1513 Coconut (copra), palm kernel or babassu oil................................................................. US$/kg 2 458.2 1 829.5 2 484.4 1.1 0.8 1.1 6403 Footwear with outer soles of rubber, plastics, leather................................................. US$/pair 2 195.9 2 272.1 2 233.3 29.4 29.5 HS code

SITC code 321 343 422 333 231 335 283 781 422 851

*Merchandise imports data follows special trade system up to 2007.

202

Source: UN Comtrade

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Indonesia Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2.8 10.0 -1.2 2.3 8.3 0.8 2.7 7.9 6.7

-3.6 10.0 -10.2 -10.9 2.4 3.1 -1.6 13.2 -15.7

100.0 7.5 20.0 29.0 6.4 12.9 12.4 11.0 0.9

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

178 179.3 15 376.6 9 346.0 43 928.7 23 754.6 26 981.4 51 218.0 6 571.2 1 002.8

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance

7.1 10.8 5.8 12.4 9.2 7.2 2.2 9.0 -13.1

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014) Trade balance

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.078)

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 23.2 %) Transportation ( 36.2 %)

Other business ( 21.1 %) Remaining ( 13.8 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.063)

Top partner

25 th 10

80

60

40

20

20

0%

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

%

15 th

0%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

0%

5 th

10

30

20

10

0

0

0

0 −1

−2

−3

0 −4

0

0

Top partner

%

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania

40

Exports

%

Imports

−5

100.0 8.6 5.2 24.7 13.3 15.1 28.7 3.7 0.6

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014)

−6

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

-4.5 4.7 -1.4 -3.5 0.8 -5.6 -9.3 -4.7 -30.7

60

176 036.2 13 171.7 35 195.2 51 125.9 11 246.2 22 683.9 21 786.9 19 293.5 1 532.8

2014 share

80

2014

40

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 28.7, 24.7 and 15.1 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were China, Singapore and Japan, accounting for respectively 16.1, 13.8 and 10.6 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 12.0 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 7.7 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 7.0 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Royalties & lic. fees ( 5.6 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 Value (million US$) Unit value 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2012 2013 2014 2012 2013 2014 Unit All Commodities............................................................................................................ 191 690.9 186 628.6 178 179.3 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 28 038.2 27 850.9 26 717.3 1.0 1.0 1.0 US$/kg 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 10 803.2 13 585.8 13 072.4 0.9 0.8 0.8 US$/kg 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 5 113.4 5 291.2 4 855.4 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... US$/kg 3 081.6 3 113.0 3 025.0 1.0 0.9 0.8 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... US$/kg 2 982.3 3 218.3 2 908.5 10.1 9.5 9.8 1001 Wheat and meslin......................................................................................................... US$/kg 2 253.9 2 440.0 2 387.3 0.4 0.4 0.3 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 2 299.4 2 443.8 2 106.8 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 2 728.2 2 231.2 1 480.9 15.6 15.8 16.3 thsd US$/unit 7207 Semi-finished products of iron or non-alloy steel......................................................... US$/kg 2 292.3 2 048.4 1 879.8 0.6 0.5 0.5 2304 Oil-cake and other solid residues.................................................................................. US$/kg 1 828.5 1 927.0 2 194.9 0.5 0.5 0.6 HS code

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Source: UN Comtrade

SITC code 334 333 764 343 784 041 752 781 672 081

203

Iran (Islamic Republic of) Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2011, the value of merchandise exports of the Islamic Republic of Iran increased substantially by 55.8 percent to reach 130.5 bln US$, while its merchandise imports increased substantially by 24.9 percent to reach 68.3 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large surplus of 62.2 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Eastern Asia at 55.8 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in the Islamic Republic of Iran were highly concentrated amongst partners; imports were diversified. The top 5 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 11 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2012, the value of exports of services of the Islamic Republic of Iran decreased substantially by 22.4 percent, reaching 6.7 bln US$, while its imports of services decreased substantially by 23.9 percent and reached 13.0 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services deficit of 6.3 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

150

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

20

Imports

Trade Balance

15

100

10 50

5 (na) (na) (na)

(na) (na) (na) (na)

(na) (na) (na)

0

0 (na) (na) (na)

(na) (na) (na) (na)

(na) (na) (na)

−5

−50

−10 −100

−15

Exports Profile: "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3), "Not classified elsewhere in the SITC" (SITC section 9) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2011, representing respectively 70.5, 11.3 and 7.0 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2009 to 2011, the largest export commodity was "Petroleum oils, crude" (HS code 2709) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Other Asia nes, Rest of Europe nes and Areas nes, accounting for respectively 45.6, 18.9 and 5.9 percent of total exports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2006 at 2.9 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 1.2 bln US$ and "Construction services" (EBOPS code 249) at 996.0 mln US$ (see graph 3).

14

15 20

13

20

12

20

10

09

11

20

20

20

07

08

20

20

05

06

20

20

04

20

03

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

03

−20 02

−150

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2006) Transportation ( 51.9 %) Travel ( 21.4 %)

Construction ( 17.6 %)

Remaining ( 9.1 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2009 to 2011 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2002 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2709 Petroleum oils, crude..................................................................................................... 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 3901 Polymers of ethylene, in primary forms......................................................................... 2905 Acyclic alcohols and their derivatives........................................................................... 0802 Other nuts, fresh or dried.............................................................................................. 2902 Cyclic hydrocarbons....................................................................................................... 2601 Iron ores and concentrates............................................................................................ 2713 Petroleum coke and other residues...............................................................................

204

Source: UN Comtrade

2009

Value (million US$) 2010 2011

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

83 785.0 130 544.0 46 709.4 84 381.6 3 326.2 14 755.6 8 482.5 1 075.7 3 167.2 5 544.8 1 814.4 2 074.8 1 220.1 1 672.7 1 175.3 1 034.8 831.6 1 130.0 1 124.3 789.9 668.1 713.8

Unit value 2009 2010 2011 Unit

0.4

0.7

US$/kg

0.7 0.9 0.9 1.3

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

7.6 1.0 0.1 0.5

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

0.7 1.1

7.8 1.1 0.0 0.5

SITC code 333 931 334 343 571 512 057 511 281 335

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Iran (Islamic Republic of) Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2007-2011 2010-2011

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

55.8 -7.8 -13.9 55.2 26.4 21.2 -6.1 58.0 342.7

100.0 3.6 1.2 70.5 7.0 4.3 1.1 1.0 11.3

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

68 319.0 7 391.3 4 192.3 973.9 7 449.4 14 125.5 19 334.6 2 078.9 12 773.2

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.118)

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2006) Transportation ( 24.8 %)

Travel ( 39.4 %)

Construction ( 19.1 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.268)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

−1

0

Top partner

0

100.0 10.8 6.1 1.4 10.9 20.7 28.3 3.0 18.7

40

Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −2

24.9 9.8 32.6 -33.9 12.0 5.3 14.9 3.6 188.4

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2011)

Imports

0

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2011 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2011)

−3

Avg. Growth rates 2007-2011 2010-2011

2011

60

130 544.0 4 694.5 1 620.2 92 038.9 9 113.4 5 555.6 1 425.0 1 329.7 14 766.7

2011 share

0%

2011

70

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Not classified elsewhere in the SITC" (SITC section 9) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2011, representing respectively 28.3, 20.7 and 18.7 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2009 to 2011, the largest import commodity was "Commodities not specified according to kind" (HS code 9999) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the United Arab Emirates, China and Areas nes, accounting for respectively 27.5, 10.4 and 8.2 percent of total imports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2006 at 4.7 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 3.0 bln US$ and "Construction services" (EBOPS code 249) at 2.3 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Remaining ( 16.7 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2009 to 2011 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2002 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 7206 Iron and non-alloy steel in ingots or other primary forms............................................. 7208 Flat-rolled products of iron or non-alloy steel............................................................... 1005 Maize (corn)................................................................................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 1006 Rice................................................................................................................................ 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 8411 Turbo-jets, turbo-propellers and other gas turbines..................................................... 2304 Oil-cake and other solid residues.................................................................................. 0202 Meat of bovine animals, frozen.....................................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2009

Source: UN Comtrade

Value (million US$) 2010 2011

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

54 697.2 3 977.2 2 479.3 1 977.8 919.6 943.4 942.0 873.0 1 192.2 735.5 777.4

68 319.0 12 773.2 2 867.7 1 613.8 1 294.0 1 120.0 975.4 1 013.9 629.7 844.8 769.3

Unit value 2009 2010 2011 Unit

0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.3 0.4 130.5 130.2 0.8 0.9 0.4 4.1

0.5 5.3

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

US$/kg US$/kg

SITC code 931 672 673 044 542 042 752 714 081 011

205

Ireland Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Ireland increased slightly by 4.1 percent to reach 123.2 bln US$, while its merchandise imports increased slightly by 4.6 percent to reach 74.3 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a moderate surplus of 48.8 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at 25.2 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Ireland were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 10 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 11 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Ireland increased moderately by 8.5 percent, reaching 141.6 bln US$, while its imports of services increased substantially by 17.5 percent and reached 143.8 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a relatively small trade in services deficit of 2.2 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

150

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

150

100

100

50

50

0

0

Imports

Trade Balance

(na)

Exports Profile: "Chemicals" (SITC section 5), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 57.7, 14.0 and 12.9 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06)" (HS code 3004) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were the United States, the United Kingdom and Belgium, accounting for respectively 22.4, 15.0 and 13.1 percent of total exports. "Computer and information services" (EBOPS code 262) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 63.7 bln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 31.8 bln US$ and "Insurance services" (EBOPS code 253) at 12.3 bln US$ (see graph 3).

15

13

12

11

10

09

08

07

14

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

05

04

02

06

20

20

20

20

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

07

−150 06

−150 05

−100

04

−100

03

−50

02

−50

03

(na)

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Computer & information ( 45.0 %)

Other business ( 22.5 %)

Insurance ( 8.7 %) Financial ( 7.8 %) Remaining ( 16.1 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) Unit value 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2013 2014 2015 2013 2014 2015 Unit All Commodities............................................................................................................ 115 323.5 118 287.4 123 152.3 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 18 152.6 19 662.2 21 811.0 115.6 121.1 137.2 US$/kg 2933 Heterocyclic compounds with nitrogen hetero-atom(s) only........................................ 15 128.0 13 926.1 13 558.2 US$/kg 3302 Mixtures of odoriferous substances and mixtures........................................................ 7 388.0 8 306.9 8 150.1 56.0 62.3 59.2 3002 Human blood; animal blood prepared for therapeutic uses.......................................... 6 216.4 5 961.0 8 719.3 5.1 4.8 2.9 thsd US$/kg 9021 Orthopaedic appliances, including crutches, surgical belts and trusses...................... 4 881.2 4 865.2 4 803.1 9018 Instruments and appliances used in medical, surgical, dental or veterinary............... 3 990.8 4 386.3 5 634.1 2934 Nucleic acids and their salts......................................................................................... 18.9 17.7 thsd US$/kg 4 233.0 4 478.7 3 700.4 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 3 396.8 3 738.9 3 534.0 1.0 1.3 1.2 thsd US$/unit 2935 Sulphonamides.............................................................................................................. 2 277.9 3 357.2 4 176.2 21.2 19.1 20.6 thsd US$/kg 3824 Prepared binders for foundry moulds or cores.............................................................. US$/kg 2 760.6 2 688.4 2 261.9 24.6 24.1 17.4 HS code

206

Source: UN Comtrade

SITC code 542 515 551 541 899 872 515 752 515 598

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Ireland Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-0.8 -0.5 -4.5 -17.3 -2.3 0.1 4.5 2.5 7.2

4.1 -11.1 -16.3 -19.6 3.9 -5.7 29.6 5.4 -15.3

100.0 10.0 1.6 0.7 57.7 1.9 14.0 12.9 1.2

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

74 334.5 8 358.8 1 228.2 5 687.0 15 421.1 5 222.1 27 672.6 9 047.5 1 697.3

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.12)

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Royalties & lic. fees ( 44.8 %)

Remaining ( 7.7 %)

Other business ( 35.9 %)

Financial ( 6.2 %) Insurance ( 5.5 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.108)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

70

60

50

40

30

20

0

10

0

0 −1

0

−2

0

Top partner

−3

100.0 11.2 1.7 7.7 20.7 7.0 37.2 12.2 2.3

40

Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −4

4.6 -9.8 -3.0 -33.7 2.2 -6.4 44.0 0.0 -43.5

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015)

Imports

0

2.6 0.8 -2.7 -12.4 1.6 0.3 12.5 2.0 -11.7

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015)

−5

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

60

123 152.3 12 357.5 2 028.8 881.2 71 032.8 2 319.4 17 201.4 15 907.3 1 423.9

2015 share

0%

2015

80

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) and "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 37.2, 20.7 and 12.2 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Other aircraft (for example, helicopters, aeroplanes); spacecraft" (HS code 8802) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the United Kingdom, the United States and Germany, accounting for respectively 30.7, 12.1 and 8.3 percent of total imports. "Royalties and license fees" (EBOPS code 266) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 64.4 bln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 51.6 bln US$ and "Financial services" (EBOPS code 260) at 8.9 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 8802 Other aircraft (for example, helicopters, aeroplanes); spacecraft................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 8473 Parts and accessories for use with machines of heading 84.69 to 84.72.................... 2933 Heterocyclic compounds with nitrogen hetero-atom(s) only........................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

65 950.7 1 037.4 4 016.0 3 478.6 2 875.8 1 973.1 1 528.2 2 492.1 2 093.7 1 567.7 1 182.2

Source: UN Comtrade

71 049.0 950.7 4 318.6 3 216.1 2 991.9 2 345.1 2 220.1 2 114.3 1 698.3 1 517.6 1 627.0

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

74 334.5 9 554.8 US$/kg 2 473.5 1.0 1.0 0.6 US$/kg 3 619.6 122.3 64.3 69.4 1 674.5 2 603.3 113.6 272.6 273.0 US$/unit 2 501.5 5.5 9.4 8.6 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 1 548.6 0.8 0.8 0.4 US$/kg 1 279.2 0.5 0.4 0.3 US$/kg 1 399.1 136.5 149.4 162.4 US$/kg 249.2 1 616.3

SITC code 792 334 542 931 752 781 333 343 759 515

207

Israel Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by sale

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Israel decreased moderately by 7.6 percent to reach 63.8 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 14.2 percent to reach 62.1 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small surplus of 1.7 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed North America at 10.6 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Israel were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 15 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 17 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Israel increased slightly by 2.6 percent, reaching 35.4 bln US$, while its imports of services increased moderately by 8.0 percent and reached 22.5 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services surplus of 12.9 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

80

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

40

60

30

40

20

20

10

0

0

−20

−10

−40

−20

−60

−30

−80

−40

Imports

Trade Balance

(na)

Exports Profile: "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 33.0, 28.7 and 24.3 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Diamonds, whether or not worked, but not mounted or set" (HS code 7102) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were the United States, China, Hong Kong SAR and the United Kingdom, accounting for respectively 27.3, 8.4 and 5.9 percent of total exports. "Computer and information services" (EBOPS code 262) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 14.3 bln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 7.9 bln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 5.7 bln US$ (see graph 3).

14

15 20

13

20

11

10

09

12

20

20

20

20

07

08

20

20

05

06

20

20

04

20

03

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

(na)

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Other business ( 22.3 %) Computer & information ( 40.4 %) Travel ( 16.1 %)

Remaining ( 3.8 %) Construction ( 5.1 %)

Transportation ( 12.3 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 7102 Diamonds, whether or not worked, but not mounted or set......................................... 8542 Electronic integrated circuits......................................................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 3824 Prepared binders for foundry moulds or cores.............................................................. 3003 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 8803 Parts of goods of heading 88.01 or 88.02..................................................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 9018 Instruments and appliances used in medical, surgical, dental or veterinary............... 3105 Mineral or chemical fertilisers...................................................................................... 9031 Measuring or checking instruments, appliances and machines...................................

208

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

66 781.2 19 016.2 4 075.4 3 284.1 4 039.9 2 592.1 1 865.3 1 788.2 1 320.9 1 439.9 1 186.2

68 965.0 20 546.6 3 910.2 3 846.1 4 167.8 2 160.0 1 534.1 1 790.5 1 506.5 1 260.6 939.8

63 750.6 17 554.2 5 609.8 3 785.9 2 151.4 2 539.4 2 576.1 1 591.0 1 443.2 990.0 709.8

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

0.5 1.5

US$/kg

SITC code 667 776 542 598 542 792 764 872 562 874

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Israel Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-7.6 -15.6 -17.0 -65.1 -14.4 -12.4 10.6 -1.8 -27.3

100.0 2.7 1.3 0.4 24.3 33.0 28.7 8.5 1.1

62 058.2 4 733.9 1 411.7 7 390.5 7 575.5 13 603.1 20 197.1 6 638.0 508.3

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Transportation ( 28.9 %) Other business ( 41.5 %)

Travel ( 18.8 %) Remaining ( 5.8 %) Royalties & lic. fees ( 5.0 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.108)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

15

10

5

0

−5

0 −1

5 −1

0

100.0 7.6 2.3 11.9 12.2 21.9 32.5 10.7 0.8

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.06)

Top partner

−2

5

-14.2 -5.3 -11.6 -42.1 -7.4 -17.6 -4.3 -1.2 11.4

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −2

-4.2 0.0 -4.3 -14.2 -1.0 -6.8 -1.1 2.5 7.9

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

40

-1.5 -3.3 -7.7 -19.6 -4.7 -3.6 4.9 -0.9 35.4

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

63 750.6 1 717.5 858.4 275.2 15 479.2 21 065.0 18 274.9 5 409.3 671.1

2015 share

0%

2015

20

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 32.5, 21.9 and 12.2 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Diamonds, whether or not worked, but not mounted or set" (HS code 7102) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Areas nes, the United States and China, accounting for respectively 15.4, 12.0 and 9.5 percent of total imports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 9.3 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 6.5 bln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 4.2 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 7102 Diamonds, whether or not worked, but not mounted or set......................................... 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8542 Electronic integrated circuits......................................................................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 2701 Coal; briquettes, ovoids and similar solid fuels manufactured from coal.................... 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods....................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

71 995.0 9 014.2 9 062.5 3 220.1 3 698.8 1 846.6 1 450.9 1 471.4 1 298.3 1 157.1 773.1

Source: UN Comtrade

72 331.8 9 301.2 8 459.6 4 062.9 3 031.8 1 735.4 1 642.9 1 363.9 1 345.9 929.1 613.5

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

62 058.2 6 892.2 US$/kg 0.8 0.8 4 552.2 3 128.4 14.1 14.6 16.3 thsd US$/unit 1 790.4 2 531.3 1 656.7 1 295.1 1 284.8 US$/kg 730.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 thsd US$/unit 766.0 40.2

SITC code 667 333 781 334 776 764 542 752 321 782

209

Italy Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Italy fell for the first time since 2012, decreasing substantially by 13.4 percent to reach 458.8 bln US$, while its merchandise imports also decreased substantially by 13.7 percent to reach 409.0 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small surplus of 49.8 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed North America at 26.6 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Italy were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 28 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 25 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Italy increased slightly by 1.9 percent, reaching 111.0 bln US$, while its imports of services increased slightly by 4.6 percent and reached 111.3 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a relatively small trade in services deficit of 227.9 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

600 500 400 300 200 100 0 −100 −200 −300 −400 −500 −600

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

150

Imports

Trade Balance

100 50 (na)

0 (na)

−50 −100

Exports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 36.1, 18.0 and 17.8 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06)" (HS code 3004), although it decreased by 16.1 percent in 2015 (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Germany, France and the United States, accounting for respectively 12.4, 10.6 and 7.7 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) continued to account for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 45.5 bln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 29.6 bln US$ and "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 14.7 bln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

12

11

10

09

08

07

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

06

20

04

05

20

20

02

03

20

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−150

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Other business ( 26.6 %) Travel ( 41.0 %)

Transportation ( 13.2 %) Remaining ( 13.2 %)

Communication ( 6.0 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) Unit value 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2013 2014 2015 2013 2014 2015 Unit All Commodities............................................................................................................ 518 095.1 529 528.7 458 751.2 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 20 898.5 22 088.8 18 523.2 112.4 111.2 94.4 US$/kg 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 20 432.5 17 491.0 13 087.8 0.9 0.9 0.5 US$/kg 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 15 000.2 14 550.9 12 568.4 8.0 8.0 6.9 US$/kg 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 10 021.0 11 616.4 13 989.9 23.1 26.7 20.7 thsd US$/unit 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 11 430.0 11 175.5 8 904.6 6403 Footwear with outer soles of rubber, plastics, leather................................................. 8 839.2 9 141.0 7 695.3 66.3 69.2 61.5 US$/pair 8481 Taps, cocks, valves and similar appliances for pipes, boiler shells.............................. US$/kg 8 814.9 9 026.9 7 577.2 22.7 23.0 19.3 9403 Other furniture and parts thereof.................................................................................. 7 726.3 7 918.9 7 012.6 4202 Trunks, suit-cases, vanity-cases, executive-cases, brief-cases.................................... 6 818.6 7 310.9 6 450.0 7113 Articles of jewellery and parts thereof, of precious metal........................................... 6 982.6 6 937.9 6 298.9 8.3 7.5 6.0 thsd US$/kg HS code

210

Source: UN Comtrade

SITC code 542 334 784 781 931 851 747 821 831 897

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Italy Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-13.4 -10.2 -12.6 -24.9 -12.5 -16.5 -11.1 -13.1 -20.8

100.0 8.0 1.7 3.2 12.6 17.8 36.1 18.0 2.6

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

408 971.0 38 622.3 20 978.3 51 882.5 64 461.1 62 438.8 109 592.7 51 120.2 9 875.3

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Other business ( 24.1 %)

Transportation ( 23.2 %) Travel ( 25.9 %) Financial ( 6.4 %) Remaining ( 14.9 %)

Communication ( 5.4 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.048)

Top partner

25 th 10

80

60

40

20

20

40

0%

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

%

15 th

0%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

%

0

0

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category

30

0

25

0

20

0

15

10

50

0

0 −5

50

00 −1

00

−1

100.0 9.4 5.1 12.7 15.8 15.3 26.8 12.5 2.4

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.053)

Top partner

−2

50

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −2

-13.7 -14.2 -16.9 -32.9 -11.4 -13.0 -4.6 -8.4 -12.1

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

(% share in 2014)

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

-7.5 -4.2 -8.3 -17.1 -4.5 -6.9 -6.0 -3.5 -7.2

60

-3.2 -0.3 -4.6 -12.3 -0.6 -5.3 -2.6 -1.6 -11.3

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

80

458 751.2 36 701.1 7 634.0 14 716.9 57 793.8 81 645.2 165 813.2 82 475.6 11 971.5

2015 share

0%

2015

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 26.8, 15.8 and 15.3 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude" (HS code 2709), although it decreased by 38.4 percent in 2015 (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Germany, France and China, accounting for respectively 15.1, 8.6 and 7.0 percent of total imports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 28.8 bln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 26.8 bln US$ and "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 25.9 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) Unit value 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2013 2014 2015 2013 2014 2015 Unit All Commodities............................................................................................................ 479 336.4 474 082.6 408 971.0 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 46 459.8 38 523.9 23 749.8 0.8 0.7 0.4 US$/kg 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 29 068.4 22 202.8 16 652.3 0.6 0.5 0.4 US$/kg 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 20 206.4 22 865.4 22 575.0 17.0 17.5 15.1 thsd US$/unit 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 15 528.0 14 905.7 14 060.4 108.3 107.0 104.7 US$/kg 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 13 821.5 11 598.1 US$/kg 7 010.0 0.8 0.8 0.5 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 7 723.7 7 782.3 7 869.4 US$/kg 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 6 584.8 6 956.0 7 370.0 8.4 8.4 8.2 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 5 991.6 6 326.6 5 662.8 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 5 717.5 5 755.0 4 652.1 157.2 US$/unit 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 5 611.4 4 785.7 4 027.5 32.0 33.0 30.6 thsd US$/kg HS code

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Source: UN Comtrade

SITC code 333 343 781 542 334 764 784 931 752 971

211

Jamaica Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of Jamaica decreased moderately by 7.5 percent to reach 1.5 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased moderately by 6.1 percent to reach 5.8 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 4.4 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Latin America and the Caribbean at -1.8 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Jamaica were moderately concentrated amongst partners; imports were also moderately concentrated. The top 8 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 11 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Jamaica increased moderately by 7.3 percent, reaching 2.9 bln US$, while its imports of services increased moderately by 8.0 percent and reached 2.2 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services surplus of 626.1 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year)

Exports Profile: "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 47.6, 21.2 and 18.1 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Artificial corundum, whether or not chemically defined" (HS code 2818) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were the United States, Canada and the Netherlands, accounting for respectively 45.8, 12.0 and 5.5 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 2.3 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 218.2 mln US$ (see graph 3).

14

15 20

12

13

20

20

10

09

08

11

20

20

20

20

07

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−10

20

−8

06

−6

(na)

20

−4

Trade Balance

(na)

05

(na)

−2

Imports

20

(na)

0

04

2

20

4

03

6

20

8

Exports

3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 −0.5 −1 −1.5 −2 −2.5 −3 02

Trade Balance

20

10

Imports

20

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 78.9 %)

Remaining ( 13.5 %)

Transportation ( 7.6 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2818 Artificial corundum, whether or not chemically defined............................................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 2606 Aluminium ores and concentrates................................................................................. 2207 Alcohol of a strength by volume of 80 % vol or higher................................................. 2208 Alcohol of a strength by volume of less than 80 % vol................................................ 1701 Cane or beet sugar and chemically pure sucrose, in solid form................................... 0714 Manioc, arrowroot, sweet potatoes and similar roots................................................. 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 0901 Coffee, whether or not roasted or decaffeinated......................................................... 2103 Sauces and preparations therefor.................................................................................

212

Source: UN Comtrade

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

1 711.8 515.6 365.6 130.4 179.2 59.5 92.6 24.6 5.8 17.0 15.4

1 569.1 535.8 333.7 129.4 85.2 52.4 52.7 28.0 6.1 19.0 16.3

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

1 452.0 537.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 298.6 0.9 0.8 0.8 131.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.9 0.9 0.9 50.7 2.7 2.5 2.9 0.1 0.9 0.9 1.5 26.8 2.0 2.3 2.1 64.0 15.8 21.0 22.9 28.8 17.6 4.2 4.1 3.7

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/litre US$/litre US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

SITC code 285 334 285 512 112 061 054 931 071 098

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Jamaica Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2.3 -4.2 5.6 2.2 -23.7 32.7 -11.2 -8.4 40.0

-7.5 -19.6 1.4 -13.3 -74.4 283.1 -44.3 -32.4 292.2

100.0 18.1 47.6 21.2 1.9 3.5 1.5 1.1 5.1

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

5 835.5 932.0 104.5 1 936.3 615.6 614.3 967.6 493.4 171.9

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance

100.0 16.0 1.8 33.2 10.5 10.5 16.6 8.5 2.9

Trade balance

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.186)

(% share in 2014) Other business ( 27.0 %) Transportation ( 40.9 %)

Travel ( 8.9 %) Insurance ( 7.9 %) Remaining ( 15.4 %)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

10

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.194)

5 th

1

0.5

0

.5 −0

−1

−1

.5

Top partner

%

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania

40

Exports

−2

-6.1 -10.1 4.6 -14.3 -19.1 2.1 7.6 11.0 51.3

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014)

Imports

.5

2.8 1.2 2.5 5.1 -3.1 1.1 5.0 0.6 16.5

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014)

−2

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

60

1 452.0 263.0 691.1 307.4 28.2 50.5 21.8 16.3 73.5

2014 share

80

2014

0%

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 33.2, 16.6 and 16.0 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the United States, the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela and Trinidad and Tobago, accounting for respectively 36.3, 14.0 and 11.1 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 914.3 mln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 602.4 mln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 197.9 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 2207 Alcohol of a strength by volume of 80 % vol or higher................................................. 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 2815 Sodium hydroxide (caustic soda)................................................................................... 1005 Maize (corn)................................................................................................................... 2106 Food preparations not elsewhere specified or included...............................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

6 580.4 1 362.0 939.3 384.3 224.4 116.3 132.6 59.7 85.5 77.6 64.5

Source: UN Comtrade

6 216.2 1 265.7 921.2 231.8 210.0 113.6 122.5 66.2 79.7 81.3 71.1

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

5 835.5 US$/kg 1 218.1 0.9 0.8 0.8 US$/kg 642.6 0.7 0.8 0.7 82.7 1.0 1.0 0.9 US$/litre 173.4 17.5 16.8 17.0 thsd US$/unit 171.9 US$/kg 137.6 43.7 49.2 22.5 103.4 US$/kg 63.7 0.3 0.8 0.2 US$/kg 69.4 0.5 0.5 0.3 US$/kg 71.6 9.0 6.1 5.5

SITC code 334 333 512 781 931 542 764 522 044 098

213

Japan Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Japan decreased moderately by 9.4 percent to reach 625.0 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 22.9 percent to reach 626.1 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small deficit of 1.1 bln US$, narrowing substantially from the merchandise trade deficit in 2014 of 122.0 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed North America at 56.6 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Japan were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 16 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 17 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Japan increased substantially by 15.5 percent, reaching 169.8 bln US$, and its imports of services also increased substantially by 10.9 percent and reached 180.1 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a relatively small trade in services deficit of 10.3 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

1000

Imports

Trade Balance

800

Exports

200

Imports

Trade Balance

150

600

100

400 200

50

0

0

−200

−50

(na) (na)

−400

Exports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 58.7, 12.4 and 10.1 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport" (HS code 8703), but exports of this commodity dropped by 2.8 percent from 2014 to 2015 (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were the United States, China and the Republic of Korea, accounting for respectively 19.3, 18.0 and 7.5 percent of total exports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 46.3 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 39.6 bln US$ and "Royalties and license fees" (EBOPS code 266) at 36.9 bln US$ (see graph 3).

14

15 20

13

20

12

20

11

20

09

10

20

20

08

20

07

20

05

04

02

06

20

20

20

20

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

05

−200 04

−1000 03

−150

02

−800

03

−100

−600

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Transportation ( 23.3 %)

Royalties & lic. fees ( 21.7 %) Other business ( 27.3 %) Travel ( 11.1 %) Remaining ( 10.0 %)

Construction ( 6.7 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2013 2014 2015 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 715 097.2 690 217.5 625 024.8 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 91 688.8 88 542.8 86 050.9 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 35 791.4 35 844.4 37 086.4 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 35 301.2 32 493.0 28 616.9 8542 Electronic integrated circuits......................................................................................... 26 994.8 25 477.7 23 643.3 8486 Machines and apparatus used for the manufacture of semiconductor devices........... 12 691.2 13 021.3 13 137.7 8901 Cruise ships, excursion boats, ferry-boats, cargo ships, barges................................... 14 867.8 12 245.6 11 000.3 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 14 665.6 13 373.9 9 616.6 8443 Printing machinery used for printing by means of the printing type, blocks................ 12 512.5 11 512.6 10 405.1 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 10 105.1 10 492.5 9 676.6 8541 Diodes, transistors and similar semiconductor devices................................................ 9 062.4 9 046.2 8 419.1 HS code

214

Source: UN Comtrade

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

SITC code

18.5 18.2 17.3 thsd US$/unit 781

931 784 776 728 793 US$/kg 334 0.9 0.9 0.5 726 18.5 17.4 15.7 thsd US$/unit 782 776

12.7 12.1 11.2

US$/kg

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Japan Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-6.7 2.4 -6.3 -8.5 -7.1 -8.4 -6.5 -6.8 -3.7

-9.4 8.9 -16.5 -27.9 -12.8 -14.1 -8.3 -10.8 4.9

100.0 0.8 1.5 1.8 10.1 12.4 58.7 8.0 6.8

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

626 082.8 57 823.9 42 926.8 128 458.8 63 585.6 55 804.9 176 607.5 89 729.9 11 145.5

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Transportation ( 25.5 %)

Other business ( 32.7 %)

Royalties & lic. fees ( 11.6 %)

Travel ( 10.7 %) Remaining ( 8.5 %)

Construction ( 5.8 %) Computer & information ( 5.2 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.091)

Top partner

25 th 10

80

60

40

20

20

40

0%

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

%

15 th

0%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

%

0 25

0

0

0

20

15

10

50

0

0 −5

00 −1

00

50 −1

100.0 9.2 6.9 20.5 10.2 8.9 28.2 14.3 1.8

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.094)

Top partner

60

Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania 50

-22.9 -9.1 -22.2 -51.0 -1.1 -12.4 -9.3 -7.8 -0.8

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015)

Imports

−2

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015)

−2

-7.5 -5.8 -11.2 -17.3 -4.3 -6.6 -0.2 -2.1 -4.3

80

625 024.8 4 933.6 9 554.6 11 403.3 62 861.9 77 204.1 366 811.3 49 768.9 42 487.2

2015 share

0%

2015

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 28.2, 20.5 and 14.3 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude" (HS code 2709), although imports of this commodity fell by 65.6 percent in value terms from 2014 to 2015 (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were China, the United States and Australia, accounting for respectively 23.0, 9.4 and 5.9 percent of total imports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 58.9 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 45.9 bln US$ and "Royalties and license fees" (EBOPS code 266) at 20.9 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) Unit value 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2013 2014 2015 2013 2014 2015 Unit All Commodities............................................................................................................ 833 166.1 812 184.8 626 082.8 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 145 720.8 130 657.5 44 998.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 US$/kg 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 83 330.4 84 493.9 51 141.7 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 25 991.0 25 512.8 22 680.3 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 26 882.1 24 963.4 14 489.5 0.9 0.9 0.5 US$/kg US$/kg 2701 Coal; briquettes, ovoids and similar solid fuels manufactured from coal.................... 23 608.1 19 748.7 16 312.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 8542 Electronic integrated circuits......................................................................................... 16 501.6 16 780.9 16 913.3 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 16 473.9 16 808.2 13 500.2 179.8 189.0 184.2 US$/unit 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 14 790.8 13 718.1 17 270.3 278.6 267.1 339.4 US$/kg 2601 Iron ores and concentrates, including roasted iron pyrites........................................... 17 391.5 15 917.2 US$/kg 9 263.5 0.1 0.1 0.1 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 10 484.6 10 460.8 10 687.6 HS code

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Source: UN Comtrade

SITC code 333 343 764 334 321 776 752 542 281 931

215

Jordan Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Jordan decreased moderately by 6.3 percent to reach 7.9 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 11.9 percent to reach 20.0 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 12.2 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at -4.4 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Jordan were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 12 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 21 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2013, the value of exports of services of Jordan decreased slightly by 1.0 percent, reaching 6.4 bln US$, while its imports of services increased slightly by 0.7 percent and reached 4.6 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services surplus of 1.8 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

25

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

8

20

Imports

Trade Balance

6

15

4

10 5

2

0

0

−5

−2

(na) (na) (na) (na)

−10

Exports Profile: "Chemicals" (SITC section 5), "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 29.2, 23.9 and 19.5 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Other garments, knitted or crocheted" (HS code 6114) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were the United States, Iraq and Saudi Arabia, accounting for respectively 16.5, 14.2 and 13.1 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2013 at 4.1 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 1.4 bln US$ and "Government services, n.i.e." (EBOPS code 291) at 331.4 mln US$ (see graph 3).

14

15 20

12

13

20

20

10

09

08

07

11

20

20

20

20

20

06

20

04

05

20

20

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

05

−8 04

−25 03

−6

02

−20

03

−4

−15

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013) Travel ( 64.8 %)

Transportation ( 22.1 %) Remaining ( 8.0 %)

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 5.2 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 6114 Other garments, knitted or crocheted........................................................................... 3104 Mineral or chemical fertilisers, potassic....................................................................... 2510 Natural calcium phosphates.......................................................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 0702 Tomatoes, fresh or chilled............................................................................................. 3003 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 3102 Mineral or chemical fertilisers, nitrogenous................................................................. 0104 Live sheep and goats..................................................................................................... 8544 Insulated (including enamelled or anodised) wire, cable............................................. 6109 T-shirts, singlets and other vests, knitted or crocheted................................................

216

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

7 919.6 905.6 604.7 376.7 451.8 316.3 256.8 220.9 218.0 185.3 116.2

8 385.3 1 021.2 602.5 469.7 386.9 399.0 256.2 297.1 206.0 205.2 141.6

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

7 860.3 1 129.9 23.1 23.5 24.5 0.9 641.6 520.8 0.1 0.1 0.1 405.2 56.4 50.1 50.7 332.1 0.5 0.8 0.8 216.9 21.3 20.8 20.2 153.0 0.5 0.5 0.5 200.4 350.0 128.6 5.4 5.5 4.1 153.7 5.2 4.8 5.0

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/unit US$/kg US$/unit

SITC code 845 562 272 542 054 542 562 001 773 845

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Jordan Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-0.3 5.6 -5.8 -13.3 -2.8 -3.7 -1.8 6.7 -31.9

-6.3 -5.5 6.7 -37.2 -14.0 -12.8 -11.4 3.5 157.5

100.0 19.5 8.3 0.1 29.2 8.8 9.5 23.9 0.7

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

20 043.0 3 494.9 526.9 3 331.4 2 166.3 3 140.6 4 693.8 1 433.6 1 255.6

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance

2.3 6.6 -1.0 -10.9 1.9 2.3 8.5 4.7 42.9

100.0 17.4 2.6 16.6 10.8 15.7 23.4 7.2 6.3

Trade balance

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.06)

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013) Transportation ( 57.8 %)

Travel ( 23.7 %)

Remaining ( 9.0 %)

Insurance ( 9.5 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.09)

Top partner

25 th 10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

%

15 th

0%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

3

2

1

0

−1

−2

−3

Top partner

%

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania

40

Exports

−4

-11.9 -7.4 -10.6 -46.2 -5.9 -4.8 12.5 -3.5 36.4

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015)

Imports

−5

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015)

−6

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

60

7 860.3 1 536.0 650.5 10.2 2 294.1 692.1 743.7 1 875.3 58.4

2015 share

0%

2015

4

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 23.4, 17.4 and 16.6 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Saudi Arabia, China and the United States, accounting for respectively 18.0, 11.2 and 6.1 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2013 at 2.6 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 1.1 bln US$ and "Insurance services" (EBOPS code 253) at 435.7 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 6006 Other knitted or crocheted fabrics................................................................................. 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods....................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

21 549.0 2 634.8 2 284.7 733.6 522.3 464.3 388.7 390.9 329.9 245.0 227.9

Source: UN Comtrade

22 740.3 3 421.1 2 313.6 975.3 543.9 295.0 374.1 405.0 376.6 321.1 251.5

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

20 043.0 US$/kg 1 351.6 0.9 0.8 0.5 US$/kg 1 313.2 0.8 0.7 0.4 1 050.5 18.9 18.5 13.4 thsd US$/unit 867.0 44.3 39.5 39.4 thsd US$/kg US$/kg 539.5 0.4 0.6 0.4 474.4 US$/kg 421.7 43.8 41.3 44.2 388.5 US$/kg 330.6 8.4 8.4 8.5 18.5 thsd US$/unit 402.1

SITC code 334 333 781 971 343 764 542 931 655 782

217

Kazakhstan Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of Kazakhstan decreased moderately by 6.2 percent to reach 79.5 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 15.4 percent to reach 41.3 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large surplus of 38.2 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at 37.4 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Kazakhstan were diversified amongst partners; imports were moderately concentrated. The top 12 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 12 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Kazakhstan increased substantially by 24.0 percent, reaching 6.3 bln US$, while its imports of services increased slightly by 4.7 percent and reached 12.8 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services deficit of 6.4 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

100

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

15

Imports

Trade Balance

80 10

60 40

5

20

(na)

(na)

0

0 (na)

−20

(na)

−5

−40 −60

−10

−80

Exports Profile: "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 76.4, 9.1 and 5.0 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude" (HS code 2709) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Italy, China and the Netherlands, accounting for respectively 18.7, 15.9 and 10.2 percent of total exports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 3.8 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 1.3 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 557.1 mln US$ (see graph 3).

14

15 20

13

20

12

20

10

09

11

20

20

20

08

20

07

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

03

20

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

02

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−15

−100

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Transportation ( 60.5 %)

Travel ( 20.8 %)

Other business ( 8.8 %)

Remaining ( 10.0 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 7403 Refined copper and copper alloys, unwrought.............................................................. 7202 Ferro-alloys.................................................................................................................... 2844 Radioactive chemical elements and radioactive isotopes............................................ 2601 Iron ores and concentrates, including roasted iron pyrites........................................... 1001 Wheat and meslin......................................................................................................... 2603 Copper ores and concentrates....................................................................................... 7901 Unwrought zinc..............................................................................................................

218

Source: UN Comtrade

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

92 281.5 56 442.4 3 620.0 3 226.8 3 427.9 3 893.0 2 752.9 2 416.2 1 599.1 818.1 1 030.9

84 698.5 57 249.5 3 384.4 3 151.8 2 693.5 1 722.3 2 332.1 1 566.3 1 253.9 587.3 487.0

79 458.7 53 626.9 3 296.6 2 977.2 1 711.6 1 839.5 2 082.9 1 108.5 960.1 825.2 587.6

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

0.8 0.2

0.8 0.2 0.6 6.6

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

81.4 69.4 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 1.1 1.3 1.8 1.8 2.1

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

0.6 7.6 0.1

0.8 0.2 0.6 7.1

SITC code 333 343 334 682 671 525 281 041 283 686

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Kazakhstan Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

8.5 5.4 6.3 10.3 3.2 -0.5 52.3 41.5 -26.0

-6.2 -6.8 -6.1 -6.1 -7.7 -12.6 50.5 -10.5 -43.4

100.0 2.9 5.0 76.4 3.6 9.1 2.3 0.3 0.3

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

41 295.5 4 058.3 974.7 2 317.2 4 651.0 7 497.6 16 993.0 4 742.7 60.9

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.155)

(% share in 2014)

Other business ( 45.8 %)

Transportation ( 18.6 %)

Construction ( 13.2 %)

Remaining ( 9.2 %)

Travel ( 13.2 %)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

10

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.089)

5 th

50

40

30

20

10

0

Top partner

%

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania 0

100.0 9.8 2.4 5.6 11.3 18.2 41.1 11.5 0.1

40

Exports

−1

-15.4 -5.8 8.1 -57.6 -9.4 -23.7 -7.1 -0.6 -35.7

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014)

Imports

0

14.5 17.1 23.0 -0.7 12.9 14.6 15.1 21.7 39.0

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014)

−2

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

60

79 458.7 2 295.8 3 994.3 60 700.6 2 851.7 7 269.2 1 859.8 225.3 262.0

2014 share

80

2014

0%

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 41.1, 18.2 and 11.5 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport" (HS code 8703) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the Russian Federation, China and Germany, accounting for respectively 36.3, 17.2 and 5.2 percent of total imports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 5.9 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 2.4 bln US$ and "Construction services" (EBOPS code 249) at 1.7 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 7305 Other tubes and pipes (for example, welded, riveted or similarly closed)................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 8606 Railway or tramway goods vans and wagons, not self-propelled................................ 7304 Tubes, pipes and hollow profiles, seamless, of iron (other than cast iron).................. 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods....................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

44 538.1 1 384.1 2 198.9 1 455.0 1 018.1 997.6 779.6 906.9 1 642.2 565.8 588.3

Source: UN Comtrade

48 804.6 2 190.0 2 841.3 1 599.3 1 285.5 1 754.1 1 024.8 1 062.9 373.9 800.2 657.0

41 295.5 2 330.0 188.0 1 412.5 1 108.4 269.7 1 064.9 630.4 287.4 688.6 524.4

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

SITC code

11.4 19.9 18.1 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 0.4 0.4 0.4 US$/kg 0.7 0.6 0.7 US$/kg 32.6 35.0 34.5 US$/kg 2.3 1.1 1.6 78.5 75.9 68.4 0.9 28.3

781 333 334 542 679 764 US$/unit 752 thsd US$/unit 791 US$/kg 679 1.9 thsd US$/unit 782

219

Kenya Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2013, the value of merchandise exports of Kenya was 5.5 bln US$, while its merchandise imports was 16.4 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 10.9 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Southern Asia at -2.6 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Kenya were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 21 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 18 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Kenya decreased slightly by 0.8 percent, reaching 4.9 bln US$, while its imports of services increased substantially by 20.5 percent and reached 2.9 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services surplus of 2.1 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

20

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

5

Imports

Trade Balance

4

15

3

10

2

5 (na) (na)

1

(na) (na)

0

(na) (na) (na)

(na)

(na) (na) (na)

(na)

0 (na) (na)

(na) (na)

−1

−5

−2

−10

Exports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2013, representing respectively 42.0, 15.0 and 12.8 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2011 to 2013, the largest export commodity was "Tea, whether or not flavoured" (HS code 0902) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Uganda, the United Kingdom and the United Republic of Tanzania, accounting for respectively 11.9, 7.9 and 7.7 percent of total exports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 2.2 bln US$, followed by "Government services, n.i.e." (EBOPS code 291) at 908.1 mln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 810.7 mln US$ (see graph 3).

14

15 20

13

20

12

20

10

09

08

07

11

20

20

20

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

04

−5 03

−20 02

−4

03

−3

−15

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 18.5 %) Transportation ( 44.6 %)

Travel ( 16.5 %)

Remaining ( 7.2 %)

Communication ( 13.3 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2011 to 2013 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 0902 Tea, whether or not flavoured....................................................................................... 0603 Cut flowers and flower buds of a kind suitable for bouquets....................................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 0901 Coffee, whether or not roasted or decaffeinated......................................................... 0708 Leguminous vegetables, shelled or unshelled, fresh or chilled.................................... 2836 Carbonates; peroxocarbonates (percarbonates)........................................................... 2523 Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement....................................................... 2402 Cigars, cheroots, cigarillos and cigarettes.................................................................... 3923 Articles for the conveyance or packing of goods, of plastics....................................... 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)...................................................................

220

Source: UN Comtrade

2011

Value (million US$) 2012 2013

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

5 537.0 1 218.2 480.0 203.7 190.8 126.7 107.8 103.6 103.4 90.6 88.9

Unit value 2011 2012 2013 Unit

2.7

4.0

US$/kg US$/kg

3.8 3.0

US$/kg US$/kg

0.1

US$/kg

2.6

US$/kg

SITC code 074 292 334 071 054 523 661 122 893 971

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Kenya Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2009-2013 2012-2013

5.5 5.6 3.8 3.9 1.5 6.7 -1.8 8.1 56.9

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

100.0 42.0 15.0 3.9 8.8 12.8 3.9 10.6 3.0

16 394.5 1 170.7 859.1 3 870.3 2 282.5 2 627.4 4 623.7 794.6 166.0

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Transportation ( 53.1 %)

Other business ( 15.4 %)

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 8.2 %) Travel ( 7.2 %) Remaining ( 3.8 %) Royalties & lic. fees ( 5.2 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.049)

Top partner

0% 10

80

60

40

20

20

80

%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

0%

15 th

%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

0%

5 th

10

2

1

1.5

0

0.5

.5

−1

−0

.5

−2

−1

.5

−3

100.0 7.1 5.2 23.6 13.9 16.0 28.2 4.8 1.0

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.072)

Top partner

−2

.5

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2013) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −3

12.6 -0.3 10.3 15.3 14.5 16.9 10.5 17.5 276.9

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2013 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2013) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2009-2013 2012-2013

2013

40

5 537.0 2 327.2 830.1 218.3 485.8 710.0 213.8 586.2 165.5

2013 share

60

2013

2.5

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2013, representing respectively 28.2, 23.6 and 16.0 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2011 to 2013, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were India, China and the United Arab Emirates, accounting for respectively 18.3, 12.9 and 8.3 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 1.5 bln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 440.4 mln US$ and "Government services, n.i.e." (EBOPS code 291) at 235.2 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Insurance ( 7.0 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2011 to 2013 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 1511 Palm oil and its fractions............................................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 7208 Flat-rolled products of iron or non-alloy steel............................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 1001 Wheat and meslin......................................................................................................... 8701 Tractors (other than tractors of heading 87.09)............................................................ 3105 Mineral or chemical fertilisers......................................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2011

Source: UN Comtrade

Value (million US$) 2012 2013

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

16 394.5 3 231.6 518.9 496.4 476.5 407.2 381.3 355.0 256.3 231.4 230.7

Unit value 2011 2012 2013 Unit

SITC code 334

US$/kg 422 0.9 6.7 thsd US$/unit 781 US$/kg 333 0.8 US$/kg 0.7 US$/kg 24.8 US$/kg 0.4 36.2 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 0.5

764 673 542 041 722 562

221

Kiribati Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2013, the value of merchandise exports of Kiribati increased substantially by 14.8 percent to reach 6.7 mln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 10.5 percent to reach 97.1 mln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 90.4 mln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Asia-Pacific at -41.9 mln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Kiribati were diversified amongst partners; imports were moderately concentrated. The top 7 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 5 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Kiribati decreased substantially by 12.5 percent, reaching 12.0 mln US$, while its imports of services decreased substantially by 21.6 percent and reached 53.7 mln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services deficit of 41.7 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Mln US$ by year)

(Mln US$ by year) Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

80

Imports

Trade Balance

60 40 20 (na) (na) (na)

(na)

(na) (na)

(na)

0 (na) (na)

(na) (na)

(na)

−20 −40 −60

Exports Profile: "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2013, representing respectively 49.4, 32.5 and 11.6 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2011 to 2013, the largest export commodity was "Coconut (copra), palm kernel or babassu oil" (HS code 1513) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Other Asia nes, Morocco and Marshall Islands, accounting for respectively 30.0, 27.1 and 12.9 percent of total exports. "Financial services" (EBOPS code 260) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 3.5 mln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 2.9 mln US$ and "Construction services" (EBOPS code 249) at 2.2 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

13

20

12

20

11

20

09

10

20

20

08

20

07

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

03

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−80 20

120 100 80 60 40 20 0 −20 −40 −60 −80 −100 −120

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 24.5 %)

Construction ( 18.1 %) Financial ( 29.3 %) Transportation ( 9.5 %) Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 7.6 %)

Remaining ( 11.0 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2011 to 2013 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2002 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 1513 Coconut (copra), palm kernel or babassu oil................................................................. 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 0305 Fish, dried, salted or in brine......................................................................................... 1203 Copra.............................................................................................................................. 2306 Oil-cake and other solid residues.................................................................................. 1212 Locust beans, seaweeds and other algae..................................................................... 8903 Yachts and other vessels for pleasure or sports; rowing boats and canoes................ 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 0302 Fish, fresh or chilled, excluding fish fillets.................................................................... 7616 Other articles of aluminium...........................................................................................

222

Source: UN Comtrade

2011

Value (million US$) 2012 2013

8.6 5.8 0.0 0.8 ... 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.3 ... 0.0

5.8 3.8 0.0 0.9 ... 0.2 ... ... 0.1 0.0 0.1

Unit value 2011 2012 2013 Unit

6.7 2.3 1.1 2.2 0.3 7.9 0.8 0.1 0.6 0.2 8.3 ... 624.4 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.5

2.1 7.6 18.0 2.0 0.6 1.7 0.9

0.5

SITC code

US$/kg

422 334 US$/kg 035 US$/kg 223 US$/kg 081 US$/kg 292 thsd US$/unit 793 931 034 US$/kg 699

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Kiribati Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2009-2013 2012-2013

1.6 -25.3 11.2 ... -4.4 -32.3 -3.9 -24.4

14.8 -41.2 -13.2 > -49.4 38.2 -84.5 -32.1

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

100.0 11.6 49.4 32.5 1.0 4.1 0.6 0.8

97.1 34.5 2.3 18.8 3.4 9.7 22.0 5.2 1.3

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.163)

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Transportation ( 45.3 %)

Construction ( 20.3 %)

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 18.1 %) Remaining ( 5.1 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.124)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

0

−5

0 −1

5 −1

0

5

−2

0

−2

−3

−3

5

Top partner

0

100.0 35.6 2.4 19.4 3.5 9.9 22.6 5.3 1.3

40

Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −4

-10.5 -3.9 8.2 5.3 -21.8 -50.5 -1.1 0.6 -11.8

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2013)

Imports

5

9.7 5.4 20.2 14.6 2.6 10.8 11.9 12.7 40.0

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2013 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Mln US$ by MDG Regions in 2013)

−4

Avg. Growth rates 2009-2013 2012-2013

2013

60

6.7 0.8 3.3 2.2 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.1

2013 share

0%

2013

5

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2013, representing respectively 35.6, 22.6 and 19.4 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2011 to 2013, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Australia, Singapore and Fiji, accounting for respectively 28.8, 18.0 and 14.1 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 24.3 mln US$, followed by "Construction services" (EBOPS code 249) at 10.9 mln US$ and "Government services, n.i.e." (EBOPS code 291) at 9.7 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Travel ( 11.2 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2011 to 2013 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2002 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 1006 Rice................................................................................................................................ 2403 Other manufactured tobacco and tobacco substitutes................................................. 1701 Cane or beet sugar and pure sucrose, in solid form..................................................... 1602 Other prepared or preserved meat, meat offal or blood............................................... 1101 Wheat or meslin flour.................................................................................................... 8903 Yachts and other vessels for pleasure or sports; rowing boats and canoes................ 1212 Locust beans, seaweeds and other algae..................................................................... 8901 Cruise ships, excursion boats, ferry-boats, cargo ships, barges................................... 0207 Meat and edible offal, of the poultry of heading 01.05................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2011

Value (million US$) 2012 2013

91.7 17.3 10.3 3.8 5.5 3.2 2.7 0.1 2.0 0.6 1.7

Source: UN Comtrade

108.6 17.6 8.4 5.0 2.7 2.1 2.3 6.9 2.2 1.1 1.5

Unit value 2011 2012 2013 Unit

97.1 18.5 8.5 1.0 3.7 43.4 3.0 0.9 2.2 6.5 2.1 0.8 0.2 6.8 2.0 20.8 3.4 304.5 1.5 2.3

0.9 0.8 48.0 45.4 0.8 0.7

15.7 6.1 0.7 0.7 7.0 8.2 17.6 20.5 90.0 427.6 2.3 2.2

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg thsd US$/unit US$/kg thsd US$/unit US$/kg

SITC code 334 042 122 061 017 046 793 292 793 012

223

Korea, Republic of Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of the Republic of Korea increased slightly by 2.4 percent to reach 573.1 bln US$, while its merchandise imports increased slightly by 1.9 percent to reach 525.6 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small surplus of 47.5 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Eastern Asia at 80.7 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in the Republic of Korea were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 21 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 18 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of the Republic of Korea increased substantially by 15.8 percent, reaching 116.7 bln US$, while its imports of services increased slightly by 4.0 percent and reached 105.6 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a relatively small trade in services surplus of 11.1 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year)

Exports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 55.0, 13.2 and 11.8 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were China, the United States and Japan, accounting for respectively 25.3, 11.4 and 6.3 percent of total exports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 35.0 bln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 34.3 bln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 18.1 bln US$ (see graph 3).

Trade Balance

15

14

20

13

20

12

20

10

09

11

20

20

20

07

08

20

20

05

06

20

20

20

04

(na)

03

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

(na)

Imports

(na)

20

(na)

Exports

120 100 80 60 40 20 0 −20 −40 −60 −80 −100 −120 02

Trade Balance

20

600 500 400 300 200 100 0 −100 −200 −300 −400 −500 −600

Imports

20

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Other business ( 29.4 %)

Transportation ( 30.0 %)

Travel ( 15.5 %)

Remaining ( 10.4 %)

Construction ( 14.7 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 Value (million US$) Unit value 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2012 2013 2014 2012 2013 2014 Unit All Commodities............................................................................................................ 547 854.4 559 618.6 573 074.8 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 54 726.3 51 003.4 49 097.8 1.0 0.9 0.9 US$/kg 8542 Electronic integrated circuits......................................................................................... 41 346.6 47 118.0 51 543.9 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 42 387.5 44 283.4 44 816.4 15.9 16.4 thsd US$/unit 9013 Liquid crystal devices.................................................................................................... 27 525.0 25 308.8 24 884.2 8901 Cruise ships, excursion boats, ferry-boats, cargo ships, barges................................... 30 566.1 24 365.5 21 838.1 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 20 962.1 25 604.6 27 665.7 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 22 632.1 23 840.0 24 265.3 8.1 8.3 8.3 US$/kg 8905 Light-vessels, fire-floats, dredgers, floating cranes and other vessels........................ 7 216.0 11 328.8 16 329.6 2902 Cyclic hydrocarbons....................................................................................................... US$/kg 9 065.8 10 408.3 10 659.4 1.3 1.4 1.3 8529 Parts suitable for use with the apparatus of headings 85.25 to 85.28......................... US$/kg 7 091.8 7 951.8 7 240.0 23.2 29.1 28.3 HS code

224

Source: UN Comtrade

SITC code 334 776 781 871 793 764 784 793 511 764

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Korea, Republic of Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

5.3 7.0 3.4 12.8 8.5 5.8 4.5 0.5 -21.4

2.4 5.4 -4.1 -2.7 2.4 5.5 3.1 0.1 -18.6

100.0 1.1 1.1 9.2 11.8 13.2 55.0 8.3 0.2

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

525 557.0 24 384.0 35 888.6 175 718.0 47 194.8 58 039.0 141 752.2 41 218.7 1 361.7

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category Transportation ( 29.2 %)

Other business ( 29.6 %)

Travel ( 22.2 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.093)

Top partner

25 th 10

80

60

40

20

20

40

0%

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

%

15 th

0%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

%

0 20

0 15

0 10

50

0

0 −5

00 −1

100.0 4.6 6.8 33.4 9.0 11.0 27.0 7.8 0.3

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.065)

Top partner

60

Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania 50

1.9 6.5 0.2 -2.6 1.1 5.3 5.2 7.2 -3.2

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014)

Imports

(% share in 2014)

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014)

−1

5.4 9.1 3.0 9.4 3.6 0.8 3.5 6.9 -3.5

80

573 074.8 6 456.0 6 502.0 52 670.6 67 726.0 75 652.2 315 169.0 47 739.2 1 159.7

2014 share

0%

2014

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 33.4, 27.0 and 11.0 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude" (HS code 2709) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were China, Japan and the United States, accounting for respectively 16.3, 11.4 and 8.4 percent of total imports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 31.2 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 30.8 bln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 23.5 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Remaining ( 19.0 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 Value (million US$) Unit value 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2012 2013 2014 2012 2013 2014 Unit All Commodities............................................................................................................ 519 575.6 515 573.0 525 557.0 US$/kg 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 108 298.2 99 333.2 94 971.6 0.8 0.8 0.8 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 33 834.1 36 320.7 36 585.9 0.8 0.8 0.9 US$/kg 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 25 700.6 28 842.4 29 661.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 US$/kg 8542 Electronic integrated circuits......................................................................................... 25 421.6 27 808.5 29 927.3 2701 Coal; briquettes, ovoids and similar solid fuels manufactured from coal.................... 15 908.0 12 951.0 11 995.4 0.1 0.1 0.1 US$/kg 2601 Iron ores and concentrates, including roasted iron pyrites........................................... US$/kg 9 531.7 8 354.2 8 492.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 8486 Machines and apparatus used for the manufacture of semiconductor devices........... 8 219.3 6 436.7 7 735.6 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 5 373.1 5 857.8 9 569.4 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 24.3 23.7 thsd US$/unit 4 567.4 5 572.6 8 086.5 7208 Flat-rolled products of iron or non-alloy steel............................................................... US$/kg 5 994.8 4 233.6 4 727.1 0.7 0.6 0.6 HS code

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Source: UN Comtrade

SITC code 333 343 334 776 321 281 728 764 781 673

225

Kuwait Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Kuwait decreased substantially by 45.5 percent to reach 55.2 bln US$, while its merchandise imports increased slightly by 1.3 percent to reach 31.9 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a moderate surplus of 23.3 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at -7.1 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Kuwait were highly concentrated amongst partners; imports were diversified. The top 1 partner accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 19 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Kuwait increased slightly by 1.8 percent, reaching 5.9 bln US$, while its imports of services increased substantially by 13.6 percent and reached 22.4 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services deficit of 16.5 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

120 100 80 60 40 20 0 −20 −40 −60 −80 −100 −120

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

25

Imports

Trade Balance

20 15 10 (na)

5

(na)

(na)

0 (na)

(na)

(na)

(na)

−5 −10 −15 −20

Exports Profile: "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3), "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) and "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 89.1, 5.0 and 2.7 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude" (HS code 2709) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Areas nes, China and the United Arab Emirates, accounting for respectively 92.8, 1.1 and 0.9 percent of total exports. "Communications services" (EBOPS code 245) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 2.9 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 1.6 bln US$ and "Government services, n.i.e." (EBOPS code 291) at 549.9 mln US$ (see graph 3).

14

15 20

13

20

11

12

20

20

09

10

20

20

07

08

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

02

03

20

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−25

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Communication ( 49.0 %)

Transportation ( 26.4 %)

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 9.3 %)

Remaining ( 9.3 %)

Travel ( 5.9 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2013 2014 2015 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 114 404.1 101 132.0 55 161.6 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 79 041.0 69 298.2 34 142.7 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 24 980.5 22 828.9 12 986.0 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 3 764.8 2 386.1 1 856.5 2905 Acyclic alcohols and their derivatives........................................................................... 1 149.9 994.6 834.2 3901 Polymers of ethylene, in primary forms......................................................................... 1 419.2 823.6 649.4 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 506.6 569.6 652.1 2902 Cyclic hydrocarbons....................................................................................................... 34.5 714.3 288.8 3102 Mineral or chemical fertilisers, nitrogenous................................................................. 402.7 328.6 262.6 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 236.8 324.3 204.9 7113 Articles of jewellery and parts thereof, of precious metal........................................... 290.0 217.6 183.7 HS code

226

Source: UN Comtrade

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

0.8 0.9

0.7 0.8

1.1 1.0 1.1 1.0 19.5 6.1 1.3 1.3 0.4 0.3 14.9 8.1 45.6 43.2

SITC code

US$/kg US$/kg

333 334 343 US$/kg 512 0.7 US$/kg 571 1.0 19.0 thsd US$/unit 781 US$/kg 511 0.9 US$/kg 562 0.3 15.4 thsd US$/unit 782 3.4 thsd US$/kg 897

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Kuwait Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-45.5 5.7 -30.4 -48.0 -15.6 -38.8 -1.8 -0.5 >

100.0 0.9 0.3 89.1 5.0 0.6 2.7 0.9 0.4

31 907.2 4 887.5 833.1 194.2 3 367.2 4 702.0 12 398.4 4 819.1 705.8

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Travel ( 47.4 %)

Transportation ( 23.3 %)

Construction ( 11.3 %) Remaining ( 4.8 %) Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 6.1 %)

Other business ( 7.1 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.79)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

2

1

0

−1

−2

−3

−4

−5

−6

100.0 15.3 2.6 0.6 10.6 14.7 38.9 15.1 2.2

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.062)

Top partner

−7

1.3 3.8 14.8 -4.7 5.2 -4.3 1.1 2.0 -5.4

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −8

6.1 5.0 11.3 5.3 6.7 -0.1 7.0 10.2 17.7

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

40

-14.4 16.2 -12.1 -15.7 -3.7 -7.6 17.3 19.2 153.7

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

55 161.6 512.1 152.8 49 145.5 2 780.6 356.4 1 480.8 514.7 218.6

2015 share

0%

2015

3

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 38.9, 15.3 and 15.1 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport" (HS code 8703) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were China, the United States and the United Arab Emirates, accounting for respectively 14.6, 9.7 and 9.2 percent of total imports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 10.6 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 5.2 bln US$ and "Construction services" (EBOPS code 249) at 2.5 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 7113 Articles of jewellery and parts thereof, of precious metal........................................... 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 8544 Insulated (including enamelled or anodised) wire, cable............................................. 7304 Tubes, pipes and hollow profiles, seamless, of iron (other than cast iron).................. 8431 Parts suitable for use principally with the machinery of headings 84.25.....................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

29 645.6 4 055.9 1 164.0 771.3 795.9 554.9 479.1 428.9 506.5 383.0 274.9

Source: UN Comtrade

31 488.7 3 871.7 1 327.2 757.9 740.1 665.1 492.6 467.0 455.9 346.4 374.1

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

31 907.2 3 566.8 27.6 27.8 25.4 1 551.9 838.6 113.0 117.3 110.5 657.2 54.7 39.4 679.7 49.2 51.9 15.3 540.5 11.2 19.1 14.6 458.2 293.2 233.8 250.0 353.6 6.1 5.9 5.7 387.3 1.5 1.6 0.7 368.8 17.8 11.7 13.3

SITC code

thsd US$/unit 781 764 US$/kg 542 thsd US$/kg 971 thsd US$/kg 897 thsd US$/unit 782 US$/unit 752 US$/kg 773 US$/kg 679 US$/kg 723

227

Kyrgyzstan Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Kyrgyzstan was 1.4 bln US$, while its merchandise imports was 4.1 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 2.6 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG CIS at -1.6 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Kyrgyzstan were moderately concentrated amongst partners; imports were also moderately concentrated. The top 6 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 5 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Kyrgyzstan decreased substantially by 34.2 percent, reaching 896.6 mln US$, while its imports of services decreased moderately by 6.6 percent and reached 1.2 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services deficit of 334.5 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

6 5 4 3 2 1 0 −1 −2 −3 −4 −5 −6

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

2

Imports

Trade Balance

1.5 1 0.5 (na)

(na)

0 (na)

(na)

−0.5 −1 −1.5

Exports Profile: "Not classified elsewhere in the SITC" (SITC section 9), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 55.3, 13.0 and 9.8 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Gold (including gold plated with platinum)" (HS code 7108) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Switzerland, Kazakhstan and the United Arab Emirates, accounting for respectively 33.5, 19.0 and 10.0 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 422.7 mln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 158.5 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 108.3 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

13

20

12

20

10

11

20

20

08

07

09

20

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

03

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−2

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Transportation ( 17.7 %) Travel ( 47.1 %)

Other business ( 12.1 %)

Remaining ( 3.2 %)

Personal, cultural & rec ( 10.4 %) Construction ( 9.1 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 0713 Dried leguminous vegetables, shelled, whether or not skinned or split...................... 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 6204 Women's or girls' suits, ensembles, jackets, blazers, dresses, skirts.......................... 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 8802 Other aircraft (for example, helicopters, aeroplanes); spacecraft................................ 7005 Float glass and surface ground or polished glass, in sheets........................................ 8539 Electric filament or discharge lamps, including sealed beam lamp units....................

