LA PHONETIQUE
Symboles
Exemples
ALPHABET PHONETIQUE Symboles
Exemples
Voyelles longues
Consonnes
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Voyelles brèves
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II/ ACCENTUATION A - Schémas accentuels - Observez les phrases suivantes et leur transcription phonétique : « I had such a wonderful time on holiday. It was simply marvellous ! »
- Caractéristiques de l’accentuation française ð
- Caractéristiques de l’accentuation anglaise ð
- Quelques syllabes providentielles. Pourquoi? ð
- Et des syllabes qui ne changent rien… ð
QUELQUES SYLLABES PROVIDENTIELLES 1) Accentuez la syllabe précédant -tion, -ssion, -cian : organization interpretation rational institution explanation recognition information production supposition reduction introduction perception relationship assumption investigation gravi tational 2) Accentuez la syllabe précédant -ic, -icist, -icism: specific realistic biological technical optimistic pessimistic characteristic significant significantly theoretic lexical semantic
psychological scientific stereotypic dyslexic
politician
political
(Exceptions: Arabic, arithmetic, catholic, lunatic, politics, rhetoric) 3) Accentuez la syllabe précédant -ity, -ety: specificity reality ability anxiety society capacity possibility necessity superiority ambiguity quality equality responsibility controllability probability minority 4) Accentuez la syllabe précédant -ient, -cient, -ience: convenient efficient inefficiency inconvenient sufficient insufficient experience patient 5) Accentuez la syllabe précédant -ious: conscious unconscious innocuous obvious serious seriousness conscientious previous 6) Accentuez la syllabe précédant -ia, -ial, -ialism: specialized potential especially essential superficial material materialism familiar criteria dyslexia differentiate substantial 7) Accentuez la syllabe précédant -ual, -uate habitual individual intellectual usual eventual eventually gradual graduate perpetuate visual perceptual 8) Accentuez la syllabe précédant -ible; do not stress -able: incredible impossible responsible sensible desirable incompatible valuable adaptable reliable reliably quantifiable probable 9) Accentuez la première syllabe dans les mots suivants: rationalize generalize characterize specialize personalize jeopardize organize realize analyse categorize (but: materialize, -ism) 10) Accentuez la dernière syllabe dans les mots qui se terminent en: -eer -ese -esque -ate engineer Japanese picturesque create -ee -ette / -et refugee quartet (sauf: coffee, toffee, committee, pedigree) (sauf: etiquette, 11) Quelques mots donnant lieu à des erreurs de prononciation: necessary development economical percent necessity probable adaptable acceptable final probably result profitable finally psychoanalyst advantage event psychiatrist psychoanalysis disadvantage area psychiatry psychoanalyse comment to succeed average movement commentary success significant laboratory subject (N) difficulty process hypothesis analysis category idea develop economic interesting
variety inferiority variability technicality
controllable perceptible
-fy defy
omelette) performance introduce similar questionnaire quantitative significant determine determination environment occurrence
-ise / -ize advise
Ex. 9 - Vérifiez l’accent principal des mots suivants ou, quand c’est possible, déduisez sa place grâce au tableau ci-dessus, indiquez-le en soulignant les syllabes concernées puis lisez les mots à voix haute: academy academic lecture lecturer art artistic biology biological statistics statistical politics political physics physical consult consultation educate educational examine examination maths mathematics mathematical mathematician special specialise specialisation speciality psychology psychologist psychological psychologically
B - Changement de schéma accentuel dans les mots de deux syllabes en fonction de la nature du mot.
ð
conduct suspect increase present
conflict content subject desert
contest record protest permit
decrease import reprint
insult transport progress
transfer upset reject
1) The farm was planned to produce [ ] organic produce [ ]. 2) We had to subject [ ] the subject [ ] to a series of tests. 3) The insurance was invalid [ ] for the invalid [ ]. 4) I did not object [ ] to the object [ ] of his argument. Ex. 10 - Dans chacun des mots en caractère gras, soulignez la syllabe accentuée, puis entraînez-vous à lire ces phrases. 1- They paid £1 million transfer fee for transferring the player to their team. 2- Although they suspected several people were partly involved, the police decided to concentrate on Joe as the main suspect. 3- There are conflicting views as to the cause of the conflict. 4- All this upset over the wedding has really upset them. 5- The cost of living has increased while there has been a decrease in wages. 6- A work permit permits you to work for a period of six months. 7- I wish I could record a hit record! 8- Despite the disgraceful conduct of the audience, James went on conducting the orchestra. 9- At present, patients with blindsight can accurately point to stimuli presented in their visual fields. Ex. 11 - Dans les phrases suivantes, soulignez les syllabes accentuées dans les mots de plus de 2 syllabes, puis lisez ces phrases. 1- She’s studying psychology at university and hopes to become a psychologist. 2- Psychoanalysis is a very interesting subject but I don’t want to be subjected to a long lecture about it, thank you very much! 3- Other studies have shown that the genetic contribution to mental ability actually seems to increase from about 20 per cent during infancy. 4- We create an environment that is correlated with our genetic propensity. 5- Many modern researchers believe that rationality is objective and open to mathematical analysis.