228

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

1 773.2 736.8 140.0 46.3 73.7 33.4 41.0 26.0 8.4 28.4 23.7

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

1 441.5 665.4 43.5 69.0 1.0 131.5 43.8 1.2 31.6 6.6 17.1 9.8 23.5 155.8 38.9 0.6 10.8 15.5

SITC code

37.8 thsd US$/kg US$/kg 0.7

971 334 931 US$/kg 054 0.7 US$/kg 784 8.7 US$/unit 842 301.3 thsd US$/unit 782 1.8 mln US$/unit 792 US$/m2 664 2.9 778

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Kyrgyzstan Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-7.6 -10.5 -7.3 -20.1 -4.4 -8.2 10.6 -15.9 -7.0

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

100.0 9.8 4.5 5.2 1.1 5.2 13.0 5.9 55.3

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

4 068.1 511.8 120.9 778.1 447.4 874.5 797.2 407.2 131.1

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance

-1.1 -5.7 -4.0 -5.4 -0.3 7.2 -4.8 1.2 51.7

Trade balance

100.0 12.6 3.0 19.1 11.0 21.5 19.6 10.0 3.2

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.194)

(% share in 2014)

Transportation ( 49.5 %) Travel ( 31.7 %)

Remaining ( 12.1 %)

Other business ( 6.2 %)

Top partner

25 th 10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

%

15 th

0%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

10

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.203)

5 th

1

0.5

0

.5 −0

−1

−1

.5

Top partner

%

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia

%

Exports

−2

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015)

Imports

.5

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015)

−2

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

40

1 441.5 141.3 64.9 75.2 15.7 74.5 187.2 85.7 796.9

2015 share

60

2015

0%

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 21.5, 19.6 and 19.1 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the Russian Federation, China and Kazakhstan, accounting for respectively 32.4, 24.5 and 12.3 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 608.9 mln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 390.0 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 76.7 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 7210 Flat-rolled products of iron or non-alloy steel............................................................... 1001 Wheat and meslin......................................................................................................... 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 7308 Structures (excluding prefabricated buildings of heading 94.06)................................. 2402 Cigars, cheroots, cigarillos and cigarettes....................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

5 983.0 1 139.7 372.4 169.6 156.3 54.9 89.8 20.9 73.1 108.0 64.8

Source: UN Comtrade

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

4 068.1 643.3 0.7 43.7 5.2 134.2 19.9 56.1 15.3 124.6 1.0 61.3 0.2 113.7 59.3 19.2 2.1 53.2 11.4

SITC code

US$/kg 334 0.4 16.2 thsd US$/unit 781 US$/kg 542 20.1 14.9 thsd US$/unit 782 US$/kg 674 2.2 US$/kg 041 0.2

1.8 9.5

US$/kg US$/kg

931 764 691 122

229

Latvia Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Latvia decreased substantially by 15.5 percent to reach 11.5 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 17.6 percent to reach 13.8 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small deficit of 2.3 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at -2.4 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Latvia were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 16 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 13 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Latvia increased slightly by 0.4 percent, reaching 4.9 bln US$, while its imports of services decreased slightly by 0.9 percent and reached 2.7 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services surplus of 2.2 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

20

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

5

Imports

Trade Balance

4

15

3

10

2

5

1

0

0

−5

−1

(na) (na)

−2

−10

Exports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 21.6, 17.7 and 16.0 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Commodities not specified according to kind" (HS code 9999) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Lithuania, Estonia and the Russian Federation, accounting for respectively 18.3, 12.1 and 10.2 percent of total exports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 2.1 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 955.2 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 821.7 mln US$ (see graph 3).

14

15 20

13

20

12

20

10

09

08

07

11

20

20

20

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

04

−5 03

−20 02

−4

03

−3

−15

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 19.4 %) Transportation ( 42.8 %) Other business ( 16.7 %)

Remaining ( 8.0 %)

Financial ( 7.8 %) Computer & information ( 5.3 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 4407 Wood sawn or chipped lengthwise, sliced or peeled................................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 2208 Alcohol of a strength by volume of less than 80 % vol................................................ 1001 Wheat and meslin......................................................................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 4401 Fuel wood, in logs, in billets, in twigs, in faggots or in similar forms.......................... 8528 Reception apparatus for television............................................................................... 4403 Wood in the rough, whether or not stripped of bark or sapwood................................

230

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

13 324.7 931.5 640.0 552.2 708.5 513.4 340.2 343.0 317.3 225.0 247.8

13 602.8 816.3 743.1 801.3 693.7 519.6 357.0 356.4 329.0 266.8 261.2

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

11 500.4 959.0 627.9 253.6 266.4 214.4 649.9 494.5 1.0 0.9 323.4 18.4 16.8 11.0 354.6 0.3 0.3 0.2 312.2 151.5 157.0 141.6 305.8 0.1 0.1 0.1 232.0 435.4 421.7 328.0 161.9 66.3 68.1 55.7

US$/m3 US$/kg US$/litre US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/unit US$/m3

SITC code 931 248 764 334 112 041 542 246 761 247

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Latvia Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-15.5 -21.6 -18.7 -30.2 -14.6 -15.7 -11.7 -16.7 15.1

100.0 16.0 13.2 6.1 7.5 17.7 21.6 9.3 8.6

13 846.1 1 739.5 569.0 1 540.7 1 579.9 1 932.9 3 655.3 1 311.7 1 517.1

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 26.5 %)

Transportation ( 33.4 %)

Other business ( 21.0 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.075)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

8

6

4

2

0

−2

−4

−6

−8

0

2

100.0 12.6 4.1 11.1 11.4 14.0 26.4 9.5 11.0

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.08)

Top partner

−1

-17.6 -21.5 -20.9 -34.0 -14.4 -20.8 -13.6 -20.1 10.6

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −1

-2.7 -1.8 -3.1 -11.8 -2.2 -6.0 -0.3 0.3 6.7

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

40

-1.0 2.4 -5.3 -8.1 -2.9 -6.0 2.9 0.6 12.9

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

11 500.4 1 835.2 1 523.4 705.3 864.1 2 030.4 2 479.0 1 071.2 991.9

2015 share

0%

2015

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 26.4, 14.0 and 12.6 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Commodities not specified according to kind" (HS code 9999) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Lithuania, Germany and Poland, accounting for respectively 18.5, 11.5 and 10.7 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 898.1 mln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 713.4 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 565.9 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Remaining ( 19.0 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 8528 Reception apparatus for television............................................................................... 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 4011 New pneumatic tyres, of rubber....................................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

16 778.9 1 733.6 1 713.3 543.3 755.2 468.7 483.9 217.9 201.4 186.9 165.8

Source: UN Comtrade

16 798.4 1 339.8 1 568.3 797.1 628.6 570.6 506.0 258.4 213.8 186.8 185.9

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

13 846.1 1 505.3 US$/kg 1 097.8 1.0 0.9 643.4 US$/kg 385.3 0.6 0.6 0.4 447.9 23.8 23.1 19.3 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 431.4 77.8 91.2 79.4 222.2 299.0 326.6 279.2 US$/unit 191.3 105.0 154.1 128.3 US$/unit US$/kg 168.0 10.1 9.3 8.5 137.8 85.9 81.7 65.6 US$/unit

SITC code 931 334 764 343 781 542 761 752 784 625

231

Lebanon Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of Lebanon decreased substantially by 15.9 percent to reach 3.3 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased slightly by 3.5 percent to reach 20.5 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 17.2 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at -8.2 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Lebanon were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 23 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 23 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Lebanon decreased moderately by 6.9 percent, reaching 13.7 bln US$, while its imports of services decreased slightly by 4.6 percent and reached 12.5 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a relatively small trade in services surplus of 1.2 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

25

Imports

Trade Balance

20

20

15

15

10

10

5

Exports

25

Imports

Trade Balance

5

(na)

0

(na)

0 (na)

15

14

20

12

11

10

09

08

07

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

06

20

04

05

20

20

03

20

02 20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

08

−25 07

−25 06

−20

05

−15

−20

04

−15

03

−10

02

−10

Exports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 22.3, 14.6 and 14.5 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Gold (including gold plated with platinum)" (HS code 7108) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were South Africa, Saudi Arabia and the Syrian Arab Republic, accounting for respectively 13.3, 9.2 and 9.1 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 6.3 bln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 3.0 bln US$ and "Financial services" (EBOPS code 260) at 1.8 bln US$ (see graph 3).

(na)

−5

20

−5

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Other business ( 21.6 %) Travel ( 45.7 %)

Financial ( 13.0 %)

Remaining ( 12.6 %)

Transportation ( 7.1 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 7404 Copper waste and scrap................................................................................................ 7102 Diamonds, whether or not worked, but not mounted or set......................................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8502 Electric generating sets and rotary converters............................................................. 7204 Ferrous waste and scrap; remelting scrap ingots of iron or steel................................ 4901 Printed books, brochures, leaflets and similar printed matter...................................... 7113 Articles of jewellery and parts thereof, of precious metal........................................... 3103 Mineral or chemical fertilisers, phosphatic.................................................................. 8418 Refrigerators, freezers and other refrigerating or freezing equipment.........................

232

Source: UN Comtrade

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

4 446.2 1 396.1 157.2 197.5 72.4 144.0 133.8 74.7 105.9 85.2 57.1

3 937.1 558.7 187.9 110.2 298.6 136.4 147.0 73.8 81.8 72.9 53.8

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

3 312.2 365.8 46.5 41.4 36.1 thsd US$/kg US$/kg 96.9 6.4 5.9 5.3 91.1 US$/kg 19.2 1.0 1.0 1.0 109.3 US$/kg 85.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 US$/kg 112.5 1.5 1.5 2.2 56.9 43.5 44.3 27.5 thsd US$/kg US$/kg 72.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 54.7

SITC code 971 288 667 334 716 282 892 897 562 741

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Lebanon Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

-15.9 7.9 -38.2 -90.4 10.7 -6.1 -11.8 7.4 -34.1

100.0 22.3 8.1 1.0 14.0 14.5 14.4 14.6 11.2

20 487.4 3 276.0 648.3 4 746.2 2 522.7 3 099.2 3 717.2 1 808.7 669.0

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Other business ( 25.3 %)

Travel ( 39.9 %)

Transportation ( 15.5 %) Remaining ( 11.0 %)

Financial ( 8.3 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.051)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

1

0

−1

−2

−3

−4

−5

−6

−7

100.0 16.0 3.2 23.2 12.3 15.1 18.1 8.8 3.3

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.045)

Top partner

−8

-3.5 5.9 10.9 -5.1 3.2 -0.7 -14.7 2.3 -22.4

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −9

3.3 5.8 6.6 6.6 7.1 3.2 -2.4 2.9 -4.6

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

40

-6.1 11.0 -7.7 54.8 4.9 -6.2 -10.7 -11.9 -18.4

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

3 312.2 739.0 267.7 32.3 462.2 480.6 476.3 483.4 370.8

2014 share

0%

2014

2

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 23.2, 18.1 and 16.0 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were China, Italy and the United States, accounting for respectively 10.3, 8.3 and 8.1 percent of total imports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 5.0 bln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 3.2 bln US$ and "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 1.9 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 7228 Other bars and rods of other alloy steel........................................................................ 0102 Live bovine animals....................................................................................................... 2402 Cigars, cheroots, cigarillos and cigarettes.................................................................... 7102 Diamonds, whether or not worked, but not mounted or set......................................... 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

21 146.5 5 517.5 1 101.5 831.4 1 186.4 280.9 270.3 309.2 279.7 224.0 139.0

Source: UN Comtrade

21 234.2 4 664.7 1 168.2 935.7 852.1 478.2 277.3 242.1 198.8 226.1 314.1

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

20 487.4 US$/kg 4 418.3 1.0 1.0 0.9 1 086.3 21.4 20.8 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 973.2 115.7 116.7 110.6 657.9 47.6 43.6 38.7 thsd US$/kg US$/kg 492.7 0.6 0.6 0.5 1.0 1.1 thsd US$/unit 342.7 US$/kg 188.4 21.5 21.9 20.9 224.2 US$/kg 225.5 1.1 1.0 0.9 174.2

SITC code 334 781 542 971 676 001 122 667 343 764

233

Lesotho Goods Imports: CIF, by consignment

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2012, the value of merchandise exports of Lesotho decreased substantially by 11.9 percent to reach 678.2 mln US$, while its merchandise imports increased moderately by 9.2 percent to reach 1.6 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 916.1 mln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Sub-Saharan Africa at -1.1 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Lesotho were highly concentrated amongst partners; imports were also highly concentrated. The top 2 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 1 partner accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2012, the value of exports of services of Lesotho increased substantially by 41.3 percent, reaching 63.5 mln US$, while its imports of services decreased moderately by 6.1 percent and reached 174.9 mln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services deficit of 111.4 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Mln US$ by year) Exports

2

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

200

1.5

150

1

100

Imports

Trade Balance

50

0.5 (na) (na) (na)

(na) (na) (na)

(na) (na) (na)

0

0

Exports Profile: "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2012, representing respectively 60.1, 14.3 and 11.4 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2010 to 2012, the largest export commodity was "Men's or boys' suits, jackets, trousers etc" (HS code 6203) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were South Africa, the United States and Belgium, accounting for respectively 53.5, 36.8 and 3.4 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2012 at 46.2 mln US$, followed by "Communications services" (EBOPS code 245) at 6.2 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 5.6 mln US$ (see graph 3).

14

12

15 20

20

20

11

20

09

10

20

20

07

08

20

20

05

06

20

20

04

20

03

20

02 20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

08

−200 07

−2 06

−150

05

−1.5

04

−100

03

−1

02

−50

13

(na) (na) (na)

(na) (na) (na)

20

(na) (na) (na)

−0.5

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2012) Travel ( 72.7 %)

Remaining ( 1.9 %) Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 6.8 %)

Communication ( 9.7 %) Other business ( 8.8 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2010 to 2012 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 1996 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 6203 Men's or boys' suits, jackets, trousers etc.................................................................... 2201 Unsweetened beverage waters, ice and snow............................................................. 6104 Womens, girls suit, dress, skirt, etc, knit or crocheted................................................. 6110 Jerseys, pullovers, cardigans, etc, knitted or crocheted............................................... 9999 Commodities not elsewhere specified.......................................................................... 8538 Parts for electrical switches, protectors, connectors.................................................... 6204 Women's or girls' suits, jacket, dress, skirt, etc........................................................... 6105 Men's or boys' shirts, knitted or crocheted................................................................... 5101 Wool, not carded or combed......................................................................................... 6109 T-shirts, singlets and other vests, knitted or crocheted................................................

234

Source: UN Comtrade

2010

Value (million US$) 2011 2012

503.3 52.0 60.1 29.8 26.1 78.2 39.7 24.9 13.0 16.5 11.4

770.1 139.5 67.5 64.9 56.2 34.5 40.2 53.2 36.0 17.3 21.4

Unit value 2010 2011 2012 Unit

678.2 110.4 64.5 77.7 33.1 11.7 12.1 12.6 2.1 34.7 33.0 43.7 36.1 1.8 33.3 5.2 5.4 6.5

US$/unit

US$/kg US$/unit

SITC code 841 111 844 845 931 772 842 843 268 845

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Lesotho Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2008-2012 2011-2012

29.0 31.1 10.2 -2.9 -18.5 33.0 -6.2 58.4 59.3

-11.9 -10.8 46.6 -27.1 -30.3 -21.3 22.3 -12.9 -94.1

100.0 14.3 6.1 0.1 0.1 7.5 11.4 60.1 0.3

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

1 594.2 314.3 69.9 193.5 161.6 316.0 290.1 187.8 61.1

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance

10.6 10.7 22.4 14.2 15.8 27.3 8.6 5.4 -18.9

Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2012)

Transportation ( 49.1 %)

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 17.5 %)

Travel ( 11.9 %)

Remaining ( 11.9 %)

Insurance ( 9.5 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.418)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

0%

5 th

10

0

0.2

.4

.2 −0

−0

.6 −0

.8 −0

−1

.4

.2 −1

100.0 19.7 4.4 12.1 10.1 19.8 18.2 11.8 3.8

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.794)

Top partner

%

Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia −1

9.2 -4.3 2.6 -4.0 7.9 26.3 18.1 22.1 -1.9

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2012)

Imports

.6

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2012 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2012)

−1

Avg. Growth rates 2008-2012 2011-2012

2012

40

678.2 97.3 41.4 0.8 0.6 50.9 77.6 407.7 2.1

2012 share

60

2012

0.4

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2012, representing respectively 19.8, 19.7 and 18.2 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2010 to 2012, the largest import commodity was "Oils petroleum, bituminous, distillates, except crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were South Africa, Other Asia nes and China, accounting for respectively 88.5, 3.4 and 1.9 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2012 at 85.9 mln US$, followed by "Government services, n.i.e." (EBOPS code 291) at 30.6 mln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 20.8 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2010 to 2012 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 1996 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Oils petroleum, bituminous, distillates, except crude................................................... 9999 Commodities not elsewhere specified.......................................................................... 8703 Motor vehicles for transport of persons (except buses)............................................... 8708 Parts and accessories for motor vehicles...................................................................... 5201 Cotton, not carded or combed....................................................................................... 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 0207 Meat, edible offal of domestic poultry.......................................................................... 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 5209 Woven cotton nes, >85% cotton, >200g/m2................................................................ 3923 Containers, bobbins and packages, of plastics.............................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2010

Value (million US$) 2011 2012

1 276.6 61.4 31.0 20.3 26.7 16.0 31.2 21.7 17.2 31.4 15.9

Source: UN Comtrade

1 459.7 156.0 62.3 30.9 25.4 32.1 29.9 26.2 24.7 10.4 14.1

Unit value 2010 2011 2012 Unit

1 594.2 150.9 1.0 61.1 44.1 12.0 26.2 12.2 29.1 1.4 14.0 24.5 29.5 29.6 6.5 38.8 4.0

0.8 1.2 12.4 13.5 1.9 3.3 1.8 1.7 6.6 8.5 4.4 3.9

SITC code

US$/kg

334 931 thsd US$/unit 781 US$/kg 784 US$/kg 263 343 US$/kg 012 782 US$/kg 652 US$/kg 893

235

Lithuania Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Lithuania decreased substantially by 21.3 percent to reach 25.5 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 20.0 percent to reach 28.2 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small deficit of 2.7 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at -2.8 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Lithuania were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 15 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 14 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Lithuania increased moderately by 6.2 percent, reaching 7.5 bln US$, while its imports of services increased slightly by 4.1 percent and reached 5.4 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services surplus of 2.1 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

40

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

8

30

6

20

4

10

2

0

0

−10

−2

−20

−4

−30

−6

−40

−8

Imports

Trade Balance

(na)

Exports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 18.0, 16.9 and 16.4 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were the Russian Federation, Latvia and Poland, accounting for respectively 18.5, 9.6 and 8.4 percent of total exports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 4.7 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 1.4 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 635.0 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

12

11

10

09

13

20

20

20

20

20

07

08

20

20

06

20

04

05

20

20

03

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

(na)

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Transportation ( 63.3 %)

Travel ( 18.5 %)

Remaining ( 9.7 %)

Other business ( 8.5 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 9403 Other furniture and parts thereof.................................................................................. 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 3102 Mineral or chemical fertilisers, nitrogenous................................................................. 3907 Polyacetals, other polyethers and epoxide resins, in primary forms............................ 1001 Wheat and meslin......................................................................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 3105 Mineral or chemical fertilisers...................................................................................... 9401 Seats (other than those of heading 94.02)....................................................................

236

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

32 599.7 7 104.8 1 044.0 583.5 593.8 706.7 594.0 452.0 738.0 459.6 382.5

32 394.3 5 372.1 1 206.4 799.4 656.1 646.3 646.0 570.7 553.5 458.1 416.2

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

25 499.0 US$/kg 3 939.1 0.9 0.8 0.5 1 051.4 628.8 US$/kg 578.0 0.3 0.3 0.2 US$/kg 449.8 1.6 1.5 1.1 US$/kg 503.1 0.3 0.3 0.2 US$/kg 564.2 153.4 147.6 137.2 245.6 5.0 5.5 7.9 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 434.8 0.5 0.5 0.5 361.0

SITC code 334 821 931 562 574 041 542 781 562 821

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Lithuania Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-21.3 -22.6 -10.3 -26.3 -12.1 -18.6 -27.9 -18.5 -21.1

100.0 16.9 5.2 16.4 14.6 10.6 18.0 15.7 2.5

28 172.8 3 416.3 1 238.3 5 693.3 4 195.6 3 505.1 6 696.3 2 255.4 1 172.6

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Transportation ( 57.4 %)

Travel ( 19.8 %)

Remaining ( 11.9 %)

Other business ( 10.9 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.061)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

15

10

5

0

−5

0 −1

5

100.0 12.1 4.4 20.2 14.9 12.4 23.8 8.0 4.2

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.072)

Top partner

−1

0

-20.0 -21.0 -8.6 -33.6 -9.6 -18.5 -19.3 -14.0 6.5

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −2

-3.0 -0.4 0.3 -14.1 1.1 0.0 0.5 5.4 13.0

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

40

-2.4 0.4 1.3 -12.3 -0.5 0.0 -1.8 2.9 9.0

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

25 499.0 4 313.8 1 336.8 4 191.3 3 728.8 2 708.9 4 591.0 3 995.2 633.2

2015 share

0%

2015

20

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 23.8, 20.2 and 14.9 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude" (HS code 2709) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the Russian Federation, Germany and Poland, accounting for respectively 22.6, 10.9 and 9.7 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 3.1 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 1.1 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 583.2 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 2917 Polycarboxylic acids, their anhydrides.......................................................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 8701 Tractors (other than tractors of heading 87.09)............................................................ 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof..............................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

34 813.2 7 170.5 1 407.6 1 392.4 940.0 1 026.6 790.1 496.9 374.3 510.9 331.6

Source: UN Comtrade

35 217.4 5 643.5 1 415.3 1 203.6 1 093.8 969.2 866.4 468.6 416.4 284.8 342.8

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

SITC code

28 172.8 US$/kg 333 3 420.5 0.8 0.8 0.4 US$/kg 334 1 169.0 1.0 0.9 0.6 US$/kg 343 879.5 0.7 0.6 0.4 931 1 167.3 749.1 7.8 8.6 8.9 thsd US$/unit 781 US$/kg 542 856.1 78.3 80.5 74.1 US$/kg 513 319.4 1.2 1.0 0.7 764 478.3 401.8 46.6 38.9 40.7 thsd US$/unit 722 752 318.6 136.1 139.7 119.8 US$/unit

237

Luxembourg Goods Imports: CIF, by origin/consignment for intra-eu

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Luxembourg decreased substantially by 14.5 percent to reach 12.6 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 19.1 percent to reach 19.3 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a moderate deficit of 6.7 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at -5.2 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Luxembourg were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 12 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 7 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Luxembourg increased substantially by 12.8 percent, reaching 105.0 bln US$, while its imports of services increased substantially by 14.5 percent and reached 76.4 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services surplus of 28.6 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Imports

Trade Balance

(na)

15

14

20

13

20

12

20

10

09

08

07

11

20

20

20

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

03

20

20

02

(na)

20

15

14

Exports Profile: "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 39.3, 24.1 and 11.1 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Angles, shapes and sections of iron or non-alloy steel" (HS code 7216) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Germany, France and Belgium, accounting for respectively 27.5, 14.2 and 13.0 percent of total exports. "Financial services" (EBOPS code 260) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 54.3 bln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 23.4 bln US$ and "Personal, cultural, and recreational services" (EBOPS code 287) at 6.1 bln US$ (see graph 3).

Exports

120 100 80 60 40 20 0 −20 −40 −60 −80 −100 −120

20

12

11

10

13

20

20

20

20

09

08

07

06

Trade Balance

20

20

20

20

04

03

Imports

20

20

20

20

20

02

30 25 20 15 10 5 0 −5 −10 −15 −20 −25 −30

05

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Financial ( 51.7 %) Other business ( 22.3 %)

Personal, cultural & rec ( 5.8 %) Remaining ( 20.1 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 7216 Angles, shapes and sections of iron or non-alloy steel................................................ 4011 New pneumatic tyres, of rubber.................................................................................... 7301 Sheet piling of iron or steel........................................................................................... 7210 Flat-rolled products of iron or non-alloy steel............................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 0406 Cheese and curd............................................................................................................ 4811 Paper, paperboard, cellulose wadding and webs of cellulose fibres........................... 7601 Unwrought aluminium................................................................................................... 5603 Nonwovens, whether or not impregnated, coated, covered or laminated...................

238

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

13 826.0 983.5 675.4 598.0 504.6 472.5 416.6 327.0 363.6 340.6 239.7

14 767.6 1 066.9 638.0 565.0 588.4 526.4 448.6 441.0 365.1 332.0 268.6

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

12 625.7 US$/kg 839.7 0.8 0.7 0.6 527.1 321.0 305.0 237.5 US$/unit US$/kg 408.9 1.0 1.0 0.8 US$/kg 432.5 0.9 0.9 0.7 442.6 16.0 18.0 7.7 thsd US$/unit 365.9 US$/kg 331.9 6.7 8.6 7.0 US$/kg 291.4 2.8 2.8 2.2 US$/kg 264.7 2.3 2.3 2.1 US$/kg 299.8 6.3 6.7 5.8

SITC code 676 625 676 674 781 931 024 641 684 657

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Luxembourg Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-6.2 1.2 -18.1 -17.9 4.4 -9.3 -3.7 -5.7 -13.8

-14.5 -13.8 -15.6 -48.2 2.0 -18.2 -7.7 -17.6 -36.8

100.0 10.7 2.5 0.5 11.1 39.3 24.1 8.4 3.4

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

19 296.3 2 324.3 1 313.8 1 363.4 2 215.6 2 989.1 6 346.0 1 847.0 897.2

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.139)

(% share in 2014)

Financial ( 49.9 %)

Remaining ( 8.3 %)

Other business ( 18.6 %)

Transportation ( 6.8 %) Personal, cultural & rec ( 6.2 %) Travel ( 5.1 %) Royalties & lic. fees ( 5.0 %)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

10

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.12)

5 th

15

10

5

0

−5

−1

0

Top partner

%

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania 5

100.0 12.0 6.8 7.1 11.5 15.5 32.9 9.6 4.6

40

Exports

−1

-19.1 -16.2 -23.4 -41.7 -6.0 -19.3 -15.7 -16.6 -26.9

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015)

Imports

0

-7.2 -1.6 -15.1 -16.3 -1.5 -8.1 -3.0 -5.5 -19.6

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015)

−2

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

60

12 625.7 1 345.7 313.2 60.7 1 397.5 4 965.6 3 047.0 1 063.1 433.0

2015 share

80

2015

0%

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 32.9, 15.5 and 12.0 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Germany, Belgium and France, accounting for respectively 23.9, 23.9 and 13.2 percent of total imports. "Financial services" (EBOPS code 260) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 38.1 bln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 14.2 bln US$ and "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 5.2 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 8802 Other aircraft (for example, helicopters, aeroplanes); spacecraft................................ 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 7204 Ferrous waste and scrap; remelting scrap ingots of iron or steel................................ 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 0406 Cheese and curd............................................................................................................ 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 7602 Aluminium waste and scrap.......................................................................................... 7209 Flat-rolled products of iron or non-alloy steel...............................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

23 934.1 2 559.1 1 841.1 1 649.5 1 363.3 812.0 358.9 375.2 316.6 299.3 285.8

Source: UN Comtrade

23 846.8 2 289.1 2 070.4 1 411.4 1 177.0 765.7 389.9 398.3 369.6 272.4 243.3

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

SITC code

19 296.3 US$/kg 334 1 334.4 1.0 0.9 0.5 1 663.4 29.7 30.7 11.4 thsd US$/unit 781 1 106.3 58.9 52.3 46.1 mln US$/unit 792 931 830.1 US$/kg 282 494.6 0.4 0.3 0.2 US$/kg 542 343.9 15.8 14.1 10.2 US$/kg 024 303.7 6.5 6.7 5.4 764 304.2 US$/kg 288 243.6 1.8 2.0 1.6 US$/kg 673 187.6 0.6 0.6 0.5

239

Madagascar Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of Madagascar increased substantially by 37.9 percent to reach 2.2 bln US$, while its merchandise imports increased substantially by 24.3 percent to reach 3.4 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a moderate deficit of 1.1 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Western Asia at -842.2 mln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Madagascar were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 12 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 15 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2013, the value of exports of services of Madagascar decreased moderately by 7.0 percent, reaching 1.3 bln US$, while its imports of services decreased slightly by 3.2 percent and reached 1.3 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a relatively small trade in services deficit of 70.8 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

4

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

1.5

3

Imports

Trade Balance

1

2 0.5

1 (na)

(na) (na)

0

0 (na)

−1

(na) (na)

−0.5

−2 −1

−3 −4

Exports Profile: "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 35.5, 24.7 and 23.2 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Unwrought nickel" (HS code 7502) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were France, the United States and China, accounting for respectively 25.5, 7.2 and 6.2 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2013 at 573.7 mln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 427.6 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 131.9 mln US$ (see graph 3).

14

15 20

13

20

12

20

10

09

11

20

20

20

07

08

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

03

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−1.5

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013)

Transportation ( 33.9 %)

Travel ( 45.4 %)

Remaining ( 10.3 %)

Other business ( 10.4 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 7502 Unwrought nickel........................................................................................................... 6110 Jerseys, pullovers, cardigans, waist-coats and similar articles................................... 0907 Cloves (whole fruit, cloves and stems).......................................................................... 0306 Crustaceans, whether in shell or not............................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 2614 Titanium ores and concentrates.................................................................................... 0905 Vanilla............................................................................................................................ 6214 Shawls, scarves, mufflers, mantillas, veils and the like............................................... 6203 Men's or boys'suits, ensembles, jackets, blazers, trousers.......................................... 8105 Cobalt mattes and other intermediate products of cobalt metallurgy..........................

240

Source: UN Comtrade

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

1 224.5 59.4 116.4 167.7 65.6 81.0 72.2 10.2 38.2 32.6 10.2

1 626.9 321.3 125.9 87.2 78.7 70.6 68.5 40.7 49.7 51.4 46.8

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

2 243.2 601.3 17.3 14.6 16.6 32.7 33.1 139.6 114.2 8.8 8.8 9.7 98.6 8.9 10.0 9.4 83.7 1.3 1.3 1.3 60.7 0.1 0.1 0.2 118.2 19.3 39.4 50.2 66.0 65.6 87.5 26.9 26.6 30.1

US$/kg US$/unit US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

US$/kg

SITC code 683 845 075 036 334 287 075 846 841 689

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Madagascar Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

37.9 37.5 4.0 16.8 45.7 74.6 -49.5 24.4 402.3

100.0 24.7 7.6 3.8 2.9 35.5 1.5 23.2 0.9

3 354.8 460.9 274.9 734.3 348.2 741.0 594.8 187.2 13.4

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance

7.1 12.8 32.3 17.4 12.0 4.0 -5.7 2.2 16.1

Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013)

Transportation ( 49.5 %)

Other business ( 16.8 %)

Travel ( 10.0 %)

Remaining ( 6.5 %)

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 9.9 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.09)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

0%

5 th

10

1

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0

.4

.2 −0

.8

.6

−0

−0

100.0 13.7 8.2 21.9 10.4 22.1 17.7 5.6 0.4

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.076)

Top partner

−1

24.3 13.5 28.5 15.0 33.3 28.0 32.2 28.3 179.6

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −0

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

%

20.0 21.8 8.9 7.7 19.7 81.8 -27.6 9.3 -23.3

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

40

2 243.2 553.9 169.6 84.4 66.2 796.4 33.0 519.6 20.0

2014 share

60

2014

1.2

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 22.1, 21.9 and 17.7 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the United Arab Emirates, China and Rest of Europe nes, accounting for respectively 17.5, 14.8 and 6.7 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2013 at 660.5 mln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 223.7 mln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 133.7 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Communication ( 7.4 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 1006 Rice................................................................................................................................ 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 1701 Cane or beet sugar and chemically pure sucrose, in solid form................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 2503 Sulphur of all kinds........................................................................................................ 1101 Wheat or meslin flour.................................................................................................... 5105 Wool and fine or coarse animal hair, carded or combed.............................................. 5208 Woven fabrics of cotton, containing 85 % or more by weight of cotton......................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

2 659.0 569.3 85.9 81.6 68.6 57.5 49.3 24.7 48.6 27.1 29.2

Source: UN Comtrade

2 699.4 582.5 143.3 54.8 53.6 54.7 49.8 55.4 44.6 45.5 41.4

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

3 354.8 US$/kg 668.8 1.0 1.0 0.9 US$/kg 149.6 0.5 0.5 0.4 19.1 19.5 thsd US$/unit 72.3 60.7 US$/kg 69.5 0.7 0.6 0.5 US$/kg 71.5 12.0 11.8 12.1 US$/kg 73.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 US$/kg 51.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 US$/kg 61.9 199.6 143.0 157.4 US$/kg 49.3 15.6 15.5 13.7

SITC code 334 042 781 782 061 542 274 046 268 652

241

Malawi Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of Malawi increased substantially by 11.1 percent to reach 1.3 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased slightly by 2.5 percent to reach 2.8 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 1.4 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Sub-Saharan Africa at -687.2 mln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Malawi were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 18 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 14 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Malawi decreased moderately by 9.6 percent, reaching 100.4 mln US$, while its imports of services increased moderately by 9.6 percent and reached 268.8 mln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services deficit of 168.3 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Mln US$ by year)

Exports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 64.5, 11.9 and 11.9 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Unmanufactured tobacco; tobacco refuse" (HS code 2401) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Belgium, Canada and South Africa, accounting for respectively 9.5, 8.1 and 7.7 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 32.4 mln US$, followed by "Communications services" (EBOPS code 245) at 23.3 mln US$ and "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 18.5 mln US$ (see graph 3).

Trade Balance

15

14

20

13

20

11

10

09

12

20

20

20

20

07

08

20

20

05

06

20

20

20

04

(na)

03

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

(na)

Imports

(na)

20

(na)

Exports

300 250 200 150 100 50 0 −50 −100 −150 −200 −250 −300 02

Trade Balance

20

3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 −0.5 −1 −1.5 −2 −2.5 −3

Imports

20

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Communication ( 23.2 %)

Transportation ( 18.4 %)

Travel ( 32.3 %)

Remaining ( 11.1 %)

Other business ( 9.4 %) Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 5.6 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2401 Unmanufactured tobacco; tobacco refuse.................................................................... 2612 Uranium or thorium ores and concentrates................................................................... 0902 Tea, whether or not flavoured....................................................................................... 1701 Cane or beet sugar and chemically pure sucrose, in solid form................................... 1202 Ground-nuts, not roasted or otherwise cooked, whether or not shelled or broken...... 0713 Dried leguminous vegetables, shelled, whether or not skinned or split...................... 5201 Cotton, not carded or combed....................................................................................... 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 8426 Ships' derricks; cranes, including cable cranes; mobile lifting frames......................... 8429 Self-propelled bulldozers, angledozers, graders, levellers, scrapers...........................

242

Source: UN Comtrade

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

1 182.9 636.1 131.3 70.0 41.8 41.7 42.6 40.8 0.0 0.0 2.9

1 208.0 562.6 136.6 86.0 114.2 60.3 29.0 19.4 0.3 0.1 5.2

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

1 341.9 US$/kg 639.3 3.4 4.1 2.5 US$/kg 40.1 87.6 81.0 62.1 US$/kg 74.3 1.5 2.0 1.6 US$/kg 60.9 0.4 0.6 0.7 US$/kg 46.1 1.0 1.3 1.3 US$/kg 26.5 0.6 0.7 1.0 US$/kg 16.5 1.6 1.7 1.9 63.1 mln US$/unit 52.2 0.1 thsd US$/unit 37.4 58.0 5.5

SITC code 121 286 074 061 222 054 263 931 744 723

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Malawi Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

11.1 3.3 -40.9 31.2 112.1 78.0 478.6 -19.7 18058.1

100.0 64.5 11.9 0.0 2.1 2.5 11.9 2.3 4.7

2 774.4 228.4 119.5 374.0 732.8 446.8 586.6 242.3 43.9

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category Transportation ( 23.4 %) Other business ( 16.3 %)

Travel ( 27.6 %)

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 8.6 %) Insurance ( 8.1 %)

Remaining ( 9.3 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.054)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

0%

0.4

0.2

0

.2 −0

.4 −0

.6 −0

.8 −0

−1

.2

100.0 8.2 4.3 13.5 26.4 16.1 21.1 8.7 1.6

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.085)

Top partner

(% share in 2014)

-2.5 -15.6 -2.0 -9.1 -13.3 3.9 3.7 23.7 1086.4

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −1

6.3 -1.9 7.2 14.6 8.3 6.6 3.3 2.2 98.4

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

40

5.9 2.1 -1.6 -26.5 15.6 20.0 55.9 -4.9 ...

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

1 341.9 866.2 159.9 0.6 28.0 33.1 160.0 31.1 63.1

2014 share

10

2014

0.6

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Chemicals" (SITC section 5), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 26.4, 21.1 and 16.1 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were South Africa, Mozambique and China, accounting for respectively 21.6, 10.6 and 10.0 percent of total imports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 74.1 mln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 62.9 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 43.8 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Computer & information ( 6.8 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 3102 Mineral or chemical fertilisers, nitrogenous................................................................. 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 3105 Mineral or chemical fertilisers...................................................................................... 2523 Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement....................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 2401 Unmanufactured tobacco; tobacco refuse.................................................................... 1001 Wheat and meslin......................................................................................................... 4907 Unused postage, revenue or similar stamps of current or new issue.......................... 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods....................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

2 330.4 314.2 185.9 156.4 77.9 52.7 52.6 23.6 31.7 29.5 48.9

Source: UN Comtrade

2 844.6 389.2 211.8 161.7 119.8 63.7 58.9 86.0 87.4 55.6 40.8

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

2 774.4 US$/kg 359.2 1.2 1.4 1.4 US$/kg 134.3 0.8 0.7 0.6 US$/kg 184.5 38.4 38.0 44.8 US$/kg 69.2 0.7 0.8 0.7 US$/kg 58.9 0.2 0.2 0.2 54.5 9.3 7.0 5.6 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 54.5 1.9 3.5 3.2 US$/kg 40.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 US$/kg 54.5 64.8 117.7 165.4 39.2 8.7 11.8 14.0 thsd US$/unit

SITC code 334 562 542 562 661 781 121 041 892 782

243

Malaysia Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Malaysia decreased substantially by 14.5 percent to reach 200.2 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 15.6 percent to reach 176.2 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small surplus of 24.0 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG South-eastern Asia at 9.5 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Malaysia were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 14 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 14 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Malaysia decreased slightly by 0.7 percent, reaching 39.1 bln US$, while its imports of services increased slightly by 0.5 percent and reached 45.0 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a relatively small trade in services deficit of 5.8 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year)

14

13

15 20

20

12

20

10

09

08

11

20

20

20

20

07

20

05

06

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

−50 04

−250

Trade Balance

(na)

20

−40

Imports

(na)

02

−30

−200

15

−150

14

−20

13

−100

12

−10

11

−50

10

0

09

0

08

10

07

20

50

06

100

05

30

04

150

03

40

02

200

Exports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 41.9, 16.5 and 10.8 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Electronic integrated circuits" (HS code 8542) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Singapore, China and Japan, accounting for respectively 14.0, 12.8 and 10.5 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 22.6 bln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 7.0 bln US$ and "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 4.8 bln US$ (see graph 3).

Exports

50

03

Trade Balance

20

250

Imports

20

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 57.7 %)

Other business ( 18.0 %)

Remaining ( 12.1 %)

Transportation ( 12.2 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) Unit value 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2013 2014 2015 2013 2014 2015 Unit All Commodities............................................................................................................ 228 316.1 234 135.0 200 210.9 8542 Electronic integrated circuits......................................................................................... 27 791.4 31 028.2 27 208.0 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 20 467.7 20 876.8 12 713.2 0.8 0.8 0.5 US$/kg 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 19 433.7 18 463.8 10 637.2 0.9 0.8 0.5 US$/kg 1511 Palm oil and its fractions............................................................................................... 12 288.9 11 994.8 US$/kg 9 501.1 0.8 0.8 0.6 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 10 220.8 10 518.3 US$/kg 6 852.9 0.8 0.8 0.4 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 8 867.2 8 260.0 7 632.7 82.8 62.6 59.4 US$/unit 8541 Diodes, transistors and similar semiconductor devices................................................ 7 523.3 7 864.2 8 055.6 8473 Parts and accessories for use with machines of heading 84.69 to 84.72.................... US$/kg 5 424.7 4 493.0 3 820.9 49.3 48.3 44.6 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 3 537.9 4 186.0 3 751.1 4015 Articles of apparel and clothing accessories................................................................ US$/kg 3 390.7 3 312.1 3 383.9 5.6 4.7 5.1 HS code

244

Source: UN Comtrade

SITC code 776 343 334 422 333 752 776 759 764 848

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Malaysia Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-14.5 -9.7 -14.6 -36.3 -9.1 -7.0 -7.7 -3.8 -25.6

100.0 4.1 9.4 16.5 7.2 9.6 41.9 10.8 0.5

176 174.6 12 855.2 7 909.6 21 758.1 17 632.1 23 032.9 76 383.2 12 924.3 3 679.3

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 27.5 %)

Transportation ( 28.3 %)

Remaining ( 6.6 %)

Other business ( 18.7 %)

Computer & information ( 6.8 %) Insurance ( 6.1 %) Construction ( 6.0 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.069)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

40

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

50

40

30

20

10

0

0

0

0

0

0 −1

−2

−3

−4

0

100.0 7.3 4.5 12.4 10.0 13.1 43.4 7.3 2.1

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.078)

Top partner

−5

-15.6 -10.0 -7.6 -38.1 -10.6 -13.8 -12.6 1.7 -14.0

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −6

-1.6 1.1 -9.6 -0.3 0.0 -1.6 -2.3 2.5 -0.9

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

60

-3.1 1.5 -12.4 -4.9 -1.2 -2.4 -1.2 0.6 -6.7

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

80

200 210.9 8 208.3 18 912.4 32 962.2 14 411.6 19 284.9 83 848.0 21 549.1 1 034.5

2015 share

0%

2015

60

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 43.4, 13.1 and 12.4 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Electronic integrated circuits" (HS code 8542) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were China, Singapore and Japan, accounting for respectively 17.3, 12.3 and 8.2 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 12.7 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 12.4 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 8.4 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2013 2014 2015 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 205 813.5 208 823.4 176 174.6 8542 Electronic integrated circuits......................................................................................... 26 553.8 29 270.1 24 788.2 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 22 082.0 22 802.1 14 718.8 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 7 152.9 7 713.5 3 282.2 8541 Diodes, transistors and similar semiconductor devices................................................ 3 885.1 4 171.2 3 853.1 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 3 883.5 3 839.8 3 810.8 8473 Parts and accessories for use with machines of heading 84.69 to 84.72.................... 3 647.7 3 219.2 2 695.2 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 3 427.1 3 209.8 2 848.3 8802 Other aircraft (for example, helicopters, aeroplanes); spacecraft................................ 4 177.0 3 156.3 1 148.5 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 2 955.7 2 630.5 2 569.9 7403 Refined copper and copper alloys, unwrought.............................................................. 3 932.4 1 872.4 2 026.6 HS code

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Source: UN Comtrade

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

0.9 0.8 49.9 43.9 49.7 61.9 7.5

0.9 0.7

0.5 0.4

US$/kg US$/kg

US$/kg 73.9 47.4 40.0 36.7 thsd US$/kg 43.8 25.0 mln US$/unit US$/unit 92.6 US$/kg 7.1 5.7

SITC code 776 334 333 776 764 759 971 792 752 682

245

Maldives Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Maldives decreased very slightly by 0.4 percent to reach 144.2 mln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased slightly by 4.0 percent to reach 1.9 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 1.8 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG South-eastern Asia at -546.4 mln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Maldives were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 8 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 10 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Maldives increased substantially by 20.9 percent, reaching 3.0 bln US$, while its imports of services increased substantially by 22.1 percent and reached 796.6 mln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services surplus of 2.2 bln US$. See footnote*.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year)

Exports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4) and "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 97.4, 2.1 and 0.5 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Fish, frozen, excluding fish fillets and other fish meat of heading 03.04" (HS code 0303) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Thailand, France and Sri Lanka, accounting for respectively 31.8, 12.8 and 7.8 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 2.7 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 224.9 mln US$ (see graph 3).

14

15 20

12

13

20

20

10

09

11

20

20

20

07

08

20

20

06

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−2

20

−1.5

05

−1

Trade Balance

(na)

20

−0.5

Imports

(na)

04

0

20

0.5

03

1

20

1.5

Exports

3.5 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 −0.5 −1 −1.5 −2 −2.5 −3 −3.5 02

Trade Balance

20

2

Imports

20

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 89.1 %)

Remaining ( 3.5 %) Transportation ( 7.4 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 0303 Fish, frozen, excluding fish fillets and other fish meat of heading 03.04..................... 0302 Fish, fresh or chilled, excluding fish fillets.................................................................... 0304 Fish fillets and other fish meat (whether or not minced).............................................. 1604 Prepared or preserved fish; caviar................................................................................. 0305 Fish, dried, salted or in brine......................................................................................... 7204 Ferrous waste and scrap; remelting scrap ingots of iron or steel................................ 0301 Live fish.......................................................................................................................... 7404 Copper waste and scrap................................................................................................ 2301 Flours, meals and pellets, of meat or meat offal.......................................................... 0308 Aquatic invertebrates other than crustaceans and molluscs........................................

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

166.5 72.0 31.4 33.0 16.5 8.5 1.7 1.0 0.7 0.7 0.6

144.8 49.7 35.9 30.8 15.8 7.4 1.6 1.1 1.0 0.5 0.3

144.2 37.7 38.8 37.2 13.9 10.6 1.1 1.3 1.4 0.4 0.6

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

2.0 5.6 7.6 7.0 3.7 0.3

1.5 5.2 7.5 6.1 2.8 0.3

1.5 5.2 6.5 4.7 3.0 0.2

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

4.9 0.9 4.9

4.8 1.0

4.5 1.0 4.8

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

SITC code 034 034 034 037 035 282 034 288 081 036

*Merchandise trade data does not include re-exports. As of 2011, trade in services data reflect the improvement of the coverage of balance of payments statistics that was implemented in September 2012.

246

Source: UN Comtrade

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Maldives Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-0.4 -0.8 1.5 -45.6 -61.0 135.6 360.4 -23.1

100.0 97.4 2.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.0

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

1 913.8 409.4 122.6 308.4 128.1 279.1 485.7 179.5 1.0

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.102)

(% share in 2014) Travel ( 26.1 %)

Other business ( 28.9 %)

Remaining ( 11.2 %)

Transportation ( 25.9 %)

Communication ( 7.9 %)

Top partner

0% 10

80

60

40

20

20

80

%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

0%

15 th

%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

0

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.118)

5 th

10

0

00 −1

00 −2

00 −3

00 −4

00

Top partner

−5

00

100.0 21.4 6.4 16.1 6.7 14.6 25.4 9.4 0.1

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia −6

-4.0 0.6 38.4 -46.0 7.3 27.9 13.7 11.3 9849.9

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Mln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

7.9 9.1 22.0 -3.3 13.2 12.1 9.9 8.8 283.3

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

40

14.7 14.9 4.1 10.9 -9.9 25.0 373.4 5.1

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

144.2 140.4 3.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.7 0.0

2015 share

0%

2015

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 25.4, 21.4 and 16.1 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the United Arab Emirates, Singapore and India, accounting for respectively 24.3, 16.2 and 9.5 percent of total imports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 229.9 mln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 207.6 mln US$ and "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 206.7 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8802 Other aircraft (for example, helicopters, aeroplanes); spacecraft................................ 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 9403 Other furniture and parts thereof.................................................................................. 0207 Meat and edible offal, of the poultry of heading 01.05................................................ 4407 Wood sawn or chipped lengthwise, sliced or peeled................................................... 0402 Milk and cream, concentrated or containing added sugar........................................... 8803 Parts of goods of heading 88.01 or 88.02..................................................................... 2202 Waters with added sugar..............................................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

1 733.3 445.2 40.2 57.8 36.8 22.7 23.5 19.4 20.9 16.4 17.5

Source: UN Comtrade

1 992.7 500.2 39.8 70.5 34.7 25.1 21.9 17.8 22.5 21.2 22.6

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

1 913.8 US$/kg 295.0 1.0 0.8 0.5 59.2 20.1 4.0 7.4 mln US$/unit US$/kg 8.3 1.0 1.2 48.4 24.1 US$/kg 22.4 2.3 2.4 2.1 US$/m3 29.2 747.0 733.8 736.7 US$/kg 22.0 3.2 3.3 US$/kg 573.5 26.2 579.3 21.4 1.6 1.7 0.8 US$/litre

SITC code 334 792 343 764 821 012 248 022 792 111

247

Mali Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2012, the value of merchandise exports of Mali increased moderately by 9.9 percent to reach 2.6 bln US$, while its merchandise imports increased slightly by 3.3 percent to reach 3.5 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a moderate deficit of 852.3 mln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at -264.8 mln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Mali were highly concentrated amongst partners; imports were diversified. The top 5 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 14 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2013, the value of exports of services of Mali increased substantially by 21.7 percent, reaching 428.6 mln US$, while its imports of services increased substantially by 97.7 percent and reached 2.1 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services deficit of 1.7 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

5

Imports

Trade Balance

4

2

3

1.5

2

1

1

0.5

(na)

(na) (na) (na)

Exports

2.5

0

Imports

Trade Balance

(na) (na)

0

15

14

20

13

20

11

10

09

08

07

12

20

20

20

20

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

03

02 20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

08

−2.5 07

−5 06

−2

05

−1.5

−4

04

−3

03

−1

02

−2

Exports Profile: "Not classified elsewhere in the SITC" (SITC section 9), "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2012, representing respectively 65.6, 16.1 and 6.7 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2010 to 2012, the largest export commodity was "Gold (including gold plated with platinum)" (HS code 7108) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were South Africa, Switzerland and China, accounting for respectively 55.0, 11.8 and 4.7 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2013 at 178.5 mln US$, followed by "Communications services" (EBOPS code 245) at 173.6 mln US$ and "Government services, n.i.e." (EBOPS code 291) at 56.3 mln US$ (see graph 3).

(na) (na)

−0.5

20

(na) (na) (na)

20

(na)

−1

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013)

Communication ( 40.5 %)

Travel ( 41.6 %)

Remaining ( 4.7 %)

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 13.1 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2010 to 2012 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 5203 Cotton, carded or combed............................................................................................. 3105 Mineral or chemical fertilisers...................................................................................... 5201 Cotton, not carded or combed....................................................................................... 0102 Live bovine animals....................................................................................................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 0104 Live sheep and goats..................................................................................................... 0804 Dates, figs, pineapples, avocados and mangosteens, fresh or dried........................... 3102 Mineral or chemical fertilisers, nitrogenous................................................................. 3104 Mineral or chemical fertilisers, potassic.......................................................................

248

Source: UN Comtrade

2010

Value (million US$) 2011 2012

1 996.3 1 578.7 139.4 30.0 27.9 48.6 28.4 20.5 14.9 0.1 ...

2 374.5 1 691.1 55.6 113.7 149.3 54.7 55.5 15.9 17.8 17.6 23.8

Unit value 2010 2011 2012 Unit

2 610.4 1 709.3 32.5 39.9 38.0 thsd US$/kg US$/kg 372.2 1.5 1.7 2.6 US$/kg 119.0 0.6 0.7 0.6 US$/kg 13.2 1.1 1.6 1.1 84.2 0.8 1.1 2.3 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 14.1 0.8 1.1 1.0 27.9 US$/kg 13.2 1.1 0.9 0.6 US$/kg 25.1 0.7 0.4 0.5 US$/kg 16.0 0.6 0.6

SITC code 971 263 562 263 001 334 001 057 562 562

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Mali Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2008-2012 2011-2012

9.9 24.0 76.6 -71.1 1.4 64.4 51.1 -17.2 1.0

100.0 5.7 16.1 0.6 6.7 1.7 3.4 0.3 65.6

3 462.7 440.3 62.1 993.6 508.3 560.0 765.4 130.4 2.6

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013)

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 43.9 %)

Transportation ( 34.1 %)

Travel ( 5.5 %) Remaining ( 11.1 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.295)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

0%

1.5

1

0.5

0

.5 −0

−1

.5

100.0 12.7 1.8 28.7 14.7 16.2 22.1 3.8 0.1

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.102)

Top partner

−1

3.3 4.7 -12.0 1.2 19.7 -7.2 3.3 21.7 1.9

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2012) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −2

0.9 5.2 -7.3 8.6 1.9 -4.8 -2.9 -5.4 -10.6

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2012 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2012) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2008-2012 2011-2012

2012

40

8.0 3.4 18.5 -13.5 57.2 40.6 10.6 3.8 4.4

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

2 610.4 147.9 420.0 16.0 174.3 44.5 87.6 8.2 1 711.8

2012 share

10

2012

2

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2012, representing respectively 28.7, 22.1 and 16.2 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2010 to 2012, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Senegal, France and China, accounting for respectively 19.3, 11.7 and 10.4 percent of total imports. "Government services, n.i.e." (EBOPS code 291) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2013 at 943.0 mln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 732.1 mln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 117.8 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Other business ( 5.5 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2010 to 2012 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 2523 Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement....................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 8431 Parts suitable for use principally with the machinery of headings 84.25..................... 3102 Mineral or chemical fertilisers, nitrogenous................................................................. 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 1001 Wheat and meslin......................................................................................................... 1006 Rice................................................................................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2010

Value (million US$) 2011 2012

4 703.5 1 201.2 185.3 309.5 100.5 56.2 101.1 81.5 56.8 63.5 50.0

Source: UN Comtrade

3 351.5 961.1 201.2 97.2 73.8 92.8 66.4 67.2 52.1 60.5 44.9

Unit value 2010 2011 2012 Unit

3 462.7 US$/kg 963.3 0.8 1.1 1.1 US$/kg 176.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 US$/kg 141.5 43.0 13.1 20.9 US$/kg 69.1 26.6 18.1 18.7 US$/kg 93.1 0.3 0.4 0.4 14.0 thsd US$/unit 51.7 15.9 47.2 76.2 US$/kg 60.0 0.3 0.5 0.4 US$/kg 87.8 0.2 0.2 0.2

SITC code 334 661 542 723 562 781 782 764 041 042

249

Malta Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Malta decreased substantially by 48.1 percent to reach 2.6 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 31.4 percent to reach 5.8 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 3.2 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at -2.7 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Malta were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 17 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 16 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2013, the value of exports of services of Malta increased slightly by 4.5 percent, reaching 5.2 bln US$, while its imports of services increased slightly by 4.0 percent and reached 3.3 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services surplus of 2.0 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year)

15

14

20

12

13

20

20

10

09

11

20

20

20

08

02 20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−10

20

−8

07

−6

20

−4

(na) (na)

06

−2

Trade Balance

(na) (na)

20

0

05

2

Imports

20

4

04

6

03

8

Exports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) and "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 39.9, 17.5 and 13.3 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Bunkers, ship stores, Germany and Egypt, accounting for respectively 12.0, 9.5 and 7.3 percent of total exports. "Personal, cultural, and recreational services" (EBOPS code 287) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2013 at 2.3 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 1.5 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 482.7 mln US$ (see graph 3).

Exports

6 5 4 3 2 1 0 −1 −2 −3 −4 −5 −6

20

Trade Balance

20

10

Imports

20

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013)

Travel ( 27.8 %)

Personal, cultural & rec ( 44.1 %)

Other business ( 9.2 %) Remaining ( 4.7 %) Financial ( 5.1 %)

Transportation ( 9.2 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8542 Electronic integrated circuits......................................................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 8541 Diodes, transistors and similar semiconductor devices................................................ 8536 Electrical apparatus for switching or protecting electrical circuits.............................. 9503 Tricycles, scooters, wheeled toys; dolls'carriages; dolls; other toys............................ 4907 Unused postage, revenue or similar stamps of current or new issue.......................... 8803 Parts of goods of heading 88.01 or 88.02..................................................................... 0303 Fish, frozen, excluding fish fillets and other fish meat of heading 03.04..................... 2106 Food preparations not elsewhere specified or included...............................................

250

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

5 206.2 2 209.6 720.4 341.6 217.8 194.3 143.1 113.6 106.0 119.4 69.3

4 970.8 2 139.4 396.3 328.7 316.5 185.3 131.7 98.9 94.0 110.5 73.3

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

2 580.8 316.8 0.7 0.6 327.3 263.1 104.7 103.7 223.5 134.1 54.0 59.1 51.1 100.3 30.2 36.6 29.6 145.1 54.2 61.1 59.3 92.5 657.0 656.4 798.6 58.4 21.5 18.5 11.6 67.9 3.2 3.3 3.2

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

SITC code 334 776 542 776 772 894 892 792 034 098

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Malta Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-48.1 -12.2 -17.7 -84.0 -35.0 -23.0 -22.7 -7.0 -16.0

100.0 10.3 0.7 13.3 12.6 4.5 39.9 17.5 1.2

5 793.7 614.2 38.7 1 297.3 488.4 360.7 2 497.6 444.4 52.4

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013) Other business ( 56.8 %) Transportation ( 15.6 %)

Travel ( 12.3 %) Remaining ( 10.3 %)

Insurance ( 5.0 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.06)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

0%

1

0.5

0

.5

−1

−0

.5 −1

−2

.5

−3

−2

.5

100.0 10.6 0.7 22.4 8.4 6.2 43.1 7.7 0.9

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.084)

Top partner

−3

-31.4 -21.6 -11.0 -61.8 -26.6 -19.8 -1.5 -18.8 158.6

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −4

-5.9 -2.3 -3.4 -16.7 -5.1 -5.9 1.5 -3.6 -0.4

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

40

-16.4 8.2 -10.4 -37.5 -2.3 -10.6 -12.0 -3.5 -5.3

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

2 580.8 264.9 17.7 343.1 325.5 117.1 1 028.6 451.7 32.2

2015 share

10

2015

1.5

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 43.1, 22.4 and 10.6 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Italy, the United Kingdom and the United States, accounting for respectively 21.8, 6.2 and 5.8 percent of total imports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2013 at 1.8 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 507.5 mln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 398.6 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8903 Yachts and other vessels for pleasure or sports; rowing boats and canoes................ 8542 Electronic integrated circuits......................................................................................... 8802 Other aircraft (for example, helicopters, aeroplanes); spacecraft................................ 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 8803 Parts of goods of heading 88.01 or 88.02..................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 2933 Heterocyclic compounds with nitrogen hetero-atom(s) only........................................ 8534 Printed circuits............................................................................................................... 8541 Diodes, transistors and similar semiconductor devices................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

7 525.4 2 930.4 461.6 655.9 140.1 138.4 135.6 89.8 61.5 58.3 26.4

Source: UN Comtrade

8 445.2 3 375.8 647.8 351.8 444.7 141.8 119.3 119.9 54.0 49.2 57.3

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

SITC code

5 793.7 US$/kg 334 1 207.9 0.7 0.7 831.8 202.5 191.4 698.4 thsd US$/unit 793 776 238.4 362.9 17.5 29.6 20.2 mln US$/unit 792 US$/kg 542 129.1 56.2 51.4 US$/kg 792 148.1 459.3 553.5 556.5 132.9 11.4 4.4 5.3 thsd US$/unit 781 US$/kg 515 47.8 275.7 250.3 US$/kg 772 54.5 300.6 282.5 321.7 776 75.2

251

Mauritania Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of Mauritania decreased substantially by 13.1 percent to reach 2.1 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased moderately by 8.5 percent to reach 3.6 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a moderate deficit of 1.5 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed North America at -870.7 mln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Mauritania were moderately concentrated amongst partners; imports were diversified. The top 8 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 11 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Mauritania increased substantially by 49.4 percent, reaching 278.4 mln US$, while its imports of services decreased substantially by 10.2 percent and reached 899.1 mln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services deficit of 620.7 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year)

Exports Profile: "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Not classified elsewhere in the SITC" (SITC section 9) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 51.4, 30.7 and 15.1 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Iron ores and concentrates, including roasted iron pyrites" (HS code 2601) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were China, Switzerland and Italy, accounting for respectively 42.9, 13.6 and 6.1 percent of total exports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 163.8 mln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 36.5 mln US$ and "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 34.9 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

13

20

11

10

09

08

12

20

20

20

20

20

07

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−4

06

−3

(na)

20

−2

Trade Balance

(na)

05

(na)

−1

Imports

20

(na)

04

(na)

0

20

1

03

2

20

3

Exports

1.2 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 −0.2 −0.4 −0.6 −0.8 −1 −1.2 02

Trade Balance

20

4

Imports

20

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Other business ( 58.8 %)

Travel ( 13.1 %)

Remaining ( 7.1 %)

Transportation ( 12.5 %) Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 8.4 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2601 Iron ores and concentrates, including roasted iron pyrites........................................... 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 2603 Copper ores and concentrates....................................................................................... 0307 Molluscs, whether in shell or not.................................................................................. 0303 Fish, frozen, excluding fish fillets and other fish meat of heading 03.04..................... 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 2301 Flours, meals and pellets, of meat or meat offal.......................................................... 0302 Fish, fresh or chilled, excluding fish fillets.................................................................... 0306 Crustaceans, whether in shell or not............................................................................

252

Source: UN Comtrade

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

2 623.8 1 011.1 317.4 312.2 380.4 144.1 271.3 73.8 36.1 28.5 12.8

2 462.5 1 269.2 352.9 303.5 199.4 167.5 ... 62.6 43.1 25.0 6.4

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

2 139.8 US$/kg 854.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 322.2 50.2 42.6 37.3 thsd US$/kg US$/kg 216.5 1.6 1.6 1.4 US$/kg 227.1 6.7 4.9 7.0 US$/kg 288.3 0.6 0.5 US$/kg ... 0.8 US$/kg 59.3 1.0 0.8 0.3 US$/kg 76.1 1.0 1.1 1.1 US$/kg 25.9 1.5 1.4 US$/kg 24.3 5.8 6.0 7.7

SITC code 281 971 283 036 034 333 334 081 034 036

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Mauritania Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

-13.1 46.4 -31.1 -4.7 4.2 -8.7

100.0 30.7 51.4 2.8 0.0 15.1

3 641.8 392.3 63.6 750.3 149.8 450.7 1 766.3 68.7 0.0

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Other business ( 46.5 %)

Remaining ( 4.3 %) Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 5.7 %)

Transportation ( 36.6 %)

Travel ( 6.9 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.156)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

0%

0.8

0.6

0.4

0

0.2

.2

.4

−0

.6

−0

.8

−0

−0

100.0 10.8 1.7 20.6 4.1 12.4 48.5 1.9 0.0

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.116)

Top partner

−1

.2

-8.5 1.4 -6.2 -6.3 -4.8 25.9 -17.1 -11.0 ...

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −1

20.8 7.1 9.4 13.4 18.7 24.4 31.0 15.2 -86.5

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

40

4.1 25.7 14.3 -31.0 53.4 -16.1

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

2 139.8 657.8 1 099.9 59.7 0.3 322.2

2014 share

10

2014

1

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 6 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 48.5, 20.6 and 12.4 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the United Arab Emirates, the United States and France, accounting for respectively 20.1, 11.7 and 10.2 percent of total imports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 418.1 mln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 328.9 mln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 61.9 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8905 Light-vessels, fire-floats, dredgers, floating cranes and other vessels........................ 8431 Parts suitable for use principally with the machinery of headings 84.25..................... 1001 Wheat and meslin......................................................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 8474 Machinery for sorting, screening, separating, washing, crushing, grinding................ 8429 Self-propelled bulldozers, angledozers, graders, levellers, scrapers........................... 1006 Rice................................................................................................................................ 8904 Tugs and pusher craft.................................................................................................... 8428 Other lifting, handling, loading or unloading machinery...............................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

2 970.6 730.3 19.4 195.1 139.0 108.3 87.5 85.8 54.0 ... 36.2

Source: UN Comtrade

3 978.5 733.6 926.9 247.0 107.2 103.8 62.9 81.8 59.8 76.0 91.9

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

3 641.8 US$/kg 686.2 0.9 1.0 0.9 687.3 US$/kg 204.2 14.0 12.2 17.5 US$/kg 110.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 105.4 22.2 21.7 22.6 thsd US$/unit 41.7 24.4 US$/kg 60.1 0.3 0.3 0.4 92.5 22.2

SITC code 334 793 723 041 781 728 723 042 793 744

253

Mauritius Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Mauritius decreased moderately by 6.8 percent to reach 2.5 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 20.5 percent to reach 4.5 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a moderate deficit of 2.0 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Eastern Asia at -913.2 mln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Mauritius were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 11 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 17 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Mauritius increased substantially by 14.9 percent, reaching 3.2 bln US$, while its imports of services increased substantially by 13.0 percent and reached 2.5 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services surplus of 692.4 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

6 5 4 3 2 1 0 −1 −2 −3 −4 −5 −6

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

4

Imports

Trade Balance

3 2 1 (na)

0 (na)

−1 −2 −3

Exports Profile: "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 38.7, 29.7 and 15.3 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Prepared or preserved fish; caviar" (HS code 1604) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were the United Kingdom, France and the United States, accounting for respectively 14.4, 13.7 and 10.4 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 1.4 bln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 906.2 mln US$ and "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 364.4 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

12

13

20

20

10

09

08

07

11

20

20

20

20

20

06

20

04

05

20

20

03

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−4

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Other business ( 28.4 %)

Travel ( 45.3 %)

Remaining ( 14.8 %)

Transportation ( 11.4 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 1604 Prepared or preserved fish; caviar................................................................................. 1701 Cane or beet sugar and chemically pure sucrose, in solid form................................... 6109 T-shirts, singlets and other vests, knitted or crocheted................................................ 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 6205 Men's or boys'shirts...................................................................................................... 6203 Men's or boys'suits, ensembles, jackets, blazers, trousers.......................................... 7102 Diamonds, whether or not worked, but not mounted or set......................................... 0303 Fish, frozen, excluding fish fillets and other fish meat of heading 03.04..................... 6110 Jerseys, pullovers, cardigans, waist-coats and similar articles................................... 6104 Women's or girls'suits, ensembles, jackets, blazers, dresses, skirts...........................

254

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

2 341.3 375.6 308.9 208.1 55.3 168.1 106.5 83.4 82.9 68.9 58.7

2 663.0 320.3 254.0 232.6 299.8 167.6 117.1 112.8 89.0 65.3 59.3

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

2 481.1 255.9 5.6 4.7 4.0 218.6 0.7 0.6 0.5 204.9 4.3 4.3 4.1 287.1 166.0 10.1 10.2 10.0 125.9 13.6 13.3 13.4 115.2 95.9 2.3 1.7 1.5 55.3 11.0 10.6 9.2 52.3 6.6 6.7 7.2

US$/kg US$/kg US$/unit US$/unit US$/unit US$/kg US$/unit US$/unit

SITC code 037 061 845 764 841 841 667 034 845 844

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Mauritius Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-6.8 -12.7 -10.1 291.9 -5.1 -7.5 -0.3 -4.6 -19.3

100.0 29.7 1.5 0.2 3.8 10.4 15.3 38.7 0.4

4 458.3 941.7 148.7 674.8 380.5 791.5 1 117.3 382.5 21.4

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Transportation ( 24.1 %)

Other business ( 38.6 %) Travel ( 19.2 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.078)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

0%

1

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0

.4

.6

.8

.2 −0

−0

−0

100.0 21.1 3.3 15.1 8.5 17.8 25.1 8.6 0.5

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.085)

Top partner

−0

-20.5 -16.8 -21.6 -37.2 -13.3 -12.5 -18.7 -18.9 -9.3

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −1

-3.6 -2.2 -10.7 -11.8 -2.5 -4.8 4.7 -4.0 7.2

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

40

2.4 -0.5 -4.3 24.4 5.8 3.0 65.5 -3.2 -2.7

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

2 481.1 736.6 37.4 6.1 94.9 257.9 379.5 959.2 9.5

2015 share

10

2015

1.2

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 25.1, 21.1 and 17.8 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were India, China and France, accounting for respectively 21.5, 16.2 and 7.7 percent of total imports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 964.9 mln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 603.0 mln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 480.7 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Remaining ( 18.0 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 0303 Fish, frozen, excluding fish fillets and other fish meat of heading 03.04..................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 7102 Diamonds, whether or not worked, but not mounted or set......................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 5208 Woven fabrics of cotton, containing 85 % or more by weight of cotton...................... 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 0402 Milk and cream, concentrated or containing added sugar...........................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

5 395.5 1 018.6 129.0 337.4 166.0 91.0 93.2 68.1 79.7 73.2 64.6

Source: UN Comtrade

5 607.2 890.0 374.0 283.7 182.6 116.0 106.0 105.3 78.6 75.5 85.0

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

4 458.3 US$/kg 553.9 1.6 1.8 1.8 341.4 US$/kg 201.9 2.1 1.7 1.2 168.1 11.0 11.6 9.9 thsd US$/unit 104.8 US$/kg 103.9 23.2 19.8 18.4 US$/kg 69.9 1.0 0.9 0.5 US$/kg 71.4 13.6 14.3 12.9 63.1 230.7 187.5 156.8 US$/unit US$/kg 55.2 4.8 5.1 3.8

SITC code 334 764 034 781 667 542 343 652 752 022

255

Mexico Goods Imports: FOB, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Mexico decreased slightly by 4.1 percent to reach 380.7 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased slightly by 1.2 percent to reach 395.2 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). While the overall merchandise trade deficit of 14.5 bln US$ was relatively small, it reflected a substantial increase from the deficit in 2014 of 2.9 bln US$ (see graph 1). Mexico recorded a merchandise trade surplus of 121.8 bln US$ with its largest partner, the United States, a very slight decrease of 0.8 percent compared to the surplus with the United States in 2014. The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed North America at 122.4 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Mexico were highly concentrated amongst partners; imports were also highly concentrated. The top 1 partner accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 7 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Mexico increased slightly by 4.6 percent, reaching 21.0 bln US$, while its imports of services increased moderately by 8.8 percent and reached 34.7 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services deficit of 13.7 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

400

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

40

300

30

200

20

100

10

0

0

−100

−10

−200

−20

−300

−30

−400

−40

Imports

Trade Balance

(na)

Exports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 61.9, 10.3 and 7.0 percent of exported goods (see table 2). In 2015, the largest export commodity was "Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport" (HS code 8703), overtaking "Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude" (HS code 2709), which was the largest export commodity in 2014 (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were the United States, Canada and China, accounting for respectively 80.1, 2.7 and 1.5 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 16.3 bln US$, followed by "Insurance services" (EBOPS code 253) at 3.6 bln US$ (see graph 3).

15

13

12

11

10

09

08

07

14

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

02

03

20

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

(na)

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 77.3 %)

Remaining ( 5.8 %)

Insurance ( 16.9 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) Unit value 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2013 2014 2015 2013 2014 2015 Unit All Commodities............................................................................................................ 379 949.3 397 098.8 380 749.9 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 32 389.4 32 391.3 32 843.3 16.8 16.1 16.1 thsd US$/unit 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 42 711.7 35 855.4 18 779.4 0.7 0.6 0.8 US$/kg 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 20 521.9 22 820.3 25 132.3 10.7 10.7 10.7 US$/kg 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 17 560.5 21 503.5 21 752.0 24.9 25.2 22.7 thsd US$/unit 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 17 401.3 20 737.9 18 381.4 458.0 630.0 643.2 US$/unit 8528 Reception apparatus for television............................................................................... 16 688.9 16 869.5 16 783.9 273.2 263.2 268.9 US$/unit 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 17 975.6 15 750.8 15 859.5 8544 Insulated (including enamelled or anodised) wire, cable............................................. 10 161.1 11 110.6 11 416.4 13.7 5.8 14.3 US$/kg 8701 Tractors (other than tractors of heading 87.09)............................................................ 5 565.7 7 777.2 8 902.2 24.4 83.3 59.0 thsd US$/unit 9401 Seats (other than those of heading 94.02).................................................................... 5 270.2 6 241.0 6 278.1 HS code

256

Source: UN Comtrade

SITC code 781 333 784 782 752 761 764 773 722 821

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Mexico Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-4.1 4.1 -13.0 -45.4 -8.3 -6.9 1.8 3.5 5.7

100.0 6.8 1.8 6.0 3.8 7.0 61.9 10.3 2.4

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

395 232.2 19 686.6 9 727.1 26 450.9 42 799.1 54 646.2 192 029.6 37 993.3 11 899.4

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

(% share in 2014)

Travel ( 27.8 %) Transportation ( 42.3 %)

Insurance ( 12.1 %) Remaining ( 3.2 %) Royalties & lic. fees ( 5.4 %)

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 9.2 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.661)

Top partner

25 th 10

80

60

40

20

20

40

0%

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

%

15 th

0%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

0%

0

0

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category

35

0

30

0

25

0

20

0

15

50

10

0

0

00

50

−5

−1

00

100.0 5.0 2.5 6.7 10.8 13.8 48.6 9.6 3.0

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.263)

Top partner

−1

-1.2 -7.4 -9.3 -20.4 -6.0 -0.3 2.0 7.4 10.4

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −2

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

3.0 0.1 -5.5 -6.8 2.0 3.4 4.8 6.1 12.1

%

2.2 5.1 -1.5 -20.0 0.4 -1.4 6.4 8.0 -2.5

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

380 749.9 25 860.0 6 824.9 22 837.0 14 414.7 26 737.0 235 693.8 39 179.6 9 203.0

2015 share

80

2015

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 48.6, 13.8 and 10.8 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710), although "Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05" (HS code 8708) became the largest import commodity in 2015 (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the United States, China and Japan, accounting for respectively 48.5, 16.8 and 4.4 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 14.7 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 9.7 bln US$ and "Insurance services" (EBOPS code 253) at 4.2 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2013 2014 2015 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 381 210.1 399 976.9 395 232.2 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 25 329.9 24 352.5 19 974.2 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 20 611.1 22 921.5 23 432.9 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 15 060.0 13 436.2 14 724.8 8542 Electronic integrated circuits......................................................................................... 13 359.8 13 933.6 14 793.1 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 8 583.1 10 672.9 11 701.8 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 8 832.6 8 973.9 9 339.4 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 8 452.6 8 574.9 9 463.8 8529 Parts suitable for use with the apparatus of headings 85.25 to 85.28......................... 9 555.5 9 535.1 6 107.5 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 5 568.6 7 142.4 4 978.8 8536 Electrical apparatus for switching or protecting electrical circuits.............................. 5 608.3 5 949.6 6 097.1 HS code

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Source: UN Comtrade

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

SITC code

334 784 764 776 931 752 74.9 77.3 92.6 US$/unit 8.7 10.3 11.3 thsd US$/unit 781 US$/kg 764 25.7 24.5 343 US$/kg 772 17.2 11.0 14.2

12.2 12.5 12.7

US$/kg

257

Micronesia (Federated states of) Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2013, the value of merchandise exports of Micronesia (Federated states of) decreased substantially by 38.7 percent to reach 27.6 mln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased slightly by 3.1 percent to reach 187.7 mln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 160.1 mln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed North America at -68.6 mln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Micronesia (Federated states of) were highly concentrated amongst partners; imports were moderately concentrated. The top 2 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 6 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2008, the value of exports of services of Micronesia (Federated states of) increased moderately by 7.3 percent, reaching 26.3 mln US$, while its imports of services increased moderately by 7.9 percent and reached 64.1 mln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services deficit of 37.8 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Mln US$ by year)

(Mln US$ by year) Exports

200

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

80

150

60

100

40

50

Imports

Trade Balance

20 (na) (na)

(na) (na) (na) (na) (na) (na) (na)

0

0

Exports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2013, representing respectively 99.1, 0.5 and 0.4 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2011 to 2013, the largest export commodity was "Fish, frozen, excluding fish fillets" (HS code 0303) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Areas nes, Guam and Northern Mariana Islands, accounting for respectively 83.6, 11.0 and 3.0 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2008 at 19.7 mln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 4.9 mln US$ and "Communications services" (EBOPS code 245) at 1.8 mln US$ (see graph 3).

14

15 20

12

13

20

20

10

11

20

20

08

07

09

20

20

20

05

06

20

20

20

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

07

−80 06

−200 05

−60

04

−150

03

−40

02

−100

04

(na) (na) (na) (na) (na) (na) (na)

−20

03

(na) (na)

−50

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2008) Travel ( 74.9 %)

Remaining ( −0.8 %) Communication ( 6.8 %)

Transportation ( 18.6 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2011 to 2013 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2002 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 0303 Fish, frozen, excluding fish fillets.................................................................................. 0802 Other nuts, fresh or dried.............................................................................................. 1212 Locust beans, seaweeds and other algae..................................................................... 2106 Food preparations not elsewhere specified or included............................................... 0307 Molluscs, whether in shell or not.................................................................................. 0604 Foliage, branches and other parts of plants.................................................................. 0301 Live fish.......................................................................................................................... 1203 Copra.............................................................................................................................. 4421 Other articles of wood................................................................................................... 0306 Crustaceans, whether in shell or not............................................................................

258

Source: UN Comtrade

2011

Value (million US$) 2012 2013

36.7 30.6 4.5 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

45.1 39.9 3.5 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.0

Unit value 2011 2012 2013 Unit

27.6 22.8 1.5 1.9 3.4 13.7 13.8 0.5 0.4 5.2 0.2 43.4 0.1 6.4 6.3 0.1 12.1 0.0 0.5 0.1 10.2 9.3 10.8 0.0 6.1 3.9 5.7

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

SITC code 034 057 292 098 036 292 034 223 635 036

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Micronesia (Federated states of) Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2009-2013 2012-2013

-38.7 -38.7 -62.0 17.2 200.2

100.0 99.1 0.5 0.4 0.1

187.7 51.1 4.7 56.4 8.8 18.4 27.7 14.1 6.5

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2008) Transportation ( 60.8 %)

Travel ( 10.0 %) Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 8.3 %) Remaining ( 14.4 %)

Personal, cultural & rec ( 6.6 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.654)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

0

0 −1

0 −2

0 −3

0 −4

0 −5

0

100.0 27.2 2.5 30.1 4.7 9.8 14.7 7.5 3.5

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.204)

Top partner

−6

0

-3.1 -9.6 -42.0 -0.9 -14.6 -17.1 19.2 -10.6 955.9

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2013) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −7

2.4 -0.1 -6.7 9.2 -3.8 -0.5 0.9 -1.7 20.5

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2013 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Mln US$ by MDG Regions in 2013) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2009-2013 2012-2013

2013

40

10.8 10.9 7.1 0.6 195.8

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

27.6 27.4 0.1 0.1 0.0

2013 share

0%

2013

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 6 8

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2013, representing respectively 30.1, 27.2 and 14.7 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2011 to 2013, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the United States, Guam and Japan, accounting for respectively 37.3, 24.2 and 7.1 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2008 at 39.0 mln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 6.4 mln US$ and "Government services, n.i.e." (EBOPS code 291) at 5.3 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2011 to 2013 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2002 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 1006 Rice................................................................................................................................ 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 0207 Meat and edible offal, of the poultry of heading 01.05................................................ 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 1604 Prepared or preserved fish; caviar................................................................................. 1602 Other prepared or preserved meat, meat offal or blood............................................... 1902 Pasta, whether or not cooked or stuffed....................................................................... 1905 Bread, pastry, cakes, biscuits and other bakers' wares................................................ 2202 Waters with added sugar..............................................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2011

Value (million US$) 2012 2013

188.1 44.1 8.2 6.6 5.5 10.0 3.3 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.3

Source: UN Comtrade

193.6 54.8 10.3 6.2 6.7 0.6 3.8 2.7 2.5 2.5 2.5

187.7 54.8 9.4 6.1 6.0 6.5 3.0 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.1

Unit value 2011 2012 2013 Unit

SITC code 334

US$/kg 042 0.4 0.5 0.5 7.5 8.5 thsd US$/unit 781 US$/kg 012 1.6 1.8

3.2 3.8 5.1 5.7 5.7 1.5 1.6 3.2 3.5 3.4 1.0 1.0 1.0

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/litre

931 037 017 048 048 111

259

Mongolia Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Mongolia decreased substantially by 19.1 percent to reach 4.7 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 26.0 percent to reach 3.8 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a moderate surplus of 872.7 mln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Eastern Asia at 2.3 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Mongolia were highly concentrated amongst partners; imports were moderately concentrated. The top 1 partner accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 5 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Mongolia decreased substantially by 19.2 percent, reaching 573.4 mln US$, while its imports of services increased moderately by 5.1 percent and reached 2.1 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services deficit of 1.6 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

8

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

2.5

Imports

Trade Balance

2

6

1.5

4

1

2

0.5

(na) (na) (na) (na) (na)

0

(na)

0 (na)

(na) (na) (na) (na) (na)

(na)

−0.5

−2

−1

−4

Exports Profile: "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Not classified elsewhere in the SITC" (SITC section 9) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 65.0, 20.3 and 9.0 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Copper ores and concentrates" (HS code 2603) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were China, the United Kingdom and the Russian Federation, accounting for respectively 86.1, 6.4 and 1.4 percent of total exports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 204.8 mln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 172.6 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 142.9 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

12

13

20

20

11

20

09

10

20

20

07

08

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

04

−2.5 03

−8 02

−2

03

−1.5

−6

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 30.1 %)

Transportation ( 35.7 %)

Other business ( 24.9 %) Remaining ( 9.3 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2603 Copper ores and concentrates....................................................................................... 2701 Coal; briquettes, ovoids and similar solid fuels manufactured from coal.................... 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 2601 Iron ores and concentrates, including roasted iron pyrites........................................... 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 5102 Fine or coarse animal hair, not carded or combed........................................................ 2608 Zinc ores and concentrates........................................................................................... 2529 Feldspar; leucite, nepheline and nepheline syenite; fluorspar..................................... 5105 Wool and fine or coarse animal hair, carded or combed.............................................. 7403 Refined copper and copper alloys, unwrought..............................................................

260

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

4 269.1 949.0 1 116.2 515.5 654.3 309.8 193.9 119.1 83.3 58.0 16.1

5 774.3 2 574.7 848.6 634.6 446.4 405.2 235.7 113.2 71.5 63.4 41.9

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

4 669.3 US$/kg 2 280.1 1.5 1.9 1.5 US$/kg 555.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 US$/kg 387.2 0.7 0.7 0.4 US$/kg 227.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 420.6 41.0 40.4 37.1 thsd US$/kg US$/kg 212.9 30.0 32.6 30.2 US$/kg 101.7 0.9 1.1 1.2 US$/kg 65.5 0.2 0.2 0.2 US$/kg 43.1 74.9 81.9 37.2 US$/kg 66.7 7.3 6.6 5.4

SITC code 283 321 333 281 971 268 287 278 268 682

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Mongolia Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-19.1 130.1 -16.6 -36.5 8.6 28.5 -23.7 3.3 3.8

100.0 1.0 65.0 20.3 0.1 2.4 1.5 0.7 9.0

3 796.6 447.5 48.1 874.5 315.2 699.9 1 146.1 265.0 0.2

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category Other business ( 27.1 %)

Transportation ( 31.2 %)

Travel ( 23.5 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.703)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

0%

3

3.5

2

2.5

1

1.5

0

0.5

.5

−1

−0

.5 −1

100.0 11.8 1.3 23.0 8.3 18.4 30.2 7.0 0.0

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.214)

Top partner

(% share in 2014)

-26.0 3.1 -14.7 -35.6 -14.3 -30.1 -28.6 -14.4 -43.9

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −2

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

40

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

4 669.3 46.9 3 033.9 949.7 2.4 111.4 71.4 32.9 420.6

2015 share

10

2015

4

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 30.2, 23.0 and 18.4 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were China, the Russian Federation and the Republic of Korea, accounting for respectively 31.7, 26.9 and 7.3 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 662.8 mln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 576.6 mln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 500.7 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Remaining ( 18.2 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 2716 Electrical energy............................................................................................................ 8474 Machinery for sorting, screening, separating, washing, crushing, grinding................ 8429 Self-propelled bulldozers, angledozers, graders, levellers, scrapers........................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 2523 Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement....................................................... 7214 Other bars and rods of iron or non-alloy steel.............................................................. 7308 Structures (excluding prefabricated buildings of heading 94.06).................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

6 357.8 1 409.8 373.0 307.0 112.8 117.5 168.8 87.8 97.8 90.2 95.5

Source: UN Comtrade

5 131.5 1 154.6 289.2 107.8 130.0 113.7 51.4 83.0 91.6 81.7 82.6

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

SITC code

3 796.6 US$/kg 334 707.6 1.2 1.0 0.6 210.0 8.3 7.0 5.7 thsd US$/unit 781 49.9 17.1 8.6 6.5 thsd US$/unit 782 129.2 94.4 96.4 93.3 US$/MWh 351 728 64.2 45.0 124.3 72.1 104.3 thsd US$/unit 723 764 80.6 US$/kg 661 49.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 US$/kg 676 39.0 0.6 0.6 0.4 US$/kg 691 32.1 1.5 1.5 1.5

261

Montenegro Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Montenegro decreased substantially by 19.9 percent to reach 353.1 mln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 13.4 percent to reach 2.1 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 1.7 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at -697.1 mln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Montenegro were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 11 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 12 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Montenegro increased slightly by 4.3 percent, reaching 1.4 bln US$, while its imports of services increased slightly by 0.6 percent and reached 444.3 mln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services surplus of 923.9 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

4

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

1.5

3

Imports

Trade Balance

1

2 0.5

1 (na) (na) (na) (na)

(na)

0

0 (na) (na) (na) (na)

(na)

−1

−0.5

−2 −1

−3 −4

Exports Profile: "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6), "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 30.4, 20.2 and 16.8 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Unwrought aluminium" (HS code 7601) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Serbia, Belarus and Croatia, accounting for respectively 28.0, 10.2 and 9.8 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 906.5 mln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 234.2 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 81.0 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

13

20

12

20

11

20

09

10

20

20

07

08

20

20

05

06

20

20

04

20

03

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−1.5

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 66.3 %)

Transportation ( 17.1 %) Remaining ( 10.7 %)

Other business ( 5.9 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 7601 Unwrought aluminium................................................................................................... 2716 Electrical energy............................................................................................................ 2204 Wine of fresh grapes, including fortified wines........................................................... 4407 Wood sawn or chipped lengthwise, sliced or peeled................................................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 0203 Meat of swine, fresh, chilled or frozen......................................................................... 7204 Ferrous waste and scrap; remelting scrap ingots of iron or steel................................ 8483 Transmission shafts (including cam shafts and crank shafts) and cranks.................... 7214 Other bars and rods of iron or non-alloy steel.............................................................. 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06)..............................

262

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

494.4 105.9 126.8 17.5 14.5 14.9 0.1 19.1 12.7 10.3 8.3

440.7 94.9 49.9 18.2 18.5 12.1 43.3 16.8 13.5 4.2 7.4

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

353.1 76.1 2.2 2.2 1.9 33.0 64.1 74.1 61.1 17.2 2.5 3.0 2.3 19.4 16.9 1.1 1.0 0.7 0.2 3.4 3.8 1.8 4.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 13.5 17.0 1.2 1.2 1.0 7.3 7.8 7.5 6.0

US$/kg US$/MWh US$/litre US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

SITC code 684 351 112 248 334 012 282 748 676 542

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Montenegro Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-19.9 -47.5 -22.4 -18.4 -15.1 -1.9 9.4 5.6

100.0 16.8 20.2 14.8 4.1 30.4 9.4 4.3

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

2 050.2 497.3 65.2 221.7 215.3 315.0 455.5 280.2 0.0

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

(% share in 2014) Other business ( 21.8 %)

Transportation ( 39.1 %)

Remaining ( 9.3 %)

Travel ( 10.6 %) Computer & information ( 7.7 %) Construction ( 6.0 %) Personal, cultural & rec ( 5.5 %)

Top partner

0% 10

80

60

40

20

20

80

%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

0%

15 th

%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

0

0

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.096)

5 th

20

0

10

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00 −1

−2

−3

−4

−5

−6

−7

00

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.114)

Top partner

−8

100.0 24.3 3.2 10.8 10.5 15.4 22.2 13.7 0.0

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −9

-13.4 -18.7 -13.0 -29.3 -9.9 -12.5 1.0 -11.5 -20.5

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Mln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

-5.3 -3.9 -17.2 -16.7 -2.3 -3.9 0.7 -2.7 -29.8

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

40

-13.4 -4.2 -5.9 -12.1 -3.9 -23.0 -0.1 -10.2

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

353.1 59.2 71.4 52.3 14.3 107.4 33.1 15.3

2015 share

0%

2015

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 24.3, 22.2 and 15.4 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Serbia, China and Greece, accounting for respectively 27.9, 8.5 and 7.7 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 173.6 mln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 96.7 mln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 47.2 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 0203 Meat of swine, fresh, chilled or frozen......................................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 2716 Electrical energy............................................................................................................ 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 9403 Other furniture and parts thereof.................................................................................. 2202 Waters with added sugar.............................................................................................. 2818 Artificial corundum, whether or not chemically defined............................................... 2523 Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement.......................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

2 348.9 239.6 83.3 64.1 60.7 72.3 32.9 32.7 37.7 35.8 29.9

Source: UN Comtrade

2 366.8 231.5 83.7 100.4 59.2 51.2 43.3 37.8 34.8 32.3 30.1

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

2 050.2 US$/kg 154.8 1.0 0.9 0.6 76.8 4.6 4.5 3.6 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 47.2 3.2 3.1 2.3 US$/kg 55.1 61.5 68.3 54.6 45.1 49.7 48.3 41.4 US$/MWh 43.5 30.5 28.0 0.6 0.6 0.6 US$/litre US$/kg 28.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 US$/kg 27.0 0.1 0.1 0.1

SITC code 334 781 012 542 351 764 821 111 522 661

263

Montserrat Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of Montserrat decreased substantially by 43.4 percent to reach 3.4 mln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased slightly by 0.4 percent to reach 41.9 mln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 38.5 mln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed North America at -30.5 mln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Montserrat were moderately concentrated amongst partners; imports were highly concentrated. The top 4 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 3 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2013, the value of exports of services of Montserrat increased slightly by 4.9 percent, reaching 13.9 mln US$, while its imports of services increased slightly by 2.9 percent and reached 18.7 mln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services deficit of 4.8 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Mln US$ by year)

(Mln US$ by year)

Exports Profile: "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 59.6, 24.9 and 9.2 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Natural sands of all kinds" (HS code 2505) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Dominica, the United States and Saint Kitts and Nevis, accounting for respectively 29.7, 21.6 and 10.8 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2013 at 7.6 mln US$, followed by "Computer and information services" (EBOPS code 262) at 3.4 mln US$ and "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 1.9 mln US$ (see graph 3).

14

15 20

13

20

12

20

10

09

11

20

20

20

08

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−50

20

−40

07

−30

20

−20

(na) (na)

06

(na)

20

(na)

−10

Trade Balance

(na) (na)

05

(na)

Imports

20

(na)

0

04

10

20

20

03

30

20

40

Exports

30 25 20 15 10 5 0 −5 −10 −15 −20 −25 −30 02

Trade Balance

20

50

Imports

20

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013)

Travel ( 54.4 %) Computer & information ( 24.1 %)

Transportation ( 13.7 %)

Remaining ( 7.7 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2505 Natural sands of all kinds.............................................................................................. 8716 Trailers and semi-trailers.............................................................................................. 8431 Parts suitable for use principally with the machinery of headings 84.25..................... 8307 Flexible tubing of base metal, with or without fittings................................................. 2517 Pebbles, gravel, broken or crushed stone..................................................................... 8430 Other moving, grading, levelling, scraping, excavating, tamping, compacting............ 9031 Measuring or checking instruments, appliances and machines................................... 8207 Interchangeable tools for hand tools, whether or not power-operated....................... 7304 Tubes, pipes and hollow profiles, seamless, of iron (other than cast iron).................. 2402 Cigars, cheroots, cigarillos and cigarettes....................................................................

264

Source: UN Comtrade

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

1.8 1.1 ... 0.0 ... 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.0 ... ...

6.0 0.9 1.1 0.6 0.6 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.4 ...

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

3.4 1.5 0.0 ... 0.0 20.9 ... 0.4 0.0 0.4 ... ... 25.1 ... 0.3

0.0

0.0

US$/kg

2.3 49.6 9.6 0.0 0.0

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

9.1 4.8

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

8.2

SITC code 273 786 723 699 273 723 874 695 679 122

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Montserrat Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

3.4 0.3 2.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.8 0.0 0.1

32.4 626.7 34.0 ... 140.2 85.7 25.2 31.8 -16.2

-43.4 9339.7 79.6 -98.7 196.9 -94.4 -70.4 -85.6 140.0

2014 share

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

100.0 9.2 59.6 0.0 0.7 2.8 24.9 1.2 1.6

41.9 6.9 0.8 14.5 1.9 5.6 8.2 3.8 0.2

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

-0.4 1.5 -7.5 2.1 -19.2 -4.8 -7.3 41.3 -57.3

100.0 16.5 2.0 34.7 4.5 13.4 19.5 9.0 0.4

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Mln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

SITC Legend

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014) Exports

Trade balance

Developed Asia−Pacific

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.538)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.201)

Developed Europe

Top partner

Top partner

Developed N. America

5 th

5 th

10 th

10 th

15 th

15 th

20 th

20 th

25 th

25 th

Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia

(% share in 2013)

Transportation ( 23.1 %) Remaining ( 0.7 %) Insurance ( 5.5 %)

Other business ( 19.0 %)

Travel ( 16.3 %)

Computer & information ( 16.1 %)

%

0% 10

80

%

%

60

40

% 20

0%

% 20

%

%

40

%

60

80

10

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 19.3 %)

5

0

−5

0 −1

5 −1

0 −2

5 −2

0 −3

−3

5

Oceania

0%

Western Asia

Imports Profile: "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 34.7, 19.5 and 16.5 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the United States, Trinidad and Tobago and the United Kingdom, accounting for respectively 71.7, 6.5 and 4.0 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2013 at 4.3 mln US$, followed by "Government services, n.i.e." (EBOPS code 291) at 3.6 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 3.5 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 0207 Meat and edible offal, of the poultry of heading 01.05................................................ 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 2106 Food preparations not elsewhere specified or included............................................... 2523 Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement....................................................... 2202 Waters with added sugar.............................................................................................. 2203 Beer made from malt..................................................................................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

36.9 11.5 1.0 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.3

Source: UN Comtrade

42.1 13.5 1.2 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.2

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

SITC code

41.9 US$/kg 13.9 0.9 0.8 0.9 1.3 19.0 18.8 18.6 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 0.7 2.3 2.1 2.5 US$/kg 0.7 1.0 1.0 1.1 0.7 US$/kg 0.5 1.7 2.1 2.0 US$/kg 0.5 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.4 1.4 1.2 1.2 US$/litre 0.5 1.2 1.2 1.1 US$/litre 0.9

334 781 012 343 752 098 661 111 112 764

265

Morocco Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of Morocco increased moderately by 8.4 percent to reach 23.8 bln US$, while its merchandise imports increased slightly by 2.2 percent to reach 46.2 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 22.4 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at -8.4 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Morocco were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 19 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 17 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2013, the value of exports of services of Morocco decreased slightly by 1.1 percent, reaching 13.5 bln US$, while its imports of services decreased slightly by 1.0 percent and reached 8.1 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services surplus of 5.4 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

50

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

15

Imports

Trade Balance

40 10

30 20

5

10

(na)

(na) (na)

0

0 (na)

−10

(na) (na)

−5

−20 −30

−10

−40

Exports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 29.3, 18.1 and 17.0 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Insulated (including enamelled or anodised) wire, cable" (HS code 8544) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were France, Spain and Brazil, accounting for respectively 21.3, 19.2 and 5.5 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2013 at 6.9 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 2.6 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 2.1 bln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

13

20

12

20

10

09

08

07

11

20

20

20

20

20

06

20

04

05

20

20

03

20

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

02

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−15

−50

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013)

Travel ( 51.3 %)

Transportation ( 19.4 %)

Other business ( 15.6 %) Remaining ( 13.7 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2002 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 8544 Insulated (including enamelled or anodised) wire, cable............................................. 3105 Mineral or chemical fertilisers...................................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 2809 Diphosphorus pentaoxide; phosphoric acid.................................................................. 2510 Natural calcium phosphates.......................................................................................... 6204 Women's or girls' suits, ensembles, jackets, blazers, dresses, skirts.......................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 1604 Prepared or preserved fish; caviar................................................................................. 0307 Molluscs, whether in shell or not.................................................................................. 8541 Diodes, transistors and similar semiconductor devices................................................

266

Source: UN Comtrade

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

21 417.2 1 761.4 2 036.5 836.6 1 649.8 1 543.5 987.3 792.3 643.7 491.0 517.6

21 965.4 2 084.8 1 504.0 1 500.9 1 433.5 1 082.0 1 046.5 1 068.0 679.4 537.5 496.8

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

23 815.8 US$/kg 2 426.3 17.8 19.4 18.6 US$/kg 1 647.0 0.6 0.5 0.4 2 293.2 15.7 14.8 13.6 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 1 523.1 0.9 0.7 0.7 US$/kg 977.6 0.2 0.1 0.1 1 128.7 US$/kg 743.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 US$/kg 702.8 4.6 4.7 4.4 US$/kg 560.5 6.5 5.0 6.4 508.1

SITC code 773 562 781 522 272 842 334 037 036 776

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Morocco Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

8.4 6.9 -0.9 -23.9 7.6 -2.1 25.1 6.5 262.1

100.0 18.1 8.7 5.1 16.6 5.0 29.3 17.0 0.4

46 191.7 4 972.4 2 419.7 11 067.1 4 698.9 8 373.1 11 938.6 2 621.5 100.4

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013) Other business ( 21.0 %) Transportation ( 40.7 %) Travel ( 16.4 %)

Remaining ( 7.5 %)

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 14.4 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.103)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

15

10

5

0

−5

0 −1

5 −1

0

100.0 10.8 5.2 24.0 10.2 18.1 25.8 5.7 0.2

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.062)

Top partner

−2

5

2.2 17.0 12.4 -8.9 4.0 5.1 0.7 16.4 115.5

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −2

6.9 9.4 5.9 8.0 7.6 8.0 4.9 3.6 11.2

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

40

7.6 7.6 -1.0 19.7 3.2 2.0 19.8 2.5 -15.7

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

23 815.8 4 301.4 2 061.4 1 206.3 3 944.2 1 193.4 6 967.8 4 039.3 102.0

2014 share

0%

2014

20

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 25.8, 24.0 and 18.1 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Spain, France and China, accounting for respectively 13.4, 12.9 and 7.1 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2013 at 3.3 bln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 1.7 bln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 1.3 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2002 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 2709 Petroleum oils, crude..................................................................................................... 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 1001 Wheat and meslin......................................................................................................... 8544 Insulated (including enamelled or anodised) wire, cable............................................. 2503 Sulphur of all kinds........................................................................................................ 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 1005 Maize (corn)................................................................................................................... 2701 Coal; briquettes, ovoids and similar solid fuels manufactured from coal....................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

44 789.8 4 607.9 4 352.0 2 338.8 1 609.0 1 399.8 609.6 827.4 604.9 636.2 540.3

Source: UN Comtrade

45 186.4 4 533.4 4 320.7 2 274.8 1 502.5 977.9 788.6 522.4 600.4 484.2 437.1

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

46 191.7 US$/kg 4 271.4 0.9 0.9 0.9 US$/kg 3 374.2 0.8 0.7 0.7 US$/kg 2 291.9 0.8 0.7 0.7 1 647.4 18.2 18.4 19.3 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 1 514.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 US$/kg 1 059.6 14.7 16.7 16.1 US$/kg 699.8 0.2 0.1 0.2 US$/kg 448.2 6.7 7.8 7.4 US$/kg 506.6 0.3 0.3 0.2 US$/kg 591.6 0.1 0.1 0.1

SITC code 334 333 343 781 041 773 274 784 044 321

267

Mozambique Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Mozambique decreased substantially by 32.4 percent to reach 3.2 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased moderately by 9.6 percent to reach 7.9 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 4.7 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Sub-Saharan Africa at -1.9 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Mozambique were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 11 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 12 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Mozambique increased substantially by 12.3 percent, reaching 724.8 mln US$, while its imports of services decreased moderately by 6.3 percent and reached 3.7 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services deficit of 2.9 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

12 10 8 6 4 2 0 −2 −4 −6 −8 −10 −12

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

5

Imports

Trade Balance

4 3 2 1

(na)

0 (na)

−1 −2 −3 −4

Exports Profile: "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 37.4, 30.4 and 18.5 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Aluminium bars, rods and profiles" (HS code 7604) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were the Netherlands, South Africa and India, accounting for respectively 26.9, 20.4 and 11.8 percent of total exports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 432.5 mln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 206.6 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 59.6 mln US$ (see graph 3).

14

15 20

13

20

12

20

10

09

08

11

20

20

20

20

07

20

05

06

20

20

04

20

03

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−5

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Transportation ( 59.7 %)

Travel ( 28.5 %) Remaining ( 3.6 %) Other business ( 8.2 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 7604 Aluminium bars, rods and profiles................................................................................ 2704 Coke and semi-coke of coal, of lignite or of peat......................................................... 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 2716 Electrical energy............................................................................................................ 2401 Unmanufactured tobacco; tobacco refuse.................................................................... 7601 Unwrought aluminium................................................................................................... 3802 Activated carbon; activated natural mineral products.................................................. 1701 Cane or beet sugar and chemically pure sucrose, in solid form................................... 2614 Titanium ores and concentrates.................................................................................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude...................................................................................

268

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

4 023.7 1 063.2 526.6 445.4 275.5 257.3 ... 52.5 185.7 126.6 97.3

4 725.3 1 045.7 484.1 568.7 301.2 258.0 366.6 442.4 81.7 134.3 64.0

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

3 196.1 1.2 910.9 13.3 387.3 0.3 0.2 0.1 231.1 2.2 316.9 27.7 36.8 60.8 292.6 4.4 4.4 4.3 143.3 1.8 2.0 ... 118.3 0.6 0.6 0.4 110.1 0.1 0.3 29.8 1.5 0.3 0.8

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/MWh US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

SITC code 684 325 343 351 121 684 598 061 287 334

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Mozambique Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-32.4 -4.9 -40.1 -31.6 -96.7 -23.2 -17.0 -21.1 -78.5

100.0 18.5 9.3 30.4 0.5 37.4 2.7 1.3 0.0

7 907.6 840.1 223.8 1 026.7 808.7 1 568.7 3 002.7 436.9 0.0

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Other business ( 57.4 %)

Transportation ( 22.3 %)

Remaining ( 7.1 %)

Travel ( 6.9 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.142)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

0%

1

0.5

0

.5 −0

−1

.5 −1

−2

.5

100.0 10.6 2.8 13.0 10.2 19.8 38.0 5.5 0.0

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.125)

Top partner

−2

-9.6 -10.3 -26.6 -39.7 12.6 -12.3 6.9 -9.5 48.2

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −3

5.8 7.2 1.6 -8.9 13.5 2.9 13.0 15.6 ...

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

40

-3.0 -4.2 -8.5 13.4 6.4 -7.7 -19.4 9.6 -47.3

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

3 196.1 590.3 297.0 970.9 15.9 1 194.9 86.6 40.5 0.0

2015 share

10

2015

1.5

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 38.0, 19.8 and 13.0 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were South Africa, China and Bahrain, accounting for respectively 32.0, 8.7 and 6.7 percent of total imports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 2.1 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 815.4 mln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 252.8 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Construction ( 6.3 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 7601 Unwrought aluminium................................................................................................... 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 9027 Instruments and apparatus for physical or chemical analysis...................................... 2716 Electrical energy............................................................................................................ 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 1006 Rice................................................................................................................................ 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 8902 Fishing vessels; factory ships and other vessels for processing.................................. 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport...............

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

10 099.1 2 063.1 488.2 331.7 973.5 292.4 570.3 248.7 136.9 0.0 178.0

Source: UN Comtrade

8 743.1 1 350.2 529.0 348.3 6.2 269.7 39.4 187.4 143.6 0.0 184.9

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

7 907.6 US$/kg 713.1 1.1 1.0 0.7 469.8 324.9 3.1 thsd US$/unit 6.5 thsd US$/MWh 245.0 0.0 US$/kg 27.0 2.0 1.0 US$/kg 152.4 0.1 0.2 US$/kg 277.1 24.2 17.6 24.4 527.1 161.3

SITC code 334 684 782 874 351 343 042 542 793 781

269

Namibia Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of Namibia decreased moderately by 5.6 percent to reach 6.0 bln US$, while its merchandise imports increased substantially by 12.6 percent to reach 8.5 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a moderate deficit of 2.5 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Sub-Saharan Africa at -2.7 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Namibia were diversified amongst partners; imports were highly concentrated. The top 12 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 8 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2013, the value of exports of services of Namibia decreased substantially by 15.9 percent, reaching 570.3 mln US$, while its imports of services increased substantially by 15.2 percent and reached 804.8 mln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services deficit of 234.5 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Mln US$ by year) Exports

10

Imports

Trade Balance

8

800

6

600

4

400

2

(na)

Exports

1000

Imports

Trade Balance

200

(na) (na)

0

15

14

12

13

20

20

10

09

11

20

20

20

07

08

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

03

20

02 20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

08

−1000 07

−10 06

−800

05

−600

−8

04

−6

03

−400

02

−4

Exports Profile: "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 37.0, 22.7 and 19.3 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Diamonds, whether or not worked, but not mounted or set" (HS code 7102) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were South Africa, Botswana and Switzerland, accounting for respectively 19.2, 12.6 and 8.4 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2013 at 409.8 mln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 112.3 mln US$ (see graph 3).

(na) (na)

−200

20

(na)

−2

20

0

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013) Travel ( 71.9 %)

Remaining ( 8.5 %)

Transportation ( 19.7 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 7102 Diamonds, whether or not worked, but not mounted or set......................................... 2612 Uranium or thorium ores and concentrates................................................................... 0303 Fish, frozen, excluding fish fillets and other fish meat of heading 03.04..................... 8905 Light-vessels, fire-floats, dredgers, floating cranes and other vessels........................ 7901 Unwrought zinc.............................................................................................................. 2603 Copper ores and concentrates....................................................................................... 7403 Refined copper and copper alloys, unwrought.............................................................. 0304 Fish fillets and other fish meat (whether or not minced).............................................. 2203 Beer made from malt..................................................................................................... 8904 Tugs and pusher craft....................................................................................................

270

Source: UN Comtrade

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

5 377.0 1 344.2 613.0 444.0 7.9 272.0 176.6 91.5 197.4 159.1 76.9

6 337.2 1 338.6 639.1 498.5 612.3 274.1 215.0 194.1 168.4 148.9 278.5

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

5 983.8 1 433.2 US$/kg 417.0 100.9 88.1 79.4 US$/kg 413.2 1.7 1.6 1.4 thsd US$/unit 542.8 17.1 US$/kg 301.4 2.0 2.2 2.4 US$/kg 227.4 4.3 4.3 4.7 US$/kg 317.2 8.7 12.0 7.2 US$/kg 167.7 4.2 4.0 4.1 100.4 1.3 1.0 1.0 US$/litre mln US$/unit 0.0 7.7

SITC code 667 286 034 793 686 283 682 034 112 793

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Namibia Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

-5.6 -14.6 -21.0 23.5 5.8 13.2 -10.8 -20.7 4.1

100.0 19.3 15.0 1.5 0.7 37.0 22.7 2.2 1.7

8 531.0 942.4 353.2 537.2 653.8 1 590.7 3 677.6 766.1 10.0

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013) Other business ( 27.8 %) Transportation ( 42.5 %)

Travel ( 15.8 %) Remaining ( 7.1 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.083)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

2

1

0

−1

−2

−3

−4

100.0 11.0 4.1 6.3 7.7 18.6 43.1 9.0 0.1

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.325)

Top partner

−5

12.6 -1.1 -40.0 -28.3 3.7 9.8 47.2 9.7 50.8

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −6

9.3 2.4 26.4 -0.5 0.7 8.0 17.6 2.5 -5.0

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

40

0.6 -5.5 -3.5 4.1 -5.5 3.5 38.1 -36.6 -5.1

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

5 983.8 1 153.1 894.7 87.1 41.3 2 215.1 1 359.2 131.5 101.8

2014 share

0%

2014

3

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 43.1, 18.6 and 11.0 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were South Africa, Switzerland and China, accounting for respectively 62.1, 4.3 and 3.7 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2013 at 342.3 mln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 223.6 mln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 127.3 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Construction ( 6.8 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 7102 Diamonds, whether or not worked, but not mounted or set......................................... 2603 Copper ores and concentrates....................................................................................... 8905 Light-vessels, fire-floats, dredgers, floating cranes and other vessels........................ 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 7403 Refined copper and copper alloys, unwrought.............................................................. 8429 Self-propelled bulldozers, angledozers, graders, levellers, scrapers........................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 8906 Other vessels, including warships and lifeboats other than rowing boats..................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

7 132.0 816.2 423.6 368.8 348.4 16.2 172.8 92.3 69.0 128.3 9.2

Source: UN Comtrade

7 574.5 715.9 379.9 407.3 478.7 334.0 259.2 156.3 140.7 115.9 0.1

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

SITC code

8 531.0 US$/kg 334 489.0 1.0 0.9 1.7 18.7 17.8 thsd US$/unit 781 377.9 667 345.5 US$/kg 283 236.2 2.5 2.3 2.0 US$/unit 793 600.2 267.0 782 404.3 US$/kg 682 251.4 8.3 10.0 7.4 thsd US$/unit 723 164.3 60.2 US$/kg 542 116.6 24.6 31.1 25.5 793 331.4

271

Nepal Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Nepal decreased substantially by 26.7 percent to reach 660.2 mln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 12.9 percent to reach 6.6 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 6.0 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Southern Asia at -3.6 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Nepal were highly concentrated amongst partners; imports were also highly concentrated. The top 4 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 4 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Nepal increased substantially by 15.1 percent, reaching 1.4 bln US$, while its imports of services increased substantially by 19.9 percent and reached 1.2 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a relatively small trade in services surplus of 188.4 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

8

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

1.5

6

Imports

Trade Balance

1

4 0.5

2 (na)

(na) (na) (na) (na) (na)

(na)

0

0 (na)

(na) (na) (na) (na) (na)

(na)

−2

−0.5

−4 −1

−6 −8

Exports Profile: "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 47.2, 26.7 and 16.6 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Carpets and other textile floor coverings, knotted, whether or not made up" (HS code 5701) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were India, the United States and Germany, accounting for respectively 65.2, 8.8 and 3.8 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 477.6 mln US$, followed by "Government services, n.i.e." (EBOPS code 291) at 283.3 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 215.4 mln US$ (see graph 3).

14

15 20

13

20

12

20

10

09

08

07

11

20

20

20

20

20

05

06

20

20

04

20

03

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−1.5

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 20.8 %)

Other business ( 15.8 %)

Travel ( 35.1 %)

Remaining ( 28.3 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 5701 Carpets and other textile floor coverings, knotted, whether or not made up............... 5509 Yarn (other than sewing thread) of synthetic staple fibres.......................................... 5407 Woven fabrics of synthetic filament yarn..................................................................... 7210 Flat-rolled products of iron or non-alloy steel............................................................... 2009 Fruit juices (including grape must) and vegetable juices.............................................. 6305 Sacks and bags, of a kind used for the packing of goods............................................. 0908 Nutmeg, mace and cardamoms..................................................................................... 7306 Other tubes, pipes and hollow profiles......................................................................... 0802 Other nuts, fresh or dried, whether or not shelled or peeled....................................... 6204 Women's or girls'suits, ensembles, jackets, blazers, dresses, skirts...........................

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

863.3 71.8 60.7 59.2 66.7 44.8 32.9 19.2 31.8 18.3 21.8

900.9 73.6 67.7 56.7 54.9 43.3 34.1 32.9 36.3 36.9 24.9

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

660.2 63.6 73.7 118.7 113.7 50.7 2.3 2.3 2.1 35.3 23.5 0.9 1.0 0.9 36.2 0.8 0.7 0.7 29.1 42.9 8.8 9.3 14.2 19.5 0.7 0.7 0.6 17.1 1.8 1.8 2.1 20.0 3.1 3.3 3.4

US$/m2 US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/unit

SITC code 659 651 653 674 059 658 075 679 057 842

*Merchandise trade data up to 2009 reported by fiscal year and beginning 2010 reported by calendar year.

272

Source: UN Comtrade

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Nepal Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-7.6 1.6 -18.1 285.0 -8.9 -10.8 -11.4 -6.2 80.9

-26.7 -21.6 -51.3 -73.2 -28.2 -29.1 14.5 -19.7 -87.1

100.0 26.7 3.4 0.0 5.2 47.2 0.9 16.6 0.0

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

6 612.1 943.0 437.5 881.0 855.4 1 506.9 1 478.3 369.5 140.7

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.39)

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Travel ( 42.1 %)

Remaining ( 8.1 %)

Transportation ( 36.4 %)

Other business ( 13.5 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.419)

Top partner

25 th 10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

%

15 th

0%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

0%

0

.5 −0

−1

.5 −1

−2

.5 −2

−3

.5

Top partner

%

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −4

100.0 14.3 6.6 13.3 12.9 22.8 22.4 5.6 2.1

40

Exports

−3

-12.9 -6.1 -23.0 -41.2 3.7 -2.3 -0.9 -10.5 -43.5

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015)

Imports

.5

2.8 16.2 -4.7 -7.9 4.6 5.5 8.0 0.8 -14.9

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015)

−4

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

60

660.2 176.3 22.1 0.0 34.5 311.9 5.6 109.4 0.2

2015 share

10

2015

0.5

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 22.8, 22.4 and 14.3 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were India, China and the United Arab Emirates, accounting for respectively 63.2, 11.9 and 5.2 percent of total imports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 493.3 mln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 426.5 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 158.1 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 7207 Semi-finished products of iron or non-alloy steel......................................................... 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 1006 Rice................................................................................................................................ 1507 Soya-bean oil and its fractions...................................................................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 7208 Flat-rolled products of iron or non-alloy steel............................................................... 7106 Silver (including silver plated with gold or platinum)................................................... 2523 Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement.......................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

6 451.7 866.0 297.2 275.9 221.8 124.4 302.8 97.9 163.4 93.2 113.9

Source: UN Comtrade

7 590.1 1 081.3 296.2 248.9 284.0 215.4 140.3 181.9 149.2 132.2 104.7

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

6 612.1 US$/kg 606.2 1.7 5.1 1.6 US$/kg 235.7 0.5 0.5 0.4 140.7 47.5 40.1 36.4 thsd US$/kg US$/kg 148.3 1.2 1.0 0.7 US$/kg 213.8 0.3 0.4 0.3 US$/kg 104.4 1.0 1.0 0.9 186.8 US$/kg 133.3 0.5 0.6 0.5 US$/kg 197.7 697.6 608.1 532.2 US$/kg 89.8 0.1 0.1 0.1

SITC code 334 672 971 343 042 421 764 673 681 661

273

Netherlands Goods Imports: CIF, by origin/consignment for intra-eu

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of the Netherlands decreased substantially by 17.4 percent to reach 472.0 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 17.5 percent to reach 419.1 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small surplus of 52.9 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at 111.2 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in the Netherlands were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 21 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 20 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of the Netherlands increased moderately by 5.1 percent, reaching 188.3 bln US$, while its imports of services increased moderately by 9.6 percent and reached 166.1 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a relatively small trade in services surplus of 22.1 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

600 500 400 300 200 100 0 −100 −200 −300 −400 −500 −600

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

200

Imports

Trade Balance

150 100 50 (na)

0 (na)

−50 −100 −150

Exports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 28.0, 17.8 and 14.6 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Germany, Belgium and the United Kingdom, accounting for respectively 24.1, 10.9 and 8.6 percent of total exports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 49.3 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 41.3 bln US$ and "Computer and information services" (EBOPS code 262) at 38.9 bln US$ (see graph 3).

14

13

12

11

10

09

08

07

15 20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

06

20

04

05

20

20

02

03

20

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−200

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Transportation ( 22.0 %) Computer & information ( 20.6 %)

Other business ( 26.2 %)

Royalties & lic. fees ( 10.5 %)

Remaining ( 13.8 %)

Travel ( 6.9 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) Unit value 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2013 2014 2015 2013 2014 2015 Unit All Commodities............................................................................................................ 571 246.9 571 347.5 471 957.7 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 75 502.3 64 906.1 41 919.5 0.9 0.8 0.5 US$/kg 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 24 755.7 19 775.2 12 390.5 0.6 0.5 0.4 US$/kg 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 14 425.7 16 850.8 15 571.5 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 13 480.7 15 967.0 15 723.9 228.5 253.8 218.6 US$/kg 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 15 591.5 15 232.8 10 418.0 191.3 176.1 160.9 US$/unit 8443 Printing machinery used for printing by means of the printing type, blocks................ 9 958.8 9 936.3 8 439.6 8473 Parts and accessories for use with machines of heading 84.69 to 84.72.................... US$/kg 9 347.0 9 299.0 7 572.8 185.2 192.0 267.0 9018 Instruments and appliances used in medical, surgical, dental or veterinary............... 8 107.2 8 668.6 7 829.3 3002 Human blood; animal blood prepared for therapeutic uses.......................................... US$/kg 7 263.0 7 665.6 6 938.1 426.0 923.4 821.5 8486 Machines and apparatus used for the manufacture of semiconductor devices........... 6 861.2 7 920.1 6 596.4 HS code

274

Source: UN Comtrade

SITC code 334 343 764 542 752 726 759 872 541 728

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Netherlands Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-17.4 -16.5 -18.0 -35.2 -14.4 -18.1 -13.7 -10.5 138.7

100.0 14.6 5.5 13.2 17.8 8.6 28.0 10.8 1.4

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

419 077.2 45 660.2 19 833.2 66 208.3 55 668.3 39 154.9 128 302.8 52 906.9 11 342.7

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

(% share in 2014) Computer & information ( 20.3 %)

Other business ( 25.8 %)

Remaining ( 9.1 %)

Royalties & lic. fees ( 18.0 %)

Transportation ( 14.4 %)

Travel ( 12.3 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.087)

Top partner

25 th 10

80

60

40

20

20

40

0%

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

%

15 th

0%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

0%

0

0

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category

35

0

30

0

25

0

20

0

15

50

10

0

0

00

50

00

−5

−1

−1

50

100.0 10.9 4.7 15.8 13.3 9.3 30.6 12.6 2.7

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.066)

Top partner

−2

-17.5 -12.8 -16.2 -38.3 -10.9 -18.9 -11.7 -7.3 -3.0

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −2

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

-4.0 -2.1 -8.0 -10.7 -1.9 -6.8 -2.6 -0.9 47.5

%

-2.9 -2.4 -6.8 -3.8 -1.2 -5.0 -3.8 0.0 14.0

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

471 957.7 69 137.8 25 884.9 62 476.9 84 131.1 40 586.1 132 192.6 50 956.9 6 591.4

2015 share

80

2015

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 30.6, 15.8 and 13.3 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude" (HS code 2709) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Germany, Belgium and China, accounting for respectively 16.7, 9.7 and 8.9 percent of total imports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 42.9 bln US$, followed by "Computer and information services" (EBOPS code 262) at 33.7 bln US$ and "Royalties and license fees" (EBOPS code 266) at 30.0 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) Unit value 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2013 2014 2015 2013 2014 2015 Unit All Commodities............................................................................................................ 506 162.3 508 032.9 419 077.2 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 52 164.0 46 622.3 25 234.0 0.8 0.8 0.4 US$/kg 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 50 573.8 40 159.1 26 029.4 0.9 0.8 0.5 US$/kg 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 17 873.7 18 752.2 19 730.7 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 17 645.4 18 101.6 12 081.8 172.1 166.0 158.4 US$/unit 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 12 897.9 12 396.6 10 046.4 1.9 0.6 0.4 US$/kg 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 12 142.0 11 241.7 11 172.7 163.1 140.0 148.5 US$/kg 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 11 015.3 11 562.0 9 507.4 18.7 18.5 16.4 thsd US$/unit 8443 Printing machinery used for printing by means of the printing type, blocks................ 8 740.8 8 405.6 8 204.9 8473 Parts and accessories for use with machines of heading 84.69 to 84.72.................... US$/kg 8 477.1 8 360.6 7 464.0 190.5 184.0 221.9 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 263.2 10 881.2 10 463.8 HS code

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Source: UN Comtrade

SITC code 333 334 764 752 343 542 781 726 759 931

275

New Caledonia Goods Imports: CIF, by consignment

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of New Caledonia increased substantially by 30.8 percent to reach 1.6 bln US$, while its merchandise imports increased slightly by 2.4 percent to reach 3.3 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 1.7 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at -899.5 mln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in New Caledonia were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 7 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 11 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2011, the value of exports of services of New Caledonia increased slightly by 2.3 percent, reaching 497.7 mln US$, while its imports of services decreased slightly by 1.2 percent and reached 1.4 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services deficit of 876.0 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

4

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

1.5

3

Imports

Trade Balance

1

2 0.5

1 (na)

(na) (na) (na) (na)

0

0 (na)

−1

(na) (na) (na) (na)

−0.5

−2 −1

−3 −4

Exports Profile: "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6), "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 53.3, 32.2 and 9.1 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Ferro-alloys" (HS code 7202) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Japan, France and China, accounting for respectively 15.2, 14.7 and 14.0 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2011 at 146.8 mln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 132.7 mln US$ and "Government services, n.i.e." (EBOPS code 291) at 106.9 mln US$ (see graph 3).

14

15 20

13

20

12

20

10

09

11

20

20

20

07

08

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

03

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−1.5

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2011)

Transportation ( 26.7 %)

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 21.5 %)

Travel ( 29.5 %)

Remaining ( 6.8 %)

Other business ( 15.6 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 7202 Ferro-alloys.................................................................................................................... 7501 Nickel mattes, nickel oxide sinters and other intermediate products.......................... 2604 Nickel ores and concentrates........................................................................................ 2825 Hydrazine and hydroxylamine and their inorganic salts............................................... 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 0306 Crustaceans, whether in shell or not............................................................................ 7204 Ferrous waste and scrap; remelting scrap ingots of iron or steel................................ 2836 Carbonates; peroxocarbonates (percarbonates)........................................................... 8609 Containers (including containers for the transport of fluids)........................................ 3301 Essential oils (terpeneless or not), including concretes................................................

276

Source: UN Comtrade

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

1 292.9 674.4 202.8 243.4 79.3 18.0 12.3 3.3 1.2 3.0 3.2

1 237.4 546.0 259.1 195.3 88.0 18.5 14.5 14.3 13.2 6.3 4.2

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

1 619.0 853.2 3.6 3.2 3.8 246.1 10.4 9.1 11.4 264.8 0.1 0.0 0.0 130.4 3.8 23.4 15.9 15.1 16.7 16.6 6.7 0.6 0.6 1.8 9.1 9.3 8.8 9.1 3.4 5.0 453.2 637.2 620.7

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

SITC code 671 284 284 522 931 036 282 523 786 551

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

New Caledonia Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

30.8 3.9 7.7 -80.9 36.2 56.5 -28.1 -7.3 21.5

100.0 1.6 32.2 0.0 9.1 53.3 1.8 0.4 1.5

3 315.2 436.7 76.9 869.9 261.5 376.6 930.6 320.9 42.1

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2011)

Other business ( 46.6 %)

Remaining ( 11.1 %)

Transportation ( 30.0 %)

Travel ( 12.3 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.116)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

0%

0.6

0.4

0

0.2

.2

.4

.6

−0

−0

.8

−0

−1

−0

.2

.4

100.0 13.2 2.3 26.2 7.9 11.4 28.1 9.7 1.3

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.107)

Top partner

−1

2.4 1.8 8.4 2.3 -6.2 9.0 9.1 1.5 -54.7

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −1

0.1 5.1 11.3 13.4 0.6 -2.1 0.2 1.6 -45.6

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

40

6.3 4.8 0.3 -56.9 117.8 5.8 15.1 -13.9 51.1

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

1 619.0 26.4 521.9 0.0 147.8 863.4 28.8 6.9 23.7

2014 share

10

2014

0.8

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 28.1, 26.2 and 13.2 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were France, Singapore and Australia, accounting for respectively 22.6, 18.5 and 9.6 percent of total imports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2011 at 640.6 mln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 412.4 mln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 168.5 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 2701 Coal; briquettes, ovoids and similar solid fuels manufactured from coal.................... 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 8429 Self-propelled bulldozers, angledozers, graders, levellers, scrapers........................... 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 4011 New pneumatic tyres, of rubber.................................................................................... 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05....................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

3 245.0 641.3 185.1 188.1 76.5 79.3 64.6 36.3 34.1 32.9 31.1

Source: UN Comtrade

3 237.0 742.9 166.1 92.8 74.8 70.3 43.5 22.7 35.4 36.0 32.2

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

SITC code

3 315.2 US$/kg 334 762.7 0.9 0.8 0.8 169.5 19.4 18.9 19.4 thsd US$/unit 781 931 41.9 US$/kg 542 75.0 63.1 60.9 54.2 US$/kg 321 63.4 0.2 0.1 0.1 782 83.8 thsd US$/unit 723 77.9 51.0 752 35.6 625 34.7 US$/kg 784 34.9 21.1 22.2 20.6

277

New Zealand Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of New Zealand decreased substantially by 17.9 percent to reach 34.2 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 14.5 percent to reach 36.3 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small deficit of 2.2 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at -2.9 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in New Zealand were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 19 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 15 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of New Zealand increased moderately by 6.9 percent, reaching 14.3 bln US$, while its imports of services increased slightly by 4.1 percent and reached 13.0 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a relatively small trade in services surplus of 1.3 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

50

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

15

Imports

Trade Balance

40 10

30 20

5

10

(na)

0

0

(na)

−10 −5

−20 −30

−10

−40

Exports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 57.3, 12.3 and 7.5 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Milk and cream, concentrated or containing added sugar" (HS code 0402) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were China, Australia and the United States, accounting for respectively 19.5, 17.9 and 9.8 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 8.4 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 2.1 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 1.6 bln US$ (see graph 3).

14

15 20

13

20

12

20

10

09

08

11

20

20

20

20

07

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

03

20

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

02

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−15

−50

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 58.8 %)

Transportation ( 14.7 %)

Other business ( 11.1 %) Remaining ( 15.4 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 0402 Milk and cream, concentrated or containing added sugar........................................... 0204 Meat of sheep or goats, fresh, chilled or frozen........................................................... 0405 Butter and other fats and oils derived from milk; dairy spreads................................... 0202 Meat of bovine animals, frozen..................................................................................... 4403 Wood in the rough, whether or not stripped of bark or sapwood................................ 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 0406 Cheese and curd............................................................................................................ 2204 Wine of fresh grapes, including fortified wines........................................................... 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 0810 Other fruit, fresh............................................................................................................

278

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

39 443.6 7 142.5 2 240.1 1 824.7 1 508.7 1 931.3 1 325.8 1 156.1 1 030.3 1 176.4 692.2

41 635.6 7 647.9 2 494.4 2 149.8 1 825.1 1 890.5 1 482.1 1 280.8 1 123.5 1 128.6 869.4

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

34 166.8 4 439.2 4.2 4.2 2.4 2 135.7 5.4 6.0 5.1 1 629.1 3.8 4.0 3.1 2 044.4 4.3 4.7 4.8 1 388.7 116.3 113.9 90.2 1 083.0 1 158.7 4.0 4.4 3.4 1 071.2 5.9 5.8 5.0 506.9 0.8 0.8 0.4 1 034.9 1.9 2.2 2.0

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/m3 US$/kg US$/litre US$/kg US$/kg

SITC code 022 012 023 011 247 931 024 112 333 057

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

New Zealand Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-2.4 -0.5 -1.5 -24.7 3.7 -6.7 -4.5 0.0 -6.9

-17.9 -19.1 -16.9 -52.4 -8.5 -15.8 -3.9 -8.7 -22.7

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

100.0 57.3 12.3 1.8 5.6 7.5 7.2 4.1 4.1

36 333.7 3 960.9 941.5 3 614.8 3 976.7 4 033.6 14 352.8 5 187.4 266.1

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.082)

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category Transportation ( 25.2 %)

Travel ( 31.5 %)

Remaining ( 5.3 %) Computer & information ( 5.1 %)

Other business ( 20.2 %)

Royalties & lic. fees ( 7.3 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.084)

Top partner

25 th 10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

%

15 th

0%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

8

6

4

2

0

−2

−4

−6

Top partner

%

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −8

100.0 10.9 2.6 9.9 10.9 11.1 39.5 14.3 0.7

40

Exports

(% share in 2014)

-14.5 -10.4 -2.0 -43.3 -10.0 -10.0 -11.0 -4.3 -10.7

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015)

Imports

0

0.2 1.8 -1.0 -12.7 -1.2 -0.6 4.9 2.2 -3.1

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015)

−1

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

60

34 166.8 19 592.4 4 208.2 626.7 1 913.4 2 554.6 2 462.2 1 393.0 1 416.3

2015 share

0%

2015

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 39.5, 14.3 and 11.1 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude" (HS code 2709) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were China, Australia and the United States, accounting for respectively 17.8, 12.5 and 10.9 percent of total imports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 4.1 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 3.3 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 2.6 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Insurance ( 5.4 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 8802 Other aircraft (for example, helicopters, aeroplanes); spacecraft................................ 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 8411 Turbo-jets, turbo-propellers and other gas turbines..................................................... 2106 Food preparations not elsewhere specified or included...............................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

39 619.2 4 399.5 3 067.5 2 169.2 837.5 446.2 989.7 922.8 646.7 379.0 338.1

Source: UN Comtrade

42 497.7 3 966.8 3 387.7 2 303.6 1 185.8 1 331.5 970.3 926.5 653.3 451.8 379.5

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

SITC code

36 333.7 US$/kg 333 2 213.5 0.9 0.8 0.4 3 002.0 14.5 12.9 11.4 thsd US$/unit 781 US$/kg 334 1 317.2 1.1 1.1 0.7 1 013.2 28.8 32.4 24.5 thsd US$/unit 782 1 101.2 2.6 2.0 5.3 mln US$/unit 792 752 898.8 764 981.6 US$/kg 542 588.5 38.7 36.8 714 506.4 US$/kg 098 388.9 8.5 7.8 7.6

279

Nicaragua Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of Nicaragua increased moderately by 8.3 percent to reach 5.0 bln US$, while its merchandise imports increased slightly by 4.5 percent to reach 5.7 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small deficit of 772.9 mln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed North America at 1.7 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Nicaragua were highly concentrated amongst partners; imports were diversified. The top 6 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 11 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Nicaragua increased slightly by 2.1 percent, reaching 746.9 mln US$, while its imports of services increased substantially by 10.9 percent and reached 1.0 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services deficit of 289.1 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year)

Exports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) and "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 42.7, 28.6 and 11.7 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Insulated (including enamelled or anodised) wire, cable" (HS code 8544) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were the United States, Mexico and the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, accounting for respectively 46.6, 12.1 and 8.6 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 445.4 mln US$, followed by "Communications services" (EBOPS code 245) at 157.9 mln US$ and "Government services, n.i.e." (EBOPS code 291) at 86.2 mln US$ (see graph 3).

Trade Balance

15

14

20

13

20

11

12

20

20

09

10

20

20

08

20

07

20

05

06

20

20

20

04

(na)

03

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

(na)

Imports

(na)

20

(na)

Exports

1.2 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 −0.2 −0.4 −0.6 −0.8 −1 −1.2 02

Trade Balance

20

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 −1 −2 −3 −4 −5 −6 −7

Imports

20

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 59.6 %)

Communication ( 21.1 %)

Remaining ( 1.9 %) Transportation ( 5.8 %)

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 11.5 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 8544 Insulated (including enamelled or anodised) wire, cable............................................. 0901 Coffee, whether or not roasted or decaffeinated......................................................... 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 0202 Meat of bovine animals, frozen..................................................................................... 6206 Women's or girls'blouses, shirts and shirt-blouses...................................................... 6104 Women's or girls'suits, ensembles, jackets, blazers, dresses, skirts........................... 0306 Crustaceans, whether in shell or not............................................................................ 6109 T-shirts, singlets and other vests, knitted or crocheted................................................ 1701 Cane or beet sugar and chemically pure sucrose, in solid form................................... 6203 Men's or boys'suits, ensembles, jackets, blazers, trousers..........................................

280

Source: UN Comtrade

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

4 550.6 451.0 525.5 432.0 368.0 300.2 291.5 175.4 127.4 195.0 146.8

4 594.1 572.8 352.9 436.6 288.9 309.6 398.2 225.5 142.3 186.8 149.0

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

4 973.5 US$/kg 562.1 14.2 15.2 15.7 US$/kg 399.5 4.2 3.6 3.5 387.0 31.9 29.6 27.0 thsd US$/kg US$/kg 330.3 4.2 4.2 4.7 277.1 64.0 US$/kg 261.5 6.2 7.2 7.7 373.9 7.3 7.3 5.5 US$/unit US$/kg 207.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 127.9

SITC code 773 071 971 011 842 844 036 845 061 841

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Nicaragua Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

8.3 15.3 18.6 -21.2 -3.3 -7.9 -2.0 9.5 -11.3

100.0 42.7 6.3 0.3 0.7 1.8 11.7 28.6 7.8

5 746.4 840.5 176.9 1 008.9 947.4 832.7 1 378.5 556.4 5.2

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 22.9 %) Transportation ( 42.4 %)

Other business ( 17.3 %) Remaining ( 8.5 %)

Insurance ( 8.9 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.264)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

0%

2

2.5

1

1.5

0

0.5

.5

−1

−0

.5

−2

−1

.5

100.0 14.6 3.1 17.6 16.5 14.5 24.0 9.7 0.1

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.085)

Top partner

−2

4.5 0.4 2.9 -2.5 1.7 1.5 14.0 13.7 -1.4

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −3

8.2 9.6 6.3 2.6 5.8 11.8 10.8 12.3 -2.3

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

40

28.1 12.4 20.3 -8.9 7.4 30.0 153.6 132.4 14.9

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

4 973.5 2 123.6 312.1 15.6 35.3 91.1 584.0 1 423.6 388.2

2014 share

10

2014

3

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 24.0, 17.6 and 16.5 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the United States, China and Curaçao, accounting for respectively 17.0, 12.0 and 10.0 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 439.7 mln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 236.8 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 179.2 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 3808 Insecticides, rodenticides, fungicides, herbicides........................................................ 3923 Articles for the conveyance or packing of goods, of plastics....................................... 2106 Food preparations not elsewhere specified or included............................................... 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons......................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

6 029.7 960.4 440.5 299.4 131.1 118.2 124.4 87.6 78.8 60.1 55.9

Source: UN Comtrade

5 498.8 457.0 505.5 298.8 150.2 99.1 118.2 94.2 78.0 65.2 62.0

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

5 746.4 US$/kg 429.8 0.9 1.0 1.0 US$/kg 508.1 0.8 0.8 0.7 US$/kg 311.3 28.9 27.2 23.5 157.0 158.5 116.2 16.1 15.0 14.7 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 93.1 4.9 5.1 4.9 US$/kg 84.4 2.5 2.3 2.3 US$/kg 70.0 6.1 6.6 6.2 US$/kg 66.4 0.8 0.8 0.9

SITC code 334 333 542 782 764 781 591 893 098 343

281

Niger Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of the Niger decreased substantially by 21.5 percent to reach 1.0 bln US$, while its merchandise imports increased substantially by 25.5 percent to reach 2.2 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 1.1 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Eastern Asia at -440.1 mln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in the Niger were moderately concentrated amongst partners; imports were diversified. The top 6 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 14 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2013, the value of exports of services of the Niger increased substantially by 53.4 percent, reaching 115.2 mln US$, while its imports of services increased substantially by 16.1 percent and reached 958.7 mln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services deficit of 843.5 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Mln US$ by year) Exports

2.5

Imports

Trade Balance

2

800

1.5

600

1

400

0.5

(na)

Exports

1000

Imports

Trade Balance

200

(na) (na)

0

15

14

12

11

10

09

13

20

20

20

20

20

07

08

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

03

20

02 20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

08

−1000 07

−2.5 06

−800

05

−600

−2

04

−1.5

03

−400

02

−1

Exports Profile: "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 49.3, 27.0 and 9.5 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Uranium or thorium ores and concentrates" (HS code 2612) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were France, Nigeria and Burkina Faso, accounting for respectively 36.8, 12.9 and 11.2 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2013 at 87.8 mln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 7.3 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 7.2 mln US$ (see graph 3).

(na) (na)

−200

20

(na)

−0.5

20

0

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013) Travel ( 76.2 %)

Remaining ( 11.2 %)

Transportation ( 6.4 %) Other business ( 6.2 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2612 Uranium or thorium ores and concentrates................................................................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 6309 Worn clothing and other worn articles......................................................................... 9015 Surveying (including photogrammetrical surveying), hydrographic.............................. 0703 Onions, shallots, garlic, leeks and other alliaceous vegetables................................... 1006 Rice................................................................................................................................ 5208 Woven fabrics of cotton, containing 85 % or more by weight of cotton...................... 1701 Cane or beet sugar and chemically pure sucrose, in solid form................................... 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)...................................................................

282

Source: UN Comtrade

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

1 379.8 ... 230.3 749.1 71.9 0.7 48.9 30.8 30.0 36.5 ...

1 337.2 659.4 383.9 ... 20.3 21.1 16.0 22.7 16.9 8.6 54.9

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

1 049.7 US$/kg 478.2 140.8 116.7 US$/kg 271.8 1.1 1.0 1.0 27.1 US$/kg 14.9 1.8 1.2 0.8 68.4 US$/kg 13.4 0.6 0.2 0.2 US$/kg 23.4 0.7 0.6 0.6 US$/kg 15.0 25.6 34.9 26.7 US$/kg 10.3 0.8 0.6 0.6 thsd US$/kg ... 48.5

SITC code 286 334 931 269 874 054 042 652 061 971

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Niger Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

-21.5 13.1 -25.7 -29.7 -93.6 -11.4 23.5 194.3 -50.7

100.0 9.5 49.3 27.0 0.1 1.6 3.0 6.8 2.6

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

2 151.1 459.5 128.4 78.1 194.3 306.8 800.7 183.3

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

(% share in 2013) Transportation ( 68.6 %)

Communication ( 7.2 %) Remaining ( 3.7 %) Travel ( 6.6 %)

Construction ( 7.1 %)

Top partner

0% 10

80

60

40

20

20

80

%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

0%

15 th

%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

0%

5 th

0

0

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.188)

5 th

50

0

40

0

30

0

20

0

10

00

00

00

00

00

−1

−2

−3

−4

00

100.0 21.4 6.0 3.6 9.0 14.3 37.2 8.5

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.091)

Top partner

−5

25.5 -9.0 0.4 2.9 15.3 8.3 74.4 94.1

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −6

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Mln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014) Imports

-1.4 10.1 7.0 -27.6 8.2 -14.2 1.6 11.8

%

21.7 4.4 19.3 148.1 10.3 5.1 -4.4 101.3 -22.3

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8

40

1 049.7 99.9 518.0 283.7 1.5 16.8 31.7 71.0 27.1

2014 share

60

2014

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 37.2, 21.4 and 14.3 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Rice" (HS code 1006) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were China, France and the United States, accounting for respectively 22.5, 12.3 and 5.9 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2013 at 657.5 mln US$, followed by "Communications services" (EBOPS code 245) at 69.4 mln US$ and "Construction services" (EBOPS code 249) at 68.0 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Other business ( 6.8 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 1006 Rice................................................................................................................................ 2523 Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement....................................................... 8431 Parts suitable for use principally with the machinery of headings 84.25..................... 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 8803 Parts of goods of heading 88.01 or 88.02..................................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 1511 Palm oil and its fractions............................................................................................... 2402 Cigars, cheroots, cigarillos and cigarettes.................................................................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude...................................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

1 687.5 169.1 66.2 71.7 89.0 42.6 5.7 44.5 42.3 41.3 36.9

Source: UN Comtrade

1 714.1 195.6 81.5 64.6 42.3 53.2 20.5 53.5 44.5 51.1 52.4

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

2 151.1 160.5 0.5 0.5 106.2 0.2 0.2 89.9 29.9 37.7 47.8 66.9 16.8 14.8 131.7 893.3 557.2 57.4 7.9 14.9 57.4 0.8 0.9 48.4 9.6 10.5 45.4 1.2 1.4

0.4 0.2 27.3

16.6

18.7 14.1 0.9 8.0 1.2

SITC code

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

042 661 723 782 thsd US$/unit 781 US$/kg 792 US$/kg 542 US$/kg 422 US$/kg 122 US$/kg 334

283

Nigeria Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of Nigeria increased substantially by 13.6 percent to reach 102.9 bln US$, while its merchandise imports increased slightly by 4.3 percent to reach 46.5 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large surplus of 56.3 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at 26.1 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Nigeria were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 14 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 17 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Nigeria increased substantially by 15.9 percent, reaching 2.8 bln US$, while its imports of services increased substantially by 11.3 percent and reached 24.3 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services deficit of 21.5 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

150

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

25

Imports

Trade Balance

20 100

15 10

50 (na) (na)

(na)

0

5

(na)

0 (na) (na)

(na)

−50

(na)

−5 −10 −15

−100

−20 −150

Exports Profile: "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 90.9, 2.8 and 2.0 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude" (HS code 2709) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were India, the United States and the Netherlands, accounting for respectively 12.6, 10.6 and 8.9 percent of total exports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 1.4 bln US$, followed by "Government services, n.i.e." (EBOPS code 291) at 588.0 mln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 552.0 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

12

13

20

20

10

09

08

07

11

20

20

20

20

20

05

06

20

20

04

20

02

03

20

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−25

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Transportation ( 50.0 %)

Remaining ( 2.9 %) Other business ( 5.9 %)

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 21.2 %)

Travel ( 19.9 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 Value (million US$) Unit value 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 2012 2013 2014 2012 2013 2014 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 143 151.2 90 554.5 102 878.5 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 99 054.5 74 953.8 75 033.4 0.8 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 8 968.5 1 963.7 12 178.8 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 12 279.1 2 426.1 6 257.1 4001 Natural rubber, balata, gutta-percha, guayule, chicle.................................................. 10 067.7 2 427.3 94.1 25.0 2.6 1801 Cocoa beans, whole or broken, raw or roasted............................................................ 3 033.0 1 542.7 627.0 8.4 8905 Light-vessels, fire-floats, dredgers, floating cranes and other vessels........................ 603.7 403.2 1 552.7 1207 Other oil seeds and oleaginous fruits, whether or not broken..................................... 497.6 867.4 556.5 2.1 4.8 3606 Ferro-cerium and other pyrophoric alloys in all forms.................................................. 4.1 3.7 ... 1 898.9 5.3 4113 Leather further prepared after tanning or crusting....................................................... 686.1 413.1 526.9 20.7 10.2 37.5 0401 Milk and cream, not concentrated nor containing added sugar................................... 1 076.7 0.5 0.0 1.4 1.0 HS code

284

Source: UN Comtrade

Unit US$/kg

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

SITC code 333 343 334 231 072 793 222 899 611 022

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Nigeria Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

13.6 -62.8 -72.8 17.8 -56.2 5.3 247.1 244.0 -96.2

100.0 1.3 1.0 90.9 0.1 1.8 2.8 2.0 0.0

46 532.3 7 347.7 1 127.6 7 584.6 5 797.1 6 865.8 16 237.8 1 555.0 16.7

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance

1.3 14.7 10.0 90.1 5.0 -7.4 -7.5 -9.7 14.0

Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 21.7 %)

Transportation ( 36.0 %)

Remaining ( 3.9 %) Financial ( 5.1 %)

Other business ( 19.9 %)

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 7.1 %) Computer & information ( 6.3 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.065)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

0%

5 th

10

40

35

30

25

15

20

5

10

0

−5

100.0 15.8 2.4 16.3 12.5 14.8 34.9 3.3 0.0

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.081)

Top partner

0 −1 5 −1 0

4.3 -3.2 -37.2 -15.6 6.5 13.9 22.3 6.6 54.9

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −2

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

%

4.4 -11.8 -20.0 5.5 -26.8 -17.1 30.1 30.7 -57.9

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

40

102 878.5 1 361.3 1 058.8 93 469.5 151.8 1 864.0 2 925.8 2 043.8 3.5

2014 share

60

2014

45

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 34.9, 16.3 and 15.8 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were China, the United States and India, accounting for respectively 21.7, 10.7 and 6.1 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 8.7 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 5.3 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 4.8 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 1001 Wheat and meslin......................................................................................................... 0303 Fish, frozen, excluding fish fillets and other fish meat of heading 03.04..................... 1701 Cane or beet sugar and chemically pure sucrose, in solid form................................... 1006 Rice................................................................................................................................ 8711 Motorcycles (including mopeds) and cycles fitted with an auxiliary motor................. 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 8502 Electric generating sets and rotary converters.............................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

35 872.5 534.0 3 607.0 1 491.3 1 231.0 948.4 1 920.2 670.4 1 078.9 947.5 420.8

Source: UN Comtrade

44 598.2 8 598.6 1 071.6 1 294.9 970.3 873.3 38.0 636.2 598.3 633.5 552.9

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

46 532.3 US$/kg 7 103.4 3.5 10.6 1 822.4 20.2 18.7 21.8 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 1 740.4 0.8 0.7 US$/kg 899.3 2.9 2.9 US$/kg 853.6 0.8 0.6 0.6 US$/kg 679.3 4.0 1.9 0.9 2.0 thsd US$/unit 1 047.6 558.4 590.1 649.0

SITC code 334 781 041 034 061 042 785 782 764 716

285

Norway, including Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Norway decreased substantially by 26.1 percent to reach 106.3 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 13.7 percent to reach 77.0 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a moderate surplus of 29.3 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at 37.6 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Norway were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 11 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 17 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Norway increased substantially by 12.1 percent, reaching 47.5 bln US$, while its imports of services increased slightly by 4.4 percent and reached 54.2 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a relatively small trade in services deficit of 6.7 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year)

Exports Profile: "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 58.0, 11.7 and 9.2 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude" (HS code 2709) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were the United Kingdom, Germany and the Netherlands, accounting for respectively 22.9, 17.2 and 11.5 percent of total exports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 22.2 bln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 13.9 bln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 5.7 bln US$ (see graph 3).

14

15 20

13

20

12

20

10

09

08

07

11

20

20

20

20

20

06

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−200

20

−150

05

−100

Trade Balance

(na)

20

−50

Imports

(na)

04

0

20

50

03

100

20

150

Exports

60 50 40 30 20 10 0 −10 −20 −30 −40 −50 −60 02

Trade Balance

20

200

Imports

20

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Transportation ( 46.6 %)

Other business ( 29.3 %)

Travel ( 11.9 %) Remaining ( 12.2 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) Unit value 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2013 2014 2015 2013 2014 2015 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 155 350.6 143 791.3 106 251.1 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 49 721.2 45 527.1 25 692.2 0.8 0.7 0.4 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 46 100.8 39 044.6 30 273.0 0.5 0.4 0.3 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8 418.3 7 511.3 5 045.7 0.9 0.8 0.5 0302 Fish, fresh or chilled, excluding fish fillets.................................................................... 5 991.1 6 003.0 5 208.5 5.6 5.0 4.1 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 4 995.9 4 670.0 4 213.8 7601 Unwrought aluminium................................................................................................... 2 972.9 3 185.6 2 673.6 2.4 2.4 2.2 0304 Fish fillets and other fish meat (whether or not minced).............................................. 1 526.4 1 727.6 1 453.3 6.0 6.4 6.1 0303 Fish, frozen, excluding fish fillets and other fish meat of heading 03.04..................... 1 656.2 1 763.8 1 284.9 2.1 2.1 1.9 7502 Unwrought nickel........................................................................................................... 1 378.3 1 450.2 1 175.7 15.4 16.8 12.4 8431 Parts suitable for use principally with the machinery of headings 84.25..................... 1 368.3 1 241.7 1 121.7 38.0 38.6 36.2 HS code

286

Source: UN Comtrade

Unit US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

SITC code 333 343 334 034 931 684 034 034 683 723

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Norway, including Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-26.1 -15.2 -19.8 -33.7 -9.0 -13.5 -9.1 -11.4 -9.9

100.0 9.2 1.9 58.0 3.3 8.6 11.7 3.3 4.1

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

76 979.3 6 298.7 4 969.7 3 330.3 7 035.6 10 975.3 31 153.8 12 255.1 960.9

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.058)

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Other business ( 27.9 %)

Travel ( 34.8 %) Transportation ( 23.2 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.104)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

80

60

40

20

0

0 −2

0

Top partner

−4

0

100.0 8.2 6.5 4.3 9.1 14.3 40.5 15.9 1.2

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −6

-13.7 -13.4 -14.6 -29.4 -13.6 -19.5 -10.9 -9.5 -9.1

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

-4.0 -0.6 -9.9 -12.9 -4.2 -4.9 -2.7 -1.7 -7.5

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

40

-9.8 -0.4 -3.6 -13.3 -6.5 -7.7 -0.1 -1.3 -7.1

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

106 251.1 9 735.3 2 013.2 61 671.6 3 498.1 9 119.8 12 407.7 3 463.2 4 342.2

2015 share

0%

2015

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 40.5, 15.9 and 14.3 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport" (HS code 8703) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Sweden, Germany and China, accounting for respectively 12.4, 11.9 and 9.7 percent of total imports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 18.9 bln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 15.1 bln US$ and "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 12.6 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Remaining ( 14.2 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 7501 Nickel mattes, nickel oxide sinters and other intermediate products.......................... 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 9403 Other furniture and parts thereof.................................................................................. 7308 Structures (excluding prefabricated buildings of heading 94.06)................................. 8431 Parts suitable for use principally with the machinery of headings 84.25.....................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

89 807.2 5 682.6 3 680.0 1 925.2 1 846.3 1 787.0 1 402.9 1 431.8 1 254.9 1 120.1 1 111.9

Source: UN Comtrade

89 170.0 5 547.2 2 854.1 1 885.9 1 859.8 1 742.5 1 529.2 1 304.0 1 296.7 1 255.6 1 127.1

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

SITC code

76 979.3 4 956.8 28.3 28.6 24.6 thsd US$/unit 781 US$/kg 334 2 191.0 0.9 0.9 0.5 764 1 707.8 US$/kg 284 1 326.6 10.3 11.5 8.4 752 1 391.6 249.4 303.1 289.4 US$/unit US$/kg 542 1 307.5 136.2 136.3 104.3 1 102.6 51.9 49.9 38.6 thsd US$/unit 782 821 1 109.3 US$/kg 691 1 177.3 3.8 4.4 3.8 US$/kg 723 978.6 14.1 15.8 15.7

287

Oman Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of Oman decreased moderately by 8.6 percent to reach 50.7 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 14.6 percent to reach 29.3 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a moderate surplus of 21.4 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Eastern Asia at 31.0 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Oman were moderately concentrated amongst partners; imports were diversified. The top 6 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 14 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2013, the value of exports of services of Oman increased substantially by 11.5 percent, reaching 2.9 bln US$, while its imports of services increased substantially by 14.4 percent and reached 10.0 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services deficit of 7.1 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year)

Exports Profile: "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3), "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 83.5, 6.6 and 4.7 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude" (HS code 2709) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Areas nes, China and the Republic of Korea, accounting for respectively 46.2, 15.7 and 6.6 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2013 at 1.2 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 1.2 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 342.9 mln US$ (see graph 3).

Trade Balance

14

15 20

13

20

12

20

10

09

11

20

20

20

07

08

20

20

05

06

20

20

20

04

(na) (na)

03

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

(na)

Imports

(na) (na)

20

(na)

Exports

12 10 8 6 4 2 0 −2 −4 −6 −8 −10 −12 02

Trade Balance

20

60 50 40 30 20 10 0 −10 −20 −30 −40 −50 −60

Imports

20

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013)

Transportation ( 40.7 %)

Travel ( 42.4 %)

Remaining ( 5.0 %)

Other business ( 11.9 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 2601 Iron ores and concentrates, including roasted iron pyrites........................................... 3102 Mineral or chemical fertilisers, nitrogenous................................................................. 2902 Cyclic hydrocarbons....................................................................................................... 7601 Unwrought aluminium................................................................................................... 2905 Acyclic alcohols and their derivatives........................................................................... 7203 Ferrous products obtained by direct reduction of iron ore............................................

288

Source: UN Comtrade

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

52 138.2 30 676.6 4 215.5 4 411.2 4 011.1 816.7 990.6 948.2 733.2 620.3 438.0

55 497.1 32 087.1 4 369.1 4 959.8 4 543.6 1 259.6 905.9 380.2 691.2 609.4 619.1

50 718.3 34 834.5 5 311.1 2 217.3 1.5 619.5 657.5 959.9 770.5 615.8 390.5

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

1.0

0.5 1.1

0.5 0.3 1.1 1.5

0.2 0.2 0.5 1.0

0.7

0.3

0.8 3.0 0.9

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

0.2 0.4 1.4 2.5 0.4 0.4

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

SITC code 333 343 334 931 281 562 511 684 512 671

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Oman Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

8.5 4.7 29.2 14.4 7.3 18.9 -13.8 -17.4 -83.6

-8.6 -18.6 -40.5 2.1 6.3 2.3 -45.7 -30.2 -99.9

100.0 2.0 2.0 83.5 6.6 4.7 0.9 0.3 0.0

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

29 303.1 3 359.1 1 809.5 1 806.8 2 993.7 5 322.8 11 724.7 2 068.5 218.0

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance

10.3 10.7 27.4 5.6 14.5 13.0 7.3 16.4 -14.2

Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013)

Transportation ( 43.8 %)

Remaining ( 0.9 %) Insurance ( 8.8 %)

Other business ( 32.7 %)

Travel ( 13.9 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.232)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

0%

5 th

10

30

25

20

15

10

5

0

−5

0

100.0 11.5 6.2 6.2 10.2 18.2 40.0 7.1 0.7

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.135)

Top partner

%

Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −1

-14.6 14.9 -13.1 -76.4 0.7 4.0 1.8 12.7 -10.8

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014)

Imports

5

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014)

−1

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

40

50 718.3 1 006.5 1 036.1 42 367.7 3 329.1 2 390.9 441.1 142.6 4.2

2014 share

60

2014

35

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 40.0, 18.2 and 11.5 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the United Arab Emirates, Areas nes and Japan, accounting for respectively 28.5, 10.6 and 8.1 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2013 at 4.4 bln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 3.3 bln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 1.4 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 2601 Iron ores and concentrates, including roasted iron pyrites........................................... 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 7304 Tubes, pipes and hollow profiles, seamless, of iron (other than cast iron).................. 2917 Polycarboxylic acids, their anhydrides.......................................................................... 8431 Parts suitable for use principally with the machinery of headings 84.25..................... 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

28 117.6 2 027.9 ... 6 496.6 1 034.9 ... 701.3 374.2 463.6 ... 387.7

Source: UN Comtrade

34 331.2 7 184.3 3 885.0 17.3 1 235.9 781.5 527.6 467.9 441.6 653.3 376.4

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

29 303.1 US$/kg 1 547.1 1.5 1.0 1.1 28.5 27.5 thsd US$/unit 4 392.2 10.1 US$/kg 938.8 0.5 0.2 0.2 836.2 US$/kg 291.6 1.8 2.0 2.0 US$/kg 486.1 1.2 1.2 1.0 US$/kg 367.9 10.0 10.4 9.6 US$/kg 562.2 15.2 16.3 427.8

SITC code 334 781 931 281 782 679 513 723 784 764

289

Pakistan Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Pakistan decreased substantially by 10.7 percent to reach 22.1 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased moderately by 7.5 percent to reach 44.0 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 21.9 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Eastern Asia at -9.7 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Pakistan were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 24 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 17 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Pakistan increased substantially by 17.3 percent, reaching 5.8 bln US$, while its imports of services increased slightly by 3.5 percent and reached 8.1 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services deficit of 2.4 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year)

14

15 20

13

20

12

20

11

20

09

10

20

20

07

08

20

20

05

06

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

(na)

20

−10

(na)

04

−50

Trade Balance

(na)

03

−8

Imports

(na)

02

−6

−40

15

−30

14

−4

13

−20

12

−2

11

−10

10

0

09

0

08

2

07

4

10

06

20

05

6

04

30

03

8

02

40

Exports Profile: "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6), "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 43.0, 27.7 and 19.3 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Bed linen, table linen, toilet linen and kitchen linen" (HS code 6302) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were the United States, China and Afghanistan, accounting for respectively 15.4, 9.5 and 7.8 percent of total exports. "Government services, n.i.e." (EBOPS code 291) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 2.3 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 1.3 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 845.3 mln US$ (see graph 3).

Exports

10

20

Trade Balance

20

50

Imports

20

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Transportation ( 23.3 %)

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 39.3 %) Other business ( 14.7 %) Communication ( 7.5 %)

Remaining ( 8.7 %)

Computer & information ( 6.5 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 6302 Bed linen, table linen, toilet linen and kitchen linen.................................................... 1006 Rice................................................................................................................................ 5205 Cotton yarn (other than sewing thread), containing 85 % or more.............................. 5209 Woven fabrics of cotton, containing 85 % or more by weight of cotton...................... 6203 Men's or boys'suits, ensembles, jackets, blazers, trousers.......................................... 6204 Women's or girls'suits, ensembles, jackets, blazers, dresses, skirts........................... 5208 Woven fabrics of cotton, containing 85 % or more by weight of cotton...................... 4203 Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, of leather.............................................. 6105 Men's or boys'shirts, knitted or crocheted.................................................................... 2523 Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement.......................................................

290

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

25 120.9 2 852.5 2 111.0 2 205.4 1 210.2 969.6 691.2 746.7 696.6 506.5 529.7

24 722.2 3 026.7 2 199.6 1 871.6 1 059.3 1 084.5 698.8 730.7 703.5 565.6 516.9

22 089.0 2 908.1 1 927.2 1 529.8 1 006.2 1 173.4 781.2 627.9 640.9 518.9 345.2

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

5.9 0.5 3.1

5.9 0.6 2.9

5.7 0.5 3.0

8.6 8.9 6.6 6.0 6.0 6.7 6.7 6.4 10.0

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/unit US$/unit US$/kg

4.0 0.1

4.3 4.1 0.1 0.1

US$/unit US$/kg

SITC code 658 042 651 652 841 842 652 848 843 661

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Pakistan Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-10.7 -5.1 -31.5 -59.1 -17.4 -12.0 -24.0 -1.6 237.0

100.0 19.3 3.3 1.2 4.0 43.0 1.5 27.7 0.0

43 989.6 2 750.7 5 664.1 10 030.2 7 425.0 5 956.8 10 515.5 1 581.3 66.1

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance

0.2 8.5 -1.8 -9.4 1.2 6.9 8.4 6.9 -20.9

Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Transportation ( 49.0 %)

Other business ( 17.8 %)

Travel ( 15.0 %)

Remaining ( 12.4 %)

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 5.8 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.058)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

0%

5 th

10

6

4

2

0

−2

−4

−6

−8

0

2

−1

4

100.0 6.3 12.9 22.8 16.9 13.5 23.9 3.6 0.2

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.097)

Top partner

−1

-7.5 1.5 -2.7 -32.3 1.8 7.8 10.6 -13.4 92.0

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −1

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

%

-3.4 -2.4 -11.3 -32.9 -4.7 -2.7 -7.0 0.3 94.6

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

40

22 089.0 4 255.5 738.5 265.1 882.0 9 489.8 331.8 6 121.4 4.8

2015 share

60

2015

8

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 23.9, 22.8 and 16.9 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were China, the United Arab Emirates and Saudi Arabia, accounting for respectively 20.1, 15.2 and 8.3 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 4.0 bln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 1.4 bln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 1.2 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 1511 Palm oil and its fractions............................................................................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 7204 Ferrous waste and scrap; remelting scrap ingots of iron or steel................................ 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 8908 Vessels and other floating structures for breaking up.................................................. 5201 Cotton, not carded or combed....................................................................................... 3901 Polymers of ethylene, in primary forms......................................................................... 3902 Polymers of propylene or of other olefins, in primary forms.........................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

43 775.2 9 258.0 5 473.3 1 842.9 1 161.2 662.2 689.4 962.8 757.3 456.0 476.1

Source: UN Comtrade

47 544.9 8 558.1 5 609.1 1 943.6 1 353.8 908.4 703.3 581.1 521.6 572.2 586.3

43 989.6 5 898.3 3 022.9 1 653.4 1 192.2 1 024.7 891.5 474.8 543.7 600.8 533.4

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

0.8 0.8 0.8

0.7 0.8 0.8

0.6 0.6 0.7

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

0.4

0.4 0.3

US$/kg

6.6 2.0 1.5 1.6

2.2 1.6 1.6

4.7 mln US$/unit US$/kg 2.0 US$/kg 1.5 US$/kg 1.4

SITC code 334 333 422 764 282 781 793 263 571 575

291

Panama Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Panama decreased substantially by 15.0 percent to reach 695.7 mln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 11.5 percent to reach 12.1 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 11.4 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed North America at -3.1 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Panama were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 17 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 13 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Panama increased substantially by 30.2 percent, reaching 12.7 bln US$, while its imports of services decreased slightly by 2.1 percent and reached 4.6 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services surplus of 8.1 bln US$. See footnote*.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

25

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

15

Imports

Trade Balance

20 10

15 10

5

5

(na)

0

0

(na)

−5 −5

−10 −15

−10

−20

Exports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 66.7, 17.9 and 8.8 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Bananas, including plantains, fresh or dried" (HS code 0803) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were the United States, Germany and China, accounting for respectively 19.4, 9.7 and 6.9 percent of total exports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 5.4 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 3.7 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 2.4 bln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

12

13

20

20

10

09

11

20

20

20

07

08

20

20

05

06

20

20

04

20

03

20

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

13

20

20

20

20

08

07

06

05

04

03

02

09

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−15

−25

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Travel ( 29.3 %) Transportation ( 42.3 %)

Remaining ( 9.5 %)

Other business ( 18.9 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 0803 Bananas, including plantains, fresh or dried................................................................. 0306 Crustaceans, whether in shell or not............................................................................ 0302 Fish, fresh or chilled, excluding fish fillets.................................................................... 7204 Ferrous waste and scrap; remelting scrap ingots of iron or steel................................ 2301 Flours, meals and pellets, of meat or meat offal.......................................................... 0804 Dates, figs, pineapples, avocados and mangosteens, fresh or dried........................... 4403 Wood in the rough, whether or not stripped of bark or sapwood................................ 1701 Cane or beet sugar and chemically pure sucrose, in solid form................................... 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 2208 Alcohol of a strength by volume of less than 80 % vol................................................

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

843.9 95.6 75.3 47.2 45.9 28.4 44.1 28.7 24.0 66.5 25.2

818.2 97.9 80.9 54.2 45.7 41.0 31.9 28.2 27.7 1.1 20.9

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

695.7 99.8 0.4 0.4 68.7 8.1 6.9 51.9 2.8 2.8 28.1 0.1 0.2 28.7 1.0 1.0 21.8 0.5 0.5 30.0 20.1 0.5 0.5 ... 33.3 23.7 2.4 19.5

0.4 5.8 3.0 0.1 1.1 0.5 0.6

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

US$/kg thsd US$/kg 2.6 US$/litre

SITC code 057 036 034 282 081 057 247 061 971 112

*From 2004 to 2011 merchandise data including Zona Libre de Colon.

292

Source: UN Comtrade

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Panama Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-15.0 -10.7 -26.0 -46.4 -15.0 -19.8 -7.3 -30.5

100.0 66.7 17.9 0.1 3.8 8.8 2.1 0.5

12 129.0 1 579.8 120.7 1 656.4 1 356.3 1 861.3 3 673.2 1 859.2 22.2

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Transportation ( 45.6 %)

Travel ( 20.3 %)

Other business ( 15.7 %) Remaining ( 9.9 %)

Financial ( 8.5 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.077)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

0%

0

.5 −0

−1

.5 −1

−2

.5 −2

100.0 13.0 1.0 13.7 11.2 15.3 30.3 15.3 0.2

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.113)

Top partner

−3

.5

-11.5 1.8 -8.6 -40.9 8.8 -13.5 -6.9 0.3 12.0

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −3

-13.6 0.5 -3.2 62.1 -31.3 -7.3 -9.3 -24.7 -12.7

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

40

-53.2 -12.1 -5.0 -13.2 -74.0 -50.3 -76.0 -60.0

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

695.7 464.2 124.8 0.7 26.3 61.0 14.9 3.7

2015 share

10

2015

0.5

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 30.3, 15.3 and 15.3 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the United States, Free zones and China, accounting for respectively 25.1, 16.8 and 8.5 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 2.1 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 938.8 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 724.4 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 7308 Structures (excluding prefabricated buildings of heading 94.06)................................. 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 7214 Other bars and rods of iron or non-alloy steel.............................................................. 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 9403 Other furniture and parts thereof.................................................................................. 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 6402 Other footwear with outer soles and uppers of rubber or plastics...............................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

13 024.0 2 530.7 794.2 336.1 179.7 206.3 192.3 180.4 138.5 185.5 120.4

Source: UN Comtrade

13 705.3 2 639.2 840.2 289.6 454.3 206.9 186.4 169.2 149.4 121.6 120.0

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

12 129.0 US$/kg 1 539.9 1.0 1.0 0.6 921.3 18.4 18.0 19.2 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 400.2 39.1 30.5 48.6 US$/kg 312.5 3.6 4.6 3.4 194.2 US$/kg 126.6 0.7 0.6 0.5 128.0 144.6 123.6 128.5 9.9 10.4 10.9 US$/pair

SITC code 334 781 542 691 764 676 752 821 782 851

293

Papua New Guinea Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by consignment

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2012, the value of merchandise exports of Papua New Guinea decreased substantially by 17.9 percent to reach 4.5 bln US$, while its merchandise imports increased substantially by 36.6 percent to reach 8.3 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a moderate deficit of 3.8 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG South-eastern Asia at -1.8 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Papua New Guinea were moderately concentrated amongst partners; imports were also moderately concentrated. The top 9 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 8 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Papua New Guinea decreased substantially by 49.9 percent, reaching 209.4 mln US$, while its imports of services decreased substantially by 41.2 percent and reached 2.3 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services deficit of 2.1 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

10

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

4

8

Imports

Trade Balance

3

6

2

4

1

2

(na) (na) (na) (na) (na) (na)

(na) (na) (na)

(na)

0

0 (na) (na) (na) (na) (na) (na)

−2

(na) (na) (na)

(na)

−1

−4

Exports Profile: "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2012, representing respectively 41.3, 33.6 and 13.5 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2010 to 2012, the largest export commodity was "Base metals, silver or gold, clad with platinum" (HS code 7111) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Australia, Japan and Germany, accounting for respectively 39.7, 9.1 and 6.6 percent of total exports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 122.7 mln US$, followed by "Government services, n.i.e." (EBOPS code 291) at 32.7 mln US$ and "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 19.7 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

13

20

12

20

10

11

20

20

08

09

20

20

07

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

05

−4 04

−10 03

−3

02

−8

03

−2

−6

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Other business ( 58.6 %)

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 15.6 %)

Transportation ( 9.4 %) Remaining ( 16.4 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2010 to 2012 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 7111 Base metals, silver or gold, clad with platinum............................................................ 1511 Palm oil and its fractions............................................................................................... 2603 Copper ores and concentrates....................................................................................... 0901 Coffee, whether or not roasted or decaffeinated......................................................... 2616 Precious metal ores and concentrates.......................................................................... 4403 Wood in the rough, whether or not stripped of bark or sapwood................................ 1513 Coconut (copra), palm kernel or babassu oil................................................................. 2707 Oils and other products of high temperature coal tar................................................... 1801 Cocoa beans, whole or broken, raw or roasted............................................................ 1604 Prepared or preserved fish; caviar.................................................................................

294

Source: UN Comtrade

2010

Value (million US$) 2011 2012

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

5 499.3 2 291.9 629.0 444.6 404.2 298.2 209.5 165.5 175.9 147.8 80.0

4 517.7 1 493.4 506.7 406.2 254.1 320.5 240.5 81.3 57.2 83.9 102.9

Unit value 2010 2011 2012 Unit

301.8 302.4 thsd US$/kg

0.9

34.2 31.4 31.6 1.3 17.4 84.4 90.7

1.1 1.3

5.1

5.3

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg thsd US$/kg US$/m3 US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

SITC code 681 422 283 071 289 247 422 335 072 037

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Papua New Guinea Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2008-2012 2011-2012

-17.9 -19.6 -2.1 -36.8 476.2 -34.6 -32.4 -11.6 -53.6

100.0 13.5 41.3 2.9 4.9 33.6 3.0 0.3 0.5

8 340.7 860.4 114.8 1 445.9 484.4 1 229.7 3 538.3 551.0 116.1

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

100.0 10.3 1.4 17.3 5.8 14.7 42.4 6.6 1.4

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.16)

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Transportation ( 23.2 %)

Other business ( 38.7 %) Construction ( 21.9 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.164)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

2 2.5

1 1.5

0 0.5

−1 −0 .5

−2 −1 .5

Top partner

−3 −2 .5

36.6 27.4 54.5 165.1 23.6 6.5 34.7 15.1 -26.7

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2012) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −4 −3 .5

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2012 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2012) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2008-2012 2011-2012

2012

40

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

4 517.7 607.9 1 866.4 132.1 219.6 1 519.4 135.6 13.2 23.4

2012 share

0%

2012

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2012, representing respectively 42.4, 17.3 and 14.7 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2010 to 2012, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Australia, Singapore and China, accounting for respectively 36.5, 12.9 and 7.0 percent of total imports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 884.8 mln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 529.5 mln US$ and "Construction services" (EBOPS code 249) at 501.7 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Remaining ( 16.2 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2010 to 2012 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 8431 Parts suitable for use principally with the machinery of headings 84.25..................... 1006 Rice................................................................................................................................ 7308 Structures (excluding prefabricated buildings of heading 94.06)................................. 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 8481 Taps, cocks, valves and similar appliances for pipes, boiler shells.............................. 8702 Motor vehicles for the transport of ten or more persons, including the driver............ 8414 Air or vacuum pumps, air or other gas compressors and fans......................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2010

Source: UN Comtrade

Value (million US$) 2011 2012

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

6 105.5 465.0 65.7 211.3 214.1 126.1 106.1 158.3 59.9 96.8 18.5

8 340.7 561.1 846.0 288.5 240.0 218.0 193.5 116.1 186.5 149.5 219.5

Unit value 2010 2011 2012 Unit

0.8

SITC code

334 333 782 723 042 691 931 747 thsd US$/unit 783 743

US$/kg 33.9 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 12.9 US$/kg 7.1

30.4

295

Paraguay Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Paraguay decreased substantially by 13.2 percent to reach 8.4 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 15.4 percent to reach 10.3 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a moderate deficit of 1.9 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Eastern Asia at -2.7 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Paraguay were diversified amongst partners; imports were moderately concentrated. The top 16 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 8 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Paraguay increased moderately by 5.9 percent, reaching 891.6 mln US$, while its imports of services increased slightly by 4.1 percent and reached 1.1 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services deficit of 222.3 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Imports

Trade Balance

(na)

14

15 20

13

20

12

20

10

09

08

07

11

20

20

20

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

03

20

20

02

(na)

20

15

14

Exports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4) and "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 35.9, 28.2 and 25.4 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Electrical energy" (HS code 2716) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Brazil, the Russian Federation and Argentina, accounting for respectively 30.8, 10.0 and 7.3 percent of total exports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 388.4 mln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 288.2 mln US$ and "Government services, n.i.e." (EBOPS code 291) at 166.5 mln US$ (see graph 3).

Exports

1.2 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 −0.2 −0.4 −0.6 −0.8 −1 −1.2

20

12

11

10

13

20

20

20

20

09

08

07

06

Trade Balance

20

20

20

20

04

03

Imports

20

20

20

20

20

02

14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 −2 −4 −6 −8 −10 −12 −14

05

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Transportation ( 43.6 %)

Travel ( 32.3 %)

Remaining ( 5.4 %)

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 18.7 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2716 Electrical energy............................................................................................................ 1201 Soya beans, whether or not broken.............................................................................. 2304 Oil-cake and other solid residues.................................................................................. 0202 Meat of bovine animals, frozen..................................................................................... 1507 Soya-bean oil and its fractions...................................................................................... 1005 Maize (corn)................................................................................................................... 0201 Meat of bovine animals, fresh or chilled...................................................................... 4104 Tanned or crust hides and skins of bovine (including buffalo)...................................... 1006 Rice................................................................................................................................ 1001 Wheat and meslin.........................................................................................................

296

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

9 456.3 2 245.2 2 509.1 923.0 771.5 467.5 463.7 233.2 153.2 165.4 146.1

9 635.7 2 143.7 2 305.1 1 107.4 831.1 481.1 356.9 453.8 195.3 177.6 79.4

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

8 361.2 2 069.2 65.6 59.5 54.1 1 594.2 0.5 0.5 0.3 904.7 0.5 0.5 0.4 659.3 4.1 4.3 3.7 445.2 0.9 0.8 0.6 441.2 462.6 5.3 5.5 5.0 150.0 3.1 3.7 2.9 129.8 0.4 0.4 0.3 152.9 0.3 0.2 0.2

US$/MWh US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

SITC code 351 222 081 011 421 044 011 611 042 041

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Paraguay Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

1.9 11.4 -5.1 -1.8 1.9 4.9 49.4 -0.6 52.6

-13.2 -9.3 -26.4 -2.9 -21.5 -10.8 26.4 -16.7 44.5

100.0 35.9 28.2 25.4 1.8 3.9 2.4 2.0 0.5

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

10 291.2 865.3 152.4 1 409.1 1 910.9 1 418.1 3 591.5 942.4 1.5

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance

-4.5 -0.3 1.3 -3.8 1.9 -1.7 -8.2 -8.8 9.7

100.0 8.4 1.5 13.7 18.6 13.8 34.9 9.2 0.0

Trade balance

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.15)

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Transportation ( 62.8 %)

Travel ( 22.9 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.127)

Top partner

25 th 10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

%

15 th

0%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

4

3

2

1

0

−1

−2

Top partner

%

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania

40

Exports

−3

-15.4 -10.5 -7.6 -24.9 -4.8 -12.1 -17.9 -19.0 271.9

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015)

Imports

−4

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015)

−5

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

60

8 361.2 3 000.2 2 357.1 2 122.9 147.9 323.9 203.2 168.4 37.7

2015 share

0%

2015

5

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 34.9, 18.6 and 13.8 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Brazil, China and Argentina, accounting for respectively 26.5, 25.8 and 14.2 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 699.3 mln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 255.5 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Remaining ( 14.3 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 3105 Mineral or chemical fertilisers...................................................................................... 3808 Insecticides, rodenticides, fungicides, herbicides........................................................ 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 9504 Articles for funfair, table or parlour games, including pintables.................................. 4011 New pneumatic tyres, of rubber.................................................................................... 8528 Reception apparatus for television...............................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

12 142.0 1 639.1 783.3 489.6 421.7 310.5 361.9 252.3 253.1 211.5 210.3

Source: UN Comtrade

12 168.6 1 793.5 644.6 538.9 414.9 323.5 284.1 257.3 240.6 196.8 196.6

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

10 291.2 US$/kg 1 324.2 1.1 1.1 0.7 512.1 452.7 16.1 16.6 18.1 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 341.0 0.6 0.5 0.5 US$/kg 335.0 8.4 9.3 8.6 172.0 232.3 141.9 166.5 137.0

SITC code 334 764 781 562 591 752 782 894 625 761

297

Peru Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Peru decreased substantially by 13.6 percent to reach 33.2 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased moderately by 9.7 percent to reach 38.1 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small deficit of 4.9 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Latin America and the Caribbean at -3.4 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Peru were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 14 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 15 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2013, the value of exports of services of Peru increased substantially by 13.3 percent, reaching 5.8 bln US$, while its imports of services increased slightly by 3.1 percent and reached 7.6 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services deficit of 1.8 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

50

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

8

40

Imports

Trade Balance

6

30

4

20 10

2

0

0

−10

−2

(na) (na) (na) (na)

−20

Exports Profile: "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Not classified elsewhere in the SITC" (SITC section 9) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 33.6, 20.6 and 17.0 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Copper ores and concentrates" (HS code 2603) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were China, the United States and Switzerland, accounting for respectively 19.0, 16.7 and 7.3 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2013 at 3.0 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 1.5 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 482.5 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

13

20

11

10

09

08

07

12

20

20

20

20

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

05

−8 04

−50 03

−6

02

−40

03

−4

−30

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013)

Travel ( 51.8 %) Transportation ( 26.2 %)

Remaining ( 6.9 %)

Other business ( 8.3 %) Insurance ( 6.9 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2603 Copper ores and concentrates....................................................................................... 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 7403 Refined copper and copper alloys, unwrought.............................................................. 2301 Flours, meals and pellets, of meat or meat offal.......................................................... 2608 Zinc ores and concentrates........................................................................................... 2607 Lead ores and concentrates.......................................................................................... 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 0901 Coffee, whether or not roasted or decaffeinated......................................................... 2601 Iron ores and concentrates, including roasted iron pyrites...........................................

298

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

42 568.9 7 601.5 8 207.4 3 352.8 2 111.9 1 388.9 1 038.2 1 145.1 1 599.6 699.1 856.8

38 459.3 6 926.2 5 627.8 3 290.3 1 863.3 1 357.1 1 165.6 1 016.7 930.6 734.1 646.7

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

33 244.9 US$/kg 6 568.1 2.0 1.8 1.3 5 655.8 27.7 22.1 19.4 thsd US$/kg US$/kg 1 771.2 0.8 0.8 0.4 US$/kg 1 502.5 7.4 7.0 5.6 US$/kg 1 176.1 1.6 1.6 1.7 US$/kg 1 202.0 0.6 0.6 0.6 US$/kg 1 081.0 3.0 2.5 1.9 US$/kg 483.7 0.4 0.2 US$/kg 584.5 2.9 4.0 3.3 US$/kg 350.0 0.1 0.1 0.0

SITC code 283 971 334 682 081 287 287 343 071 281

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Peru Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-13.6 -5.2 -7.2 -49.3 -5.6 -21.8 -10.6 -20.8 0.5

100.0 20.6 33.6 7.3 3.4 12.7 1.3 4.1 17.0

38 104.6 3 702.9 1 254.8 3 934.0 5 859.1 6 257.4 13 704.0 3 383.3 9.2

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013) Travel ( 21.0 %)

Transportation ( 38.0 %)

Other business ( 17.6 %)

Insurance ( 10.6 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.093)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

8

6

4

2

0

−2

−4

−6

−8

0

2

100.0 9.7 3.3 10.3 15.4 16.4 36.0 8.9 0.0

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.108)

Top partner

−1

-9.7 -2.2 -18.5 -34.3 -3.3 -2.9 -8.2 -2.2 5685.5

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −1

0.1 3.4 -4.7 -9.8 1.7 1.1 1.0 7.3 9.8

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

40

-8.0 -1.0 -6.0 -16.2 -4.8 -8.8 3.1 -9.4 -13.6

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

33 244.9 6 852.5 11 160.9 2 411.1 1 136.6 4 230.9 446.0 1 350.9 5 656.1

2015 share

0%

2015

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 36.0, 16.4 and 15.4 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were China, the United States and Brazil, accounting for respectively 21.0, 20.6 and 5.1 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2013 at 2.9 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 1.6 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 1.3 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Remaining ( 12.9 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 8429 Self-propelled bulldozers, angledozers, graders, levellers, scrapers........................... 1001 Wheat and meslin......................................................................................................... 1005 Maize (corn)................................................................................................................... 8528 Reception apparatus for television...............................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

43 321.7 3 177.7 3 355.5 1 766.9 1 239.2 1 561.0 797.4 798.7 625.9 581.1 587.0

Source: UN Comtrade

42 193.6 2 861.1 3 017.6 1 764.7 1 661.7 863.0 791.9 714.7 609.4 567.7 595.3

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

SITC code

38 104.6 US$/kg 334 2 195.8 1.0 1.0 0.6 US$/kg 333 1 631.0 0.8 0.7 0.4 1 591.6 10.9 10.7 10.7 thsd US$/unit 781 764 1 626.9 746.7 31.6 29.5 27.3 thsd US$/unit 782 752 750.9 88.7 75.7 94.5 US$/unit 476.1 102.4 137.3 20.7 thsd US$/unit 723 US$/kg 041 533.9 0.3 0.3 0.3 US$/kg 044 576.0 0.3 0.2 0.2 761 530.2 185.3 171.6 114.6 US$/unit

299

Philippines Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of the Philippines decreased moderately by 5.1 percent to reach 58.6 bln US$, while its merchandise imports increased slightly by 3.6 percent to reach 70.2 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small deficit of 11.5 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG South-eastern Asia at -8.5 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in the Philippines were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 9 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 12 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of the Philippines increased substantially by 13.9 percent, reaching 24.7 bln US$, while its imports of services increased substantially by 34.1 percent and reached 19.6 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services surplus of 5.1 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

80

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

25

Imports

Trade Balance

20

60

15

40

10

20

5

0

0

−20

−5

(na) (na)

−10

−40

Exports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 64.6, 9.7 and 8.5 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Electronic integrated circuits and microassemblies" (HS code 8542) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Japan, the United States and China, accounting for respectively 21.6, 14.6 and 12.1 percent of total exports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 14.3 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 4.8 bln US$ and "Computer and information services" (EBOPS code 262) at 3.1 bln US$ (see graph 3).

14

15 20

13

20

12

20

10

09

08

11

20

20

20

20

07

20

05

06

20

20

04

20

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

04

−25 03

−80 02

−20

03

−15

−60

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Other business ( 58.0 %)

Travel ( 19.3 %)

Remaining ( 3.0 %) Transportation ( 7.1 %)

Computer & information ( 12.6 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2002 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 8542 Electronic integrated circuits and microassemblies..................................................... 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 4418 Builders' joinery and carpentry of wood....................................................................... 8541 Diodes, transistors and similar semiconductor devices................................................ 8544 Insulated (including enamelled or anodised) wire, cable............................................. 8473 Parts and accessories for use with machines of heading 84.69 to 84.72.................... 8504 Electrical transformers, static converters (for example, rectifiers)............................... 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 2604 Nickel ores and concentrates........................................................................................ 1513 Coconut (copra), palm kernel or babassu oil.................................................................

300

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

56 697.8 11 099.4 3 890.2 3 032.3 2 535.6 1 825.4 2 001.4 1 904.6 1 489.6 1 018.1 1 006.0

61 809.8 12 157.7 4 793.0 2 925.3 2 954.6 2 174.5 2 199.4 1 557.4 1 472.3 1 717.4 1 345.9

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

58 648.1 14 352.4 4 687.4 135.1 58.4 36.4 2 750.2 3.3 3.0 2.0 3 038.8 2 263.3 14.3 2.1 13.1 1 949.0 7.6 2.8 1 544.2 1 306.9 15.2 12.3 13.7 739.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 1 122.6 0.9 1.5 1.3

US$/unit US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

SITC code 776 752 635 776 773 759 771 784 284 422

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Philippines Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-5.1 -30.7 -29.6 -57.8 -25.3 -10.1 6.4 -5.4 54.8

100.0 5.7 6.6 1.3 2.8 8.5 64.6 9.7 0.8

70 153.5 7 467.6 1 656.6 8 292.0 7 112.9 7 519.6 34 355.6 3 522.7 226.5

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Travel ( 50.6 %)

Transportation ( 18.7 %)

Other business ( 18.0 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.103)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

15

10

5

0

−5

0 −1

5 −1

0

100.0 10.6 2.4 11.8 10.1 10.7 49.0 5.0 0.3

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.076)

Top partner

−2

5

3.6 -0.6 6.9 -39.0 -4.6 11.2 24.5 21.1 -34.6

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −2

2.4 6.2 -6.9 -10.3 1.3 6.7 17.5 12.8 -61.2

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

40

5.1 -0.9 4.7 -13.8 -3.1 2.2 17.5 18.4 -54.7

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

58 648.1 3 324.9 3 885.2 774.6 1 652.6 4 984.1 37 871.3 5 704.0 451.4

2015 share

0%

2015

20

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 49.0, 11.8 and 10.7 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Electronic integrated circuits and microassemblies" (HS code 8542) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were China, the United States and Japan, accounting for respectively 14.9, 10.3 and 8.8 percent of total imports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 9.9 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 3.7 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 3.5 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Remaining ( 12.7 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2002 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 8542 Electronic integrated circuits and microassemblies..................................................... 2709 Petroleum oils, crude..................................................................................................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8473 Parts and accessories for use with machines of heading 84.69 to 84.72.................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 8802 Other aircraft (for example, helicopters, aeroplanes); spacecraft................................ 1001 Wheat and meslin......................................................................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 2304 Oil-cake and other solid residues.................................................................................. 2701 Coal; briquettes, ovoids and similar solid fuels manufactured from coal....................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

65 705.4 10 585.5 6 611.6 5 285.1 2 181.9 1 714.9 2 316.3 868.9 833.2 758.9 821.6

Source: UN Comtrade

67 718.9 9 915.8 6 340.0 5 857.4 1 803.1 1 720.6 2 128.5 922.5 799.6 969.5 762.0

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

SITC code

70 153.5 776 13 617.4 US$/kg 333 3 952.4 0.8 0.8 0.4 US$/kg 334 3 337.0 1.0 0.9 0.5 US$/kg 759 2 077.2 25.1 22.3 30.4 2 322.3 8.8 3.3 6.6 thsd US$/unit 781 mln US$/unit 792 825.5 46.3 34.3 US$/kg 041 982.1 0.4 0.3 0.3 US$/kg 542 985.9 26.5 22.1 21.8 US$/kg 081 707.2 0.5 0.5 0.5 US$/kg 321 670.5 0.1 0.1 0.1

301

Poland Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Poland decreased moderately by 9.3 percent to reach 194.5 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 12.5 percent to reach 189.7 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small surplus of 4.8 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at 39.8 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Poland were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 18 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 19 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Poland increased moderately by 7.2 percent, reaching 43.1 bln US$, while its imports of services increased moderately by 6.0 percent and reached 34.9 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services surplus of 8.3 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year)

15

13

14

20

20

11

10

09

12

20

20

20

20

07

08

20

20

05

06

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

−50 04

−250

Trade Balance

(na)

20

−40

Imports

(na)

02

−30

−200

15

−150

14

−20

13

−100

12

−10

11

−50

10

0

09

0

08

10

07

20

50

06

100

05

30

04

150

03

40

02

200

Exports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 39.1, 18.8 and 15.0 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05" (HS code 8708) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Germany, the United Kingdom and the Czech Republic, accounting for respectively 25.9, 6.6 and 6.3 percent of total exports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 13.2 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 11.2 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 10.8 bln US$ (see graph 3).

Exports

50

03

Trade Balance

20

250

Imports

20

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 26.0 %)

Transportation ( 30.6 %)

Other business ( 25.0 %)

Remaining ( 9.5 %)

Computer & information ( 8.8 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) Unit value 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2013 2014 2015 2013 2014 2015 Unit All Commodities............................................................................................................ 203 847.9 214 476.8 194 461.2 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... US$/kg 9 613.4 10 537.7 9 934.8 7.4 7.6 6.7 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 6 900.9 6 554.7 6 491.5 12.5 12.6 11.1 thsd US$/unit 9401 Seats (other than those of heading 94.02).................................................................... 4 982.3 5 519.6 5 154.5 8528 Reception apparatus for television............................................................................... 4 744.7 5 068.0 5 073.0 282.7 289.5 279.2 US$/unit 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... US$/kg 4 622.4 4 607.2 3 251.1 0.8 0.8 0.5 8901 Cruise ships, excursion boats, ferry-boats, cargo ships, barges................................... 3 720.2 4 061.9 4 541.4 14.2 13.5 0.5 mln US$/unit 9403 Other furniture and parts thereof.................................................................................. 3 693.9 4 234.3 3 602.5 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 3 483.8 4 804.0 3 153.5 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 2 794.6 3 423.6 3 679.7 209.1 202.2 185.0 US$/unit 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. US$/kg 2 700.5 3 171.8 2 674.4 51.7 51.2 39.9 HS code

302

Source: UN Comtrade

SITC code 784 781 821 761 334 793 821 764 752 542

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Poland Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

0.8 5.0 0.3 -8.6 0.6 -2.2 0.7 5.5 2.3

-9.3 -8.8 -16.7 -27.5 -12.2 -13.9 -7.5 0.5 14.9

100.0 12.4 2.4 3.3 8.8 18.8 39.1 15.0 0.2

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

189 696.5 15 158.7 6 639.7 14 269.7 26 385.0 32 588.9 69 438.1 22 374.9 2 841.5

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category Other business ( 25.4 %)

Transportation ( 22.3 %) Travel ( 25.4 %)

Remaining ( 11.2 %)

Royalties & lic. fees ( 8.5 %) Computer & information ( 7.1 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.096)

Top partner

25 th 10

80

60

40

20

20

40

0%

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

%

15 th

0%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

%

0 20

0 15

0 10

50

0

0 −5

00 −1

100.0 8.0 3.5 7.5 13.9 17.2 36.6 11.8 1.5

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.083)

Top partner

60

Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania 50

-12.5 -10.5 -15.8 -39.0 -15.4 -13.4 -5.1 0.3 -31.3

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015)

Imports

(% share in 2014)

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015)

−1

-2.4 0.5 -5.2 -14.5 -2.8 -3.7 1.1 2.4 -14.0

80

194 461.2 24 035.3 4 761.2 6 434.2 17 194.1 36 506.6 75 955.0 29 233.5 341.3

2015 share

0%

2015

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 36.6, 17.2 and 13.9 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude" (HS code 2709) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Germany, China and the Russian Federation, accounting for respectively 21.9, 10.6 and 10.3 percent of total imports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 8.9 bln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 8.9 bln US$ and "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 7.8 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2013 2014 2015 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 205 613.8 216 687.3 189 696.5 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 18 048.9 17 195.1 9 855.4 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 5 995.1 6 357.7 5 931.4 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 5 208.3 5 986.9 5 389.9 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 4 456.7 4 517.0 3 893.1 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 5 036.9 4 055.3 2 779.7 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 3 504.2 3 719.7 3 738.2 8901 Cruise ships, excursion boats, ferry-boats, cargo ships, barges................................... 3 351.1 3 549.2 3 960.9 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 3 437.4 3 529.7 3 526.4 8529 Parts suitable for use with the apparatus of headings 85.25 to 85.28......................... 2 934.3 2 934.5 2 553.7 8542 Electronic integrated circuits......................................................................................... 1 972.8 2 176.2 2 110.1 HS code

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Source: UN Comtrade

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

0.8

US$/kg 0.7 0.4 US$/kg 7.7 7.5 6.2 15.9 16.6 15.4 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 64.8 65.2 68.4

13.5 12.9 13.8 mln US$/unit

68.0 70.8 75.2

39.3 34.6 29.5

US$/unit US$/kg

SITC code 333 784 781 542 931 764 793 752 764 776

303

Portugal Goods Imports: CIF, by origin/consignment for intra-eu

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Portugal decreased substantially by 13.5 percent to reach 55.2 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 14.9 percent to reach 66.7 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small deficit of 11.4 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at -5.2 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Portugal were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 13 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 19 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Portugal increased moderately by 8.7 percent, reaching 30.5 bln US$, while its imports of services increased substantially by 10.9 percent and reached 15.4 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services surplus of 15.1 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year)

Exports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 25.9, 23.0 and 17.6 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Spain, France and Germany, accounting for respectively 24.0, 11.8 and 11.7 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 13.8 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 7.6 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 5.6 bln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

12

11

10

13

20

20

20

20

09

20

08

20

07

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−100

20

−80

06

−60

(na)

20

−40

Trade Balance

(na)

05

−20

Imports

20

0

04

20

20

40

03

60

20

80

Exports

35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 −5 −10 −15 −20 −25 −30 −35 02

Trade Balance

20

100

Imports

20

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Transportation ( 24.9 %)

Travel ( 45.3 %)

Other business ( 18.4 %)

Remaining ( 11.5 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 6403 Footwear with outer soles of rubber, plastics, leather................................................. 4802 Uncoated paper and paperboard, of a kind used for writing........................................ 4011 New pneumatic tyres, of rubber.................................................................................... 6109 T-shirts, singlets and other vests, knitted or crocheted................................................ 2204 Wine of fresh grapes, including fortified wines........................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 8544 Insulated (including enamelled or anodised) wire, cable.............................................

304

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

62 794.1 5 834.1 2 359.2 2 461.4 2 031.0 1 535.4 1 130.1 942.7 956.9 836.9 894.1

63 885.6 4 749.7 2 613.8 2 631.3 2 174.7 1 529.8 1 104.5 1 019.2 963.5 997.5 871.5

55 241.1 3 769.1 2 502.5 2 304.8 1 840.2 1 334.5 1 023.4 876.8 817.7 816.8 766.1

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

0.9

7.8 21.0 36.1 1.1 66.8 6.3 3.1 39.8 9.0

0.8 7.8 21.2 36.6 1.0 62.8 6.5 3.4 44.5 8.8

US$/kg 0.5 US$/kg 7.0 18.7 thsd US$/unit 31.0 US$/pair US$/kg 0.9 56.4 US$/unit 5.7 US$/unit 2.9 US$/litre US$/kg 38.5 US$/kg 7.1

SITC code 334 784 781 851 641 625 845 112 542 773

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Portugal Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-1.9 0.7 -5.2 -0.3 -2.3 -1.8 -3.3 0.4 -21.0

-13.5 -12.3 -12.9 -21.9 -14.4 -13.5 -11.6 -12.9 -11.4

100.0 11.2 5.3 7.7 8.8 23.0 25.9 17.6 0.5

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

66 657.7 8 818.1 3 033.5 8 839.0 9 602.8 10 269.1 18 355.2 7 699.5 40.5

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.104)

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category Transportation ( 27.6 %)

Travel ( 28.7 %)

Other business ( 21.4 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.105)

Top partner

25 th 10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

%

15 th

0%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

40

30

20

10

0

0

0 −1

−2

0 −3

0

Top partner

%

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −4

100.0 13.2 4.6 13.3 14.4 15.4 27.5 11.6 0.1

40

Exports

(% share in 2014)

-14.9 -13.3 -14.0 -34.7 -9.6 -12.2 -9.1 -9.3 -31.3

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015)

Imports

0

-5.3 -4.5 -6.7 -11.7 -3.3 -4.9 -3.7 -3.3 -20.8

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015)

−5

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

60

55 241.1 6 186.7 2 920.3 4 226.4 4 844.3 12 723.3 14 297.4 9 739.3 303.4

2015 share

0%

2015

50

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 27.5, 15.4 and 14.4 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude" (HS code 2709) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Spain, Germany and France, accounting for respectively 30.8, 11.8 and 6.8 percent of total imports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 4.4 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 4.2 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 3.3 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Remaining ( 22.3 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 7208 Flat-rolled products of iron or non-alloy steel............................................................... 7204 Ferrous waste and scrap; remelting scrap ingots of iron or steel................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

75 713.9 9 355.1 2 438.1 2 682.3 2 169.0 2 470.7 1 960.8 923.6 778.2 555.9 515.5

Source: UN Comtrade

78 294.9 8 158.6 3 460.3 2 760.0 2 195.1 2 398.9 2 104.2 1 027.5 793.0 534.3 531.3

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

66 657.7 US$/kg 5 465.9 0.8 0.7 0.4 3 787.8 18.9 18.6 15.6 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 2 475.0 10.0 10.2 9.3 US$/kg 2 157.9 64.6 64.7 60.0 US$/kg 1 552.4 0.6 0.6 0.4 US$/kg 1 124.5 0.9 0.8 0.5 923.2 659.2 144.2 154.3 136.1 US$/unit US$/kg 451.9 0.7 0.6 0.5 US$/kg 367.6 0.4 0.3 0.2

SITC code 333 781 784 542 343 334 764 752 673 282

305

Qatar Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Qatar decreased substantially by 40.7 percent to reach 78.0 bln US$, while its merchandise imports increased moderately by 7.1 percent to reach 32.6 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large surplus of 45.4 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Eastern Asia at 17.0 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Qatar were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 10 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 17 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Qatar increased substantially by 21.0 percent, reaching 49.2 bln US$, while its imports of services increased substantially by 19.6 percent and reached 119.6 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services deficit of 70.4 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year)

Exports Profile: "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3), "Not classified elsewhere in the SITC" (SITC section 9) and "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 82.8, 11.2 and 2.6 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons" (HS code 2711) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Japan, the Republic of Korea and India, accounting for respectively 25.8, 18.1 and 11.6 percent of total exports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 23.4 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 16.7 bln US$ and "Insurance services" (EBOPS code 253) at 3.1 bln US$ (see graph 3).

15

13

14

20

20

11

10

09

08

07

12

20

20

20

20

20

20

06

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−150

20

−100

05

−50

Trade Balance

(na)

20

(na)

04

(na)

Imports

(na)

20

0

03

50

20

100

Exports

120 100 80 60 40 20 0 −20 −40 −60 −80 −100 −120 02

Trade Balance

20

150

Imports

20

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Transportation ( 47.5 %) Travel ( 33.9 %)

Remaining ( 6.6 %)

Insurance ( 6.4 %) Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 5.6 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) Unit value 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2013 2014 2015 2013 2014 2015 Unit All Commodities............................................................................................................ 136 855.1 131 591.6 77 971.1 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 87 538.4 86 040.0 50 522.9 0.8 0.8 0.4 US$/kg 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 24 877.7 21 484.3 10 603.5 0.8 0.7 0.4 US$/kg 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 11 656.7 17 137.3 8 733.9 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... US$/kg 7 544.1 6 375.0 3 407.1 0.9 0.9 0.5 3901 Polymers of ethylene, in primary forms......................................................................... US$/kg 4 632.0 ... 0.0 1.5 1.9 2503 Sulphur of all kinds........................................................................................................ US$/kg 270.2 324.2 331.4 0.1 0.2 0.1 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 15.5 thsd US$/unit ... ... 514.9 2903 Halogenated derivatives of hydrocarbons..................................................................... US$/kg ... ... 486.5 0.5 7214 Other bars and rods of iron or non-alloy steel.............................................................. US$/kg ... ... 396.2 0.5 8905 Light-vessels, fire-floats, dredgers, floating cranes and other vessels........................ ... ... 327.4 HS code

306

Source: UN Comtrade

SITC code 343 333 931 334 571 274 781 511 676 793

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Qatar Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-40.7 1976.4 56.0 -43.3 1313.0 2528.8 41345.8 209.6 -49.0

100.0 0.2 0.7 82.8 1.2 0.9 2.6 0.4 11.2

32 610.5 3 176.7 1 763.3 382.0 2 506.9 5 423.2 14 831.0 4 260.7 266.8

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 26.4 %)

Transportation ( 36.9 %)

Remaining ( 12.7 %)

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 8.7 %) Communication ( 8.1 %) Insurance ( 7.2 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.104)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

20

15

10

5

0

−5

0

100.0 9.7 5.4 1.2 7.7 16.6 45.5 13.1 0.8

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.057)

Top partner

−1

5

7.1 8.8 10.9 13.8 3.4 11.3 3.7 14.1 -1.0

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −1

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

40

-9.1 149.1 7.8 -11.5 -17.3 128.3 350.7 44.7 6.1

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

77 971.1 160.6 556.9 64 534.0 956.4 729.6 2 021.1 278.5 8 733.9

2015 share

0%

2015

25

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 45.5, 16.6 and 13.1 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport" (HS code 8703) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the United States, China and the United Arab Emirates, accounting for respectively 11.4, 10.7 and 8.1 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 44.1 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 31.6 bln US$ and "Government services, n.i.e." (EBOPS code 291) at 10.4 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 8803 Parts of goods of heading 88.01 or 88.02..................................................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 8544 Insulated (including enamelled or anodised) wire, cable............................................. 2601 Iron ores and concentrates, including roasted iron pyrites........................................... 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 8481 Taps, cocks, valves and similar appliances for pipes, boiler shells.............................. 7113 Articles of jewellery and parts thereof, of precious metal........................................... 8905 Light-vessels, fire-floats, dredgers, floating cranes and other vessels........................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

27 034.1 2 534.7 1 435.6 665.9 449.9 593.9 443.0 415.4 468.0 389.2 678.4

Source: UN Comtrade

30 447.7 2 625.3 1 769.4 786.7 631.7 460.0 514.2 436.6 393.2 443.3 529.9

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

32 610.5 2 981.0 12.7 15.0 16.3 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 1 896.9 465.1 426.8 425.2 879.1 US$/kg 659.0 7.3 7.1 6.7 US$/kg 502.8 0.2 0.2 0.1 481.8 508.9 US$/kg 391.2 23.2 27.5 18.6 389.6 19.4 11.9 thsd US$/kg 0.0

SITC code 781 792 764 773 281 782 752 747 897 793

307

Republic of Moldova Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of the Republic of Moldova decreased substantially by 15.9 percent to reach 2.0 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 25.0 percent to reach 4.0 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 2.0 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at -602.6 mln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in the Republic of Moldova were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 12 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 13 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2013, the value of exports of services of the Republic of Moldova increased slightly by 2.0 percent, reaching 954.6 mln US$, while its imports of services increased slightly by 1.5 percent and reached 972.2 mln US$ (see graph 2). There was a relatively small trade in services deficit of 17.5 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Mln US$ by year) Exports

6 5 4 3 2 1 0 −1 −2 −3 −4 −5 −6

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

1000

Imports

Trade Balance

800 600 400 200

(na) (na)

0 (na) (na)

−200 −400 −600 −800

Exports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) and "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 33.4, 21.7 and 15.9 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Insulated (including enamelled or anodised) wire, cable" (HS code 8544) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were the Russian Federation, Romania and Italy, accounting for respectively 19.2, 19.2 and 9.3 percent of total exports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2013 at 403.6 mln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 225.5 mln US$ and "Communications services" (EBOPS code 245) at 137.4 mln US$ (see graph 3).

14

15 20

12

13

20

20

10

09

08

07

11

20

20

20

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

03

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−1000

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013) Travel ( 23.6 %) Transportation ( 42.3 %)

Communication ( 14.4 %) Remaining ( 6.2 %)

Other business ( 6.9 %) Computer & information ( 6.6 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 8544 Insulated (including enamelled or anodised) wire, cable............................................. 1206 Sunflower seeds, whether or not broken...................................................................... 2204 Wine of fresh grapes, including fortified wines........................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 0802 Other nuts, fresh or dried, whether or not shelled or peeled....................................... 9401 Seats (other than those of heading 94.02).................................................................... 2208 Alcohol of a strength by volume of less than 80 % vol................................................ 1001 Wheat and meslin......................................................................................................... 1512 Sunflower-seed, safflower or cotton-seed oil.............................................................. 1005 Maize (corn)...................................................................................................................

308

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

2 428.3 213.1 136.2 149.6 112.4 97.5 75.7 92.2 65.9 41.6 28.1

2 339.5 216.8 105.6 111.8 124.5 110.8 86.7 68.9 81.3 74.1 82.0

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

1 966.9 13.7 11.3 212.6 143.7 0.5 0.4 0.4 97.7 1.2 1.1 0.9 75.6 66.9 74.7 63.5 101.1 7.3 7.7 6.7 81.0 47.5 6.6 6.5 6.1 52.5 0.2 0.2 0.2 69.0 1.0 0.8 0.7 43.9 0.2 0.2

US$/kg US$/kg US$/litre US$/kg US$/kg US$/litre US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

SITC code 773 222 112 542 057 821 112 041 421 044

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Republic of Moldova Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-15.9 -20.7 0.3 -37.4 -25.7 -20.9 -7.0 -17.5 -39.3

100.0 33.4 14.8 0.5 6.6 7.0 15.9 21.7 0.0

3 986.8 530.1 108.8 458.4 626.1 807.9 825.0 364.5 266.0

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013)

Travel ( 34.3 %) Transportation ( 39.1 %)

Remaining ( 13.5 %)

Other business ( 7.8 %) Communication ( 5.3 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.096)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

0%

0.6

0.4

0

0.2

.2

.4

−0

.6

−0

.8

−0

−1

−0

.2

.4

100.0 13.3 2.7 11.5 15.7 20.3 20.7 9.1 6.7

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.075)

Top partner

−1

-25.0 -19.8 -13.3 -33.5 -21.4 -18.6 -26.7 -23.4 -41.0

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −1

-6.4 -4.7 -2.2 -11.1 -1.8 -4.6 -8.2 -5.2 -11.7

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

40

-2.9 0.0 -5.3 -19.6 1.3 -10.5 -1.1 -4.0 -42.3

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

1 966.9 656.5 291.6 10.1 130.8 137.4 313.5 426.5 0.6

2015 share

10

2015

0.8

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 20.7, 20.3 and 15.7 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Romania, the Russian Federation and Ukraine, accounting for respectively 14.1, 13.8 and 10.7 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2013 at 379.9 mln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 333.6 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 76.0 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 8544 Insulated (including enamelled or anodised) wire, cable............................................. 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 3808 Insecticides, rodenticides, fungicides, herbicides........................................................ 2402 Cigars, cheroots, cigarillos and cigarettes.................................................................... 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 8701 Tractors (other than tractors of heading 87.09)............................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

5 492.4 620.7 493.7 225.4 131.8 125.3 76.2 61.4 65.6 66.4 48.9

Source: UN Comtrade

5 317.0 581.2 450.9 249.1 132.2 91.4 62.8 58.1 51.6 61.3 60.7

3 986.8 396.3 266.0 171.5 87.1 82.2 59.5 54.1 54.3 30.9 31.8

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

1.0 0.9 0.6 35.8 37.9 31.4 18.7 20.2 18.9 8.2 7.2 12.4 14.0 0.7 6.8

12.5 13.6 0.8 4.3

12.1 11.3 0.4 7.5

SITC code

US$/kg

334 931 US$/kg 542 thsd US$/unit 781 US$/kg 773 764 US$/kg 591 US$/kg 122 US$/kg 343 thsd US$/unit 722

309

Romania Goods Imports: CIF, by origin/consignment for intra-eu

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Romania decreased substantially by 13.3 percent to reach 60.6 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 10.3 percent to reach 69.9 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small deficit of 9.3 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at -8.9 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Romania were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 19 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 15 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Romania increased substantially by 13.2 percent, reaching 16.4 bln US$, while its imports of services increased moderately by 7.5 percent and reached 11.6 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services surplus of 4.8 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

100

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

20

80

Imports

Trade Balance

15

60

10

40 20

5

0

0

−20

−5

(na) (na)

−40

Exports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 43.8, 16.2 and 14.7 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05" (HS code 8708) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Germany, Italy and France, accounting for respectively 19.2, 11.9 and 6.8 percent of total exports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 5.8 bln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 4.5 bln US$ and "Computer and information services" (EBOPS code 262) at 2.4 bln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

13

20

12

20

10

09

11

20

20

20

07

08

20

20

06

20

04

05

20

20

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

05

−20 04

−100 03

−15

02

−80

03

−10

−60

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Other business ( 27.2 %)

Transportation ( 35.1 %)

Computer & information ( 14.4 %)

Travel ( 11.2 %) Remaining ( 12.1 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 8544 Insulated (including enamelled or anodised) wire, cable............................................. 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 9401 Seats (other than those of heading 94.02).................................................................... 4011 New pneumatic tyres, of rubber.................................................................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 1001 Wheat and meslin......................................................................................................... 8537 Boards, panels, consoles, desks, cabinets and other bases.........................................

310

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

65 881.4 4 530.0 4 208.3 3 576.5 2 675.1 2 413.7 1 339.9 1 510.5 1 149.6 1 303.0 729.8

69 877.9 5 267.3 3 974.0 3 841.8 3 242.6 2 136.9 1 702.4 1 606.8 1 264.0 1 280.7 1 080.3

60 605.0 4 950.7 3 233.0 3 648.1 2 022.4 1 997.9 1 523.7 1 377.8 1 118.4 769.3 1 383.1

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

SITC code

US$/kg 9.6 10.4 9.7 8.7 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 16.3 14.9 12.2 US$/kg 1.0 0.9 0.5

784 781 773 334 931 821 625 764 041 772

10.3 10.3

57.1 58.1 46.4

US$/unit

0.3 0.3 0.2 52.7 68.8 68.4

US$/kg US$/kg

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Romania Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-13.3 -9.8 -27.7 -35.4 -20.2 -12.4 -8.9 -13.4 -6.5

100.0 8.6 4.3 4.5 4.6 16.2 43.8 14.7 3.3

69 857.7 5 733.6 2 081.2 4 454.1 9 216.6 14 197.0 25 127.2 6 480.6 2 567.3

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 20.9 %)

Other business ( 33.5 %)

Remaining ( 13.5 %)

Transportation ( 17.4 %)

Royalties & lic. fees ( 7.6 %) Computer & information ( 7.1 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.073)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

40

30

20

0

10

0

0

0

0 −1

−2

−3

0

−4

0

100.0 8.2 3.0 6.4 13.2 20.3 36.0 9.3 3.7

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.075)

Top partner

−5

-10.3 -0.3 -11.0 -38.5 -10.1 -10.5 -5.6 -4.8 -14.7

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −6

-2.2 3.3 -5.6 -15.2 -1.7 -3.4 -0.7 1.4 6.8

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

40

-0.8 7.3 -12.1 -5.9 -7.8 -2.7 0.9 -0.9 14.0

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

60 605.0 5 207.9 2 627.1 2 703.9 2 802.2 9 818.2 26 527.6 8 920.1 1 997.9

2015 share

0%

2015

50

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 36.0, 20.3 and 13.2 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude" (HS code 2709) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Germany, Italy and Hungary, accounting for respectively 19.2, 10.9 and 8.0 percent of total imports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 3.9 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 2.4 bln US$ and "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 2.0 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 8544 Insulated (including enamelled or anodised) wire, cable............................................. 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 8536 Electrical apparatus for switching or protecting electrical circuits.............................. 8542 Electronic integrated circuits.........................................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

73 452.2 4 190.1 2 637.5 2 886.3 2 555.9 1 402.4 1 566.8 1 644.8 1 188.1 994.3 734.0

Source: UN Comtrade

77 889.1 4 795.5 3 028.5 2 872.9 3 010.8 1 704.3 1 577.0 1 539.8 1 433.1 1 091.7 866.7

69 857.7 2 518.0 2 820.2 2 400.5 2 567.3 1 559.8 1 487.4 1 210.0 1 452.4 1 049.1 840.8

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

0.8

0.7 0.4 7.2 8.1 7.2 75.7 71.1 62.2

11.1 1.1 19.1 27.7

11.5 1.0 19.1 29.4

9.6 0.6 17.1 22.4

SITC code

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

333 784 542 931 764 US$/kg 773 US$/kg 334 thsd US$/unit 781 US$/kg 772 776

311

Russian Federation Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of the Russian Federation decreased substantially by 30.9 percent to reach 343.9 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 36.2 percent to reach 182.8 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large surplus of 161.1 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at 65.7 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in the Russian Federation were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 20 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 24 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of the Russian Federation decreased moderately by 5.2 percent, reaching 62.5 bln US$, while its imports of services decreased moderately by 5.7 percent and reached 119.2 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services deficit of 56.6 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

600 500 400 300 200 100 0 −100 −200 −300 −400 −500 −600

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

150

Imports

Trade Balance

100 50 (na)

0 (na)

−50 −100

Exports Profile: "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 62.8, 12.6 and 5.8 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude" (HS code 2709) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Areas nes, the Netherlands and China, accounting for respectively 13.7, 12.9 and 7.4 percent of total exports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 20.5 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 11.8 bln US$ and "Construction services" (EBOPS code 249) at 4.7 bln US$ (see graph 3).

14

15 20

12

13

20

20

10

09

08

07

11

20

20

20

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

02

03

20

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−150

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 18.8 %) Construction ( 7.6 %)

Transportation ( 32.8 %)

Remaining ( 40.8 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) Unit value 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2013 2014 2015 2013 2014 2015 Unit All Commodities............................................................................................................ 527 265.9 497 833.5 343 907.7 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 173 669.6 153 887.9 89 576.5 0.7 0.7 0.4 US$/kg 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 109 415.4 115 807.7 67 403.1 0.7 0.7 0.4 US$/kg 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 74 639.1 62 647.9 47 517.7 0.5 0.6 0.5 US$/kg 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 13 208.2 11 647.0 10 796.9 2701 Coal; briquettes, ovoids and similar solid fuels manufactured from coal.................... 11 821.2 11 642.3 US$/kg 9 480.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 7207 Semi-finished products of iron or non-alloy steel......................................................... US$/kg 6 471.4 6 587.4 4 636.7 0.5 0.5 0.3 7601 Unwrought aluminium................................................................................................... US$/kg 6 132.8 5 251.7 6 075.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 7102 Diamonds, whether or not worked, but not mounted or set......................................... 4 969.3 5 310.5 3 945.3 1001 Wheat and meslin......................................................................................................... US$/kg 3 482.7 5 423.1 3 948.7 0.3 0.2 0.2 4407 Wood sawn or chipped lengthwise, sliced or peeled................................................... US$/m3 3 651.8 3 738.4 3 073.5 171.3 165.5 125.8 HS code

312

Source: UN Comtrade

SITC code 333 334 343 931 321 672 684 667 041 248

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Russian Federation Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-30.9 -15.0 -22.6 -37.6 -15.2 -17.6 -7.9 -8.0 -16.7

100.0 4.0 4.0 62.8 5.8 12.6 5.4 1.7 3.6

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

182 782.0 22 974.4 7 985.7 2 990.2 27 436.3 22 442.5 76 382.1 21 538.0 1 032.7

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

(% share in 2014) Transportation ( 12.9 %) Royalties & lic. fees ( 6.7 %) Travel ( 42.3 %)

Construction ( 6.3 %)

Remaining ( 31.7 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.06)

Top partner

25 th 10

80

60

40

20

20

40

0%

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

%

15 th

0%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

%

0

0

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category

14

0

12

80

10

60

40

20

0

0

0

0 −2

−4

0

100.0 12.6 4.4 1.6 15.0 12.3 41.8 11.8 0.6

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.065)

Top partner

−6

-36.2 -35.8 -21.1 -26.0 -26.6 -37.9 -39.9 -38.9 19.9

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −8

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

-12.1 -10.0 -1.0 -11.6 -6.3 -10.8 -12.1 -8.5 -56.1

60

-9.7 8.3 -6.3 -11.1 -2.2 -3.7 12.0 26.1 -31.5

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

80

343 907.7 13 891.1 13 915.8 216 101.1 19 950.4 43 493.6 18 509.1 5 737.3 12 309.3

2015 share

0%

2015

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 41.8, 15.0 and 12.6 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport" (HS code 8703) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were China, Germany and the United States, accounting for respectively 17.7, 11.5 and 6.0 percent of total imports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 50.4 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 15.4 bln US$ and "Royalties and license fees" (EBOPS code 266) at 8.0 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2013 2014 2015 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 314 945.1 286 648.8 182 782.0 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 16 996.9 13 161.9 6 490.2 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 11 629.5 10 108.8 6 796.5 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 11 488.9 9 802.7 5 377.4 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 7 685.1 8 236.4 6 335.0 8802 Other aircraft (for example, helicopters, aeroplanes); spacecraft................................ 4 459.4 7 268.9 3 170.0 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 4 864.6 5 082.6 4 034.0 8419 Machinery, plant or laboratory equipment.................................................................... 2 509.8 3 190.2 2 558.3 8707 Bodies (including cabs), for the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05................ 4 060.5 2 818.3 1 078.1 8502 Electric generating sets and rotary converters............................................................. 3 239.8 2 711.2 1 383.3 9018 Instruments and appliances used in medical, surgical, dental or veterinary............... 2 418.2 2 412.3 1 574.7 HS code

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Source: UN Comtrade

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

SITC code

19.0 18.7 18.5 thsd US$/unit 781 US$/kg 542 77.1 68.2 48.4 US$/kg 784 7.6 7.2 6.2

764

16.7 19.4 14.0 mln US$/unit 792 752 78.8 89.0 100.8 US$/unit 741

10.6

9.5

6.4 5.1

7.5 thsd US$/unit 784 4.1 thsd US$/unit 716 872

313

Rwanda Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of Rwanda increased moderately by 7.4 percent to reach 653.4 mln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased slightly by 1.8 percent to reach 2.0 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 1.3 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Eastern Asia at -387.5 mln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Rwanda were moderately concentrated amongst partners; imports were diversified. The top 6 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 14 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Rwanda decreased substantially by 11.0 percent, reaching 516.9 mln US$, while its imports of services decreased substantially by 24.9 percent and reached 663.1 mln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services deficit of 146.2 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Mln US$ by year) Exports

2

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

1000

Imports

Trade Balance

800

1.5

600

1

400

0.5 (na)

200

(na)

0

0 (na)

−0.5

(na)

−200 −400

−1

Exports Profile: "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 36.0, 30.1 and 15.8 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Niobium, tantalum, vanadium or zirconium ores and concentrates" (HS code 2615) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were the United Republic of Tanzania, Democratic Republic of the Congo and Kenya, accounting for respectively 34.4, 21.4 and 14.3 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 303.7 mln US$, followed by "Government services, n.i.e." (EBOPS code 291) at 191.6 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

12

13

20

20

10

09

11

20

20

20

08

20

07

20

05

06

20

20

04

20

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

04

−1000 03

−2 02

−800

03

−600

−1.5

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 58.8 %)

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 37.1 %) Remaining ( 4.2 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2615 Niobium, tantalum, vanadium or zirconium ores and concentrates............................. 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 0902 Tea, whether or not flavoured....................................................................................... 0901 Coffee, whether or not roasted or decaffeinated......................................................... 2609 Tin ores and concentrates............................................................................................. 2611 Tungsten ores and concentrates................................................................................... 1101 Wheat or meslin flour.................................................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 1006 Rice................................................................................................................................ 2203 Beer made from malt.....................................................................................................

314

Source: UN Comtrade

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

507.0 56.7 45.7 86.6 71.2 52.9 21.4 17.0 24.7 3.6 8.9

608.1 134.9 72.4 61.6 52.2 58.2 29.1 13.2 8.1 12.3 17.8

653.4 103.3 103.3 57.8 60.8 71.7 25.9 20.4 7.9 14.9 1.3

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

SITC code

49.6 54.7 45.7 1.2 1.3 2.0 3.8 2.8 2.4 3.6 2.8 3.7 11.4 12.1 12.0 15.6 13.7 11.9 0.8 0.8 0.8

287 334 074 071 287 287 046 781 042 112

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg 30.6 23.9 24.2 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 0.8 0.8 0.7 1.1 3.6 0.6 US$/litre

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Rwanda Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

28.2 16.1 22.3 178.7 35.7 41.9 50.9 27.6 158.0

7.4 -7.9 -9.3 42.6 78.1 58.0 120.1 17.6 >

100.0 30.1 36.0 15.8 1.2 4.6 8.6 2.4 1.2

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

1 954.2 276.9 145.2 79.2 315.2 405.8 506.3 225.4 0.2

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance

8.6 13.3 8.2 5.8 14.5 7.8 1.9 18.7 57.0

Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 56.8 %)

Remaining ( 1.5 %)

Transportation ( 41.6 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.165)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

0%

5 th

0 10 0 20 0 30 0 40 0 50 0 60 0

00

00

−1

00

−2

00

−3

00

−4

00

−5

100.0 14.2 7.4 4.1 16.1 20.8 25.9 11.5 0.0

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.083)

Top partner

%

Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania 00

-1.8 0.6 7.2 -32.8 22.3 -0.2 -19.3 33.8 22108.1

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014)

Imports

−6

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Mln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014)

−7

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

40

653.4 196.8 235.3 103.5 8.1 30.3 56.4 15.5 7.6

2014 share

60

2014

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 25.9, 20.8 and 16.1 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were China, Uganda and Kenya, accounting for respectively 15.6, 13.2 and 8.2 percent of total imports. "Government services, n.i.e." (EBOPS code 291) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 376.9 mln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 275.9 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 2523 Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement....................................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 1701 Cane or beet sugar and chemically pure sucrose, in solid form................................... 1001 Wheat and meslin......................................................................................................... 1516 Animal or vegetable fats and oils................................................................................. 7210 Flat-rolled products of iron or non-alloy steel............................................................... 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof..............................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

1 832.0 124.8 61.1 86.0 51.8 54.3 54.2 39.7 31.5 26.1 36.2

Source: UN Comtrade

1 989.1 109.9 173.0 88.7 63.3 52.3 52.7 58.9 36.3 33.4 27.3

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

1 954.2 US$/kg 68.0 1.3 1.2 1.1 34.6 21.6 34.5 22.3 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 83.7 0.2 0.2 0.2 98.7 US$/kg 67.2 9.8 17.3 20.3 US$/kg 55.7 0.9 0.8 0.7 US$/kg 53.9 0.4 0.4 0.4 US$/kg 50.5 1.7 1.4 1.4 US$/kg 42.8 1.4 1.2 1.1 30.3

SITC code 334 781 661 764 542 061 041 431 674 752

315

Saint Kitts and Nevis Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2011, the value of merchandise exports of Saint Kitts and Nevis increased substantially by 40.2 percent to reach 44.9 mln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased moderately by 8.6 percent to reach 246.7 mln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 201.8 mln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed North America at -134.8 mln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Saint Kitts and Nevis were highly concentrated amongst partners; imports were also highly concentrated. The top 1 partner accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 4 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2013, the value of exports of services of Saint Kitts and Nevis increased substantially by 21.5 percent, reaching 236.1 mln US$, while its imports of services increased moderately by 5.4 percent and reached 126.1 mln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services surplus of 110.0 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Mln US$ by year)

(Mln US$ by year) Exports

400

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

250

Imports

Trade Balance

200

300

150

200

100

100

50

(na) (na) (na) (na)

0

(na) (na)

0 (na) (na) (na) (na)

−100

(na) (na)

−50 −100

−200

Exports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2011, representing respectively 67.6, 20.4 and 10.4 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2009 to 2011, the largest export commodity was "Electrical apparatus for switching or protecting electrical circuits" (HS code 8536) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were the United States, Antigua and Barbuda and Saint Lucia, accounting for respectively 79.3, 3.4 and 2.6 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2013 at 101.0 mln US$, followed by "Government services, n.i.e." (EBOPS code 291) at 91.6 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 19.0 mln US$ (see graph 3).

14

15 20

13

20

12

20

10

09

08

07

11

20

20

20

20

20

05

06

20

20

04

20

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

04

−250 03

−400 02

−200

03

−150

−300

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013)

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 38.8 %)

Travel ( 42.8 %)

Remaining ( 3.3 %) Transportation ( 7.1 %)

Other business ( 8.1 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2009 to 2011 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 8536 Electrical apparatus for switching or protecting electrical circuits.............................. 8529 Parts suitable for use with the apparatus of headings 85.25 to 85.28......................... 4907 Unused postage, revenue or similar stamps of current or new issue.......................... 8707 Bodies (including cabs), for the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05................ 2203 Beer made from malt..................................................................................................... 2202 Waters with added sugar.............................................................................................. 3925 Builders' ware of plastics, not elsewhere specified or included.................................. 0306 Crustaceans, whether in shell or not............................................................................ 2208 Alcohol of a strength by volume of less than 80 % vol................................................ 8311 Wire, rods, tubes, plates, electrodes and similar products, of base metal..................

316

Source: UN Comtrade

2009

Value (million US$) 2010 2011

37.7 14.2 12.5 2.6 0.1 1.5 0.6 0.7 0.4 0.1 0.0

32.0 13.4 6.1 3.0 0.6 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.4 0.5 1.1

Unit value 2009 2010 2011 Unit

44.9 15.2 29.7 15.8 7.8 10.1 67.8 71.9 76.4 7.6 132.2 108.4 298.0 3.0 1.2 0.7 0.6 0.6 1.4 0.9 0.8 0.5 0.8 11.2 17.3 15.5 0.7 5.8 3.3 0.6 1.9 2.8 4.3 ... 5.5 41.7

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/litre US$/litre US$/kg US$/kg US$/litre US$/kg

SITC code 772 764 892 784 112 111 893 036 112 699

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Saint Kitts and Nevis Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2007-2011 2010-2011

40.2 32.9 2.5 -77.6 9.1 -74.6 39.6 85.0

100.0 10.4 0.1 0.0 0.6 0.8 67.6 20.4

246.7 57.6 6.7 6.9 20.4 46.3 66.5 42.3 0.0

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013) Other business ( 29.2 %)

Transportation ( 37.6 %) Travel ( 12.3 %)

Remaining ( 15.6 %)

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 5.3 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.672)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

0

20

0

0

−2

0

−4

0

−6

−8

20

40

60

00 −1

−1

−1

80

100.0 23.3 2.7 2.8 8.3 18.8 27.0 17.2 0.0

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.461)

Top partner

−1

-8.6 9.7 -14.2 -30.3 3.0 -7.8 -8.5 -25.7 258.2

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2011) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −1

-2.4 3.5 1.6 -22.1 1.7 -1.5 -5.8 -0.7 56.3

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2011 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Mln US$ by MDG Regions in 2011) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2007-2011 2010-2011

2011

40

7.1 8.3 37.6 -13.7 26.3 -15.9 1.6 63.0

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

44.9 4.7 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.4 30.4 9.2

2011 share

0%

2011

40

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2011, representing respectively 27.0, 23.3 and 18.8 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2009 to 2011, the largest import commodity was "Articles of jewellery and parts thereof, of precious metal" (HS code 7113) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the United States, Trinidad and Tobago and the United Kingdom, accounting for respectively 67.1, 6.8 and 3.7 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2013 at 47.3 mln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 36.8 mln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 15.5 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2009 to 2011 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 7113 Articles of jewellery and parts thereof, of precious metal........................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 9403 Other furniture and parts thereof.................................................................................. 7326 Other articles of iron or steel........................................................................................ 2106 Food preparations not elsewhere specified or included............................................... 0207 Meat and edible offal, of the poultry of heading 01.05................................................ 8538 Parts suitable for use with the apparatus of heading 85.35, 85.36 or 85.37............... 8502 Electric generating sets and rotary converters............................................................. 2523 Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement.......................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2009

Value (million US$) 2010 2011

295.8 23.7 10.0 10.7 7.7 6.2 6.2 5.5 1.5 3.9 5.9

Source: UN Comtrade

269.8 17.3 9.2 9.0 6.9 5.7 3.8 5.4 3.9 8.2 3.5

246.7 5.3 7.1 6.3 5.9 6.1 7.4 5.8 7.5 0.7 2.9

Unit value 2009 2010 2011 Unit

SITC code

13.5 11.3 5.6 thsd US$/kg 897 thsd US$/unit 781 15.7 17.0 US$/kg 334 0.6 0.7 1.1 17.6 2.3 1.5 21.2

12.9 3.3 1.3 21.4

16.4

5.0 1.5 17.7

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

0.1

0.1

0.1

US$/kg

821 699 098 012 772 716 661

317

Saint Lucia Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of Saint Lucia was 146.3 mln US$, while its merchandise imports was 642.1 mln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 495.8 mln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed North America at -234.8 mln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Saint Lucia were moderately concentrated amongst partners; imports were highly concentrated. The top 5 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 8 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5, and Introduction, paragraphs 19-21). In 2013, the value of exports of services of Saint Lucia increased moderately by 5.0 percent, reaching 409.0 mln US$, while its imports of services decreased slightly by 1.4 percent and reached 187.4 mln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services surplus of 221.6 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Mln US$ by year)

(Mln US$ by year) Exports

800

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

500

Imports

Trade Balance

400

600

300

400

200

200 (na) (na) (na) (na) (na)

(na)

100

0

(na) (na)

0 (na) (na) (na) (na) (na)

(na)

−200

(na) (na)

−100 −200

−400

Exports Profile: "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 20.8, 20.2 and 19.7 percent of exported goods (see table 2). The largest export commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were the United States, Trinidad and Tobago and the United Kingdom, accounting for respectively 44.4, 14.6 and 11.5 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2013 at 354.0 mln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 26.1 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

13

20

12

20

10

09

11

20

20

20

07

08

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

04

−500 03

−800 02

−400

03

−300

−600

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013) Travel ( 86.6 %)

Remaining ( 7.1 %)

Other business ( 6.4 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 2203 Beer made from malt..................................................................................................... 7113 Articles of jewellery and parts thereof, of precious metal........................................... 8529 Parts suitable for use with the apparatus of headings 85.25 to 85.28......................... 2208 Alcohol of a strength by volume of less than 80 % vol................................................ 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 2517 Pebbles, gravel, broken or crushed stone..................................................................... 4819 Cartons, boxes, cases, bags and other packing containers, of paper........................... 2202 Waters with added sugar.............................................................................................. 7117 Imitation jewellery.........................................................................................................

318

Source: UN Comtrade

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

146.3 30.2 14.2 12.5 11.5 7.2 6.0 5.8 4.0 3.4 2.9

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

1.2

US$/kg

0.0 1.6

US$/kg US$/kg US$/litre US$/kg

0.9 US$/litre 5.3 thsd US$/kg US$/kg 52.3 5.1 US$/litre

0.5

118.4

SITC code 334 112 897 764 112 931 273 642 111 897

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Saint Lucia Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

100.0 20.2 5.1 20.8 5.0 8.0 17.0 19.7 4.1

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

642.1 148.9 11.8 158.1 43.7 76.8 121.3 61.7 19.8

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013) Travel ( 24.6 %)

Transportation ( 39.1 %) Other business ( 20.5 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.243)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

40

80

0

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

50

0

0 −5

00 −1

50 −1

00 −2

50 −2

00

100.0 23.2 1.8 24.6 6.8 12.0 18.9 9.6 3.1

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.256)

Top partner

−3

50

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −3

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Mln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014) Imports

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

60

146.3 29.6 7.5 30.4 7.3 11.7 24.9 28.9 6.0

2014 share

0%

2014

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 24.6, 23.2 and 18.9 percent of imported goods (see table 3). The largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the United States, Trinidad and Tobago and the United Kingdom, accounting for respectively 45.5, 20.8 and 4.5 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2013 at 73.3 mln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 46.1 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 38.5 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Remaining ( 15.8 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 0207 Meat and edible offal, of the poultry of heading 01.05................................................ 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 1101 Wheat or meslin flour.................................................................................................... 2523 Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement....................................................... 3923 Articles for the conveyance or packing of goods, of plastics....................................... 0402 Milk and cream, concentrated or containing added sugar...........................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Source: UN Comtrade

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

642.1 145.3 19.8 15.3 14.3 12.6 12.0 10.3 8.3 8.1 7.0

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

3.9

16.1 1.5 0.9 0.2 3.3 2.4

SITC code

US$/kg

334 931 thsd US$/unit 781 US$/kg 012 343 764 US$/kg 046 US$/kg 661 US$/kg 893 US$/kg 022

319

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2012, the value of merchandise exports of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines increased substantially by 12.0 percent to reach 43.0 mln US$, while its merchandise imports increased moderately by 5.2 percent to reach 403.2 mln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 360.2 mln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Latin America and the Caribbean at -148.3 mln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines were diversified amongst partners; imports were moderately concentrated. The top 6 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 7 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2013, exports of services of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines increased slightly by 0.1 percent, reaching 140.7 mln US$, while its imports of services increased by 4.9 percent and reached 91.4 mln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services surplus of 49.3 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Mln US$ by year)

(Mln US$ by year) Exports

500

Imports

Trade Balance

400

Exports

200

Imports

Trade Balance

150

300

100

200

50

100

(na) (na) (na)

(na) (na)

0

0 (na) (na) (na)

−100

(na) (na)

−50

−200

Exports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2012, representing respectively 74.7, 11.6 and 5.8 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2010 to 2012, the largest export commodity was "Wheat or meslin flour" (HS code 1101) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Saint Lucia, Trinidad and Tobago and Barbados, accounting for respectively 22.9, 15.6 and 12.7 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2013 at 92.3 mln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 25.4 mln US$ and "Communications services" (EBOPS code 245) at 9.9 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

12

13

20

20

11

20

09

10

20

20

07

08

20

20

05

06

20

20

04

20

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

05

−200 04

−500 03

−150

02

−400

03

−100

−300

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013) Travel ( 65.6 %)

Other business ( 18.1 %) Remaining ( 3.5 %) Transportation ( 5.7 %)

Communication ( 7.1 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2010 to 2012 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 1101 Wheat or meslin flour.................................................................................................... 0714 Manioc, arrowroot, sweet potatoes and similar roots................................................. 1006 Rice................................................................................................................................ 0803 Bananas, including plantains, fresh or dried................................................................. 2309 Preparations of a kind used in animal feeding.............................................................. 2202 Waters with added sugar.............................................................................................. 4819 Cartons, boxes, cases, bags and other packing containers, of paper........................... 7210 Flat-rolled products of iron or non-alloy steel............................................................... 2203 Beer made from malt..................................................................................................... 7610 Aluminium structures (excluding prefabricated buildings of heading 94.06)...............

320

Source: UN Comtrade

2010

Value (million US$) 2011 2012

41.5 8.6 3.9 3.8 5.9 1.8 2.2 1.8 1.8 0.0 0.8

38.4 10.3 4.3 4.1 1.2 2.8 1.7 2.0 1.7 1.1 0.7

43.0 11.6 5.0 4.4 1.5 3.6 2.0 1.7 1.6 2.3 0.6

Unit value 2010 2011 2012 Unit

0.7 0.6 1.1 0.5 0.4

0.8 0.6 0.9 0.4 0.4

1.3 1.5 1.8 2.1 1.0 1.0 5.7 6.7 1.7 2.1

0.8 0.6 1.1 0.5 0.4

1.1

1.8 2.2

0.8

5.5

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/litre US$/kg US$/kg US$/litre US$/kg

SITC code 046 054 042 057 081 111 642 674 112 691

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2008-2012 2011-2012

12.0 17.6 -16.2 699.7 -15.5 -1.5 -13.8 7.0

100.0 74.7 2.5 1.1 0.5 11.6 5.8 3.7

403.2 96.6 9.7 114.9 27.3 59.3 61.2 34.4

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013) Transportation ( 53.1 %) Travel ( 15.6 %)

Other business ( 8.5 %) Remaining ( 16.6 %)

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 6.2 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.139)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

0%

5 th

10

20

0

0

0

−2

0

−4

0

−6

00

20

40

60

80

−8

−1

−1

−1

−1

00

100.0 24.0 2.4 28.5 6.8 14.7 15.2 8.5

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.208)

Top partner

−1

5.2 7.1 6.6 8.7 6.1 4.2 -0.4 -0.2

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2012) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −2

2.0 3.4 -4.4 20.1 -1.3 -3.1 -8.2 -3.6

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2012 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Mln US$ by MDG Regions in 2012) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2008-2012 2011-2012

2012

%

-4.7 0.0 22.9 -10.5 4.3 1.8 -32.4 -3.1

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8

40

43.0 32.2 1.1 0.5 0.2 5.0 2.5 1.6

2012 share

60

2012

40

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2012, representing respectively 28.5, 24.0 and 15.2 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2010 to 2012, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the United States, Trinidad and Tobago and the United Kingdom, accounting for respectively 34.2, 28.3 and 5.2 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2013 at 48.5 mln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 14.2 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 7.8 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2010 to 2012 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 0207 Meat and edible offal, of the poultry of heading 01.05................................................ 1001 Wheat and meslin......................................................................................................... 2523 Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement....................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 2106 Food preparations not elsewhere specified or included............................................... 9403 Other furniture and parts thereof.................................................................................. 1006 Rice................................................................................................................................ 2202 Waters with added sugar..............................................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2010

Value (million US$) 2011 2012

379.5 78.1 10.0 8.4 7.2 7.5 4.9 5.0 8.0 4.3 3.8

Source: UN Comtrade

383.5 98.0 10.9 10.3 7.7 5.9 7.6 6.6 4.6 4.7 4.8

Unit value 2010 2011 2012 Unit

403.2 109.0 0.6 11.6 1.5 13.0 0.4 7.1 0.1 5.0 14.0 5.8 1.2 6.4 1.3 4.4 6.0 0.8 4.8 1.9

0.8 1.5 0.5 0.1

0.8 1.8 0.5 0.4

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg 17.4 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 2.0 0.8 US$/kg 1.5 1.8

0.7

0.8 0.9 1.4

US$/kg US$/litre

SITC code 334 012 041 661 781 343 098 821 042 111

321

Samoa Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Samoa increased substantially by 15.7 percent to reach 58.9 mln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased slightly by 4.5 percent to reach 370.6 mln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 311.7 mln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Asia-Pacific at -115.9 mln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Samoa were moderately concentrated amongst partners; imports were diversified. The top 4 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 6 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Samoa increased slightly by 2.4 percent, reaching 196.3 mln US$, while its imports of services decreased substantially by 14.5 percent and reached 74.8 mln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services surplus of 121.6 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Mln US$ by year)

(Mln US$ by year) Exports

400

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

200

300

150

200

100

100

50

0

0

−100

−50

−200

−100

−300

−150

−400

−200

Imports

Trade Balance

(na)

Exports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 39.6, 28.6 and 25.3 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Insulated (including enamelled or anodised) wire, cable" (HS code 8544) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Australia, New Zealand and American Samoa, accounting for respectively 48.0, 14.0 and 11.3 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 144.7 mln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 12.5 mln US$ (see graph 3).

14

15 20

12

13

20

20

10

09

11

20

20

20

07

08

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

03

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

(na)

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 73.7 %)

Other business ( 6.4 %) Remaining ( 19.9 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 8544 Insulated (including enamelled or anodised) wire, cable............................................. 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 0303 Fish, frozen, excluding fish fillets and other fish meat of heading 03.04..................... 2203 Beer made from malt..................................................................................................... 2009 Fruit juices (including grape must) and vegetable juices.............................................. 0714 Manioc, arrowroot, sweet potatoes and similar roots................................................. 1513 Coconut (copra), palm kernel or babassu oil................................................................. 0302 Fish, fresh or chilled, excluding fish fillets.................................................................... 0801 Coconuts, Brazil nuts and cashew nuts, fresh or dried.................................................

322

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

62.1 27.8 15.0 1.0 4.3 4.9 1.4 0.6 0.6 0.2 0.8

50.9 19.4 0.0 17.1 1.8 2.5 1.5 1.1 1.5 0.6 0.8

58.9 16.2 14.9 0.0 11.6 2.6 3.0 2.3 1.2 1.4 0.3

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

1.1

1.0

US$/kg

2.4 0.6

1.6 2.5

1.8 1.7

0.7

1.0

2.7 1.1

US$/kg US$/litre US$/kg US$/kg

2.1

2.8

US$/kg

SITC code 773 334 931 034 112 059 054 422 034 057

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Samoa Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

15.7 137.7 24.3 > 71.7 98.8 -19.1 -10.2 -99.8

100.0 39.6 4.6 25.3 0.2 0.6 28.6 1.1 0.1

370.6 97.4 10.8 55.0 29.9 68.9 68.3 40.2 0.1

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Other business ( 17.6 %) Transportation ( 43.8 %) Personal, cultural & rec ( 13.0 %)

Insurance ( 9.0 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.242)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

20

0

0 −2

0 −4

0

0

−6

−8

00 −1

40

20 −1

60

100.0 26.3 2.9 14.8 8.1 18.6 18.4 10.9 0.0

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.142)

Top partner

−1

-4.5 5.7 -16.6 -41.4 13.3 15.3 4.8 10.2 -95.1

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −1

1.7 2.6 -3.4 -7.0 12.4 7.2 -2.2 12.8 -57.2

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Mln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

40

-2.9 14.6 -10.4 5.8 -8.7 -6.2 -16.1 -9.8 -56.9

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

58.9 23.3 2.7 14.9 0.1 0.3 16.8 0.7 0.0

2015 share

0%

2015

40

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 26.3, 18.6 and 18.4 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were New Zealand, Singapore and China, accounting for respectively 26.9, 21.1 and 11.9 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 32.8 mln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 13.2 mln US$ and "Personal, cultural, and recreational services" (EBOPS code 287) at 9.7 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Remaining ( 16.6 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 0207 Meat and edible offal, of the poultry of heading 01.05................................................ 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 3926 Other articles of plastics............................................................................................... 2523 Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement....................................................... 1604 Prepared or preserved fish; caviar................................................................................. 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 4407 Wood sawn or chipped lengthwise, sliced or peeled................................................... 1006 Rice................................................................................................................................ 1701 Cane or beet sugar and chemically pure sucrose, in solid form...................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

366.6 78.4 19.8 6.3 5.2 5.7 6.3 5.7 6.4 6.4 5.8

Source: UN Comtrade

388.0 90.6 19.9 8.2 6.4 5.9 5.6 5.6 6.4 4.4 5.4

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

SITC code

370.6 US$/kg 334 52.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 US$/kg 012 17.0 1.5 1.2 1.4 8.2 52.8 2.7 8.9 thsd US$/unit 781 US$/kg 893 8.1 11.6 12.6 14.5 US$/kg 661 6.9 0.7 0.2 0.2 US$/kg 037 6.2 2.8 1.8 2.0 6.1 2.4 19.7 23.1 thsd US$/unit 782 US$/m3 248 4.3 97.8 134.4 US$/kg 042 6.2 0.5 0.5 0.6 US$/kg 061 4.4 0.1 0.2 0.4

323

Sao Tome and Principe Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of Sao Tome and Principe increased substantially by 51.3 percent to reach 10.5 mln US$, while its merchandise imports increased substantially by 11.6 percent to reach 169.7 mln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 159.2 mln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at -103.7 mln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Sao Tome and Principe were moderately concentrated amongst partners; imports were highly concentrated. The top 5 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 2 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Sao Tome and Principe increased substantially by 93.3 percent, reaching 69.9 mln US$, while its imports of services increased substantially by 75.7 percent and reached 84.4 mln US$ (see graph 2). There was a relatively small trade in services deficit of 14.4 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Mln US$ by year)

(Mln US$ by year) Exports

200

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

100

Imports

Trade Balance

80

150

60

100

40

50

20

(na)

0

(na)

0 (na)

−50

(na)

−20 −40

−100

Exports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 96.9, 1.4 and 0.9 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Cocoa beans, whole or broken, raw or roasted" (HS code 1801) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were the Netherlands, Belgium and Spain, accounting for respectively 29.5, 17.9 and 15.4 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 56.0 mln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 12.0 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

13

20

11

10

09

08

07

12

20

20

20

20

20

20

05

06

20

20

04

20

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

04

−100 03

−200 02

−80

03

−60

−150

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 80.1 %)

Remaining ( 2.8 %)

Other business ( 17.1 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 1801 Cocoa beans, whole or broken, raw or roasted............................................................ 1806 Chocolate and other food preparations containing cocoa............................................ 0801 Coconuts, Brazil nuts and cashew nuts, fresh or dried................................................. 8422 Dish washing machines; machinery for cleaning or drying bottles.............................. 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 0904 Pepper of the genus Piper............................................................................................. 7326 Other articles of iron or steel........................................................................................ 1006 Rice................................................................................................................................ 6309 Worn clothing and other worn articles......................................................................... 0901 Coffee, whether or not roasted or decaffeinated.........................................................

324

Source: UN Comtrade

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

6.0 4.8 0.2 0.1 ... 0.1 0.1 0.2 ... 0.0 0.0

6.9 5.4 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... 0.1 0.0

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

SITC code

10.5 US$/kg 9.3 2.2 2.1 2.9 US$/kg 0.3 33.6 31.1 40.9 0.2 0.0 0.1 24.0 48.2 14.7 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 0.1 8.3 13.2 14.5 US$/kg 0.0 0.2 30.7 US$/kg 0.2 0.6 US$/kg 0.0 5.6 7.2 US$/kg 0.0 4.4 9.5 3.8

072 073 057 745 781 075 699 042 269 071

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Sao Tome and Principe Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 5 6 7 8 9

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

10.5 10.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0

13.3 15.1 -45.1 ... 14.1 -8.4 13.0 -48.1

2014 share

51.3 73.7 -89.3 -96.3 -64.9 -74.9 10.3 ...

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

100.0 96.9 0.2 0.0 0.5 1.4 0.9 0.0

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

169.7 51.2 5.7 38.7 8.7 22.7 31.1 11.5 0.0

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance

10.9 13.5 8.4 21.0 10.8 14.2 0.5 5.5 -36.1

SITC Legend SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

11.6 20.1 -8.1 -2.9 3.9 25.8 12.2 25.3 130.8

100.0 30.2 3.4 22.8 5.1 13.4 18.3 6.8 0.0

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Mln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014)

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014)

Imports

Exports

Trade balance

Developed Asia−Pacific

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.425)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.168)

Developed Europe

Top partner

Top partner

Developed N. America

5 th

5 th

10 th

10 th

15 th

15 th

20 th

20 th

25 th

25 th

Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia

(% share in 2014) Transportation ( 30.8 %)

Other business ( 36.5 %)

Travel ( 19.6 %) Remaining ( 4.3 %)

%

0% 10

80

%

%

60

40

% 20

0%

% 20

%

%

40

%

60

80

10

0

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category

10

0

0

0

0

0

0

−1

−2

−3

−4

−5

0

−6

0

−7

0

−8

00

−9

10

−1

−1

−1

20

Western Asia

0%

South−eastern Asia

Imports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 30.2, 22.8 and 18.3 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Portugal, Angola and Belgium, accounting for respectively 57.8, 22.9 and 2.3 percent of total imports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 30.8 mln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 26.0 mln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 16.5 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 8.8 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 2204 Wine of fresh grapes, including fortified wines........................................................... 1006 Rice................................................................................................................................ 2523 Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement....................................................... 1101 Wheat or meslin flour.................................................................................................... 1507 Soya-bean oil and its fractions...................................................................................... 0207 Meat and edible offal, of the poultry of heading 01.05................................................ 2202 Waters with added sugar.............................................................................................. 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

141.3 35.2 6.5 5.2 5.2 3.3 4.2 3.9 2.3 2.4 1.0

Source: UN Comtrade

152.1 39.5 4.7 5.4 4.9 3.8 4.3 3.6 2.7 3.1 3.3

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

169.7 US$/kg 37.9 1.1 1.5 1.0 7.0 21.8 17.7 20.7 thsd US$/unit 6.1 1.3 1.3 1.5 US$/litre US$/kg 6.5 0.8 0.7 0.8 US$/kg 5.7 0.2 0.1 0.2 US$/kg 4.0 0.6 0.6 0.6 US$/kg 3.1 1.5 1.4 1.4 US$/kg 4.6 1.9 2.0 2.1 3.4 0.9 0.1 1.0 US$/litre 3.6

SITC code 334 781 112 042 661 046 421 012 111 764

325

Saudi Arabia Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Saudi Arabia decreased substantially by 41.1 percent to reach 201.5 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased slightly by 2.6 percent to reach 163.8 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a moderate surplus of 37.7 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Eastern Asia at 68.3 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Saudi Arabia were highly concentrated amongst partners; imports were diversified. The top 6 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 20 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Saudi Arabia increased moderately by 5.7 percent, reaching 12.5 bln US$, while its imports of services increased substantially by 31.2 percent and reached 100.5 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services deficit of 88.0 bln US$. See footnote*.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year)

Exports Profile: "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3), "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) and "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 75.9, 14.8 and 3.6 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude" (HS code 2709) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Other Asia nes, North and Central America, Caribbean nes and Rest of Europe nes, accounting for respectively 54.8, 13.2 and 10.7 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 8.2 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 2.9 bln US$ (see graph 3).

14

15 20

12

13

20

20

10

09

11

20

20

20

07

08

20

20

06

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−400

20

−300

05

−200

Trade Balance

(na)

20

−100

Imports

(na)

04

0

20

100

03

200

20

300

Exports

120 100 80 60 40 20 0 −20 −40 −60 −80 −100 −120 02

Trade Balance

20

400

Imports

20

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 65.8 %)

Transportation ( 23.1 %) Remaining ( 11.1 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) Unit value 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2013 2014 2015 2013 2014 2015 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 375 873.3 341 947.2 201 491.8 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 293 994.6 250 522.8 129 745.7 0.8 0.7 0.4 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 19 061.0 25 787.7 17 417.1 0.8 0.7 0.4 3901 Polymers of ethylene, in primary forms......................................................................... 9 301.0 10 336.1 8 286.4 1.3 1.3 1.1 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 7 849.0 6 868.6 4 090.0 0.9 0.8 0.4 3902 Polymers of propylene or of other olefins, in primary forms......................................... 5 714.9 6 465.8 5 133.3 1.4 1.4 1.1 2909 Ethers, ether-alcohols, ether-phenols, ether-alcohol-phenols...................................... 5 602.8 5 541.0 4 377.1 0.9 0.9 0.7 2905 Acyclic alcohols and their derivatives........................................................................... 3 405.3 3 410.7 2 377.8 0.5 0.5 2902 Cyclic hydrocarbons....................................................................................................... 2 148.8 2 393.1 1 750.4 1.4 1.5 0.9 8904 Tugs and pusher craft.................................................................................................... 1 105.5 1 748.6 2 029.3 2814 Ammonia, anhydrous or in aqueous solution................................................................ 1 302.5 2 064.0 1 245.1 0.5 0.5 0.5 HS code

Unit US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

SITC code 333 334 571 343 575 516 512 511 793 522

*Major export partners were defined as regions only and resulted in high partner concentration for exports in graph 5.

326

Source: UN Comtrade

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Saudi Arabia Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-41.1 0.3 -8.7 -46.3 -22.0 -3.5 4.0 -17.7 -3.8

100.0 1.7 0.7 75.9 14.8 2.6 3.6 0.5 0.2

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

163 821.0 21 206.4 3 990.5 1 215.0 16 316.4 25 683.9 74 984.1 15 325.6 5 099.0

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 24.0 %)

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 37.7 %) Transportation ( 19.8 %)

Remaining ( 10.6 %)

Other business ( 7.9 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.258)

Top partner

25 th 10

80

60

40

20

20

40

0%

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

%

15 th

0%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

%

0 12

0 10

80

60

40

20

0

0 −2

0

100.0 12.9 2.4 0.7 10.0 15.7 45.8 9.4 3.1

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.062)

Top partner

−4

0

-2.6 -5.9 -20.5 -52.5 -2.1 -14.3 4.3 2.3 9.8

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −6

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

5.6 3.8 -4.3 37.9 5.6 0.1 8.2 8.5 7.8

60

-13.8 2.1 15.6 -16.7 -0.7 2.3 7.1 -8.6 -11.7

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

80

201 491.8 3 477.7 1 331.1 152 926.1 29 788.1 5 306.9 7 215.3 1 096.9 349.7

2015 share

0%

2015

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 45.8, 15.7 and 12.9 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport" (HS code 8703) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were China, the United States and Germany, accounting for respectively 13.7, 13.1 and 7.3 percent of total imports. "Government services, n.i.e." (EBOPS code 291) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 37.9 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 24.1 bln US$ and "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 19.9 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2013 2014 2015 2013 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 163 712.8 168 239.6 163 821.0 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 16 089.8 16 050.8 17 643.3 22.4 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 6 951.3 7 255.5 7 646.3 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 4 472.7 4 626.7 5 085.2 42.9 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 3 760.2 3 550.2 3 868.2 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 3 653.6 3 276.7 3 484.2 1003 Barley............................................................................................................................. 3 249.6 1 993.3 1 469.7 0.3 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 2 188.2 2 240.1 2 005.1 8803 Parts of goods of heading 88.01 or 88.02..................................................................... 1 633.2 1 697.9 2 872.7 426.0 8481 Taps, cocks, valves and similar appliances for pipes, boiler shells.............................. 2 060.9 2 129.1 1 835.6 17.4 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 1 838.4 2 018.8 1 951.4 8.7 HS code

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Source: UN Comtrade

Unit value 2014 2015 Unit

SITC code

21.9 22.7 thsd US$/unit 781 41.1 26.3 thsd US$/kg US$/kg 66.2 0.3

0.2

US$/kg

462.3 19.7 15.3 8.5 7.4

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

764 971 542 782 043 752 792 747 784

327

Senegal Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of Senegal increased moderately by 5.5 percent to reach 2.8 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased slightly by 1.5 percent to reach 6.6 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 3.7 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at -2.2 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Senegal were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 19 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 18 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2013, the value of exports of services of Senegal increased moderately by 8.3 percent, reaching 1.3 bln US$, while its imports of services increased moderately by 8.2 percent and reached 1.4 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a relatively small trade in services deficit of 114.7 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

8

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

1.5

6

Imports

Trade Balance

1

4 0.5

2 (na)

(na) (na)

0

0 (na)

−2

(na) (na)

−0.5

−4 −1

−6 −8

Exports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 31.8, 16.4 and 13.1 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Mali, Switzerland and Bunkers, ship stores, accounting for respectively 16.1, 10.5 and 9.1 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2013 at 438.7 mln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 199.9 mln US$ and "Government services, n.i.e." (EBOPS code 291) at 152.5 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

13

20

12

20

11

20

09

08

07

10

20

20

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

03

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−1.5

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013)

Other business ( 15.2 %)

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 11.6 %) Transportation ( 11.0 %)

Travel ( 33.3 %)

Remaining ( 28.9 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 2523 Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement....................................................... 2809 Diphosphorus pentaoxide; phosphoric acid.................................................................. 0303 Fish, frozen, excluding fish fillets and other fish meat of heading 03.04..................... 2104 Soups and broths and preparations therefor................................................................ 0302 Fish, fresh or chilled, excluding fish fillets.................................................................... 2402 Cigars, cheroots, cigarillos and cigarettes.................................................................... 0307 Molluscs, whether in shell or not.................................................................................. 2403 Other manufactured tobacco and tobacco substitutes.................................................

328

Source: UN Comtrade

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

2 531.7 351.3 351.0 219.2 274.9 107.2 86.7 58.2 49.1 65.7 23.9

2 665.9 431.2 329.0 165.4 165.2 151.0 122.8 57.0 51.0 31.3 48.3

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

2 813.7 US$/kg 446.2 1.0 1.0 0.9 345.6 44.5 36.1 34.1 thsd US$/kg US$/kg 185.7 0.1 0.1 0.1 US$/kg 103.8 0.8 0.6 0.6 US$/kg 212.7 1.3 1.3 1.8 US$/kg 118.0 2.5 2.4 2.5 US$/kg 68.4 9.8 10.9 10.8 US$/kg 48.5 18.3 21.5 22.5 US$/kg 51.3 5.4 4.0 4.9 US$/kg 49.8 12.6 14.3 15.7

SITC code 334 971 661 522 034 098 034 122 036 122

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Senegal Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

5.5 11.5 11.8 -0.9 -10.1 -5.9 50.3 27.1 4.9

100.0 31.8 8.1 16.4 9.5 13.1 5.8 3.0 12.3

6 556.7 1 301.9 326.3 1 928.3 665.9 723.8 1 285.8 321.2 3.5

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013) Transportation ( 55.6 %) Travel ( 10.5 %)

Insurance ( 9.0 %)

Remaining ( 15.9 %)

Other business ( 9.0 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.061)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

0%

1

0.5

0

.5 −0

−1

.5 −1

−2

.5

100.0 19.9 5.0 29.4 10.2 11.0 19.6 4.9 0.1

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.061)

Top partner

−2

-1.5 -7.6 2.9 -0.8 7.6 -2.3 -6.9 30.3 31.7

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −3

8.2 8.3 5.9 7.8 14.8 6.4 6.4 13.7 9.0

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

40

7.7 16.6 7.6 1.4 -4.6 2.8 13.9 18.9 14.1

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

2 813.7 894.3 226.8 461.0 267.5 367.8 163.3 85.8 347.2

2014 share

10

2014

1.5

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 29.4, 19.9 and 19.6 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were France, Nigeria and China, accounting for respectively 15.5, 10.1 and 6.9 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2013 at 796.2 mln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 149.7 mln US$ and "Insurance services" (EBOPS code 253) at 129.5 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 1006 Rice................................................................................................................................ 1001 Wheat and meslin......................................................................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 1901 Malt extract; food preparations of flour........................................................................ 1511 Palm oil and its fractions............................................................................................... 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods....................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

6 434.2 907.8 753.0 449.6 189.1 165.4 155.5 91.3 115.5 91.6 107.8

Source: UN Comtrade

6 659.4 1 070.6 699.8 461.6 191.7 171.3 168.4 118.0 112.0 105.2 87.6

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

6 556.7 US$/kg 1 212.7 0.9 0.9 0.8 US$/kg 522.1 0.9 0.9 0.8 US$/kg 414.8 0.4 0.4 0.4 US$/kg 176.7 0.4 0.4 0.3 US$/kg 187.1 20.2 20.0 20.1 161.1 24.5 23.8 23.1 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 136.2 2.6 2.8 2.8 US$/kg 115.1 1.3 1.2 1.0 US$/kg 108.4 0.9 1.0 1.0 102.7

SITC code 334 333 042 041 542 781 098 422 343 782

329

Serbia Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Serbia decreased moderately by 10.0 percent to reach 13.4 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 11.6 percent to reach 18.2 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a moderate deficit of 4.9 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at -3.1 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Serbia were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 16 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 19 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Serbia increased substantially by 10.1 percent, reaching 3.6 bln US$, while its imports of services increased moderately by 7.5 percent and reached 3.3 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a relatively small trade in services surplus of 290.0 mln US$. See footnote*.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

25

Imports

Trade Balance

20

Trade Balance

2

10

1 (na) (na)

(na)

0

0 (na) (na)

(na)

−1

−10

Exports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 29.1, 21.5 and 18.9 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport" (HS code 8703) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Italy, Germany and Bosnia and Herzegovina, accounting for respectively 16.6, 12.1 and 8.6 percent of total exports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 881.0 mln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 863.0 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 825.0 mln US$ (see graph 3).

14

15 20

12

13

20

20

11

20

10

20

09

20

07

08

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

20

02 20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

05

−4 04

−25 03

−3

02

−20

03

−2

−15

20

−5

Imports

3

15

5

Exports

4

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 24.3 %) Other business ( 23.2 %) Transportation ( 24.8 %) Computer & information ( 9.8 %) Construction ( 8.6 %)

Remaining ( 9.4 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 8544 Insulated (including enamelled or anodised) wire, cable............................................. 4011 New pneumatic tyres, of rubber.................................................................................... 1005 Maize (corn)................................................................................................................... 0811 Fruit and nuts................................................................................................................. 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 6115 Panty hose, tights, stockings, socks and other hosiery................................................. 8503 Parts suitable for use principally with the machines of heading 85.01........................ 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 7208 Flat-rolled products of iron or non-alloy steel...............................................................

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

14 610.8 1 946.6 561.4 394.0 210.7 318.9 268.2 274.1 222.2 236.7 138.2

14 843.3 1 780.3 547.0 398.8 507.2 363.3 321.3 261.8 258.6 237.4 192.1

13 365.2 1 301.0 506.1 397.1 389.3 379.4 184.9 191.7 245.5 210.4 234.3

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

SITC code

12.1 12.9 13.5 thsd US$/unit 781 US$/kg 773 14.3 14.4 12.8 0.3

2.3 0.8 23.7 8.1 16.1 0.6

0.2 2.2 0.8

21.7 8.2 15.5 0.6

2.1 0.6 16.9 6.5 12.4 0.4

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

625 044 058 334 846 716 542 673

*Special trade system up to 2008.

330

Source: UN Comtrade

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Serbia Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

3.2 4.2 -8.0 -5.2 3.1 -4.6 18.6 4.2 -15.2

-10.0 -8.6 -12.8 -31.3 -5.3 -7.7 -13.0 -9.3 68.4

100.0 18.9 4.5 2.8 8.4 21.5 29.1 13.2 1.5

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

18 215.9 1 299.6 768.5 2 074.3 2 617.6 3 223.7 4 807.7 1 303.2 2 121.4

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.056)

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 27.2 %)

Other business ( 21.0 %) Transportation ( 27.2 %) Computer & information ( 5.4 %) Remaining ( 19.2 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.068)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

6

4

2

0

−2

−4

−6

−8

Top partner

0

100.0 7.1 4.2 11.4 14.4 17.7 26.4 7.2 11.6

40

Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −1

-11.6 -10.5 11.2 -28.3 -11.8 -11.1 -6.7 -17.3 -5.7

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015)

Imports

2

-2.1 2.3 -1.7 -13.5 -3.1 -3.8 1.5 -2.9 10.9

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015)

−1

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

60

13 365.2 2 526.8 607.9 379.9 1 128.7 2 870.6 3 886.5 1 760.5 204.2

2015 share

0%

2015

8

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 26.4, 17.7 and 14.4 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Commodities not specified according to kind" (HS code 9999) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Germany, Italy and the Russian Federation, accounting for respectively 11.7, 11.1 and 10.1 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 890.0 mln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 889.0 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 686.0 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 8544 Insulated (including enamelled or anodised) wire, cable............................................. 3923 Articles for the conveyance or packing of goods, of plastics.......................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

20 551.0 1 295.4 1 646.3 1 321.6 923.8 636.0 586.0 545.0 311.0 281.4 191.3

Source: UN Comtrade

20 608.6 2 248.5 1 425.9 1 105.7 807.5 569.2 666.5 466.7 281.2 221.1 203.7

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

18 215.9 2 121.2 US$/kg 1 059.8 7.9 7.6 6.1 US$/kg 766.1 0.8 0.8 0.4 US$/kg 617.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 US$/kg 477.1 63.9 58.5 50.5 US$/kg 397.8 1.0 0.9 0.6 516.3 17.4 17.3 18.7 thsd US$/unit 297.5 US$/kg 197.1 13.5 13.0 9.9 US$/kg 80.7 3.1 2.8 2.7

SITC code 931 784 333 343 542 334 781 764 773 893

331

Sierra Leone Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of Sierra Leone reached 279.3 mln US$, while its merchandise imports reached 2.1 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 1.8 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Sub-Saharan Africa at -848.4 mln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Sierra Leone were highly concentrated amongst partners; imports were moderately concentrated. The top 1 partner accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 8 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Sierra Leone increased slightly by 1.6 percent, reaching 187.5 mln US$, while its imports of services increased substantially by 86.1 percent and reached 1.2 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services deficit of 1.0 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year)

Exports Profile: "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 86.5, 6.1 and 4.0 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Tin ores and concentrates" (HS code 2609) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were China, Guinea and the Netherlands, accounting for respectively 86.4, 3.0 and 2.8 percent of total exports. "Communications services" (EBOPS code 245) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 126.8 mln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 34.6 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

13

20

12

20

10

11

20

20

09

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−2.5

20

−2

08

−1.5

20

−1

(na)

07

(na)

20

(na) (na) (na) (na) (na) (na) (na) (na)

06

(na) (na)

20

−0.5

Trade Balance

(na)

05

(na)

Imports

20

(na) (na) (na) (na) (na) (na) (na) (na)

04

(na) (na)

0

20

1 0.5

03

1.5

20

2

Exports

1.4 1.2 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 −0.2 −0.4 −0.6 −0.8 −1 −1.2 −1.4 02

Trade Balance

20

2.5

Imports

20

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Communication ( 67.6 %)

Travel ( 18.5 %)

Remaining ( 13.9 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2609 Tin ores and concentrates............................................................................................. 3923 Articles for the conveyance or packing of goods, of plastics....................................... 1802 Cocoa shells, husks, skins and other cocoa waste....................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 8429 Self-propelled bulldozers, angledozers, graders, levellers, scrapers........................... 7204 Ferrous waste and scrap; remelting scrap ingots of iron or steel................................ 8709 Works trucks, self-propelled, not fitted with lifting or handling equipment................ 2005 Other vegetables prepared or preserved....................................................................... 8427 Fork-lift trucks; other works trucks fitted with lifting or handling equipment.............. 3924 Tableware, kitchenware, other household articles and toilet articles.........................

332

Source: UN Comtrade

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

279.3 236.6 6.3 5.4 4.9 4.2 4.1 4.0 2.3 2.0 1.8

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

US$/kg 36.4 US$/kg 15.1 9.1 thsd US$/unit 57.4 thsd US$/unit

3.6

US$/kg

5.5

US$/kg

SITC code 287 893 072 781 723 282 744 056 744 893

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Sierra Leone Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

100.0 4.0 86.5 0.0 0.0 0.4 6.1 3.0 0.0

2 056.8 218.8 23.5 787.5 138.1 221.7 517.1 149.6 0.5

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category Other business ( 75.6 %)

Remaining ( 8.2 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.749)

Top partner

0% 10

80

60

40

20

20

80

%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

0%

15 th

%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

0%

5 th

0 10 0 20 0 30 0

00

00

00 −1

−2

00

−3

00

00

00

00

−4

−5

−6

−7

00

100.0 10.6 1.1 38.3 6.7 10.8 25.1 7.3 0.0

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.169)

Top partner

−8

−9

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia

(% share in 2014)

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Mln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

40

279.3 11.2 241.5 0.0 0.0 1.1 17.2 8.3 0.0

2014 share

60

2014

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 38.3, 25.1 and 10.8 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Benin, Belgium and China, accounting for respectively 35.6, 14.2 and 8.2 percent of total imports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 912.7 mln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 196.5 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Transportation ( 16.3 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 8421 Centrifuges, including centrifugal dryers...................................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 3917 Tubes, pipes and hoses, and fittings therefor............................................................... 8536 Electrical apparatus for switching or protecting electrical circuits.............................. 8431 Parts suitable for use principally with the machinery of headings 84.25..................... 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 1905 Bread, pastry, cakes, biscuits and other bakers' wares................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Source: UN Comtrade

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

2 056.8 786.8 116.0 54.5 45.9 33.0 18.4 17.1 16.6 15.9 15.7

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

SITC code

US$/kg 334 18.1 34.9 thsd US$/unit 781

86.1 45.4 12.6

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

782 743 542 581 772 723 784 048

333

Singapore Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Singapore decreased substantially by 15.4 percent to reach 346.6 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 19.0 percent to reach 296.7 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small surplus of 49.9 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG South-eastern Asia at 38.7 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Singapore were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 14 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 15 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Singapore increased slightly by 2.5 percent, reaching 132.4 bln US$, while its imports of services ERROR - NO SIGNIF CHANGE slightly by 0.0 percent and reached 140.9 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a relatively small trade in services deficit of 8.5 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

500

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

150

Imports

Trade Balance

400 100

300 200

50

100

(na)

0

0

(na)

−100 −50

−200 −300

−100

−400

Exports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) and "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 51.2, 13.6 and 12.6 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Electronic integrated circuits" (HS code 8542) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were China, Malaysia and China, Hong Kong SAR, accounting for respectively 12.6, 11.7 and 11.2 percent of total exports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 44.9 bln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 32.8 bln US$ and "Financial services" (EBOPS code 260) at 20.5 bln US$ (see graph 3).

14

13

15 20

20

12

20

10

11

20

20

08

07

09

20

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

03

20

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

02

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−150

−500

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Other business ( 24.8 %)

Transportation ( 33.9 %)

Financial ( 15.5 %)

Travel ( 14.5 %) Remaining ( 11.3 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) Unit value 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2013 2014 2015 2013 2014 2015 Unit All Commodities............................................................................................................ 410 249.7 409 768.7 346 638.0 8542 Electronic integrated circuits......................................................................................... 83 052.4 83 704.7 75 750.9 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 69 253.4 66 116.3 42 006.7 0.9 0.8 0.5 US$/kg 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 33 134.5 32 228.1 19 839.0 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 9 723.5 9 293.1 10 063.3 126.8 82.9 123.8 US$/unit 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 8 628.7 8 501.3 10 229.9 8541 Diodes, transistors and similar semiconductor devices................................................ 6 830.9 7 962.5 8 478.8 8443 Printing machinery used for printing by means of the printing type, blocks................ 6 874.8 5 914.5 5 681.9 8473 Parts and accessories for use with machines of heading 84.69 to 84.72.................... 7 151.8 6 371.5 4 873.8 8803 Parts of goods of heading 88.01 or 88.02..................................................................... 6 229.4 5 571.3 6 038.5 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 5 061.9 5 519.3 5 104.0 HS code

334

Source: UN Comtrade

SITC code 776 334 931 752 764 776 726 759 792 542

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Singapore Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-15.4 -3.3 -7.1 -36.5 -11.0 -16.4 -5.4 -17.4 -37.1

100.0 2.9 0.8 12.6 13.6 4.1 51.2 8.7 6.1

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

296 744.6 11 270.2 3 310.4 64 575.5 22 409.9 20 431.2 141 154.1 25 938.3 7 655.1

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Other business ( 26.6 %)

Travel ( 17.0 %) Transportation ( 27.9 %)

Remaining ( 7.5 %)

Royalties & lic. fees ( 15.8 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.067)

Top partner

25 th 10

80

60

40

20

20

40

0%

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

%

15 th

0%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

%

0

0

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category

12

10

80

60

40

20

0

0

0

−2

0

−4

0

−6

100.0 3.8 1.1 21.8 7.6 6.9 47.6 8.7 2.6

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.068)

Top partner

−8

00

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −1

-19.0 -8.5 -13.5 -43.1 -12.2 -18.3 -6.8 -6.6 10.4

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

(% share in 2014)

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

-5.1 0.6 -5.8 -14.2 -3.0 -4.3 -1.5 0.5 5.3

60

-4.1 4.5 -2.3 -14.3 -2.2 -2.6 -1.4 1.5 -11.1

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

80

346 638.0 9 924.2 2 793.9 43 636.1 47 126.1 14 168.4 177 531.9 30 275.0 21 182.4

2015 share

0%

2015

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 47.6, 21.8 and 8.7 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were China, Malaysia and the United States, accounting for respectively 12.6, 10.9 and 10.6 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 39.3 bln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 37.5 bln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 23.9 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Computer & information ( 5.2 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) Unit value 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2013 2014 2015 2013 2014 2015 Unit All Commodities............................................................................................................ 373 015.7 366 247.3 296 744.6 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 74 603.6 72 328.8 42 573.7 0.7 0.7 0.4 US$/kg 8542 Electronic integrated circuits......................................................................................... 59 380.1 58 342.4 53 054.5 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 35 538.7 34 326.2 18 202.8 0.8 0.8 0.4 US$/kg 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 9 365.2 8 511.0 8 420.6 8411 Turbo-jets, turbo-propellers and other gas turbines..................................................... 7 720.1 7 510.4 6 202.0 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 6 558.9 6 076.1 6 185.7 79.0 71.0 88.1 US$/unit 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... US$/kg 6 532.0 6 639.7 3 615.6 0.7 0.7 0.4 8473 Parts and accessories for use with machines of heading 84.69 to 84.72.................... 5 716.7 5 351.0 4 868.9 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 5 947.8 4 901.0 4 497.9 8541 Diodes, transistors and similar semiconductor devices................................................ 4 681.1 4 936.6 5 096.5 HS code

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Source: UN Comtrade

SITC code 334 776 333 764 714 752 343 759 931 776

335

Slovakia Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Slovakia decreased substantially by 12.5 percent to reach 75.3 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 10.1 percent to reach 73.1 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small surplus of 2.1 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at 15.6 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Slovakia were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 13 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and the same number of partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Slovakia increased slightly by 0.2 percent, reaching 8.6 bln US$, while its imports of services increased slightly by 4.8 percent and reached 8.6 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a relatively small trade in services surplus of 37.3 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year)

14

15 20

13

20

11

10

12

20

20

20

09

20

07

08

20

20

05

06

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

−10 04

−100

Trade Balance

(na)

03

−8

Imports

(na)

02

−6

−80

15

−60

14

−4

13

−40

12

−2

11

−20

10

0

09

0

08

2

07

4

20

06

40

05

6

04

60

03

8

02

80

Exports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 59.6, 16.7 and 9.6 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport" (HS code 8703) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Germany, the Czech Republic and Poland, accounting for respectively 21.8, 12.9 and 8.2 percent of total exports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 2.7 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 2.6 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 1.8 bln US$ (see graph 3).

Exports

10

20

Trade Balance

20

100

Imports

20

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 30.0 %)

Transportation ( 31.1 %)

Other business ( 21.3 %)

Remaining ( 10.7 %)

Computer & information ( 6.8 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 8528 Reception apparatus for television............................................................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8707 Bodies (including cabs), for the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05................ 4011 New pneumatic tyres, of rubber.................................................................................... 8544 Insulated (including enamelled or anodised) wire, cable............................................. 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 7208 Flat-rolled products of iron or non-alloy steel...............................................................

336

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

85 184.2 14 446.9 7 034.9 4 082.9 3 597.1 3 878.6 2 252.9 1 716.0 1 312.0 1 313.1 1 239.8

85 976.3 14 883.2 7 238.9 4 312.3 3 943.0 3 057.5 1 966.4 1 679.6 1 355.2 1 266.8 1 176.2

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

SITC code

75 256.9 14 058.7 14.5 14.6 13.0 thsd US$/unit 781 761 5 857.6 381.0 379.7 351.2 US$/unit 764 3 867.2 US$/kg 784 3 937.4 9.0 9.0 8.0 US$/kg 334 2 071.1 0.9 0.9 0.5 1 978.5 1.8 2.1 11.8 thsd US$/unit 784 625 1 802.0 98.6 96.8 83.9 US$/unit US$/kg 773 1 171.7 13.4 16.0 13.3 752 1 018.2 213.1 169.8 139.3 US$/unit US$/kg 673 787.4 0.7 0.6 0.5

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Slovakia Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-12.5 -15.7 -20.2 -31.0 -14.5 -13.4 -9.9 -13.0 -25.1

100.0 3.4 2.0 3.7 4.6 16.7 59.6 9.6 0.3

73 147.0 3 883.9 1 828.5 5 897.3 6 456.9 10 957.7 34 607.5 9 247.5 267.6

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category Transportation ( 26.7 %)

Travel ( 28.8 %)

Remaining ( 8.4 %)

Other business ( 21.0 %)

Royalties & lic. fees ( 7.9 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.093)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

0

0

0

0

0 −1

−2

−3

−4

100.0 5.3 2.5 8.1 8.8 15.0 47.3 12.6 0.4

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.072)

Top partner

(% share in 2014)

-10.1 -14.1 -26.2 -30.1 -10.1 -12.3 -4.0 -6.9 4.4

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −5

-1.2 -3.4 -11.9 -15.0 -1.1 -2.0 3.1 2.4 2.2

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

40

-1.0 -5.1 -9.7 -13.6 -2.5 -3.8 1.8 -1.4 12.3

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

75 256.9 2 572.3 1 503.5 2 801.1 3 498.8 12 553.2 44 884.7 7 226.9 216.4

2015 share

0%

2015

70

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 47.3, 15.0 and 12.6 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05" (HS code 8708) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Germany, the Czech Republic and Rest of Europe nes, accounting for respectively 15.7, 10.9 and 9.0 percent of total imports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 2.5 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 2.3 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 1.8 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Computer & information ( 7.1 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 8529 Parts suitable for use with the apparatus of headings 85.25 to 85.28......................... 9013 Liquid crystal devices.................................................................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude...................................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

81 295.1 7 306.2 4 876.9 4 529.0 3 473.6 1 601.8 1 747.5 1 880.3 1 642.3 1 468.2 1 781.1

Source: UN Comtrade

81 354.2 7 384.1 4 994.7 3 885.8 2 354.9 2 077.7 1 791.6 1 738.2 1 604.9 1 503.4 1 403.3

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

73 147.0 US$/kg 7 410.6 3.7 3.6 3.9 4 884.9 US$/kg 2 440.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 US$/kg 1 772.5 0.6 0.5 0.9 2 080.4 5.7 5.1 2.9 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 1 569.8 34.5 35.4 32.1 1 481.3 US$/kg 1 385.4 90.3 103.2 82.8 1 270.1 135.0 126.6 124.8 US$/unit US$/kg 962.4 1.3 1.0 0.8

SITC code 784 764 333 343 781 764 871 542 752 334

337

Slovenia Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Slovenia decreased substantially by 12.8 percent to reach 26.6 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 14.3 percent to reach 25.8 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small surplus of 852.1 mln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Eastern Asia at -2.0 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Slovenia were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 16 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 18 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Slovenia increased slightly by 4.8 percent, reaching 7.1 bln US$, while its imports of services increased moderately by 7.5 percent and reached 4.9 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services surplus of 2.3 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

40

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

8

30

6

20

4

10

2

0

0

−10

−2

−20

−4

−30

−6

−40

−8

Imports

Trade Balance

(na)

Exports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 37.4, 21.0 and 17.3 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06)" (HS code 3004) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Germany, Italy and Austria, accounting for respectively 20.3, 11.6 and 8.6 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 2.7 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 2.0 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 1.0 bln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

12

13

20

20

10

09

11

20

20

20

07

08

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

03

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

(na)

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Transportation ( 28.3 %)

Travel ( 38.3 %)

Other business ( 14.5 %) Remaining ( 7.6 %)

Communication ( 6.0 %) Construction ( 5.2 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 2716 Electrical energy............................................................................................................ 8512 Electrical lighting or signalling equipment.................................................................... 8516 Electric instantaneous or storage water heaters and immersion heaters.................... 4011 New pneumatic tyres, of rubber.................................................................................... 9401 Seats (other than those of heading 94.02).................................................................... 8503 Parts suitable for use principally with the machines of heading 85.01........................

338

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

28 628.7 2 723.1 2 064.6 1 165.1 778.5 677.9 446.2 486.1 421.1 401.0 370.0

30 522.1 2 873.7 2 610.5 1 187.0 851.1 545.5 491.9 412.3 414.5 409.4 345.1

26 616.0 2 410.0 2 373.1 802.6 860.4 439.1 481.0 340.9 354.2 329.6 279.0

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

SITC code

US$/kg 94.4 90.7 73.2 11.5 12.3 7.2 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 1.1 1.0 0.6 US$/kg 7.4 7.3 6.9 58.2 51.9 44.5 US$/MWh

542 781 334 784 351 778 775 625 821 716

53.3 47.0 39.1 7.9

8.6

7.7

US$/unit US$/kg

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Slovenia Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-12.8 -7.6 -17.0 -24.5 -16.3 -12.5 -10.0 -10.6 -7.6

100.0 4.2 3.8 5.3 17.3 21.0 37.4 10.6 0.4

25 763.9 2 146.3 1 513.7 2 665.3 3 875.0 4 873.2 8 097.8 2 495.9 96.7

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category Transportation ( 21.5 %) Travel ( 20.0 %)

Other business ( 27.4 %)

Remaining ( 15.9 %)

Communication ( 8.8 %) Construction ( 6.4 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.079)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

20

15

10

5

0

−5

−1

0

5 −1

0

100.0 8.3 5.9 10.3 15.0 18.9 31.4 9.7 0.4

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.073)

Top partner

(% share in 2014)

-14.3 -11.0 -16.7 -31.3 -13.0 -11.8 -10.6 -11.2 7.7

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −2

-4.7 -1.9 -6.8 -13.5 -2.0 -5.0 -2.2 -4.2 -9.5

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

40

-2.1 1.8 -3.2 -4.0 -0.9 -4.4 -1.6 -1.6 12.1

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

26 616.0 1 118.1 1 008.6 1 414.3 4 608.6 5 585.3 9 962.2 2 809.1 109.7

2015 share

0%

2015

25

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 31.4, 18.9 and 15.0 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Germany, Italy and Austria, accounting for respectively 16.9, 15.0 and 8.6 percent of total imports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 1.3 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 1.0 bln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 972.5 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 2716 Electrical energy............................................................................................................ 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 7601 Unwrought aluminium................................................................................................... 7204 Ferrous waste and scrap; remelting scrap ingots of iron or steel................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

29 375.4 3 220.0 1 533.3 926.7 614.2 515.5 363.6 523.9 293.2 287.7 296.1

Source: UN Comtrade

30 049.3 2 933.5 1 894.8 987.6 693.4 500.2 439.7 280.9 337.9 317.6 326.4

25 763.9 1 787.8 1 540.3 896.8 724.0 424.9 422.2 323.9 345.5 264.2 235.0

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

SITC code

US$/kg 1.0 0.9 0.5 15.0 15.8 11.6 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 84.2 88.6 76.5 US$/kg 6.8 7.1 6.5 US$/kg 0.6 0.6 0.4

59.7 58.8 46.1 23.4 23.6 6.7 2.3 2.3 2.1 0.5 0.6 0.5

334 781 542 784 343 764 US$/MWh 351 thsd US$/unit 782 US$/kg 684 US$/kg 282

339

Solomon Islands Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of Solomon Islands decreased moderately by 6.3 percent to reach 458.5 mln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 13.9 percent to reach 499.6 mln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small deficit of 41.1 mln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Eastern Asia at 205.2 mln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Solomon Islands were highly concentrated amongst partners; imports were moderately concentrated. The top 4 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 6 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Solomon Islands decreased substantially by 11.0 percent, reaching 111.8 mln US$, while its imports of services decreased substantially by 10.6 percent and reached 210.4 mln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services deficit of 98.5 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Mln US$ by year)

(Mln US$ by year) Exports

600 500 400 300 200 100 0 −100 −200 −300 −400 −500 −600

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

250

Imports

Trade Balance

200 150 100 50

(na)

(na)

0 (na)

(na)

−50 −100 −150 −200

Exports Profile: "Not classified elsewhere in the SITC" (SITC section 9), "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 84.8, 11.0 and 3.5 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Commodities not elsewhere specified" (HS code 9999) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were China, Australia and the United Kingdom, accounting for respectively 46.9, 19.6 and 7.0 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 55.3 mln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 25.9 mln US$ and "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 21.3 mln US$ (see graph 3).

14

15 20

13

20

12

20

10

11

20

20

09

20

07

08

20

20

05

06

20

20

04

20

03

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−250

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Travel ( 49.5 %)

Other business ( 23.1 %)

Transportation ( 19.0 %)

Remaining ( 8.4 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 1996 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 9999 Commodities not elsewhere specified.......................................................................... 4403 Wood in the rough or roughly squared.......................................................................... 7108 Gold, unwrought, semi-manufactured, powder form.................................................... 1511 Palm oil and its fractions, not chemically modified...................................................... 1203 Copra.............................................................................................................................. 1801 Cocoa beans, whole or broken, raw or roasted............................................................ 1513 Coconut, palm kernel, babassu oil, fractions, refined................................................... 0303 Fish, frozen, whole......................................................................................................... 0305 Fish,cured, smoked, fish meal for human consumption................................................ 4407 Wood sawn, chipped lengthwise, sliced or peeled......................................................

340

Source: UN Comtrade

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

466.3 ... 195.2 112.6 37.7 23.5 8.9 8.4 22.9 21.6 9.9

489.2 198.3 234.4 ... 26.4 5.8 9.2 5.4 ... ... 0.0

458.5 388.7 ... ... 25.4 9.9 12.9 10.3 ... ... 0.0

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

117.4

US$/m3

1.0 0.8 0.6 2.2 2.6

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

972.4 832.8

US$/m3

SITC code 931 247 971 422 223 072 422 034 035 248

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Solomon Islands Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

20.8 -18.8 -25.9 -8.3 37.4 -14.9 -21.0 -41.3 229.9

-6.3 41.3 -81.8 -90.6 361.2 128.9 195.0 -97.3 96.0

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

100.0 3.5 11.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.6 0.0 84.8

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

499.6 99.8 7.5 117.9 7.7 18.7 41.4 17.5 189.0

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.166)

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 30.6 %)

Transportation ( 31.4 %) Other business ( 22.2 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.353)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

30

0

0

25

0

20

15

0 10

50

0

0 −5

00

50

Top partner

−1

100.0 20.0 1.5 23.6 1.5 3.7 8.3 3.5 37.8

40

Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America CIS Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania 00

-13.9 0.1 15.2 -31.9 -27.3 -8.1 -25.0 -17.9 -2.2

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014)

Imports

−1

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Mln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014)

−2

11.1 4.6 13.0 13.5 -23.7 -23.3 -12.4 -4.4 404.4

60

458.5 16.1 50.4 0.0 0.3 0.2 2.7 0.1 388.7

2014 share

0%

2014

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Not classified elsewhere in the SITC" (SITC section 9), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 37.8, 23.6 and 20.0 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Oils petroleum, bituminous, distillates, except crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Australia, Singapore and China, accounting for respectively 28.8, 28.0 and 9.5 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 66.0 mln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 64.4 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 46.7 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Remaining ( 15.7 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 1996 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Oils petroleum, bituminous, distillates, except crude................................................... 9999 Commodities not elsewhere specified.......................................................................... 1006 Rice................................................................................................................................ 1902 Pasta, couscous, etc...................................................................................................... 0207 Meat, edible offal of domestic poultry.......................................................................... 1001 Wheat and meslin......................................................................................................... 4907 Documents of title (bonds etc), unused stamps etc...................................................... 8517 Electric apparatus for line telephony, telegraphy......................................................... 2202 Waters, non-alcoholic sweetened or flavoured beverages.......................................... 8471 Automatic data processing machines (computers).......................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

493.4 130.7 0.3 41.3 5.9 4.3 4.0 1.7 5.4 3.4 3.2

Source: UN Comtrade

580.2 171.1 193.2 42.1 7.1 6.1 5.5 6.6 6.1 4.0 4.0

499.6 114.8 188.2 43.2 7.4 6.7 6.7 6.4 3.0 4.2 3.0

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

1.3 0.9

US$/kg

1.0 3.9 3.6 0.5

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

1.9

US$/litre US$/unit

5.3 4.1 4.0 0.4 2.7

95.8

SITC code 334 931 042 048 012 041 892 764 111 752

341

South Africa Goods Imports: FOB, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of South Africa decreased substantially by 23.2 percent to reach 69.6 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 20.3 percent to reach 79.6 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small deficit of 10.0 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Sub-Saharan Africa at 11.0 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in South Africa were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 24 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 23 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of South Africa decreased slightly by 0.1 percent, reaching 16.8 bln US$, while its imports of services decreased moderately by 5.8 percent and reached 17.0 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a relatively small trade in services deficit of 269.7 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

120 100 80 60 40 20 0 −20 −40 −60 −80 −100 −120

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

25

Imports

Trade Balance

20 15 10 5

(na)

0 (na)

−5 −10 −15 −20

Exports Profile: "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 25.9, 22.4 and 13.8 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Platinum, unwrought or in semi-manufactured forms, or in powder form" (HS code 7110) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were China, the United States and Areas nes, accounting for respectively 10.4, 7.3 and 6.0 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 9.4 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 3.0 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 2.0 bln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

13

20

11

10

09

08

07

12

20

20

20

20

20

20

06

20

04

05

20

20

03

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−25

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Travel ( 55.8 %) Transportation ( 18.1 %)

Remaining ( 14.2 %)

Other business ( 11.9 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 7110 Platinum, unwrought or in semi-manufactured forms, or in powder form................... 2601 Iron ores and concentrates, including roasted iron pyrites........................................... 2701 Coal; briquettes, ovoids and similar solid fuels manufactured from coal.................... 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 7202 Ferro-alloys.................................................................................................................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 7102 Diamonds, whether or not worked, but not mounted or set......................................... 8421 Centrifuges, including centrifugal dryers......................................................................

342

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

95 111.5 8 412.7 8 458.4 5 826.5 6 614.0 3 666.8 3 663.0 3 206.4 2 973.2 2 115.0 2 089.4

90 612.1 6 504.4 6 738.7 5 192.9 4 726.9 4 372.0 4 099.3 3 081.3 3 024.5 2 423.3 1 975.6

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

69 631.1 6 486.5 32.2 29.3 24.8 thsd US$/kg US$/kg 2 652.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 US$/kg 4 248.4 0.1 0.1 0.1 2 005.3 44.6 40.3 36.8 thsd US$/kg 4 726.7 14.7 23.3 22.3 thsd US$/unit 2 804.4 US$/kg 2 793.7 0.9 1.1 1.0 2 233.6 21.1 19.5 thsd US$/unit 1 603.0 1 361.1

SITC code 681 281 321 971 781 671 334 782 667 743

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

South Africa Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-10.4 -2.7 -15.4 -7.9 -6.3 -11.1 -4.8 -7.6 -30.7

-23.2 -15.8 -37.2 -14.2 -21.0 -20.6 -16.6 -19.1 -51.6

100.0 11.1 13.8 11.7 8.0 25.9 22.4 3.5 3.6

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

79 590.9 4 288.1 2 067.2 13 920.4 9 261.7 8 799.2 27 303.9 7 089.4 6 861.2

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 18.6 %) Transportation ( 44.2 %) Other business ( 14.1 %)

Remaining ( 6.8 %)

Royalties & lic. fees ( 10.2 %) Computer & information ( 6.2 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.038)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

40

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

20

15

10

5

0

−5

0 −1

5 −1

0

100.0 5.4 2.6 17.5 11.6 11.1 34.3 8.9 8.6

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.066)

Top partner

60

Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −2

-20.3 -19.5 -24.6 -40.1 -14.6 -15.7 -15.8 -14.1 3.8

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015)

Imports

5

-6.2 -7.4 -13.3 -10.0 -3.9 -4.6 -6.5 -5.0 3.0

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015)

−2

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

80

69 631.1 7 718.5 9 607.4 8 160.8 5 563.5 18 016.0 15 598.0 2 454.6 2 512.4

2015 share

0%

2015

25

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 34.3, 17.5 and 11.6 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude" (HS code 2709) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were China, Germany and the United States, accounting for respectively 16.3, 10.6 and 6.5 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 7.5 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 3.2 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 2.4 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) Unit value 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2013 2014 2015 2013 2014 2015 Unit All Commodities............................................................................................................ 103 441.3 99 892.7 79 590.9 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 14 721.8 16 212.1 US$/kg 8 474.8 0.8 0.8 0.4 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 6 234.2 6 607.9 6 857.2 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... US$/kg 6 433.1 5 805.7 4 263.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 5 494.3 4 706.2 4 037.7 17.5 14.8 13.2 thsd US$/unit 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 3 404.3 3 165.0 3 126.9 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 2 054.4 1 978.9 1 713.6 156.0 124.1 US$/unit 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. US$/kg 1 812.0 1 569.4 1 433.9 55.7 66.0 52.4 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... US$/kg 1 263.4 1 300.3 1 134.4 9.1 8.8 7.3 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 1 241.0 1 051.2 636.9 29.7 20.8 thsd US$/unit 8443 Printing machinery used for printing by means of the printing type, blocks................ 921.2 867.5 715.5 HS code

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Source: UN Comtrade

SITC code 333 931 334 781 764 752 542 784 782 726

343

Spain Goods Imports: CIF, by origin/consignment for intra-eu

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Spain decreased substantially by 12.7 percent to reach 278.1 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 13.0 percent to reach 305.3 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small deficit of 27.1 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Eastern Asia at -21.9 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Spain were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 24 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 25 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Spain increased moderately by 5.1 percent, reaching 132.9 bln US$, while its imports of services increased moderately by 8.4 percent and reached 68.5 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services surplus of 64.4 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

500

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

150

Imports

Trade Balance

400 100

300 200

50

100

(na)

0

0

(na)

−100 −50

−200 −300

−100

−400

Exports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 33.9, 15.4 and 14.7 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport" (HS code 8703) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were France, Germany and Portugal, accounting for respectively 15.7, 10.4 and 7.4 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 65.1 bln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 22.9 bln US$ and "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 16.7 bln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

12

13

20

20

10

09

11

20

20

20

07

08

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

03

20

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

02

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−150

−500

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Other business ( 17.2 %)

Travel ( 49.0 %)

Transportation ( 12.5 %) Computer & information ( 9.5 %)

Remaining ( 11.7 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2013 2014 2015 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 310 963.6 318 649.3 278 122.0 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 29 175.6 31 932.0 33 131.2 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 16 541.9 14 186.1 9 528.9 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 13 109.6 12 566.0 7 842.7 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 10 909.7 10 712.3 9 597.0 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 9 555.2 8 945.6 8 208.3 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 5 289.5 6 113.7 4 343.6 0805 Citrus fruit, fresh or dried.............................................................................................. 3 848.9 3 820.3 3 601.2 2204 Wine of fresh grapes, including fortified wines........................................................... 3 430.0 3 401.3 2 961.7 0203 Meat of swine, fresh, chilled or frozen......................................................................... 3 170.6 3 382.4 2 998.2 1509 Olive oil and its fractions............................................................................................... 2 590.1 3 621.1 2 922.1 HS code

344

Source: UN Comtrade

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

SITC code

13.5 16.2 15.2 thsd US$/unit 781 US$/kg 334 0.9 0.8 0.5 US$/kg 6.6 6.2 5.6 US$/kg 51.3 49.1 37.3 thsd US$/unit 16.1 20.2 US$/kg 1.0 1.0 0.9

3.2 3.7

3.1 3.2

1.2

2.4 3.9

US$/litre US$/kg US$/kg

931 784 542 782 057 112 012 421

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Spain Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-12.7 -7.9 -19.2 -39.6 -12.2 -13.6 -7.1 -4.5 -34.7

100.0 14.7 3.8 5.0 13.5 15.4 33.9 10.5 3.3

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

305 266.0 29 930.3 15 437.7 42 815.4 45 138.5 33 025.5 94 809.1 43 014.8 1 094.6

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category Other business ( 23.7 %) Transportation ( 19.5 %)

Travel ( 26.3 %) Computer & information ( 9.7 %) Remaining ( 8.8 %)

Royalties & lic. fees ( 6.5 %) Financial ( 5.5 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.06)

Top partner

25 th 10

80

60

40

20

20

40

0%

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

%

15 th

0%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

%

0 20

0 15

0 10

50

0

0 −5

00 −1

50

100.0 9.8 5.1 14.0 14.8 10.8 31.1 14.1 0.4

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.053)

Top partner

−1

00 −2

-13.0 -9.6 -14.1 -41.7 -8.1 -10.4 -1.4 -0.9 15.2

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania

(% share in 2014)

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

-4.2 -3.0 -6.5 -13.8 -2.1 -4.9 -0.3 0.1 -20.2

60

-1.7 1.6 -3.9 -11.0 -0.7 -4.2 -1.0 4.2 -8.5

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

80

278 122.0 40 856.1 10 574.4 13 880.3 37 454.5 42 751.5 94 397.6 29 113.7 9 094.0

2015 share

0%

2015

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) and "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 31.1, 14.8 and 14.1 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude" (HS code 2709) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Germany, France and China, accounting for respectively 12.1, 10.9 and 7.7 percent of total imports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 18.0 bln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 16.2 bln US$ and "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 13.3 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) Unit value 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2013 2014 2015 2013 2014 2015 Unit All Commodities............................................................................................................ 332 266.8 350 977.8 305 266.0 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 45 308.1 44 262.0 24 769.2 0.8 0.7 0.4 US$/kg 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 17 275.3 19 697.4 17 150.7 5.9 8.8 7.4 US$/kg 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 11 325.3 14 966.0 16 241.1 14.2 5.3 19.0 thsd US$/unit 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 14 268.5 14 081.2 US$/kg 8 674.0 0.5 0.5 0.4 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 11 153.6 11 445.3 11 165.2 90.3 91.2 74.7 US$/kg 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 13 948.4 12 481.5 US$/kg 6 971.4 0.8 0.7 0.4 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 5 320.9 5 752.2 5 616.9 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. US$/unit 3 669.3 3 699.9 3 255.4 127.5 130.0 2603 Copper ores and concentrates....................................................................................... US$/kg 3 076.7 3 245.8 2 593.7 2.0 1.8 1.5 6204 Women's or girls'suits, ensembles, jackets, blazers, dresses, skirts........................... US$/unit 2 524.1 2 784.2 2 919.7 8.9 14.7 HS code

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Source: UN Comtrade

SITC code 333 784 781 343 542 334 764 752 283 842

345

Sri Lanka Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Sri Lanka decreased moderately by 7.6 percent to reach 10.4 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased slightly by 1.4 percent to reach 19.0 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a moderate deficit of 8.5 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Eastern Asia at -4.3 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Sri Lanka were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 21 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 14 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Sri Lanka increased substantially by 19.6 percent, reaching 5.6 bln US$, while its imports of services increased moderately by 6.3 percent and reached 3.7 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services surplus of 1.9 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year)

15

14

20

12

13

20

20

10

09

11

20

20

20

08

20

07

02 20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−20

20

−15

06

−10

(na)

20

−5

Trade Balance

(na)

05

0

Imports

20

5

04

10

03

15

Exports Profile: "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 49.7, 23.9 and 12.6 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Tea, whether or not flavoured" (HS code 0902) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were the United States, the United Kingdom and India, accounting for respectively 25.3, 10.2 and 6.3 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 2.4 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 1.9 bln US$ and "Computer and information services" (EBOPS code 262) at 627.9 mln US$ (see graph 3).

Exports

6 5 4 3 2 1 0 −1 −2 −3 −4 −5 −6

20

Trade Balance

20

20

Imports

20

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Transportation ( 34.3 %)

Travel ( 43.4 %)

Remaining ( 11.1 %)

Computer & information ( 11.2 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 0902 Tea, whether or not flavoured....................................................................................... 6108 Women's or girls'slips, petticoats, briefs, panties, knitted or crocheted..................... 6204 Women's or girls'suits, ensembles, jackets, blazers, dresses, skirts........................... 6212 Brassieres, girdles, corsets, braces, suspenders, garters............................................. 6109 T-shirts, singlets and other vests, knitted or crocheted................................................ 6104 Women's or girls'suits, ensembles, jackets, blazers, dresses, skirts........................... 6203 Men's or boys'suits, ensembles, jackets, blazers, trousers.......................................... 4012 Retreaded or used pneumatic tyres of rubber............................................................... 6116 Gloves, mittens and mitts, knitted or crocheted........................................................... 7102 Diamonds, whether or not worked, but not mounted or set.........................................

346

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

10 004.9 1 528.5 512.2 550.0 489.2 403.0 430.3 400.9 347.8 222.7 313.3

11 295.5 1 609.3 539.7 552.8 527.6 497.2 449.7 434.2 356.6 232.9 197.0

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

10 439.7 1 321.9 4.3 4.9 4.3 562.6 1.6 1.6 509.3 8.0 7.9 554.5 83.1 53.8 48.4 447.6 6.2 4.0 4.1 5.5 6.2 436.1 384.4 8.9 8.8 301.6 225.3 18.8 20.6 21.8 133.9

US$/kg US$/unit US$/unit US$/kg US$/unit US$/unit US$/unit US$/kg

SITC code 074 844 842 845 845 844 841 625 846 667

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Sri Lanka Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-7.6 -12.2 4.2 -37.5 -1.4 -15.4 6.3 -3.4 -100.0

100.0 23.9 4.0 1.8 1.6 12.6 6.4 49.7 0.0

18 967.2 2 290.6 701.7 2 652.9 2 193.6 4 931.5 5 150.6 998.8 47.6

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Travel ( 33.9 %) Transportation ( 39.2 %)

Financial ( 9.4 %) Remaining ( 9.4 %)

Computer & information ( 8.1 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.097)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

3

2

1

0

−1

−2

−3

100.0 12.1 3.7 14.0 11.6 26.0 27.2 5.3 0.3

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.107)

Top partner

−4

-1.4 -2.1 18.0 -39.7 8.5 0.1 26.8 13.0 128.2

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −5

-0.9 -0.1 2.4 -9.7 2.9 0.6 2.5 8.5 -47.1

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

40

1.1 -0.7 -2.0 43.0 4.7 -4.1 5.9 2.4 11.7

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

10 439.7 2 491.4 417.9 184.5 167.8 1 320.0 666.9 5 191.1 0.0

2015 share

0%

2015

4

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 27.2, 26.0 and 14.0 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were India, China and the United Arab Emirates, accounting for respectively 20.3, 18.0 and 7.2 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 1.5 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 1.3 bln US$ and "Financial services" (EBOPS code 260) at 349.6 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 6006 Other knitted or crocheted fabrics................................................................................. 2523 Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement....................................................... 1001 Wheat and meslin......................................................................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 0402 Milk and cream, concentrated or containing added sugar........................................... 1701 Cane or beet sugar and chemically pure sucrose, in solid form...................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

17 930.8 2 396.3 1 344.2 593.1 499.8 520.7 324.2 294.2 287.9 277.2 281.2

Source: UN Comtrade

19 244.5 2 592.0 1 337.7 800.7 566.6 511.7 370.9 295.9 267.4 324.7 247.7

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

18 967.2 US$/kg 1 509.3 0.9 0.5 US$/kg 754.4 0.8 0.4 1 286.3 12.7 6.5 5.5 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 550.3 10.5 9.0 8.6 US$/kg 486.7 0.1 0.1 US$/kg 330.6 0.3 0.3 0.3 US$/kg 356.3 16.6 19.1 386.0 US$/kg 234.0 3.7 4.8 2.9 US$/kg 243.4 0.8 0.5 0.4

SITC code 334 333 781 655 661 041 542 764 022 061

347

State of Palestine Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of the State of Palestine increased slightly by 4.8 percent to reach 943.7 mln US$, while its merchandise imports increased substantially by 10.1 percent to reach 5.7 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 4.7 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Western Asia at -3.6 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in the State of Palestine were highly concentrated amongst partners; imports were also highly concentrated. The top 1 partner accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 3 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2013, the value of exports of services of the State of Palestine increased slightly by 0.2 percent, reaching 938.1 mln US$, while its imports of services decreased substantially by 17.5 percent and reached 987.6 mln US$ (see graph 2). There was a relatively small trade in services deficit of 49.5 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year)

Exports Profile: "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6), "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 34.8, 23.8 and 20.4 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Worked monumental or building stone (except slate) and articles thereof" (HS code 6802) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Israel, Jordan and the United Arab Emirates, accounting for respectively 84.4, 6.9 and 1.4 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2013 at 788.5 mln US$, followed by "Construction services" (EBOPS code 249) at 57.7 mln US$ (see graph 3).

Trade Balance

14

15 20

13

20

12

20

11

20

09

10

20

20

08

20

07

20

05

06

20

20

20

04

(na) (na)

03

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

(na)

Imports

(na) (na)

20

(na)

Exports

1.2 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 −0.2 −0.4 −0.6 −0.8 −1 −1.2 02

Trade Balance

20

6 5 4 3 2 1 0 −1 −2 −3 −4 −5 −6

Imports

20

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013) Travel ( 84.1 %)

Remaining ( 9.8 %)

Construction ( 6.2 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 6802 Worked monumental or building stone (except slate) and articles thereof................. 7204 Ferrous waste and scrap; remelting scrap ingots of iron or steel................................ 9403 Other furniture and parts thereof.................................................................................. 3923 Articles for the conveyance or packing of goods, of plastics....................................... 2402 Cigars, cheroots, cigarillos and cigarettes.................................................................... 9404 Mattress supports; articles of bedding and similar furnishing..................................... 1211 Plants and parts of plants (including seeds and fruits)................................................. 9401 Seats (other than those of heading 94.02).................................................................... 1509 Olive oil and its fractions............................................................................................... 6404 Footwear with outer soles of rubber, plastics, leather.................................................

348

Source: UN Comtrade

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

782.4 124.0 49.9 30.6 32.3 28.8 17.2 8.1 15.8 23.0 5.4

900.6 131.8 41.8 40.7 40.1 35.4 20.0 52.4 21.3 8.8 6.9

943.7 176.3 36.4 49.0 44.8 36.6 31.0 3.4 21.7 24.7 38.4

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

0.8 0.8 0.7 0.4 0.4 0.3

US$/kg US$/kg

3.8 3.6 3.6 14.4 14.7

US$/kg US$/kg

4.4 4.1 4.3

US$/kg

4.2 4.0 4.5

US$/kg

SITC code 661 282 821 893 122 821 292 821 421 851

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

State of Palestine Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

4.8 3.7 -27.0 2.3 -5.4 17.4 -6.3 17.7

100.0 20.4 11.8 0.2 5.0 34.8 4.0 23.8

5 683.2 1 322.2 113.3 1 868.9 491.0 889.3 706.6 291.9 0.0

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013) Travel ( 68.3 %)

Transportation ( 13.1 %) Remaining ( 9.3 %)

Other business ( 9.3 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.709)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

0%

0

0.5

.5

−1

−0

.5

−2

−1

.5

−3

−2

.5

−4

−3

.5

100.0 23.3 2.0 32.9 8.6 15.6 12.4 5.1 0.0

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.493)

Top partner

−4

10.1 6.2 20.7 16.0 9.1 -0.5 12.1 21.5 -71.5

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −5

9.5 11.3 7.7 10.8 10.8 6.7 6.8 8.4 -81.7

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

40

13.2 16.6 6.5 9.5 0.5 14.7 4.3 18.7

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

943.7 192.2 111.4 2.2 46.9 328.8 37.6 224.7

2014 share

10

2014

1

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 32.9, 23.3 and 15.6 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Israel, Turkey and China, accounting for respectively 70.8, 5.5 and 4.6 percent of total imports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2013 at 674.2 mln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 129.3 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 91.9 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 2716 Electrical energy............................................................................................................ 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 2523 Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement....................................................... 2309 Preparations of a kind used in animal feeding.............................................................. 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 0102 Live bovine animals....................................................................................................... 1101 Wheat or meslin flour.................................................................................................... 2202 Waters with added sugar..............................................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

4 697.4 805.7 464.0 155.0 161.4 86.8 102.4 83.7 77.0 50.6 59.7

Source: UN Comtrade

5 163.9 874.7 504.6 202.3 134.6 92.5 96.2 96.6 72.0 72.1 72.7

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

SITC code

5 683.2 334 1 009.3 625.7 70.2 66.1 60.6 US$/MWh 351 US$/kg 343 0.8 215.4 0.5 661 158.7 US$/kg 081 159.8 1.7 1.6 1.7 118.4 15.0 13.4 13.5 thsd US$/unit 781 542 93.1 73.7 1.0 1.1 1.2 thsd US$/unit 001 US$/kg 046 84.0 0.6 0.6 0.6 111 72.7 1.2 1.2 1.2 US$/litre

349

Sudan Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2012, the value of merchandise exports of the Sudan decreased substantially by 62.3 percent to reach 3.4 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 31.1 percent to reach 6.6 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 3.2 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Eastern Asia at -1.2 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in the Sudan were highly concentrated amongst partners; imports were diversified. The top 3 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 19 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of the Sudan increased substantially by 15.8 percent, reaching 1.5 bln US$, while its imports of services increased slightly by 1.7 percent and reached 2.1 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services deficit of 606.9 mln US$. See footnote*.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year)

Exports Profile: "Not classified elsewhere in the SITC" (SITC section 9), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2012, representing respectively 64.1, 15.3 and 9.3 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2010 to 2012, the largest export commodity was "Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude" (HS code 2709) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were China, the United Arab Emirates and Areas nes, accounting for respectively 62.0, 17.0 and 5.0 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 967.1 mln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 305.0 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 121.9 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

12

11

10

13

20

20

20

20

09

20

07

08

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−20

06

−15

(na)

20

−10

Trade Balance

(na)

05

(na) (na) (na)

−5

Imports

20

(na) (na) (na)

04

(na)

0

20

5

03

10

20

15

Exports

3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 −0.5 −1 −1.5 −2 −2.5 −3 02

Trade Balance

20

20

Imports

20

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 66.4 %)

Transportation ( 20.9 %) Remaining ( 4.3 %)

Other business ( 8.4 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2010 to 2012 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 0104 Live sheep and goats..................................................................................................... 1207 Other oil seeds and oleaginous fruits, whether or not broken..................................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 1301 Lac; natural gums, resins, gum-resins and oleoresins (for example, balsams)............ 2707 Oils and other products of high temperature coal tar................................................... 0102 Live bovine animals....................................................................................................... 5201 Cotton, not carded or combed....................................................................................... 0204 Meat of sheep or goats, fresh, chilled or frozen...........................................................

2010

Value (million US$) 2011 2012

11 529.3 9 683.5 1 160.3 130.6 199.8 98.6 67.8 ... 2.1 39.5 29.6

8 981.7 7 200.6 827.9 257.6 193.6 205.6 69.8 0.1 4.1 26.0 18.0

Unit value 2010 2011 2012 Unit

3 383.9 US$/kg 145.2 0.9 1.6 0.5 2 167.4 39.1 61.8 49.6 thsd US$/kg US$/unit 284.1 228.1 US$/kg 191.9 1.1 1.0 1.0 US$/kg 0.1 0.5 1.0 0.2 US$/kg 65.4 1.3 1.4 US$/kg 1.2 110.8 85.8 US$/kg 21.1 1.6 3.7 6.5 US$/kg 27.8 6.7 3.9 6.0

SITC code 333 971 001 222 334 292 335 001 263 012

*Data up to 2011 refer to former Sudan (including South Sudan) and data beginning 2012 is attributed to Sudan without South Sudan.

350

Source: UN Comtrade

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Sudan Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2008-2012 2011-2012

-22.7 42.4 -4.1 -58.9 190.9 6.7 -35.1 10.4 409.4

-62.3 41.4 -6.2 -96.5 653.0 24.4 27.3 504.4 161.9

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

100.0 15.3 9.3 7.6 2.3 1.1 0.2 0.1 64.1

6 580.6 940.7 269.0 563.4 797.6 1 152.5 1 873.6 622.5 361.4

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance

100.0 14.3 4.1 8.6 12.1 17.5 28.5 9.5 5.5

Trade balance

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.069)

(% share in 2014)

Travel ( 21.3 %) Transportation ( 44.6 %) Other business ( 10.5 %) Insurance ( 9.3 %) Remaining ( 6.6 %)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

10

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.344)

5 th

2

1.5

1

0.5

0

−0

.5

Top partner

%

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania

40

Exports

−1

-31.1 -40.9 -46.2 -40.4 -34.9 -21.1 -39.7 -9.4 1226.2

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2012)

Imports

.5

-20.4 -5.7 35.0 150.5 19.2 -3.9 -32.0 -1.2 -45.0

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2012 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2012)

−1

Avg. Growth rates 2008-2012 2011-2012

2012

60

3 383.9 519.1 314.4 256.1 78.5 36.0 5.9 4.5 2 169.3

2012 share

80

2012

0%

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2012, representing respectively 28.5, 17.5 and 14.3 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2010 to 2012, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were China, the United Arab Emirates and Saudi Arabia, accounting for respectively 19.2, 9.2 and 7.1 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 921.1 mln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 438.7 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 217.0 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 7.7 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2010 to 2012 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 1001 Wheat and meslin......................................................................................................... 1701 Cane or beet sugar and chemically pure sucrose, in solid form................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 3003 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 1513 Coconut (copra), palm kernel or babassu oil................................................................. 2714 Bitumen and asphalt, natural........................................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2010

Value (million US$) 2011 2012

11 874.8 697.4 1 290.1 388.4 371.3 393.7 244.6 365.9 239.6 509.6 10.5

Source: UN Comtrade

9 546.3 821.7 580.1 409.3 308.6 331.6 228.0 162.4 157.6 7.2 323.9

Unit value 2010 2011 2012 Unit

6 580.6 378.9 1.2 0.0 1.0 443.6 0.5 197.5 121.8 2.0 166.6 95.7 9.9 177.1 15.1 2.8 171.0 0.4

1.1 0.4 0.9

2.3

1.0 0.3 0.8

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg 9.6 thsd US$/unit thsd US$/unit

4.3 2.4 9.6 52.6 0.9 1.1 5.9 1.0

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

SITC code 334 041 061 781 782 764 784 542 422 278

351

Suriname Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of Suriname decreased substantially by 13.0 percent to reach 1.9 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 20.9 percent to reach 1.8 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small surplus of 90.9 mln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Western Asia at 413.8 mln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Suriname were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 6 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 10 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Suriname increased substantially by 18.0 percent, reaching 210.7 mln US$, while its imports of services increased substantially by 36.6 percent and reached 739.9 mln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services deficit of 529.2 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Mln US$ by year) Exports

2.5

Imports

Trade Balance

2

Exports

800

Imports

Trade Balance

600

1.5

400

1

200

0.5

(na)

(na)

0

0

(na)

(na)

−0.5

−200

−1

Exports Profile: "Not classified elsewhere in the SITC" (SITC section 9), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 78.6, 10.5 and 5.2 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Commodities not specified according to kind" (HS code 9999) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were the United Arab Emirates, Switzerland and the United States, accounting for respectively 30.3, 19.8 and 14.7 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 95.2 mln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 53.1 mln US$ and "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 37.5 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

12

13

20

20

10

09

08

07

11

20

20

20

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

05

−800 04

−2.5 03

−600

02

−2

03

−400

−1.5

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Other business ( 25.2 %)

Travel ( 45.2 %)

Transportation ( 17.8 %)

Remaining ( 11.8 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 1006 Rice................................................................................................................................ 4403 Wood in the rough, whether or not stripped of bark or sapwood................................ 2208 Alcohol of a strength by volume of less than 80 % vol................................................ 2402 Cigars, cheroots, cigarillos and cigarettes.................................................................... 2202 Waters with added sugar.............................................................................................. 7204 Ferrous waste and scrap; remelting scrap ingots of iron or steel................................ 8431 Parts suitable for use principally with the machinery of headings 84.25..................... 4409 Wood (including strips and friezes for parquet flooring, not assembled).....................

352

Source: UN Comtrade

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

2 380.5 2 058.9 128.6 68.2 13.1 9.5 5.5 12.1 6.2 7.5 2.6

2 204.4 1 857.7 183.5 39.6 12.5 14.2 7.4 5.5 4.7 2.1 4.0

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

1 917.7 1 508.0 199.8 0.7 51.3 0.9 18.3 15.0 5.4 11.3 4.6 6.3 0.8 3.1 0.1 2.6 20.2 5.5

0.7 0.5

0.6 0.5

6.2 6.0 4.8 0.5 0.6 0.1 0.1 7.3 10.5 0.2 0.2 3.5

US$/kg US$/kg US$/litre US$/kg US$/litre US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

SITC code 931 334 042 247 112 122 111 282 723 248

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Suriname Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

-1.4 19.9 27.0 -6.6 13.6 12.6 8.7 30.0 -2.4

-13.0 33.2 32.8 8.4 -23.5 22.1 7.5 75.1 -18.8

100.0 5.2 2.0 10.5 0.3 0.4 1.6 1.4 78.6

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

1 826.7 231.4 27.3 383.6 201.8 262.4 587.3 121.8 11.1

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Other business ( 45.1 %)

Construction ( 22.7 %)

Transportation ( 12.0 %) Remaining ( 8.4 %)

Travel ( 11.8 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.146)

Top partner

0% 10

80

60

40

20

20

80

%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

0%

15 th

%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

0%

5 th

0 10 0 20 0 30 0 40 0 50 0 60 0

00

00

00

−1

−2

00

00

−3

−4

00

100.0 12.7 1.5 21.0 11.0 14.4 32.2 6.7 0.6

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.124)

Top partner

−5

-20.9 -4.2 4.5 -23.5 -2.5 -13.2 -31.8 -22.0 -17.6

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −6

6.9 4.5 -7.2 9.8 5.6 4.5 10.7 -0.1 13.2

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Mln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

40

1 917.7 100.6 38.6 200.5 6.1 8.3 29.8 25.9 1 508.0

2014 share

60

2014

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 32.2, 21.0 and 14.4 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the United States, Trinidad and Tobago and the Netherlands, accounting for respectively 24.3, 15.6 and 15.3 percent of total imports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 333.6 mln US$, followed by "Construction services" (EBOPS code 249) at 167.7 mln US$ and "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 89.0 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 8429 Self-propelled bulldozers, angledozers, graders, levellers, scrapers........................... 8419 Machinery, plant or laboratory equipment.................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 2815 Sodium hydroxide (caustic soda)................................................................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 2523 Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement....................................................... 8413 Pumps for liquids, whether or not fitted with a measuring device............................... 0207 Meat and edible offal, of the poultry of heading 01.05................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

1 732.8 261.9 58.0 71.6 4.8 64.0 47.7 19.4 26.8 19.9 24.4

Source: UN Comtrade

2 308.5 481.6 72.4 59.2 164.9 54.7 34.2 25.0 27.6 32.8 22.2

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

1 826.7 US$/kg 375.1 0.3 0.9 0.8 70.2 69.2 7.5 52.5 15.1 15.5 15.3 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 27.6 0.2 0.3 0.3 38.5 US$/kg 24.4 0.1 0.1 0.1 18.1 US$/kg 22.7 1.4 1.1 1.2

SITC code 334 782 723 741 781 522 764 661 742 012

353

Sweden Goods Imports: CIF, by origin/consignment for intra-eu

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Sweden decreased substantially by 14.8 percent to reach 140.1 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 14.9 percent to reach 138.0 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small surplus of 2.1 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at -13.2 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Sweden were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 19 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 14 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Sweden increased slightly by 4.4 percent, reaching 84.7 bln US$, while its imports of services increased moderately by 8.8 percent and reached 64.7 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services surplus of 20.0 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

200

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

100

Imports

Trade Balance

80

150

60

100

40

50

20

0

0

−50

−20

(na) (na)

−40

−100

Exports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 38.1, 17.6 and 12.3 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Norway, Germany and Finland, accounting for respectively 10.3, 9.8 and 6.9 percent of total exports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 31.0 bln US$, followed by "Computer and information services" (EBOPS code 262) at 14.1 bln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 12.7 bln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

12

11

10

09

13

20

20

20

20

20

07

08

20

20

05

04

02

06

20

20

20

20

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

04

−100 03

−200 02

−80

03

−60

−150

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Computer & information ( 16.7 %)

Travel ( 15.0 %) Other business ( 36.6 %) Transportation ( 12.3 %) Remaining ( 8.6 %)

Royalties & lic. fees ( 10.8 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) Unit value 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2013 2014 2015 2013 2014 2015 Unit All Commodities............................................................................................................ 167 494.7 164 413.8 140 089.8 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 10 836.5 10 981.8 US$/kg 7 196.8 0.9 0.8 0.5 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 8 226.0 6 935.1 5 844.6 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 6 381.7 6 695.7 5 815.4 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. US$/kg 6 297.6 6 353.9 5 969.4 130.6 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 5 204.8 4 926.5 6 286.8 26.3 25.1 27.6 thsd US$/unit 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... US$/kg 5 597.0 5 276.4 4 483.2 9.3 9.4 7.7 4407 Wood sawn or chipped lengthwise, sliced or peeled................................................... US$/m3 3 288.5 3 513.0 2 922.4 285.6 289.3 230.4 4810 Paper and paperboard, coated on one or both sides with kaolin................................. US$/kg 3 312.8 3 193.7 2 714.7 1.1 1.0 0.9 0302 Fish, fresh or chilled, excluding fish fillets.................................................................... 2 608.2 2 919.3 2 777.2 2601 Iron ores and concentrates, including roasted iron pyrites........................................... US$/kg 2 942.3 2 792.3 1 567.6 0.1 0.1 0.1 HS code

354

Source: UN Comtrade

SITC code 334 931 764 542 781 784 248 641 034 281

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Sweden Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-14.8 -12.3 -22.6 -35.1 -8.3 -16.6 -11.0 -12.0 -14.8

100.0 6.1 6.4 6.2 12.3 17.6 38.1 8.7 4.6

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

137 986.7 14 171.5 4 285.4 13 422.0 15 097.9 16 635.5 51 046.5 16 153.1 7 174.9

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 28.6 %)

Other business ( 34.3 %)

Remaining ( 10.8 %)

Transportation ( 11.6 %) Computer & information ( 8.6 %) Royalties & lic. fees ( 6.0 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.051)

Top partner

25 th 10

80

60

40

20

20

40

0%

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

%

15 th

0%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

%

0 10

80

60

40

0

20

0

0

−2

0

−4

0

−6

−8

00

20

100.0 10.3 3.1 9.7 10.9 12.1 37.0 11.7 5.2

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.069)

Top partner

−1

-14.9 -12.7 -19.9 -38.9 -17.0 -16.1 -10.3 -11.0 27.3

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −1

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

-6.0 0.1 -10.2 -14.4 -5.5 -8.9 -5.4 -3.5 5.2

60

-7.0 1.8 -8.2 -10.8 -2.3 -8.9 -7.3 -5.6 -10.9

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

80

140 089.8 8 497.5 8 973.6 8 640.8 17 195.8 24 658.6 53 376.0 12 256.5 6 490.9

2015 share

0%

2015

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 37.0, 12.1 and 11.7 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude" (HS code 2709) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Germany, Norway and the Netherlands, accounting for respectively 17.6, 8.4 and 7.9 percent of total imports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 22.2 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 18.5 bln US$ and "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 7.5 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) Unit value 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2013 2014 2015 2013 2014 2015 Unit All Commodities............................................................................................................ 160 588.8 162 220.7 137 986.7 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 12 751.8 12 170.7 US$/kg 7 212.3 0.8 0.7 0.4 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 7 364.9 8 014.1 7 651.4 22.2 20.5 19.2 thsd US$/unit 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... US$/kg 7 701.9 7 464.7 4 907.4 1.0 0.9 0.6 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 6 286.7 6 764.4 6 290.9 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 5 819.3 5 583.8 7 132.3 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... US$/kg 5 065.0 5 206.4 5 141.1 8.0 8.8 7.8 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 4 039.4 4 003.5 3 046.5 258.1 247.1 213.4 US$/unit 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. US$/kg 3 163.7 3 024.5 2 487.2 82.9 0302 Fish, fresh or chilled, excluding fish fillets.................................................................... 2 766.6 3 005.0 2 828.9 8528 Reception apparatus for television............................................................................... 1 404.1 1 464.5 1 161.8 337.6 322.6 275.1 US$/unit HS code

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Source: UN Comtrade

SITC code 333 781 334 764 931 784 752 542 034 761

355

Switzerland-Liechtenstein Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Switzerland decreased moderately by 6.2 percent to reach 292.0 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased moderately by 8.0 percent to reach 253.2 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small surplus of 38.8 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at -36.6 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Switzerland were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 16 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 16 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2013, the value of exports of services of Switzerland increased moderately by 5.0 percent, reaching 95.4 bln US$, while its imports of services increased substantially by 13.0 percent and reached 53.0 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services surplus of 42.4 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

400

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

100

Imports

Trade Balance

80

300

60

200

40

100

20

0

0

−100

−20

(na) (na)

(na) (na)

(na) (na)

(na) (na)

−40

−200

Exports Profile: "Chemicals" (SITC section 5), "Not classified elsewhere in the SITC" (SITC section 9) and "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 30.1, 26.1 and 19.4 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Gold (including gold plated with platinum)" (HS code 7108) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Germany, China, Hong Kong SAR and the United States, accounting for respectively 13.9, 10.5 and 9.3 percent of total exports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2013 at 24.7 bln US$, followed by "Financial services" (EBOPS code 260) at 16.7 bln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 16.5 bln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

13

20

11

12

20

20

09

08

07

10

20

20

20

20

05

04

02

06

20

20

20

20

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

04

−100 03

−400 02

−80

03

−60

−300

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013) Financial ( 17.5 %)

Travel ( 17.3 %)

Insurance ( 7.0 %) Other business ( 25.9 %)

Transportation ( 6.7 %)

Remaining ( 25.5 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) Unit value 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2013 2014 2015 2013 2014 2015 Unit All Commodities............................................................................................................ 357 905.2 311 145.9 291 959.2 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 130 173.0 74 088.3 72 446.6 45.6 40.6 37.6 thsd US$/kg 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 32 337.9 35 466.5 34 544.4 337.7 359.8 356.6 US$/kg 3002 Human blood; animal blood prepared for therapeutic uses.......................................... 23 907.5 25 897.9 24 943.3 3.8 3.9 3.5 thsd US$/kg 9102 Wrist-watches, pocket-watches and other watches, of base metal............................ 13 843.6 14 259.1 13 212.5 499.7 505.7 476.2 US$/unit 7113 Articles of jewellery and parts thereof, of precious metal........................................... 9 024.4 10 789.1 11 057.1 159.4 206.0 239.5 thsd US$/kg 9101 Wrist-watches, pocket-watches and other watches, precious metal.......................... 8 441.0 8 697.7 8 015.1 15.2 15.8 16.3 thsd US$/unit 9021 Orthopaedic appliances, including crutches, surgical belts and trusses...................... 6 302.9 6 411.6 6 237.5 2933 Heterocyclic compounds with nitrogen hetero-atom(s) only........................................ US$/kg 341.9 5 676.0 6 377.9 6 670.1 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 4 026.7 4 106.4 3 617.0 9018 Instruments and appliances used in medical, surgical, dental or veterinary............... 3 059.9 3 205.2 3 086.9 HS code

356

Source: UN Comtrade

SITC code 971 542 541 885 897 885 899 515 931 872

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Switzerland-Liechtenstein Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-6.2 -7.3 -22.7 -20.0 -4.9 -15.1 -8.7 -6.2 -2.8

100.0 3.0 0.5 0.9 30.1 5.8 14.1 19.4 26.1

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

253 152.5 10 827.1 2 526.1 8 922.8 42 211.2 25 025.9 49 118.0 42 674.0 71 847.5

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013) Transportation ( 9.4 %)

Travel ( 28.2 %)

Remaining ( 62.4 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.063)

Top partner

25 th 10

80

60

40

20

20

40

0%

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

%

15 th

0%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

%

0 15

0 10

50

0

0 −5

00 −1

50

100.0 4.3 1.0 3.5 16.7 9.9 19.4 16.9 28.4

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.084)

Top partner

−1

00

-8.0 -8.3 -13.9 -32.8 -13.5 -15.4 -6.4 -3.1 -0.4

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −2

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

5.0 -1.4 -5.8 -15.7 -0.9 -5.8 -2.7 0.3 114.4

60

5.6 0.4 -10.7 -21.5 1.3 -6.7 -4.2 0.8 80.9

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

80

291 959.2 8 711.4 1 580.3 2 771.9 88 014.6 16 802.1 41 124.6 56 742.5 76 211.9

2015 share

0%

2015

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Not classified elsewhere in the SITC" (SITC section 9), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 28.4, 19.4 and 16.9 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Gold (including gold plated with platinum)" (HS code 7108) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Germany, the United Kingdom and Italy, accounting for respectively 20.2, 16.0 and 7.9 percent of total imports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2013 at 15.0 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 5.0 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) Unit value 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2013 2014 2015 2013 2014 2015 Unit All Commodities............................................................................................................ 321 050.5 275 054.0 253 152.5 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 118 891.0 71 349.3 70 738.4 38.5 31.8 28.1 thsd US$/kg 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 15 363.7 15 838.9 14 058.2 250.3 248.1 232.4 US$/kg 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 10 184.2 10 499.8 10 508.2 29.7 31.1 28.1 thsd US$/unit 7113 Articles of jewellery and parts thereof, of precious metal........................................... 8 806.5 9 429.9 9 907.8 65.9 75.3 84.3 thsd US$/kg 3002 Human blood; animal blood prepared for therapeutic uses.......................................... US$/kg 6 237.4 7 158.1 7 161.8 846.2 935.8 853.8 2933 Heterocyclic compounds with nitrogen hetero-atom(s) only........................................ US$/kg 188.3 6 724.1 6 914.7 5 737.1 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... US$/kg 0.9 0.6 7 156.5 5 591.1 4 436.6 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 3 413.4 3 405.7 3 141.5 331.9 326.4 343.1 US$/unit 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 3 174.6 3 176.3 3 205.0 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. US$/kg 4 099.6 3 867.0 1 240.3 0.8 0.8 0.4 HS code

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Source: UN Comtrade

SITC code 971 542 781 897 541 515 334 752 764 333

357

Thailand Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Thailand decreased moderately by 7.3 percent to reach 210.9 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 11.4 percent to reach 202.0 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small surplus of 8.9 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Eastern Asia at -14.5 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Thailand were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 20 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 16 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Thailand decreased moderately by 5.6 percent, reaching 55.3 bln US$, while its imports of services decreased slightly by 3.1 percent and reached 53.2 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a relatively small trade in services surplus of 2.1 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Imports

Trade Balance

(na)

15

13

12

14

20

20

20

10

09

08

07

11

20

20

20

20

20

05

06

20

20

04

20

03

20

20

02

(na)

20

15

14

Exports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 44.9, 13.4 and 12.6 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Automatic data processing machines and units thereof" (HS code 8471) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were China, the United States and Japan, accounting for respectively 11.3, 10.6 and 9.6 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 38.4 bln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 9.2 bln US$ and "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 5.7 bln US$ (see graph 3).

Exports

60 50 40 30 20 10 0 −10 −20 −30 −40 −50 −60

20

12

11

10

13

20

20

20

20

09

08

07

06

Trade Balance

20

20

20

20

04

03

Imports

20

20

20

20

20

02

300 250 200 150 100 50 0 −50 −100 −150 −200 −250 −300

05

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 69.4 %)

Other business ( 16.6 %) Remaining ( 3.7 %)

Transportation ( 10.3 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) Unit value 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2013 2014 2015 2013 2014 2015 Unit All Commodities............................................................................................................ 228 527.4 227 572.8 210 883.4 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 12 182.0 12 115.7 11 413.3 49.4 US$/unit 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 10 590.5 10 347.3 8 160.1 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 11 472.6 9 811.1 6 809.9 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 6 625.3 6 524.5 9 393.6 14.1 13.8 1.9 thsd US$/unit 8542 Electronic integrated circuits......................................................................................... 7 214.2 7 502.6 7 610.6 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... US$/kg 6 352.0 6 789.5 6 729.7 8.6 8.5 8.3 4001 Natural rubber, balata, gutta-percha, guayule, chicle.................................................. US$/kg 8 233.5 6 021.5 4 976.7 2.4 1.8 1.4 1006 Rice................................................................................................................................ US$/kg 4 420.4 5 438.8 4 544.0 0.7 0.5 0.5 8415 Air conditioning machines, comprising a motor-driven fan.......................................... 4 506.8 4 609.8 4 525.9 3901 Polymers of ethylene, in primary forms......................................................................... US$/kg 3 686.6 4 200.8 3 403.1 1.6 1.6 1.3 HS code

358

Source: UN Comtrade

SITC code 752 782 334 781 776 784 231 042 741 571

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Thailand Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-7.3 -6.8 -13.7 -30.8 -17.3 -7.4 -3.4 -3.6 34.3

100.0 13.4 4.4 3.9 9.7 12.6 44.9 9.3 1.8

202 019.4 11 140.2 5 851.9 30 181.5 21 684.8 34 578.0 76 282.1 15 095.7 7 205.2

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance

-3.0 4.8 -7.0 -8.7 -2.3 -3.1 0.5 2.1 -18.7

Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Transportation ( 50.2 %)

Other business ( 20.4 %)

Travel ( 13.3 %) Remaining ( 3.7 %) Insurance ( 5.1 %)

Royalties & lic. fees ( 7.5 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.052)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

40

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

0%

5 th

10

50

40

30

20

10

0

0

0

0

−1

−2

0

0

−3

−4

0

100.0 5.5 2.9 14.9 10.7 17.1 37.8 7.5 3.6

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.084)

Top partner

−5

-11.4 0.7 -10.8 -37.2 -7.5 -8.3 -4.3 2.3 9.0

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −6

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

%

-2.0 -2.1 -15.4 -10.4 -2.7 -2.0 2.5 -4.5 -10.6

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

210 883.4 28 176.3 9 337.4 8 293.7 20 444.5 26 557.8 94 586.9 19 700.7 3 786.0

2015 share

80

2015

60

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 37.8, 17.1 and 14.9 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude" (HS code 2709) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were China, Japan and the United States, accounting for respectively 17.2, 15.9 and 6.4 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 26.7 bln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 10.8 bln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 7.1 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2013 2014 2015 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 250 708.2 227 931.5 202 019.4 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 38 916.9 33 216.5 19 452.1 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 14 981.2 6 612.5 7 204.1 8542 Electronic integrated circuits......................................................................................... 9 206.2 9 680.8 9 356.3 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 6 890.7 6 585.9 5 370.3 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 7 877.0 5 313.0 5 300.4 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 4 794.0 5 454.3 6 108.7 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 3 676.2 5 573.1 2 983.5 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 3 888.1 3 560.7 3 425.3 8802 Other aircraft (for example, helicopters, aeroplanes); spacecraft................................ 4 417.5 3 009.6 3 086.7 8473 Parts and accessories for use with machines of heading 84.69 to 84.72.................... 3 146.5 3 004.3 2 690.6 HS code

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Source: UN Comtrade

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

SITC code

US$/kg 0.9 0.8 0.4 44.2 39.9 35.9 thsd US$/kg

333 971 776 343 784 764 334 752 792 759

0.6 0.5 0.4 10.7 10.3 9.3

24.4

US$/kg US$/kg

0.6 4.9 mln US$/unit US$/kg 53.8

359

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia increased substantially by 20.6 percent to reach 4.5 bln US$, while its merchandise imports increased substantially by 16.7 percent to reach 6.4 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a moderate deficit of 1.9 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at -353.8 mln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia were moderately concentrated amongst partners; imports were diversified. The top 11 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 18 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2013, the value of exports of services of The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia increased substantially by 11.4 percent, reaching 1.2 bln US$, while its imports of services increased moderately by 7.7 percent and reached 1.1 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a relatively small trade in services surplus of 106.2 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year)

Exports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 24.7, 22.8 and 17.8 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Reaction initiators, reaction accelerators and catalytic preparations" (HS code 3815) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Germany, Serbia and Bulgaria, accounting for respectively 40.5, 10.5 and 6.7 percent of total exports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2013 at 376.5 mln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 277.2 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 255.1 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

13

20

12

20

11

20

10

20

09

20

07

08

20

20

06

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−8

20

−6

05

−4

Trade Balance

(na) (na)

20

−2

Imports

(na) (na)

04

(na)

0

20

2

03

4

20

6

Exports

1.4 1.2 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 −0.2 −0.4 −0.6 −0.8 −1 −1.2 −1.4 02

Trade Balance

20

8

Imports

20

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013) Travel ( 23.0 %)

Other business ( 21.2 %)

Transportation ( 31.3 %)

Communication ( 8.0 %)

Remaining ( 4.0 %) Computer & information ( 6.0 %)

Construction ( 6.3 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 3815 Reaction initiators, reaction accelerators and catalytic preparations.......................... 8421 Centrifuges, including centrifugal dryers...................................................................... 7202 Ferro-alloys.................................................................................................................... 8544 Insulated (including enamelled or anodised) wire, cable............................................. 6204 Women's or girls'suits, ensembles, jackets, blazers, dresses, skirts........................... 2401 Unmanufactured tobacco; tobacco refuse.................................................................... 6203 Men's or boys'suits, ensembles, jackets, blazers, trousers.......................................... 7210 Flat-rolled products of iron or non-alloy steel............................................................... 7208 Flat-rolled products of iron or non-alloy steel............................................................... 6205 Men's or boys'shirts......................................................................................................

360

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

4 298.8 638.3 267.7 438.9 62.3 157.7 153.2 99.7 123.1 100.1 92.6

3 723.0 649.9 320.9 288.2 201.0 113.2 95.7 102.6 76.9 92.9 68.5

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

4 489.9 856.7 140.7 474.3 300.4 274.6 10.3 108.6 17.9 95.9 5.9 104.2 26.4 85.2 1.2 83.2 0.7 76.8 13.8

89.1 93.4

US$/kg

15.7 13.1 4.0 22.5 0.8 0.5 9.9

US$/kg US$/unit US$/kg US$/unit US$/kg US$/kg US$/unit

15.1 15.1 4.2 24.3 0.7 0.5 11.4

SITC code 598 743 671 773 842 121 841 674 673 841

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

20.6 8.3 12.6 -20.0 28.4 11.0 40.7 13.5 -60.7

100.0 11.1 5.3 1.2 22.8 17.8 24.7 17.2 0.0

6 399.8 677.8 266.7 696.0 760.8 2 273.9 1 296.2 423.5 5.0

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category Other business ( 21.4 %)

Travel ( 12.4 %) Transportation ( 33.8 %)

Construction ( 7.0 %) Communication ( 5.4 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.216)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

3

2

1

0

−1

−2

−3

100.0 10.6 4.2 10.9 11.9 35.5 20.3 6.6 0.1

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.057)

Top partner

(% share in 2013)

16.7 18.8 11.8 -11.6 22.8 21.2 25.4 20.4 -36.3

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −4

-2.3 -2.2 -11.8 -16.6 -2.1 3.7 2.3 0.1 -14.4

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

40

0.1 -4.8 -6.2 -39.4 8.1 -10.3 33.1 -2.0 -18.1

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

4 489.9 499.5 237.5 52.6 1 021.8 798.7 1 108.4 770.2 1.3

2015 share

0%

2015

4

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 35.5, 20.3 and 11.9 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Platinum, unwrought or in semi-manufactured forms, or in powder form" (HS code 7110) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Germany, the United Kingdom and Greece, accounting for respectively 11.4, 10.9 and 9.2 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2013 at 371.0 mln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 234.4 mln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 136.5 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Remaining ( 19.6 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 7110 Platinum, unwrought or in semi-manufactured forms, or in powder form................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 2716 Electrical energy............................................................................................................ 7208 Flat-rolled products of iron or non-alloy steel............................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 6909 Ceramic wares for laboratory, chemical or other technical uses................................. 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 2604 Nickel ores and concentrates........................................................................................ 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

6 619.6 522.6 664.5 171.2 170.4 136.7 127.7 65.0 110.2 100.0 84.1

Source: UN Comtrade

5 484.9 629.6 505.4 140.7 112.3 105.3 103.1 91.3 86.0 76.8 75.7

6 399.8 738.9 438.8 133.3 146.0 130.3 108.6 170.0 83.0 88.9 87.2

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

SITC code

38.9 29.7 0.7 67.0 0.6 0.4 4.2 3.2 36.1 28.6 26.4 0.7 0.5 0.1 0.1

681 334 351 673 781 542 663 343 284 764

31.4 thsd US$/kg

0.5

0.4 4.7

26.9 22.1 0.5 0.1

US$/kg US$/MWh US$/kg thsd US$/unit US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

361

Togo Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Togo decreased substantially by 16.4 percent to reach 671.9 mln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased slightly by 1.2 percent to reach 1.7 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 1.1 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at -526.7 mln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Togo were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 14 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 21 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2013, the value of exports of services of Togo increased substantially by 13.9 percent, reaching 487.4 mln US$, while its imports of services increased moderately by 5.3 percent and reached 463.4 mln US$ (see graph 2). There was a relatively small trade in services surplus of 24.1 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Mln US$ by year)

Exports Profile: "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4), "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 30.6, 17.7 and 14.7 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Natural calcium phosphates" (HS code 2510) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Burkina Faso, Benin and the Niger, accounting for respectively 14.5, 11.8 and 10.7 percent of total exports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2013 at 232.1 mln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 125.4 mln US$ and "Government services, n.i.e." (EBOPS code 291) at 49.0 mln US$ (see graph 3).

14

15 20

12

13

20

20

10

09

11

20

20

20

07

08

20

20

06

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−2

20

−1.5

05

−1

Trade Balance

(na) (na)

20

(na)

−0.5

Imports

(na) (na)

04

(na)

0

20

0.5

03

1

20

1.5

Exports

600 500 400 300 200 100 0 −100 −200 −300 −400 −500 −600 02

Trade Balance

20

2

Imports

20

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013)

Transportation ( 47.6 %)

Travel ( 25.7 %)

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 10.0 %) Other business ( 9.2 %)

Remaining ( 7.4 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2510 Natural calcium phosphates.......................................................................................... 2523 Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement....................................................... 3923 Articles for the conveyance or packing of goods, of plastics....................................... 5201 Cotton, not carded or combed....................................................................................... 3304 Beauty or make-up preparations................................................................................... 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 1511 Palm oil and its fractions............................................................................................... 8905 Light-vessels, fire-floats, dredgers, floating cranes and other vessels........................ 6704 Wigs, false beards, eyebrows and eyelashes, switches and the like.......................... 0402 Milk and cream, concentrated or containing added sugar...........................................

362

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

1 146.5 137.9 165.5 52.5 59.9 44.3 43.4 43.2 76.5 24.9 18.9

803.8 132.3 98.1 63.8 57.9 39.3 42.0 17.5 4.6 28.0 30.5

671.9 100.2 49.3 66.1 59.4 43.3 26.5 27.2 3.7 22.8 23.7

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

0.1 0.1 2.0 1.8 3.1

0.1 0.1 1.9 1.8 3.6

0.1 0.1 1.7 1.4 3.5

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

0.9

0.6

0.5

US$/kg

5.8 1.3

5.5 1.5

3.8 1.0

US$/kg US$/kg

SITC code 272 661 893 263 553 971 422 793 899 022

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Togo Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-16.4 -26.3 -10.2 -19.2 22.4 -40.1 -6.6 -5.2 -36.8

100.0 12.7 30.6 1.4 12.6 14.7 6.4 17.7 3.9

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

1 732.1 215.8 73.1 245.7 323.5 368.4 415.1 90.5

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Transportation ( 74.0 %)

Travel ( 9.8 %) Remaining ( 7.0 %)

Top partner

0% 10

80

60

40

20

20

80

%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

0%

15 th

%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

0

0

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.08)

5 th

50

0

40

0

30

0

20

0

10

00

00

00

00

00 −1

−2

−3

−4

00

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.066)

Top partner

−5

−6

100.0 12.5 4.2 14.2 18.7 21.3 24.0 5.2

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania

(% share in 2013)

-1.2 -4.2 46.7 -24.1 19.8 -0.8 -1.8 0.1

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Mln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

-0.3 1.1 -2.3 -4.3 4.5 1.1 -2.9 1.4

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

40

-5.8 -6.7 3.9 -24.7 -5.6 -22.5 12.7 6.3 -5.6

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8

60

671.9 85.3 205.6 9.7 84.6 98.8 42.7 118.7 26.5

2015 share

0%

2015

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 24.0, 21.3 and 18.7 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were China, France and the Netherlands, accounting for respectively 17.8, 8.8 and 4.9 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2013 at 342.9 mln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 45.2 mln US$ and "Insurance services" (EBOPS code 253) at 42.7 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Insurance ( 9.2 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 2523 Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement....................................................... 3901 Polymers of ethylene, in primary forms......................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 5208 Woven fabrics of cotton, containing 85 % or more by weight of cotton...................... 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 8429 Self-propelled bulldozers, angledozers, graders, levellers, scrapers........................... 0303 Fish, frozen, excluding fish fillets and other fish meat of heading 03.04..................... 5404 Synthetic monofilament of 67 decitex or more.............................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

1 967.3 341.0 80.7 86.4 63.4 35.8 40.1 36.3 26.3 28.4 27.5

Source: UN Comtrade

1 753.2 265.0 66.8 80.3 60.7 49.5 42.1 42.0 39.7 26.8 27.6

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

SITC code

1 732.1 US$/kg 334 188.2 1.0 0.9 0.6 US$/kg 542 89.5 21.5 13.9 17.6 US$/kg 661 39.4 0.1 0.1 0.1 US$/kg 571 63.5 1.7 1.6 1.4 47.7 22.5 23.5 24.6 thsd US$/unit 781 US$/kg 652 32.7 1.4 1.4 1.3 782 25.0 67.6 thsd US$/unit 723 24.1 64.7 US$/kg 034 34.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 US$/kg 651 30.0 5.8 5.8 6.5

363

Tonga Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of Tonga increased substantially by 10.5 percent to reach 18.9 mln US$, while its merchandise imports increased substantially by 10.2 percent to reach 218.2 mln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 199.3 mln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Asia-Pacific at -83.6 mln US$ (see graph 4).Merchandise exports in Tonga were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 5 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 6 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2012, the value of exports of services of Tonga increased substantially by 26.5 percent, reaching 81.6 mln US$, while its imports of services increased substantially by 13.9 percent and reached 76.4 mln US$ (see graph 2). There was a relatively small trade in services surplus of 5.2 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Mln US$ by year)

(Mln US$ by year) Exports

250

Imports

Trade Balance

200

80

150

60

100

40

50

Exports

100

Imports

Trade Balance

20

(na)

(na) (na) (na)

0

15

14

20

13

12

20

11

20

09

08

07

10

20

20

20

20

05

06

20

20

04

20

03

20

02 20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

08

−100 07

−250 06

−80

05

−60

−200

04

−150

03

−40

02

−100

Exports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 68.7, 15.5 and 6.1 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Fish, fresh or chilled, excluding fish fillets" (HS code 0302) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were New Zealand, the United States and China, Hong Kong SAR, accounting for respectively 24.4, 12.2 and 12.2 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2012 at 44.0 mln US$, followed by "Government services, n.i.e." (EBOPS code 291) at 11.4 mln US$ and "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 11.4 mln US$ (see graph 3).

(na) (na) (na)

−20

20

(na)

−50

20

0

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2012)

Travel ( 54.0 %)

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 14.0 %)

Transportation ( 14.0 %) Remaining ( 7.3 %)

Other business ( 10.7 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 0302 Fish, fresh or chilled, excluding fish fillets.................................................................... 0714 Manioc, arrowroot, sweet potatoes and similar roots................................................. 0307 Molluscs, whether in shell or not.................................................................................. 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 0709 Other vegetables, fresh or chilled................................................................................. 1212 Locust beans, seaweeds and other algae..................................................................... 0801 Coconuts, Brazil nuts and cashew nuts, fresh or dried................................................. 0303 Fish, frozen, excluding fish fillets and other fish meat of heading 03.04..................... 1211 Plants and parts of plants (including seeds and fruits)................................................. 4907 Unused postage, revenue or similar stamps of current or new issue..........................

364

Source: UN Comtrade

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

15.6 2.1 1.7 2.1 0.0 1.5 1.9 0.6 0.4 0.1 1.1

17.1 2.0 2.5 0.8 3.0 1.6 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.5 0.0

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

18.9 2.9 7.6 9.9 5.3 2.7 1.0 0.7 0.6 3.1 15.7 11.4 5.9 2.9 1.1 1.1 0.4 0.6 0.6 1.4 4.1 5.1 7.9 0.7 0.3 1.1 2.1 1.0 0.6 6.3 11.4 13.5 0.0

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

SITC code 034 054 036 334 054 292 057 034 292 892

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Tonga Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

10.5 31.2 -12.5 -3.8 -10.5 72.3 -47.3 -42.6 13.2

100.0 68.7 6.1 15.5 1.7 0.7 3.1 3.7 0.5

218.2 58.6 5.9 46.5 9.8 23.1 55.5 15.6 3.2

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2012) Other business ( 24.7 %)

Transportation ( 36.2 %) Travel ( 23.0 %)

Remaining ( 10.6 %)

Financial ( 5.5 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.148)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

0

0

0

−1

0

−2

0

−3

0

−4

0

−5

0

−6

0

−7

0

−8

100.0 26.9 2.7 21.3 4.5 10.6 25.5 7.1 1.5

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.16)

Top partner

−9

00

10.2 1.4 27.1 5.6 4.2 20.0 37.3 7.1 -59.9

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −1

8.3 6.4 6.8 6.5 7.2 2.5 15.7 6.7 33.7

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Mln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

40

23.0 15.4 41.5 ... -3.4 42.4 306.5 31.3 38.1

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

18.9 13.0 1.2 2.9 0.3 0.1 0.6 0.7 0.1

2014 share

0%

2014

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 26.9, 25.5 and 21.3 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were New Zealand, Singapore and the United States, accounting for respectively 29.0, 23.3 and 11.7 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2012 at 27.7 mln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 18.9 mln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 17.6 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 0207 Meat and edible offal, of the poultry of heading 01.05................................................ 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 8541 Diodes, transistors and similar semiconductor devices................................................ 1602 Other prepared or preserved meat, meat offal or blood............................................... 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 1101 Wheat or meslin flour.................................................................................................... 0204 Meat of sheep or goats, fresh, chilled or frozen........................................................... 2202 Waters with added sugar..............................................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

199.2 44.6 12.4 2.6 5.1 0.0 3.7 0.1 3.8 4.0 2.8

Source: UN Comtrade

198.0 41.6 11.8 9.5 5.3 0.2 4.1 7.9 3.6 3.4 3.1

218.2 44.2 12.5 6.2 6.3 11.3 3.6 3.2 3.3 2.8 2.7

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

1.5

1.1 1.4

5.6

4.7

5.0

0.7 4.3 0.8

0.6 4.3 0.7

0.5 4.2 0.7

1.6 5.1

SITC code

US$/kg US$/kg

334 012 764 thsd US$/unit 781 776 US$/kg 017 931 US$/kg 046 US$/kg 012 US$/litre 111

365

Tunisia Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2013, the value of merchandise exports of Tunisia increased slightly by 0.3 percent to reach 17.1 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased slightly by 0.8 percent to reach 24.3 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a moderate deficit of 7.2 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Eastern Asia at -1.8 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Tunisia were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 10 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 18 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Tunisia decreased slightly by 1.5 percent, reaching 5.0 bln US$, while its imports of services increased slightly by 3.0 percent and reached 3.5 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services surplus of 1.4 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year)

Exports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) and "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2013, representing respectively 31.3, 24.6 and 15.2 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2011 to 2013, the largest export commodity was "Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude" (HS code 2709) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were France, Italy and Germany, accounting for respectively 28.1, 19.7 and 8.8 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 2.4 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 1.2 bln US$ and "Construction services" (EBOPS code 249) at 377.3 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

12

13

20

20

10

09

11

20

20

20

08

20

02 20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−25

07

−20

20

−15

06

−10

(na)

20

(na) (na)

−5

Trade Balance

(na)

05

(na) (na)

0

Imports

20

10

04

15

03

20

5

Exports

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 −1 −2 −3 −4 −5 −6 −7

20

Trade Balance

20

25

Imports

20

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Transportation ( 23.3 %)

Travel ( 47.6 %)

Construction ( 7.6 %) Remaining ( 8.2 %)

Communication ( 6.7 %) Other business ( 6.6 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2011 to 2013 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 8544 Insulated (including enamelled or anodised) wire, cable............................................. 6203 Men's or boys' suits, ensembles, jackets, blazers, trousers......................................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 6211 Track suits, ski suits and swimwear; other garments................................................... 8528 Reception apparatus for television............................................................................... 8536 Electrical apparatus for switching or protecting electrical circuits.............................. 1509 Olive oil and its fractions............................................................................................... 6109 T-shirts, singlets and other vests, knitted or crocheted................................................ 3105 Mineral or chemical fertilisers......................................................................................

366

Source: UN Comtrade

2011

Value (million US$) 2012 2013

17 847.0 2 288.9 1 751.6 753.7 288.4 678.4 572.3 414.3 286.1 406.1 237.3

17 007.4 1 875.9 1 633.7 614.6 948.8 625.5 492.6 368.6 375.2 324.6 331.5

Unit value 2011 2012 2013 Unit

17 060.5 1 748.1 0.8 0.8 0.8 1 678.2 14.5 14.2 14.7 676.2 19.8 3.3 20.1 802.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 634.3 487.0 101.4 89.0 99.9 440.6 28.0 26.2 28.8 504.6 2.9 2.4 3.3 316.4 6.5 5.9 378.4 0.6 0.6 0.5

US$/kg US$/kg US$/unit US$/kg US$/unit US$/kg US$/kg US$/unit US$/kg

SITC code 333 773 841 334 845 761 772 421 845 562

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Tunisia Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2009-2013 2012-2013

0.3 6.7 -3.2 -9.1 2.0 3.7 3.1 2.3 -97.8

100.0 6.1 5.1 15.2 8.8 8.9 31.3 24.6 0.0

24 266.4 1 965.5 1 287.1 4 318.4 2 859.7 4 628.3 7 416.0 1 783.5 7.8

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

(% share in 2014)

Transportation ( 47.1 %)

Travel ( 19.4 %)

Construction ( 8.7 %)

Remaining ( 10.2 %)

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 8.2 %)

Top partner

0% 10

80

60

40

20

20

%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

0%

15 th

%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

10

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.125)

5 th

15

10

5

0

−5

0

100.0 8.1 5.3 17.8 11.8 19.1 30.6 7.3 0.0

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.075)

Top partner

−1

5

-0.8 19.6 -5.1 1.4 6.0 1.1 -5.0 6.3 -98.3

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2013) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −1

6.2 11.5 7.8 18.7 8.5 1.7 2.9 1.4 4.5

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2013 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2013) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2009-2013 2012-2013

2013

40

4.2 5.5 5.4 7.1 -0.3 0.6 10.2 -0.7 -17.6

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

17 060.5 1 035.5 861.8 2 595.5 1 505.1 1 512.1 5 348.1 4 200.9 1.4

2013 share

80

2013

0%

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2013, representing respectively 30.6, 19.1 and 17.8 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2011 to 2013, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were France, Italy and Germany, accounting for respectively 17.7, 14.8 and 7.1 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 1.7 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 680.0 mln US$ and "Construction services" (EBOPS code 249) at 306.0 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Insurance ( 6.5 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2011 to 2013 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 1001 Wheat and meslin......................................................................................................... 5209 Woven fabrics of cotton, containing 85 % or more by weight of cotton...................... 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 8536 Electrical apparatus for switching or protecting electrical circuits.............................. 7408 Copper wire................................................................................................................... 8544 Insulated (including enamelled or anodised) wire, cable.............................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2011

Value (million US$) 2012 2013

23 952.1 2 342.0 810.7 622.6 274.0 553.0 506.8 347.2 445.2 447.7 401.5

Source: UN Comtrade

24 470.6 2 007.7 1 251.8 801.5 859.5 281.6 380.4 466.7 381.5 363.4 340.6

24 266.4 1 916.9 1 312.0 820.0 957.2 508.9 376.6 441.8 404.1 338.6 366.5

Unit value 2011 2012 2013 Unit

0.9 0.6 14.3 0.9 0.4 14.4 18.8 28.6 9.1 14.8

1.0 0.6 14.1 0.9 0.3 13.0 20.5 25.6 8.0 13.8

SITC code

US$/kg 334 0.9 US$/kg 343 0.6 13.8 thsd US$/unit 781 US$/kg 333 0.8 US$/kg 041 0.3 US$/kg 652 12.9 19.3 thsd US$/unit 782 US$/kg 772 25.9 US$/kg 682 7.8 US$/kg 773 14.7

367

Turkey Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Turkey decreased moderately by 8.7 percent to reach 143.9 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 14.4 percent to reach 207.2 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a moderate deficit of 63.4 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Eastern Asia at -30.5 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Turkey were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 31 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 24 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Turkey increased moderately by 7.3 percent, reaching 50.4 bln US$, while its imports of services increased slightly by 4.3 percent and reached 25.1 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services surplus of 25.4 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Imports

Trade Balance

(na)

15

14

20

12

13

20

20

10

11

20

20

09

20

08

20

07

20

06

20

04

05

20

20

03

20

20

02

(na)

20

15

14

Exports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 27.3, 24.7 and 18.7 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport" (HS code 8703) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Germany, Iraq and the United Kingdom, accounting for respectively 9.3, 6.9 and 6.5 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2012 at 26.3 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 12.8 bln US$ (see graph 3).

Exports

60 50 40 30 20 10 0 −10 −20 −30 −40 −50 −60

20

12

11

10

13

20

20

20

20

09

08

07

06

Trade Balance

20

20

20

20

04

03

Imports

20

20

20

20

20

02

300 250 200 150 100 50 0 −50 −100 −150 −200 −250 −300

05

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2012) Travel ( 58.6 %)

Transportation ( 28.5 %) Remaining ( 13.0 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2013 2014 2015 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 151 802.6 157 610.2 143 850.4 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 6 856.5 7 256.0 6 899.8 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 5 963.3 5 480.0 3 966.5 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 3 349.0 3 211.9 7 381.1 7214 Other bars and rods of iron or non-alloy steel.............................................................. 4 849.1 4 341.1 3 077.9 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 3 850.7 4 138.9 4 248.9 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 3 905.2 4 133.6 3 803.5 7113 Articles of jewellery and parts thereof, of precious metal........................................... 3 411.3 4 347.6 3 756.6 6109 T-shirts, singlets and other vests, knitted or crocheted................................................ 3 276.0 3 566.4 2 979.6 6204 Women's or girls'suits, ensembles, jackets, blazers, dresses, skirts........................... 2 283.1 2 417.5 2 195.4 8544 Insulated (including enamelled or anodised) wire, cable............................................. 2 499.7 2 421.3 1 947.1 HS code

368

Source: UN Comtrade

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

SITC code

12.4 0.9 46.5 0.6 14.8 5.1 18.7 4.3 13.7 6.2

781 334 971 676 782 784 897 845 842 773

11.8 0.8 41.2 0.6 15.1 4.9 17.8 4.2 13.3 5.8

10.3 0.5 38.3 0.4 12.8 4.4 15.4 3.8 11.2 5.0

thsd US$/unit US$/kg thsd US$/kg US$/kg thsd US$/unit US$/kg thsd US$/kg US$/unit US$/unit US$/kg

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Turkey Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-8.7 -5.9 -18.3 -27.0 -9.7 -15.9 -8.1 -9.5 63.9

100.0 10.8 3.2 3.0 5.7 24.7 27.3 18.7 6.6

207 206.5 7 268.0 14 493.0 14 415.8 28 678.1 34 594.4 65 425.7 13 839.5 28 492.0

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2012) Travel ( 19.6 %) Transportation ( 42.2 %)

Remaining ( 8.4 %)

Other business ( 9.5 %) Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 8.2 %) Insurance ( 6.5 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.034)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

40

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

60

40

20

0

0 −2

0 −4

0

100.0 3.5 7.0 7.0 13.8 16.7 31.6 6.7 13.8

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.051)

Top partner

−6

0

-14.4 -6.4 -24.4 -28.4 -12.5 -10.0 -0.6 -10.2 -33.2

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −8

-3.7 -0.6 -9.6 -7.5 -1.7 -2.6 -0.6 -0.4 -9.1

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

60

1.6 4.2 -0.6 -9.5 3.9 -3.1 1.2 4.9 27.5

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

80

143 850.4 15 569.6 4 570.9 4 298.4 8 268.4 35 537.6 39 253.5 26 865.9 9 486.1

2015 share

0%

2015

80

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 31.6, 16.7 and 13.8 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Commodities not specified according to kind" (HS code 9999) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were China, the Russian Federation and Germany, accounting for respectively 10.6, 10.1 and 9.7 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2012 at 9.1 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 4.2 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 2.0 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Financial ( 5.6 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2013 2014 2015 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 251 661.3 242 177.1 207 206.5 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 36 542.2 35 565.4 25 065.9 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 15 439.0 15 369.4 9 023.7 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 9 130.1 7 721.0 9 227.4 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 15 127.2 7 106.9 3 425.9 7204 Ferrous waste and scrap; remelting scrap ingots of iron or steel................................ 7 511.2 7 150.5 4 288.1 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 4 894.1 4 950.8 4 966.0 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 3 950.7 4 420.1 4 674.8 3902 Polymers of propylene or of other olefins, in primary forms......................................... 2 973.6 3 314.3 2 649.7 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 2 822.9 2 875.2 2 642.6 8802 Other aircraft (for example, helicopters, aeroplanes); spacecraft................................ 1 960.4 2 676.7 3 442.4 HS code

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Source: UN Comtrade

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

US$/kg 1.0 0.9 0.5 16.2 16.7 15.2 thsd US$/unit 43.2 37.0 32.8 thsd US$/kg US$/kg 0.4 0.4 0.3 US$/kg 10.0 10.1 8.8 US$/kg 1.7 1.7 1.4 US$/kg 77.0 76.5 63.0 5.3 12.3 26.7 mln US$/unit

SITC code 931 334 781 971 282 784 764 575 542 792

369

Turks and Caicos Islands Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2012, the value of merchandise exports of the Turks and Caicos Islands increased substantially by 38.6 percent to reach 11.8 mln US$, while its merchandise imports increased slightly by 3.2 percent to reach 268.5 mln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 256.7 mln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed North America at -191.5 mln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in the Turks and Caicos Islands were highly concentrated amongst partners; imports were also highly concentrated. The top 1 partner accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 2 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). No trade in services data is available.

Graph 2: No Data Available

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value (Mln US$ by year)

14

15 20

20

20

20

13

(na) (na) (na)

12

(na)

11

(na) (na) (na)

10

(na)

20

09

08

07

06

Trade Balance

20

20

20

20

04

03

02

Imports

20

20

20

20

20

05

Exports

600 500 400 300 200 100 0 −100 −200 −300 −400 −500 −600

Exports Profile: "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2012, representing respectively 65.7, 15.9 and 11.6 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2010 to 2012, the largest export commodity was "Unused postage, revenue or similar stamps of current or new issue" (HS code 4907) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were the United States, Areas nes and Haiti, accounting for respectively 83.3, 16.7 and 0.0 percent of total exports. Services data by detailed EBOPS category is not available for exports.

Graph 3: No Data Available

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2010 to 2012 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 4907 Unused postage, revenue or similar stamps of current or new issue.......................... 0306 Crustaceans, whether in shell or not............................................................................ 0307 Molluscs, whether in shell or not.................................................................................. 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 8429 Self-propelled bulldozers, angledozers, graders, levellers, scrapers........................... 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 8502 Electric generating sets and rotary converters............................................................. 8903 Yachts and other vessels for pleasure or sports; rowing boats and canoes................ 7113 Articles of jewellery and parts thereof, of precious metal........................................... 8702 Motor vehicles for the transport of ten or more persons, including the driver............

370

Source: UN Comtrade

2010

Value (million US$) 2011 2012

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

8.5 4.9 1.0 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.2 ... 0.1

11.8 7.3 1.1 0.8 0.3 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.1

Unit value 2010 2011 2012 Unit

3.5 6.2 thsd US$/kg US$/kg 13.1 12.2 US$/kg 4.7 4.2 38.0 6.0 41.8 5.5 30.8 122.5 97.2 37.5 2.8 7.1 2.4

thsd US$/unit thsd US$/unit thsd US$/unit thsd US$/unit thsd US$/kg thsd US$/unit

SITC code 892 036 036 931 723 782 716 793 897 783

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Turks and Caicos Islands Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

Avg. Growth rates 2008-2012 2011-2012

2012

11.8 1.9 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.3 1.4 7.8 0.3

-16.9 -20.2 -0.6 -77.4 -48.8 -29.2 -44.5 79.8 -45.2

2012 share

38.6 48.8 31.0 -33.3 314.6 13.5 -2.6 53.1 -23.3

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

100.0 15.9 1.8 0.0 0.1 2.8 11.6 65.7 2.1

268.5 66.9 5.0 75.9 13.4 26.0 41.1 36.8 3.6

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance

-17.9 -4.7 -28.6 1.5 -22.1 -30.9 -26.9 -23.6 -33.2

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2012 share

3.2 1.2 -19.4 1.1 -8.5 -5.0 24.7 7.0 -0.5

100.0 24.9 1.8 28.3 5.0 9.7 15.3 13.7 1.3

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Mln US$ by MDG Regions in 2012) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2008-2012 2011-2012

2012

SITC Legend

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2012) Exports

Trade balance

Developed Asia−Pacific

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.596)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.877)

Developed Europe

Top partner

Top partner

Developed N. America

5 th

5 th

10 th

10 th

15 th

15 th

20 th

20 th

25 th

25 th

South−eastern Europe CIS Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia

Graph 6: No Data Available

0%

%

10

80

%

%

60

40

% 20

0%

% 20

%

%

40

%

60

80

10

20

0

0

0 −2

0

0

−4

−6

00

−8

20

−1

40

−1

60

−1

80

−1

00

−1

−2

−2

20

Western Asia

0%

South−eastern Asia

Imports Profile: "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2012, representing respectively 28.3, 24.9 and 15.3 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2010 to 2012, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the United States, the Bahamas and Areas nes, accounting for respectively 77.6, 13.9 and 7.0 percent of total imports. Services data by detailed EBOPS category is not available for imports.

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2010 to 2012 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 7113 Articles of jewellery and parts thereof, of precious metal........................................... 0207 Meat and edible offal, of the poultry of heading 01.05................................................ 9403 Other furniture and parts thereof.................................................................................. 2208 Alcohol of a strength by volume of less than 80 % vol................................................ 2009 Fruit juices (including grape must) and vegetable juices.............................................. 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 2203 Beer made from malt..................................................................................................... 1905 Bread, pastry, cakes, biscuits and other bakers' wares................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2010

Source: UN Comtrade

Value (million US$) 2011 2012

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

260.2 72.2 4.8 5.7 3.8 3.7 4.2 3.7 3.6 3.8 3.0

268.5 73.5 7.8 5.8 4.5 4.1 3.2 3.6 3.6 2.8 3.3

Unit value 2010 2011 2012 Unit US$/kg 0.6 0.7 10.4 8.5 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 855.3 899.1 US$/kg 0.9 1.1

12.3

8.3 0.5 0.6

US$/litre US$/kg

1.9 0.9

US$/litre US$/kg

1.3 1.1

SITC code 334 781 897 012 821 112 059 931 112 048

371

Uganda Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of Uganda decreased moderately by 6.1 percent to reach 2.3 bln US$, while its merchandise imports increased slightly by 4.4 percent to reach 6.1 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 3.8 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Southern Asia at -1.6 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Uganda were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 14 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 15 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Uganda decreased moderately by 7.5 percent, reaching 2.0 bln US$, while its imports of services increased slightly by 2.2 percent and reached 2.7 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services deficit of 723.3 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year)

Exports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 48.6, 15.4 and 11.9 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Coffee, whether or not roasted or decaffeinated" (HS code 0901) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Kenya, the Sudan and Democratic Republic of the Congo, accounting for respectively 12.3, 10.7 and 9.8 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 791.6 mln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 508.9 mln US$ and "Construction services" (EBOPS code 249) at 221.3 mln US$ (see graph 3).

Trade Balance

15

14

20

13

20

12

20

10

09

11

20

20

20

07

08

20

20

05

06

20

20

20

04

(na)

03

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

(na)

Imports

(na)

20

(na)

Exports

3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 −0.5 −1 −1.5 −2 −2.5 −3 02

Trade Balance

20

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 −1 −2 −3 −4 −5 −6 −7

Imports

20

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Other business ( 25.4 %)

Travel ( 39.5 %) Construction ( 11.0 %) Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 9.0 %)

Remaining ( 7.1 %)

Transportation ( 7.9 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 0901 Coffee, whether or not roasted or decaffeinated......................................................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 2523 Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement....................................................... 0304 Fish fillets and other fish meat (whether or not minced).............................................. 0902 Tea, whether or not flavoured....................................................................................... 2401 Unmanufactured tobacco; tobacco refuse.................................................................... 1701 Cane or beet sugar and chemically pure sucrose, in solid form................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 0602 Other live plants (including their roots), cuttings and slips; mushroom spawn............

372

Source: UN Comtrade

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

2 357.5 372.2 138.3 107.2 50.0 73.9 58.3 76.4 148.0 119.4 52.4

2 407.7 425.4 135.3 103.0 104.6 85.6 115.0 79.8 49.3 31.9 54.5

2 262.0 410.1 149.0 89.1 98.0 84.7 61.9 64.6 8.2 37.5 56.4

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

2.2 0.2 4.9 1.3 3.3 0.8

1.8 1.1 0.2 5.6 1.4 3.5 0.7

1.9 1.1 0.2 6.1 1.4 2.6 0.6

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

SITC code 071 334 661 034 074 121 061 764 931 292

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Uganda Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

-6.1 -8.7 11.6 19.7 -1.4 -6.3 -32.3 -3.9 7.6

100.0 48.6 11.9 8.1 4.2 15.4 7.0 3.1 1.7

6 073.5 551.7 421.7 1 440.6 936.1 886.7 1 460.9 374.0 1.8

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Transportation ( 41.7 %)

Remaining ( 8.1 %)

Other business ( 36.1 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.068)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

1.5

1

0.5

0

.5 −0

−1

.5

100.0 9.1 6.9 23.7 15.4 14.6 24.1 6.2 0.0

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.1)

Top partner

−1

4.4 30.3 18.3 7.5 2.0 4.0 3.8 -10.0 -98.3

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −2

6.8 9.7 10.4 11.5 13.0 3.6 0.9 4.6 23.2

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

40

8.7 7.6 13.3 20.2 15.5 11.8 -5.5 13.6 4.9

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

2 262.0 1 098.4 269.9 184.0 94.9 349.4 157.5 70.1 37.7

2014 share

0%

2014

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 24.1, 23.7 and 15.4 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were India, China and Kenya, accounting for respectively 24.1, 11.4 and 9.7 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 1.1 bln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 984.4 mln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 221.5 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Travel ( 8.1 %) Construction ( 5.9 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 1511 Palm oil and its fractions............................................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 1701 Cane or beet sugar and chemically pure sucrose, in solid form................................... 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 2523 Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement....................................................... 1001 Wheat and meslin.........................................................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

6 044.1 1 309.0 203.2 229.5 213.4 249.4 144.8 130.5 235.4 106.6 16.5

Source: UN Comtrade

5 817.5 1 281.1 290.8 209.9 209.0 165.9 112.4 127.9 104.5 84.8 61.7

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

SITC code

6 073.5 US$/kg 334 1 392.0 1.0 1.0 US$/kg 542 297.7 13.7 19.2 17.8 US$/kg 422 247.7 1.1 0.9 0.9 220.9 5.3 5.2 5.8 thsd US$/unit 781 764 100.1 134.5 11.7 11.1 12.2 thsd US$/unit 782 US$/kg 061 87.8 0.8 0.7 0.6 931 1.8 US$/kg 661 96.5 0.1 0.1 0.1 US$/kg 041 165.4 0.4 0.3 0.3

373

Ukraine Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of Ukraine decreased substantially by 14.9 percent to reach 53.9 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 29.4 percent to reach 54.4 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small deficit of 468.1 mln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Western Asia at 5.4 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Ukraine were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 27 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 18 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Ukraine decreased substantially by 18.7 percent, reaching 9.9 bln US$, while its imports of services decreased substantially by 15.9 percent and reached 6.2 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services surplus of 3.7 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year)

Exports Profile: "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6), "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 32.0, 20.8 and 20.6 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Semi-finished products of iron or non-alloy steel" (HS code 7207) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were the Russian Federation, Turkey and Egypt, accounting for respectively 22.9, 5.9 and 4.6 percent of total exports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 6.1 bln US$, followed by "Computer and information services" (EBOPS code 262) at 1.3 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 1.3 bln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

13

20

12

20

10

09

08

11

20

20

20

20

07

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−100

20

−80

06

−60

(na)

20

−40

Trade Balance

(na)

05

(na)

−20

Imports

20

(na)

0

04

20

20

40

03

60

20

80

Exports

14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 −2 −4 −6 −8 −10 −12 −14 02

Trade Balance

20

100

Imports

20

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Transportation ( 61.4 %)

Computer & information ( 13.2 %)

Remaining ( 12.8 %)

Other business ( 12.6 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 7207 Semi-finished products of iron or non-alloy steel......................................................... 1005 Maize (corn)................................................................................................................... 1512 Sunflower-seed, safflower or cotton-seed oil.............................................................. 2601 Iron ores and concentrates, including roasted iron pyrites........................................... 7208 Flat-rolled products of iron or non-alloy steel............................................................... 1001 Wheat and meslin......................................................................................................... 8606 Railway or tramway goods vans and wagons, not self-propelled................................ 7214 Other bars and rods of iron or non-alloy steel.............................................................. 3102 Mineral or chemical fertilisers, nitrogenous................................................................. 8544 Insulated (including enamelled or anodised) wire, cable.............................................

374

Source: UN Comtrade

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

68 694.5 5 423.1 3 893.0 3 934.0 3 131.7 2 971.8 2 330.5 2 908.4 1 605.2 1 690.0 945.8

63 320.5 5 254.8 3 833.3 3 281.3 3 739.1 2 763.0 1 891.5 1 330.9 1 519.9 1 133.5 1 081.6

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

53 913.3 US$/kg 4 342.1 0.5 0.5 0.5 US$/kg 3 350.7 0.2 0.2 0.2 US$/kg 3 554.3 1.1 1.0 0.8 US$/kg 3 315.4 0.1 0.1 0.1 US$/kg 2 533.0 0.6 0.5 0.5 US$/kg 2 290.8 0.3 0.2 0.2 234.4 71.1 64.4 46.9 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 1 322.4 0.6 0.6 0.5 US$/kg 646.1 0.3 0.3 0.3 US$/kg 1 170.2 15.2 17.8 18.2

SITC code 672 044 421 281 673 041 791 676 562 773

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Ukraine Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

1.2 15.3 9.2 -13.9 -4.7 -2.5 -5.5 4.2 -6.8

-14.9 -3.3 -3.0 -29.8 -30.8 -14.1 -30.9 -8.8 -56.9

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

100.0 20.6 20.8 3.7 5.2 32.0 13.2 3.9 0.5

54 381.4 5 309.5 2 049.1 15 116.4 9 081.2 7 674.7 11 314.2 3 247.3 589.2

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.089)

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 18.6 %)

Other business ( 16.0 %)

Financial ( 12.9 %) Transportation ( 22.0 %)

Remaining ( 12.3 %)

Travel ( 11.0 %) Royalties & lic. fees ( 7.2 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.055)

Top partner

25 th 10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

%

15 th

0%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

15

10

5

0

−5

0 −1

−1

5

Top partner

%

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania 0

100.0 9.8 3.8 27.8 16.7 14.1 20.8 6.0 1.1

40

Exports

−2

-29.4 -26.5 -20.8 -28.8 -18.7 -27.4 -38.5 -33.0 -37.7

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014)

Imports

5

-2.7 1.2 -5.9 -6.3 1.3 -3.2 -1.2 -2.8 -0.5

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014)

−2

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

60

53 913.3 11 122.2 11 220.4 2 012.7 2 824.4 17 251.7 7 095.5 2 110.3 276.2

2014 share

0%

2014

20

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 27.8, 20.8 and 16.7 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons" (HS code 2711) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the Russian Federation, China and Germany, accounting for respectively 29.3, 9.8 and 8.8 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 1.4 bln US$, followed by "Government services, n.i.e." (EBOPS code 291) at 1.2 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 993.9 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 2701 Coal; briquettes, ovoids and similar solid fuels manufactured from coal.................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 3808 Insecticides, rodenticides, fungicides, herbicides........................................................ 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 8401 Nuclear reactors; fuel elements (cartridges), non-irradiated........................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

84 656.7 14 289.0 7 606.7 2 881.2 3 247.1 2 637.0 740.0 754.6 1 235.9 846.6 623.5

Source: UN Comtrade

76 986.0 11 822.0 6 418.3 2 597.9 2 995.5 1 980.9 810.7 769.5 630.3 755.1 619.7

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

SITC code

54 381.4 US$/kg 343 6 018.3 0.6 0.6 0.4 US$/kg 334 6 685.2 1.0 1.0 0.9 US$/kg 542 2 091.8 81.6 91.1 87.2 1 209.9 15.8 17.3 19.3 thsd US$/unit 781 US$/kg 321 1 768.7 0.2 0.1 0.1 764 654.6 US$/kg 591 608.4 8.3 9.0 8.2 US$/kg 333 146.5 0.8 0.8 0.8 359.6 5.8 6.0 4.4 thsd US$/unit 782 652.5 1.6 1.5 1.6 thsd US$/kg 718

375

United Arab Emirates Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of the United Arab Emirates increased slightly by 0.2 percent to reach 380.3 bln US$, while its merchandise imports increased slightly by 1.2 percent to reach 298.6 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a moderate surplus of 81.7 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at -39.9 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in the United Arab Emirates were moderately concentrated amongst partners; imports were diversified. The top 12 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 23 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2013, the value of exports of services of the United Arab Emirates increased substantially by 14.3 percent, reaching 17.2 bln US$, while its imports of services increased substantially by 11.1 percent and reached 71.0 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services deficit of 53.8 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

400

Imports

Trade Balance

300

60

200

40

100

Exports

80

Imports

Trade Balance

20 (na)

(na) (na)

0

Exports Profile: "Not classified elsewhere in the SITC" (SITC section 9), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 32.5, 28.4 and 18.5 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Commodities not specified according to kind" (HS code 9999) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Areas nes, Other Asia nes and India, accounting for respectively 27.9, 26.4 and 5.0 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2013 at 11.6 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 4.8 bln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

12

13

20

20

10

09

11

20

20

20

07

08

20

20

05

02

06

20

20

20

20

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

07

−80 06

−400 05

−60

04

−300

03

−40

02

−200

04

(na) (na)

−20

03

(na)

−100

20

0

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013) Travel ( 67.1 %)

Transportation ( 28.1 %)

Remaining ( 4.7 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 Value (million US$) 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2012 2013 2014 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 350 123.0 379 488.8 380 339.6 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 79 116.9 91 660.3 111 131.5 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 96 590.2 87 299.3 72 072.1 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 13 760.9 30 494.6 27 400.2 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 33 751.9 23 121.7 12 332.3 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 14 875.7 22 195.3 21 773.9 7102 Diamonds, whether or not worked, but not mounted or set......................................... 12 452.2 15 149.9 14 286.5 7113 Articles of jewellery and parts thereof, of precious metal........................................... 11 669.5 9 242.0 11 806.2 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 7 728.8 8 513.1 8 380.7 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 5 650.5 6 567.8 9 944.4 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 5 608.0 5 889.6 6 207.4 HS code

376

Source: UN Comtrade

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

SITC code

931 333 334 971 764 667 thsd US$/kg 897 27.8 16.1 US$/kg 343 0.6 0.6 0.6 18.7 18.0 17.1 thsd US$/unit 781 752

0.7

0.6

0.6

US$/kg US$/kg 1.1 1.1 1.1 51.7 44.3 38.5 thsd US$/kg

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

United Arab Emirates Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

0.2 14.3 9.1 -14.6 9.0 -0.8 8.2 17.1 7.6

100.0 2.5 0.9 28.4 2.5 8.8 18.5 5.9 32.5

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

298 611.3 19 178.0 6 505.0 9 004.9 18 969.2 43 440.8 109 661.9 33 527.0 58 324.6

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013) Transportation ( 63.6 %)

Travel ( 24.9 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.168)

Top partner

25 th 10

80

60

40

20

20

40

0%

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

%

15 th

0%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

%

0 10

80

60

40

20

0

0 −2

0 −4

0

100.0 6.4 2.2 3.0 6.4 14.5 36.7 11.2 19.5

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.058)

Top partner

−6

0

1.2 14.8 2.9 9.9 9.3 -2.4 10.9 10.6 -19.8

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −8

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014) Imports

13.4 16.5 20.0 45.2 22.5 8.2 27.2 19.9 -3.4

60

17.7 21.2 23.3 9.9 30.4 10.1 36.8 31.2 17.6

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

80

380 339.6 9 675.9 3 269.8 108 108.5 9 454.4 33 363.0 70 386.3 22 551.7 123 530.1

2014 share

0%

2014

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Not classified elsewhere in the SITC" (SITC section 9) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 36.7, 19.5 and 14.5 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Gold (including gold plated with platinum)" (HS code 7108) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were China, Areas nes and the United States, accounting for respectively 13.3, 9.1 and 8.5 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2013 at 45.2 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 17.7 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Remaining ( 11.5 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 Value (million US$) 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2012 2013 2014 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 261 022.9 294 966.9 298 611.3 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 41 233.7 40 902.2 29 746.4 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 13 333.4 31 719.7 28 546.1 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 13 794.1 21 257.3 25 020.3 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 12 590.2 15 034.4 15 965.0 7102 Diamonds, whether or not worked, but not mounted or set......................................... 12 639.2 14 479.1 12 785.6 7113 Articles of jewellery and parts thereof, of precious metal........................................... 9 127.8 9 267.5 9 804.6 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 7 121.9 7 491.3 8 573.9 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 7 160.2 6 969.9 7 636.3 8802 Other aircraft (for example, helicopters, aeroplanes); spacecraft................................ 6 397.4 5 148.7 5 832.9 8411 Turbo-jets, turbo-propellers and other gas turbines..................................................... 4 284.7 4 902.3 4 891.9 HS code

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Source: UN Comtrade

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

45.2 10.3

SITC code

thsd US$/kg

971 931 764 23.5 23.7 24.5 thsd US$/unit 781 667 34.4 13.0 10.5 thsd US$/kg 897 752 US$/kg 334 0.9 0.8 0.8 792 714

377

United Kingdom Goods Imports: CIF, by origin/consignment for intra-eu

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of the United Kingdom decreased moderately by 8.8 percent to reach 465.9 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased moderately by 9.4 percent to reach 629.2 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The United Kingdom was the sixth largest trader in the World in 2015. The merchandise trade balance recorded a moderate deficit of 163.3 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at -132.9 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in the United Kingdom were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 20 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 19 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of the United Kingdom increased moderately by 6.8 percent, reaching 363.4 bln US$, while its imports of services increased slightly by 2.9 percent and reached 215.3 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services surplus of 148.1 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

800

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

400

600

300

400

200

200

100

0

0

−200

−100

−400

−200

−600

−300

−800

−400

Imports

Trade Balance

(na)

Exports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) and "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 35.2, 16.4 and 13.6 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Gold (including gold plated with platinum)" (HS code 7108) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were the United States, Germany and Switzerland, accounting for respectively 12.9, 9.6 and 9.2 percent of total exports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 95.3 bln US$, followed by "Financial services" (EBOPS code 260) at 81.1 bln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 46.7 bln US$ (see graph 3).

15

13

14

20

20

12

20

11

20

09

10

20

20

07

08

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

02

03

20

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

(na)

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Financial ( 22.3 %) Travel ( 12.9 %)

Transportation ( 12.1 %)

Other business ( 26.2 %)

Insurance ( 9.1 %) Remaining ( 9.9 %)

Computer & information ( 7.4 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) Unit value 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2013 2014 2015 2013 2014 2015 Unit All Commodities............................................................................................................ 548 041.9 511 145.4 465 921.6 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 79 120.8 37 575.2 38 537.2 45.4 39.8 36.1 thsd US$/kg 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 38 228.3 42 365.4 38 949.7 25.1 29.6 26.5 thsd US$/unit 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 29 793.9 28 857.4 16 055.3 0.8 0.8 0.4 US$/kg 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 20 885.9 23 430.1 24 222.8 111.7 129.6 US$/kg 8411 Turbo-jets, turbo-propellers and other gas turbines..................................................... 22 130.9 21 434.2 19 570.3 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 31 381.6 13 568.5 13 566.7 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 25 963.0 20 186.7 11 473.9 0.9 0.8 0.5 US$/kg 8803 Parts of goods of heading 88.01 or 88.02..................................................................... US$/kg 380.8 490.8 ... 13 340.2 14 674.1 3002 Human blood; animal blood prepared for therapeutic uses.......................................... US$/kg 7 191.2 8 093.5 9 524.3 342.9 343.2 387.8 2208 Alcohol of a strength by volume of less than 80 % vol................................................ 8 447.9 8 352.2 7 469.4 19.5 19.6 17.9 US$/litre HS code

378

Source: UN Comtrade

SITC code 971 781 333 542 714 931 334 792 541 112

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

United Kingdom Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-2.6 -1.2 -10.8 -15.9 -1.1 -7.5 2.4 3.9 -6.9

-8.8 -10.1 -19.6 -40.7 0.7 -13.2 -7.2 0.6 0.7

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

100.0 6.0 1.9 7.0 16.4 8.7 35.2 13.6 11.2

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

629 228.9 59 084.6 15 535.9 50 921.6 75 311.9 65 668.4 231 510.8 103 027.9 28 167.7

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Other business ( 27.2 %)

Transportation ( 14.8 %) Travel ( 29.4 %) Financial ( 7.7 %) Remaining ( 13.7 %)

Computer & information ( 7.2 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.057)

Top partner

25 th 10

80

60

40

20

20

40

0%

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

%

15 th

0%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

0%

0

0

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category

25

0

20

0

15

10

0

50

0

00

−5

50

−1

00

−1

50

−2

00

−2

50

−3

00

100.0 9.4 2.5 8.1 12.0 10.4 36.8 16.4 4.5

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.061)

Top partner

%

Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −3

-9.4 -7.2 -16.2 -37.1 -6.9 -10.5 -3.9 -2.5 -7.2

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015)

Imports

(% share in 2014)

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015)

−4

-3.2 -0.8 -6.7 -13.6 -0.7 -6.9 2.2 0.1 -18.6

60

465 921.6 27 962.2 8 730.6 32 608.0 76 305.8 40 747.4 163 884.2 63 352.9 52 330.6

2015 share

80

2015

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 36.8, 16.4 and 12.0 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport" (HS code 8703) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Germany, China and the United States, accounting for respectively 14.3, 9.3 and 8.6 percent of total imports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 63.3 bln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 58.5 bln US$ and "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 31.9 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 Value (million US$) Unit value 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2013 2014 2015 2013 2014 2015 Unit All Commodities............................................................................................................ 657 222.5 694 344.3 629 228.9 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 38 762.8 46 331.0 48 691.5 18.0 19.6 19.0 thsd US$/unit 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 40 092.0 36 064.6 18 422.3 0.8 0.8 0.4 US$/kg US$/kg 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 27 621.7 25 805.5 18 109.3 1.0 0.9 0.5 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 17 619.4 21 267.4 20 911.5 103.3 109.8 US$/kg 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 15 197.5 20 296.2 18 708.8 44.7 40.8 37.9 thsd US$/kg 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 17 507.7 16 651.6 17 460.3 8411 Turbo-jets, turbo-propellers and other gas turbines..................................................... 16 393.3 16 276.7 15 736.2 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 15 388.3 16 584.0 15 531.3 9.6 10.4 9.3 US$/kg 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 25 962.9 9 489.2 9 001.4 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 14 406.8 14 925.8 13 442.9 152.8 171.1 174.6 US$/unit HS code

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Source: UN Comtrade

SITC code 781 333 334 542 971 764 714 784 931 752

379

United Republic of Tanzania Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of the United Republic of Tanzania increased substantially by 29.3 percent to reach 5.7 bln US$, while its merchandise imports increased slightly by 1.3 percent to reach 12.7 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 7.0 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at -1.8 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in the United Republic of Tanzania were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 12 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 13 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of the United Republic of Tanzania increased substantially by 12.4 percent, reaching 3.4 bln US$, while its imports of services increased moderately by 6.9 percent and reached 2.7 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services surplus of 723.5 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

15

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

4

Imports

Trade Balance

3

10

2 5

1 (na)

(na)

0

0 (na)

(na)

−1

−5

−2 −10

−3

Exports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4) and "Not classified elsewhere in the SITC" (SITC section 9) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 33.5, 26.8 and 23.2 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Gold (including gold plated with platinum)" (HS code 7108) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were India, South Africa and China, accounting for respectively 15.9, 15.6 and 9.7 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 2.0 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 892.6 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 352.5 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

13

20

12

20

10

09

08

11

20

20

20

20

07

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

03

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

03

−4 02

−15

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 59.1 %)

Transportation ( 26.3 %) Remaining ( 4.2 %)

Other business ( 10.4 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 2616 Precious metal ores and concentrates.......................................................................... 0801 Coconuts, Brazil nuts and cashew nuts, fresh or dried................................................. 1207 Other oil seeds and oleaginous fruits, whether or not broken..................................... 2603 Copper ores and concentrates....................................................................................... 2401 Unmanufactured tobacco; tobacco refuse.................................................................... 0901 Coffee, whether or not roasted or decaffeinated......................................................... 0713 Dried leguminous vegetables, shelled, whether or not skinned or split...................... 0304 Fish fillets and other fish meat (whether or not minced).............................................. 5201 Cotton, not carded or combed.......................................................................................

380

Source: UN Comtrade

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

5 547.2 1 863.3 421.3 163.1 94.4 324.3 188.4 187.7 101.0 99.7 126.4

4 412.5 1 549.6 301.6 189.5 140.4 90.9 97.0 163.1 86.0 113.8 86.6

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

5 704.7 1 322.0 5.8 11.1 566.5 10.0 7.8 394.2 1.2 1.2 337.8 1.1 1.3 145.6 8.7 7.0 193.2 1.8 1.4 123.6 3.5 2.6 177.7 0.6 0.5 149.2 5.4 5.2 38.7 1.4 1.3

7.1 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.6 0.8 6.2 1.1

thsd US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

SITC code 971 289 057 222 283 121 071 054 034 263

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

United Republic of Tanzania Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

29.3 71.5 86.1 -3.9 57.3 5.0 -35.8 37.9 -14.9

100.0 33.5 26.8 1.7 2.5 7.1 2.8 2.5 23.2

12 691.1 750.8 627.5 3 559.1 1 839.7 1 876.1 3 422.7 614.2 1.0

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Transportation ( 43.3 %)

Remaining ( 7.0 %)

Travel ( 41.3 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.096)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

0%

2

1.5

1

0

0.5

.5 −0

−1

.5

−2

−1

.5

100.0 5.9 4.9 28.0 14.5 14.8 27.0 4.8 0.0

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.089)

Top partner

−2

1.3 0.4 68.3 -26.6 31.4 0.9 22.3 26.5 -91.4

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −3

12.2 6.7 19.3 12.6 15.1 13.0 9.5 17.0 -33.2

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

40

8.9 22.8 3.7 5.5 -5.2 3.6 -3.3 3.2 7.9

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

5 704.7 1 911.5 1 529.2 95.5 142.1 405.1 156.9 142.3 1 322.0

2014 share

10

2014

2.5

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 28.0, 27.0 and 14.8 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were India, China and Switzerland, accounting for respectively 15.3, 13.0 and 11.1 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 1.2 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 1.1 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 226.0 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Other business ( 8.5 %)

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2007 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 1001 Wheat and meslin......................................................................................................... 1511 Palm oil and its fractions............................................................................................... 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 7208 Flat-rolled products of iron or non-alloy steel............................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 8701 Tractors (other than tractors of heading 87.09)............................................................ 8431 Parts suitable for use principally with the machinery of headings 84.25..................... 4011 New pneumatic tyres, of rubber....................................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

11 715.6 3 636.5 302.4 244.1 247.7 252.7 214.2 132.6 226.2 240.0 166.8

Source: UN Comtrade

12 525.4 4 665.4 311.4 307.1 192.7 264.5 237.1 163.7 193.5 141.4 163.8

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

12 691.1 US$/kg 3 407.5 1.1 1.0 0.9 327.1 21.5 20.3 19.3 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 319.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 US$/kg 367.6 1.0 0.8 0.9 234.1 US$/kg 189.2 0.8 0.7 0.6 US$/kg 337.7 10.3 13.0 13.5 199.9 US$/kg 139.1 0.6 16.5 13.7 147.7

SITC code 334 781 041 422 782 673 542 722 723 625

381

United States of America, including Puerto Rico and U.S.V.I. Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of the United States decreased moderately by 7.2 percent to reach 1503.9 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased slightly by 4.3 percent to reach 2306.8 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). Despite being overtaken by China in 2007 as the largest exporter of merchandise, the United States is still the world’s largest importer. The merchandise trade balance recorded a moderate deficit of 803.0 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Eastern Asia at -402.6 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in the United States were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 21 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 16 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of the United States increased slightly by 2.8 percent, reaching 688.2 bln US$, while its imports of services increased slightly by 3.0 percent and reached 470.0 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services surplus of 218.2 bln US$. In recent years, the United States has been the world’s largest exporter and importer of services, with the United Kingdom being second for exports and China being second for imports of services both in 2013 and 2014.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

2500

Imports

Trade Balance

2000

Exports

800

Imports

Trade Balance

600

1500

400

1000 500

200

0

0

−500

−200

(na) (na)

−1000

Exports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) and "Not classified elsewhere in the SITC" (SITC section 9) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 35.0, 13.7 and 12.2 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Commodities not specified according to kind" (HS code 9999) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Canada, Mexico and China, accounting for respectively 19.0, 14.9 and 7.7 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 177.2 bln US$, followed by "Royalties and license fees" (EBOPS code 266) at 130.4 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 126.7 bln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

13

20

11

10

09

08

07

12

20

20

20

20

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

05

−800 04

−2500 03

−600

02

−2000

03

−400

−1500

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Royalties & lic. fees ( 18.9 %)

Travel ( 25.8 %)

Other business ( 18.4 %)

Transportation ( 13.1 %)

Remaining ( 23.8 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 8542 Electronic integrated circuits......................................................................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 9018 Instruments and appliances used in medical, surgical, dental or veterinary............... 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06)..............................

382

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (billion US$) 2014 2015

1 577.6 147.1 112.0 57.3 43.1 34.5 31.3 26.6 25.3 31.9 23.1

1 619.7 156.3 110.0 61.7 42.7 34.5 33.8 26.8 26.3 21.0 24.4

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

1 503.9 161.8 US$/kg 74.7 0.9 0.5 55.3 20.3 21.9 21.8 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 43.9 11.0 10.8 10.9 33.5 34.8 25.0 275.5 275.1 US$/unit 26.0 37.4 thsd US$/kg 19.3 45.2 US$/kg 24.6 186.5 216.4 236.8

SITC code 931 334 781 784 776 764 752 872 971 542

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

United States of America, including Puerto Rico and U.S.V.I. Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-7.2 -8.9 -15.4 -31.8 -2.5 -8.5 -4.7 -1.4 2.4

100.0 7.3 5.1 7.0 13.7 9.2 35.0 10.6 12.2

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

2 306 822.2 127 251.2 39 747.9 200 938.1 220 388.9 255 465.5 987 201.6 383 587.4 92 241.6

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

(% share in 2014) Transportation ( 20.0 %)

Other business ( 19.7 %)

Insurance ( 10.7 %) Travel ( 23.6 %)

Remaining ( 6.3 %)

Royalties & lic. fees ( 9.0 %) Computer & information ( 5.7 %) Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 5.1 %)

Top partner

0% 10

80

60

40

20

20

80

%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

0%

15 th

%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

0

0

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.076)

5 th

40

0

30

0

20

0

10

00

00

00

00

00

00 −1

−2

−3

−4

−5

00

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.093)

Top partner

−6

100.0 5.5 1.7 8.7 9.6 11.1 42.8 16.6 4.0

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −7

-4.3 2.2 -11.6 -43.9 4.1 -3.8 3.2 6.2 4.0

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015) Imports

0.5 4.6 -2.6 -18.8 2.2 1.6 5.0 4.6 4.6

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

40

0.4 0.3 -5.7 -5.0 -0.1 -0.4 1.2 2.6 4.4

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

1 503 870.4 109 145.9 76 334.8 106 008.2 206 459.2 137 729.1 526 393.3 159 067.4 182 732.6

2015 share

0%

2015

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 42.8, 16.6 and 11.1 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude" (HS code 2709) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were China, Canada and Mexico, accounting for respectively 20.6, 14.1 and 12.5 percent of total imports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 110.8 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 94.2 bln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 92.5 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 8542 Electronic integrated circuits......................................................................................... 8528 Reception apparatus for television...............................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (billion US$) 2014 2015

2 326.6 279.5 155.5 89.8 83.1 70.9 88.8 58.8 47.2 29.4 27.4

Source: UN Comtrade

2 410.9 253.2 156.4 96.1 82.1 74.1 79.1 63.7 55.2 29.7 27.3

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

2 306.8 US$/kg 132.6 0.7 0.8 0.4 169.1 22.5 22.4 22.1 thsd US$/unit 102.4 81.4 141.3 166.6 US$/unit 80.7 US$/kg 51.4 0.8 0.5 US$/kg 66.5 11.4 11.6 11.9 US$/kg 64.4 198.4 205.9 232.5 28.8 26.9 201.2 196.2 US$/unit

SITC code 333 781 764 752 931 334 784 542 776 761

383

Uruguay Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of Uruguay increased slightly by 1.1 percent to reach 9.2 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased moderately by 7.6 percent to reach 10.8 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small deficit of 1.6 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Latin America and the Caribbean at -1.1 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Uruguay were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 14 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 12 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Uruguay increased slightly by 1.8 percent, reaching 3.3 bln US$, while its imports of services decreased slightly by 4.9 percent and reached 3.2 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a relatively small trade in services surplus of 143.3 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

12 10 8 6 4 2 0 −2 −4 −6 −8 −10 −12

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

4

Imports

Trade Balance

3 2 1 (na)

(na)

0 (na)

(na)

−1 −2 −3

Exports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 46.5, 28.7 and 8.6 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Soya beans, whether or not broken" (HS code 1201) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Brazil, Free zones and China, accounting for respectively 18.6, 16.7 and 12.3 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 1.8 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 643.6 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 436.7 mln US$ (see graph 3).

14

15 20

13

20

12

20

10

09

11

20

20

20

07

08

20

20

05

06

20

20

04

20

03

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−4

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Travel ( 52.5 %) Transportation ( 19.2 %)

Other business ( 13.0 %) Computer & information ( 8.3 %)

Remaining ( 6.9 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 1201 Soya beans, whether or not broken.............................................................................. 0202 Meat of bovine animals, frozen..................................................................................... 1006 Rice................................................................................................................................ 0402 Milk and cream, concentrated or containing added sugar........................................... 0201 Meat of bovine animals, fresh or chilled...................................................................... 4403 Wood in the rough, whether or not stripped of bark or sapwood................................ 1001 Wheat and meslin......................................................................................................... 0406 Cheese and curd............................................................................................................ 1107 Malt, whether or not roasted........................................................................................ 3923 Articles for the conveyance or packing of goods, of plastics.......................................

384

Source: UN Comtrade

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

8 709.2 1 379.7 1 017.6 560.1 333.9 384.7 269.6 379.2 264.3 204.7 202.4

9 065.8 1 874.5 939.7 508.0 458.8 361.0 298.2 282.8 251.5 208.5 191.1

9 165.7 1 620.8 1 037.2 513.1 381.8 401.8 439.3 329.3 241.4 186.6 175.0

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

0.5 4.9 0.5 3.6 8.7

0.5 0.5 4.8 5.1 0.6 0.6 4.4 4.8 9.0 10.1

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

0.3 5.6 0.7 2.4

0.3 5.6 0.7 2.4

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

0.3 5.4 0.6 2.2

SITC code 222 011 042 022 011 247 041 024 048 893

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Uruguay Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

1.1 5.1 -4.5 128.4 -0.3 5.2 -3.9 -9.8 -25.0

100.0 46.5 28.7 1.1 6.2 8.6 4.2 3.9 0.8

10 762.3 1 067.1 351.1 1 749.1 1 787.0 1 151.9 3 637.0 1 019.2

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Transportation ( 29.6 %) Travel ( 42.3 %)

Remaining ( 10.1 %)

Other business ( 18.0 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.092)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

3

2

1

0

−1

−2

−3

100.0 9.9 3.3 16.3 16.6 10.7 33.8 9.5

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.098)

Top partner

−4

-7.6 -10.1 -17.8 -18.4 -12.1 -9.0 2.7 -2.3

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −5

5.7 9.7 0.4 0.7 4.4 4.6 8.1 9.4

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

40

8.1 6.1 15.5 -16.4 8.0 6.7 9.0 3.8 -0.2

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8

60

9 165.7 4 264.7 2 629.0 101.9 569.2 784.4 387.0 359.7 69.9

2014 share

0%

2014

4

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) and "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 33.8, 16.6 and 16.3 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude" (HS code 2709) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Brazil, China and Argentina, accounting for respectively 16.9, 16.5 and 14.0 percent of total imports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 1.4 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 946.7 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 577.6 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 3808 Insecticides, rodenticides, fungicides, herbicides........................................................ 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 3907 Polyacetals, other polyethers and epoxide resins, in primary forms............................ 8502 Electric generating sets and rotary converters.............................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

11 652.1 1 685.1 1 172.1 405.3 244.2 253.6 189.5 144.9 161.7 164.2 12.0

Source: UN Comtrade

11 642.4 1 564.1 494.8 414.7 298.2 280.3 222.7 256.6 172.2 160.6 136.0

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

SITC code

10 762.3 US$/kg 333 1 341.0 0.8 0.8 0.7 US$/kg 334 354.5 1.0 1.0 1.0 387.4 9.5 9.4 9.5 thsd US$/unit 781 764 381.5 222.6 15.0 15.4 15.8 thsd US$/unit 782 US$/kg 591 213.5 5.0 5.8 5.4 US$/kg 784 200.5 8.1 8.0 7.2 752 137.1 92.9 84.1 90.1 US$/unit US$/kg 574 134.3 1.6 1.6 1.4 278.7 4.8 33.5 thsd US$/unit 716

385

Vanuatu Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2011, the value of merchandise exports of Vanuatu increased substantially by 37.6 percent to reach 63.5 mln US$, while its merchandise imports increased slightly by 1.7 percent to reach 280.6 mln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 217.1 mln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Asia-Pacific at -108.4 mln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Vanuatu were diversified amongst partners; imports were moderately concentrated. The top 7 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 7 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2013, the value of exports of services of Vanuatu increased substantially by 10.3 percent, reaching 331.5 mln US$, while its imports of services decreased slightly by 0.3 percent and reached 145.5 mln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services surplus of 185.9 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Mln US$ by year)

(Mln US$ by year) Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

400

Imports

Trade Balance

300 200 100 (na) (na) (na) (na)

(na)

(na) (na) (na) (na)

(na) (na)

0 (na) (na) (na) (na)

(na)

(na) (na) (na) (na)

(na) (na)

−100 −200 −300

Exports Profile: "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2011, representing respectively 49.4, 40.3 and 5.4 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2009 to 2011, the largest export commodity was "Coconut (copra), palm kernel or babassu oil" (HS code 1513) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were the Philippines, Australia and Malaysia, accounting for respectively 14.8, 10.0 and 10.0 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2013 at 265.9 mln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 33.5 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

12

11

10

09

13

20

20

20

20

20

07

08

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

03

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−400 20

300 250 200 150 100 50 0 −50 −100 −150 −200 −250 −300

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013) Travel ( 80.2 %)

Remaining ( 9.7 %)

Transportation ( 10.1 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2009 to 2011 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2002 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 1513 Coconut (copra), palm kernel or babassu oil................................................................. 1203 Copra.............................................................................................................................. 1212 Locust beans, seaweeds and other algae..................................................................... 0202 Meat of bovine animals, frozen..................................................................................... 1801 Cocoa beans, whole or broken, raw or roasted............................................................ 0301 Live fish.......................................................................................................................... 0302 Fish, fresh or chilled, excluding fish fillets.................................................................... 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 2203 Beer made from malt..................................................................................................... 3205 Colour lakes; preparations.............................................................................................

386

Source: UN Comtrade

2009

Value (million US$) 2010 2011

37.7 2.5 5.3 6.0 3.3 3.2 1.4 1.9 1.2 0.9 ...

46.2 9.3 6.0 5.3 4.6 4.0 3.3 0.9 1.5 1.1 0.4

Unit value 2009 2010 2011 Unit

63.5 US$/kg 16.8 1.4 0.9 1.1 US$/kg 11.3 0.4 0.5 0.8 US$/kg 7.4 12.3 10.5 10.9 US$/kg 5.1 4.1 4.5 4.9 US$/kg 2.6 2.2 2.6 2.4 US$/kg 1.8 13.9 14.0 8.5 US$/kg 2.3 4.1 2.5 2.6 1.3 1.1 0.6 0.7 0.6 US$/litre 2.7 0.0 thsd US$/kg

SITC code 422 223 292 011 072 034 034 931 112 531

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Vanuatu Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2007-2011 2010-2011

37.6 16.5 78.3 -57.5 61.8 -13.3 -38.9 -42.5 -14.8

100.0 40.3 49.4 0.1 5.4 0.5 1.6 0.8 2.0

280.6 68.7 5.0 51.1 29.6 36.8 53.1 28.7 7.7

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013)

Transportation ( 49.7 %) Travel ( 25.8 %)

Insurance ( 6.1 %) Remaining ( 12.6 %)

Communication ( 5.7 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.117)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

0%

5 th

10

20

0

0 −2

0 −4

0 −6

0 −8

00 −1

20 −1

100.0 24.5 1.8 18.2 10.5 13.1 18.9 10.2 2.7

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.153)

Top partner

40

1.7 9.8 -5.5 37.3 0.5 -3.5 -22.5 5.5 -0.1

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2011) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −1

8.6 13.8 3.7 8.8 21.2 3.5 1.8 10.6 8.4

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2011 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Mln US$ by MDG Regions in 2011) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2007-2011 2010-2011

2011

%

20.7 30.8 32.1 -25.0 81.1 -13.3 4.7 -10.6 -37.5

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

40

63.5 25.6 31.4 0.0 3.4 0.3 1.0 0.5 1.3

2011 share

60

2011

40

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2011, representing respectively 24.5, 18.9 and 18.2 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2009 to 2011, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were Australia, Singapore and New Zealand, accounting for respectively 30.0, 13.7 and 13.3 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2013 at 72.4 mln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 37.6 mln US$ and "Insurance services" (EBOPS code 253) at 8.9 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2009 to 2011 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2002 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 1006 Rice................................................................................................................................ 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 2523 Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement....................................................... 1905 Bread, pastry, cakes, biscuits and other bakers' wares................................................ 0207 Meat and edible offal, of the poultry of heading 01.05................................................ 1101 Wheat or meslin flour....................................................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2009

Value (million US$) 2010 2011

277.5 32.6 15.5 12.3 7.5 3.9 11.9 4.4 3.1 2.9 2.9

Source: UN Comtrade

276.0 34.3 15.3 11.6 7.7 11.1 3.9 5.1 4.5 4.2 3.6

Unit value 2009 2010 2011 Unit

SITC code

280.6 US$/kg 334 48.2 0.8 1.0 1.2 US$/kg 542 15.5 100.0 113.9 13.3 US$/kg 042 10.8 1.0 0.9 0.9 931 7.7 7.0 9.1 16.8 11.4 thsd US$/unit 781 3.2 17.6 16.8 16.6 thsd US$/unit 782 US$/kg 661 4.3 0.2 0.3 0.4 US$/kg 048 5.5 2.0 2.2 2.0 US$/kg 012 5.2 2.1 2.4 2.7 US$/kg 046 4.4 0.6 0.7 0.9

387

Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2013, the value of merchandise exports of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela decreased moderately by 7.4 percent to reach 88.0 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased substantially by 23.9 percent to reach 45.0 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large surplus of 43.0 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Eastern Asia at 19.8 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela were highly concentrated amongst partners; imports were diversified. The top 3 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 14 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2013, the value of exports of services of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela decreased slightly by 0.4 percent, reaching 2.2 bln US$, while its imports of services increased moderately by 9.1 percent and reached 19.9 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services deficit of 17.7 bln US$. See footnote*.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

100

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

20

80

Imports

Trade Balance

15

60

10

40

5

20

(na)

(na) (na)

(na) (na)

0

0 (na) (na)

−20

(na) (na)

−5

−40

Exports Profile: "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3), "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2013, representing respectively 97.7, 1.1 and 0.6 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2011 to 2013, the largest export commodity was "Petroleum oils, crude" (HS code 2709) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were LAIA nes, North and Central America, Caribbean nes and Areas nes, accounting for respectively 24.4, 23.9 and 22.9 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2013 at 858.0 mln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 667.0 mln US$ and "Government services, n.i.e." (EBOPS code 291) at 367.0 mln US$ (see graph 3).

14

15 20

12

13

20

20

10

09

11

20

20

20

07

08

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

05

−20 04

−100 03

−15

02

−80

03

−10

−60

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013) Transportation ( 30.4 %) Travel ( 39.1 %)

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 16.7 %) Remaining ( 4.3 %)

Other business ( 9.6 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2011 to 2013 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2002 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2709 Petroleum oils, crude..................................................................................................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 2905 Acyclic alcohols and their derivatives........................................................................... 7203 Ferrous products obtained by direct reduction of iron ore............................................ 2601 Iron ores and concentrates............................................................................................ 3102 Mineral or chemical fertilisers, nitrogenous................................................................. 7208 Flat-rolled products of iron or non-alloy steel............................................................... 2814 Ammonia, anhydrous or in aqueous solution................................................................ 7601 Unwrought aluminium...................................................................................................

2011

Value (million US$) 2012 2013

91 094.2 60 913.2 ... 27 217.8 53.1 447.6 567.3 128.3 292.7 73.0 146.3

95 034.9 68 912.5 24 656.5 ... 401.1 304.5 ... 250.6 ... 131.6 90.3

87 961.2 74 850.6 11 010.4 17.0 597.4 204.5 262.3 152.8 43.3 83.3 28.1

Unit value 2011 2012 2013 Unit

0.8 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.7 0.5 1.6

0.8

0.8

0.2

0.2 0.1 0.3 0.6 0.4 2.0

1.1

0.4 0.5 2.0

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

SITC code 333 334 931 512 671 281 562 673 522 684

*Major export partners were defined as regions only and resulted in high partner concentration for exports in graph 5.

388

Source: UN Comtrade

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2009-2013 2012-2013

-7.4 5711.9 766.6 -8.2 20.5 -0.9 64.2 1078.6 ...

100.0 0.0 0.3 97.7 1.1 0.6 0.2 0.0 0.0

44 951.8 7 368.9 1 386.6 373.6 8 550.6 6 739.7 13 003.2 3 889.9 3 639.4

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013)

Personal, cultural & rec ( 19.1 %)

Transportation ( 37.5 %)

Remaining ( 12.7 %)

Travel ( 16.3 %)

Other business ( 14.4 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.258)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

30

25

20

15

10

5

0

−5

5

0 −1

0

100.0 16.4 3.1 0.8 19.0 15.0 28.9 8.7 8.1

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.105)

Top partner

−1

-23.9 -12.8 -29.2 -34.5 -20.5 -18.4 -36.7 -35.0 43.1

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2013) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −2

3.8 6.4 5.9 -28.7 6.6 4.1 -0.6 -2.4 72.2

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2013 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2013) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2009-2013 2012-2013

2013

40

11.7 -18.6 2.8 12.2 37.1 -23.8 -7.6 -7.1 ...

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

87 961.2 29.0 299.9 85 918.6 998.1 488.1 171.8 38.7 17.0

2013 share

0%

2013

35

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2013, representing respectively 28.9, 19.0 and 16.4 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2011 to 2013, the largest import commodity was "Commodities not specified according to kind" (HS code 9999) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the United States, China and Brazil, accounting for respectively 25.0, 15.9 and 9.4 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2013 at 7.4 bln US$, followed by "Personal, cultural, and recreational services" (EBOPS code 287) at 3.8 bln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 3.2 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2011 to 2013 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2002 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 8525 Transmission apparatus for radio-telephony, radio-broadcasting................................ 9018 Instruments and appliances used in medical, surgical, dental or veterinary............... 0102 Live bovine animals....................................................................................................... 0402 Milk and cream, concentrated or containing added sugar........................................... 0202 Meat of bovine animals, frozen..................................................................................... 7304 Tubes, pipes and hollow profiles, seamless, of iron (other than cast iron).................. 2304 Oil-cake and other solid residues.................................................................................. 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof..............................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2011

Value (million US$) 2012 2013

48 725.7 2 148.8 2 309.7 1 010.7 1 040.0 603.2 682.8 602.0 489.1 592.7 624.4

Source: UN Comtrade

59 073.2 2 542.5 2 800.9 999.0 852.2 1 118.8 869.4 776.8 663.5 618.7 728.3

Unit value 2011 2012 2013 Unit

44 951.8 3 638.8 2 566.3 49.0 55.7 51.0 724.2 486.2 633.9 925.0 960.4 971.4 729.5 4.2 4.1 4.0 865.4 5.8 5.7 5.7 918.8 2.2 2.3 3.0 747.2 0.5 0.6 0.7 480.3

US$/kg

US$/unit US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

SITC code 931 542 764 872 001 022 011 679 081 752

389

Viet Nam Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of Viet Nam increased substantially by 13.8 percent to reach 150.2 bln US$, while its merchandise imports increased substantially by 12.0 percent to reach 147.8 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small surplus of 2.4 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Eastern Asia at -47.8 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Viet Nam were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 20 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 10 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Viet Nam increased slightly by 2.4 percent, reaching 11.0 bln US$, while its imports of services increased slightly by 4.9 percent and reached 14.5 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services deficit of 3.5 bln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

200

Imports

Trade Balance

150

Exports

15

Imports

Trade Balance

10

100 5

50 (na)

0

(na)

0 (na)

−50

(na)

−5

−100 −10

−150

Exports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) and "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 32.4, 29.8 and 14.6 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy" (HS code 8517) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were the United States, Japan and China, accounting for respectively 18.2, 10.4 and 10.3 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 7.3 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 2.3 bln US$ (see graph 3).

14

13

12

15 20

20

20

10

09

11

20

20

20

07

08

20

20

06

20

04

05

20

20

02

03

20

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

03

−15 02

−200

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 66.8 %)

Transportation ( 21.1 %) Remaining ( 12.0 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 Value (million US$) Unit value 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2012 2013 2014 2012 2013 2014 Unit All Commodities............................................................................................................ 114 529.2 132 032.9 150 217.1 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 13 157.0 21 853.0 24 392.8 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. US$/kg 8 398.0 7 375.4 7 224.2 0.9 0.9 0.8 6403 Footwear with outer soles of rubber, plastics, leather................................................. US$/pair 32.7 3 245.1 3 639.2 4 290.8 1006 Rice................................................................................................................................ US$/kg 0.4 0.5 3 677.9 2 926.3 2 936.9 0901 Coffee, whether or not roasted or decaffeinated......................................................... US$/kg 3 545.3 2 551.4 3 311.4 2.1 2.0 2.0 9403 Other furniture and parts thereof.................................................................................. 2 655.1 2 961.8 3 430.5 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 1 491.4 3 412.8 3 811.9 6404 Footwear with outer soles of rubber, plastics, leather................................................. 2 152.9 2 865.1 3 667.1 8544 Insulated (including enamelled or anodised) wire, cable............................................. 2 159.3 2 516.0 2 719.1 6204 Women's or girls'suits, ensembles, jackets, blazers, dresses, skirts........................... 2 118.4 2 440.9 2 766.8 HS code

390

Source: UN Comtrade

SITC code 764 333 851 042 071 821 752 851 773 842

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Viet Nam Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

13.8 16.9 -12.0 -4.6 10.2 19.1 13.0 20.1 -7.3

100.0 14.6 2.9 6.1 2.8 10.9 32.4 29.8 0.4

147 839.0 10 975.9 8 895.0 10 355.7 19 690.5 34 567.9 55 013.9 7 479.3 860.9

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Transportation ( 53.4 %) Travel ( 14.8 %)

Construction ( 7.2 %) Insurance ( 7.0 %) Remaining ( 10.8 %)

Other business ( 6.7 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.069)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

40

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

0%

5 th

10

30

20

10

0

0

0

0 −1

−2

0

0

0

0

−3

−4

−5

−6

0

100.0 7.4 6.0 7.0 13.3 23.4 37.2 5.1 0.6

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.131)

Top partner

−7

12.0 16.7 15.7 2.3 8.3 15.3 11.3 15.5 11.1

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −8

14.9 14.1 14.5 6.2 12.1 11.5 22.1 15.7 -8.9

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

%

20.1 12.5 6.6 3.7 22.5 18.2 43.5 15.8 5.0

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

150 217.1 21 965.8 4 394.8 9 238.3 4 218.3 16 414.5 48 624.1 44 799.9 561.4

2014 share

80

2014

40

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 37.2, 23.4 and 13.3 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Electronic integrated circuits" (HS code 8542) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were China, the Republic of Korea and Japan, accounting for respectively 27.8, 14.7 and 9.1 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 7.7 bln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 2.1 bln US$ and "Construction services" (EBOPS code 249) at 1.1 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 Value (million US$) Unit value 4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 2012 2013 2014 2012 2013 2014 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 113 780.4 132 032.5 147 839.0 8542 Electronic integrated circuits......................................................................................... 7 313.5 10 152.8 10 295.2 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 9 356.3 7 392.7 8 028.9 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 5 314.1 8 559.3 9 376.3 7208 Flat-rolled products of iron or non-alloy steel............................................................... 2 341.3 2 607.7 2 163.1 0.6 0.6 0.6 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 1 642.8 1 725.4 1 870.1 3901 Polymers of ethylene, in primary forms......................................................................... 1 394.2 1 674.5 1 934.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 6006 Other knitted or crocheted fabrics................................................................................. 1 307.6 1 675.2 1 924.0 9.5 10.0 2304 Oil-cake and other solid residues.................................................................................. 0.6 0.6 1 269.8 1 743.3 1 859.8 8534 Printed circuits............................................................................................................... 1 096.9 1 454.2 1 455.3 7204 Ferrous waste and scrap; remelting scrap ingots of iron or steel................................ 1 415.4 1 247.1 1 241.6 0.4 0.4 0.4 HS code

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Source: UN Comtrade

Unit

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

SITC code 776 334 764 673 542 571 655 081 772 282

391

Yemen Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of Yemen decreased substantially by 66.1 percent to reach 2.4 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased moderately by 9.3 percent to reach 12.0 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 9.6 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Western Asia at -1.7 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Yemen were moderately concentrated amongst partners; imports were diversified. The top 6 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 18 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Yemen decreased slightly by 1.1 percent, reaching 1.7 bln US$, while its imports of services increased substantially by 11.4 percent and reached 2.5 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services deficit of 825.4 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year)

Exports Profile: "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 55.8, 19.2 and 17.5 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude" (HS code 2709) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were China, Thailand and India, accounting for respectively 33.0, 18.5 and 8.2 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 1.0 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 258.1 mln US$ and "Communications services" (EBOPS code 245) at 219.0 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

13

20

12

20

10

09

08

11

20

20

20

20

07

20

06

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−15

05

−10

20

−5

Trade Balance

(na)

04

(na)

Imports

(na)

20

(na)

0

03

5

20

10

Exports

3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 −0.5 −1 −1.5 −2 −2.5 −3 02

Trade Balance

20

15

Imports

20

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 60.1 %)

Transportation ( 15.1 %)

Remaining ( 0.2 %) Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 11.7 %)

Communication ( 12.8 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 2707 Oils and other products of high temperature coal tar................................................... 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 0302 Fish, fresh or chilled, excluding fish fillets.................................................................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 0307 Molluscs, whether in shell or not.................................................................................. 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 8803 Parts of goods of heading 88.01 or 88.02.....................................................................

392

Source: UN Comtrade

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

7 062.1 5 335.2 555.5 184.2 1.5 101.1 250.5 5.6 49.2 44.3 6.7

7 129.8 3 248.7 2 053.7 642.3 483.6 121.3 20.8 ... 41.7 11.3 27.8

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

2 416.9 US$/kg 1 271.5 0.8 0.8 0.8 US$/kg 68.8 0.2 0.3 0.6 US$/kg 0.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.2 US$/kg 114.1 1.9 2.0 US$/kg 8.8 0.8 0.6 1.0 thsd US$/unit 215.9 35.0 US$/kg 38.0 3.4 2.4 4.2 US$/kg 51.3 14.4 11.4 17.6 US$/kg 67.2 750.4 632.4 961.6

SITC code 333 343 335 931 034 334 781 036 784 792

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Yemen Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

-21.7 0.6 6.1 -30.2 1.9 7.2 30.7 -17.8 -12.4

-66.1 7.3 -19.8 -77.4 4.0 72.3 367.2 -28.6 -96.5

100.0 19.2 1.7 55.8 1.7 3.0 17.5 0.3 0.7

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

12 041.6 4 404.4 557.9 259.0 1 122.3 2 083.1 2 608.7 808.4 197.8

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

100.0 36.6 4.6 2.2 9.3 17.3 21.7 6.7 1.6

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.048)

(% share in 2014) Transportation ( 52.3 %)

Other business ( 17.4 %)

Insurance ( 9.6 %)

Remaining ( 12.4 %)

Construction ( 8.3 %)

Top partner

25 th 10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

%

15 th

0%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

10

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.197)

5 th

1

0.5

0

.5 −0

−1

−1

.5

Top partner

%

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania

%

Exports

−2

-9.3 24.4 44.0 27.5 16.8 45.0 24.4 87.6 -95.3

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014)

Imports

.5

6.8 15.0 7.4 -39.6 12.3 12.4 6.6 25.4 68.8

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014)

−2

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

40

2 416.9 465.0 41.1 1 349.1 40.6 72.2 424.1 7.6 17.3

2014 share

60

2014

0%

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 36.6, 21.7 and 17.3 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Commodities not specified according to kind" (HS code 9999) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were the United Arab Emirates, China and Saudi Arabia, accounting for respectively 10.7, 8.8 and 6.3 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 1.3 bln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 440.3 mln US$ and "Insurance services" (EBOPS code 253) at 243.9 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 1001 Wheat and meslin......................................................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 1701 Cane or beet sugar and chemically pure sucrose, in solid form................................... 1006 Rice................................................................................................................................ 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 0402 Milk and cream, concentrated or containing added sugar........................................... 7214 Other bars and rods of iron or non-alloy steel.............................................................. 1511 Palm oil and its fractions...............................................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

11 259.6 354.7 3 024.2 983.8 516.9 444.7 346.3 287.2 221.6 165.1 190.7

Source: UN Comtrade

13 272.9 4 173.4 138.6 1 048.4 523.8 342.1 363.1 330.9 222.4 178.5 211.3

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

12 041.6 0.1 195.7 1.0 1 060.3 0.3 711.2 10.9 583.8 0.7 384.4 0.8 341.8 17.5 286.0 3.5 366.0 0.6 296.0 1.1

1.7 0.3 8.4 0.6 0.8

US$/kg 1.5 US$/kg 0.3 8.5 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 0.5 US$/kg 0.9

3.9 0.6 1.0

4.6 0.6 0.9

US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg US$/kg

SITC code 931 334 041 781 061 042 542 022 676 422

393

Zambia Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of Zambia decreased moderately by 8.6 percent to reach 9.7 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased moderately by 6.1 percent to reach 9.5 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small surplus of 148.9 mln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Developed Europe at 3.7 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Zambia were highly concentrated amongst partners; imports were diversified. The top 5 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 10 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of Zambia increased substantially by 12.2 percent, reaching 850.9 mln US$, while its imports of services decreased moderately by 9.6 percent and reached 1.6 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services deficit of 778.9 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

12 10 8 6 4 2 0 −2 −4 −6 −8 −10 −12

Imports

Trade Balance

Exports

2

Imports

Trade Balance

1.5 1 0.5 (na)

(na)

0 (na)

(na)

−0.5 −1 −1.5

Exports Profile: "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6), "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 79.3, 6.6 and 4.0 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Refined copper and copper alloys, unwrought" (HS code 7403) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were Switzerland, China and Democratic Republic of the Congo, accounting for respectively 41.2, 19.7 and 9.1 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 641.5 mln US$, followed by "Insurance services" (EBOPS code 253) at 79.5 mln US$ and "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 61.1 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

13

20

11

10

12

20

20

20

08

07

09

20

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

03

20

02

20

20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−2

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Travel ( 75.4 %)

Insurance ( 9.3 %) Remaining ( 8.1 %)

Transportation ( 7.2 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 7403 Refined copper and copper alloys, unwrought.............................................................. 1005 Maize (corn)................................................................................................................... 2807 Sulphuric acid; oleum.................................................................................................... 2401 Unmanufactured tobacco; tobacco refuse.................................................................... 8105 Cobalt mattes and other intermediate products of cobalt metallurgy.......................... 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 1701 Cane or beet sugar and chemically pure sucrose, in solid form................................... 7409 Copper plates, sheets and strip, of a thickness exceeding 0.15 mm............................ 7408 Copper wire................................................................................................................... 2523 Portland cement, aluminous cement, slag cement.......................................................

394

Source: UN Comtrade

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

9 364.7 5 936.2 414.2 76.4 156.7 214.5 138.5 123.5 276.0 150.3 65.8

10 594.1 6 607.4 154.8 254.0 180.3 132.5 162.9 122.0 79.0 127.7 209.8

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

9 687.9 US$/kg 7 104.5 7.4 7.1 7.5 US$/kg 65.4 0.6 0.9 0.7 US$/kg 217.7 0.2 0.7 0.5 US$/kg 143.1 4.1 4.3 4.5 US$/kg 122.7 13.0 24.2 24.9 117.7 43.3 41.9 thsd US$/kg US$/kg 132.4 0.6 0.6 0.6 US$/kg 10.7 9.6 7.9 8.0 US$/kg 84.5 10.1 9.7 7.6 US$/kg 68.5 0.2 0.8 0.3

SITC code 682 044 522 121 689 971 061 682 682 661

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Zambia Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

-8.6 -38.7 -22.9 -46.4 -39.3 2.1 -27.9 -22.6 -35.6

100.0 6.6 3.7 1.1 4.0 79.3 3.2 0.8 1.3

9 539.0 361.7 1 763.1 1 337.8 1 292.1 1 372.4 3 026.2 374.6 11.1

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014) Transportation ( 55.4 %) Travel ( 13.6 %)

Other business ( 12.9 %) Remaining ( 10.9 %)

Insurance ( 7.1 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.25)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

10

4

3

2

1

0

−1

−2

−3

−4

100.0 3.8 18.5 14.0 13.5 14.4 31.7 3.9 0.1

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.149)

Top partner

−5

-6.1 7.0 -2.7 24.2 -18.0 -10.2 -9.9 -17.5 -36.2

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014) Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −6

15.7 21.5 15.8 21.3 8.7 12.1 18.6 15.8 -16.2

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014) Imports

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

40

7.7 11.8 -13.1 30.7 29.8 7.5 22.4 31.8 16.3

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

60

9 687.9 637.4 354.8 106.5 391.7 7 686.0 307.0 74.1 130.5

2014 share

0%

2014

5

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 31.7, 18.5 and 14.4 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Copper ores and concentrates" (HS code 2603) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were South Africa, Democratic Republic of the Congo and China, accounting for respectively 32.1, 16.0 and 9.4 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 902.8 mln US$, followed by "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 222.2 mln US$ and "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 210.3 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2603 Copper ores and concentrates....................................................................................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 7308 Structures (excluding prefabricated buildings of heading 94.06)................................. 8429 Self-propelled bulldozers, angledozers, graders, levellers, scrapers........................... 8474 Machinery for sorting, screening, separating, washing, crushing, grinding................ 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 3102 Mineral or chemical fertilisers, nitrogenous................................................................. 2605 Cobalt ores and concentrates........................................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Value (million US$) 2013 2014

8 805.2 847.1 315.3 366.8 543.9 130.7 219.5 140.5 186.7 158.5 190.5

Source: UN Comtrade

10 161.8 1 389.4 919.7 341.0 89.1 325.2 252.4 295.5 238.6 254.3 167.4

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

9 539.0 US$/kg 1 220.2 3.3 2.9 4.3 US$/kg 1 075.8 1.5 0.9 1.6 348.1 US$/kg 179.5 0.8 0.7 US$/kg 316.2 3.3 2.8 2.9 228.0 208.7 213.1 18.5 17.4 17.5 thsd US$/unit US$/kg 203.5 0.7 0.7 0.6 US$/kg 203.4 2.5 2.7 2.4

SITC code 283 334 782 333 691 723 728 781 562 287

395

Zimbabwe Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: General

Overview: In 2015, the value of merchandise exports of Zimbabwe decreased substantially by 11.7 percent to reach 2.7 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased moderately by 5.9 percent to reach 6.0 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a large deficit of 3.3 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG South-eastern Asia at -1.4 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in Zimbabwe were highly concentrated amongst partners; imports were moderately concentrated. The top 2 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 7 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2013, the value of exports of services of Zimbabwe increased substantially by 13.7 percent, reaching 439.9 mln US$, while its imports of services increased substantially by 20.4 percent and reached 1.2 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a large trade in services deficit of 724.9 mln US$.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year)

Exports Profile: "Food, animals + beverages, tobacco" (SITC section 0+1), "Not classified elsewhere in the SITC" (SITC section 9) and "Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils" (SITC section 2+4) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2015, representing respectively 40.0, 23.4 and 20.6 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2013 to 2015, the largest export commodity was "Unmanufactured tobacco; tobacco refuse" (HS code 2401) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were South Africa, Mozambique and the United Arab Emirates, accounting for respectively 71.0, 14.6 and 5.1 percent of total exports. "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2013 at 198.4 mln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 164.4 mln US$ and "Government services, n.i.e." (EBOPS code 291) at 41.3 mln US$ (see graph 3).

15

14

20

13

20

11

12

20

20

09

10

20

20

08

20

07

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

08

07

06

05

04

03

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

02

−10

20

−8

06

−6

(na) (na)

20

−4

Trade Balance

(na) (na)

05

(na)

−2

Imports

20

(na)

0

04

2

20

4

03

6

20

8

Exports

1.2 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 −0.2 −0.4 −0.6 −0.8 −1 −1.2 02

Trade Balance

20

10

Imports

20

Exports

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2013)

Travel ( 45.1 %)

Transportation ( 37.4 %)

Remaining ( 3.1 %) Other business ( 5.0 %)

Gov. services, n.i.e. ( 9.4 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2401 Unmanufactured tobacco; tobacco refuse.................................................................... 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 2604 Nickel ores and concentrates........................................................................................ 7102 Diamonds, whether or not worked, but not mounted or set......................................... 7202 Ferro-alloys.................................................................................................................... 7501 Nickel mattes, nickel oxide sinters and other intermediate products.......................... 1701 Cane or beet sugar and chemically pure sucrose, in solid form................................... 7110 Platinum, unwrought or in semi-manufactured forms, or in powder form................... 5201 Cotton, not carded or combed....................................................................................... 2516 Granite, porphyry, basalt, sandstone and other stone..................................................

396

Source: UN Comtrade

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

3 507.3 869.9 502.5 326.7 326.6 148.4 411.2 90.6 140.2 97.2 16.9

3 063.7 807.6 532.9 354.4 233.6 271.4 4.1 150.3 136.9 66.2 24.1

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

2 704.1 US$/kg 865.0 5.9 5.7 5.8 630.6 40.5 36.6 thsd US$/kg US$/kg 218.4 2.1 1.9 1.3 179.1 158.8 US$/kg 22.2 55.8 50.5 50.8 US$/kg 99.8 0.6 0.6 0.5 35.5 US$/kg 48.4 1.7 1.7 1.4 US$/kg 31.6 0.2 0.2 0.2

SITC code 121 971 284 667 671 284 061 681 263 273

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

Zimbabwe Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

-6.3 6.8 -21.9 9.0 -4.9 -3.9 -6.9 -44.7 19.7

-11.7 0.3 -4.0 195.2 6.3 -60.5 -28.7 -7.5 18.5

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

100.0 40.0 20.6 1.5 0.8 10.9 1.3 1.5 23.4

6 002.2 844.4 200.6 1 583.6 945.2 680.5 1 411.4 293.4 43.2

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category Transportation ( 80.2 %)

Remaining ( 3.6 %) Travel ( 6.7 %)

Other business ( 9.5 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.533)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

0%

5 th

10

2

1.5

1

0

0.5

.5 −0

−1

.5

−2

−1

.5

100.0 14.1 3.3 26.4 15.7 11.3 23.5 4.9 0.7

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.209)

Top partner

%

Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −2

-5.9 -0.5 -16.4 1.1 -14.6 -3.9 -5.3 -21.1 -7.4

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2015)

Imports

−3

-8.6 -5.9 -15.9 6.0 -23.3 -2.7 -9.1 3.1 -0.3

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2015 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2015)

(% share in 2013)

Avg. Growth rates 2011-2015 2014-2015

2015

40

2 704.1 1 082.3 555.8 41.5 21.9 293.6 36.5 40.4 632.0

2015 share

60

2015

2.5

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3), "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7) and "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2015, representing respectively 26.4, 23.5 and 15.7 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2013 to 2015, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils, other than crude" (HS code 2710) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were South Africa, Singapore and the United Kingdom, accounting for respectively 43.3, 12.8 and 8.6 percent of total imports. "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2013 at 933.8 mln US$, followed by "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) at 110.7 mln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 78.4 mln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2013 to 2015 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 3105 Mineral or chemical fertilisers...................................................................................... 8704 Motor vehicles for the transport of goods.................................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 1005 Maize (corn)................................................................................................................... 1006 Rice................................................................................................................................ 3102 Mineral or chemical fertilisers, nitrogenous................................................................. 1001 Wheat and meslin.........................................................................................................

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2013

Value (million US$) 2014 2015

7 704.2 1 511.8 979.4 269.2 257.7 165.5 154.3 108.7 106.5 80.3 81.1

Source: UN Comtrade

6 379.8 1 478.9 89.3 174.8 197.0 203.8 135.8 114.6 115.1 160.8 92.0

Unit value 2013 2014 2015 Unit

SITC code

6 002.2 US$/kg 334 1 518.6 1.2 1.2 1.3 US$/kg 562 82.4 7.0 0.6 0.6 171.7 6.6 2.0 1.6 thsd US$/unit 782 thsd US$/unit 781 152.0 3.0 US$/kg 542 176.8 20.8 46.8 41.2 764 161.0 US$/kg 044 174.3 0.4 0.4 0.3 US$/kg 042 126.9 0.7 0.7 0.6 US$/kg 562 62.6 0.6 0.8 0.5 US$/kg 041 100.0 0.5 0.5 0.4

397

European Union Goods Imports: CIF, by origin

Goods Exports: FOB, by last known destination

Trade System: Special

Overview: In 2014, the value of merchandise exports of the EU decreased slightly by 2.4 percent to reach 2339.7 bln US$, while its merchandise imports decreased slightly by 0.1 percent to reach 2281.3 bln US$ (see graph 1, table 2 and table 3). The merchandise trade balance recorded a relatively small surplus of 58.4 bln US$ (see graph 1). The largest merchandise trade balance was with MDG Eastern Asia at -153.7 bln US$ (see graph 4). Merchandise exports in the EU were diversified amongst partners; imports were also diversified. The top 25 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of exports and 23 partners accounted for 80 percent or more of imports (see graph 5). In 2014, the value of exports of services of the EU increased moderately by 6.7 percent, reaching 955.3 bln US$, while its imports of services increased substantially by 11.2 percent and reached 774.0 bln US$ (see graph 2). There was a moderate trade in services surplus of 181.3 bln US$. See footnote*.

Graph 1: Total merchandise trade, by value

Graph 2: Total services trade, by value

(Bln US$ by year)

(Bln US$ by year) Exports

2500

Imports

Trade Balance

2000

800

1500

600

1000

400

500

(na)

Exports

1000

Imports

Trade Balance

200

0

(na)

0

15

14

20

13

20

12

20

10

11

20

20

08

07

09

20

20

20

05

04

06

20

20

20

03

20

02 20

14

15 20

12

11

10

09

13

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

08

−1000 07

−2500 06

−800

05

−600

−2000

04

−1500

03

−400

02

−1000

Exports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Chemicals" (SITC section 5) and "Goods classified chiefly by material" (SITC section 6) were the largest commodity groups for exports in 2014, representing respectively 40.2, 15.5 and 11.2 percent of exported goods (see table 2). From 2012 to 2014, the largest export commodity was "Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport" (HS code 8703) (see table 1). The top three destinations for merchandise exports were the United States, China and Switzerland, accounting for respectively 16.7, 8.6 and 8.4 percent of total exports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of exports of services in 2014 at 265.6 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 184.7 bln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 144.3 bln US$ (see graph 3).

(na)

−200

20

(na)

−500

Graph 3: Exports of services by EBOPS category (% share in 2014)

Transportation ( 19.3 %) Travel ( 15.1 %)

Computer & information ( 10.6 %)

Other business ( 27.8 %)

Financial ( 8.8 %) Remaining ( 11.5 %)

Royalties & lic. fees ( 6.9 %)

Table 1: Top 10 export commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport............... 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 8802 Other aircraft (for example, helicopters, aeroplanes); spacecraft................................ 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 8708 Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05.................... 8411 Turbo-jets, turbo-propellers and other gas turbines..................................................... 3002 Human blood; animal blood prepared for therapeutic uses.......................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................

2012

Value (billion US$) 2013 2014

2 251.6 138.9 143.5 130.3 95.7 52.0 23.9 48.5 38.9 29.3 31.1

2 396.2 148.7 147.4 130.0 100.2 57.9 90.5 52.2 41.9 30.3 28.3

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

SITC code

2 339.7 152.9 23.8 24.4 27.6 thsd US$/unit 781 931 143.2 US$/kg 334 115.2 0.9 0.9 0.8 US$/kg 542 104.0 126.5 127.1 126.4 55.6 14.0 0.4 12.3 mln US$/unit 792 46.4 46.6 44.5 38.9 thsd US$/kg 971 US$/kg 784 52.4 10.8 11.3 11.8 714 42.2 US$/kg 541 35.2 711.1 667.2 682.3 764 26.4

*Data beginning 2002 reporting EU-28. Trade in services reporting EU-15 for 2000-2002; EU-25 for 2003; EU-27 for 2004-2009; and EU-28 for 2010-2014.

398

Source: UN Comtrade

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

European Union Services Imports and Exports: EBOPS 2002 categories

Table 2: Merchandise exports by SITC

Table 3: Merchandise imports by SITC

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

(Value in million US$, growth and shares in percentage)

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

5.9 9.2 3.6 7.7 4.8 4.0 5.6 8.0 7.2

-2.4 3.0 -4.8 -11.0 1.8 -0.9 -0.4 3.2 -20.5

100.0 6.1 2.4 5.8 15.5 11.2 40.2 10.6 8.2

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

Avg. Growth rates 2010-2014 2013-2014

2014

2 281 341.9 130 573.7 96 895.4 558 051.4 215 914.5 229 934.7 603 312.2 312 454.6 134 205.4

Graph 4: Merchandise trade balance Trade balance

Imports (Herfindahl Index = 0.067)

Graph 6: Imports of services by EBOPS category Transportation ( 20.6 %) Travel ( 16.8 %)

Other business ( 28.9 %)

Remaining ( 9.1 %)

Royalties & lic. fees ( 11.7 %) Computer & information ( 7.2 %) Financial ( 5.7 %)

Exports (Herfindahl Index = 0.059)

Top partner

10

80

60

40

20

20

80

0

0%

25 th %

25 th %

20 th

%

20 th

%

15 th

0%

15 th

%

10 th

%

10 th

%

5 th

%

5 th

50

0

0

0

40

30

20

0 10

0

00 −1

00 −2

00

00

Top partner

−3

00

100.0 5.7 4.2 24.5 9.5 10.1 26.4 13.7 5.9

40

Exports

Developed Asia−Pacific Developed Europe Developed N. America South−eastern Europe CIS Northern Africa Sub−Saharan Africa Latin Am, Caribbean Eastern Asia Southern Asia South−eastern Asia Western Asia Oceania −4

-0.1 5.5 -3.9 -10.6 4.2 4.9 4.0 8.6 -4.3

(Cumulative share by ranked partners in 2014)

Imports

(% share in 2014)

SITC Code Description Total All commodities 0+1 Food, animals + beverages, tobacco 2+4 Crude materials + anim. & veg. oils 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants 5 Chemicals 6 Goods classified chiefly by material 7 Machinery and transport equipment 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 9 Not classified elsewhere in the SITC

2014 share

Graph 5: Partner concentration of merchandise trade

(Bln US$ by MDG Regions in 2014)

−5

2.5 5.1 0.9 3.9 4.8 2.8 0.6 3.5 -1.0

60

2 339 708.9 143 006.6 56 520.4 134 819.0 363 482.6 262 404.0 940 589.6 248 158.8 190 728.0

2014 share

0%

2014

10

SITC Total 0+1 2+4 3 5 6 7 8 9

SITC Legend

Imports Profile: "Machinery and transport equipment" (SITC section 7), "Mineral fuels, lubricants" (SITC section 3) and "Miscellaneous manufactured articles" (SITC section 8) were the largest commodity groups for imports in 2014, representing respectively 26.4, 24.5 and 13.7 percent of imported goods (see table 3). From 2012 to 2014, the largest import commodity was "Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude" (HS code 2709) (see table 4). The top three partners for merchandise imports were China, the United States and the Russian Federation, accounting for respectively 16.6, 11.5 and 11.2 percent of total imports. "Other business services" (EBOPS code 268) accounted for the largest share of imports of services in 2014 at 224.0 bln US$, followed by "Transportation" (EBOPS code 205) at 159.4 bln US$ and "Travel" (EBOPS code 236) at 130.1 bln US$ (see graph 6).

Table 4: Top 10 import commodities 2012 to 2014 HS code

4-digit heading of Harmonized System 2012 All Commodities............................................................................................................ 2709 Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude............................. 9999 Commodities not specified according to kind............................................................... 2710 Petroleum oils, other than crude................................................................................... 2711 Petroleum gases and other gaseous hydrocarbons...................................................... 8517 Electrical apparatus for line telephony or line telegraphy............................................ 8471 Automatic data processing machines and units thereof.............................................. 3004 Medicaments (excluding goods of heading 30.02, 30.05 or 30.06).............................. 7108 Gold (including gold plated with platinum)................................................................... 8411 Turbo-jets, turbo-propellers and other gas turbines..................................................... 8703 Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport...............

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I

2012

Value (billion US$) 2013 2014

2 354.2 436.9 118.4 105.1 85.1 61.1 57.1 39.3 62.8 32.8 31.5

Source: UN Comtrade

2 283.8 401.7 115.5 112.8 82.3 65.6 58.2 38.8 23.9 34.1 31.6

Unit value 2012 2013 2014 Unit

2 281.3 US$/kg 359.5 0.8 0.8 0.7 105.1 US$/kg 101.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 US$/kg 70.2 0.6 0.6 0.5 65.6 59.1 133.0 132.6 108.6 US$/unit US$/kg 41.9 247.6 234.0 243.4 28.0 51.1 41.1 39.9 thsd US$/kg 34.8 33.1 14.7 14.5 14.6 thsd US$/unit

SITC code 333 931 334 343 764 752 542 971 714 781

399

Country Trade Profiles Profils de pays de commerce

400

General notes:

Remarque générale:

For further information on Sources, Method of Estimation, Currency Conversion, Period, Country Nomenclature and Country Grouping of this table, as well as for a brief table description, please see the Introduction.

Pour plus d'information en ce qui concerne les sources, la méthode d'estimation, taux d’exchange, période, nomenclature des pays et groupement de pays, ainsi que pour une brève description de ce tableau, veuillez voir l'introduction.

Source: UN Comtrade

2015 International Trade Statistics Yearbook, Vol. I